EP2177290A1 - Method for defining a punching tool set for punching of work pieces and punching machine with such a punching tool set - Google Patents

Abstract

The method involves removing material from a reprocessed die (16) and changing a location of a cutting edge of the die to a punch entry direction. A punch and a metal sheet thickness are assigned to the reprocessed die based on the change in the cutting edge cross-section of the reprocessed die. Independent claims are included for the following: (1) reprocessed die; (2) punch machine; and (3) computer readable medium storing program for reprocessing die.

Description

• wobei der Stanzwerkzeugsatz eine Stanzmatrize sowie einen bei der Werkstückbearbeitung in einer Eintauchrichtung in die Stanzmatrize eintauchenden Stanzstempel umfasst und die Stanzmatrize eine von einer Matrizenschneidkante begrenzte Matrizenöffnung aufweist, die sich in Eintauchrichtung des Stanzstempels erstreckt,
• wobei die Stanzmatrize durch Bearbeiten einer Vorgänger-Stanzmatrize unter Abtragen von Material an der Vorgänger-Stanzmatrize und damit verbunden unter Verlagerung der Matrizenschneidkante in Eintauchrichtung sowie unter Änderung des Querschnittes der Matrizenöffnung auf Höhe der Matrizenschneidkante ("Matrizen-Schneidkantenquerschnitt") entstanden ist und
• wobei in Abhängigkeit von dem Matrizen-Schneidkantenquerschnitt einerseits und dem Querschnitt des Stanzstempels und/oder der bei der Werkstückbearbeitung zu durchdringenden Werkstückdicke andererseits eine Stanzstempelzuordnung und/oder eine Werkstückdickenzuordnung der Stanzmatrize vorgenommen wird.

The invention relates to a method for defining a punching tool set for punching workpieces, in particular sheets,

• wherein the punching tool set comprises a punching die as well as a punching punch dipping into the punching die during workpiece machining, and the punching die has a die opening which is delimited by a die cutting edge and which extends in the direction of insertion of the punching punch,
• wherein the punching die has arisen by machining a precursor punching die with removal of material on the precursor punching die and associated displacement of the die cutting edge in the dipping direction and changing the cross section of the die opening at the level of the die cutting edge ("die cutting edge cross section") and
• on the other hand, depending on the die cutting edge cross section on the one hand and the cross section of the punch and / or the workpiece thickness to be penetrated during workpiece machining, a punch stamp assignment and / or a workpiece thickness assignment of the punch die is undertaken.

The invention further relates to a computer program product for carrying out said method, a method for managing punching tools, a method for setting up a punching device of a punching machine and a method for punching machining of workpieces, in particular sheets. Finally, the invention relates to a punching die and a punching machine for punching machining of workpieces, in particular sheets, and a machining program for operating a punching machine of the type mentioned.

US 6,401,056 B1 describes the collection of information about punches during tool life. Included are, among other things, regrinding operations on punching dies as well as the size-related development of the punching die height associated with the regrinding. In particular, the acquired tool data is to enable the tool user to determine the time at which a punching tool must be repaired or replaced.

In practice, stamping dies are generally used with a die opening, the wall of which runs under a so-called "clearance angle" with respect to the wall of the stamping punch dipping into the die opening. The clearance angle is intended to ensure that the punched out material reliably leave the punching die and that the punch can return to its original position without hindrance after penetrating the workpiece to be machined and the associated immersion in the die opening of the punching die. In interest As high as possible process reliability during punching, the clearance angle on stamping dies would be as large as possible.

Re-grinding of punching dies is carried out in particular due to signs of wear on the die cutting edge and is connected to the cutting die with a material removal in the dipping direction of the punch. Due to the clearance angle, the material removal is accompanied by an enlargement of the cross section of the die opening at the level of the die cutting edge ("die cutting edge cross section"). At the same time, the die cutting edge cross section is decisive for the assignment of the punching die to a cooperating punch ("stamping punch assignment") or for the thickness of the workpiece which can be machined by means of the punching die and the punch punch associated therewith ("workpiece thickness assignment"). For example, in the case of a punching tool set comprising a punch with a circular cross section and a punching die with a circular die opening in the cross section, a cutting gap with a gap width depending on the material thickness to be processed ideally remains between the die cutting edge of the punching die and the punch. For example, if a circular punched hole with a diameter of 5 mm is to be inserted into a 2 mm thick sheet metal, a punching tool set is provided for this purpose which comprises a round punch with a diameter of 5 mm and a punching die with a circular die opening whose die cutting edge has a diameter of 5.2 mm.

The punching tool users are kept for individual processing tasks, such as a specific sheet thickness and a specific punch diameter, punching tool sets that are designed specifically for the respective machining task. A re-sharpening of the punching die of such a punching tool set, for example, due wear on the die cutting edge is provided only to an extent in which the enlargement of the die cutting edge cross section associated with the regrinding of the cutting die does not result in an excessively large cutting gap between the die cutting edge and the associated punch.

Due to the clearance angle of the punching die, however, the die cutting edge cross-section already expands due to a slight regrinding of the punching die to a value which, given the punching punch, must not be exceeded in the interest of high-quality machining results. In the case of an excessively wide cutting gap, only lower quality machining results would be possible by means of the punching tool set. Once the size of the die-cutting edge cross-section has reached its limit, it is customary to refrain from further regrinding and instead remove the die from the inventory and scrapp it.

To extend the useful life of punching dies is the object of the present invention.

This object is achieved according to the invention by the subject matters of independent claims 1, 5, 6, 7, 11, 12, 13 and 17.

According to claim 1, the change of the die-cutting edge cross-section associated with the post-processing is taken into account when assembling a punching tool set from a punch and from a punching die produced by post-processing a predecessor punching die. Starting from the die cutting edge cross section of the predecessor punching die, the die cutting edge cross section of the die cutting edge cross section (resulting from the postprocessing change of the die cutting edge cross section) results from the postprocessing resulting) punching die. This "current" die cutting edge cross-section forms the basis for the punch stamp assignment and / or the workpiece thickness assignment of the punching die. It is conceivable that the punching die is assigned to a different punch than the predecessor punching die due to the post-processing and the associated material removal. Additionally or alternatively, the punching die can be assigned to a different workpiece thickness than the predecessor punching die. In any case, it is ensured that the post-processed, in particular the reground punching die is also used to assemble punching tool sets. The cancellation according to the invention of a rigid bonding of punching dies to certain punches and / or to certain workpiece thicknesses results in a maximization of the service life of the punching dies.

As shown in claim 5, the method described in claim 1 for defining a punching tool set is performed numerically controlled. The subject of claim 5 is provided for this purpose computer program product.

Claim 6 relates to a method for managing punching tools for punching machining of workpieces, in particular of sheets. The method according to the invention for defining punching tool sets is integrated into the method for tool management. Such an integration is particularly recommended in view of the fact that the tool data required for defining punching tool sets are also needed or provided elsewhere in a method for managing punching tools.

According to claim 7, the inventive method for defining punch sets is used in setting up punching devices on punching machines. So when setting up a punching device first to define the punching tool set with which the punching device is to equip.

As shown in claim 11, the inventive method for defining punch sets and the inventive method for setting up punching devices on punching machines in a process for punching machining of workpieces, in particular sheets are integrated. In the course of such a machining process, the punching tools that are used for workpiece machining are first to be determined and installed on the punching device of the punching machine in question before the actual workpiece machining can be recorded.

According to claim 12, the invention relates to a punching die, the punching stamp assignment and / or the workpiece thickness assignment is provided depending on the associated with a post-processing of the punching die change of Matrizen cutting edge cross-section. The meaning of this feature of the invention has been explained above in connection with claim 1. The punching machine according to the invention (claim 13) makes use of a punching die according to the invention.

According to claim 17, the punching machine according to the invention is operated numerically controlled. If the machining program according to the invention runs on a numerical control of the punching machine, then the adjusting devices according to the invention and the lifting device according to the invention are controlled in the sense of the invention.

Particular embodiments of the methods and devices described in the independent claims will become apparent from the dependent claims 2 to 4, 8 to 10 and 14 to 16.

The change in the die cutting edge cross section associated with machining the precursor die may be of a different nature.

According to claim 2 results from the post-processing of the predecessor die a change in the size of the die cutting edge cross-section. Accordingly, the punch stamp assignment and / or the workpiece thickness assignment of the post-processed punching die is made in response to the change in the size of the die cutting edge cross-section associated with the post-processing.

The reason for a change in the size of the die cutting edge cross-section caused by the post-processing can be a clearance angle under which the wall of the die opening runs on the predecessor punch die with respect to the wall of the punch piercing the die opening. In this case, the punch stamp assignment and / or the workpiece thickness assignment of the punching die according to the invention is carried out as a function of the amount of the clearance angle (claim 3). With the help of simple trigonometric functions can be determined from the clearance angle and from the height of the material removal achieved in the reworking in the dipping direction of the punch, the dimensional change of the die cutting edge cross-section associated with the post-processing. Based on the dimensional change can be determined based on the original size of the Matrizen-cutting edge cross-section adjusting the result of the post-processing size of the Matrizen-cutting edge cross-section.

According to claim 4, the machining-related change of the die cutting edge cross section is in a change in shape. Accordingly, the punch stamp assignment and / or the workpiece thickness assignment becomes depending on the change in the shape of the die cutting edge cross-section associated with the post-processing.

The punching tool sets defined in the described manner are to be arranged on a punching device of the punching machine according to the invention such that they can perform the desired workpiece machining.

According to claim 8, a tool holder is used for this purpose, on which the punching die and the punch of the previously defined punching tool set are arranged away from the punching device. Subsequently, the punching tool set is transferred by means of the tool holder to the punching device of the punching machine.

Additionally or alternatively, it is possible to transfer the punching die and the punch of a defined punching tool set of tool bearings of the punching device in a workable state (claim 9). In this case, the punching die and the punch on the tool bearings of the punching device are positioned relative to each other such that there is the required for subsequent workpiece machining mutual assignment of punching die and punch.

In the arrangement of the punching die on the punching device of the punching machine, the material removal associated with the post-processing of the predecessor punching die is taken into account in the punching die in a development of the invention. Due to the material removal, the height of the punch die measured in the direction of insertion of the punch decreases and the die cutting edge shifts accordingly. The height of the die cutting edge on the punch facing the top The punching die is important for workpiece machining in several respects. For example, the height of the die cutting edge is required in order to be able to measure the amount of the punching stroke to be executed by the punch. It must also be ensured that the top side of the punching die does not protrude above a workpiece support on which the workpiece is mounted in the surroundings of the punching device, for example during subsequent movements which the workpiece performs between individual punching strokes relative to the punching device. The above aspects are taken into account when setting up the punching device of a punching machine according to the invention by positioning the punching die on the punching device of the punching machine in the dipping direction of the associated punching punch depending on the height of the material removal carried out during the finishing operation (claim 10).

For mutual positioning of the punching die and the punch of a defined punching tool set corresponding punching devices are provided on punching machines according to the invention.

If the stamping punch assigned to a punching die is part of a punching punch assembly comprising a plurality of punching dies, the setting device serves to position the punching punch assembly and the punching die relative to one another in such a way that the punching die and the punching punch of the defined punching tool set can cooperate with the relevant workpiece machining (claim 14).

If the punching die is part of a punching die arrangement comprising a plurality of punching dies, the punching die arrangement on the one hand and the punching die of the defined punching tool set on the other hand are positioned such that the punching die of the defined punching tool set and the associated punch are functional (claim 15).

The height adjustment of the punching die on the punching device of the punching machine, which is carried out as a function of the amount of material removal during the post-processing, is realized according to the invention by means of a corresponding lifting device of the punching machine (claim 16).

Fig. 1:

Eine Stanzmaschine in teilweise aufgebrochener Darstellung mit einem aus einem Stanzstempel und aus einer Stanzmatrize bestehenden Stanz-werkzeugsatz an einer Stanzstation,

Fign. 2a, 2b, 2c:

eine Stanzmatrize erster Bauart zur Verwendung an einer Stanzmaschine gemäß Fig. 1,

Fign. 3a, 3b:

eine Stanzmatrizenanordnung erster Bauart zur Verwendung an einer Stanzmaschine gemäß Fig. 1,

Fign. 4a, 4b:

eine Stanzmatrizenanordnung zweiter Bauart zur Verwendung an einer Stanzmaschine gemäß Fig. 1,

Fig. 5:

die Stanzmatrizenanordnung gemäß den Fign. 3a, 3b zur Erläuterung der Stanzstempelzuordnung und/oder der Blechdickenzuordnung von Stanzmatrizen der Stanzmatrizenanordnung,

Fig. 6:

einen Stanzwerkzeugsatz bestehend aus einem Stanzstempel und aus einer Stanzmatrize gemäß den Fign. 2a, 2b, 2c an einem Werkzeughalter,

Fign. 7a, 7b:

einen Stanzwerkzeugsatz bestehend aus einem Stanzstempel und aus einer Stanzmatrize einer Stanzmatrizenanordnung gemäß den Fign. 3a, 3b und

Fig. 8:

einen Stanzwerkzeugsatz bestehend aus einem Stanzstempel einer Stanzstempelanordnung und aus einer Stanzmatrize einer Stanzmatrizenanordnung gemäß den Fign. 3a, 3b.

The invention will be explained in more detail below with reference to exemplary schematic illustrations. Show it:

Fig. 1:

A punching machine in a partially broken view with a stamping tool set consisting of a punch and a punching die at a punching station,

FIGS. 2a, 2b, 2c:

a punching die of the first type for use on a punching machine according to Fig. 1 .

FIGS. 3a, 3b:

a punching die assembly of the first type for use on a punching machine according to Fig. 1 .

FIGS. 4a, 4b:

a punching die assembly of the second type for use on a punching machine according to Fig. 1 .

Fig. 5:

the punching die arrangement according to FIGS. 3a, 3b to explain the punch stamp assignment and / or the sheet thickness assignment of punching dies of the punching die assembly,

Fig. 6:

a punching tool set consisting of a punch and a punching die according to the FIGS. 2a, 2b, 2c on a tool holder,

FIGS. 7a, 7b:

a punching tool set consisting of a punch and a punching die of a punching die assembly according to FIGS. 3a, 3b and

Fig. 8:

a punching tool set consisting of a punch of a punch assembly and a punching die of a punching die assembly according to the FIGS. 3a, 3b ,

According to Fig. 1 has a punching machine 1 for punching machining workpieces in the form of sheets 2, a C-shaped machine frame 3 with an upper frame leg 4 and a lower frame legs 5. In a pharynx 6 of the machine frame 3, a conventional coordinate guide 7 is housed. As usual, this includes a transverse rail guide 8 and a transverse rail 9 guided thereon. The transverse rail guide 8 can be moved together with the transverse rail 9 in the direction of a horizontal y-axis by means of a drive motor, not shown. The cross rail 9 can be moved by means of a likewise not shown drive motor along the transverse rail guide 8 in the direction of a horizontal and thereby perpendicular to the y-axis extending x-axis.

At the cross rail 9 clamping claws 10 of conventional design for holding a sheet 2 are provided. In addition, the cross rail 9 serves as a tool magazine. For this purpose, 9 tool holders on the cross rail 11 removably attached. In detail, a tool holder 11 is in Fig. 7 shown.

At the free ends of the upper frame leg 4 and the lower frame leg 5 is a punching device designed as punching station 12 is located. The punching station 12 is a Monostanzkopf. Accordingly, the punching station 12 includes tool bearings in the form of an upper tool holder 13 on the upper frame leg 4 and in the form of a lower tool holder 14 on the lower frame leg fifth

In the example shown, a punch 15 and in the lower tool holder 14 a punching die 16 are loaded into the upper tool holder 13. Together, the punch 15 and the punching die 16 form a punching tool set 17. The punching die 16 is in detail in the FIGS. 2a, 2b, 2c shown. Fig. 7 shows the punching die 16 in combination with the punch 15.

An electric rotary / lifting drive 18 of the punching machine 1 comprises an upper electrical rotary / lifting drive unit 19 and a lower electric rotary / lifting drive unit 20. By means of the upper rotary / lifting drive unit 19, the punching tool which is inserted into the upper tool holder 13, in the present case the punch 15, along a running in the direction of a vertical z-axis lifting axis 21 and lowered and also rotated in a direction of rotation 22 illustrated by a double arrow about the lifting axis 21. Accordingly, the punching die inserted into the lower tool holder 14, in this case the punching die 16, can be moved translationally along the lifting axis 21 by means of the lower rotary / lifting drive unit 20 and rotate about the lifting axis 21 in the direction of rotation 22.

All essential functions of the punching machine 1 are numerically controlled. Provided for this purpose is an in Fig. 1 indicated CNC control 23.

According to the FIGS. 2a, 2b is the punching die 16 of conventional design. It has a circular cutting edge 24 which in the illustrated case is circular, which in turn delimits a die opening 25 with a circular cross section. The die opening 25 extends in the installed position on the punching machine 1 in the direction of the lifting axis 21. Along the lifting axis 21 of the punch 15 dives in the sheet metal processing in the die opening 25 a. An arrow 26 points in FIG. 2b In the usual way, the die cutting edge 24 of the punching die 16 and a corresponding circular punch cutting edge act under stamping processing of the sheet 2 concerned together in the punching sheet metal processing.

Starting from the level of the die cutting edge 24, the die opening 25 widens in the dipping direction 26, forming a clearance angle α, which is greatly oversubscribed. Accordingly, the die opening 25 has a frusto-conical shape. The clearance angle α is to ensure that punched slugs which are punched out of a machined sheet 2 by means of the die cutting edge 24 function reliably out of the punching die 16 at the bottom.

In Figure 2c the amount of the diameter of the die opening 25 at the level of the die cutting edge 24 and thus the size of the die cutting edge cross-section with "d" and the height of the punching die 16 measured along the lifting axis 21 are designated by "h".

As in Fig. 2c indicated by dashed lines, the punching die 16 has resulted by post-processing a predecessor punching die 16 'with a height h ₀ . As part of this post-processing, the precursor punching die 16 'was reground due to wear on the die cutting edge. In this case 26 material with an erosion height of Δh was removed on the precursor punching die 16 'in the direction of insertion 26. Owing to the clearance angle α, an increase of the die cutting edge cross-section or of the die cutting edge diameter from d ₀ to d was associated with the material removal.

Eine entsprechende Vergrößerung des Durchmessers der Matrizenschneidkante 24 wird sich ergeben, wenn die Stanzmatrize 16 ausgehend von ihren Abmessungen gemäß den Fign. 2a, 2b, 2c erneut um das Maß Δh nachgeschliffen wird.The diameter increase can be determined using simple trigonometric functions. For example, the diameter increase of the die cutting edge diameter is increased $$\mathrm{.DELTA.d}\mathrm{=}\mathrm{d}\mathrm{-}{\mathrm{d}}_{\mathrm{0}}\mathrm{=}\mathrm{2}\mathrm{*}\mathrm{tan\; \alpha }\mathrm{*}\mathrm{.delta.h}\mathrm{.}\mathrm{where\; \Delta h}\mathrm{=}{\mathrm{H}}_{\mathrm{O}}\mathrm{-}\mathrm{H}\mathrm{,}$$

A corresponding increase in the diameter of the die cutting edge 24 will result if the punching die 16, starting from their dimensions in accordance with FIGS. 2a, 2b, 2c is reground again by the amount Δh.

In the same way, a material removal on cutting plates in the form of punching die arrangements 27, 28, as in the FIGS. 3a, 3b and 4a, 4b are shown. The FIGS. 3a, 4a show the punching template assemblies 27, 28 in section along the in the FIGS. 3b, 4b indicated cutting lines.

In the punching die assemblies 27, 28 each ten punching dies 27/1 ... 27/10 or 28/1 ... 28/10 are integrated. Each of them has a die opening 25 with a die cutting edge 24 of the FIGS. 2a, 2b, 2c The die opening 25 of each punching die 27/1 ... 27/10, 28/1 ... 28/10 forms a clearance angle α. Incidentally, the punching die arrangements 27, 28 are as far as possible identical. The only constructive difference is an elevation of the punching die assembly 28 relative to the punching die assembly 27. Thus, the punching die assembly 28 provides a larger regrinding reserve.

The course of the lifting axis 21, which simultaneously represents a rotation axis, is in the FIGS. 3a, 3b and 4a, 4b indicated. The die openings 25 of the punching dies 27/1 ... 27/10, 28/1 ... 28/10 are arranged with their centers on a circular arc about the lifting or rotation axis 21.

Depending on the size d of the die cutting edge cross-section or diameter, the punching die 16 are in accordance with FIGS. 2a, 2b, 2c and the punching dies 27/1 ... 27/10 and 28/1 ... 28/10 according to the FIGS. 3a, 3b and 4a, 4b a specific punch ("punch stamp assignment") and / or a specific workpiece, in the present case a specific sheet thickness ("workpiece thickness assignment", here: "sheet thickness assignment") assigned.

Decisive for the punch or for the sheet thickness assignment of the punching die 16, 27/1 ... 27/10, 28/1 ... 28/10 is the processing task to be solved.

For example, if circular cut-outs are to be produced on metal sheets, the punch stamp assignment and / or the workpiece thickness assignment of a punching die is made as a function of the diameter of the punching to be produced and moreover as a function of the thickness of the sheet to be punched. The diameter of the punch to be created specifies the matching punch diameter of the punch to be used. The thickness of the metal sheet to be processed is decisive insofar as in the interest of a functionally reliable workpiece machining of the die cutting edge diameter the punch diameter of the punch to be combined with the punching die must exceed by a dependent of the sheet thickness to be processed measure.

In view of these relationships, it is readily apparent that a change in the die cutting edge diameter, as resulting from the regrinding of punch dies with a clearance angle, may necessitate a change in the die assignment and / or the sheet thickness assignment of the punching die concerned.

In Fig. 5 the punching die arrangement 27 or the punching die arrangement 28 identical in this view with the punching die arrangement 27 is shown. The die openings 25 of the punching dies 27/1 ... 27/10, 28/1 ... 28/10 are dimensioned with the respective die cutting edge diameter before and after a regrinding process. The die cutting edge diameter of the individual punching dies 27/1 ... 27/10, 28/1 ... 28/10 has accordingly increased by 0.2 mm in each case owing to the material removal associated with the regrinding.

If the stamping die assignment of the punching dies 27/1 ... 27/10, 28/1 ... 28/10 remained unchanged regardless of the regrinding process, then only the sheet-metal thickness assignment of the punching dies 27/1 ... 27/10, 28/1 would be left. ..28 / 10 to change. When using a round punch with a nominal diameter of 4 mm, the punching dies 27/1 ... 27/10, 28/1 ... 28/10 could be used instead of the sheet thicknesses 1 mm, 2 mm ... 10 mm before regrinding Following the post-processing sheet thicknesses of 3 mm, 4 mm ... 12 mm can be machined.

If the sheet thickness assignment of the punching dies 27/1 ... 27/10, 28/1 ... 28/10 is maintained despite the regrinding of the punching die arrangements 27, 28, then the stamping punch assignment of the punching dies 27/1 ... 27/10, 28/1 ... 28/10 to change. If sheet metal thicknesses of 1 mm, 2 mm ... 10 mm are also to be processed following finishing, the punching dies are 27/1 ... 27/10, 28/1 ... 28/10 following the post-processing To assign a punch with a punch diameter of 4.2 mm.

In addition to changes only the workpiece thickness assignment or excluding the punch combination, changes in both the Werkstückdicken- and the punch combination are conceivable. A large number of assignment changes is possible.

A punch stamp assignment and / or a sheet thickness assignment of the punching dies 16, 27/1 ... 27/10, 28/1 ... 28/10 is carried out as part of a computer-aided tool management. In a data memory of a numeric tool management system 32 ( Fig. 1 ) are stored the essential data of the tools held by the operator of the punching machine 1 tool inventory. In particular, the individual tools assigned identification numbers ("ident numbers"), the dimensions of the respective tool when new and the regrinding length of the individual tools, ie the amount in millimeters, which has been removed on the respective tool, starting from the new state in particular due to wear.

The database of the tool management system 32 is changeable. For example, additional tools can be created in the tool management or created tools can be removed from the inventory. In the case of reworking tools, the re-grinding length is entered for the tool in question and recorded in the data memory of the tool management system 32. The regrinding length, for example, of punching dies is limited for design reasons. If the maximum regrinding length is reached, this will relevant tool no longer post-processed but then, if a post-processing would be required to be taken from the inventory. In the case of punching dies with clearance angle determines a calculator of the tool management system 32 based on the entered regrinding length and based on the deposited in the tool management system 32 amount of clearance angle the resulting as a result of reworking diameter of the die opening.

If a sheet metal 2 is to be machined on the punching machine 1, a numerical machining program to be processed by means of the CNC control 23 of the punching machine 1, namely an NC program 33 (FIG. Fig. 1 ) created. In this context, a tool requirement list is also generated in which all tools required for the execution of the NC program 33 are entered. To create the tool requirement list, use is made of the tool data stored in the tool management system 32. If a circular punch-out with the diameter d is to be created on a sheet 2 with the thickness s, a round punch with the nominal diameter d is selected from the tool stock that is created in the tool management system 32. This is assigned from the tool inventory of the tool management system 32 a punching die with a circular die opening whose nominal diameter is greater by s / 10 than the nominal diameter d of the punch. The punching die selected can be a stamping tool in the new state, but also a post-processed punching tool whose die opening has only been given the required nominal diameter due to the material removal carried out during the post-processing.

The selected punching tools appear with their identification numbers in the tool requirement list of the NC program 33 to be imported into the CNC controller 23 and to be processed by means of the CNC controller 23. On the basis of these identification numbers, the operator of the punching machine 1 can assemble the punching tool set defined by means of the data of the tool management system 32 in order to set up the punching device 12. For this purpose, the operator accesses the punching tools of, for example, a tool cabinet housed in a tool inventory.

On the in Fig. 6 As shown, the operator places the selected punching tool set 17 on a tool holder 11. According to Fig. 6 In addition to the punch 15 and the punching die 16, a scraper 29 is fixed to the tool holder 11. With the punch 15, the punching die 16 and the wiper 29 of the tool holder 11 is attached to the used as a tool magazine cross rail 9 of the punching machine 1. In a corresponding manner, the other magazine locations are fitted to the cross rail 9 with tool holders 11 and punching tool sets arranged thereon. The distribution of the individual tool holder 11 with the respective punching tool sets on the magazine locations on the cross rail 9 is defined in the context of the setup process for the punching machine 1.

After setting up the tool magazine on the cross rail 9 of the punching machine 1 of the first punching tool set 17 required in the context of the sheet metal processing to be carried out and the punch die 15 and the punching die 16 comprehensive replacement of the punching station 12 of the punching machine 1. For this purpose, the cross rail 9 moves numerically controlled to the punching station 12, where the punch 15 and the punching die 16 are transferred in a conventional manner to the upper tool holder 13 and to the lower tool holder 14. Also, the scraper 29 is installed at the punching station 12.

Subsequently, the cross rail 9 moves with the now empty tool holder 11 in a position in which the sheet 2 to be processed by means of the cross rail 9 also provided clamping claws 10 can be detected. This results in the conditions according to Fig. 1 , Immediately by the replacement in the upper tool holder 13 and in the lower tool holder 14 of the punch 15 and the punching die 16 are arranged in a workable state. Such a height adjustment may be necessary in particular if the punching die 16 is a post-processed punching die and the lower tool holding fixture 14 still has its predecessor punching die with regard to its height adjustment is tuned. In this case, the lower tool holder 14 is lifted by means of acting as a lifting device lower rotary / lifting drive unit 20 by the extent of the material removal carried out in the post-processing of the predecessor of the punching die 16. Alternatively, it is possible to insert a material removal compensating pad for the punching die 16 in the lower tool holder 14 before replacing the punching die 16.

After arranging the punch 15 and the punching die 16 in a workable state, the sheet 2 to be processed is positioned in the usual way by means of the coordinate guide 7 and then processed by the punch 15 with one or more strokes.

Instead of from the punch 15 and the punching die 16 existing punching tool set 17 according to Fig. 6 can also use a punching tool 17, as in the FIGS. 7a, 7b is shown, are used. This punching tool set 17 comprises one of the punching dies 27/1 ... 27/10 of the punching die arrangement 27 according to FIGS FIGS. 3a, 3b such as an eccentric punch 30. For clarity, are in the FIGS. 7a, 7b on the punching die assembly 27 only five of the total of ten punching dies 27/1 ... 27/10 shown.

Also in the definition of the punching dies 17 consisting of the punching dies 27/1 ... 27/10 and the eccentric punch 30, reference is made to the tool data of the tool management system 32 available for the punching machine 1. Post-processing of the punching die assembly 27 is optionally taken into account in the stamping punch assignment or in the sheet thickness assignment of the punching dies 27/1 ... 27/10.

In the above to Fig. 6 described manner, the punching die assembly 27 and the eccentric punch 30 are attached to a tool holder 11 and fixed by means of the tool holder 11 on the cross rail 9 of the punching machine 1. By moving the cross rail 9, the eccentric punch 30 is loaded into the upper tool holder 13 and the punching die assembly 27 into the lower tool holder 14 of the punching station 12. The height position of the punching die assembly 27 is adjusted if necessary by means of the lower rotary / lifting drive unit 20.

Deviating from the conditions according to Fig. 6 is the punching tool set according to the FIGS. 7a, 7b after being replaced by a relative movement of the punching die assembly 27 on the one hand and the eccentric punch 30 on the other hand arranged in a workable state. The said relative movement is a relative rotational movement about the lifting axis 21. In the example shown, the relative rotational movement is carried out by means of the upper rotary / lifting drive unit 19. This can move the eccentric punch 30 about the lifting axis 21 in rotational positions in which the eccentric Punch 30 for sheet metal processing with each of the punching dies 27/1 ... 27/10 can interact.

According to Fig. 8 the eccentric punch 30 is part of a punch assembly 31 which cooperates with the punching die assembly 27. In the punching operation, only one of the punches of the punch assembly 31 is activated and assigned to the workpiece machining one of the punching dies 27/1 ... 27/10. Also in the case of arrangement after Fig. 8 the punching tool set 17 used for workpiece machining is arranged in a workable state by relative rotation of the upper tool (punch 30 of the punch assembly 31) and lower tool (one of the punching dies 27/1 ... 27/10 of the punching die assembly 27).

Claims (17)

Method for defining a punching tool set (17) for punching workpieces, in particular sheets (2), • wherein the punching tool set (17) has a punching die (16, 27/1 ... 27/10, 28/1 ... 28/10) as well as a workpiece in a dipping direction (26) in the punching die (16, 27 /1...27/10, 28/1 ... 28/10) and the punching die (16, 27/1 ... 27/10, 28/1 ... 28 / 10) has a die opening (25) delimited by a die cutting edge (24), which extends in the direction of insertion of the punch (16, 30), Wherein the punching die (16, 27/1 ... 27/10, 28/1 ... 28/10) is machined by machining a precursor punching die with removal of material on the precursor punching die and with displacement of the die cutting edge ( 24) in the dipping direction (26) and changing the cross-section of the die opening (25) at the level of the die cutting edge (24) ("die-cutting edge cross-section") has arisen and On the other hand, depending on the die cutting edge cross section on the one hand and the cross section of the punching punch (15, 30) and / or the workpiece thickness to be penetrated during workpiece machining, a punch stamp assignment and / or a workpiece thickness assignment of the punching die (16, 27/1 ... 27 / 10, 28/1 ... 28/10) characterized in that
the punching stamp assignment and / or the workpiece thickness assignment of the punching die (16, 27/1 ... 27/10, 28/1 ... 28/10) depending on the machining of the predecessor punching die associated change of Matrizen cutting edge cross-section is made. A method according to claim 1, characterized in that the punch assignment and / or the workpiece thickness assignment of the punching die (16, 27/1 ... 27/10, 28/1 ... 28/10) depending on the with the processing of the predecessor Stanzmatrize associated change in the size of the die cutting edge cross-section is made. Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the size of the cross-section of the die opening (25) on the punching die (16, 27/1 ... 27/10, 28 /1...28/10) changes due to a clearance angle (α), below which the wall of the die opening (25) opposite to the wall of the punch (15, 30) in the direction of dipping (26) and that the punch stamp assignment and / or the workpiece thickness assignment of the punching die (16, 27/1 ... 27/10, 28/1 ... 28/10) is made as a function of the amount of the clearance angle (α). Method according to one of the preceding claims. characterized in that in the immersion direction (26) of the punch (15, 30), the shape of the cross section of the die opening (25) on the punching die (16, 27/1 ... 27/10, 28/1 ... 28 / 10) and that the punch assignment and / or the workpiece thickness assignment of the punch die (16, 27/1 ... 27/10, 28/1 ... 28/10) changes depending on the change associated with machining the precursor punch die the shape of the Matrizen-cutting edge cross-section is made. A computer program product having coding means adapted to perform all the steps of the method of any one of claims 1 to 4 when the computer program product is operated on a data processing system. Method for managing punching tools for machining workpieces, in particular sheets (2), wherein at least one punching die (16, 27/1 ... 27/10, 28/1 ... 28/10) as punching tools and a plurality of Punch punches (15, 30) are provided and wherein punching tool sets (17) are defined, each of which a punching die (16, 27/1 ... 27/10, 28/1 ... 28/10) and a punch (15, 30), characterized in that the punching tool sets (17) are defined by the method according to one of claims 1 to 4. Method for setting up a punching device (12) of a punching machine (1) for punching workpieces, in particular sheets (2), with a punching tool set (17) having a punching die (16, 27/1 ... 27/10, 28 /1...28/10) and a punch (15, 30), wherein the punching tool set (17) is defined and wherein the punching die (16, 27/1 ... 27/10, 28/1 ... 28/10) and the punch (15, 30) of a defined punching tool set (17) on tool bearings (13, 14) of the punching device (12) are arranged in a workable state, characterized in that the punching tool sets (17) according to the method one of claims 1 to 4 are defined. A method according to claim 7, characterized in that the punching die (16, 27/1 ... 27/10, 28/1 ... 28/10) and the punch (15, 30) of a defined punching tool set (17) to the Tool bearings (13, 14) of the punching device (12) are arranged in a machinable state by the punching die (16, 27/1 ... 27/10, 28/1 ... 28/10) and the punch (15, 30) away from the punching device (12) on a common tool holder (11) and then by means of the tool holder (11) on the tool bearings (13, 14) of the punching device (12) are arranged. A method according to claim 7 or claim 8, characterized in that the punching die (16, 27/1 ... 27/10, 28/1 ... 28/10) and the punch (15, 30) of a defined punching tool set (17 ) are arranged on the tool supports (13, 14) of the punching device (12) in a workable state by the punching die (16, 27/1 ... 27/10, 28/1 ... 28/10) and the punch (15, 30) on the tool bearings (13, 14) of the punching device (12) are positioned relative to each other. Method according to one of claims 7 to 9, characterized in that the punching die (16, 27/1 ... 27/10, 28/1 ... 28/10) of a defined punching tool set (17) on the punching device (12) the punching machine (1) is positioned in the dipping direction (26) of the associated punching punch (15, 30) as a function of the height of the material removal during the processing of the preceding punching die. Method for stamping workpieces, in particular sheets (2) by means of a punching device (12) of a punching machine (1), wherein a punching tool set (17) defines and wherein the punching device (12) is set up with the defined punching tool set (17) a workpiece to be machined by means of the punching tool set (17) for punching Machining is applied, characterized in that the punching tool set (17) is defined by the method according to one of claims 1 to 4 and / or that the punching device (12) is established by the method according to one of claims 7 to 10. Punching die for punching workpieces, in particular sheets (2), with a die opening (25) delimited by a die cutting edge (24), which extends in a dipping direction (26) of a punch (15, 30) and whose cross section is in the dipping direction (26) of the punch (15, 30) changes, • wherein the punching die (16, 27/1 ... 27/10, 28/1 ... 28/10) with removal of material in the dipping direction (26) of the punch (15, 30) and associated with displacement of the dies Cutting edge (24) in the dipping direction (26) and changing the cross section of the die opening (25) at the level of Matrizenschneidkante (24) ("die cutting edge cross section") is reworked and • wherein for the punching die (16, 27/1 ... 27/10, 28/1 ... 28/10) depending on the Matrizen cutting edge cross section on the one hand and the cross section of a punch (15,30) and / or the on the other hand, a punch stamp assignment and / or a workpiece thickness assignment is provided in workpiece machining for workpiece thickness to be penetrated, characterized in that
the punch-stamp assignment and / or the workpiece thickness assignment of the punching die (16, 27/1 ... 27/10, 28/1 ... 28/10) depending on the post-processing of the punching die (16, 27/1 ... 27/10, 28/1 ... 28/10) associated change of the Matrizen cutting edge cross-section is provided. Punching machine for punching machining of workpieces, in particular sheets (2), with a punching tool set (17) for the punching workpiece processing, a punching die (16, 27/1 ... 27/10, 28/1 ... 28/10 ) as well as a punching punch (15, 30) immersed in workpiece processing in a dipping direction (26) into the punching die (16, 27/1 ... 27/10, 28/1 ... 28/10), characterized in that the punching die (16, 27/1 ... 27/10, 28/1 ... 28/10) according to claim 12 is provided as a punching die. Punching machine according to claim 13, characterized in that the punching tool set (17) has a punch (30) of a punching arrangement (31) with a plurality of punches and the punching die (16, 27/1 ... 27/10, 28/1 ... 28 10) and in that an adjusting device (19, 20) is provided, by means of which the punching arrangement (31) and the punching die (16, 27/1 ... 27/10, 28/1 ... 28/10) in Dependent on the punch stamp assignment and / or the workpiece thickness assignment of the punching die (16, 27/1 ... 27/10, 28/1 ... 28/10) can be positioned relative to each other and thereby the punching die (16, 27/1 .. .27 / 10, 28/1 ... 28/10) and the associated punch (15, 30) can be arranged in an editable state. Punching machine according to claim 13 or claim 14, characterized in that the punching tool set (17) comprises a punch (30) and a punching die (27/1 ... 27/10, 28/1 ... 28/10) of a punching die arrangement (27 , 28) with a plurality of punching dies (27/1 ... 27/10, 28/1 ... 28/10) and that an adjusting device (19, 20) is provided, by means of which the punch (30) and the punching die arrangement (27, 28) depending on the Stanzstempelzuordnung and / or the workpiece thickness assignment of the punching die (27/1 ... 27/10, 28/1 ... 28/10) relative to each other positionable and thereby the punching die (27/1 ... 27/10, 28 / 1 ... 28/10) and the associated punch (15, 30) can be arranged in a workable state. Punching machine according to one of claims 13 to 15, characterized in that a lifting device (20) is provided, by means of which the punching die (16, 27/1 ... 27/10, 28/1 ... 28/10) in the dipping direction (26) of the associated punching punch (15, 30) in dependence on the height of the material removal on the punching die (16, 27/1 ... 27/10, 28/1 ... 28/10) is positionable. Machining program for operating the punching machine (1) according to one of claims 13 to 16, characterized in that control commands for the adjusting device (19, 20) for mutual positioning of the punch assembly (31) and the punching die (16, 27/1 ... 27 / 10, 28/1 ... 28/10) and / or corresponding control commands for the actuating device (19, 20) for the mutual positioning of the punching punch (15, 30) and the punching die arrangement (27, 28) and / or corresponding control commands for in which the lifting device (20) for positioning the punching die (16, 27/1 ... 27/10, 28/1 ... 28/10) in the insertion direction (26) of the punching punch (15, 30) are provided.

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