EP2091757B1 - Security document/card for identification and method for producing a security document/card - Google Patents

Security document/card for identification and method for producing a security document/card Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2091757B1
EP2091757B1 EP07846357.7A EP07846357A EP2091757B1 EP 2091757 B1 EP2091757 B1 EP 2091757B1 EP 07846357 A EP07846357 A EP 07846357A EP 2091757 B1 EP2091757 B1 EP 2091757B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
information
security element
card
card body
security
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Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP07846357.7A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP2091757A1 (en
Inventor
Hans Wyssmann
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Atlantic Zeiser GmbH
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Atlantic Zeiser GmbH
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B42—BOOKBINDING; ALBUMS; FILES; SPECIAL PRINTED MATTER
    • B42D—BOOKS; BOOK COVERS; LOOSE LEAVES; PRINTED MATTER CHARACTERISED BY IDENTIFICATION OR SECURITY FEATURES; PRINTED MATTER OF SPECIAL FORMAT OR STYLE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; DEVICES FOR USE THEREWITH AND NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; MOVABLE-STRIP WRITING OR READING APPARATUS
    • B42D25/00—Information-bearing cards or sheet-like structures characterised by identification or security features; Manufacture thereof
    • B42D25/40—Manufacture
    • B42D25/45—Associating two or more layers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B42—BOOKBINDING; ALBUMS; FILES; SPECIAL PRINTED MATTER
    • B42D—BOOKS; BOOK COVERS; LOOSE LEAVES; PRINTED MATTER CHARACTERISED BY IDENTIFICATION OR SECURITY FEATURES; PRINTED MATTER OF SPECIAL FORMAT OR STYLE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; DEVICES FOR USE THEREWITH AND NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; MOVABLE-STRIP WRITING OR READING APPARATUS
    • B42D25/00—Information-bearing cards or sheet-like structures characterised by identification or security features; Manufacture thereof
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B42—BOOKBINDING; ALBUMS; FILES; SPECIAL PRINTED MATTER
    • B42D—BOOKS; BOOK COVERS; LOOSE LEAVES; PRINTED MATTER CHARACTERISED BY IDENTIFICATION OR SECURITY FEATURES; PRINTED MATTER OF SPECIAL FORMAT OR STYLE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; DEVICES FOR USE THEREWITH AND NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; MOVABLE-STRIP WRITING OR READING APPARATUS
    • B42D25/00—Information-bearing cards or sheet-like structures characterised by identification or security features; Manufacture thereof
    • B42D25/20—Information-bearing cards or sheet-like structures characterised by identification or security features; Manufacture thereof characterised by a particular use or purpose
    • B42D25/23—Identity cards
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B42—BOOKBINDING; ALBUMS; FILES; SPECIAL PRINTED MATTER
    • B42D—BOOKS; BOOK COVERS; LOOSE LEAVES; PRINTED MATTER CHARACTERISED BY IDENTIFICATION OR SECURITY FEATURES; PRINTED MATTER OF SPECIAL FORMAT OR STYLE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; DEVICES FOR USE THEREWITH AND NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; MOVABLE-STRIP WRITING OR READING APPARATUS
    • B42D25/00—Information-bearing cards or sheet-like structures characterised by identification or security features; Manufacture thereof
    • B42D25/30—Identification or security features, e.g. for preventing forgery
    • B42D25/328—Diffraction gratings; Holograms
    • B42D2035/06—
    • B42D2035/08—

Definitions

  • the invention generally relates to a security document, in particular a card for identification, preferably an ID card, which may be, for example, an identity card or other identity cards, access permissions, etc., act.
  • the card comprises a card body, a security element applied to the card body, and planar information, which in turn is preferably word and / or image information.
  • the document US 2006/138243 A1 discloses a security document with a security element and area information.
  • the present invention relates to a method for producing a corresponding security document or a corresponding card.
  • the invention relates generally to security documents of any kind, in particular to identification cards.
  • identification cards For the sake of simplicity, the following is the card - as a synonym for a security document of any kind - the speech.
  • Security documents or cards of the generic type are well known in practice.
  • a card comprises individualizing information, which is usually arranged next to the security element.
  • the security element may be a pictorial security element, for example a hologram. The presence of a corresponding security element provides at least an indication of the authenticity of the card.
  • the present invention is therefore based on the object, a security document or a card for identification in such a way and further, that a degree of security against counterfeiting is created.
  • a check of the authenticity of the card is intended thereby with the eye, i. light-optical, be possible.
  • a procedure for the production of a corresponding card must be specified.
  • a certain degree of increased security against counterfeiting can be achieved by carrying out an at least partial superimposition of the security element, namely an overlaying of the security element by the word and / or image information.
  • the security element as a whole or at least partially visible, so that the defined scope of visibility of the security element provides an indication of the authenticity of the card.
  • at least part of the security element is destroyed in the case of unauthorized removal of the word and / or image information, for example by scratching off this information. If another word and / or image information is applied again, the original state of the security element can not be restored, so that its destruction is obvious.
  • a light-optical check, by the human eye is possible, and at the same time creating a relatively high level of protection against counterfeiting.
  • the information overlay or overlap the security element as a whole does not mean that the security element is no longer visible or recognizable.
  • an overlay can also be generated in such a way that the security element is indeed superimposed or covered, but its presence is recognizable.
  • the information is printed by inkjet printer, preferably full color.
  • the primary colors can be applied by independent printheads, preferably two printheads per color. Fast printing is possible with high-precision affixing of information.
  • the information is processed digitally and printed accordingly.
  • the information is applied over the entire area of the card or on the card body, this information can be at least partially transparent or partially transparent.
  • the information may include any image information, such as a passport photograph, a fingerprint, etc.
  • the card can be equipped with any biometric data.
  • the information includes fonts or font information, in any form and arrangement. Again, a significant degree of security against counterfeiting can be achieved, namely always in combination with the security element.
  • the information is generated by means of an ink with special optical effects, namely with effects that result from the physical phenomena of diffraction, refraction and / or reflection of light.
  • This can also increase the level of anti-counterfeiting, especially since it is extremely difficult to imitate the corresponding effects.
  • the effects arise in interaction with a background, for example with the surface of the card body, or in interaction with the security element. As a result, the degree of anti-counterfeiting security is once again considerably increased.
  • the information is applied by means of UV-curing inks.
  • UV-curing inks Such colors ensure fast curing on the card body or on the surface of the security element. An exact positioning of the color pigments is guaranteed.
  • any security elements can be applied to the card body or arranged in the card body.
  • the security element may be, for example, a hologram or a kinegram.
  • Corresponding security elements can be ideally combined with other information, namely by way of at least partial overprinting.
  • the security elements may be readable digital information associated with a flat volume, for example.
  • a data carrier can for example be adhesively bonded to the card body so that it is applied to the card body in the form of areal information. A subsequent overprinting with the aforementioned information is possible.
  • the surface of the card body containing the security element is processed for better adhesion with the ink forming the information.
  • Such a processing may include roughening the card body, in particular the surface of the security element, namely to accomplish a kind of mechanical gearing of the color forming the information with the surface of the card body.
  • the surface of the card body, in particular the surface of the security element is processed or provided with a chemical substance which promotes adhesion to the paint to be applied thereto. Physical effects, for example by irradiation, are also conceivable. Basically, it is about the influence of adhesion, for example by way of adhesion. In this case, it is necessary to reduce the energy of the resulting interface between the surface of the card body and the color, especially since an adhesive adhesion is accompanied by an energetic minimum in the interface.
  • the applied color reacts at least partially with the material of the card body, in particular with the material of the security element.
  • An intermediate layer formed by reaction also favors the adhesion of the ink to the card body.
  • Counterfeit security is promoted by another measure, namely a measure whereby the information printed on the card body is coated with a layer of clear lacquer.
  • the card body can be coated partially or completely with the layer of clearcoat.
  • the clearcoat could react chemically with the ink covered by the clearcoat. Again, a boundary layer could form to favor adhesion.
  • the boundary layer is partially formed, wherein the formation can take place according to a predetermined pattern.
  • the clearcoat preferably contains optical security information that provides a further level of anti-counterfeiting security. This security information in turn could correlate or "match" with the information and / or with the security element, so that it becomes extremely difficult in unauthorized removal of the clearcoat to bring about the correlation or the defined match when re-applying a clearcoat.
  • the clearcoat has a surface structure, optionally for shading or relief formation.
  • a surface structure can be produced, for example, by means of an inkjet printer, namely to the effect that the clearcoat is applied in thicker and thinner areas, which results in relief formation.
  • the clearcoat is repeatedly applied at least in regions by printing stations arranged one behind the other, in particular to form a relief. Any structures can be created on the surface of the map.
  • the inventive method solves the above object by the features of the independent claim 9. Thereafter - according to the inventive card - the information applied to the card body such that they at least partially overlay or overlap the security element, the security element as a whole or at least partially visible is.
  • FIG. 1 shown embodiment of a security document according to the invention in an embodiment of a card refers in concrete terms to an identity card, which may be any of the cards of the generic type, namely any so-called plastic cards act.
  • the card comprises a card body 1, which in turn may be any substrate.
  • the card body 1 is usually made of a plastic.
  • a security element 2 is applied, which is, for example, a hologram or a kinegram.
  • the security element 2 ensures a certain degree of security against counterfeiting.
  • the card body 1 carries areal information, which in concrete terms is word and / or picture information, as shown in the figure.
  • the information 3 overlaps or overlap the security element 2 and thereby the entire card body 1. Nevertheless, the security element 2 is completely or at least partially visible.
  • the at least partial superposition of the security element 2 with the information 3 ensures a further protection against counterfeiting, which goes beyond the mere presence of the security element 2.
  • This security protection results from the combination of security element 2 and information 3, according to which namely when removing the information 3, the security element 2 is at least partially damaged or even destroyed.
  • the security element 2 can be glued to the card body 1, for example, by means of a special adhesive. A welding of the security element 2 with the card body 1 is also conceivable.
  • the information 3 is printed on the card body 1 and thus also on the security element 2, wherein the printing is preferably carried out by means of inkjet printer.
  • the information 3 forming colors are UV-cured on the card body 1, so that a secure positioning of the individual pigments is guaranteed.
  • a multiple overprinting of the card body 1 is possible to produce special colors and color reliefs.
  • the security against counterfeiting is favored by a further measure, namely by a clearcoat 4, which collectively contains the information 3 together with the security element 2 covered.
  • the clearcoat 4 can also be applied by means of inkjet printers, even by multiple printing.
  • the clearcoat 4 may also contain anti-counterfeiting information, which may correlate or correspond to both the information 3 and the security element 2. A more far-reaching security against counterfeiting can thus be created.
  • the card body 1 At the in Fig. 2 shown embodiment of a card according to the invention, the card body 1 - at least partially - printed and / or equipped with a relief.
  • the security element 2 which ensures a certain degree of protection against forgery, can also - by itself - be printed or embossed.
  • the card body 1 and / or the security element 2 is / are printed, it is essential that the two parts are preferably printed with ink, in particular in the context of an industrially designed high-speed printing by means of inkjet. Colored printing is possible in the context of realizable digital printing, whereby different information can be printed.
  • the card body 1 may be an informational body. This information may be independent of the other information. It is also conceivable that this information is supplemented with information on the other parts. Specifically, the information 3 located on the card body 1 can be supplemented by information on the security element 2 to a more extensive partial information or to a total information.
  • Further information 3 can be applied by inkjet printing or a suitably designed digital print, with the involvement of the security element 2.
  • a clear coat 4 is applied, which is to be regarded as a further measure to favor the protection against counterfeiting and insofar as surface protection.
  • the card body 1 can be equipped with any structures, reliefs or the like. Also, the card body 1 may already be printed, with any types of printing can be realized. The surface of the card body 1 could also be printed by offset printing technology.
  • a special security protection results from the fact that the card body 1 and the security element 2 complement each other in their information or their structure, with all or part of the information 3 being applied by means of ink-jet printing. Consequently, the security element 2 is wholly or at least partially integrated in the overall printing and thus in the appearance of the card.
  • the clearcoat 4 is a kind of seal, wherein the clearcoat 4 may be pigmented per se.
  • Fig. 3 is different from the one in Fig. 2 shown embodiment in that the card body 1 as a blank card body as shown in FIG Fig. 1 is executed.
  • the security element 2 is applied to the card body 1, which is printed by means of inkjet printer - monochrome or multicolor - at high speed.
  • care must be taken that there is a high degree of adhesion between the security element 2 and the pressure, as a result of which the counterfeit protection is once again favored.
  • the security element 2 is integrated into the card both by printing technology and by welding / adhesive technology. It seems of particular importance that both below and above the security element 2 a pressure can be provided, which is supplemented by the security element 2 and possibly a pressure thereon. It forms a set of information including the security element 2. With regard to further features, which can not be inferred from the figures, reference is made to avoid repetition to the general part of the description.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft ganz allgemein ein Sicherheitsdokument, insbesondere eine Karte zur Identifizierung, vorzugsweise eine ID-Karte, wobei es sich dabei beispielsweise um einen Personalausweis oder um sonstige Ausweise, Zugangsberechtigungen, etc., handeln kann. Die Karte umfasst einen Kartenkörper, ein auf den Kartenkörper aufgebrachtes Sicherheitselement und flächige Informationen, wobei es sich dabei wiederum vorzugsweise um Wort- und/oder Bildinformationen handelt. Das Dokument US 2006/138243 A1 offenbart ein Sicherheitsdokument mit einem Sicherheitselement und Flächigen Informationen.The invention generally relates to a security document, in particular a card for identification, preferably an ID card, which may be, for example, an identity card or other identity cards, access permissions, etc., act. The card comprises a card body, a security element applied to the card body, and planar information, which in turn is preferably word and / or image information. The document US 2006/138243 A1 discloses a security document with a security element and area information.

Des Weiteren betrifft die vorliegende Erfindung ein Verfahren zur Herstellung eines entsprechenden Sicherheitsdokuments bzw. einer entsprechenden Karte.Furthermore, the present invention relates to a method for producing a corresponding security document or a corresponding card.

Die Erfindung bezieht sich grundsätzlich auf Sicherheitsdokumente jedweder Art, insbesondere auf zur Identifizierung dienende Karten. Der Einfachheit halber ist nachfolgend von Karten - als Synonym für ein Sicherheitsdokument jedweder Art - die Rede.The invention relates generally to security documents of any kind, in particular to identification cards. For the sake of simplicity, the following is the card - as a synonym for a security document of any kind - the speech.

Sicherheitsdokumente bzw. Karten der gattungsbildenden Art sind hinlänglich aus der Praxis bekannt. Neben dem als Fälschungsschutz dienenden Sicherheitselement umfasst eine solche Karte individualisierende Informationen, die meist neben dem Sicherheitselement angeordnet sind. Bei dem Sicherheitselement kann es sich um ein bildhaftes Sicherheitselement handeln, beispielsweise um ein Hologramm. Das Vorhandensein eines entsprechenden Sicherheitselements liefert zumindest einen Hinweis auf die Echtheit der Karte.Security documents or cards of the generic type are well known in practice. In addition to the anti-counterfeiting security element, such a card comprises individualizing information, which is usually arranged next to the security element. The security element may be a pictorial security element, for example a hologram. The presence of a corresponding security element provides at least an indication of the authenticity of the card.

Bei den bekannten Karten der gattungsbildenden Art besteht grundsätzlich die Gefahr, dass die zur Individualisierung dienenden Informationen entfernt bzw. ausgetauscht werden. Die verbleibende Karte enthält dann nach wie vor das Sicherheitselement. Sofern es gelingt, die entfernten flächigen Informationen durch andere entsprechende Informationen zu ersetzen, lässt sich eine solche Karte grundsätzlich fälschen.In the case of the known cards of the generic type, there is basically the danger that the information used for individualization will be removed or exchanged. The remaining card will still contain the security element. If it is possible to replace the distant area information with other appropriate information, such a card can be falsified in principle.

Der vorliegenden Erfindung liegt daher die Aufgabe zugrunde, ein Sicherheitsdokument bzw. eine Karte zur Identifizierung derart auszugestalten und weiterzubilden, dass ein gewisses Maß an Fälschungssicherheit geschaffen ist. Eine Überprüfung der Echtheit der Karte soll dabei mit dem Auge, d.h. lichtoptisch, möglich sein. Ein Verfahren zur Herstellung einer entsprechenden Karte ist anzugeben.The present invention is therefore based on the object, a security document or a card for identification in such a way and further, that a degree of security against counterfeiting is created. A check of the authenticity of the card is intended thereby with the eye, i. light-optical, be possible. A procedure for the production of a corresponding card must be specified.

Erfindungsgemäß ist erkannt worden, dass sich ein gewisses Maß an gesteigerter Fälschungssicherheit dadurch bewerkstelligen lässt, dass man eine zumindest teilweise Überlagerung des Sicherheitselements vornimmt, nämlich eine Überlagerung des Sicherheitselements durch die Wort- und/oder Bildinformationen. Dabei ist das Sicherheitselement insgesamt oder zumindest teilweise sichtbar, so dass auch der definierte Umfang der Sichtbarkeit des Sicherheitselements einen Hinweis auf die Echtheit der Karte liefert. In erfindungsgemäßer Weise ist erreicht worden, dass beim unberechtigten Entfernen der Wort- und/oder Bildinformation, beispielsweise durch Abkratzen dieser Information, zumindest ein Teil des Sicherheitselements zerstört wird. Bei erneutem Aufbringen einer anderen Wort- und/oder Bildinformation lässt sich der Original-Zustand des Sicherheitselements nicht wiederherstellen, so dass dessen Zerstörung augenfällig ist. Eine lichtoptische Überprüfung, durchaus durch das menschliche Auge, ist möglich, und zwar bei gleichzeitiger Schaffung eines relativ hohen Maßes an Fälschungssicherheit.According to the invention, it has been recognized that a certain degree of increased security against counterfeiting can be achieved by carrying out an at least partial superimposition of the security element, namely an overlaying of the security element by the word and / or image information. In this case, the security element as a whole or at least partially visible, so that the defined scope of visibility of the security element provides an indication of the authenticity of the card. In accordance with the invention, it has been achieved that at least part of the security element is destroyed in the case of unauthorized removal of the word and / or image information, for example by scratching off this information. If another word and / or image information is applied again, the original state of the security element can not be restored, so that its destruction is obvious. A light-optical check, by the human eye, is possible, and at the same time creating a relatively high level of protection against counterfeiting.

Im Konkreten ist es denkbar, dass die Informationen das Sicherheitselement insgesamt überlagern bzw. überdecken, wobei eine solche Überlagerung bzw. Überdeckung nicht bedeutet, dass das Sicherheitselement nicht mehr sichtbar bzw. erkennbar ist. Ganz im Gegenteil lässt sich eine Überlagerung auch dahingehend generieren, dass das Sicherheitselement zwar insgesamt überlagert bzw. überdeckt ist, jedoch dessen Vorhandensein erkennbar ist.Specifically, it is conceivable that the information overlay or overlap the security element as a whole, with such an overlay or overlap does not mean that the security element is no longer visible or recognizable. On the contrary, an overlay can also be generated in such a way that the security element is indeed superimposed or covered, but its presence is recognizable.

Die Informationen sind gedruckt mittels Tintenstrahldrucker, vorzugsweise vollfarbig. Die Grundfarben lassen sich durch voneinander unabhängige Druckköpfe aufbringen, und zwar vorzugsweise über jeweils zwei Druckköpfe pro Farbe. Ein schnelles Drucken ist bei hochpräziser Anbringung der Informationen möglich. Die Informationen werden dabei digital aufbereitet und entsprechend gedruckt.The information is printed by inkjet printer, preferably full color. The primary colors can be applied by independent printheads, preferably two printheads per color. Fast printing is possible with high-precision affixing of information. The information is processed digitally and printed accordingly.

In ganz besonders vorteilhafter Weise werden die Information vollflächig auf die Karte bzw. auf den Kartenkörper aufgebracht, wobei diese Informationen zumindest bereichsweise transparent oder teiltransparent sein können. Außerdem können die Informationen jedwede Bildinformationen umfassen, beispielsweise auch ein Passbild, einen Fingerabdruck, etc. Die Karte lässt sich mit beliebigen biometrischen Daten ausstatten.In a particularly advantageous manner, the information is applied over the entire area of the card or on the card body, this information can be at least partially transparent or partially transparent. In addition, the information may include any image information, such as a passport photograph, a fingerprint, etc. The card can be equipped with any biometric data.

Des Weiteren umfassen die Informationen Schriften bzw. Schriftinformationen, und zwar in beliebiger Ausprägung und Anordnung. Auch hier lässt sich ein erhebliches Maß an Fälschungssicherheit erreichen, nämlich stets in Kombination mit dem Sicherheitselement.Furthermore, the information includes fonts or font information, in any form and arrangement. Again, a significant degree of security against counterfeiting can be achieved, namely always in combination with the security element.

Des Weiteren ist es denkbar, dass die Informationen mittels einer Tinte mit besonderen optischen Effekten erzeugt werden, nämlich mit Effekten, die aus den physikalischen Phänomenen der Beugung, Brechung und/oder Reflexion von Licht resultieren. Auch dadurch lässt sich das Maß der Fälschungssicherheit erhöhen, zumal es äußerst schwierig ist, entsprechende Effekte nachzuahmen. Außerdem ist es denkbar, dass die Effekte in Wechselwirkung mit einem Untergrund, beispielsweise mit der Oberfläche des Kartenkörpers, oder aber in Wechselwirkung mit dem Sicherheitselement, entstehen. Dadurch ist das Maß der Fälschungssicherheit ganz abermals erheblich erhöht.Furthermore, it is conceivable that the information is generated by means of an ink with special optical effects, namely with effects that result from the physical phenomena of diffraction, refraction and / or reflection of light. This can also increase the level of anti-counterfeiting, especially since it is extremely difficult to imitate the corresponding effects. Moreover, it is conceivable that the effects arise in interaction with a background, for example with the surface of the card body, or in interaction with the security element. As a result, the degree of anti-counterfeiting security is once again considerably increased.

Erfindungsgemäß sind die Informationen mittels UV-härtenden Farben aufgebracht. Solche Farben gewährleisten die schnelle Aushärtung auf dem Kartenkörper bzw. auf der Oberfläche des Sicherheitselements. Eine exakte Positionierung der Farbpigmente ist gewährleistet.According to the invention, the information is applied by means of UV-curing inks. Such colors ensure fast curing on the card body or on the surface of the security element. An exact positioning of the color pigments is guaranteed.

Wie bereits zuvor erwähnt, lassen sich beliebige Sicherheitselemente auf den Kartenkörper aufbringen bzw. im Kartenkörper anordnen. Bei dem Sicherheitselement kann es sich beispielsweise um ein Hologramm oder um ein Kinegramm handeln. Entsprechende Sicherheitselemente lassen sich in idealer Weise mit sonstigen Informationen kombinieren, nämlich im Wege des zumindest teilweisen Überdruckens.As already mentioned above, any security elements can be applied to the card body or arranged in the card body. The security element may be, for example, a hologram or a kinegram. Corresponding security elements can be ideally combined with other information, namely by way of at least partial overprinting.

Bei den Sicherheitselementen kann es sich um auslesbare digitale Informationen handeln, die beispielsweise einem flachen Datenträger zugeordnet sind. Ein solcher Datenträger lässt sich beispielsweise klebetechnisch mit dem Kartenkörper verbinden, so dass er - auf den Kartenkörper aufgebracht - wie eine flächige Information zu verstehen ist. Ein anschließendes Überdrucken mit den zuvor genannten Informationen ist möglich.The security elements may be readable digital information associated with a flat volume, for example. Such a data carrier can for example be adhesively bonded to the card body so that it is applied to the card body in the form of areal information. A subsequent overprinting with the aforementioned information is possible.

Erfindungsgemäß ist die das Sicherheitselement enthaltende Oberfläche des Kartenkörpers, insbesondere die Oberfläche des Sicherheitselements selbst, zur besseren Haftung mit der die Informationen bildenden Tinte bearbeitet. Eine solche Bearbeitung kann ein Aufrauen des Kartenkörpers, insbesondere der Oberfläche des Sicherheitselements, umfassen, um nämlich eine Art mechanische Verzahnung der die Informationen bildenden Farbe mit der Oberfläche des Kartenkörpers zu bewerkstelligen. Auch ist es denkbar, dass die Oberfläche des Kartenkörpers, insbesondere die Oberfläche des Sicherheitselements, mit einem chemischen Stoff bearbeitet oder versehen wird, der die Adhäsion gegenüber der darauf aufzubringenden Farbe begünstigt. Physikalische Einwirkungen, beispielsweise durch Bestrahlung, sind ebenfalls denkbar. Grundsätzlich geht es dabei um die Beeinflussung der Haftung, beispielsweise im Wege der Adhäsion. Dabei gilt es die Energie der entstehenden Grenzfläche zwischen der Oberfläche des Kartenkörpers und der Farbe herabzusetzen, zumal ein adhäsives Haften einhergeht mit einem energetischen Minimum in der Grenzfläche.According to the invention, the surface of the card body containing the security element, in particular the surface of the security element itself, is processed for better adhesion with the ink forming the information. Such a processing may include roughening the card body, in particular the surface of the security element, namely to accomplish a kind of mechanical gearing of the color forming the information with the surface of the card body. It is also conceivable that the surface of the card body, in particular the surface of the security element, is processed or provided with a chemical substance which promotes adhesion to the paint to be applied thereto. Physical effects, for example by irradiation, are also conceivable. Basically, it is about the influence of adhesion, for example by way of adhesion. In this case, it is necessary to reduce the energy of the resulting interface between the surface of the card body and the color, especially since an adhesive adhesion is accompanied by an energetic minimum in the interface.

Auch ist es denkbar, dass die aufzubringende Farbe zumindest teilweise mit dem Material des Kartenkörpers, insbesondere mit dem Material des Sicherheitselements, reagiert. Eine durch Reaktion entstandene Zwischenschicht begünstigt ebenfalls die Haftung der Farbe auf dem Kartenkörper.It is also conceivable that the applied color reacts at least partially with the material of the card body, in particular with the material of the security element. An intermediate layer formed by reaction also favors the adhesion of the ink to the card body.

Die Fälschungssicherheit wird durch eine weitere Maßnahme begünstigt, nämlich durch eine Maßnahme, wonach die auf dem Kartenkörper gedruckten Informationen mit einer Schicht aus Klarlack überzogen werden. Dabei kann der Kartenkörper partiell oder vollflächig mit der Schicht aus Klarlack überzogen werden. Der Klarlack könnte chemisch reagieren, und zwar mit der vom Klarlack überdeckten Tinte. Auch hier könnte sich eine Grenzschicht zur Begünstigung der Haftung bilden.Counterfeit security is promoted by another measure, namely a measure whereby the information printed on the card body is coated with a layer of clear lacquer. In this case, the card body can be coated partially or completely with the layer of clearcoat. The clearcoat could react chemically with the ink covered by the clearcoat. Again, a boundary layer could form to favor adhesion.

In weiter vorteilhafter Weise ist die Grenzschicht partiell ausgebildet, wobei die Ausbildung entsprechend einem vorgegebenen Muster erfolgen kann. Außerdem ist es denkbar, dass der Klarlack vorzugsweise optische Sicherheitsinformationen enthält, die ein weiteres Maß an Fälschungssicherheit liefern. Diese Sicherheitsinformationen könnten wiederum mit den Informationen und/oder mit dem Sicherheitselement korrelieren bzw- "matchen", so dass es beim unberechtigten Entfernen des Klarlacks äußerst schwierig wird, beim erneuten Aufbringen eines Klarlacks die Korrelation bzw. die definierte Übereinstimmung herbeizuführen.In a further advantageous manner, the boundary layer is partially formed, wherein the formation can take place according to a predetermined pattern. In addition, it is conceivable that the clearcoat preferably contains optical security information that provides a further level of anti-counterfeiting security. This security information in turn could correlate or "match" with the information and / or with the security element, so that it becomes extremely difficult in unauthorized removal of the clearcoat to bring about the correlation or the defined match when re-applying a clearcoat.

Des Weiteren ist es denkbar, dass der Klarlack eine Oberflächenstruktur, gegebenenfalls zur Schatten- oder Reliefbildung, aufweist. Eine solche Oberflächenstruktur lässt sich beispielsweise mittels Tintenstrahldrucker erzeugen, nämlich dahingehend, dass der Klarlack in dickeren und dünneren Bereichen aufgetragen wird, wodurch sich die Reliefbildung ergibt. Auch ist es denkbar, dass der Klarlack durch hintereinander angeordnete Druckstationen, insbesondere zur Bildung eines Reliefs, zumindest bereichsweise mehrfach aufgetragen wird. Beliebige Strukturen lassen sich so an der Oberfläche der Karte erzeugen.Furthermore, it is conceivable that the clearcoat has a surface structure, optionally for shading or relief formation. Such a surface structure can be produced, for example, by means of an inkjet printer, namely to the effect that the clearcoat is applied in thicker and thinner areas, which results in relief formation. It is also conceivable that the clearcoat is repeatedly applied at least in regions by printing stations arranged one behind the other, in particular to form a relief. Any structures can be created on the surface of the map.

Das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren löst die voranstehende Aufgabe durch die Merkmale des nebengeordneten Patentanspruchs 9. Danach werden - entsprechend der erfindungsgemäßen Karte - die Informationen derart auf den Kartenkörper aufgebracht, dass sie das Sicherheitselement zumindest teilweise überlagern bzw. überdecken, wobei das Sicherheitselement insgesamt oder zumindest teilweise sichtbar ist.The inventive method solves the above object by the features of the independent claim 9. Thereafter - according to the inventive card - the information applied to the card body such that they at least partially overlay or overlap the security element, the security element as a whole or at least partially visible is.

Hinsichtlich weiterer Verfahrensschritte sei zur Vermeidung von Wiederholungen auf die entsprechenden Passagen zu der erfindungsgemäßen Karte verwiesen. Außerdem wird auf die das Verfahren betreffenden abhängigen Patentansprüche verwiesen, die die einzelnen Verfahrensschritte beanspruchen.With regard to further method steps, reference is made to avoid repetitions to the corresponding passages to the card according to the invention. Furthermore Reference is made to the dependent claims relating to the method, which claim the individual process steps.

Es gibt nun verschiedene Möglichkeiten, die Lehre der vorliegenden Erfindung in vorteilhafter Weise auszugestalten und weiterzubilden. Dazu ist einerseits auf die dem Patentanspruch 1 nachgeordneten Patentansprüche und andererseits auf die nachfolgende Erläuterung von Ausführungsbeispielen der Erfindung anhand der Zeichnung zu verweisen. In Verbindung mit der Erläuterung der bevorzugten Ausführungsbeispiele der Erfindung anhand der Zeichnung werden auch im Allgemeinen bevorzugte Ausgestaltungen und Weiterbildungen der Lehre erläutert. In der Zeichnung zeigen die

Fig.1
in einer schematischen Ansicht den grundsätzlichen Aufbau einer erfindungsgemäßen Karte,
Fig. 2
in einer schematischen Ansicht ein weiteres Ausführungsbeispiel einer erfindungsgemäßen Karte und
Fig. 3
in einer schematischen Ansicht ein drittes Ausführungsbeispiel einer erfindungsgemäßen Karte.
There are now various possibilities for designing and developing the teaching of the present invention in an advantageous manner. For this purpose, on the one hand to the claims subordinate to claim 1 and on the other hand to refer to the following explanation of embodiments of the invention with reference to the drawings. In conjunction with the explanation of the preferred embodiments of the invention with reference to the drawings, also generally preferred embodiments and developments of the teaching are explained. In the drawing show the
Fig.1
in a schematic view of the basic structure of a card according to the invention,
Fig. 2
in a schematic view, another embodiment of a card according to the invention and
Fig. 3
in a schematic view of a third embodiment of a card according to the invention.

Das in Fig. 1 gezeigte Ausführungsbeispiel eines erfindungsgemäßen Sicherheitsdokuments in Ausgestaltung einer Karte bezieht sich im Konkreten auf einen Personalausweis, wobei es sich um jedwede Karten der gattungsbildenden Art, nämlich um beliebige sogenannte Plastik-Karten, handeln kann.This in Fig. 1 shown embodiment of a security document according to the invention in an embodiment of a card refers in concrete terms to an identity card, which may be any of the cards of the generic type, namely any so-called plastic cards act.

Die Karte umfasst einen Kartenkörper 1, bei dem es sich wiederum um ein beliebiges Substrat handeln kann. Der Kartenkörper 1 besteht regelmäßig aus einem Kunststoff.The card comprises a card body 1, which in turn may be any substrate. The card body 1 is usually made of a plastic.

Auf dem Kartenkörper 1 ist ein Sicherheitselement 2 aufgebracht, wobei es sich dabei beispielsweise um ein Hologramm oder um ein Kinegramm handelt. Das Sicherheitselement 2 gewährleistet ein gewisses Maß an Fälschungssicherheit.On the card body 1, a security element 2 is applied, which is, for example, a hologram or a kinegram. The security element 2 ensures a certain degree of security against counterfeiting.

Des Weiteren trägt der Kartenkörper 1 flächige Informationen, wobei es sich dabei im Konkreten um Wort- und/oder Bildinformationen handelt, wie dies in der Figur gezeigt ist.Furthermore, the card body 1 carries areal information, which in concrete terms is word and / or picture information, as shown in the figure.

In erfindungsgemäßer Weise überlagern bzw. überdecken die Informationen 3 das Sicherheitselement 2 und dabei den gesamten Kartenkörper 1. Dennoch ist das Sicherheitselement 2 insgesamt oder zumindest teilweise sichtbar. Durch die zumindest teilweise Überlagerung des Sicherheitselements 2 mit den Informationen 3 ist ein weiterer Fälschungsschutz gewährleistet, der über die bloße Anwesenheit des Sicherheitselements 2 hinausgeht. Dieser Sicherheitsschutz ergibt sich aus der Kombination von Sicherheitselement 2 und Informationen 3, wonach nämlich beim Entfernen der Informationen 3 das Sicherheitselement 2 zumindest teilweise beschädigt oder gar zerstört wird.In accordance with the invention, the information 3 overlaps or overlap the security element 2 and thereby the entire card body 1. Nevertheless, the security element 2 is completely or at least partially visible. The at least partial superposition of the security element 2 with the information 3 ensures a further protection against counterfeiting, which goes beyond the mere presence of the security element 2. This security protection results from the combination of security element 2 and information 3, according to which namely when removing the information 3, the security element 2 is at least partially damaged or even destroyed.

Das Sicherheitselement 2 kann beispielsweise mittels eines Spezialklebers auf den Kartenkörper 1 aufgeklebt sein. Ein Verschweißen des Sicherheitselements 2 mit dem Kartenkörper 1 ist ebenso denkbar.The security element 2 can be glued to the card body 1, for example, by means of a special adhesive. A welding of the security element 2 with the card body 1 is also conceivable.

Die Informationen 3 werden auf den Kartenkörper 1 und somit auch auf das Sicherheitselement 2 aufgedruckt, wobei das Aufdrucken vorzugsweise mittels Tintenstrahldrucker erfolgt.The information 3 is printed on the card body 1 and thus also on the security element 2, wherein the printing is preferably carried out by means of inkjet printer.

Zur Begünstigung der Haftung der die Informationen 3 bildenden Farben auf dem Kartenträger 1 bzw. auf dem Sicherheitselement 2 lassen sich die Haftung begünstigenden Maßnahmen durchführen. Insoweit sei zur Vermeidung von Wiederholungen auf den allgemeinen Teil der Beschreibung verwiesen.To promote the adhesion of the information 3 forming colors on the card carrier 1 and on the security element 2 can be the adhesion-promoting measures perform. In that regard, reference is made to avoid repetition in the general part of the description.

Die die Informationen 3 bildenden Farben sind auf dem Kartenkörper 1 UV-gehärtet, so dass eine sichere Positionierung der einzelnen Pigmente gewährleistet ist. Ein mehrfaches Überdrucken des Kartenkörpers 1 ist zur Erzeugung besonderer Farben und Farbreliefs möglich.The information 3 forming colors are UV-cured on the card body 1, so that a secure positioning of the individual pigments is guaranteed. A multiple overprinting of the card body 1 is possible to produce special colors and color reliefs.

Die Fälschungssicherheit wird durch eine weitere Maßnahme begünstigt, nämlich durch einen Klarlack 4, der die Informationen 3 nebst Sicherheitselement 2 insgesamt überdeckt. Der Klarlack 4 kann ebenfalls mittels Tintenstrahldrucker aufgebracht werden, und zwar auch durch mehrfaches Bedrucken. Der Klarlack 4 kann ebenfalls zur Fälschungssicherheit dienende Informationen beinhalten, die sowohl mit den Informationen 3 als mit dem Sicherheitselement 2 korrelieren bzw. korrespondieren können. Eine weiterreichende Fälschungssicherheit lässt sich dadurch schaffen.The security against counterfeiting is favored by a further measure, namely by a clearcoat 4, which collectively contains the information 3 together with the security element 2 covered. The clearcoat 4 can also be applied by means of inkjet printers, even by multiple printing. The clearcoat 4 may also contain anti-counterfeiting information, which may correlate or correspond to both the information 3 and the security element 2. A more far-reaching security against counterfeiting can thus be created.

Bei dem in Fig. 2 gezeigten Ausführungsbeispiel einer erfindungsgemäßen Karte ist der Kartenkörper 1 - zumindest teilweise - bedruckt und/oder mit einem Relief ausgestattet. Das ein gewisses Maß an Fälschungssicherheit gewährleistende Sicherheitselement 2 kann ebenfalls - für sich gesehen - bedruckt sein oder eine Prägung umfassen.At the in Fig. 2 shown embodiment of a card according to the invention, the card body 1 - at least partially - printed and / or equipped with a relief. The security element 2, which ensures a certain degree of protection against forgery, can also - by itself - be printed or embossed.

Sofern der Kartenkörper 1 und/oder das Sicherheitselement 2 bedruckt ist/sind, ist wesentlich, dass die beiden Teile vorzugsweise mit Tinte bedruckt sind, insbesondere im Rahmen eines industriell ausgelegten Hochgeschwindigkeitsdrucks mittels Tintenstrahl. Ein farbiges Bedrucken ist im Rahmen des dabei realisierbaren Digitaldrucks möglich, wobei unterschiedliche Informationen aufgedruckt sein können.If the card body 1 and / or the security element 2 is / are printed, it is essential that the two parts are preferably printed with ink, in particular in the context of an industrially designed high-speed printing by means of inkjet. Colored printing is possible in the context of realizable digital printing, whereby different information can be printed.

Fig. 2 zeigt jedenfalls andeutungsweise, dass es sich bei dem Kartenkörper 1 um einen mit Informationen versehenen Körper handeln kann. Diese Informationen können von den sonstigen Informationen unabhängig sein. Auch ist es denkbar, dass sich diese Informationen mit Informationen auf den weiteren Teilen ergänzen. Im Konkreten können die auf dem Kartenkörper 1 befindlichen Informationen 3 durch Informationen auf dem Sicherheitselement 2 zu einer weiterreichenden Teilinformation oder zu einer Gesamtinformation ergänzt werden. Fig. 2 In any case, it is hinted that the card body 1 may be an informational body. This information may be independent of the other information. It is also conceivable that this information is supplemented with information on the other parts. Specifically, the information 3 located on the card body 1 can be supplemented by information on the security element 2 to a more extensive partial information or to a total information.

Weitere Informationen 3 lassen sich durch Tintenstrahldruck bzw. einen entsprechend ausgelegten Digitaldruck aufbringen, und zwar unter Einbindung des Sicherheitselements 2. Somit wird das Sicherheitselement 2 und ggf. die darauf bereits befindlichen Informationen - zumindest teilweise - überdruckt, wobei die Informationen auf dem Kartenkörper 1 eine Art Hintergrund bzw. eine Grundlage einerseits für das Sicherheitselement 2 und andererseits für die weiteren Informationen 3 bilden.Further information 3 can be applied by inkjet printing or a suitably designed digital print, with the involvement of the security element 2. Thus, the security element 2 and possibly the information already thereon - at least partially - overprinted, the information on the card body 1 a Art background or a foundation on the one hand for the security element 2 and on the other hand for the further information 3 form.

Darüber wird ein Klarlack 4 aufgebracht, der als weitere Maßnahme zur Begünstigung der Fälschungssicherheit und insoweit als Oberflächenschutz zu sehen ist.In addition, a clear coat 4 is applied, which is to be regarded as a further measure to favor the protection against counterfeiting and insofar as surface protection.

An dieser Stelle sei angemerkt, dass der Kartenkörper 1 mit beliebigen Strukturen, Reliefs oder dgl. ausgestattet sein kann. Auch kann der Kartenkörper 1 bereits bedruckt sein, wobei beliebige Druckarten realisierbar sind. Die Fläche des Kartenkörpers 1 könnte auch durch Offset-Drucktechnik bedruckt sein.It should be noted at this point that the card body 1 can be equipped with any structures, reliefs or the like. Also, the card body 1 may already be printed, with any types of printing can be realized. The surface of the card body 1 could also be printed by offset printing technology.

Ein besonderer Sicherheitsschutz ergibt sich jedenfalls dadurch, dass sich der Kartenkörper 1 und das Sicherheitselement 2 in ihren Informationen oder ihrer Struktur ergänzen, wobei insgesamt oder teilweise darüber die Informationen 3 mittels Tintenstrahldruck aufgebracht werden. Folglich ist das Sicherheitselement 2 ganz oder zumindest teilweise in den Gesamtdruck und somit in das Erscheinungsbild der Karte eingebunden. Der Klarlack 4 stellt eine Art Versiegelung dar, wobei der Klarlack 4 für sich gesehen pigmentiert sein kann.In any case, a special security protection results from the fact that the card body 1 and the security element 2 complement each other in their information or their structure, with all or part of the information 3 being applied by means of ink-jet printing. Consequently, the security element 2 is wholly or at least partially integrated in the overall printing and thus in the appearance of the card. The clearcoat 4 is a kind of seal, wherein the clearcoat 4 may be pigmented per se.

Fig. 3 unterscheidet sich von dem in Fig. 2 gezeigten Ausführungsbeispiel dadurch, dass der Kartenkörper 1 als Blanko-Kartenkörper entsprechend der Darstellung in Fig. 1 ausgeführt ist. Auch hier wird das Sicherheitselement 2 auf den Kartenkörper 1 aufgebracht, wobei darüber mittels Tintenstrahldrucker - einfarbig oder mehrfarbig - mit hoher Geschwindigkeit gedruckt wird. Grundsätzlich ist darauf zu achten, dass zwischen dem Sicherheitselement 2 und dem Druck ein hohes Maß an Haftung besteht, wodurch der Fälschungsschutz abermals begünstigt ist. Fig. 3 is different from the one in Fig. 2 shown embodiment in that the card body 1 as a blank card body as shown in FIG Fig. 1 is executed. Again, the security element 2 is applied to the card body 1, which is printed by means of inkjet printer - monochrome or multicolor - at high speed. In principle, care must be taken that there is a high degree of adhesion between the security element 2 and the pressure, as a result of which the counterfeit protection is once again favored.

Noch einmal sei ganz besonders hervorgehoben, dass das Sicherheitselement 2 sowohl drucktechnisch als auch schweiß-/klebetechnisch in die Karte eingebunden ist. Es erscheint von ganz besonderer Bedeutung, dass sowohl unter als auch über dem Sicherheitselement 2 ein Druck vorgesehen sein kann, der durch das Sicherheitselement 2 und ggf. einen darauf befindlichen Druck ergänzt wird. Es bildet sich eine Gesamtheit von Informationen unter Einbeziehung des Sicherheitselements 2. Hinsichtlich weiterer Merkmale, die sich den Figuren nicht entnehmen lassen, sei zur Vermeidung von Wiederholungen auf den allgemeinen Teil der Beschreibung verwiesen.Once again, it should be emphasized that the security element 2 is integrated into the card both by printing technology and by welding / adhesive technology. It seems of particular importance that both below and above the security element 2 a pressure can be provided, which is supplemented by the security element 2 and possibly a pressure thereon. It forms a set of information including the security element 2. With regard to further features, which can not be inferred from the figures, reference is made to avoid repetition to the general part of the description.

Schließlich sei angemerkt, dass die voranstehend erörterten Ausführungsbeispiele lediglich der beispielhaften Erörterung der beanspruchten Lehre dienen, diese jedoch nicht auf die Ausführungsbeispiele einschränken.Finally, it should be noted that the embodiments discussed above are merely illustrative of the claimed teaching, but are not limited to the embodiments.

Claims (13)

  1. Security document, in particular card for identification, preferably ID card (e.g. personal identity card), etc., comprising a card body (1), a security element (2) applied to the card body (1), and planar information (3), preferably in word and/or image form, wherein the information (3) overlies or overlaps the security element (2) at least partially, wherein the security element (2) is wholly or at least partially visible, and wherein the information (3) is printed digitally by means of an inkjet printer and applied by means of UV-curing inks,
    characterised in that the surface of the card body (1) containing the security element (2) and the surface of the security element (2) are treated for better adhesion with the ink forming the information (3), and in that the surface of the card body (1) and the surface of the security element (2) are treated or provided with a substance that promotes adhesion with the ink applied thereto.
  2. Security document according to claim 1, characterised in that the information (3) overlies or overlaps the security element (2) completely.
  3. Security document according to claim 1 or 2, characterised in that the information (3) preferably
    is printed by means of an inkjet printer, preferably in full colour, wherein
    the information (3) can be transparent or semi-transparent at least in regions, and optionally
    comprises an image and/or
    text.
  4. Security document according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterised in that the information (3) is applied by means of an ink having special optical effects, in particular in relation to diffraction, refraction and/or reflection.
  5. Security document according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterised in that the security element (2) is in the form of a hologram or kinegram, and/or
    in that the security element (2) contains readable digital information (3).
  6. Security document according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterised in that the surface of the card body (1), in particular the surface of the security element (2), can be roughened.
  7. Security document according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterised in that the information (3) printed on the card body (1) is covered with a layer of clear lacquer (4), wherein
    the card body (1) can be covered completely with a layer of clear lacquer (4), and/or wherein
    the clear lacquer (4) can form with an ink a chemical compound in the form of a boundary layer, and wherein
    the boundary layer can be formed in part, preferably according to a given pattern.
  8. Security document according to claim 7, characterised in that the clear lacquer (4) preferably contains optical security information, wherein
    the security information correlates with the information (3) and/or with the security element (2), and/or
    the clear lacquer (4) has a surface structure, optionally for shadow or relief formation, wherein
    the clear lacquer (4) is applied by means of an inkjet printer.
  9. Method for producing a security document, in particular a card used for identification, preferably an ID card (e.g. personal identity card), etc., for example a security document according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the security document or card comprises a card body (1), a security element (2) applied to the card body (1), and planar information (3), preferably in word and/or image form, wherein the information (3) is applied to the card body (1) in such a manner that it overlies or overlaps the security element (2) at least partially, wherein the security element (2) is wholly or at least partially visible, wherein the information (3) is prepared digitally and printed correspondingly by means of an inkjet printer, and wherein inks forming the information (3) are cured by means of UV light,
    characterised in that the surface of the card body (1) containing the security element (2) and the surface of the security element (2) are treated for better adhesion with the ink forming the information (3), and in that the surface of the card body (1) and the surface of the security element (2) are treated or provided with a substance that promotes adhesion with the ink applied thereto.
  10. Method according to claim 9, characterised in that the information (3) is printed in full colour.
  11. Method according to claim 9 or 10, characterised in that the surface of the card body (1), in particular the surface of the security element (2), is roughened.
  12. Method according to either claim 10 or claim 11, characterised in that the information (3) printed on the card body (1) is covered with a layer of clear lacquer (4), wherein
    the card body (1) is covered with a layer of clear lacquer (4) over its entire surface, and/or wherein
    the clear lacquer (4) forms with the ink a chemical compound in the form of a boundary layer, and wherein
    the boundary layer can be formed in part, preferably according to a given pattern.
  13. Method according to claim 12, characterised in that the clear lacquer (4) is applied by means of an inkjet printer.
EP07846357.7A 2006-11-20 2007-11-20 Security document/card for identification and method for producing a security document/card Active EP2091757B1 (en)

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DE102006054886 2006-11-20
PCT/DE2007/002104 WO2008061515A1 (en) 2006-11-20 2007-11-20 Security document/card for identification and method for producing a security document/card

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WO2008061515A1 (en) 2008-05-29
CA2669974A1 (en) 2008-05-29
US20100013210A1 (en) 2010-01-21
CA2669974C (en) 2014-07-08
EP2091757A1 (en) 2009-08-26
DE102007055611A1 (en) 2008-05-29

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