EP2011734A1 - Packaging machine and method for manufacturing packaging from a film - Google Patents

Packaging machine and method for manufacturing packaging from a film Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2011734A1
EP2011734A1 EP08011950A EP08011950A EP2011734A1 EP 2011734 A1 EP2011734 A1 EP 2011734A1 EP 08011950 A EP08011950 A EP 08011950A EP 08011950 A EP08011950 A EP 08011950A EP 2011734 A1 EP2011734 A1 EP 2011734A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
pressure
proportional
workstation
setpoint
proportional controller
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Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP08011950A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP2011734B1 (en
Inventor
Elmar Ehrmann
Herbert Kirmse
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Multivac Sepp Haggenmueller GmbH and Co KG
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Multivac Sepp Haggenmueller GmbH and Co KG
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65B—MACHINES, APPARATUS OR DEVICES FOR, OR METHODS OF, PACKAGING ARTICLES OR MATERIALS; UNPACKING
    • B65B9/00—Enclosing successive articles, or quantities of material, e.g. liquids or semiliquids, in flat, folded, or tubular webs of flexible sheet material; Subdividing filled flexible tubes to form packages
    • B65B9/02—Enclosing successive articles, or quantities of material between opposed webs
    • B65B9/04—Enclosing successive articles, or quantities of material between opposed webs one or both webs being formed with pockets for the reception of the articles, or of the quantities of material
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65B—MACHINES, APPARATUS OR DEVICES FOR, OR METHODS OF, PACKAGING ARTICLES OR MATERIALS; UNPACKING
    • B65B31/00—Packaging articles or materials under special atmospheric or gaseous conditions; Adding propellants to aerosol containers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65B—MACHINES, APPARATUS OR DEVICES FOR, OR METHODS OF, PACKAGING ARTICLES OR MATERIALS; UNPACKING
    • B65B47/00—Apparatus or devices for forming pockets or receptacles in or from sheets, blanks, or webs, comprising essentially a die into which the material is pressed or a folding die through which the material is moved
    • B65B47/08—Apparatus or devices for forming pockets or receptacles in or from sheets, blanks, or webs, comprising essentially a die into which the material is pressed or a folding die through which the material is moved by application of fluid pressure
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65B—MACHINES, APPARATUS OR DEVICES FOR, OR METHODS OF, PACKAGING ARTICLES OR MATERIALS; UNPACKING
    • B65B57/00—Automatic control, checking, warning, or safety devices

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a packaging machine and a method for producing packages from a film.
  • the provision of pressure is necessary for heating the film, forming the film and sealing the packaging.
  • the pressure is controlled by manually adjustable filling times or manual pressure regulator, ie a certain pressure is generated over the opening of a valve for a predetermined time.
  • the pressure is subject to fluctuations and a reproducibility is not given. This is particularly disadvantageous because different packaging forms and films in a packaging machine require different settings, so that it depends on the reproducibility.
  • proportional controllers which have a measurement and control technology, is not common in packaging machines, as they increase the pressure too slowly.
  • Conventional proportional regulators can not fully open the valve just at the beginning of the control since there is a risk of increasing the pressure too much. They are therefore too slow. Furthermore, material load limits can be exceeded.
  • the object of the invention is to provide an improved packaging machine and an improved method for producing packages from a film, which avoid the disadvantages mentioned above.
  • An advantage of the packaging machine or of the method for producing packs from a film is the reproducibility of the pack-specific parameters.
  • the control over the proportional controller is applicable to various work stations of a packaging machine, such as forming station, sealing station, etc.
  • the controller can also be used as a valve, which compared to the conventional systems that require a valve and a pressure regulator, a component is saved.
  • a further advantageous application of the invention results in the gassing process.
  • Another advantage of the invention is the quality control made possible by the reproducibility of the process. There are no errors due to manual adjustability of pressures. The required values can be stored depending on the process and retrieved automatically. The control system ensures that the same pressure is present in the device throughout the entire process time.
  • a packaging machine 1 comprises one or more forming stations 2, one or more evacuating and sealing stations 3, and a cutting station 4.
  • On the input side there is provided a supply for a lower film 7 from the input side through the stations to the exit side End is led.
  • a forms of containers 8 These are subsequently filled with the goods to be packaged.
  • an upper film 10 is fed in front of the entrance to the evacuation and sealing station 3 onto the upper side of the lower film 7, as it were, as cover for the containers 8.
  • the deep-drawn pack is evacuated and sealed.
  • the cutting station 4 the packages are last separated.
  • the forming station 2 is based on Fig. 2 described.
  • the forming station 2 has a chamber upper part 23a and a lower chamber part 23a, and a heating plate 22 provided in the upper chamber part 23b.
  • Both the lower chamber part 23a and the upper chamber part 23b are each connected to a compressed air supply 26a, 26b, which in turn are connected to a pressure source 27 for providing overpressure or underpressure.
  • Each compressed air supply is preceded by a proportional controller 24 or 25.
  • the lower film 7 can be clamped between the lower chamber part 23a and the upper chamber part 23b and heated by the heating plate 22.
  • a defined pressure is required to prevent prints and clouding of the film.
  • the pressure is generated via the proportional controller 24.
  • the proportional controller 25 is used to apply a defined pressure to the lower chamber part for forming the lower film.
  • Fig. 3 shows the connection between the proportional controller 24 and 25 of a machine controller 28 and the forming station 2.
  • the proportional controller 24 and 25 includes a valve 29 and a control electronics 30 for the valve.
  • the machine controller 28 is designed such that it provides the control electronics 30 of the proportional controller 24, 25 a voltage value, for example 0-10V, which corresponds to a pressure setpoint.
  • the control electronics 30 controls the valve 29 to equalize the actual pressure, which is measured in the workstation by means of a measuring device, to the predetermined desired value.
  • different voltage potentials are assigned pressures or valve cross sections.
  • the forming station 2 is used to form containers made of film by means of compressed air and / or by means of vacuum with or without a punch.
  • the film 7 is clamped and first heated on the heating plate 22.
  • the film is formed by means of a set pressure and / or by means of vacuum with or without a punch as quickly as possible and thereby with uniform wall thickness and low cooling during the molding process.
  • the set pressure depending on the film thickness, drawing depth and container shape, essentially determines the result.
  • the control is carried out so that at the beginning of the deformation, the valve is briefly fully opened in order to achieve the fastest possible deformation and then the pressure is limited and readjusted.
  • Fig. 1 and Fig. 2 exemplified the preparation of a pack.
  • the lower film is deformed in the forming station 2, so that a container is formed.
  • the lower film 7 is first clamped in the forming station 2 between the lower chamber part 23a and the upper chamber part 23b.
  • the film is pressed by the overpressure provided by the proportional controller 24 in the direction of the heating plate 22 and heated by it.
  • the film is deformed by providing overpressure by the proportional regulator 25 in the direction of the chamber lower part 23a.
  • the film cools down, the shape of the pack is retained.
  • the set pressure depending on the film thickness, drawing depth and container shape, essentially determines the result.
  • the pressures in the molding apparatus 2 are adjusted by the electronic proportional regulators 24, 25.
  • the pressures can be set via a machine display and stored depending on the process become. Due to the control and regulation system integrated in the proportional controller, the pressure currently present in the device will be absorbed and thus reproducible. The control can also be performed by the machine controller 28.
  • the forming station is brought in a very short time via the proportional controller 24, 25 to the set and necessary for the deformation pressure and held until the film 7 and thus permanent deformation at this pressure. Subsequently, the pressure is preferably released as quickly as possible from the device into the atmosphere.
  • the container is then filled (not shown) and then closed with the lid film 10 in the sealing station 3 and previously gassed if necessary. Subsequently, the packages are separated in the cutting station 4.
  • Fig. 4a is a comparison of the proportional controller according to the invention with a conventional proportional controller shown in a pressure-time diagram.
  • the proportional controller according to the invention has a faster response time than the conventional controller. How out Fig. 4a As can be seen, eliminates a sluggish regulation at the beginning of the pressure change. Due to a large filling volume, the pressure can rise quickly, so no careful regulation is necessary at the beginning. Due to the known, relatively large volume of the area to be fumigated, to be filled or to be evacuated, with respect to the maximum pressure, an optimization of the proportional regulator is possible. This is achieved by the electronic control of the proportional controller. The required sensors is inside the controller. The measuring and control system of the proportional controller or the machine controller 28 prevents overpressure, with leakages the pressure is readjusted.
  • Fig. 4b is in a flow-time diagram of the comparison of a conventional proportional controller, a combination of a valve and manual pressure regulator and a special control for the gassing process with the proportional flow controller according to the invention.
  • a gentle increase in the volume flow initially takes place in order to prevent inflation of the pack, especially for smaller chambers.
  • Fig. 5a (left in the picture) the pressure build-up during the heating process without a proportional controller is shown on the basis of graph 40a.
  • the heating pressure initially rises above the setpoint and then drops below the desired value due to leakage.
  • Another disadvantage is that the desired pressure can not be adjusted, but can only be achieved over the time t with great deviation.
  • Fig. 5b (right in the picture) the pressure build-up during the forming process without a proportional controller is shown on the basis of the graph 40b.
  • the mold pressure initially rises slightly above the desired value (setpoint) and then falls due to leakage far below the desired value.
  • setpoint the desired value
  • a disadvantage is that the desired pressure can not be set, but can only be achieved over time t with great deviation.
  • Fig. 6a (left in the picture) the pressure build-up during the heating process with proportional controller is shown on the basis of the graph 41a.
  • the heating pressure rises to the desired value Setpoint. Overshoot is in the tolerance field. It then remains at the set pressure until the end of the set time regardless of any leaks.
  • One advantage is that the desired pressure can be set via the operator terminal.
  • Fig. 6b (right in the picture) the pressure build-up during the forming process with proportional controller is shown on the basis of graph 41b.
  • the mold pressure rises to the setpoint. Overshoot is in the tolerance field. It then remains at the set pressure until the end of the set time regardless of any leaks.
  • One advantage is that the desired pressure can be set via the operator terminal.
  • the proportionality controller is preferably used in the forming station in which the film is molded for packaging.
  • all workstations of a packaging machine can be equipped with the device according to the invention, or work according to the inventive method.
  • the upper and lower parts are pressed together by providing pressure and then sealed. Through an air cushion, the pressure can be selectively built up and maintained.
  • Another example of the device according to the invention is a workstation having a gassing device.
  • a gassing device Here, an initially gentle, later a steep increase in the volume flow is desirable.
  • the pressure is measured and regulated and is accordingly readjusted during the work process in order to achieve an optimal result.
  • a throttle valve may also be provided to throttle the suction rate at vacuum.

Abstract

Packing machine (1) comprises working stations (2) in which the pressure and/or the volume stream is controlled using a proportional controller (24, 25). An independent claim is also included for a method for the production of packages from a film in a packing station. Preferred Features: The proportional controller comprises a valve and an electronic control unit. The controller is connected to a machine control unit (28) for receiving and regulating a prescribed pressure theoretical value.

Description

Die vorliegende Erfindung bezieht sich auf eine Verpackungsmaschine und ein Verfahren zum Herstellen von Packungen aus einer Folie.The present invention relates to a packaging machine and a method for producing packages from a film.

In Verpackungsmaschinen und im speziellen bei den Form- und Siegelstationen der Verpackungsmaschinen ist für das Aufheizen der Folie, das Formen der Folie und für das Versiegeln der Verpackung die Bereitstellung von Druck notwendig. Bei herkömmlichen Systemen wird der Druck hierbei über manuell einstellbare Füllzeiten oder manuelle Druckregler gesteuert, d.h. ein bestimmter Druck wird über die Öffnung eines Ventils für eine vorbestimmte Zeit erzeugt. Der Druck unterliegt dabei Schwankungen und eine Reproduzierbarkeit ist nicht gegeben. Dies ist insbesondere deshalb nachteilig, weil verschiedene Packungsformen und Folien in einer Verpackungsmaschine verschiedene Einstellungen erfordern, so dass es auf die Reproduzierbarkeit ankommt.In packaging machines, and in particular in the forming and sealing stations of packaging machines, the provision of pressure is necessary for heating the film, forming the film and sealing the packaging. In conventional systems, the pressure is controlled by manually adjustable filling times or manual pressure regulator, ie a certain pressure is generated over the opening of a valve for a predetermined time. The pressure is subject to fluctuations and a reproducibility is not given. This is particularly disadvantageous because different packaging forms and films in a packaging machine require different settings, so that it depends on the reproducibility.

Weiterhin erfordern bei der Begasung von Packungen bisher eingesetzte Ventile mit manuellem Druckbegrenzer einen Gegendruck, der sich oft zu spät für einen schnellen Regelvorgang, vor allem bei kleinen Kammern, aufbaut und damit ein Aufblähen der Packung verursacht.Furthermore, in the fumigation of packages previously used valves with manual pressure limiter back pressure, which often too late for a fast control process, especially in small chambers, builds and thus causes inflation of the pack.

Die Verwendung von Proportionalreglern, die eine Mess- und Regelungstechnik aufweisen, ist in Verpackungsmaschinen nicht üblich, da diese den Druck zu langsam erhöhen. Herkömmliche Proportionalregler können gerade zu Beginn der Regelung das Ventil nicht vollständig öffnen, da das Risiko besteht, den Druck zu stark zu erhöhen. Sie sind somit zu langsam. Ferner können Materialbelastungsgrenzen überschritten werden.The use of proportional controllers, which have a measurement and control technology, is not common in packaging machines, as they increase the pressure too slowly. Conventional proportional regulators can not fully open the valve just at the beginning of the control since there is a risk of increasing the pressure too much. They are therefore too slow. Furthermore, material load limits can be exceeded.

Aufgabe der Erfindung ist es, eine verbesserte Verpackungsmaschine und ein verbessertes Verfahren zum Herstellen von Packungen aus einer Folie bereitzustellen, die die oben genannten Nachteile vermeiden.The object of the invention is to provide an improved packaging machine and an improved method for producing packages from a film, which avoid the disadvantages mentioned above.

Die Aufgabe wird durch eine Vorrichtung gemäß Anspruch 1 bzw. ein Verfahren nach Anspruch 10 gelöst. Weiterbildungen der Erfindung sind in den Unteransprüchen angegeben.The object is achieved by a device according to claim 1 and a method according to claim 10. Further developments of the invention are specified in the subclaims.

Ein Vorteil der Verpackungsmaschine, bzw. des Verfahrens zum Herstellen von Packungen aus einer Folie ist die Reproduzierbarkeit der packungsspezifisch eingestellten Parameter. Die Steuerung über den Proportionalregler ist auf verschiedene Arbeitsstationen einer Verpackungsmaschine, wie Formstation, Siegelstation etc. anwendbar. Zudem kann der Regler zugleich als Ventil genutzt werden, wobei gegenüber den herkömmlichen Systemen, die ein Ventil und einen Druckregler benötigen, ein Bauteil eingespart wird.An advantage of the packaging machine or of the method for producing packs from a film is the reproducibility of the pack-specific parameters. The control over the proportional controller is applicable to various work stations of a packaging machine, such as forming station, sealing station, etc. In addition, the controller can also be used as a valve, which compared to the conventional systems that require a valve and a pressure regulator, a component is saved.

Eine weitere vorteilhafte Anwendung der Erfindung ergibt sich beim Begasungsvorgang. Mit dem erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren bzw. der Vorrichtung ist es möglich, einen sanften Anstieg des Volumenstroms in die Packung und danach einen steilen Anstieg zu realisieren, um ein Aufblähen der Packung, aufgrund des zunächst fehlenden Gegendrucks und die damit einhergehende zu späte Regelung, zu vermeiden.A further advantageous application of the invention results in the gassing process. With the method and the device according to the invention, it is possible to realize a gentle increase in the volume flow in the package and then a steep increase in order to avoid inflation of the pack, due to the lack of back pressure and the associated late regulation.

Ein weiterer Vorteil der Erfindung ist die durch die Reproduzierbarkeit des Prozesses ermöglichte Qualitätskontrolle. Es bestehen keine Fehlermöglichkeiten durch manuelle Einstellbarkeit von Drücken. Die erforderlichen Werte können prozessabhängig hinterlegt und mit diesem automatisch abgerufen werden. Durch das Steuer-/Regelsystem besteht die Gewährleistung, dass über die gesamte Prozesszeit der gleiche Druck in der Vorrichtung ansteht.Another advantage of the invention is the quality control made possible by the reproducibility of the process. There are no errors due to manual adjustability of pressures. The required values can be stored depending on the process and retrieved automatically. The control system ensures that the same pressure is present in the device throughout the entire process time.

Weitere Merkmale und Zweckmäßigkeiten der Erfindung ergeben sich aus der Beschreibung von Ausführungsbeispielen anhand der beigefügten Zeichnungen. Von den Figuren zeigen:

Fig. 1
eine schematische Seitenansicht einer Verpackungsmaschine mit Form-, Siegel-, und Schneidstation;
Fig. 2
eine schematische Ansicht einer Formstation mit der erfindungsgemäßen Druckregelung;
Fig. 3
ein schematisches Blockbild des Proportionalreglers und der Steuerung;
Fig. 4a
ein Diagramm zum Vergleich einer herkömmlichen Druckeinstellung mit der erfindungsge- mäßen Druckeinstellung über den Proportionalregler;
Fig. 4b
ein Diagramm zum Vergleich eines herkömmlichen mit der erfindungsgemäßen Proportionaldurchflussregelung;
Fig. 5a
einen Graph 40a, der den Druckaufbau beim Heizvorgang ohne Proportionalregler zeigt;
Fig. 5b
einen Graph 40b, der den Druckaufbau beim Formvorgang ohne Proportionalregler zeigt;
Fig. 6a
einen Graph 41a, der den Druckaufbau beim Heizvorgang mit Proportionalregler zeigt;
Fig. 6b
einen Graph 41b, der den Druckaufbau beim Formvorgang mit Proportionalregler zeigt.
Further features and advantages of the invention will become apparent from the description of embodiments with reference to the accompanying drawings. From the figures show:
Fig. 1
a schematic side view of a packaging machine with forming, sealing, and cutting station;
Fig. 2
a schematic view of a forming station with the pressure control according to the invention;
Fig. 3
a schematic block diagram of the proportional controller and the controller;
Fig. 4a
a diagram for comparing a conventional pressure setting with the erfindungsge- proper pressure setting via the proportional controller;
Fig. 4b
a diagram for comparing a conventional with the proportional flow control according to the invention;
Fig. 5a
a graph 40a showing the pressure build-up in the heating process without proportional controller;
Fig. 5b
a graph 40b showing the pressure build-up during the molding process without proportional controller;
Fig. 6a
a graph 41a showing the pressure build-up during the heating process with proportional controller;
Fig. 6b
a graph 41 b, which shows the pressure build-up during the forming process with proportional controller.

Wie aus Fig. 1 ersichtlich ist, umfasst eine Verpackungsmaschine 1 nach einer Ausführungsform eine oder mehrere Formstationen 2, eine oder mehrere Evakuier- und Versiegelungsstationen 3 und eine Schneidstation 4. Eingangsseitig ist eine Zuführung für eine Unterfolie 7 vorgesehen, die von der Eingangsseite her durch die Stationen bis zum ausgangsseitigen Ende geführt wird. In bekannter Weise erfolgt in der Formstation 2 durch Tiefziehen ein Formen von Behältnissen 8. Diese werden nachfolgend mit dem zu verpackenden Gut gefüllt. Vor dem Eingang zur Evakuier- und Versiegelungsstation 3 wird eine Oberfolie 10 vor dem Eingang zur Evakuier- und Versiegelungsstation 3 auf die Oberseite der Unterfolie 7, quasi als Deckel für die Behältnisse 8, zugeführt. In der Evakuier- und Versiegelungsstation 3 wird die tiefgezogene Packung evakuiert und versiegelt. In der Schneidstation 4 werden die Packungen zuletzt getrennt.How out Fig. 1 In one embodiment, a packaging machine 1 comprises one or more forming stations 2, one or more evacuating and sealing stations 3, and a cutting station 4. On the input side, there is provided a supply for a lower film 7 from the input side through the stations to the exit side End is led. In a known manner takes place in the forming station 2 by deep drawing a forms of containers 8. These are subsequently filled with the goods to be packaged. In front of the entrance to the evacuating and sealing station 3, an upper film 10 is fed in front of the entrance to the evacuation and sealing station 3 onto the upper side of the lower film 7, as it were, as cover for the containers 8. In the evacuation and sealing station 3, the deep-drawn pack is evacuated and sealed. In the cutting station 4, the packages are last separated.

Im folgenden wird die Formstation 2 anhand von Fig. 2 beschrieben. Die Formstation 2 weist ein Kammeroberteil 23a und ein Kammerunterteil 23a, sowie eine im Kammeroberteil 23b vorgesehene Heizplatte 22 auf. Sowohl das Kammerunterteil 23a als auch das Kammeroberteil 23b sind jeweils mit einer Druckluftzuführung 26a, bzw. 26b verbunden, die ihrerseits mit einer Druckquelle 27 zum Bereitstellen von Über- oder Unterdruck verbunden sind. Jeder Druckluftzuführung ist ein Proportionalregler 24 bzw. 25 vorgeschaltet. Die Unterfolie 7 ist zwischen dem Kammerunterteil 23a und dem Kammeroberteil 23b einspannbar und durch die Heizplatte 22 erwärmbar. Für diesen Vorgang ist ein definierter Druck erforderlich um Abdrücke und Eintrübung der Folie zu vermeiden. Der Druck wird über den Proportionalregler 24 erzeugt. Der Proportionalregler 25 dient zum Anlegen eines definierten Drucks an das Kammerunterteil zum Formen der Unterfolie.In the following, the forming station 2 is based on Fig. 2 described. The forming station 2 has a chamber upper part 23a and a lower chamber part 23a, and a heating plate 22 provided in the upper chamber part 23b. Both the lower chamber part 23a and the upper chamber part 23b are each connected to a compressed air supply 26a, 26b, which in turn are connected to a pressure source 27 for providing overpressure or underpressure. Each compressed air supply is preceded by a proportional controller 24 or 25. The lower film 7 can be clamped between the lower chamber part 23a and the upper chamber part 23b and heated by the heating plate 22. For this process, a defined pressure is required to prevent prints and clouding of the film. The pressure is generated via the proportional controller 24. The proportional controller 25 is used to apply a defined pressure to the lower chamber part for forming the lower film.

Fig. 3 zeigt die Verbindung zwischen dem Proportionalregler 24 bzw. 25 einer Maschinensteuerung 28 und der Formstation 2. Der Proportionalregler 24 bzw. 25 beinhaltet ein Ventil 29 und eine Regelelektronik 30 für das Ventil. Die Maschinensteuerung 28 ist derart ausgebildet, dass sie der Regelelektronik 30 des Proportionalreglers 24, 25 einen Spannungswert, z.B. 0-10V, der einem Drucksollwert entspricht, liefert. Die Regelelektronik 30 steuert das Ventil 29, um den Istdruck, der in der Arbeitsstation mit Hilfe einer Messvorrichtung gemessen wird, an den vorgegebenen Sollwert anzugleichen. Bei der Programmierung der Steuersoftware werden verschiedenen Spannungspotentialen Drücke, bzw. Ventilquerschnitte zugeordnet. Die mechanischen Komponenten des Systems werden durch die angelegte Spannung gesteuert. Mit der Durchflussmenge des Ventils verändert sich entsprechend auch der Druck nach der Gesetzmäßigkeit p = F/A (Druck = Kraft/Fläche). Fig. 3 shows the connection between the proportional controller 24 and 25 of a machine controller 28 and the forming station 2. The proportional controller 24 and 25 includes a valve 29 and a control electronics 30 for the valve. The machine controller 28 is designed such that it provides the control electronics 30 of the proportional controller 24, 25 a voltage value, for example 0-10V, which corresponds to a pressure setpoint. The control electronics 30 controls the valve 29 to equalize the actual pressure, which is measured in the workstation by means of a measuring device, to the predetermined desired value. When programming the control software, different voltage potentials are assigned pressures or valve cross sections. The mechanical components of the system are controlled by the applied voltage. With the flow rate of the valve, the pressure also changes according to the law p = F / A (pressure = force / area).

Die Formstation 2 dient zum Formen von Behältnissen aus Folie mittels Druckluft und/oder mittels Vakuum mit oder ohne einen Stempel. Zum Formen wird die Folie 7 eingespannt und zunächst an der Heizplatte 22 erwärmt. Anschließend wird die Folie mit Hilfe von einem eingestellten Druck und/oder mittels Vakuum mit oder ohne einen Stempel möglichst schnell und dadurch mit gleichmäßiger Wandstärke und geringer Abkühlung während des Formvorgangs ausgeformt. Dabei bestimmt der eingestellte Druck in Abhängigkeit von Foliendicke, Ziehtiefe und Behälterform im Wesentlichen das Ergebnis. Vorzugsweise erfolgt die Regelung so, dass zu Beginn der Verformung kurzzeitlich das Ventil voll geöffnet wird, um eine möglichst schnelle Verformung zu erreichen und dann der Druck begrenzt und nachgeregelt wird.The forming station 2 is used to form containers made of film by means of compressed air and / or by means of vacuum with or without a punch. For shaping, the film 7 is clamped and first heated on the heating plate 22. Subsequently, the film is formed by means of a set pressure and / or by means of vacuum with or without a punch as quickly as possible and thereby with uniform wall thickness and low cooling during the molding process. The set pressure, depending on the film thickness, drawing depth and container shape, essentially determines the result. Preferably, the control is carried out so that at the beginning of the deformation, the valve is briefly fully opened in order to achieve the fastest possible deformation and then the pressure is limited and readjusted.

Im Folgenden wird anhand von Fig. 1 und Fig. 2 beispielhaft die Herstellung einer Packung beschrieben. Zunächst wird in der Formstation 2 die Unterfolie verformt, so dass ein Behältnis entsteht. Die Unterfolie 7 wird in der Formstation 2 zunächst zwischen Kammerunterteil 23a und Kammeroberteil 23b eingeklemmt. Im nächsten Schritt wird die Folie durch den vom Proportionalregler 24 bereitgestellten Überdruck in Richtung der Heizplatte 22 gedrückt und durch diese erwärmt. Anschließend wird die Folie durch das Bereitstellen von Überdruck durch den Proportionalregler 25 in Richtung des Kammerunterteils 23a verformt. Die Folie kühlt hierbei ab, die Form der Packung bleibt erhalten. Dabei bestimmt der eingestellte Druck in Abhängigkeit von Foliendicke, Ziehtiefe und Behälterform im Wesentlichen das Ergebnis.The following is based on Fig. 1 and Fig. 2 exemplified the preparation of a pack. First, the lower film is deformed in the forming station 2, so that a container is formed. The lower film 7 is first clamped in the forming station 2 between the lower chamber part 23a and the upper chamber part 23b. In the next step, the film is pressed by the overpressure provided by the proportional controller 24 in the direction of the heating plate 22 and heated by it. Subsequently, the film is deformed by providing overpressure by the proportional regulator 25 in the direction of the chamber lower part 23a. The film cools down, the shape of the pack is retained. The set pressure, depending on the film thickness, drawing depth and container shape, essentially determines the result.

Bei dem erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren zum Herstellen von Packungen aus einer Folie werden die Drücke in der Formvorrichtung 2 durch die elektronischen Proportionalregler 24, 25 eingestellt. Die Drücke können über ein Maschinendisplay eingestellt und prozessabhängig abgespeichert werden. Durch das im Proportionalregler integrierte Steuerungs- und Regelsystem wird der aktuell in der Vorrichtung anstehende Druck aufgenommen werden und ist somit reproduzierbar. Die Regelung kann auch von der Maschinensteuerung 28 vorgenommen werden.In the method according to the invention for producing packs from a film, the pressures in the molding apparatus 2 are adjusted by the electronic proportional regulators 24, 25. The pressures can be set via a machine display and stored depending on the process become. Due to the control and regulation system integrated in the proportional controller, the pressure currently present in the device will be absorbed and thus reproducible. The control can also be performed by the machine controller 28.

Die Formstation wird in sehr kurzer Zeit über den Proportionalregler 24, 25 auf den eingestellten und zur Verformung nötigen Druck gebracht und bis zum Erkalten der Folie 7 und damit bleibenden Verformung auf diesem Druck gehalten. Anschließend wird der Druck bevorzugt schnellstmöglich aus der Vorrichtung in die Atmosphäre entspannt.The forming station is brought in a very short time via the proportional controller 24, 25 to the set and necessary for the deformation pressure and held until the film 7 and thus permanent deformation at this pressure. Subsequently, the pressure is preferably released as quickly as possible from the device into the atmosphere.

Das Behältnis wird anschließend befüllt (nicht gezeigt) und dann mit der Deckelfolie 10 in der Siegelstation 3 verschlossen und zuvor ggf. noch begast. Anschließend werden die Packungen in der Schneidestation 4 vereinzelt.The container is then filled (not shown) and then closed with the lid film 10 in the sealing station 3 and previously gassed if necessary. Subsequently, the packages are separated in the cutting station 4.

Nun wird mit Bezug auf die Figuren 4 bis 6 die Wirkungsweise des Proportionalreglers gemäß der Erfindung näher beschrieben.Well, with respect to the FIGS. 4 to 6 the operation of the proportional regulator according to the invention described in more detail.

In Fig. 4a ist in einem Druck-Zeit-Diagramm ein Vergleich des erfindungsgemäßen Proportionalreglers mit einem herkömmlichen Proportionalregler dargestellt. Der erfindungsgemäße Proportionalregler weist eine schnellere Ansprechzeit als der herkömmliche Regler auf. Wie aus Fig. 4a ersichtlich, entfällt eine träge Regelung zu Beginn der Druckänderung. Durch ein großes Füllvolumen, kann der Druck schnell ansteigen, daher ist keine vorsichtige Regelung zu Beginn notwendig. Durch das bekannte, verhältnismäßig große Volumen des zu begasenden, zu befüllenden oder zu evakuierenden Bereichs, bezüglich dem Maximaldruck, ist eine Optimierung des Proportionalreglers möglich. Erreicht wird dies durch die elektronische Ansteuerung des Proportionalreglers. Die benötigte Sensorik befindet sich innerhalb des Reglers. Durch das Mess- und Regelsystem des Proportionalreglers oder der Maschinensteuerung 28 wird ein Überdruck verhindert, bei Leckagen wird der Druck nachgeregelt.In Fig. 4a is a comparison of the proportional controller according to the invention with a conventional proportional controller shown in a pressure-time diagram. The proportional controller according to the invention has a faster response time than the conventional controller. How out Fig. 4a As can be seen, eliminates a sluggish regulation at the beginning of the pressure change. Due to a large filling volume, the pressure can rise quickly, so no careful regulation is necessary at the beginning. Due to the known, relatively large volume of the area to be fumigated, to be filled or to be evacuated, with respect to the maximum pressure, an optimization of the proportional regulator is possible. This is achieved by the electronic control of the proportional controller. The required sensors is inside the controller. The measuring and control system of the proportional controller or the machine controller 28 prevents overpressure, with leakages the pressure is readjusted.

In Fig. 4b ist in einem Volumenstrom-Zeit-Diagramm der Vergleich von einem herkömmlichen Proportionalregler, einer Kombination aus einem Ventil und manuellem Druckregler und einer speziellen Regelung für den Begasungsvorgang mit dem erfindungsgemäßen Proportionaldurchflussregler. Erfindungsgemäß erfolgt hierbei vor dem steilen Anstieg im oberen Bereich des Diagramms zunächst ein sanfter Anstieg des Volumenstroms, um gerade bei kleineren Kammern ein Aufblähen der Packung zu vermeiden.In Fig. 4b is in a flow-time diagram of the comparison of a conventional proportional controller, a combination of a valve and manual pressure regulator and a special control for the gassing process with the proportional flow controller according to the invention. In accordance with the invention, before the steep rise in the upper region of the diagram, a gentle increase in the volume flow initially takes place in order to prevent inflation of the pack, especially for smaller chambers.

In Fig. 5a (links im Bild) ist der Druckaufbau beim Heizvorgang ohne Proportionalregler anhand des Graphs 40a dargestellt. Der Heizdruck steigt zunächst über den Sollwert an und fällt anschließend durch Undichtigkeit unter den gewünschten Wert. Ein weiterer Nachteil ist, dass der gewünschte Druck nicht eingestellt werden kann, sondern nur über die Zeit t mit großer Abweichung erreicht werden kann.In Fig. 5a (left in the picture) the pressure build-up during the heating process without a proportional controller is shown on the basis of graph 40a. The heating pressure initially rises above the setpoint and then drops below the desired value due to leakage. Another disadvantage is that the desired pressure can not be adjusted, but can only be achieved over the time t with great deviation.

In Fig. 5b (rechts im Bild) ist der Druckaufbau beim Formvorgang ohne Proportionalregler anhand des Graphs 40b dargestellt. Der Formdruck steigt zunächst knapp über den gewünschten Wert (Sollwert) an und fällt anschließend durch Undichtigkeit weit unter den gewünschten Wert. Ein Nachteil ist, dass der gewünschte Druck nicht eingestellt werden kann, sondern nur über die Zeit t mit großer Abweichung erreicht werden.In Fig. 5b (right in the picture) the pressure build-up during the forming process without a proportional controller is shown on the basis of the graph 40b. The mold pressure initially rises slightly above the desired value (setpoint) and then falls due to leakage far below the desired value. A disadvantage is that the desired pressure can not be set, but can only be achieved over time t with great deviation.

In Fig. 6a (links im Bild) ist der Druckaufbau beim Heizvorgang mit Proportionalregler anhand des Graphs 41a dargestellt. Der Heizdruck steigt auf den gewünschten Wert Sollwert an. Überschwingen liegt im Toleranzfeld. Er verbleibt dann bis zum Ende der eingestellten Zeit unabhängig von eventuellen Undichtigkeiten auf dem eingestellten Druck. Ein Vorteil ist, dass der gewünschte Druck über das Bedienterminal eingestellt werden kann.In Fig. 6a (left in the picture) the pressure build-up during the heating process with proportional controller is shown on the basis of the graph 41a. The heating pressure rises to the desired value Setpoint. Overshoot is in the tolerance field. It then remains at the set pressure until the end of the set time regardless of any leaks. One advantage is that the desired pressure can be set via the operator terminal.

In Fig. 6b (rechts im Bild) ist der Druckaufbau beim Formvorgang mit Proportionalregler anhand des Graphs 41b dargestellt. Der Formdruck steigt auf den Sollwert an. Überschwingen liegt im Toleranzfeld. Er verbleibt dann bis zum Ende der eingestellten Zeit unabhängig von eventuellen Undichtigkeiten auf dem eingestellten Druck. Ein Vorteil ist, dass der gewünschte Druck über das Bedienterminal eingestellt werden kann.In Fig. 6b (right in the picture) the pressure build-up during the forming process with proportional controller is shown on the basis of graph 41b. The mold pressure rises to the setpoint. Overshoot is in the tolerance field. It then remains at the set pressure until the end of the set time regardless of any leaks. One advantage is that the desired pressure can be set via the operator terminal.

Der Proportionalitätsregler kommt vorzugsweise bei der Formstation zum Einsatz, in der die Folie für die Verpackung geformt wird. Sämtliche Arbeitsstationen einer Verpackungsmaschine können jedoch mit der erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung ausgestattet werden, bzw. nach dem erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren arbeiten.The proportionality controller is preferably used in the forming station in which the film is molded for packaging. However, all workstations of a packaging machine can be equipped with the device according to the invention, or work according to the inventive method.

Im Betrieb der Siegelstation werden Oberteil und Unterteil durch Bereitstellen von Druck zusammengepresst und dann versiegelt. Durch ein Luftkissen kann der Druck gezielt aufgebaut und erhalten werden.During operation of the sealing station, the upper and lower parts are pressed together by providing pressure and then sealed. Through an air cushion, the pressure can be selectively built up and maintained.

Ein weiteres Beispiel der erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung ist eine Arbeitsstation, die eine Begasungsvorrichtung aufweist. Hierbei ist ein anfänglich sanfter, später ein steiler Anstieg des Volumenstroms wünschenswert. Bei allen Arbeitsstationen wird der Druck gemessen und geregelt und wird dementsprechend auch während des Arbeitsvorgangs nachgeregelt, um ein optimales Ergebnis zu erzielen.Another example of the device according to the invention is a workstation having a gassing device. Here, an initially gentle, later a steep increase in the volume flow is desirable. In all workstations, the pressure is measured and regulated and is accordingly readjusted during the work process in order to achieve an optimal result.

Zusätzlich können Schnellentlüftungsventile zum maximalen Druckausgleich mit der Umgebung vorgesehen sein. Um empfindliche Produkte nicht zu beschädigen kann außerdem ein Drosselventil vorgesehen sein, um bei Vakuum die Absauggeschwindigkeit zu drosseln. Diese Komponenten sind bereits aus dem Stand der Technik bekannt. Ebenfalls denkbar ist eine variable Klappensteuerung in Form eines Proportionaldurchflussreglers.In addition, quick exhaust valves can be provided for maximum pressure equalization with the environment. In order not to damage sensitive products, a throttle valve may also be provided to throttle the suction rate at vacuum. These components are already known from the prior art. Also conceivable is a variable flap control in the form of a proportional flow controller.

Claims (20)

Verpackungsmaschine mit wenigstens einer Arbeitstation, in der mittels Unter- oder Überdruck auf die Folie eingewirkt wird, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Druck und/oder der Volumenstrom mittels eines Proportionalreglers (24, 25) geregelt wird.Packaging machine with at least one work station, in which the film is acted upon by underpressure or overpressure, characterized in that the pressure and / or the volume flow is regulated by means of a proportional regulator (24, 25). Verpackungsmaschine nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Proportionalregler (24, 25) ein Ventil und eine Regelelektronik (30) aufweist, die das Ventil in Abhängigkeit von einem vorgegebenen Drucksollwert und/oder einem Volumenstromsollwert und einem gemessenen Druckistwert und/oder Volumenstromistwert regelt.Packaging machine according to claim 1, characterized in that the proportional regulator (24, 25) comprises a valve and an electronic control unit (30) which regulates the valve in dependence on a predetermined pressure setpoint and / or a volumetric flow setpoint and a measured pressure actual value and / or volumetric flow actual value. Verpackungsmaschine nach Anspruch 1 oder 2 dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Proportionalregler (24, 25) mit einer Maschinensteuerung (28) verbunden ist von der er einen vorgegebenen Drucksollwert und/oder einen Volumenstromsollwert empfängt oder von der er geregelt wird.Packaging machine according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the proportional controller (24, 25) is connected to a machine control (28) from which it receives a predetermined pressure setpoint and / or a volumetric flow setpoint or is regulated by it. Verpackungsmaschine nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass ein vorgegebener Druck und/oder Volumenstrom, der über den Proportionalregler (24, 25) eingestellt werden soll, vorzugsweise über ein Display einstellbar und in einem Speicher speicherbar ist.Packaging machine according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that a predetermined pressure and / or flow rate, which is to be adjusted via the proportional controller (24, 25), preferably via a display adjustable and storable in a memory. Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Proportionalregler (24, 25) so ausgebildet ist, dass der Druck und/oder der Volumenstrom während des Vorgangs nachregelbar ist.Device according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the proportional regulator (24, 25) is formed so that the pressure and / or the flow rate during the process is nachregelbar. Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 5 dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Proportionalregler (24, 25) derart ausgebildet ist, dass der aktuell in der Arbeitsstation anstehende Druck erfassbar ist.Device according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the proportional controller (24, 25) in such a way is formed so that the currently pending in the workstation pressure can be detected. Verpackungsmaschine nach einem der Ansprüche 2 bis 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Regelung so ausgebildet ist, dass zu Beginn der Verformung das Ventil kurzzeitig voll geöffnet wird und dann den Druck begrenzt und nachregelt.Packaging machine according to one of claims 2 to 6, characterized in that the control is designed so that at the beginning of the deformation, the valve is fully opened for a short time and then limits the pressure and readjusted. Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Arbeitsstation eine Formstation (2) ist.Device according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the workstation is a forming station (2). Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 8, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Arbeitsstation eine Siegelstation (3) ist.Device according to one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the workstation is a sealing station (3). Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 9, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Arbeitsstation eine Begasungsvorrichtung aufweist.Device according to one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that the workstation comprises a gassing device. Verfahren zum Herstellen von Packungen aus einer Folie in einer Verpackungsmaschine mit wenigstens einer Arbeitsstation, in der mittels Unter- oder Überdruck auf die Folie eingewirkt wird, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Druck und/oder der Volumenstrommittels eines Proportionalreglers (24, 25) geregelt wird.Method for producing packs from a film in a packaging machine with at least one work station, in which the film is acted upon by underpressure or overpressure, characterized in that the pressure and / or the volume flow means of a proportional regulator (24, 25) is regulated. Verfahren nach Anspruch 11, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass durch eine Regelelektronik (30) des Proportionalreglers (24, 25), ein Ventil in Abhängigkeit von einem vorgegebenen Drucksollwert und/oder einem Volumenstromsollwert und einem gemessenen Druckistwert und/oder Volumenstromistwert geregelt wird.A method according to claim 11, characterized in that by a control electronics (30) of the proportional controller (24, 25), a valve in response to a predetermined pressure setpoint and / or a volume flow setpoint and a measured pressure actual value and / or volumetric flow actual value is controlled. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 11 oder 12, durch eine mit dem Proportionalregler (24, 25) verbundene Maschinensteuerung (28) von dieser ein vorgegebener Drucksollwert und/oder ein Volumenstromsollwert übertragen wird.Method according to one of claims 11 or 12, by a with the proportional controller (24, 25) connected to the machine control (28) from this a predetermined pressure setpoint and / or a volume flow setpoint is transmitted. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 11 bis 13, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass ein vorgegebener Druck und/oder Volumenstrom, der über den Proportionalregler (24, 25) eingestellt werden soll über ein Display eingestellt und in einem Speicher gespeichert wird.Method according to one of claims 11 to 13, characterized in that a predetermined pressure and / or flow rate, which is to be adjusted via the proportional controller (24, 25) set via a display and stored in a memory. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 11 bis 14, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Proportionalregler (24, 25) so ausgebildet ist, dass der Druck und/oder der Volumenstrom während des Vorgangs nachgeregelt wird.Method according to one of claims 11 to 14, characterized in that the proportional regulator (24, 25) is designed so that the pressure and / or the flow rate is readjusted during the process. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 11 bis 15, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Proportionalregler (24, 25) derart ausgebildet ist, dass der aktuell in der Arbeitsstation anstehende Druck erfasst werden kann.Method according to one of claims 11 to 15, characterized in that the proportional controller (24, 25) is designed such that the currently pending in the workstation pressure can be detected. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 11 bis 16, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Regelung so erfolgt, dass zu Beginn der Verformung das Ventil kurzzeitig voll geöffnet wird und dann der Druck begrenzt und nachgeregelt wird.Method according to one of claims 11 to 16, characterized in that the control is carried out so that at the beginning of the deformation, the valve is fully opened for a short time and then the pressure is limited and readjusted. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 11 bis 17, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass in der Arbeitsstation die Packung geformt wird.Method according to one of claims 11 to 17, characterized in that the package is formed in the workstation. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 11 bis 18, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass in der Arbeitsstation die Packung gesiegelt wird.Method according to one of claims 11 to 18, characterized in that in the workstation, the package is sealed. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 11 bis 19, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass in der Arbeitsstation die Packung begast wird.Method according to one of claims 11 to 19, characterized in that the packing is gassed in the workstation.
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DE102007031527B3 (en) 2008-06-19
ATE500141T1 (en) 2011-03-15
DE502008002708D1 (en) 2011-04-14
EP2011734B1 (en) 2011-03-02
US8091322B2 (en) 2012-01-10
US20090071100A1 (en) 2009-03-19

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