EP2007576A1 - Photoluminescent sheet - Google Patents
Photoluminescent sheetInfo
- Publication number
- EP2007576A1 EP2007576A1 EP06812231A EP06812231A EP2007576A1 EP 2007576 A1 EP2007576 A1 EP 2007576A1 EP 06812231 A EP06812231 A EP 06812231A EP 06812231 A EP06812231 A EP 06812231A EP 2007576 A1 EP2007576 A1 EP 2007576A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- weight
- parts
- phosphor
- photoluminescent sheet
- silicone resin
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 133
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 94
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 53
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 53
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 229920001187 thermosetting polymer Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 229920002050 silicone resin Polymers 0.000 claims description 60
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 claims description 34
- 238000009736 wetting Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000010408 film Substances 0.000 description 38
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 18
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 13
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 10
- 229910019655 synthetic inorganic crystalline material Inorganic materials 0.000 description 9
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 8
- 230000005284 excitation Effects 0.000 description 7
- 229920001296 polysiloxane Polymers 0.000 description 7
- 239000003086 colorant Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000002708 enhancing effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- 230000001965 increasing effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000007639 printing Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 5
- 229920005992 thermoplastic resin Polymers 0.000 description 5
- 229910052684 Cerium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- -1 polyethylene terephthalate Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 229920000139 polyethylene terephthalate Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 239000005020 polyethylene terephthalate Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000007650 screen-printing Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000002270 dispersing agent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000004417 polycarbonate Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229920000515 polycarbonate Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229920000178 Acrylic resin Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000004925 Acrylic resin Substances 0.000 description 2
- PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Styrene Chemical compound C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Toluene Natural products CC1=CC=CC=C1 YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000002518 antifoaming agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- TZCXTZWJZNENPQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L barium sulfate Chemical compound [Ba+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O TZCXTZWJZNENPQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 2
- OSGAYBCDTDRGGQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium sulfate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O OSGAYBCDTDRGGQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920002545 silicone oil Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000001228 spectrum Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910018626 Al(OH) Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052688 Gadolinium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- CTQNGGLPUBDAKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N O-Xylene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1C CTQNGGLPUBDAKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BPQQTUXANYXVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Orthosilicate Chemical compound [O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] BPQQTUXANYXVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004793 Polystyrene Substances 0.000 description 1
- XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc monoxide Chemical compound [Zn]=O XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000002776 aggregation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004220 aggregation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- WNROFYMDJYEPJX-UHFFFAOYSA-K aluminium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[Al+3] WNROFYMDJYEPJX-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 239000012298 atmosphere Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011324 bead Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005587 bubbling Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003183 carcinogenic agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- GWXLDORMOJMVQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N cerium Chemical compound [Ce] GWXLDORMOJMVQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910019990 cerium-doped yttrium aluminum garnet Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004927 clay Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003111 delayed effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010432 diamond Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910003460 diamond Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003203 everyday effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004438 eyesight Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052733 gallium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002223 garnet Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000204 garnet group Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052809 inorganic oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000004898 kneading Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007791 liquid phase Substances 0.000 description 1
- ZLNQQNXFFQJAID-UHFFFAOYSA-L magnesium carbonate Chemical compound [Mg+2].[O-]C([O-])=O ZLNQQNXFFQJAID-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000001095 magnesium carbonate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000021 magnesium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- QSHDDOUJBYECFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N mercury Chemical compound [Hg] QSHDDOUJBYECFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052753 mercury Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000008188 pellet Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920003207 poly(ethylene-2,6-naphthalate) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920003229 poly(methyl methacrylate) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000011112 polyethylene naphthalate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004926 polymethyl methacrylate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002223 polystyrene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000002441 reversible effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000012239 silicon dioxide Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920003002 synthetic resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000000057 synthetic resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010409 thin film Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004408 titanium dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N titanium oxide Inorganic materials [Ti]=O OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000001131 transforming effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002834 transmittance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012780 transparent material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008096 xylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052727 yttrium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
- E01C—CONSTRUCTION OF, OR SURFACES FOR, ROADS, SPORTS GROUNDS, OR THE LIKE; MACHINES OR AUXILIARY TOOLS FOR CONSTRUCTION OR REPAIR
- E01C15/00—Pavings specially adapted for footpaths, sidewalks or cycle tracks
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
- B32B27/06—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material
- B32B27/08—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material of synthetic resin
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
- B32B27/18—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin characterised by the use of special additives
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
- B32B27/18—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin characterised by the use of special additives
- B32B27/26—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin characterised by the use of special additives using curing agents
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
- B32B27/28—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising synthetic resins not wholly covered by any one of the sub-groups B32B27/30 - B32B27/42
- B32B27/283—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising synthetic resins not wholly covered by any one of the sub-groups B32B27/30 - B32B27/42 comprising polysiloxanes
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
- B32B27/36—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising polyesters
- B32B27/365—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising polyesters comprising polycarbonates
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K11/00—Luminescent, e.g. electroluminescent, chemiluminescent materials
- C09K11/02—Use of particular materials as binders, particle coatings or suspension media therefor
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K11/00—Luminescent, e.g. electroluminescent, chemiluminescent materials
- C09K11/08—Luminescent, e.g. electroluminescent, chemiluminescent materials containing inorganic luminescent materials
- C09K11/77—Luminescent, e.g. electroluminescent, chemiluminescent materials containing inorganic luminescent materials containing rare earth metals
- C09K11/7766—Luminescent, e.g. electroluminescent, chemiluminescent materials containing inorganic luminescent materials containing rare earth metals containing two or more rare earth metals
- C09K11/7774—Aluminates
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
- B32B2307/30—Properties of the layers or laminate having particular thermal properties
- B32B2307/306—Resistant to heat
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
- B32B2307/40—Properties of the layers or laminate having particular optical properties
- B32B2307/422—Luminescent, fluorescent, phosphorescent
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2457/00—Electrical equipment
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
- E01C—CONSTRUCTION OF, OR SURFACES FOR, ROADS, SPORTS GROUNDS, OR THE LIKE; MACHINES OR AUXILIARY TOOLS FOR CONSTRUCTION OR REPAIR
- E01C11/00—Details of pavings
- E01C11/22—Gutters; Kerbs ; Surface drainage of streets, roads or like traffic areas
- E01C11/224—Surface drainage of streets
- E01C11/225—Paving specially adapted for through-the-surfacing drainage, e.g. perforated, porous; Preformed paving elements comprising, or adapted to form, passageways for carrying off drainage
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
- Y02B20/00—Energy efficient lighting technologies, e.g. halogen lamps or gas discharge lamps
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/24—Structurally defined web or sheet [e.g., overall dimension, etc.]
- Y10T428/24942—Structurally defined web or sheet [e.g., overall dimension, etc.] including components having same physical characteristic in differing degree
- Y10T428/2495—Thickness [relative or absolute]
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/31504—Composite [nonstructural laminate]
- Y10T428/31507—Of polycarbonate
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/31504—Composite [nonstructural laminate]
- Y10T428/31652—Of asbestos
- Y10T428/31663—As siloxane, silicone or silane
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/31504—Composite [nonstructural laminate]
- Y10T428/31786—Of polyester [e.g., alkyd, etc.]
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/31504—Composite [nonstructural laminate]
- Y10T428/31855—Of addition polymer from unsaturated monomers
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/31504—Composite [nonstructural laminate]
- Y10T428/31855—Of addition polymer from unsaturated monomers
- Y10T428/31938—Polymer of monoethylenically unsaturated hydrocarbon
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a photoluminescent sheet, more particularly, to a photoluminescent sheet capable of implementing white light from the blue light of an LED (light emitting diode).
- Various types of lighting equipment are used for providing light in the nighttime or in an indoor space and for spotlighting objects. Such lighting equipment provides light by receiving electrical energy from an electrical power source and converting it to light energy, where incandescent light bulbs or fluorescent tubes are generally used.
- incandescent light bulbs and fluorescent tubes entail high power consumption and heat emission, and due to their short durability of about six months, there is a need for frequent replacement.
- fluorescent tubes use mercury, which is a carcinogenic substance, and may thus be subject to regulations, and when fluorescent tubes are used for direct lighting, the flickering of the light source may cause weakened eyesight.
- mercury which is a carcinogenic substance
- fluorescent tubes are used for direct lighting, the flickering of the light source may cause weakened eyesight.
- drawbacks including the requirement of large installation spaces, and difficulties in installation and color adjustment, etc.
- LED's light emitting diodes
- An LED has a semipermanent durability of about one hundred thousand hours, and since it uses light having a longer wavelength than that of ultraviolet rays, it is harmless to the human body.
- LED's can be grouped, according to the wavelength of the light emitted, into blue
- LED's, white LED's, and ultraviolet LED's etc.
- ultraviolet LED's and white LED's not only require complicated fabricating processes, but also incur much higher fabricating costs, such that their use is substantially limited.
- a photoluminescent sheet for implementing white colors with inexpensive blue LED's.
- Such lighting equipment may be used for a backlight unit in a cell phone, etc.
- the conventional photoluminescent sheet is formed by kneading an inorganic phosphor with a thermoplastic resin as the matrix resin using a two-axis extruder, it is difficult to obtain uniform mixing of the phosphor in the resin sheet, which causes severe non-uniformity in luminance and color coordinates.
- thermoplastic resins such as polycarbonate or polymethylmethacrylate resin, etc., used for the matrix resin were limited in application, because they are high in brittleness and may easily break, as in the photograph of Fig. 1, and because they are low in heat-resistance (120°C or lower) and may easily undergo plastic deformation at high temperatures.
- An aspect of the present invention aims to provide a photoluminescent sheet which can implement white light using inexpensive blue LED's, and which has high resistance to heat, brittleness, and humidity.
- Another aspect of the invention aims to provide a photoluminescent sheet in which the surface of the photoluminescent sheet is deformed for light diffusion, and in which wetting, which occurs due to contact when stacking with other sheets, is prevented.
- One aspect of the invention provides a photoluminescent sheet that includes a matrix resin layer, which is a thermosetting resin; a phosphor, which is included in the matrix resin layer and which converts the wavelength of light emitted from a blue LED; a curing agent, which is included in the matrix resin layer and which cures liquid thermosetting resin; and an additive, which is included in the matrix resin layer and which disperses the phosphor uniformly within the matrix resin layer.
- a matrix resin layer which is a thermosetting resin
- a phosphor which is included in the matrix resin layer and which converts the wavelength of light emitted from a blue LED
- a curing agent which is included in the matrix resin layer and which cures liquid thermosetting resin
- an additive which is included in the matrix resin layer and which disperses the phosphor uniformly within the matrix resin layer.
- the photoluminescent sheet may be fabricated, according to usage, as a luminance- enhancing photoluminescent sheet, luminance- and chromaticity-enhancing photoluminescent sheet, or a chromaticity-enhancing photoluminescent sheet. These may be fabricated in the following composition ratios.
- a luminance-enhancing photoluminescent sheet may be fabricated to include 0.05 ⁇ 5 parts by weight of the curing agent, 0.1 ⁇ 15 parts by weight of the additive, and 1 - 90 parts by weight of the yellow phosphor, per 100 parts by weight of the silicone resin;
- a luminance- and chromaticity-enhancing photoluminescent sheet may be fabricated to include 0.05 ⁇ 5 parts by weight of the curing agent, 0.1 ⁇ 15 parts by weight of the additive, 1 - 30 parts by weight of the green phosphor, 0.1 - 60 parts by weight of the yellow phosphor, and 1 - 30 parts by weight of the red phosphor, per 100 parts by weight of the silicone resin.
- a chromaticity-enhancing photoluminescent sheet may be fabricated to include 0.05 - 5 parts by weight of the curing agent, 0.1 - 15 parts by weight of the additive, 1 - 65 parts by weight of the green phosphor, and 1 - 65 parts by weight of the red phosphor, per 100 parts by weight of the silicone resin.
- a diffusing agent may be added to the photoluminescent sheet, where the diffusing agent facilitates the refraction of light from the light source to increase the excitation rate of the phosphor and make it more uniform.
- a photoluminescent sheet may have the following composition ratios for various uses.
- a luminance-enhancing photoluminescent sheet may be fabricated to include 0.05 -
- a luminance- and chromaticity-enhancing photoluminescent sheet may be fabricated to include 0.05 - 5 parts by weight of the curing agent, 0.1 - 15 parts by weight of the additive, 5 - 15 parts by weight of the diffusing agent, 1 - 30 parts by weight of the green phosphor, 0.1 - 60 parts by weight of the yellow phosphor, and 1 - 30 parts by weight of the red phosphor, per 100 parts by weight of the silicone resin.
- a chromaticity-enhancing photoluminescent sheet may be fabricated to include 0.05 - 5 parts by weight of the curing agent, 0.1 - 15 parts by weight of the additive, 5 - 15 parts by weight of the diffusing agent, 1 - 50 parts by weight of the green phosphor, and 1 - 50 parts by weight of the red phosphor, per 100 parts by weight of the silicone resin.
- a protective film may be attached to a surface of the matrix resin layer.
- the protective film is a transparent layer, which protects the matrix resin layer for increased resistance to heat and humidity.
- the surface of the protective film may have uneven levels. This is for the functions of diffusion and anti-wetting. Minute balls for preventing wetting may be attached to the surface of the protective film, to prevent wetting when another sheet is placed in contact with the photoluminescent sheet.
- Fig. 1 is a photograph of a photoluminescent sheet according to prior art.
- Fig. 2 is a cross-sectional view of a photoluminescent sheet according to a first disclosed embodiment of the present invention.
- Fig. 3 is a photoluminescent spectra graph of three types of photoluminescent sheets according to a second disclosed embodiment of the present invention.
- Fig. 4 is a graph illustrating the relation between diffusing agent concentration and luminance in a photoluminescent sheet according to a third disclosed embodiment of the present invention.
- Fig. 5 is a flowchart illustrating a method of fabricating a photoluminescent sheet according to a fourth disclosed embodiment of the present invention.
- Fig. 3 is a photoluminescent spectra graph of three types of photoluminescent sheets according to a second disclosed embodiment of the present invention.
- Fig. 4 is a graph illustrating the relation between diffusing agent concentration and luminance in a photoluminescent sheet according to a third disclosed embodiment of the present invention.
- Fig. 5 is a flowchart illustrating a method of fabricating a photo
- FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram illustrating a method of fabricating a photoluminescent sheet according to a fourth disclosed embodiment of the present invention.
- Fig. 7 is a photograph of a photoluminescent sheet according to a fourth disclosed embodiment of the present invention.
- Fig. 8 is a photograph for reliability testing for a photoluminescent sheet according to prior art.
- Fig. 9 is a photograph for reliability testing for a photoluminescent sheet according to a fourth disclosed embodiment of the present invention.
- Fig. 10 is a cross-sectional view of a photoluminescent sheet according to a fifth disclosed embodiment of the present invention. [37] Fig.
- FIG. 11 is a photograph of a photoluminescent sheet having minute balls attached, according to a fifth disclosed embodiment of the present invention.
- Fig. 12 is a cross-sectional view of a photoluminescent sheet according to a sixth disclosed embodiment of the present invention.
- Fig. 13 is a cross-sectional view of a photoluminescent sheet according to a seventh disclosed embodiment of the present invention. [40]
- Fig. 2 is a cross-sectional view of a photoluminescent sheet according to a first disclosed embodiment of the present invention. In Fig. 2 are illustrated a yellow phosphor Ia, red phosphor Ib, green phosphor Ic, phosphor 1, matrix resin layer 2, diffusing agent 3, protective film 4, and photoluminescent sheet 10.
- the photoluminescent sheet 10 shown in Fig. 2 has the function of transforming the light of a blue LED, having a wavelength of 400 nm ⁇ 500 nm, into white light. Basically, it has the form of a thin matrix resin layer 2 having a phosphor dispersed within.
- a curing agent and an additive may be included inside the matrix resin layer 2.
- the curing agent is used for curing liquid thermosetting resin
- the additive is used for dispersing the phosphor uniformly within the liquid thermosetting resin.
- the diffusing agent 3 is for increasing the excitation rate of the phosphor and making it more uniform.
- the protective film 4 is for protecting the matrix resin layer 2.
- the matrix resin layer 2 is composed of a thermosetting resin, which may be a silicone resin. While thermoplastic resin is easy to handle, it is high in brittleness and low in humidity-resistance, making it difficult to use in a photoluminescent sheet 10. Thus, in embodiments of the invention, thermosetting resin is used, which involves more complicated processes.
- Silicone resin has good flexibility, and has superior adhesion when printed on a film. Desirable properties for silicone resin applicable to an embodiment of the invention include a light transmittance of 85% or higher, a viscosity of 3000 cP or higher, and a drying (curing) temperature of 120 °C or lower. Also, adequate mixing with the phosphor 1, etc., may be preferable, as well as low volatility and good adhesion with the protective film 4.
- Such silicone resin is commercially available, for example, the silicone resin system of LS4326 (silicone resin) - LS4326A (curing agent) - LS4326C (curing accelerator) - toluene or xylene (70%, viscosity controller or solvent), or the silicone resin system of CF5010 (silicone resin) - SO400 (curing agent) - silicone oil (viscosity controller or solvent), etc., from Dow Corning Corporation.
- silicone resin generally has an antifoaming agent already added, the problem of bubbling, which may occur in screenprinting applications, can be resolved.
- the silicone resin generally referred to below may be regarded not so much as pure silicone resin, but as silicone resin containing small amounts of materials for improving the properties of the silicone resin. This is because it is difficult to obtain pure silicone resin in the market, and because silicone resin generally referred to by those skilled in the art is the kind sold by silicone resin manufacturers.
- An inorganic phosphor is used for the phosphor 1.
- a typical light-excitation inorganic phosphor is composed by doping Y A O (YAG) with cerium, where Y A O (YAG) is a material of the garnet group.
- the light-excitation inorganic phosphor may be (Yl-x-yGdxCey)3Al O (YAG:Gd,Ce), (Yl-xCex) Al O (YAG:Ce), (Yl-xCex) 3 (All-yGay) 5 O i2 (YAG:Ga,Ce), (Yl-x-yGdxCey) 3 (A15-zGaz) 5 O 2 (YAG:Gd,Ga,Ce), or (GdI-XCeX)SC 2 Al 3 O 2 (GSAG), etc.
- a YAG-based phosphor is represented as (Yl-x-yGdxCey) (All-zGaz)O
- Ce + light emission from a garnet composition can provide a variety of colors from green ( ⁇ 540 nm; YAG:Ga,Ce) to red ( ⁇ 600 nm; YAG:Gd,Ce), without losses in light efficiency.
- a typical inorganic phosphor for emitting dark red light is SrB4O7:Sm + .
- SM + mainly contributes to producing wavelengths of a red color.
- This dark red inorganic phosphor in particular absorbs radiation from the entire visible light range of 600 nm or lower, and emits radiation having wavelengths of 650 nm or higher.
- a SrS :Eu based phosphor of wavelengths around 620nm from Phosphor Technology, Ltd. is used.
- a typical inorganic phosphor for emitting green light is SrGa S :Eu + .
- This green inorganic phosphor absorbs light of 500 nm or lower, and emits radiation having a main wavelength of 535 nm.
- a typical inorganic phosphor for emitting blue light is BaMg Al O :Eu .
- This blue inorganic phosphor absorbs light of 430 nm or lower, and emits radiation having a main wavelength of 450 nm.
- the yellow phosphor does not necessarily have to be YAG-based, and any one of
- TAG-based (Tb Al O ) or Silicate-based (Sr SiO :Eu) phosphors may also be used.
- red phosphor may also be selected from among CaS :Eu, SrS :Eu, and SrB 4
- the green phosphor may also be SrGa S :Eu.
- the diffusing agent 3 which performs the function of scattering or diffusing light to make the light uniform, is divided mainly into a transparent diffusing agent and a white diffusing agent.
- a transparent diffusing agent include organic transparent diffusing agents such as acrylic resin, styrene resin, and silicone resin, etc., and inorganic transparent diffusing agents such as synthetic silica, glass beads, and diamond, etc.
- Typical examples of the white diffusing agent include silicon dioxide (SiO ), titanium dioxide (TiO ), zinc oxide (ZnO), barium sulfate (BASO ), calcium sulfate (CaSO ), magnesium carbonate (MgCO ), aluminum hydroxide (Al(OH) ), and inorganic oxides containing clay, etc.
- the size and concentration of the diffusing agent 3 material are major factors that determine the degree of scattering of light emitted from a light source. If the diffusing agent 3 is too small in size, the light diffusion efficiency may be lowered, while too much of the diffusing agent 3 may lower the light transmissivity. In an embodiment of the present invention, the best results were obtained with sizes of SiO from 5 to 7 ⁇ m. Also, desirable results for light diffusion and transmissivity were obtained when the concentration of the diffusing agent 3 was 13 %.
- the size of the phosphor 1 material is also restricted.
- a size of 5 ⁇ 7 ⁇ m may be suitable for the phosphor 1, as an excessively small size reduces the light excitation efficiency, while an excessively large size lowers the light transmissivity and uniformity of the thin film.
- the diffusing agent 3 is not of critical importance, as it is possible to sufficiently diffuse light by deforming the surfaces of the photoluminescent sheet 10.
- a colorless transparent synthetic resin which has high light transmissivity, may be used for the protective film 4 in an embodiment of the invention, which includes, but is not limited to, polyethylene terephthalate (PET), polyethylene naphthalate, acrylic resin, polycarbonate, and polystyrene, etc.
- PET polyethylene terephthalate
- PET polyethylene naphthalate
- acrylic resin polycarbonate
- polystyrene polystyrene
- a film having a thickness of 5 ⁇ 50 ⁇ m may be used for the protective film 4. This is because a film having a thickness of 5 ⁇ m or lower is difficult to handle, while a film having a thickness of 50 ⁇ m or higher has lower light transmissivity.
- a polymer screen used in screenprinting is low in mechanical strength, it may be preferable to use a stainless-steel screen.
- the mesh size of the screen may be appropriately adjusted according to the printing thickness and grid size. In an embodiment of the invention, a screen having a mesh size of 50 - 120 was used.
- a curing agent cures liquid-phase silicone. While various types of curing agents may be used, the CF5010, CD7657, DC9800, LS4326, and DC2013 products from Dow Corning Corporation are generally used. [77] Also, one or more solutions selected from a dispersing agent for dispersing the phosphor 1 within the liquid silicone, a surface-defect-preventing agent, and a fluidity- enhancing additive may be used as additives. When such additives are not used, the phosphor 1 lumps together, to decrease the efficiency of the photoluminescent sheet 10.
- an anti-precipitating agent may be used for better mixing between the liquid silicone resin and the phosphor 1 and optionally the diffusing agent 3, to fabricate a uniform sheet or to prevent the occurrence of bubbles.
- Tables 1 and 2 list the composition ratios for photoluminescent sheets; Table 1 for the case of adding a diffusing agent, and Table 2 for the case of not using a diffusing agent.
- each of the photoluminescent sheets may be referred to, according to its characteristics, as a luminance-enhancing photoluminescent sheet, a luminance- and chromaticity-enhancing photoluminescent sheet, and a chromaticity-enhancing photoluminescent sheet.
- the luminance-enhancing photoluminescent sheet uses only the yellow phosphor, among the various phosphors.
- the light that passes the yellow phosphor material displays a low peak at around 550 nm, which is the wavelength region of yellow light
- the blue light that does not pass the yellow phosphor material displays a high peak at around its original 450 nm.
- This arrangement of wavelengths provides enhanced luminance.
- white light requires a suitable combination of red, green, and blue light, the light implemented by the luminance-enhancing photoluminescent sheet may be lacking in chromaticity.
- the light emitted from blue LED's generally does not have high luminance, it may be preferable to use a luminance-enhancing photoluminescent sheet to ensure maximum luminance for light passing the photoluminescent sheet.
- the luminance-enhancing photoluminescent sheet may be fabricated including 0.05 ⁇ 5 parts by weight of the curing agent, 0.1 - 15 parts by weight of the additive, 5 - 15 parts by weight of the diffusing agent, and 1 - 90 parts by weight of the yellow phosphor, per 100 parts by weight of the silicone resin.
- the luminance- enhancing photoluminescent sheet may be fabricated including 0.05 - 5 parts by weight of the curing agent, 0.1 - 15 parts by weight of the additive, and 1 - 90 parts by weight of the yellow phosphor, per 100 parts by weight of the silicone resin.
- the chromaticity-enhancing photoluminescent sheet is for implementing white light.
- the chromaticity-enhancing photoluminescent sheet is used in lighting devices, and this type of sheet may be preferable in indoor spaces for everyday living, in order to reduce fatigue to the eyes.
- the chromaticity-enhancing photoluminescent sheet uses a green phosphor and a red phosphor, from among the various phosphors.
- White light is implemented when wavelengths of blue, green, and red colors are suitably combined.
- the light that passes the red phosphor material displays a peak at around the wavelengths for red colors
- the light that passes the green phosphor material displays a peak at around the wavelengths for green colors
- the blue light that does not pass any of the phosphor materials displays a peak at around the wavelengths for blue colors, such that the lights blend together to implement white light.
- the chromaticity-enhancing photoluminescent sheet may be fabricated including 0.05 - 5 parts by weight of the curing agent, 0.1 - 15 parts by weight of the additive, 5 - 15 parts by weight of the diffusing agent, 1 - 50 parts by weight of the green phosphor, and 1 - 50 parts by weight of the red phosphor, per 100 parts by weight of the silicone resin.
- the chromaticity-enhancing photoluminescent sheet may be fabricated including 0.05 - 5 parts by weight of the curing agent, 0.1 - 15 parts by weight of the additive, 1 - 65 parts by weight of the green phosphor, and 1 - 65 parts by weight of the red phosphor, per 100 parts by weight of the silicone resin.
- the luminance- and chromaticity-enhancing photoluminescent sheet combines the advantages and disadvantages of the luminance-enhancing photoluminescent sheet and the chromaticity-enhancing photoluminescent sheet. That is, the luminance- and chromaticity-enhancing photoluminescent sheet has the advantage of increasing both the luminance and the chromaticity concurrently.
- the luminance- and chromaticity-enhancing photo- luminescent sheet may be fabricated including 0.05 ⁇ 5 parts by weight of the curing agent, 0.1 - 15 parts by weight of the additive, 5 - 15 parts by weight of the diffusing agent, 1 - 30 parts by weight of the green phosphor, 0.1 - 60 parts by weight of the yellow phosphor, and 1 - 30 parts by weight of the red phosphor, per 100 parts by weight of the silicone resin.
- the luminance- and chromaticity-enhancing photoluminescent sheet may be fabricated including 0.05 - 5 parts by weight of the curing agent, 0.1 - 15 parts by weight of the additive, 1 - 30 parts by weight of the green phosphor, 0.1 - 60 parts by weight of the yellow phosphor, and 1 - 30 parts by weight of the red phosphor, per 100 parts by weight of the silicone resin.
- the curing may occur while the printing is being performed, such that the thickness of the photoluminescent sheet is increased. This may cause serious process changes of altered color coordinates, and may incur serious problems in the reproduction of the fabrication process.
- One or more of a dispersing agent, a surface-defect-preventing agent, and a fluidity- enhancing additive may be mixed in for use as additives.
- the amount of additives is below 0.1 weight%, there may be serious separation and aggregation between phosphor material after the photoluminescent sheet is fabricated, to make it difficult to form a uniform surface light source, and when the amount of additives is 15 weight% or higher, reverse effects may occur, such as those listed below in Table 3.
- a composition of 1 part by weight of the green phosphor, 0.1 parts by weight of the yellow phosphor, and 1 part by weight of the red phosphor or less, per 100 parts by weight of the silicone resin causes almost no excitation of the phosphor material at all, so that the light is of a generally blue color, and there is almost no luminance increase for 30 parts by weight of the green phosphor, 60 parts by weight of the yellow phosphor, and 30 parts by weight of the red phosphor or more.
- FIG. 5 is a flowchart illustrating a method of fabricating a photoluminescent sheet according to a fourth disclosed embodiment of the present invention
- Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram illustrating a method of fabricating a photoluminescent sheet according to the fourth disclosed embodiment of the present invention.
- a protective film 4 a photoluminescent sheet 10, and silicone liquid 20.
- the curing agent, the phosphor, and optionally the diffusing agent are mixed and stirred into the silicone resin of a gel form, and the viscosity is adjusted by means of silicone oil, etc., at which the silicone liquid is fabricated. Afterwards, it is printed onto the protective film by screenprinting, slit coating, or roll coating, etc., and dry-cured to fabricate the photoluminescent sheet 10. While the photoluminescent sheet 10 may also be used after removing the protective film 4, it is generally preferable to leave the protective film 4 attached, for protection.
- a liquid silicone resin was fabricated by sequentially adding the silicone resin
- the liquid silicone resin fabricated in the manner set forth above 13 parts by weight of the phosphor and 13 parts by weight of SiO (5 - 7 ⁇ m in diameter) as the diffusing agent were mixed into the liquid silicone resin and stirred using a revolving and orbiting stirrer to fabricate a silicone liquid 20.
- the mixed silicone liquid described above was coated, using screenprinting, onto a protective film 4 (made of polyethylene) having a double-layer structure, of which the first layer has a thickness of 10 ⁇ 25 ⁇ m and the second layer has a thickness of 20 - 100 ⁇ m, as the printing surface.
- the protective film 4 was separated, to fabricate a photoluminescent sheet based on an embodiment of the invention.
- another layer of protective film 4 may further be stacked. This may increase the heat- and humidity-resistance of the photoluminescent sheet 10.
- the photoluminescent sheet according to an embodiment of the invention has superior flexibility, such that it only bends and does not break.
- Fig. 7 is a photograph (without the protective film 4) of the photoluminescent sheet according to the fourth disclosed embodiment of the present invention, which shows how the photoluminescent sheet has no cracks on the surface.
- silicone resin which is a kind of thermosetting resin, the results of which are no losses or deterioration of surface phosphors, as seen in the photograph of Fig. 9, and thus almost no reduction in luminance.
- Fig. 10 is a cross-sectional view of a photoluminescent sheet according to a fifth disclosed embodiment of the present invention
- Fig. 11 is a photograph of the photoluminescent sheet having minute balls attached, according to the fifth disclosed embodiment of the present invention.
- a phosphor 1 a matrix resin layer 2
- a diffusing agent 3 a diffusing agent 3
- protective films 4 minute balls 5, attachment layers 6, and a photoluminescent sheet 10.
- the fifth disclosed embodiment of the invention is characterized by attaching minute balls 5 on the surfaces of the photoluminescent sheet 10.
- minute balls 5 are evenly dispersed and attached on the surfaces of the photoluminescent sheet 10, the wetting phenomenon caused by close adhesion of the surfaces may be avoided, even when different types of sheets are placed on the upper and lower surfaces.
- the minute balls 5 may also be made from resin, and it may be preferable to use a transparent material, so as not to lower the luminance. While the minute balls 5 may be attached directly on the surfaces of the photoluminescent sheet 10, coating an attachment layer 6 on the outer surface may prevent the minute balls 5 from becoming detached and may allow a stable manner of attachment.
- Fig. 11 is a photograph seen from above of the fifth disclosed embodiment of the invention, where minute balls are dispersed over and attached onto the surface of the photoluminescent sheet.
- Fig. 12 is a cross-sectional view of a photoluminescent sheet according to a sixth disclosed embodiment of the present invention.
- a phosphor 1 a matrix resin layer 2
- a diffusing agent 3 a diffusing agent 3
- protective films 4 a photoluminescent sheet 10.
- the surfaces of the protective film 4 have been treated to have roughness. This is in order to effectively diffuse light. That is, light incident on the matrix resin layer 2 passes a protective film 4 twice, where the roughness of the protective films 4 allows the paths of the light to be widely dispersed. Thus, this photoluminescent sheet 10 may be used without a diffusion agent 3.
- the rough surface of the protective film 4 also prevents the wetting phenomenon caused by close adhesion of the surfaces, when a different type of sheet is placed on the outer surfaces.
- Fig. 13 is a cross-sectional view of a photoluminescent sheet according to a seventh disclosed embodiment of the present invention.
- a phosphor 1, a matrix resin layer 2, a diffusing agent 3, protective films 4, minute balls 5, and a photoluminescent sheet 10 are illustrated.
- minute balls 5 are attached on the outer surfaces of the protective films 4, which are made to have roughness, as in the sixth disclosed embodiment of Fig. 12, to enhance the function of preventing wetting.
- a photoluminescent sheet which can reliably implement white light from the light of blue LED's.
Abstract
Description
Claims
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KR1020060023832A KR100746749B1 (en) | 2006-03-15 | 2006-03-15 | Photoluminescent diffusion sheet |
PCT/KR2006/004389 WO2007105853A1 (en) | 2006-03-15 | 2006-10-26 | Photoluminescent sheet |
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EP (1) | EP2007576A4 (en) |
JP (1) | JP2009530437A (en) |
KR (1) | KR100746749B1 (en) |
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EP2007576A4 (en) | 2011-11-16 |
KR100746749B1 (en) | 2007-08-09 |
US20120267998A1 (en) | 2012-10-25 |
US20090212257A1 (en) | 2009-08-27 |
JP2009530437A (en) | 2009-08-27 |
US8237352B2 (en) | 2012-08-07 |
CN101443192B (en) | 2012-01-11 |
WO2007105853A1 (en) | 2007-09-20 |
CN101443192A (en) | 2009-05-27 |
US8723411B2 (en) | 2014-05-13 |
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