EP0995805A1 - Heat treatment installation for a batch of metallic workpieces - Google Patents

Heat treatment installation for a batch of metallic workpieces Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0995805A1
EP0995805A1 EP98811062A EP98811062A EP0995805A1 EP 0995805 A1 EP0995805 A1 EP 0995805A1 EP 98811062 A EP98811062 A EP 98811062A EP 98811062 A EP98811062 A EP 98811062A EP 0995805 A1 EP0995805 A1 EP 0995805A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
oven
installation according
load
installation
tank
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP98811062A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0995805B9 (en
EP0995805B1 (en
Inventor
Pierre Beuret
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Individual
Original Assignee
Individual
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Priority to DE69815108T priority Critical patent/DE69815108T2/en
Priority to EP98811062A priority patent/EP0995805B9/en
Priority to AT98811062T priority patent/ATE241705T1/en
Priority to ES98811062T priority patent/ES2199416T3/en
Publication of EP0995805A1 publication Critical patent/EP0995805A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0995805B1 publication Critical patent/EP0995805B1/en
Publication of EP0995805B9 publication Critical patent/EP0995805B9/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
    • F27D99/00—Subject matter not provided for in other groups of this subclass
    • F27D99/0073—Seals
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
    • C21D9/0037—Rotary furnaces with vertical axis; Furnaces with rotating floor
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
    • F27B17/00—Furnaces of a kind not covered by any preceding group
    • F27B17/0016—Chamber type furnaces
    • F27B2017/0091—Series of chambers, e.g. associated in their use
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
    • F27B9/00—Furnaces through which the charge is moved mechanically, e.g. of tunnel type; Similar furnaces in which the charge moves by gravity
    • F27B9/14—Furnaces through which the charge is moved mechanically, e.g. of tunnel type; Similar furnaces in which the charge moves by gravity characterised by the path of the charge during treatment; characterised by the means by which the charge is moved during treatment
    • F27B9/16—Furnaces through which the charge is moved mechanically, e.g. of tunnel type; Similar furnaces in which the charge moves by gravity characterised by the path of the charge during treatment; characterised by the means by which the charge is moved during treatment the charge moving in a circular or arcuate path
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
    • F27D3/00—Charging; Discharging; Manipulation of charge
    • F27D2003/0034—Means for moving, conveying, transporting the charge in the furnace or in the charging facilities
    • F27D2003/0036—Means for moving, conveying, transporting the charge in the furnace or in the charging facilities comprising inflatable or extendable parts
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
    • F27D3/00—Charging; Discharging; Manipulation of charge
    • F27D2003/0034—Means for moving, conveying, transporting the charge in the furnace or in the charging facilities
    • F27D2003/0075—Charging or discharging vertically, e.g. through a bottom opening
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
    • F27D9/00—Cooling of furnaces or of charges therein
    • F27D2009/007—Cooling of charges therein
    • F27D2009/0089—Quenching
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
    • F27D7/00—Forming, maintaining, or circulating atmospheres in heating chambers
    • F27D7/06—Forming or maintaining special atmospheres or vacuum within heating chambers

Definitions

  • the present invention refers to an installation for the heat treatment of a load of metal parts, this installation comprising at least one gas oven of protection or vacuum and at least one quench tank.
  • a goal of the present invention is to provide an installation of heat treatment that does not require cooling the oven, and allowing parts to be treated without oxidation of surface and without pollution of the furnace treatment gases or without pollution of the oven vacuum.
  • passage ovens or ovens are known. pushing with long load whose installation requires a very large area and especially a great length and of which the working cycle for charging and discharging the oven and, moreover, long.
  • Another aim of the present invention is to significantly reduce as well the length of such an installation that the time of treatment.
  • FIGS 1 and 2 schematically show a first embodiment of an installation according to the invention with a treatment oven for a maximum temperature of 1100 ° C and two tanks mounted on a rotary table.
  • This installation allows for example austenitization treatment, annealing, tempering, sintering or soldering.
  • the oven 1 includes a heating chamber 2 with a turbine circulation of atmospheres 3, a plug 4 as support for the load to be treated 5 and two tanks, that is to say. of them loading or cooling chambers 6 and 7.
  • the plug load carrier is moved vertically by both lifting pistons 8 and 9, as indicated by the two double arrows. These lifting pistons are designed for loading or unloading of loads in the oven or in the bins, as will emerge from the description of a cycle of work with this facility.
  • the oven further includes a heating body 10 and a double insulated jacket 11 according to the art of known technique.
  • the oven 1 is fixed on an upper table 12 while the tanks, i.e. the loading chambers or cooling 6 and 7 with the lifting pistons 8 and 9 are fixed to a rotary table 13.
  • the fixed table 12 is mounted on a support 14.
  • the rotary table 13 is driven in rotation by a motor 15.
  • Between the fixed table and the rotary table there are two sets of seals, one seal exterior 16 to establish gas and vacuum tightness and two interior seals 17 and 18, which form a first sealing barrier between the tanks and the fixed table superior. All seals are inflatable seals, known per se in the prior art, and are partially deflated in case the rotary table is put in rotation, and then inflated to seal.
  • Each loading or cooling chamber 6 and 7 includes an atmospheric circulation turbine 19 and 20, a common vacuum pump 21 which is connected by valves 22 and 23 to said loading chambers or cooling.
  • Each tank 6 and 7 includes a supply 24 and 25 with nitrogen and the furnace includes a gas supply 26.
  • the upper table includes a door 27 which has a joint 28 and which allows the introduction of the load into a bins.
  • Nitrogen filling for example or another gas allows the charge to be treated to be transferred to the oven under protective gas or under vacuum.
  • the remaining oven always at temperature allows one of the treatments to be carried out cited above.
  • the charge is discharged in one of the two chambers for cooling. Before the rotation for transfer and cooling, we will have prepared a new load to be treated in the free bin of any charge. It is thus possible to treat, by alternation, parts without surface oxidation and without furnace cooling as well as without gas pollution from treatment or vacuum from the oven.
  • bins that is to say. rooms of gas / gas loading / unloading or cooling the oil fixed to the support and to the upper table and provide one or more rotary oven (s).
  • Figures 3A - 3L schematically show a cycle of job.
  • Figure 3A shows the preparation of charge 5 and we see that door 27 is open.
  • Figure B shows the conditioning of the load by vacuum and figure C lowering the left plug 4 to open the oven.
  • the figure D shows the rotation of the tanks to load 5 under the oven, before its introduction into it (figure E), to start the treatment cycle.
  • Figure F shows the preparation of a second 5A charge during the cycle of treatment of the first, and Figure G the conditioning of this charge 5A by vacuum.
  • Figure H shows opening the oven and lowering the load 5, and figure I the rotation of the tanks with immediate cooling of the load 5.
  • Figure K shows the introduction of the load 5A in the oven to complete the treatment cycle while the load is cooling 5.
  • the figure L shows the load 5A during the treatment cycle in course and evacuation of charge 5, as well as setting place of a new charge 5B.
  • This cycle of operations shows the great advantage of this installation according to the invention allowing on the one hand prepare one load while the other is in the oven and, above all, to bring and evacuate the load from the oven without vacuum or gas pollution in the oven and without oxidation charges. All the operations described are carried out tightly to the outside by the seal outer 16 is the inner seals 17 and 18.
  • FIGS 4 and 5 show a second embodiment of the installation according to the invention with an oven and three bins.
  • Oven 29 is similar to oven 1 in the example previous with the same elements such as bedroom heater, turbine, plug 4 which supports the load 5.
  • the fixed upper table system 12 and its support 14 are also the same as in the previous example, while the rotary table 30 is arranged to carry three tubs and includes three interior gasket packings 31, 32 and 33.
  • the outer seal 16 is similar to that of the execution described above as well as door 27 with its attached 28.
  • the first tank is a loading chamber 34, similar to room 6, the second tank is a gas cooling 35 and the third tank is a cooling chamber with liquid 36, for example oil 37.
  • the loading chamber and the gas cooling include turbines 38 and 39 while the oil-cooled chamber includes an oil pump 40 for the circulation of the oil.
  • This installation also includes a vacuum pump with valves to be able to evacuate the loading and gas cooling, as well as gas supplies for the rooms and for the oven.
  • Each room includes in addition to a lifting piston 41, resp. 42, resp. 43.
  • FIGS. 6A to 6K An example of a work cycle with this installation is described using FIGS. 6A to 6K.
  • Figure 6A shows the preparation of charge 5 above the load 34 with door 27 open.
  • Figure 6B shows conditioning of the charge, possibly by vacuum, with door 27 closed and figure C shows the situation after the rotation of the chambers with a 120 ° stroke for bring the load 5 under the oven.
  • Figure D the charge is introduced into the furnace and the treatment cycle in the oven begins.
  • the plugs are upgraded with rotary table after treatment thermal to perform a rotation shown in Figure F. During this rotation, the load slides on the table and afterwards, the oil chamber is under the load, i.e. under the oven.
  • Figure G shows the descent of the charging and immediate cooling thereof in oil.
  • FIG H we see the preparation of the second load 5A, this possibly being conditioned by the vacuum, as well as the cooling of the first charge 5 in oil.
  • Figure I shows a new rotation of the chambers to bring the second load 5A under the oven before introducing it.
  • Figure 6K finally shows the situation where the processing cycle is performed for the second charge 5A while the first charge 5 is discharged, to return to the situation of the Figure 6E.
  • Figure 7 shows a third example of execution of a installation according to the invention with a vacuum oven 44 to hot wall with graphite 45 heating, insulation 46, a circulation turbine 3 for the bass processing temperatures and plugs 49, 49A supporting the load 5.
  • the upper fixed table system 12 with its door 27 and seal 28, the rotary table 13 driven by the motor 15 and the two seal systems with outer seal 16 and inner seals 17 and 18, east the same as before.
  • Bins hanging from the table rotary are two loading and unloading chambers 47 and 48 with incorporated cooler, comprising both turbines 19 and 20 according to the first embodiment.
  • FIGS. 8A to 8L illustrating an example of a cycle of work done by the installation of figure 7.
  • the figure 8A shows the preparation of load 5 with the door open and Figure 8B shows the packaging of the charge by vacuum.
  • Figure C shows the descent of the plug 49 and the opening of the oven followed by the rotation of chambers according to figure D in order to bring the load 5 under the oven.
  • Figure E shows the introduction of the charge into the oven initiating the treatment cycle.
  • the second charge 5A is prepared and conditioned by vacuum according to figure G.
  • Figure H shows the opening of the oven and the descent of the first load followed by a rotation of the chambers with immediate cooling of the first charge in the cooling chamber 47 (FIG.
  • Figure 8L shows that while the second charge is being treatment, the first charge is discharged and the third charge 5B is amended on the cap, to be then conditioned and treated.
  • the same treatment cycle can apply to a installation where, as a variant, the vacuum oven has a cold wall and graphite insulation.
  • Figure 9 shows a variant of the installation according to the Figure 7 with an oven 50 similar to the previous oven but additionally having four mechanical stops 51 with their commands 52 to hold or release the load 5A, such as this will emerge from the description according to FIGS. 10A to 10L.
  • the upper fixed table 12 is similar to the previous case with the door 27 and its seals 28 as well as the support of the table 14. Between the fixed table 12 and the rotary table 13 is finds the same joint system as described above and the rotary table is driven by the motor 15. At the table are suspended at least one oil chamber 53 with its pump system 40 and at least one tank of gas cooling 54 with the turbine 20.
  • the tank 54 is a pressure chamber and that is why the lift piston provided for the other tanks is here replaced by a lift 55 including a load support 56, linked to a supporting column 57 with a screw 58 which is rotated by a motor 59 with transmission by chain, to raise or lower the elevator. All the elevator device is located within the compound of the pressure chamber. Upward, the pressure chamber is closed by a lower door 60, seals 61 sealing. The loading and unloading of parts can be done by this pressure chamber, or else the installation includes, in addition to this pressure chamber and from the oil chamber, a loading chamber described in the previous examples.
  • FIGS. 10A to 10L schematically show a cycle of possible treatment with the installation of figure 9.
  • the Figure 10A shows the preparation of charge 5, always with the door open, and Figure 10B the packaging load by vacuum, with door 27 closed, followed by the rotation of the chambers to put the load under the oven ( Figure 10C).
  • Figure D the charge is introduced into the oven to start the treatment cycle and, at the end of the cycle in FIG. E, the load is lowered and the hooks 51 are closed to retain it during the lowering of the stopper by the elevator 55.
  • the chambers are rotated to bring the chamber to oil under the oven and, according to G, the load carrier is mounted and the hooks are open.
  • the load on the support load is lowered to be immersed in oil (figure H) for immediate cooling, intensified by a forced flow channel in the oil chamber.
  • the second load 5A is prepared and conditioned by vacuum, then rotated according to Figure K to bring it under the oven for a treatment cycle according to the figure L, while the first load is discharged after draining to chain a new cycle from situation shown in figure D.
  • Figure 11 shows another embodiment of a the installation according to the invention with a similar oven 62 in oven 29 of FIG. 4, but additionally comprising two half-drawers 63 and 63A, forming the cap, which are controlled by mechanical elements 64.
  • Everything is fixed on the upper fixed table 12 which is similar to that from previous executions and attached to the supports 14.
  • Under the fixed table is a rotary table similar to that from previous versions, with the two joint systems exterior and interior.
  • the bins, i.e. the room oil and the cooling chamber (s) are same as in the execution according to figure 4.
  • Figures 12A to 12P show a work cycle with installation according to figure 11 and will make better understand the role of the two half-drawers 63, 63A.
  • Figure 12 A shows the preparation of load 5
  • Figure B its vacuum conditioning
  • figure C the rotation of chambers for placing said charge under the oven.
  • the half-drawers are moved to open the oven, before the charge is introduced into it and that the half drawers are slightly closed, like this spring of figure E.
  • the load support 56 is lowered to deposit the load on the plug 63, 63A.
  • the oven is closed and the treatment cycle start. During this time, the rooms are put in rotation and the oil pan is brought under the oven and simultaneously according to I the second charge 5A is prepared and conditioned by vacuum.
  • the plug which has the form of two half-drawers 63 and 63A is not moved vertically, as in the first executions, but is pulled or pushed horizontally.
  • FIGS 13 and 14 schematically show a variant of execution with, for example an oven and four bins hanging on the rotary table.
  • the oven can be the kind of one of the ovens described above, while two bins are provided for loading / unloading and two bins for cooling, either by gas or by liquid, for example oil. All combinations are possible, i.e. that the number and kind of ovens nor the number and kind of containers is in principle limited in an installation according to the invention.
  • the executions disclosed in Figures 1 to 14 are installations with a fixed table and a rotary table including seals.
  • the oven (s) are attached to the fixed table and the hanging trays connected to the rotary table.
  • a reverse assembly that is to say according to which the oven (s) are integral with the rotary table and where the bins are suspended from a table fixed, is also possible.
  • the tightness between the fixed table and the rotary table is ensured by an inflatable external seal and seals, depending on the number of trays, interior inflatable, all ensuring perfect sealing of so as to allow processing of parts, on the one hand, without surface oxidation and pollution-free treatment gases of the oven or without pollution of the oven vacuum and, on the other hand, without cooling the oven during operations.
  • FIGS 15 to 17 show a first embodiment of such a linear displacement installation with an oven and two bins.
  • the oven corresponds to oven 1 of the execution according to Figure 1, with the same elements, such as room heater, turbine and plug, this oven being fixed on a upper table 65 supported by a support 66.
  • a translation table 67 is located below the upper table, the translation table carrying two tanks 68 and 69 arranged in loading chambers and cooling and each provided with a piston elevator 8 and 9 and gas supply and connected to a pump vacuum to evacuate the rooms.
  • an outer seal 70 and two inner seals 71 and 72 are provided, these seals being inflatable like the others joints mentioned above.
  • the linear solution requires, as shown in Figure 16, two watertight loading doors 73 and 74.
  • Figures 18 to 21 show an oven installation growing at long load.
  • the load can be for example a load composed of 6 m long tubes, to be annealed under vacuum or under atmosphere, and it is obvious that the reduction significant of the total length of such an installation where the oven must have the same length, has an advantage considerable.
  • the oven 75 of the push type with a long charge is known per se and includes a sealed channel or carcass 76 and a heating chamber 77 and a circulation turbine atmospheres 78 and a gas supply 79, the whole being arranged in an enclosure 80.
  • Each of the two bedrooms loading / unloading 81, 82 is provided with a cooler 83 and a gas circulation turbine 84.
  • the installation also includes a fixed plate 85 integral with the oven and equipped with two loading doors 86 or unloading baskets or other objects, such as tubes. These doors are fitted with gaskets.
  • the rooms loading or unloading are integral with a plate mobile 87 mounted on slide. Sealing is ensured by a seal 88 around each loading chamber, these seals being inflatable like the previous seals.
  • Each loading or unloading chamber includes a system 89 for introduction and extraction of load 90 in the cooling channel and in the oven.
  • a vacuum pump allows extraction of chamber in gas loading or unloading position or oxygen. In this way, no trace of oxidation or air pollution is possible.
  • the arrangement of the elements of the installation allows reduce the overall dimensions by one or two load lengths of the installation and above all, not to immobilize the loading chamber during cooling of the charge. This is clear if we compare this installation according to the invention with the installations known until now and sold by different houses.

Abstract

Installation for thermal treatment of metallic parts comprises: a first assembly with at least one furnace, and a second assembly with at least one jig; one of the two assemblies is attached to a fixed structure (12) and the other assembly is connected to a moving structure (13) relatively to the fixed structure; couplings (16,17,18) are arranged between the two assemblies for placing one jig (6,7) facing one furnace while avoiding oxidation of the metallic part surface.

Description

La présente invention se réfère à une installation pour le traitement thermique d'une charge de pièces métalliques, cette installation comprenant au moins un four sous gaz de protection ou sous vide et au moins un bac de trempe.The present invention refers to an installation for the heat treatment of a load of metal parts, this installation comprising at least one gas oven of protection or vacuum and at least one quench tank.

Les installations connues proposées sur le marché ont l'inconvénient, pour les traitements sous vide d'une charge de pièces métalliques, de devoir charger l'installation à four froid puis d'effectuer le vide pour évacuer l'oxygène de la chambre de chauffe du four. Après le traitement on est obligé de refroidir le tout dans le four y compris la charge. Sans sas ou bac de chargement il est alors impossible de travailler avec le four chaud, car toute présence d'oxygène détériorerait les éléments chauffants.The known installations offered on the market have the disadvantage, for vacuum treatments of a load metal parts, having to load the installation at cold oven then vacuum to evacuate oxygen from the oven heating chamber. After the treatment we are forced to cool everything in the oven including the charge. Without airlock or loading bin it is then impossible to work with the hot oven, because any presence of oxygen would damage the heating elements.

A partir de cet état de la technique connue, un but de la présente invention est de réaliser une installation de traitement thermique ne nécessitant pas de refroidir le four, et permettant de traiter les pièces sans oxydation de surface et sans pollution des gaz de traitement du four ou sans pollution du vide du four.From this known state of the art, a goal of the present invention is to provide an installation of heat treatment that does not require cooling the oven, and allowing parts to be treated without oxidation of surface and without pollution of the furnace treatment gases or without pollution of the oven vacuum.

En outre sont connus des fours à passage ou des fours poussant à charge longue dont l'installation nécessite une très grande surface et surtout une grande longueur et dont le cycle de travail pour la charge et la décharge du four et, de plus, long.In addition, passage ovens or ovens are known. pushing with long load whose installation requires a very large area and especially a great length and of which the working cycle for charging and discharging the oven and, moreover, long.

Partant de cet état de la technique connue, un autre but de la présente invention est de réduire sensiblement aussi bien la longueur d'une telle installation que le temps de traitement.Starting from this known state of the art, another aim of the present invention is to significantly reduce as well the length of such an installation that the time of treatment.

Ces buts sont atteints grâce aux moyens définis dans la revendication indépendante 1.These goals are achieved through the means defined in the independent claim 1.

L'invention sera expliquée en détail, en se référant aux dessins ci-annexés qu'en présentent, à titre d'exemples, des formes d'exécution.

La figure 1
est une vue en élévation schématique d'une forme d'exécution de l'installation selon l'invention,
la figure 2
est une vue en plan de dessus schématique de l'installation de la figure 1,
les figures 3A à 3L
sont un descriptif d'un cycle de travail de l'installation selon la figure 1,
la figure 4
est une vue en élévation schématique d'une deuxième forme d'exécution selon l'invention,
la figure 5
est une vue en plan de dessus schématique de l'installation de la figure 4,
les figures 6A - 6K
sont un descriptif schématique d'un cycle de travail de l'installation selon les figures 4 et 5,
la figure 7
est une vue en élévation schématique d'une troisième forme d'exécution de l'installation selon l'invention,
les figures 8A - 8L
sont un descriptif schématique d'un cycle de travail de l'installation selon la figure 7,
la figure 9
est une vue en élévation schématique d'une autre installation selon l'invention,
les figures 10A - 10L
sont un descriptif schématique d'un cycle de travail de l'installation selon la figure 10,
la figure 11
est une vue en élévation schématique d'une autre installation selon l'invention,
les figures 12A - 12P
sont un descriptif schématique d'un cycle de travail de l'installation selon la figure 11,
la figure 13
est une vue en élévation schématique d'une installation avec un four et quatre bac,
la figure 14
est une vue en plan de dessus schématique de l'installation selon la figure 13,
la figure 15
est une vue en élévation transversale d'une installation en ligne selon l'invention,
la figure 16
est une vue en élévation longitudinale schématique de l'installation selon la figure 15,
la figure 17
est une vue en plan de dessus schématique de l'installation selon la figure 15,
la figure 18
est une vue en élévation longitudinale schématique d'une installation avec four poussant à charge longue,
la figure 19
est une vue de front schématique d'un four de l'installation selon la figure 18,
la figure 20
est une vue de front d'un bac de l'installation selon la figure 18, et
la figure 21
est une vue en plan de dessus schématique de l'installation de la figure 18.
The invention will be explained in detail, with reference to the accompanying drawings, which show, by way of examples, embodiments.
Figure 1
is a schematic elevational view of an embodiment of the installation according to the invention,
figure 2
is a schematic top plan view of the installation of FIG. 1,
Figures 3A to 3L
are a description of a work cycle of the installation according to FIG. 1,
figure 4
is a schematic elevation view of a second embodiment according to the invention,
figure 5
is a schematic top plan view of the installation of FIG. 4,
Figures 6A - 6K
are a schematic description of a work cycle of the installation according to FIGS. 4 and 5,
figure 7
is a schematic elevational view of a third embodiment of the installation according to the invention,
Figures 8A - 8L
are a schematic description of a work cycle of the installation according to FIG. 7,
figure 9
is a schematic elevational view of another installation according to the invention,
Figures 10A - 10L
are a schematic description of a work cycle of the installation according to FIG. 10,
figure 11
is a schematic elevational view of another installation according to the invention,
Figures 12A - 12P
are a schematic description of a work cycle of the installation according to FIG. 11,
figure 13
is a schematic elevation view of an installation with an oven and four tanks,
figure 14
is a schematic top plan view of the installation according to FIG. 13,
figure 15
is a cross-sectional view of an on-line installation according to the invention,
figure 16
is a schematic longitudinal elevation view of the installation according to FIG. 15,
figure 17
is a schematic top plan view of the installation according to FIG. 15,
figure 18
is a schematic longitudinal elevation view of an installation with a long-load pushing oven,
figure 19
is a schematic front view of an oven of the installation according to FIG. 18,
figure 20
is a front view of a tank of the installation according to FIG. 18, and
figure 21
is a schematic top plan view of the installation of FIG. 18.

Les figures 1 et 2 montrent schématiquement une première forme exécution d'une installation selon l'invention avec un four de traitement pour une température maxima de 1100°C et deux bacs montés sur une table rotative. Cette installation permet par exemple des traitement d'austénitisation, de recuit, de revenu, de frittage ou de brasage. Le four 1 comprend une chambre de chauffage 2 avec une turbine de circulation des atmosphères 3, un bouchon 4 comme support de la charge à traiter 5 et deux bacs, c'est-à-dire. deux chambres de chargement ou refroidissement 6 et 7. Le bouchon support de charge est déplacé verticalement par les deux pistons élévateurs 8 et 9, comme c'est indiqué par les deux flèches doubles. Ces pistons élévateurs sont prévus pour le chargement ou déchargement des charges dans le four ou dans les bacs, comme cela ressortira du descriptif d'un cycle de travail avec cette installation. Le four comprend en outre un corps de chauffe 10 et une double chemise isolée 11 selon l'art de la technique connue.Figures 1 and 2 schematically show a first embodiment of an installation according to the invention with a treatment oven for a maximum temperature of 1100 ° C and two tanks mounted on a rotary table. This installation allows for example austenitization treatment, annealing, tempering, sintering or soldering. The oven 1 includes a heating chamber 2 with a turbine circulation of atmospheres 3, a plug 4 as support for the load to be treated 5 and two tanks, that is to say. of them loading or cooling chambers 6 and 7. The plug load carrier is moved vertically by both lifting pistons 8 and 9, as indicated by the two double arrows. These lifting pistons are designed for loading or unloading of loads in the oven or in the bins, as will emerge from the description of a cycle of work with this facility. The oven further includes a heating body 10 and a double insulated jacket 11 according to the art of known technique.

Le four 1 est fixé sur une table supérieure 12 tandis que les bacs, c'est-à-dire les chambres de chargement ou refroidissement 6 et 7 avec les pistons élévateurs 8 et 9 sont fixés à une table rotative 13. La table fixe 12 est montée sur un support 14. La table rotative 13 est entraínée en rotation par un moteur 15. Entre la table fixe et la table rotative se trouvent deux jeux de joints, un joint extérieur 16 pour établir l'étanchéité au gaz et au vide et deux joints intérieurs 17 et 18, qui forment une première barrière d'étanchéité entre les bacs et la table fixe supérieure. Tous les joints sont des joints gonflables, connus en soi dans l'art antérieur, et sont partiellement dégonflés dans le cas où la table rotative est mise en rotation, et ensuite gonflés pour assurer l'étanchéité.The oven 1 is fixed on an upper table 12 while the tanks, i.e. the loading chambers or cooling 6 and 7 with the lifting pistons 8 and 9 are fixed to a rotary table 13. The fixed table 12 is mounted on a support 14. The rotary table 13 is driven in rotation by a motor 15. Between the fixed table and the rotary table there are two sets of seals, one seal exterior 16 to establish gas and vacuum tightness and two interior seals 17 and 18, which form a first sealing barrier between the tanks and the fixed table superior. All seals are inflatable seals, known per se in the prior art, and are partially deflated in case the rotary table is put in rotation, and then inflated to seal.

Chaque chambre de chargement ou de refroidissement 6 et 7 comprend une turbine de circulation des atmosphères 19 et 20, une pompe à vide 21 commune qui est reliée par des vannes 22 et 23 auxdites chambres de chargement ou refroidissement. Chaque bac 6 et 7 comprend une amenée 24 et 25 d'azote et le four comprend une amenée de gaz 26.Each loading or cooling chamber 6 and 7 includes an atmospheric circulation turbine 19 and 20, a common vacuum pump 21 which is connected by valves 22 and 23 to said loading chambers or cooling. Each tank 6 and 7 includes a supply 24 and 25 with nitrogen and the furnace includes a gas supply 26.

La table supérieure comprend une porte 27 qui possède un joint 28 et qui permet l'introduction de la charge dans un des bacs. Un remplissage à l'azote par exemple ou un autre gaz permet de transférer la charge à traiter dans le four sous gaz de protection ou sous vide. Le four restant toujours à température permet d'effectuer un des traitements précités. A la fin du cycle de chauffe, la charge est évacué dans une des deux chambres pour refroidissement. Avant la rotation pour le transfert et le refroidissement, on aura préparé une nouvelle charge à traiter dans le bac libre de toute charge. Il est ainsi possible de traiter, par alternance, des pièces sans oxydation de surface et sans refroidissement du four ainsi que sans pollution de gaz de traitement ou du vide du four.The upper table includes a door 27 which has a joint 28 and which allows the introduction of the load into a bins. Nitrogen filling for example or another gas allows the charge to be treated to be transferred to the oven under protective gas or under vacuum. The remaining oven always at temperature allows one of the treatments to be carried out cited above. At the end of the heating cycle, the charge is discharged in one of the two chambers for cooling. Before the rotation for transfer and cooling, we will have prepared a new load to be treated in the free bin of any charge. It is thus possible to treat, by alternation, parts without surface oxidation and without furnace cooling as well as without gas pollution from treatment or vacuum from the oven.

Il est évident que l'on peut réaliser une installation avec des bacs, c'est-à-dire. des chambres de chargement/déchargement ou refroidissement à gaz ou à l'huile fixées au support et à la table supérieure et prévoir un ou plusieurs four(s) rotatif(s).It is obvious that an installation can be carried out with bins, that is to say. rooms of gas / gas loading / unloading or cooling the oil fixed to the support and to the upper table and provide one or more rotary oven (s).

Les figures 3A - 3L) montrent schématiquement un cycle de travail. La figure 3A montre la préparation de la charge 5 et on voit que la porte 27 est ouverte. La figure B montre le conditionnement de la charge par le vide et la figure C la descente du bouchon gauche 4 pour l'ouverture du four. La figure D montre la rotation des bacs pour mettre la charge 5 sous le four, avant son introduction dans celui-ci (figure E), pour entamer le cycle de traitement. La figure F montre la préparation d'une deuxième charge 5A pendant le cycle de traitement de la première, et la figure G le conditionnement de cette charge 5A par le vide. La figure H montre l'ouverture du four et la descente de la charge 5, et la figure I la rotation des bacs avec refroidissement immédiat de la charge 5. La figure K montre l'introduction de la charge 5A dans le four pour effectuer le cycle de traitement pendant le refroidissement de la charge 5. Enfin, la figure L montre la charge 5A en cours de cycle de traitement en cours et l'évacuation de la charge 5, ainsi que la mise en place d'une nouvelle charge 5B.Figures 3A - 3L) schematically show a cycle of job. Figure 3A shows the preparation of charge 5 and we see that door 27 is open. Figure B shows the conditioning of the load by vacuum and figure C lowering the left plug 4 to open the oven. The figure D shows the rotation of the tanks to load 5 under the oven, before its introduction into it (figure E), to start the treatment cycle. Figure F shows the preparation of a second 5A charge during the cycle of treatment of the first, and Figure G the conditioning of this charge 5A by vacuum. Figure H shows opening the oven and lowering the load 5, and figure I the rotation of the tanks with immediate cooling of the load 5. Figure K shows the introduction of the load 5A in the oven to complete the treatment cycle while the load is cooling 5. Finally, the figure L shows the load 5A during the treatment cycle in course and evacuation of charge 5, as well as setting place of a new charge 5B.

Ce cycle des opérations montre le grand avantage de cette installation selon l'invention permettant d'une part de préparer une charge tandis que l'autre est dans le four et, surtout, d'amener et d'évacuer la charge du four sans pollution du vide ou du gaz dans le four et sans oxydation des charges. Toutes les opérations décrites s'effectuent d'une manière étanche envers l'extérieur par le joint extérieur 16 est les joints intérieurs 17 et 18.This cycle of operations shows the great advantage of this installation according to the invention allowing on the one hand prepare one load while the other is in the oven and, above all, to bring and evacuate the load from the oven without vacuum or gas pollution in the oven and without oxidation charges. All the operations described are carried out tightly to the outside by the seal outer 16 is the inner seals 17 and 18.

Les figures 4 et 5 montrent une deuxième forme d'exécution de l'installation selon l'invention avec un four et trois bacs. Le four 29 est similaire au four 1 de l'exemple précédent avec les mêmes éléments tels que chambre de chauffe, turbine, bouchon 4 qui supporte la charge 5. Le système de la table supérieure fixe 12 et son support 14 sont également les mêmes que dans l'exemple précédent, tandis que la table rotative 30 est agencée pour porter trois bacs et comprend trois garnitures de joints intérieurs 31, 32 et 33. Le joint extérieur 16 est similaire à celui de l'exécution décrite plus haut ainsi que la porte 27 avec son joint 28. Figures 4 and 5 show a second embodiment of the installation according to the invention with an oven and three bins. Oven 29 is similar to oven 1 in the example previous with the same elements such as bedroom heater, turbine, plug 4 which supports the load 5. The fixed upper table system 12 and its support 14 are also the same as in the previous example, while the rotary table 30 is arranged to carry three tubs and includes three interior gasket packings 31, 32 and 33. The outer seal 16 is similar to that of the execution described above as well as door 27 with its attached 28.

Le premier bac est une chambre de chargement 34, similaire à la chambre 6, le deuxième bac est une chambre de refroidissement sous gaz 35 et le troisième bac est une chambre de refroidissement avec un liquide 36, par exemple de l'huile 37. La chambre de chargement et la chambre de refroidissement sous gaz comprennent des turbines 38 et 39 tandis que la chambre à refroidissement à l'huile comprend une pompe à huile 40 pour la circulation de l'huile. Cette installation comprend aussi une pompe à vide avec des vannes pour pouvoir évacuer les chambres de chargement et de refroidissement sous gaz, ainsi que des amenées de gaz pour les chambres et pour le four. Chaque chambre comprend en outre un piston élévateur 41, resp. 42, resp. 43.The first tank is a loading chamber 34, similar to room 6, the second tank is a gas cooling 35 and the third tank is a cooling chamber with liquid 36, for example oil 37. The loading chamber and the gas cooling include turbines 38 and 39 while the oil-cooled chamber includes an oil pump 40 for the circulation of the oil. This installation also includes a vacuum pump with valves to be able to evacuate the loading and gas cooling, as well as gas supplies for the rooms and for the oven. Each room includes in addition to a lifting piston 41, resp. 42, resp. 43.

Un exemple de cycle de travail avec cette installation est décrit à l'aide des figures 6A à 6K. La figure 6A montre la préparation de la charge 5 en-dessus de la chambre de chargement 34 avec la porte 27 ouverte. La figure 6B montre le conditionnement de la charge, éventuellement par le vide, avec la porte 27 fermée et la figure C montre la situation après la rotation des chambres avec une course de 120 ° pour amener la charge 5 sous le four. Selon la figure D, la charge est introduite dans le four et le cycle de traitement dans le four commence. Selon la figure E, les bouchons sont mis à niveau avec la table rotative après le traitement thermique pour effectuer une rotation montrée à la figure F. Pendant cette rotation, la charge glisse sur la table et après, la chambre à huile se trouve sous la charge, c'est-à-dire sous le four. La figure G montre la descente de la charge et le refroidissement immédiat de celle-ci dans l'huile. Dans la figure H on voit la préparation de la deuxième charge 5A, celle-ci étant éventuellement conditionnée par le vide, ainsi que le refroidissement de la première charge 5 dans l'huile. La figure I montre une nouvelle rotation des chambres pour amener la deuxième charge 5A sous le four avant de l'y introduire. La figure 6K enfin montre la situation où le cycle de traitement est effectué pour la deuxième charge 5A tandis que la première charge 5 est évacuée, pour revenir à la situation de la figure 6E.An example of a work cycle with this installation is described using FIGS. 6A to 6K. Figure 6A shows the preparation of charge 5 above the load 34 with door 27 open. Figure 6B shows conditioning of the charge, possibly by vacuum, with door 27 closed and figure C shows the situation after the rotation of the chambers with a 120 ° stroke for bring the load 5 under the oven. According to Figure D, the charge is introduced into the furnace and the treatment cycle in the oven begins. According to Figure E, the plugs are upgraded with rotary table after treatment thermal to perform a rotation shown in Figure F. During this rotation, the load slides on the table and afterwards, the oil chamber is under the load, i.e. under the oven. Figure G shows the descent of the charging and immediate cooling thereof in oil. In figure H we see the preparation of the second load 5A, this possibly being conditioned by the vacuum, as well as the cooling of the first charge 5 in oil. Figure I shows a new rotation of the chambers to bring the second load 5A under the oven before introducing it. Figure 6K finally shows the situation where the processing cycle is performed for the second charge 5A while the first charge 5 is discharged, to return to the situation of the Figure 6E.

La figure 7 montre un troisième exemple d'exécution d'une installation selon l'invention avec un four à vide 44 à paroi chaude avec un chauffage graphite 45, une isolation 46, une turbine de circulation 3 pour les basses températures de traitement et les bouchons 49, 49A supportant la charge 5. Le système de table fixe supérieure 12 avec sa porte 27 et joint 28, la table rotative 13 entraínée par le moteur 15 et les deux systèmes de joints avec joint extérieur 16 et joints intérieurs 17 et 18, est le même qu'auparavant. Les bacs suspendus à la table rotative sont deux chambres de chargement et déchargement 47 et 48 avec refroidisseur incorporé, comprenant les deux turbines 19 et 20 selon la première forme d'exécution.Figure 7 shows a third example of execution of a installation according to the invention with a vacuum oven 44 to hot wall with graphite 45 heating, insulation 46, a circulation turbine 3 for the bass processing temperatures and plugs 49, 49A supporting the load 5. The upper fixed table system 12 with its door 27 and seal 28, the rotary table 13 driven by the motor 15 and the two seal systems with outer seal 16 and inner seals 17 and 18, east the same as before. Bins hanging from the table rotary are two loading and unloading chambers 47 and 48 with incorporated cooler, comprising both turbines 19 and 20 according to the first embodiment.

Les figures 8A à 8L illustrant un exemple de cycle de travail effectué par l'installation de la figure 7. La figure 8A montre la préparation de la charge 5 avec la porte ouverte et la figure 8B montre le conditionnement de la charge par le vide. La figure C montre la descente du bouchon 49 et l'ouverture du four suivie de la rotation des chambres selon la figure D en vue d'amener la charge 5 sous le four. La figure E montre l'introduction de la charge dans le four initiant le cycle de traitement. Pendant ce temps, selon la figure F, la deuxième charge 5A est préparée et conditionnée par le vide selon la figure G. La figure H montre l'ouverture du four et la descente de la première charge suivie d'une rotation des chambres avec refroidissement immédiat de la première charge dans la chambre de refroidissement 47 (figure I) et ensuite, à la figure K, l'introduction de la deuxième charge 5A dans le four pour le cycle de traitement, tandis que la première charge est toujours encore refroidie. La figure 8L montre que, tandis que la deuxième charge est en cours de traitement, la première charge est évacuée et la troisième charge 5B est amendée sur le bouchon, pour être ensuite conditionnée et traitée.FIGS. 8A to 8L illustrating an example of a cycle of work done by the installation of figure 7. The figure 8A shows the preparation of load 5 with the door open and Figure 8B shows the packaging of the charge by vacuum. Figure C shows the descent of the plug 49 and the opening of the oven followed by the rotation of chambers according to figure D in order to bring the load 5 under the oven. Figure E shows the introduction of the charge into the oven initiating the treatment cycle. Meanwhile, according to FIG. F, the second charge 5A is prepared and conditioned by vacuum according to figure G. Figure H shows the opening of the oven and the descent of the first load followed by a rotation of the chambers with immediate cooling of the first charge in the cooling chamber 47 (FIG. I) and then, at the Figure K, the introduction of the second load 5A in the oven for the treatment cycle, while the first charge is still still cooled. Figure 8L shows that while the second charge is being treatment, the first charge is discharged and the third charge 5B is amended on the cap, to be then conditioned and treated.

Le même cycle de traitement peut s'appliquer à une installation où, comme variante d'exécution, le four à vide possède une paroi froide et une isolation en graphite.The same treatment cycle can apply to a installation where, as a variant, the vacuum oven has a cold wall and graphite insulation.

La figure 9 montre une variante de l'installation selon la figure 7 avec un four 50 similaire au four précédent mais possédant en outre quatre arrêts mécaniques 51 avec leur commandes 52 pour retenir ou libérer la charge 5A, comme cela ressortira du descriptif selon les figures 10A à 10L. La table fixe supérieure 12 est similaire au cas précédent avec la porte 27 et ses joints 28 ainsi que le support de la table 14. Entre la table fixe 12 et la table rotative 13 se trouve le même système de joints que décrits auparavant et la table rotative est entraínée par le moteur 15. A la table rotative sont suspendue au moins une chambre à huile 53 avec son système de pompe 40 et au moins un bac de refroidissement à gaz 54 avec la turbine 20.Figure 9 shows a variant of the installation according to the Figure 7 with an oven 50 similar to the previous oven but additionally having four mechanical stops 51 with their commands 52 to hold or release the load 5A, such as this will emerge from the description according to FIGS. 10A to 10L. The upper fixed table 12 is similar to the previous case with the door 27 and its seals 28 as well as the support of the table 14. Between the fixed table 12 and the rotary table 13 is finds the same joint system as described above and the rotary table is driven by the motor 15. At the table are suspended at least one oil chamber 53 with its pump system 40 and at least one tank of gas cooling 54 with the turbine 20.

Le bac 54 est une chambre à pression et c'est pourquoi que le piston ascenseur prévu pour les autres bacs est ici remplacé par un ascenseur 55 comprenant un support de charge 56, lié à une colonne portante 57 avec une vis 58 qui est mise en rotation par un moteur 59 avec transmission par chaíne, pour faire monter ou descendre l'ascenseur. Tout le dispositif de l'ascenseur se trouve dans l'enceinte de la chambre à pression. Vers le haut, la chambre sous pression est fermée par une porte inférieure 60, des joints 61 assurant l'étanchéité. Le chargement et déchargement des pièces peut se faire par cette chambre à pression, ou alors l'installation comprend, en plus de cette chambre à pression et de la chambre à huile, une chambre de chargement décrite dans les exemples précédents.The tank 54 is a pressure chamber and that is why the lift piston provided for the other tanks is here replaced by a lift 55 including a load support 56, linked to a supporting column 57 with a screw 58 which is rotated by a motor 59 with transmission by chain, to raise or lower the elevator. All the elevator device is located within the compound of the pressure chamber. Upward, the pressure chamber is closed by a lower door 60, seals 61 sealing. The loading and unloading of parts can be done by this pressure chamber, or else the installation includes, in addition to this pressure chamber and from the oil chamber, a loading chamber described in the previous examples.

Les figures 10A à 10L montrent schématiquement un cycle de traitement possible avec l'installation de la figure 9. La figure 10A montre la préparation de la charge 5, toujours avec la porte ouverte, et la figure 10B le conditionnement de la charge par le vide, avec la porte 27 fermée, suivi de la rotation des chambres pour mettre la charge sous le four (figure 10C). Ensuite, selon la figure D, la charge est introduite dans le four pour entamer le cycle de traitement et, en fin de cycle à la figure E, la charge est descendue et les crochets 51 sont fermés pour la retenir pendant la descente du bouchon par l'ascenseur 55. Ensuite, selon F, les chambres sont mises en rotation pour amener la chambre à huile sous le four et, selon G, le support de charge est monté et les crochets sont ouverts. La charge sur le support de charge est descendue pour être immergée dans l'huile (figure H) pour un refroidissement immédiat, intensifié par un canal de flux forcé dans la chambre à huile. Selon la figure I, la deuxième charge 5A est préparée et conditionnée par le vide, puis mise en rotation selon la figure K pour l'amener sous le four pour un cycle de traitement selon la figure L, tandis que la première charge est évacuée après égouttage pour enchaíner un nouveau cycle à partir de la situation représentée à la figure D.FIGS. 10A to 10L schematically show a cycle of possible treatment with the installation of figure 9. The Figure 10A shows the preparation of charge 5, always with the door open, and Figure 10B the packaging load by vacuum, with door 27 closed, followed by the rotation of the chambers to put the load under the oven (Figure 10C). Then, according to figure D, the charge is introduced into the oven to start the treatment cycle and, at the end of the cycle in FIG. E, the load is lowered and the hooks 51 are closed to retain it during the lowering of the stopper by the elevator 55. Then, according to F, the chambers are rotated to bring the chamber to oil under the oven and, according to G, the load carrier is mounted and the hooks are open. The load on the support load is lowered to be immersed in oil (figure H) for immediate cooling, intensified by a forced flow channel in the oil chamber. According to figure I, the second load 5A is prepared and conditioned by vacuum, then rotated according to Figure K to bring it under the oven for a treatment cycle according to the figure L, while the first load is discharged after draining to chain a new cycle from situation shown in figure D.

La figure 11 montre une autre forme d'exécution d'une l'installation selon l'invention avec un four 62 similaire au four 29 de la figure 4, mais comportant en plus deux demi-tiroirs 63 et 63A, formant le bouchon, qui sont commandés par des éléments mécaniques 64. Le tout est fixé sur la table fixe supérieure 12 qui est similaire à celle des exécutions précédentes et attachés aux supports 14. Sous la table fixe se trouve une table rotative similaire à celle des exécutions précédentes, avec les deux systèmes de joints extérieurs et intérieurs. Les bacs, c'est-à-dire la chambre à huile et la ou les chambre(s) de refroidissement, sont les mêmes que dans l'exécution selon la figure 4.Figure 11 shows another embodiment of a the installation according to the invention with a similar oven 62 in oven 29 of FIG. 4, but additionally comprising two half-drawers 63 and 63A, forming the cap, which are controlled by mechanical elements 64. Everything is fixed on the upper fixed table 12 which is similar to that from previous executions and attached to the supports 14. Under the fixed table is a rotary table similar to that from previous versions, with the two joint systems exterior and interior. The bins, i.e. the room oil and the cooling chamber (s) are same as in the execution according to figure 4.

Les figures 12A à 12P montrent un cycle de travail avec l'installation selon la figure 11 et feront mieux comprendre le rôle des deux demi-tiroirs 63, 63A. La figure 12 A montre la préparation de la charge 5, la figure B son conditionnement par le vide, et la figure C la rotation des chambres pour placer ladite charge sous le four. Ensuite, selon D, les demi-tiroirs sont déplacés pour ouvrir le four, avant que la charge est introduite dans ce dernier et que les demi-tiroirs sont légèrement refermés, comme cela ressort de la figure E. A la figure F le support de charge 56 est descendu pour déposer la charge sur le bouchon 63, 63A. Selon G, le four est fermé et le cycle de traitement commence. Fendant ce temps, les chambres sont mises en rotation et le bac d'huile est amené sous le four et simultanément selon I la deuxième charge 5A est préparée et conditionnée par le vide. Dans la figure K une préouverture du bouchon, c'est-à-dire des demi-tiroirs est effectuée, et le support de charge est déplacé vers le haut. Selon la figure L le four est complètement ouvert et à la figure M, la charge est immergée et refroidie immédiatement dans la chambre à huile avec canal de flux forcé. Ensuite, selon la figure N, les chambres sont de nouveau mises en rotation, et la deuxième charge 5A se trouve sous le four. Dans la figure O, on introduit la charge 5A dans le four selon les figures C à G, le cycle de traitement dans le four commence, tandis qu'après égouttage, la première charge 5 est évacuée. Enfin, selon la figure P, les chambres sont mises en rotation pour emmener le bac à huile sous le four tandis qu'une nouvelle charge 5B est préparée pour subir le cycle selon les figures 12A et suivantes.Figures 12A to 12P show a work cycle with installation according to figure 11 and will make better understand the role of the two half-drawers 63, 63A. Figure 12 A shows the preparation of load 5, Figure B its vacuum conditioning, and figure C the rotation of chambers for placing said charge under the oven. Then, according to D, the half-drawers are moved to open the oven, before the charge is introduced into it and that the half drawers are slightly closed, like this spring of figure E. In figure F the load support 56 is lowered to deposit the load on the plug 63, 63A. According to G, the oven is closed and the treatment cycle start. During this time, the rooms are put in rotation and the oil pan is brought under the oven and simultaneously according to I the second charge 5A is prepared and conditioned by vacuum. In figure K a pre-opening of the stopper, i.e. half-drawers, and the load carrier is moved up. According to figure L the oven is completely open and in figure M, the load is immediately immersed and cooled in the oil chamber with forced flow channel. Then according to the Figure N, the chambers are again rotated, and the second load 5A is located under the oven. In the figure O, load 5A is introduced into the furnace according to the figures C to G, the treatment cycle in the oven begins, while that after draining, the first charge 5 is discharged. Finally, according to Figure P, the chambers are rotated to take the oil pan under the oven while a new one load 5B is prepared to undergo the cycle according to the figures 12A and following.

Dans cette forme d'exécution, on observe que le bouchon qui présente la forme de deux demi-tiroirs 63 et 63A n'est pas déplacé verticalement, comme dans les premières exécutions, mais est tiré ou poussé horizontalement.In this embodiment, it is observed that the plug which has the form of two half-drawers 63 and 63A is not moved vertically, as in the first executions, but is pulled or pushed horizontally.

Les figures 13 et 14 montrent schématiquement une variante d'exécution avec, par exemple un four et quatre bacs suspendus à la table rotative. Le four peut être du genre de l'un des fours décrits auparavant, tandis que deux bacs sont prévus pour le chargement/déchargement et deux bacs pour le refroidissement, soit par gaz, soit par liquide, par exemple l'huile. Toutes combinaisons sont possibles, c'est-à-dire que le nombre et le genre de fours, ni le nombre et le genre de bacs est en principe limité dans une installation selon l'invention.Figures 13 and 14 schematically show a variant of execution with, for example an oven and four bins hanging on the rotary table. The oven can be the kind of one of the ovens described above, while two bins are provided for loading / unloading and two bins for cooling, either by gas or by liquid, for example oil. All combinations are possible, i.e. that the number and kind of ovens nor the number and kind of containers is in principle limited in an installation according to the invention.

Les exécutions divulguées dans les figures 1 à 14 sont des installations avec une table fixe et une table rotative comprenant des joints. Préférentiellement, le ou les fours sont solidaires de la table fixe et les bacs suspendus reliés à la table rotative. Mais un montage inverse, c'est-à-dire selon lequel le ou les fours sont solidaires de la table rotative et où les bacs sont suspendus à une table fixe, est également envisageable. Dans toutes ces solutions ou arrangements, l'étanchéité entre la table fixe et la table rotative est assurée par un joint extérieur gonflable et des joints, selon le nombre de bacs, intérieurs gonflables, le tout assurant une étanchéité parfaite de sorte à permettre un traitement de pièces, d'une part, sans oxydation de surface et sans pollution des gaz de traitement du four ou sans pollution du vide du four et, d'autre part, sans refroidissement du four pendant les opérations.The executions disclosed in Figures 1 to 14 are installations with a fixed table and a rotary table including seals. Preferably, the oven (s) are attached to the fixed table and the hanging trays connected to the rotary table. But a reverse assembly, that is to say according to which the oven (s) are integral with the rotary table and where the bins are suspended from a table fixed, is also possible. In all these solutions or arrangements, the tightness between the fixed table and the rotary table is ensured by an inflatable external seal and seals, depending on the number of trays, interior inflatable, all ensuring perfect sealing of so as to allow processing of parts, on the one hand, without surface oxidation and pollution-free treatment gases of the oven or without pollution of the oven vacuum and, on the other hand, without cooling the oven during operations.

Cette conception de déplacement relatif entre four(s) et bac(s), le tout sous une étanchéité parfaite. n'est pas nécessairement giratoire et limitée à une table rotative, mais peut être appliquée à un système de déplacement linéaire. Les figures 15 à 21 montrent deux exemples d'exécution de fours et bacs à déplacement relatif linéaire.This concept of relative displacement between oven (s) and tray (s), all under perfect sealing. is not necessarily gyratory and limited to a rotary table, but can be applied to a displacement system linear. Figures 15 to 21 show two examples execution of ovens and trays with linear relative displacement.

Les figures 15 à 17 montrent une première forme d'exécution d'une telle installation à déplacement linéaire avec un four et deux bacs. Le four correspond au four 1 de l'exécution selon la figure 1, avec les mêmes éléments, tels que chambre de chauffe, turbine et bouchon, ce four étant fixé sur une table supérieure 65 supportée par un support 66. Analogue à l'exécution rotative une table de translation 67 se trouve en dessous de la table supérieure, la table de translation portant deux bacs 68 et 69 agencés en chambres de chargement et de refroidissement et pourvu, chacun, d'un piston élévateur 8 et 9 et d'amenée de gaz et reliés à une pompe à vide pour évacuer les chambres. Pour assurer l'étanchéité, un joint extérieur 70 et deux joints intérieurs 71 et 72 sont prévus, ces joints étant gonflables comme les autres joints évoqués précédemment.Figures 15 to 17 show a first embodiment of such a linear displacement installation with an oven and two bins. The oven corresponds to oven 1 of the execution according to Figure 1, with the same elements, such as room heater, turbine and plug, this oven being fixed on a upper table 65 supported by a support 66. Similar to rotary execution a translation table 67 is located below the upper table, the translation table carrying two tanks 68 and 69 arranged in loading chambers and cooling and each provided with a piston elevator 8 and 9 and gas supply and connected to a pump vacuum to evacuate the rooms. To ensure watertightness, an outer seal 70 and two inner seals 71 and 72 are provided, these seals being inflatable like the others joints mentioned above.

Le fonctionnement de cette installation est analogue au fonctionnement des installations de type rotatif et les mêmes cycles de travail peuvent être appliqués pour le fonctionnement d'une installation de type linéaire que pour une installation de type rotatif, et il suffit de remplacer le terme "rotation" par "déplacement linéaire". Il est aussi entendu qu'au lieu de l'installation montrée aux figures 15 à 17, les installations décrites dans les exemples précédents sont applicables analogiquement.The operation of this installation is analogous to operation of rotary type installations and same work cycles can be applied for the operation of a linear type installation only for a rotary type installation, and just replace the term "rotation" by "linear displacement". It is also understood that instead of the installation shown in Figures 15 to 17, the installations described in the examples above are applicable analogically.

La solution linéaire exige, comme montré à la figure 16, deux portes étanches de chargement 73 et 74.The linear solution requires, as shown in Figure 16, two watertight loading doors 73 and 74.

Les figures 18 à 21 montrent une installation à four poussant à charge longue. La charge peut être par exemple une charge composée de tubes de 6 m de long, à recuire sous vide ou sous atmosphère, et il est évident que la réduction importante de la longueur totale d'une telle installation où le four doit avoir la même longueur, présente un avantage considérable.Figures 18 to 21 show an oven installation growing at long load. The load can be for example a load composed of 6 m long tubes, to be annealed under vacuum or under atmosphere, and it is obvious that the reduction significant of the total length of such an installation where the oven must have the same length, has an advantage considerable.

Le four 75 du type poussant à charge longue est connu en soi et comprend un canal ou une carcasse étanche 76 et une chambre chauffante 77 ainsi qu'une turbine de circulation des atmosphère 78 et une amenée de gaz 79, le tout étant agencé dans une enceinte 80. Chacune des deux chambres de chargement/déchargement 81, 82 est munie d'un refroidisseur 83 et d'une turbine 84 de circulation des gaz. L'installation comprend en outre une platine fixe 85 solidaire du four et équipée de deux portes 86 de chargement ou déchargement de paniers ou autres objets, tels que tubes. Ces portes sont munies de joints d'étanchéité. Les chambres de chargement ou déchargement sont solidaires d'une platine mobile 87 montée sur glissière. L'étanchéité est assurée par un joint 88 autour de chaque chambre de chargement, ces joints étant gonflables comme les joints précédents. Chaque chambre de chargement ou déchargement comprend un système d'entraínement 89 permettant l'introduction et l'extraction de la charge 90 dans le canal de refroidissement et dans le four. En outre, une pompe à vide permet d'extraire de la chambre en position de chargement ou déchargement les gaz ou l'oxygène. De cette façon, aucune trace d'oxydation ou de pollution de l'atmosphère est possible.The oven 75 of the push type with a long charge is known per se and includes a sealed channel or carcass 76 and a heating chamber 77 and a circulation turbine atmospheres 78 and a gas supply 79, the whole being arranged in an enclosure 80. Each of the two bedrooms loading / unloading 81, 82 is provided with a cooler 83 and a gas circulation turbine 84. The installation also includes a fixed plate 85 integral with the oven and equipped with two loading doors 86 or unloading baskets or other objects, such as tubes. These doors are fitted with gaskets. The rooms loading or unloading are integral with a plate mobile 87 mounted on slide. Sealing is ensured by a seal 88 around each loading chamber, these seals being inflatable like the previous seals. Each loading or unloading chamber includes a system 89 for introduction and extraction of load 90 in the cooling channel and in the oven. In addition, a vacuum pump allows extraction of chamber in gas loading or unloading position or oxygen. In this way, no trace of oxidation or air pollution is possible.

La disposition des éléments de l'installation permet de réduire d'une ou de deux longueurs de charge l'encombrement de l'installation et surtout, de ne pas immobiliser la chambre de chargement durant le refroidissement de la charge. Ceci ressort clairement si l'on compare cette installation selon l'invention avec les installations connues jusqu'a présent et vendues par différentes maisons.The arrangement of the elements of the installation allows reduce the overall dimensions by one or two load lengths of the installation and above all, not to immobilize the loading chamber during cooling of the charge. This is clear if we compare this installation according to the invention with the installations known until now and sold by different houses.

Claims (15)

Installation pour le traitement thermique d'une charge de pièces métalliques, comprenant un premier ensemble avec au moins un four et un deuxième ensemble avec au moins un bac, caractérisée en ce que l'un des deux ensembles est fixé a une structure stationnaire (12; 65, 85) et que l'autre ensemble est relié à une structure déplaçable (13, 30; 67, 87) par rapport à la structure stationnaire et en ce que des joints (16, 17, 18; 31, 32, 33; 70, 71, 72; 88) sont arrangés entre les deux ensembles, pour mettre, au choix, un des bacs (6, 7; 34, 35, 36; 47, 48; 68, 69; 81, 82) en regard de l'un des fours 17, 18; 31, 32, 33; 70, 71, 72; 88) tout en évitant l'oxydation de la surface des pièces de la charge (5, 5A, 5B), la pollution et le refroidissement du four pendant le cycle de travail.Installation for the heat treatment of a load of metal parts, comprising a first set with at least one oven and a second set with at least one tray, characterized in that one of the two sets is fixed has a stationary structure (12; 65, 85) and that the other assembly is connected to a movable structure (13, 30; 67, 87) with respect to the stationary structure and in that seals (16, 17, 18; 31, 32, 33; 70, 71, 72; 88) are arranged between the two sets, to put, as desired, a trays (6, 7; 34, 35, 36; 47, 48; 68, 69; 81, 82) in look of one of the ovens 17, 18; 31, 32, 33; 70, 71, 72; 88) while avoiding the oxidation of the surface of the parts of the charge (5, 5A, 5B), pollution and cooling of the oven during the work cycle. Installation selon la revendication 1, caractérisée en ce que la structure comprenant au moins un bac (6, 7; 34, 35, 36; 47, 48; 68, 69; 81, 82) est pourvue, à l'endroit de chaque bac, d'un joint intérieur (17, 18; 31, 32, 33; 71, 72; 88) gonflable autour du bac.Installation according to claim 1, characterized in that the structure comprising at least one tank (6, 7; 34, 35, 36; 47, 48; 68, 69; 81, 82) is provided at the place of each tank, with an interior seal (17, 18; 31, 32, 33; 71, 72; 88) inflatable around the tank. Installation selon la revendication 1 ou 2, caractérisée en ce que un des joints est un joint extérieur (16, 70) gonflable disposé dans une zone proche du pourtour des structures.Installation according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that one of the seals is an outer seal (16, 70) inflatable arranged in an area close to the periphery structures. Installation selon l'une des revendications 1 à 3, caractérisée en ce que le(s) four(s) (17, 18; 31, 32, 33; 70, 71, 72; 88) est (sont) fixé(s) à la structure stationnaire et que les bacs (6, 7; 34, 35, 36; 47, 48; 68, 69; 81, 82) sont fixés à la structure déplaçable. Installation according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the oven (s) (17, 18; 31, 32, 33; 70, 71, 72; 88) is (are) fixed to the structure stationary and that the tanks (6, 7; 34, 35, 36; 47, 48; 68, 69; 81, 82) are fixed to the movable structure. Installation selon la revendication 4, caractérisée en ce que la structure stationnaire est une table (12) portant le(s) four(s) (1, 29, 44, 50) et fixée à un support (14) et que la structure déplaçable est une table rotative (13) portant les bacs (6, 7; 34, 35, 36; 47, 48).Installation according to claim 4, characterized in what the stationary structure is a table (12) carrying the oven (s) (1, 29, 44, 50) and fixed to a support (14) and that the movable structure is a rotary table (13) carrying the trays (6, 7; 34, 35, 36; 47, 48). Installation selon la revendication 4, caractérisée en ce que la structure stationnaire est une table fixe (65) portant le(s) four(s) (17, 18; 31, 32, 33; 70, 71, 72; 88) et que la structure déplaçable est une table de translation linéaire (67) portant les bacs (68, 69).Installation according to claim 4, characterized in what the stationary structure is a fixed table (65) bearing the oven (s) (17, 18; 31, 32, 33; 70, 71, 72; 88) and that the movable structure is a translation table linear (67) carrying the tanks (68, 69). Installation selon la revendication 5, caractérisée en ce que la table fixe (12) comprend une porte (27) avec un joint (28) permettant la charge/décharge de la charge (5, 5A, 5B).Installation according to claim 5, characterized in that the fixed table (12) comprises a door (27) with a joint (28) allowing the charge / discharge of the charge (5, 5A, 5B). Installation selon la revendication 5 ou 7, caractérisée en ce que les bacs (6, 7; 34, 35, 36; 47, 48) sont suspendus à la table rotative (13) et que chaque bac comprend un piston élévateur (8, 9; 41, 42, 43) pour mouvoir la charge (5, 5A, 5B), le bouchon (4, 4A) du four formant support de charge.Installation according to claim 5 or 7, characterized in that the containers (6, 7; 34, 35, 36; 47, 48) are suspended from the rotary table (13) and that each bin includes a lifting piston (8, 9; 41, 42, 43) for movement the charge (5, 5A, 5B), the plug (4, 4A) of the furnace forming load support. Installation selon l'une des revendications 1 à 5 ou 7, caractérisée en ce que au moins un des bacs est un bac avec un liquide refroidisseur (53) et qu'un autre bac est un bac à pression (54) comprenant un ascenseur (55) avec support de charge (56) et une porte inférieure (64) étanche.Installation according to one of claims 1 to 5 or 7, characterized in that at least one of the tanks is a tank with a coolant (53) and that another tank is a pressure tank (54) comprising an elevator (55) with load support (56) and a sealed bottom door (64). Installation selon la revendication 9, caractérisée en ce que le tour (50) est pourvue d'arrêts mécaniques (51) pour retenir la charge (5) pendant la rotation de la table rotative (13).Installation according to claim 9, characterized in that the lathe (50) is provided with mechanical stops (51) to retain the load (5) during the rotation of the table rotary (13). Installation selon l'une des revendications 1 à 5, 7 ou 8, caractérisée en ce que le four (1, 29, 44) est pourvue d'un bouchon qui est constitué de deux demi-tiroirs (63, 63A) effectuant un mouvement horizontal.Installation according to one of claims 1 to 5, 7 or 8, characterized in that the oven (1, 29, 44) is provided a stopper which consists of two half-drawers (63, 63A) performing a horizontal movement. Installation selon l'une des revendications 1 à 5, 7 à 11, caractérisée en ce que le deuxième ensemble comprend au moins un bac de chargement/déchargement (6; 34; 47, 48), un bac a refroidissement à gaz (35, 54) et un bac à refroidissement par un liquide (36, 53).Installation according to one of claims 1 to 5, 7 to 11, characterized in that the second set comprises at less a loading / unloading tank (6; 34; 47, 48), a gas cooling tank (35, 54) and a liquid cooling (36, 53). Installation selon la revendication 6, caractérisée en ce que le(s) four(s) (64) est (sont) fixé(s) sur une table supérieure (65) et que les bacs (68, 69) sont suspendus à une table de translation (67), la table supérieure comprenant une porte (73, 74) des deux côtés du four.Installation according to claim 6, characterized in what (s) oven (s) (64) is (are) fixed (s) on a table upper (65) and that the tanks (68, 69) are suspended from a translation table (67), the upper table comprising a door (73, 74) on both sides of the oven. Installation selon la revendication 6, caractérisée en ce que le four est un four (75) du type poussant à charge longue comprenant une platine (85) équipée de deux portes (86) de chargement/déchargement et en ce que deux chambres de chargement/déchargement (81, 82) sont attachées à une platine mobile (87) montée sur glissière, chaque chambre comprenant un joint d'étanchéité (88).Installation according to claim 6, characterized in what the oven is an oven (75) of the push-to-load type long comprising a plate (85) fitted with two doors (86) loading / unloading and in that two chambers loading / unloading (81, 82) are attached to a movable plate (87) mounted on slide, each chamber comprising a seal (88). Installation selon la revendication 14, caractérisée en ce que chaque chambre (81, 82) comprend un système d'entraínement (89) de la charge (90).Installation according to claim 14, characterized in that each chamber (81, 82) includes a system drive (89) of the load (90).
EP98811062A 1998-10-23 1998-10-23 Heat treatment installation for a batch of metallic workpieces Expired - Lifetime EP0995805B9 (en)

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DE69815108T DE69815108T2 (en) 1998-10-23 1998-10-23 Heat treatment plant for a batch of metallic workpieces
EP98811062A EP0995805B9 (en) 1998-10-23 1998-10-23 Heat treatment installation for a batch of metallic workpieces
AT98811062T ATE241705T1 (en) 1998-10-23 1998-10-23 HEAT TREATMENT SYSTEM FOR A BATCH OF METALLIC WORKPIECES
ES98811062T ES2199416T3 (en) 1998-10-23 1998-10-23 INSTALLATION FOR THE THERMAL TREATMENT OF A LOAD OF METAL PARTS.

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EP0995805B1 (en) 2003-05-28
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DE69815108T2 (en) 2004-02-05
ES2199416T3 (en) 2004-02-16
ATE241705T1 (en) 2003-06-15

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