EP0939429A1 - Luminous body comprising a plastic envelope and a process for its preparation - Google Patents

Luminous body comprising a plastic envelope and a process for its preparation Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0939429A1
EP0939429A1 EP99100557A EP99100557A EP0939429A1 EP 0939429 A1 EP0939429 A1 EP 0939429A1 EP 99100557 A EP99100557 A EP 99100557A EP 99100557 A EP99100557 A EP 99100557A EP 0939429 A1 EP0939429 A1 EP 0939429A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
plastic
bulb
filament
glass
luminous
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Application number
EP99100557A
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German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Lutz Dr. Ferley
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Evonik Operations GmbH
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Huels Infracor GmbH
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Publication date
Application filed by Huels Infracor GmbH filed Critical Huels Infracor GmbH
Publication of EP0939429A1 publication Critical patent/EP0939429A1/en
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J61/00—Gas-discharge or vapour-discharge lamps
    • H01J61/02—Details
    • H01J61/30—Vessels; Containers
    • H01J61/302—Vessels; Containers characterised by the material of the vessel
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J5/00—Details relating to vessels or to leading-in conductors common to two or more basic types of discharge tubes or lamps
    • H01J5/50—Means forming part of the tube or lamps for the purpose of providing electrical connection to it
    • H01J5/54—Means forming part of the tube or lamps for the purpose of providing electrical connection to it supported by a separate part, e.g. base
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J9/00—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for the manufacture, installation, removal, maintenance of electric discharge tubes, discharge lamps, or parts thereof; Recovery of material from discharge tubes or lamps
    • H01J9/24—Manufacture or joining of vessels, leading-in conductors or bases
    • H01J9/245—Manufacture or joining of vessels, leading-in conductors or bases specially adapted for gas discharge tubes or lamps
    • H01J9/247—Manufacture or joining of vessels, leading-in conductors or bases specially adapted for gas discharge tubes or lamps specially adapted for gas-discharge lamps

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to breakage-insensitive lamps and a Process for their production.
  • the material glass has a known major disadvantage, its sensitivity to breakage.
  • the sensitivity to breakage means that the Light bulb is a relatively high scrap caused by broken glass, and thus the Manufacturing costs are increased. Additional costs arise because of the transport of light bulbs special packaging must be used in order to to protect transporting light bulbs from accidental blows. At the Operation of the filament may cause them to burst and splinter glass give up the environment. The glass fragments cause a high risk of injury for people and animals that are near the light fixtures.
  • EP 0 306 269 describes an incandescent lamp which protects against bursting double piston used.
  • the inner piston can also be wired be reinforced; the outer bulb can be made by applying a polymer layer be reinforced. When the light bulb bursts, only the inner bulb is destroyed, and it is thus avoided that parts of the lamp, which predominantly consist of glass, are thrown into the environment.
  • EP 0 175 333 describes a lamp whose outer envelope is covered with a Polymer, preferably Teflon, is coated to prevent glass splinters from escaping to prevent when the lamp bursts.
  • the invention is therefore based on the object of break-insensitive light bulbs and to provide a process for their manufacture.
  • the object is achieved by means of luminous bodies with sleeves made of plastic, made by injection molding.
  • the sheaths are preferably bulbs or bulbs Tubes of fluorescent tubes.
  • pistons and threads are of Lightbulbs or tubes and plug connections of fluorescent tubes made of plastic manufactured.
  • the polymers preferably have Softening or melting points of> 100 ° C and in particular of> 150 ° C on.
  • Suitable polymers are, for example, polyesters, polyphenylene ethers, polysulfones, Polycarbonates, polyamides, polymethacrylates.
  • Luminous bodies made of polycarbonate, polyamide or polymethacrylate are preferred.
  • Another object of the invention is a method for producing insensitive to breakage Luminaries.
  • the process is generally characterized in that the envelopes of the luminous bodies manufactured by injection molding.
  • the sleeves can be bulbs of light bulbs or the tubes about fluorescent tubes.
  • the insensitivity to breakage of Light bulbs can be increased significantly.
  • During transport and handling of these light bulbs produced by the method according to the invention with a Pistons made of plastic can be saved considerable costs, since no complex Packaging is more necessary and in the manufacturing process the committee can be significantly reduced.
  • the bursting of the filament is by use significantly reduced by plastic in the manufacture of the filament envelope. Additional advantages of this process compared to traditional manufacturing of luminous elements with glass envelopes consist in the lower energy costs, the faster piece production, the reduction of work steps, the easy Colorability of the plastic material and the possibility of special effects, such as they e.g. can be achieved through the use of luminescent plastics.
  • the present invention and the method according to the invention are as follows described using the production of a standard light bulb without this to be limited.
  • the light bulb made of glass in a known manner consists of a blown Glass bulb, a glass stamp that carries the filament, which consists of a heat-resistant metal such as Tungsten or a heat-resistant alloy exists, as well as a connecting element, the thread or plug connections are manufactured so that they are screwed into standard lamp holders or - can be inserted.
  • the connecting element is usually made of metal manufactured and serves as a pole for supplying the lamp with electrical energy.
  • the connecting element is used to transfer the energy to the filament electrically connected to the filament.
  • the other pole is one of Ceramic coated metallic contact, which is also electrically conductive with the Filament is connected.
  • the bulb of a light bulb is injection molded from plastic.
  • the connecting element of the light bulb and the holder of the filament can be opened a manner known to the person skilled in the art can be produced from metal or glass.
  • the molded part can be incorporated, preferably with a metal pin Surrounded by a layer that conducts heat poorly, e.g. Ceramics, also later in insert the molding by inserting a hole in the molding, in which the metal pin is inserted and glued or welded.
  • the hole can be done in a manner known to those skilled in the art, e.g. made by drilling become.
  • the light bulb produced by the method according to the invention Plastic fits into a normal socket and has electrical contact, it can be advantageous to coat the outside of the connector so that the Outside of the thread or the plug connections partially or completely is made electrically conductive. This can be done in a manner known to those skilled in the art, e.g. by applying conductive silver varnish.
  • the connecting element and the piston are injection molded from one piece. So that Threads or the plug connections can be made electrically conductive, it may make sense to use a metal pin during the spraying process is preferably covered with a layer that does not transfer the heat well, such as. Ceramics, insert into the injection mold so that the metal pin after Removal of the molding from the injection mold is installed in the molding, that he has an electrically conductive connection of the interior of the molding with the Permits the outside of the molding.
  • the metal pin is not in the plastic during the spraying process manufactured injection molded, the metal pin, preferably with a Surrounded by a layer that conducts heat poorly, e.g. Ceramics, also later in insert the molding by inserting a hole in the molding, in which the metal pin is inserted and glued or welded.
  • the hole can be done in a manner known to those skilled in the art, e.g. made by drilling become.
  • the light bulb produced by the method according to the invention Plastic fits into a normal socket and has electrical contact, it can be advantageous to coat the outside of the connector so that the Outside of the thread or the plug connections partially or completely is made electrically conductive. This can be done in a manner known to those skilled in the art, e.g. by applying conductive silver varnish.
  • the holder of the Filament or the stamp made of a heat-resistant material, such as Glass, Teflon or metal, and is used together with the filament, which is made for one Filaments commonly used material, e.g. Tungsten insists on one Introduced in the piston known manner and electrically conductive connected.
  • the conclusion is at least one electrically conductive contact, which is inserted into a ceramic and / or plastic mass.
  • the injection molding of parts of the plastic filament can on a Those skilled in the art are carried out using a method which is suitable for injection molding plastic parts.
  • Methods described in DE 26 19 064 and DE 43 28 377 can be not only axially symmetrical hollow bodies, but also curved hollow bodies Manufacture plastic.
  • plastics preferably amorphous or partially crystalline
  • Plastics are used are transparent or semi-transparent and break-resistant and preferably one Have a softening point of> 150 ° C, e.g. Polyester, polyphenylene ether.
  • the temperature during injection molding should be selected so that the temperature during injection molding Injection mold completely through the plastic liquefied by heating is filled and the plastic in the injection mold is not affected by thermal Effects is destroyed.
  • the optimal spray temperature as well as the optimal Injection pressure can be determined by simple preliminary tests for the plastic used, to be determined individually.
  • the individual parts of the incandescent lamps according to the invention are e.g. by gluing, airtight connected.
  • the advantage of the incandescent lamp, its thread and hollow body directly injected from a single piece is that they no longer occur can that when turning light bulbs in or out The bulb holder of the bulb detaches from the thread.
  • an inert gas can enter the interior of the light bulb be included. In this case too, it is advantageous to use the atmosphere in the To put inside the bulb under reduced pressure.
  • the injection molded plastic parts of an incandescent lamp or Filament from inside or outside e.g. with a heat resistant and / or heat insulating layer, e.g. from annealed metal oxides or ceramics, coated. Furthermore, a coating with infrared radiation reflective properties on the inside of the molded plastic parts the light bulb or the filament are applied.
  • the bulb of the light bulbs which is usually is pear-shaped to give a different shape.
  • shapes can be particularly preferred which allow greater heat dissipation, such as this e.g. by enlarging the surface by incorporating slats can, so that the heat load of the plastic material does not become too great.
  • optical effects e.g. the Bundling of light or similar effects.
  • functional Reasons e.g. by the shape and size of the filament or an illuminant Containing vessel, it may be appropriate to the piston a shape other than that commonly used to give.
  • Such Connection can e.g. be a color pigment, which the manufacture of the shell of a Luminous body for generating colored light.
  • the process is not just conventional in the manufacture of light bulbs Limited sense, but it can also be applied to all electrically operated light sources, which is an envelope, e.g. a piston or cylinder, which according to the conventional Process is made of glass, in which to generate the light not a filament but a lamp or a vessel filled with lamp is used, applied.
  • an envelope e.g. a piston or cylinder
  • the conventional Process is made of glass, in which to generate the light not a filament but a lamp or a vessel filled with lamp is used, applied.
  • Fig. 1 is an example of an embodiment according to the invention Process produced break-resistant light bulbs shown without that Procedure is limited to this.
  • the breakage-resistant incandescent lamp produced by the method according to the invention consists of a bulb made of plastic 1 , a thread 2 , which was made of conventional materials or plastic, a filament 3 , a holder (stamp) for the filament 4 and a bulb that forms the end of the bulb Contact 5 .

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Injection Moulding Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
  • Manufacture Of Electron Tubes, Discharge Lamp Vessels, Lead-In Wires, And The Like (AREA)
  • Vessels And Coating Films For Discharge Lamps (AREA)
  • Common Detailed Techniques For Electron Tubes Or Discharge Tubes (AREA)

Abstract

The cover elements of light bulb or tube comprises a plastic material, produced by injection molding.

Description

Die vorliegende Erfindung betrifft bruchunempfindliche Leuchtkörper und ein Verfahren zu ihrer Herstellung.The present invention relates to breakage-insensitive lamps and a Process for their production.

Bei der Herstellung von Leuchtkörpern, wie z.B. Glühbirnen, wird seit langem Glas als Werkstoff verwendet. Dieser Werkstoff hat mehrere entscheidende Vorteile, wie z.B. die Transparenz des Werkstoffes, die hohe Temperaturbeständigkeit sowie die hohe Luftundurchlässigkeit, welche zwingend notwendig ist, da der Glühbirnenkolben meist unter vermindertem Innendruck steht und/oder mit einem Inertgas gefüllt ist. Bisher gab es kein Verfahren, welches den Werkstoff Glas bei der Herstellung von Glühbirnen ersetzen konnte, da eventuell geeignete Materialien wie z.B. Kunststoffe, nicht in einer geeigneten Weise verarbeitet werden konnten.In the manufacture of lighting fixtures, e.g. Lightbulbs have long been glass used as material. This material has several key advantages, such as e.g. the transparency of the material, the high temperature resistance and the high air impermeability, which is imperative since the Bulb bulb is usually under reduced internal pressure and / or with a Inert gas is filled. So far, there has been no process using glass as a material Manufacture of light bulbs could replace, because suitable materials such as e.g. Plastics, could not be processed in a suitable manner.

Der Werkstoff Glas hat einen bekannten großen Nachteil, seine Bruchempfindlichkeit. Die Bruchempfindlichkeit bewirkt, daß schon im Herstellungsprozeß der Glühbirne ein relativ hoher Ausschuß durch Glasbruch entsteht, und somit die Herstellungskosten erhöht werden. Zusätzliche Kosten entstehen, da beim Transport von Glühbirnen besondere Verpackungsmittel eingesetzt werden müssen um die zu transportierenden Glühbirnen vor versehentlichen Schlägen zu schützen. Beim Betrieb der Leuchtkörper kann es vorkommen, daß diese bersten und Glassplitter in die Umgebung abgeben. Die Glassplitter verursachen eine hohe Verletzungsgefahr für Menschen und Tiere, die sich in der Nähe der Leuchtkörper aufhalten.The material glass has a known major disadvantage, its sensitivity to breakage. The sensitivity to breakage means that the Light bulb is a relatively high scrap caused by broken glass, and thus the Manufacturing costs are increased. Additional costs arise because of the transport of light bulbs special packaging must be used in order to to protect transporting light bulbs from accidental blows. At the Operation of the filament may cause them to burst and splinter glass give up the environment. The glass fragments cause a high risk of injury for people and animals that are near the light fixtures.

In EP 0 306 269 wird eine Glühlampe beschrieben, die als Berstschutz einen doppelten Kolben verwendet. Der innere Kolben kann zusätzlich mit einem Drahtnetz verstärkt werden; der äußere Kolben kann durch Aufbringen einer Polymerschicht verstärkt werden. Beim Bersten der Glühlampe wird nur der innere Kolben zerstört, und es wird somit vermieden, daß beim Bersten Teile der Lampe, welche überwiegend aus Glas bestehen, in die Umgebung geschleudert werden. EP 0 306 269 describes an incandescent lamp which protects against bursting double piston used. The inner piston can also be wired be reinforced; the outer bulb can be made by applying a polymer layer be reinforced. When the light bulb bursts, only the inner bulb is destroyed, and it is thus avoided that parts of the lamp, which predominantly consist of glass, are thrown into the environment.

Aus EP 0 273 442 ist eine Lampe und deren Herstellungsverfahren bekannt, die aus zusammengesetzten Sicherheitschichten besteht. Diese Schichten vermeiden beim Zerstören der Lampe, daß Glassplitter in die Umgebung geschleudert werden.From EP 0 273 442 a lamp and its manufacturing method are known which are known from composite security layers. Avoid these layers when Destroying the lamp, splintering glass into the environment.

In EP 0 175 333 wird eine Lampe beschrieben, deren äußere Hülle mit einem Polymer, vorzugsweise Teflon, beschichtet ist, um das Austreten von Glassplittern beim Bersten der Lampe zu verhindern.EP 0 175 333 describes a lamp whose outer envelope is covered with a Polymer, preferably Teflon, is coated to prevent glass splinters from escaping to prevent when the lamp bursts.

All die oben genannten Dokumente beschreiben Verfahren, die beim Bersten eines Leuchtkörpers aus Glas verhindern sollen, daß Glassplitter in gefährlicher Weise an die Umgebung abgegeben werden. Da bei all diesen Verfahren die Leuchtkörper und im speziellen die Glühbirnenkolben aus Glas gefertigt werden, läßt sich das eigentliche Zerbrechen der Leuchtkörper durch diese Verfahren allerdings nicht verhindern.All of the above documents describe procedures that occur when a Luminous elements made of glass should prevent glass splinters from being dangerous the environment. Since in all these processes the luminous elements and in particular, the bulb bulbs are made of glass, the real thing However, this procedure does not prevent the filament from breaking.

Der Erfindung liegt daher die Aufgabe zugrunde, bruchunempfindliche Glühbirnen und ein Verfahren zu ihrer Herstellung bereitzustellen.The invention is therefore based on the object of break-insensitive light bulbs and to provide a process for their manufacture.

Erfindungsgemäß wird die Aufgabe durch Leuchtkörper mit Hüllen aus Kunststoff, gefertigt durch Spritzguß gelöst.According to the invention, the object is achieved by means of luminous bodies with sleeves made of plastic, made by injection molding.

Bei den Hüllen handelt es sich vorzugsweise um Kolben von Glühlampen oder um Röhren von Leuchtröhren.The sheaths are preferably bulbs or bulbs Tubes of fluorescent tubes.

In einer besonders bevorzugten Form der Erfindung sind Kolben und Gewinde von Glühbirnen oder Röhre und Steckverbindungen von Leuchtröhren aus Kunststoff gefertigt.In a particularly preferred form of the invention, pistons and threads are of Lightbulbs or tubes and plug connections of fluorescent tubes made of plastic manufactured.

Während sich Leuchtröhren beim Leuchten nur mäßig erwärmen sind bei Glühbirnen Temperaturen von > 100 °C durchaus üblich. Entsprechend sind die Anforderungen an die Kunststoffe. Für transparente Leuchtkörper werden amorphe, für trübe Leuchtkörper teilkristalline Polymere verwendet. Vorzugsweise weisen die Polymere Erweichungs- bzw. Schmelzpunkte von > 100 °C und im besonderen von > 150 °C auf.While fluorescent tubes only warm up moderately when lighting up with light bulbs Temperatures of> 100 ° C are quite common. The requirements are corresponding to the plastics. For transparent illuminants, amorphous ones become cloudy, for cloudy ones Luminous body partially crystalline polymers used. The polymers preferably have Softening or melting points of> 100 ° C and in particular of> 150 ° C on.

Geeignete Polymere sind beispielsweise Polyester, Polyphenylenether, Polysulfone, Polycarbonate, Polyamide, Polymethacrylate.Suitable polymers are, for example, polyesters, polyphenylene ethers, polysulfones, Polycarbonates, polyamides, polymethacrylates.

Leuchtkörper aus Polycarbonat, Polyamid oder Polymethacrylat sind bevorzugt.Luminous bodies made of polycarbonate, polyamide or polymethacrylate are preferred.

Ein weiterer Gegenstand der Erfindung ist ein Verfahren zur Herstellung von bruchunempfindlichen Leuchtkörpern.Another object of the invention is a method for producing insensitive to breakage Luminaries.

Das Verfahren ist allgemein dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß man die Hüllen der Leuchtkörper durch Spritzguß fertigt.The process is generally characterized in that the envelopes of the luminous bodies manufactured by injection molding.

Bei den Hüllen kann es sich dabei um Kolben von Glühbirnen oder um die Röhren von Leuchtstoffröhren handeln.The sleeves can be bulbs of light bulbs or the tubes about fluorescent tubes.

Mit Hilfe des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens kann die Bruchunempfindlichkeit von Glühbirnen erheblich gesteigert werden. Beim Transport und bei der Handhabung dieser nach dem erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren hergestellten Glühbirnen mit einem Kolben aus Kunststoff können erhebliche Kosten gespart werden, da keine aufwendigen Verpackungen mehr nötig sind und im Fertigungsprozeß der Ausschuß erheblich verringert werden kann. Das Bersten der Leuchtkörper wird durch Einsatz von Kunststoff bei der Herstellung der Leuchtkörperhülle erheblich vermindert. Zusätzliche Vorteile dieses Verfahrens im Verhältnis zur traditionellen Herstellung von Leuchtkörpern mit Glashüllen bestehen in den niedrigeren Energiekosten, der schnelleren Stückfertigung, der Verringerung der Arbeitsschritte, der leichten Einfärbbarkeit des Kunststoffmaterials und der Möglichkeit von Spezialeffekten, wie sie z.B. durch den Einsatz lumineszierender Kunststoffe erreicht werden können. With the help of the method according to the invention the insensitivity to breakage of Light bulbs can be increased significantly. During transport and handling of these light bulbs produced by the method according to the invention with a Pistons made of plastic can be saved considerable costs, since no complex Packaging is more necessary and in the manufacturing process the committee can be significantly reduced. The bursting of the filament is by use significantly reduced by plastic in the manufacture of the filament envelope. Additional advantages of this process compared to traditional manufacturing of luminous elements with glass envelopes consist in the lower energy costs, the faster piece production, the reduction of work steps, the easy Colorability of the plastic material and the possibility of special effects, such as they e.g. can be achieved through the use of luminescent plastics.

Die vorliegende Erfindung und das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren wird im folgenden anhand der Herstellung einer Standardglühbirne beschrieben ohne auf diese beschränkt zu sein.The present invention and the method according to the invention are as follows described using the production of a standard light bulb without this to be limited.

Die in bekannter Weise aus Glas hergestellte Glühbirne besteht aus einem geblasenen Glaskolben, einem Glasstempel, der den Glühfaden trägt, welcher aus einem hitzebeständigem Metall wie z.B. Wolfram oder einer hitzebeständigen Legierung besteht, sowie einem Verbindungselement, dessen Gewinde oder Steckverbindungen so gefertigt werden, daß sie in handelsübliche Lampenfassungen eingeschraubt oder - gesteckt werden können. Das Verbindungselement ist üblicherweise aus Metall gefertigt und dient als ein Pol zur Versorgung der Lampe mit elektrischer Energie. Zur Übertragung der Energie auf den Glühfaden ist das Verbindungselement elektrisch leitend mit dem Glühfaden verbunden. Den anderen Pol bildet ein von Keramik ummantelter metallischer Kontakt, der ebenfalls elektrisch leitend mit dem Glühfaden verbunden ist.The light bulb made of glass in a known manner consists of a blown Glass bulb, a glass stamp that carries the filament, which consists of a heat-resistant metal such as Tungsten or a heat-resistant alloy exists, as well as a connecting element, the thread or plug connections are manufactured so that they are screwed into standard lamp holders or - can be inserted. The connecting element is usually made of metal manufactured and serves as a pole for supplying the lamp with electrical energy. The connecting element is used to transfer the energy to the filament electrically connected to the filament. The other pole is one of Ceramic coated metallic contact, which is also electrically conductive with the Filament is connected.

Erfindungsgemäß wird der Kolben einer Glühbirne aus Kunststoff gespritzt.According to the invention, the bulb of a light bulb is injection molded from plastic.

Das Verbindungselement der Glühbirne und die Halterung des Glühfadens kann auf eine dem Fachmann bekannte Weise aus Metall bzw. Glas hergestellt werden.The connecting element of the light bulb and the holder of the filament can be opened a manner known to the person skilled in the art can be produced from metal or glass.

In einer besonderen Ausführungsart des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens wird das Verbindungselement aus Kunststoff gespritzt. Damit das Gewinde oder die Steckverbindungen elektrisch leitend ausgeführt werden können, kann es sinnvoll sein, während des Spritzvorgangs einen Metallstift, der vorzugsweise mit einer Schicht ummantelt ist, welche die Wärme schlecht überträgt, wie z.B. Keramiken, in die Spritzform so einzulegen, daß der Metallstift nach Entnahme des Spritzlings aus dem Spritzwerkzeug so in den Spritzling eingebaut ist, daß er eine elektrisch leitende Verbindung des Innenraums des Spritzlings mit der Außenseite des Spritzlings zuläßt. In a special embodiment of the method according to the invention Injection molded from plastic. So that the thread or the plug connections can be made electrically conductive, it can be useful during the spraying process a metal pin, preferably with a layer is encased, which transfers the heat poorly, e.g. Ceramics in which Insert the injection mold so that the metal pin after removing the molding from the Injection mold is installed in the molding so that it is an electrically conductive Connection of the interior of the molding to the outside of the molding allows.

Wird der Metallstift nicht während des Spritzvorganges in den aus Kunststoff hergestellten Spritzling eingearbeitet kann der Metallstift, der vorzugsweise mit einer Schicht umgeben ist, die die Wärme schlecht leitet, wie z.B. Keramik, auch später in den Spritzling eingebracht werden, indem ein Loch in den Spritzling eingefügt wird, in welches der Metallstift eingebracht und verklebt oder verschweißt wird. Das Loch kann auf eine dem Fachmann bekannte Weise, z.B. durch Bohren, angefertigt werden.If the metal pin is not in the plastic during the spraying process The molded part can be incorporated, preferably with a metal pin Surrounded by a layer that conducts heat poorly, e.g. Ceramics, also later in insert the molding by inserting a hole in the molding, in which the metal pin is inserted and glued or welded. The hole can be done in a manner known to those skilled in the art, e.g. made by drilling become.

Damit die nach dem erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren hergestellte Glühbirne aus Kunststoff in eine normale Fassung paßt und elektrischen Kontakt hat, kann es vorteilhaft sein, die Außenseite des Verbindungsstückes so zu beschichten, daß die Außenseite des Gewindes oder der Steckverbindungen teilweise oder vollständig elektrisch leitend gemacht wird. Dies kann auf eine dem Fachmann bekannte Weise, z.B. durch Auftragen von Silberleitlack, erfolgen.So that the light bulb produced by the method according to the invention Plastic fits into a normal socket and has electrical contact, it can be advantageous to coat the outside of the connector so that the Outside of the thread or the plug connections partially or completely is made electrically conductive. This can be done in a manner known to those skilled in the art, e.g. by applying conductive silver varnish.

In einer weiteren besonderen Ausführungsart des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens wird das Verbindungselement und der Kolben aus einem Stück gespritzt. Damit das Gewinde oder die Steckverbindungen elektrisch leitend ausgeführt werden können, kann es sinnvoll sein, während des Spritzvorgangs einen Metallstift, der vorzugsweise mit einer Schicht ummantelt ist, welche die Wärme schlecht überträgt, wie z.B. Keramiken, in die Spritzform so einzulegen, daß der Metallstift nach Entnahme des Spritzlings aus dem Spritzwerkzeug so in den Spritzling eingebaut ist, daß er eine elektrisch leitende Verbindung des Innenraums des Spritzlings mit der Außenseite des Spritzlings zuläßt.In a further special embodiment of the method according to the invention the connecting element and the piston are injection molded from one piece. So that Threads or the plug connections can be made electrically conductive, it may make sense to use a metal pin during the spraying process is preferably covered with a layer that does not transfer the heat well, such as. Ceramics, insert into the injection mold so that the metal pin after Removal of the molding from the injection mold is installed in the molding, that he has an electrically conductive connection of the interior of the molding with the Permits the outside of the molding.

Wird der Metallstift nicht während des Spritzvorganges in den aus Kunststoff hergestellten Spritzling eingearbeitet, kann der Metallstift, der vorzugsweise mit einer Schicht umgeben ist, die die Wärme schlecht leitet, wie z.B. Keramik, auch später in den Spritzling eingebracht werden, indem ein Loch in den Spritzling eingefügt wird, in welches der Metallstift eingebracht und verklebt oder verschweißt wird. Das Loch kann auf eine dem Fachmann bekannte Weise, z.B. durch Bohren, angefertigt werden.If the metal pin is not in the plastic during the spraying process manufactured injection molded, the metal pin, preferably with a Surrounded by a layer that conducts heat poorly, e.g. Ceramics, also later in insert the molding by inserting a hole in the molding, in which the metal pin is inserted and glued or welded. The hole can be done in a manner known to those skilled in the art, e.g. made by drilling become.

Damit die nach dem erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren hergestellte Glühbirne aus Kunststoff in eine normale Fassung paßt und elektrischen Kontakt hat, kann es vorteilhaft sein, die Außenseite des Verbindungsstückes so zu beschichten, daß die Außenseite des Gewindes oder der Steckverbindungen teilweise oder vollständig elektrisch leitend gemacht wird. Dies kann auf eine dem Fachmann bekannte Weise, z.B. durch Auftragen von Silberleitlack, erfolgen.So that the light bulb produced by the method according to the invention Plastic fits into a normal socket and has electrical contact, it can be advantageous to coat the outside of the connector so that the Outside of the thread or the plug connections partially or completely is made electrically conductive. This can be done in a manner known to those skilled in the art, e.g. by applying conductive silver varnish.

Bei allen Ausführungsarten des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens ist die Halterung des Glühfadens bzw. der Stempel aus einem hitzebeständigen Werkstoff, wie z.B. Glas, Teflon oder Metall, und wird zusammen mit dem Glühfaden, der aus einem für Glühfäden üblicherweise verwendetem Material, z.B. Wolfram, besteht, auf eine dem Fachmann bekannte Weise in den Kolben eingebracht und elektrisch leitend verbunden. Den Abschluß bildet zumindest ein elektrisch leitender Kontakt, welcher in eine Keramik und/oder Kunststoffmasse eingefügt ist.The holder of the Filament or the stamp made of a heat-resistant material, such as Glass, Teflon or metal, and is used together with the filament, which is made for one Filaments commonly used material, e.g. Tungsten insists on one Introduced in the piston known manner and electrically conductive connected. The conclusion is at least one electrically conductive contact, which is inserted into a ceramic and / or plastic mass.

Das Spritzgießen von Teilen der Leuchtkörper aus Kunststoff kann auf eine dem Fachmann bekannte Weise erfolgen, in dem ein Verfahren angewendet wird, welches zum Spritzgießen von Kunststoffteilen geeignet ist. Vorteilhafterweise können Verfahren zum Spritzen von Kunststoffhohlkörpern mit Hinterschneidungen eingesetzt werden, bei denen Spritzwerkzeuge zum Einsatz kommen, die einen Faltkern zur Formung der Innenhinterschneidungen aufweisen. Mit diesen bekannten Verfahren, welche in DE 26 19 064 und DE 43 28 377 beschrieben sind, lassen sich nicht nur achsensymmetrische Hohlkörper, sondern auch gebogene Hohlköper aus Kunststoff fertigen.The injection molding of parts of the plastic filament can on a Those skilled in the art are carried out using a method which is suitable for injection molding plastic parts. Can advantageously Process for injection molding hollow plastic bodies with undercuts that use injection molds that have a folding core to form the internal undercuts. With these well-known Methods described in DE 26 19 064 and DE 43 28 377 can be not only axially symmetrical hollow bodies, but also curved hollow bodies Manufacture plastic.

Als Kunststoffe können alle Kunststoffe, bevorzugt amorphe oder teilkristalline Kunststoffe, besonders bevorzugt thermoplastische Polymere, eingesetzt werden, die transparent oder semitransparent und bruchstabil sind und vorzugsweise einen Erweichungspunkt von > 150 °C aufweisen, wie z.B. Polyester, Polyphenylenether. Polysulfone, Polycarbonate, Polyamide, Polymethacrylate.All plastics, preferably amorphous or partially crystalline, can be used as plastics Plastics, particularly preferably thermoplastic polymers, are used are transparent or semi-transparent and break-resistant and preferably one Have a softening point of> 150 ° C, e.g. Polyester, polyphenylene ether. Polysulfones, polycarbonates, polyamides, polymethacrylates.

Die Temperatur ist beim Spritzgießen so zu wählen, daß beim Spritzgießen die Spritzgußform durch den durch Erhitzen verflüssigten Kunststoff vollständig ausgefüllt wird und der Kunststoff im Spritzgießwerkzeug nicht durch thermische Einwirkungen zerstört wird. Die optimale Spritztemperatur sowie der optimale Spritzdruck sind durch einfache Vorversuche für den jeweils eingesetzten Kunststoff, individuell zu ermitteln.The temperature during injection molding should be selected so that the temperature during injection molding Injection mold completely through the plastic liquefied by heating is filled and the plastic in the injection mold is not affected by thermal Effects is destroyed. The optimal spray temperature as well as the optimal Injection pressure can be determined by simple preliminary tests for the plastic used, to be determined individually.

Die Einzelteile der erfindungsgemäßen Glühlampen werden, z.B. durch Kleben, luftdicht verbunden. Der Vorteil der Glühlampe, deren Gewinde und Hohlkörper direkt aus einem Stück gespritzt worden sind, besteht darin, daß es nicht mehr vorkommen kann, daß sich beim Heraus- oder Hereindrehen von Glühlampen in bzw. aus der Lampenfassung der Kolben vom Gewinde löst.The individual parts of the incandescent lamps according to the invention are e.g. by gluing, airtight connected. The advantage of the incandescent lamp, its thread and hollow body directly injected from a single piece is that they no longer occur can that when turning light bulbs in or out The bulb holder of the bulb detaches from the thread.

Es kann sich als vorteilhaft erweisen im Inneren der Glühlampe einen verminderten Druck einzustellen. Zusätzlich kann ein Inertgas in das Innere der Glühlampe eingeschlossen werden. Auch in diesem Fall ist es vorteilhaft die Atmosphäre im Inneren der Glühlampe unter verminderten Druck zu setzen.It can prove to be advantageous to have a diminished lamp inside the incandescent lamp Adjust pressure. In addition, an inert gas can enter the interior of the light bulb be included. In this case too, it is advantageous to use the atmosphere in the To put inside the bulb under reduced pressure.

In einer besonders vorteilhaften Ausführungsart des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens werden die aus Kunststoff gespritzten Teile einer Glühlampe bzw. eines Leuchtkörpers von innen oder außen, z.B. mit einer hitzeresistenten und/oder wärmeisolierenden Schicht, z.B. aus hochgeglühten Metalloxiden oder Keramiken, beschichtet. Des weiteren kann eine Beschichtung mit Infrarot-Strahlung reflektierenden Eigenschaften auf die Innenseiten der aus Kunststoff gespritzten Teile der Glühlampe oder des Leuchtkörpers aufgebracht werden.In a particularly advantageous embodiment of the method according to the invention are the injection molded plastic parts of an incandescent lamp or Filament from inside or outside, e.g. with a heat resistant and / or heat insulating layer, e.g. from annealed metal oxides or ceramics, coated. Furthermore, a coating with infrared radiation reflective properties on the inside of the molded plastic parts the light bulb or the filament are applied.

Es kann vorteilhaft sein, dem Kolben der Glühbirnen, der normalerweise birnenförmig gestaltet ist, eine andere Form zu geben. Zum einen können Formen besonders bevorzugt sein, welche eine größere Wärmeabfuhr ermöglichen, wie dies z.B. durch Vergrößerung der Oberfläche durch Einarbeiten von Lamellen geschehen kann, damit die Wärmebelastung des Kunststoffmaterials nicht zu groß wird. Zum anderen können Formen besonders bevorzugt sein, die optische Effekte, wie z.B. die Bündelung des Lichtes oder ähnliche Effekte, ermöglichen. Auch aus funktionellen Gründen, z.B. durch Form und Größe des Glühfadens oder eines ein Leuchtmittel enthaltenden Gefäßes, kann es angezeigt sein, dem Kolben eine andere Form als die üblicherweise verwendete zu geben.It may be advantageous to use the bulb of the light bulbs, which is usually is pear-shaped to give a different shape. For one, shapes can be particularly preferred which allow greater heat dissipation, such as this e.g. by enlarging the surface by incorporating slats can, so that the heat load of the plastic material does not become too great. To the others may be particularly preferred forms that have optical effects, e.g. the Bundling of light or similar effects. Also from functional Reasons, e.g. by the shape and size of the filament or an illuminant Containing vessel, it may be appropriate to the piston a shape other than that commonly used to give.

Durch das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren zur Herstellung von bruchunempfindlichen Glühbirnen aus Kunststoff ist es weiterhin möglich, den Kolben der Glühbirne in den verschiedensten Formen zu spritzen, wie z.B. Quader, Vielecke, aber auch unsymmetrische Formen, was vorteilhaft sein kann, wenn die Glühbirne an einem Ort eingesetzt werden soll, bei der die runde oder birnenförmige Form aus ästhetischen oder funktionellen Gründen nicht optimal einsetzbar ist.By the method according to the invention for the production of insensitive to breakage Plastic lightbulbs, it is still possible to insert the bulb into the bulb to inject various forms, e.g. Cuboids, polygons, but also asymmetrical shapes, which can be beneficial when the light bulb is in one place should be used in which the round or pear-shaped form from aesthetic or functional reasons cannot be used optimally.

Im Rahmen des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens kann es außerdem vorteilhaft sein, durch Zugabe von einer oder mehreren Verbindungen die Eigenschaften der eingesetzten Kunststoffe bzw. des fertigen Spritzlings zu verändern. Eine solche Verbindung kann z.B. eine Farbpigment sein, welches die Fertigung der Hülle eines Leuchtköpers zur Erzeugung farbigen Lichts ermöglicht.In the context of the method according to the invention, it can also be advantageous by adding one or more compounds the properties of the used plastics or the finished molding. Such Connection can e.g. be a color pigment, which the manufacture of the shell of a Luminous body for generating colored light.

Das Verfahren ist nicht nur auf die Herstellung von Glühbirnen im herkömmlichen Sinne beschränkt, sondern es kann auch auf alle elektrisch betriebenen Leuchtkörper, die eine Hülle, z.B. einen Kolben oder Zylinder, der nach den herkömmlichen Verfahren aus Glas hergestellt wird, aufweisen, in welchem zur Erzeugung des Lichts kein Glühfaden sondern ein Leuchtmittel oder ein mit Leuchtmittel gefülltes Gefäß eingesetzt wird, angewendet werden. The process is not just conventional in the manufacture of light bulbs Limited sense, but it can also be applied to all electrically operated light sources, which is an envelope, e.g. a piston or cylinder, which according to the conventional Process is made of glass, in which to generate the light not a filament but a lamp or a vessel filled with lamp is used, applied.

In Fig. 1 ist beispielhaft eine Ausführungsart der nach dem erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren hergestellten bruchunempfindlichen Glühlampen dargestellt, ohne daß das Verfahren auf diese beschränkt ist.In Fig. 1 is an example of an embodiment according to the invention Process produced break-resistant light bulbs shown without that Procedure is limited to this.

Die nach dem erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren hergestellte bruchunempfindliche Glühlampe besteht aus einem Kolben aus Kunststoff 1, einem Gewinde 2, welches aus herkömmlichen Materialien oder aus Kunststoff gefertigt wurde, einem Glühfaden 3, einer Halterung (Stempel) für den Glühfaden 4 und einem den Abschluß der Glühbirne bildenden Kontakt 5.The breakage-resistant incandescent lamp produced by the method according to the invention consists of a bulb made of plastic 1 , a thread 2 , which was made of conventional materials or plastic, a filament 3 , a holder (stamp) for the filament 4 and a bulb that forms the end of the bulb Contact 5 .

Claims (16)

Bruchunempfindliche Leuchtkörper,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß die Hülle aus Kunststoff, gefertigt durch Spritzguß, besteht.Broken insensitive lamps,
characterized,
that the shell is made of plastic, manufactured by injection molding. Leuchtkörper nach Anspruch 1,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß die Hülle der Kolben einer Glühbirne ist.Luminous element according to claim 1,
characterized,
that the envelope is the bulb of a light bulb. Leuchtkörper nach Anspruch 1,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß die Hülle die Röhre einer Leuchtröhre ist.Luminous element according to claim 1,
characterized,
that the envelope is the tube of a fluorescent tube. Leuchtkörper nach Anspruch 2,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß Kolben und Gewinde aus Kunststoff gefertigt sind.Luminous body according to claim 2,
characterized,
that pistons and threads are made of plastic. Leuchtkörper nach Anspruch 3,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß Röhre und Steckverbindung aus Kunststoff gefertigt sind.Luminous body according to claim 3,
characterized,
that tube and connector are made of plastic. Leuchtkörper nach Anspruch 1,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß der Kunststoff einen Erweichungspunkt von > 150 °C aufweist.Luminous element according to claim 1,
characterized,
that the plastic has a softening point of> 150 ° C. Leuchtkörper nach Anspruch 6,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß er aus Polycarbonat, Polyamid oder Polymethacrylat besteht. Luminous body according to claim 6,
characterized,
that it consists of polycarbonate, polyamide or polymethacrylate. Leuchtkörper nach zumindest einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 7,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß er aus zumindest einem Kunststoff, dem zumindest eine Verbindung zugesetzt wird, besteht.Luminous body according to at least one of Claims 1 to 7,
characterized,
that it consists of at least one plastic to which at least one compound is added. Verfahren zur Herstellung von Leuchtkörpern nach Anspruch 1,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß man die Hülle durch Spritzguß fertigt.A method for producing luminous bodies according to claim 1,
characterized,
that the shell is made by injection molding. Verfahren nach Anspruch 9,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß die Hülle der Kolben einer Glühbirne ist.Method according to claim 9,
characterized,
that the envelope is the bulb of a light bulb. Verfahren nach Anspruch 9,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß die Hülle die Röhre einer Leuchtröhre ist.Method according to claim 9,
characterized,
that the envelope is the tube of a fluorescent tube. Verfahren nach Anspruch 10,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß Kolben und Gewinde aus Kunststoff gefertigt sind.A method according to claim 10,
characterized,
that pistons and threads are made of plastic. Verfahren nach Anspruch 11,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß Röhre und Steckverbindung aus Kunststoff gefertigt sind.A method according to claim 11,
characterized,
that tube and connector are made of plastic. Verfahren nach Anspruch 9,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß der Kunststoff einen Erweichungspunkt von > 150 °C aufweist. Method according to claim 9,
characterized,
that the plastic has a softening point of> 150 ° C. Verfahren nach Anspruch 14,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß er aus Polycarbonat, Polyamid oder Polymethacrylat besteht.The method of claim 14
characterized,
that it consists of polycarbonate, polyamide or polymethacrylate. Verfahren nach zumindest einem der Ansprüche 9 bis 15,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß dem Kunststoff zumindest eine Verbindung zugesetzt wird.Method according to at least one of claims 9 to 15,
characterized,
that at least one compound is added to the plastic.
EP99100557A 1998-02-26 1999-01-08 Luminous body comprising a plastic envelope and a process for its preparation Withdrawn EP0939429A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

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DE19808002 1998-02-26
DE1998108002 DE19808002A1 (en) 1998-02-26 1998-02-26 Break-resistant filaments and a process for their manufacture

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US7319293B2 (en) 2004-04-30 2008-01-15 Lighting Science Group Corporation Light bulb having wide angle light dispersion using crystalline material
US7824065B2 (en) 2004-03-18 2010-11-02 Lighting Science Group Corporation System and method for providing multi-functional lighting using high-efficiency lighting elements in an environment
US8004203B2 (en) 2004-04-23 2011-08-23 Lighting Science Group Corporation Electronic light generating element with power circuit
US8901831B2 (en) 2012-05-07 2014-12-02 Lighting Science Group Corporation Constant current pulse-width modulation lighting system and associated methods
US9464788B2 (en) 2013-08-16 2016-10-11 Lighting Science Group Corporation Method of assembling a lighting device with flexible circuits having light-emitting diodes positioned thereon
US9557015B2 (en) 2013-08-16 2017-01-31 Lighting Science Group Corporation Lighting device with flexible circuits having light-emitting diodes positioned thereupon and associated methods

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2005090852A2 (en) * 2004-03-18 2005-09-29 Lighting Science Group Corporation Led light bulb using a flexible substrate
WO2005090852A3 (en) * 2004-03-18 2006-01-12 Lighting Science Group Corp Led light bulb using a flexible substrate
US7086756B2 (en) 2004-03-18 2006-08-08 Lighting Science Group Corporation Lighting element using electronically activated light emitting elements and method of making same
US7824065B2 (en) 2004-03-18 2010-11-02 Lighting Science Group Corporation System and method for providing multi-functional lighting using high-efficiency lighting elements in an environment
US8004203B2 (en) 2004-04-23 2011-08-23 Lighting Science Group Corporation Electronic light generating element with power circuit
US7319293B2 (en) 2004-04-30 2008-01-15 Lighting Science Group Corporation Light bulb having wide angle light dispersion using crystalline material
US8901831B2 (en) 2012-05-07 2014-12-02 Lighting Science Group Corporation Constant current pulse-width modulation lighting system and associated methods
US9464788B2 (en) 2013-08-16 2016-10-11 Lighting Science Group Corporation Method of assembling a lighting device with flexible circuits having light-emitting diodes positioned thereon
US9557015B2 (en) 2013-08-16 2017-01-31 Lighting Science Group Corporation Lighting device with flexible circuits having light-emitting diodes positioned thereupon and associated methods

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