EP0816544A1 - Recyclable fabric made out of polyolefine threads - Google Patents

Abstract

Recyclable textile sheet in which the warp and/or weft consists of yarn or twist made of 2-component polyolefin fibres (2-CPF) in combination with 0-50 wt% polypropylene (PP) fibres.

Description

Awning fabrics are currently preferred in polyacrylonitrile (PAN) threads Plain weave made 1: 1 with the greatest possible weft and warp density. To achieve a stiff handle required for awnings and water and oil-repellent properties or sufficient watertightness the fabrics are provided with a chemical finish. For the stiff For this purpose, melamine-formaldehyde resins are used and for oil and water repellency Fluorocarbon resins used.

A disadvantage of PAN fabrics is that no suitable way has been found so far recycling PAN fabric. Because of this, both the not inconsiderable production waste that occurs in the assembly of the Awning fabrics and edge cutting arise, as well as the used ones Awnings are dumped or burned.

Attempts have therefore been made to make high-UV stable fabrics, in particular Find awning fabrics that are recyclable. Fabrics made from polypropylene (PP) fine fibers are manufactured without chemical equipment 100% recyclable and, with the appropriate stabilization, they are excellent UV stability, equivalent to that of PAN awning fabrics, on and also have improved tear and tear resistance and less permanent stretch as PAN fabric. Without melamine-formaldehyde resin these PP fabrics do not achieve the required stiff grip. The stiff grip equipment with melamine-formaldehyde resin, however, leads to an increased Write effect. In addition, they arise during recycling, for example by melting and regranulate by thermal decomposition of the melamine-formaldehyde resins small amounts of amines, which give the regranulate a fishy smell to lend. Despite melt filtration, the unpleasant smell and, due to the melamine-formaldehyde resin, cross-linked resin particles, so-called Gel particles, in the regranulate, so that only up to 30% of the regranulate in a mixture can be used again with new goods.

As a solution to these problems, EP-B1-0 629 724 describes polyolefin fabrics, which, without melamine-formaldehyde resins, has the desired stiff grip surrender. The yarns used consist of a fiber blend of PP fibers and deep-melting binding fibers, with the proportion of deep-melting Binding fiber can vary between 1 - 20% by weight.

The disadvantages of these fabrics are that the effort to achieve one homogeneous fiber mixture is large and the finished fabric tend to form unwanted light streaks at the kinks. This Inclination increases with increasing proportion of the deep-melting binding fiber.

The object of the present invention was therefore the disadvantages described to avoid the stiff grip equipment and a well recyclable fabric find that at the same time an improved resilience, d. H. a quick one Repetition at kink or Has crease stress. Unexpectedly, this task could be solved by instead of of yarns made from a mixture of PP fibers and a low-melting one Melt binding fiber, yarns from special biconstituent fibers as weft and / or Warp yarn can be used to make the fabric.

The present invention accordingly relates to recyclable textile fabrics for textile sun protection articles, tarpaulins, tent fabrics, tarpaulin fabrics and the like, which are characterized in that they are in warp and / or Weft direction from yarns or twists made from polyolefin biconstituent fibers in combination with 0 - 50% by weight of polypropylene fibers.

Biconstituent fibers made of PP with different levels of PE and their Production is described for example in US 4,839,228.

The polyolefin biconstituent fibers used according to the invention consist of a finely dispersed mixture of polypropylene and 40 to 60% by weight of a lower-melting thermoplastic which is immiscible with polypropylene. Polypropylene (PP) is understood to mean isotactic or syndiotactic polypropylene, which may contain the usual proportions of atactic PP due to the manufacturing process.
It is preferred to use syndiotactic or isotactic PP with the highest possible tacticity and thus the most crystalline polypropylene possible.

As deep-melting thermoplastics, which are not miscible with PP, z. B. polyethylene, copolyamide or copolyester. Thermoplastics which are immiscible with PP and have a melting point of between about 70 and 150 ° C. are preferably used. Polyethylene (PE) is particularly preferably used as the low-melting thermoplastic.
Polyethylene (PE) can be used as "low density polyethylene" (LDPE), "high density polyethylene" (HDPE) and as linear low density polyethylene "(LLDPE). PE is preferably used as LLDPE or HDPE.
LLDPE can contain 1 to 20% by weight of at least one α-olefin alkylene having 3 to 12, preferably 4 to 8, carbon atoms.

According to the present invention, polyolefin biconstituent fibers are made of PP and 40 to 60% by weight of low-melting thermoplastic which is immiscible with PP used to manufacture the textile fabrics. Preferably lies the proportion of low-melting thermoplastics between 45 and 58% by weight, particularly preferably between 50 and 55% by weight.

The fabrics according to the invention can be made of 100% yarn or Twists consist of biconstituent fibers. The proportion of biconstituent fibers However, up to 50% can be replaced by PP fibers. The one there PP fibers used can be made from isotactic, syndiotactic and atactic PP exist. Again, iso- and syndiotactic PP used.

The PP and biconstituent fibers used contain customary auxiliaries and Above all, they must have high UV stability and color fastness, especially weather fastness exhibit. Auxiliaries are, for example, UV stabilizers, thermal stabilizers and pigments.

Suitable UV stabilizers are, for example, polymeric HALS ("hindered amine light stabilizers ") or mixtures of different HALS stabilizers. Organic and inorganic pigments are suitable as pigments have the required high weather fastness and the UV stability is not negative influence.

Yarns are first used to manufacture the flat structures according to the invention or threads made of staple fibers or multifilaments, which the required have high UV stability, color fastness and weather fastness. To do this in melt spinning, the auxiliaries described above are added to the polymer. Depending on the desired yarn or twine fineness, PP fibers and Biconstituent fibers with different finenesses or single filament fineness (Titers) can be used. Fibers with a titer are preferred between 1.5 and 5 dtex, particularly preferably between 1.7 and 3 dtex.

This can result in yarn finenesses that vary over a wide range can be produced. Yarns with a fineness of Nm are preferred 20 - Nm 60 manufactured. The yarns thus obtained are then optionally as usual, for example by the double-wire method or another suitable Process twisted and then as usual to the invention textile fabrics processed. The textile is preferred Fabric around a fabric.

If increased strength of the yarns or threads is required for certain applications, up to 50% PP fibers can be added to the yarns or threads to increase the strength. This can be done in the form in which the yarn already consists of a fiber mixture of PP fibers and biconstituent fibers or the twine in z. B. double twisting consists of a yarn 100% PP and a yarn 100% biconstituent fiber.
After the usual washing of the fabric or the textile fabric to remove the spinning and, if appropriate, twist preparation, the fabric or textile fabric is only provided with equipment for oil and water repellency. Fluorocarbon resins are preferably used for this.
When the fluorocarbon resin is condensed, the fabric or textile fabric is heated to a temperature above that of the melting point of the lower-melting component of the biconstituent fiber, the biconstituent fibers sticking to one another and to the PP fibers which may be present.
After cooling, this leads to the desired stiff grip with good elasticity at the same time.

Depending on the yarn or twine fineness and fabric setting used (e.g. weave or number of warp and weft threads / cm), to achieve the desired stiffness and elasticity, yarns or twists are made from the biconstituent fiber described in warp and weft or only used in warp or weft.
With a suitable temperature control, there are significantly smaller changes in color (especially the depth of color) in the thermal treatment of the tissue compared to the prior art. At the same time, the occurrence of light streaks when kinked or creased is largely avoided.

Another advantage is that a fabric or fabric, under Maintaining good recyclability without the hassle of being homogeneous Mixture of e.g. B. PP fibers can be made with PE fibers.

The fabrics or fabrics thus obtained are therefore particularly suitable for Manufacture of textile sun protection articles, preferably of awnings, however also for boat covers, tarpaulins, camping furniture covers and the like.

Example 1:

Made of 100% PP staple fibers of the type ASOTA FV8817, 2.2 dtex, 50 mm cutting length (highly UV-stable, spun-dyed, maximum tensile strength 46 cN / tex, maximum tensile strength elongation 32%) and 100% of a special biconstituent fiber of the type ASOTA FV4508 (50 % PP, 50% PE), 2.2 dtex, 50 mm cutting length (highly UV-stable, maximum tensile strength 38 cN / tex, maximum tensile strength elongation 36%), threads of Nm 34 and Nm 50 were spun on a three-cylinder ring spinning machine. These yarns were twisted using the double-wire process to make Nm 34/2 and Nm 50/2. FV8817 Yarn data cN / tex Strain % Nm 34/2 33.8 20.4 Nm 50/2 31.9 21.2 FV4508 Nm 34/2 May 27 25.1 Nm 50/2 26.3 26.0

The threads Nm 34/2 and Nm 50/2, made from the ASOTA type FV8817, were used to manufacture the chains.
The yarns Nm 34/2 and Nm 50/2, made from the ASOTA type FV4508, were used as weft yarn.

The fabrics were plain woven on a Sulzer projectile weaving machine 1: 1 produced (30 warp threads / cm, 14.5 weft threads / cm in the twist count Nm 34/2; 36 warp threads / cm and 17 weft threads / cm with the twist count Nm 50/2).

Katalysator CR

5 g/l

Nuva FPT

50 g/l

Trocknen

3 min. 110°C

Kondensieren

3 min. 140°C

The fabrics thus produced were washed with the addition of 1 g / l Ladiquest 1097 to remove the spinning and twisting preparation and then rinsed. For dirt and water repellency, the fabrics were equipped with the following recipe using the padding process (liquor absorption approx. 50%):

Catalyst CR

5 g / l

Nuva FPT

50 g / l

dry

3 min. 110 ° C

Condense

3 min. 140 ° C

The finished fabrics had the desired stiff grip with good elasticity at the same time.
For the fabrics from Nm 34/2, the maximum tensile force according to DIN 53857 was 264 daN / 5 cm in warp and 125 daN / 5 cm in the weft direction and the maximum tensile elongation was 54% and 22%, respectively. The water tightness according to DIN 53886 resulted in 32 mbar.

For fabrics made of Nm 50/2, the maximum tensile force according to DIN 53857 was 198 daN / 5 cm in warp and 100 daN / 5 cm in weft direction and the maximum tensile strength stretch 53% and 23%, respectively. The water resistance according to DIN 53886 was 30 mbar.

The fabrics produced in this way met all the requirements placed on an awning fabric, where the stiff grip and here especially the elasticity clearly compared to PAN fabrics and those described in the document EP-B1-0 629 724 Tissues have been improved. Also the appearance of light streaks in the event of buckling or creasing, this is largely avoided.

The tissues can be easily regranulated. The regranulate can contain up to 100 % are used for the production of polyolefin staple fibers.

Claims (10)

Recyclable, textile fabrics for textile sun protection articles, tarpaulins, Tent fabrics, tarpaulin fabrics and the like, characterized in that that they are made in the warp and / or weft direction from yarns or twists from polyolefin biconstituent fibers in combination with 0 - 50% by weight polypropylene fiber consist. Recyclable, textile fabrics according to claim 1, characterized in that that they are made of polyolefin biconstituent fibers in the warp and / or weft direction consist. Recyclable, textile fabrics according to claim 1, characterized in that that the polyolefin biconstituent fibers are a finely dispersed mixture made of polypropylene and 40 to 60% by weight of a lower melting point thermoplastic not miscible with polypropylene. Recyclable, textile fabrics according to claim 3, characterized in that as a low-melting point immiscible with polypropylene Thermoplastic polyethylene, copolyamide or copolyester can be used. Recyclable, textile fabrics according to claim 3, characterized in that used as a low-melting thermoplastic polyethylene becomes. Recyclable textile fabrics according to claims 1-5, characterized in that the fibers UV stabilizers, thermal stabilizers and Contain pigments as auxiliary substances. Recyclable, textile fabrics according to claims 1-6, characterized in that they contain oil and water repellent equipment. Recyclable, textile fabrics according to claim 7, characterized in that that they contain a fluorocarbon resin for oil and water repellency. Recyclable, textile fabrics according to claims 1-8, characterized in that the fabrics are woven. Use of recyclable, textile fabrics according to claim 1 - 9 for the production of awning fabric.