EP0814447B1 - Vehicle communications system - Google Patents
Vehicle communications system Download PDFInfo
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- EP0814447B1 EP0814447B1 EP97108733A EP97108733A EP0814447B1 EP 0814447 B1 EP0814447 B1 EP 0814447B1 EP 97108733 A EP97108733 A EP 97108733A EP 97108733 A EP97108733 A EP 97108733A EP 0814447 B1 EP0814447 B1 EP 0814447B1
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- European Patent Office
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- devices
- application
- interfaces
- central computer
- interface
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- G—PHYSICS
- G08—SIGNALLING
- G08G—TRAFFIC CONTROL SYSTEMS
- G08G1/00—Traffic control systems for road vehicles
- G08G1/20—Monitoring the location of vehicles belonging to a group, e.g. fleet of vehicles, countable or determined number of vehicles
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- G—PHYSICS
- G08—SIGNALLING
- G08G—TRAFFIC CONTROL SYSTEMS
- G08G1/00—Traffic control systems for road vehicles
- G08G1/09—Arrangements for giving variable traffic instructions
- G08G1/091—Traffic information broadcasting
- G08G1/094—Hardware aspects; Signal processing or signal properties, e.g. frequency bands
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- G—PHYSICS
- G08—SIGNALLING
- G08G—TRAFFIC CONTROL SYSTEMS
- G08G1/00—Traffic control systems for road vehicles
- G08G1/09—Arrangements for giving variable traffic instructions
- G08G1/091—Traffic information broadcasting
Definitions
- the invention relates to a vehicle communication system with a central computer for the implementation of telematics applications, with device units for sending, receiving, recording and / or processing of data belonging to these applications and with one or more data transmission channels with associated ones Interfaces through which the device units with the Central computers are connectable.
- telematics systems i.e. electronic data transmission systems
- telecommunications services wins also becoming increasingly important in the field of vehicle technology. So telecommunications services are already in the vehicle used in the areas of traffic control, security services, dynamic navigation aid and mobile office new functionalities enable.
- a vehicle communication system of the type mentioned is for example in published patent application DE 44 03 712 A1 in Form of an on-board computer removable from the vehicle, the control functions for vehicle navigation, for a Traffic radio and a telephone device includes.
- a fundamental problem with conventional vehicle communication systems The type mentioned at the outset is that the driver units for the device units and the interfaces, i.e. the device and interface gateways, inseparable units form with the respective interface that is used for connection the relevant device unit is provided.
- the device units are transferred from the computer via the requested application the unchangeably predetermined architecture of each Interface and device gateway and assigned interface addressed.
- Flexible control of the respective device unit via another interface or an exchange of one Device unit by a unit with the same function, however another type is not without great adjustment effort possible, because not only the interface and Device gateways adapted, i.e. replaced by other versions need to be changed but also due to this measure in the computer itself and / or the application for the purpose of adaptation changed data formats etc. are necessary.
- a conventional one System of this type is in its main features in the publication A. Kirson, ATIS - A Modular Approach, IEEE Plans '92 position Location and Navigation Symposium, January 1, 1992, page 528 indicated, where applications such as route planning, route guidance, Access to databases and user interface functionality are mentioned.
- the published patent application DE 42 18 804 A1 shows a system that has some flexibility in terms of Presentation of vehicle information has what an information management system is provided with the information in a motor vehicle flexibly adapted to the respective needs represented, processed and saved, whereby the System should be designed so that it is for future needs open and therefore easily expandable.
- the invention is a technical problem of providing a vehicle communication system of the type mentioned is based on an increased with relatively little effort Flexibility in the implementation of telematics applications offers.
- the invention solves this problem by providing a Vehicle communication system with the features of claim 1.
- the device units for sending, receiving, Acquisition and / or processing of the telematics applications data in the form of an isolated solution assigned to the respective telematics application, but this The assignment is flexible.
- An adaptive application controller selects which are integrated in the central computer or can be arranged externally of this to carry out a required device units for each application function-related and controls the necessary data transfer processes. This allows a modular system structure, to the device units of different manufacturers or several suitable interfaces of the central computer are connected can be.
- Each device unit can be function-related, i.e. to perform a specific function assigned to it, such as positioning.
- the device unit can not only perform this function if required for a specific, but for each telematics application, this function is required to perform this function. Redundancies to fulfill a certain function for several Telematics applications can therefore be avoided if necessary. Conversely, a function, such as determining the vehicle position, be designed redundantly if necessary, by providing the appropriate information in different ways Quality from several, independent positioning channels is made available. It can also the vehicle communication system with new device units and / or telematics applications can be expanded without that the existing system structure must be changed. With provided device and interface gateways, i.e.
- the adaptive application control can receive incoming data in transform the respective data format required on the output side, so that the device units required for the respective application controlled flexibly via the respective interfaces can be.
- the application control is in able to find the appropriate equipment and Interface gateways flexible and function-related from the Select all of the gateways.
- a development of the invention according to claim 2 includes advantageous Possibilities of interfaces for connecting the Device units on the central computer.
- a development of the invention according to claim 3 includes advantageous Device units to perform certain functions for telematics applications.
- a development of the invention according to claim 4 includes advantageous Telematics applications in any combination can be provided.
- the centerpiece is a e.g. in a car or truck installed central computer (1), with which several telematics applications can be carried out, namely the applications Fleet management, route planning, remote diagnosis, theft protection and remote computer communication, such as sending electronic mail and access to databases.
- the telematics applications can in the central computer (1) as hardware or integrated as a software package or by an independent Control unit or as a software package on an external, mobile Be realized.
- a plurality of device units can be connected, namely in this Example case specifically a GPS receiver, a mobile computer in Form a PDA (Personal Digital Assistant), a cellular device (GSM), a CD-ROM unit and an RDS-TMC device.
- these devices serve different Interfaces, namely a CAN, a PCMCIA, an RS232, an IR and a D2B interface.
- IR there is an infrared interface
- D2B Digital Domestic Bus
- the system also has more or fewer applications, Devices and / or interfaces can include.
- the data communication between the devices and the central computer (1) takes place via the data transmission channels belonging to the interfaces.
- the devices are not like conventional ones Systems assigned to a specific application, but instead of one in this example in the Central computer (1) integrated, adaptive application control flexibly used to fulfill the inherent function, what if necessary for several different telematics applications may be the case.
- the adaptive application control is designed so that the application is not explicit Device controls, but the controller an outgoing or incoming Communicates communication request. The controller then chooses that most suitable device and the corresponding communication channel for this. In this way, applications can use different devices Address manufacturers and do not need any information, over which network to address the desired device is. Rather, the adaptive application control takes over Management of data transmission and sets the data packets according to the network protocol via special gateways.
- the adaptive application control decides which Connection requests take precedence by using the appropriate Communication channel through to the device. Thereby can be redundant equipping the vehicle with identical Avoid devices for different telematics applications. Conversely, certain functions can be redundant if necessary can be determined via various information channels, e.g. the determination of the current vehicle position optionally via GPS, mobile radio and / or a beacon system.
- the central computer (1) has a serial RS232 interface to which an infrared transceiver (IR) with RS232 interface for optical connection of a PDA unit connected.
- IR infrared transceiver
- the PDA unit can also be used can be connected directly to this RS232 interface, to which otherwise also a GPS receiver or a data-capable mobile radio (GSM) device can be connected.
- GSM data-capable mobile radio
- a second PCMCIA interface is connected to the Central computer (1) a CAN data bus (CAN1) with downstream Communication device units (Komm1, Var2) connected.
- CAN1 CAN data bus
- Komm1, Var2 Communication device units
- two communication device units can each a control unit for a hardware version of the applications Remote diagnosis and theft protection.
- the GPS receiver Via an optical data bus ring With D2B interface, the GPS receiver can GSM device and / or the RDS-TMC device to the central computer (1) be connected if this data transmission channel in Vehicle is realized.
- the central computer (1) is useful equipped with a real-time capable multitasking operating system and can act as a connection point in a heterogeneous network environment serve.
- the adaptive application control offers their communication relationship with those involved Device units is fixed, e.g. via entered identifiers, secure data transport, whereby among other things checked whether the requested device is currently occupied and on which Data network that is currently connected.
- Such applications are, for example, those implemented on a control unit Remote vehicle diagnosis or sending electronic mail with a PDA.
- the system also includes so-called integrated Telematics applications specially designed for use in Connected with the adaptive application control are, e.g. the fleet management application.
- the functionalities offer other basic services and integrated applications can access explicitly, which in turn creates a redundant design of such functionalities can be avoided.
- These basic services can be used in functions for determining data to be provided externally, such as position determination, Time determination etc., as well as in so-called gateways, which an incoming data stream based on specifications of a requesting, integrated application or a requesting Transform basic service.
- gateways which an incoming data stream based on specifications of a requesting, integrated application or a requesting Transform basic service.
- the gateways are again Interface gateways, device gateways and format gateways to distinguish. Transform the interface gateways incoming data in the interface or data bus format the associated interface and vice versa, while the device gateways incoming data into one for the associated Transform suitable data format and vice versa Data coming from the device in the appropriate output data format transform.
- the format gateways convert those from a basic service converted data into another (standard) format, e.g. the position data of the vehicle.
- Value-added services can also be provided distinguish them from basic services in that they themselves call.
- An example of this is the value-added service RDS-TMC, which currently receives relevant traffic information and regarding the current vehicle position, which is a basic service represents, must weight.
- Fig. 3 shows schematically one for the fulfillment of the above Functionalities suitable structure of the adaptive application control.
- the adaptive application control includes this System design a control unit (2), the adaptive information management takes over. Furthermore, there are a plurality illustrated by basic or value-added services (3), for example for determining the vehicle position, the time and the vehicle speed.
- the controller also includes a plurality of device gateways (4) that correspond to the corresponding device units assigned. It also includes the necessary ones Interface gateways (5), their output lines (6) lead to the appropriate interfaces.
- the control unit (2) mainly has the functions that basic services for integrated To provide applications, to update the database, the topology and resources of the system that are current occupied components and the existing or active client / server relationships to control. Another job is access and security control. In the sense of a master / slave concept is the control unit (2) itself part of the server network and acts as a master for the others Server.
- a suitable communication architecture For communication within the environment of the adaptive application control a suitable communication architecture is provided, those based on the so-called ISO / OSI reference model as a basic structure. Interprocess communication is designed so that the applications are completely independent of the underlying communication structures. The communication between two processes takes place via so-called communication endpoints, being one of the communicating processes can be outside the vehicle.
- Client-server structures are transparent mechanisms Calling up the server functions and for correct, transparent data preparation intended.
- RPC Remote Procedure Call
- the communication architecture also includes a data transport layer, here in the form of a TCP layer.
- a data transport layer in the form of a TCP layer.
- Another communication layer in the form of a network layer for example as an IP layer Addressing the computer on which the communication partner is located, if necessary using a Address conversion. Mapping takes place below the IP layer on the physically existing transmission media, one Data link layer ensures that transmission errors of the medium detected between neighboring nodes and corrected if necessary become.
- An HTTP server unit (7) allows communication with external databases, e.g. via an internet connection.
- adaptive application control fulfills this structure on the one hand a network management, which the management tasks includes all layers of the communication architecture, and on the other hand application management, including the entire Tasks of a dynamic, adaptive client / server environment fall.
- an application can act as a client or as a server. Whether communication with the outside world is necessary and which device units are necessary for this are not relevant for the application.
- a device unit is connected to the Central computer (1) connected and either provides a communication end point or an access point to another communication channel represents, especially for communication with vehicle external Partner devices. Because of this device transparency it is easily possible to move one device through another, for example to replace one from another manufacturer, where a different data format may be used. If several different devices to meet a specific The adaptive application control the selection of which device is currently the most suitable is. The respective application itself remains unaffected.
- This device transparency is shown in FIG. 4 using the example of an application (8) illustrates a vehicle position determination requires. For this position determination are in the example of Fig.
- a beacon communication device on the one hand a beacon communication device and on the other hand a GPS receiver of type Standard A and optionally an additional one Standard B type GPS receiver and / or a GSM device in conjunction with a GPS receiver.
- the adaptive application control (9) of the application On request a vehicle position determination by the application (8) the adaptive application control (9) of the application (8) the currently cheapest device for determining the position of the Vehicle too. If necessary, the adaptive application control (9) several of the four devices for vehicle position determination activate and receive the redundantly obtained independently Position data suitable for determining the vehicle position evaluate.
- Adaptive application control (9) then selects the one occupied for the relevant application or cheapest interface to the GSM device to be activated out.
- the adaptive application control is otherwise to be fulfilled a multiplex function designed with which the case it is manageable that several applications simultaneously on one Access communication device. This function includes a Prioritization of the applications and the interruptibility of the various communication channels.
- Integrated applications inside and outside the central computer can use the same client-server mechanisms with applications and basic services within the central computer or communicate with other external service providers, whereby in in this case the communication path via two interface gateways and two device gateways are running.
- adaptive application control is used for the devices to prevent a particular device from being other application is also requested or that Device on another data network or on another Address is as accepted by this application.
- the central computer is used in this case to access the devices to regulate.
- FIG. 6 exemplarily illustrates the implementation of a fleet management application.
- An external fleet management center not shown communicates via a GSM device (11) that Connected to the vehicle's CAN bus via a CAN gateway and via a GSM gateway with the integrated application Fleet management in the central computer (1).
- This application demands the position function, which in turn uses a GPS gateway and the CAN gateway communicates with a GPS receiver (12), which is also connected to the vehicle's CAN bus.
Abstract
Description
Die Erfindung bezieht sich auf ein Fahrzeugkommunikationssystem mit einem Zentralrechner zur Durchführung von Telematik-Applikationen, mit Geräteeinheiten zum Senden, Empfangen, Erfassen und/oder Verarbeiten von zu diesen Applikationen gehörigen Daten und mit einem oder mehreren Datenübertragungskanälen mit zugehörigen Schnittstellen, über welche die Geräteeinheiten mit dem Zentralrechner verbindbar sind.The invention relates to a vehicle communication system with a central computer for the implementation of telematics applications, with device units for sending, receiving, recording and / or processing of data belonging to these applications and with one or more data transmission channels with associated ones Interfaces through which the device units with the Central computers are connectable.
Der Einsatz von Telematiksystemen, d.h. elektronischen Datenübertragungssystemen, die Telekommunikationsdienste nutzen, gewinnt auch auf dem Gebiet der Fahrzeugtechnik zunehmend an Bedeutung. So werden im Fahrzeug bereits Telekommunikationsdienste eingesetzt, die in den Bereichen Verkehrslenkung, Sicherheitsdienste, dynamische Navigationshilfe und mobiles Büro neue Funktionalitäten ermöglichen.The use of telematics systems, i.e. electronic data transmission systems, who use telecommunications services wins also becoming increasingly important in the field of vehicle technology. So telecommunications services are already in the vehicle used in the areas of traffic control, security services, dynamic navigation aid and mobile office new functionalities enable.
Herkömmliche Telematiksysteme dieser Art bestehen aus einem eigenständigen Rechner mit Schnittstellen zu einem speziell zugehörigen Funkgerät, z.B. GSM- oder Modacom-Gerät, und/oder zu einem Positionsempfänger, wie einem GPS-Empfänger. Die heute auf dem Markt verfügbaren Telekommunikationsgeräte unterscheiden sich grundsätzlich im Schnittstellenprotokoll. Obwohl es Standardisierungsbemühungen gibt, unterscheiden sich die Schnittstellenprotokolle der Geräte in Abhängigkeit des Herstellers, der Version, des Modells und der Technologie, so daß es bislang nur Einzellösungen mit genau definierten Komponenten und Schnittstellen gibt. Die Integration mehrerer Telematikfunktionalitäten in ein Fahrzeug erfolgt daher bislang in Form von voneinander getrennten Insellösungen, da die jeweils zugehörigen Funk- und Peripheriegeräte über keine Netzwerkschnittstellen verfügen, mic denen sie mehrfach für verschiedene Applikationen multifunktional genutzt werden könnten. Eine solche Architektur eines Fahrzeugkommunikationssystems erfordert eine laufende Wartung der Systeme für Modifikationen. Der damit verbundene organisatorische und logistische Aufwand führt zu einer sehr eingeschränkten Reaktionsfähigkeit solcher Fahrzeugkommunikationssysteme auf neu auf dem Markt erscheinende Telematikfunktionen und -komponenten.Conventional telematics systems of this type consist of an independent one Computer with interfaces to a specially associated one Radio, e.g. GSM or Modacom device, and / or to one Position receiver, such as a GPS receiver. The on today differentiate available telecommunication devices on the market basically in the interface protocol. Although there are standardization efforts there are different interface protocols the devices depending on the manufacturer, the version, the model and the technology, so far so far only individual solutions with precisely defined components and Interfaces there. The integration of multiple telematics functionalities So far in a vehicle has therefore taken the form of one another separate island solutions, since the respective associated Radio and peripheral devices via no network interfaces which they have multiple times for different applications could be used multifunctionally. Such architecture a vehicle communication system requires ongoing maintenance of systems for modifications. The associated organizational and logistical effort leads to a very limited Responsiveness of such vehicle communication systems on new telematics functions appearing on the market and components.
Ein Fahrzeugkommunikationssystem der eingangs genannten Art ist beispielsweise in der Offenlegungsschrift DE 44 03 712 A1 in Form eines aus dem Fahrzeug herausnehmbaren Bordcomputers offenbart, der Steuerungsfunktionen zur Fahrzeugnavigation, für ein Verkehrsfunkradio und eine Fernsprecheinrichtung umfaßt.A vehicle communication system of the type mentioned is for example in published patent application DE 44 03 712 A1 in Form of an on-board computer removable from the vehicle, the control functions for vehicle navigation, for a Traffic radio and a telephone device includes.
In der Patentschrift DE 41 10 372 C2 ist eine Multiplex-Übertragungsanordnung für ein Fahrzeug beschrieben, die zwei Netzwerke und einen Gateway-Netzwerkknoten beinhaltet, über den Daten zwischen den Netzwerken übertragen werden können.In the patent DE 41 10 372 C2 is a multiplex transmission arrangement described for a vehicle, the two Contains networks and a gateway network node through which Data can be transferred between the networks.
Ein grundlegendes Problem herkömmlicher Fahrzeugkommunikationssysteme der eingangs genannten Art liegt darin, daß die Treibereinheiten für die Geräteeinheiten und die Schnittstellen, d.h. die Geräte- und Schnittstellen-Gateways, untrennbare Einheiten mit der jeweiligen Schnittstelle bilden, die zum Anschluß der betreffenden Geräteeinheit vorgesehen ist. Die Geräteeinheiten werden durch die angeforderte Applikation vom Rechner über die unveränderlich vorgegebene Architektur von jeweiligem Schnittstellen- und Geräte-Gateway und zugeordneter Schnittstelle angesprochen. Eine flexible Ansteuerung der jeweiligen Geräteeinheit über eine andere Schnittstelle oder ein Austausch einer Geräteeinheit durch eine Einheit mit gleicher Funktion, jedoch anderen Typs ist nicht ohne großen Anpassungsaufwand möglich, da hierzu nicht nur die betroffenen Schnittstellen- und Geräte-Gateways angepaßt, d.h. durch andere Versionen ersetzt werden müssen, sondern aufgrund dieser Maßnahme auch Änderungen im Rechner selbst und/oder der Applikation zwecks Anpassung an geänderte Datenformate etc. notwendig sind. Ein herkömmliches System dieser Art ist in seinen Grundzügen in der Veröffentlichung A. Kirson, ATIS - A Modular Approach, IEEE Plans '92 Position Location and Navigation Symposium, 1. Januar 1992, Seite 528 angedeutet, wobei dort als Applikationen Routenplanung, Routenführung, Zugriff auf Datenbanken und Benutzerschnittstellenfunktion genannt sind. Die Offenlegungsschrift DE 42 18 804 A1 zeigt ein System, das eine gewisse Flexibilität hinsichtlich der Darstellung von Fahrzeuginformationen besitzt, wozu ein Informations-Management-System vorgesehen ist, mit dem Informationen in einem Kraftfahrzeug flexibel an die jeweiligen Bedürfnisse angepaßt dargestellt, aufbereitet und gespeichert werden, wobei das System so ausgelegt sein soll, daß es für zukünftige Erfordernisse offen und damit leicht erweiterbar ist.A fundamental problem with conventional vehicle communication systems The type mentioned at the outset is that the driver units for the device units and the interfaces, i.e. the device and interface gateways, inseparable units form with the respective interface that is used for connection the relevant device unit is provided. The device units are transferred from the computer via the requested application the unchangeably predetermined architecture of each Interface and device gateway and assigned interface addressed. Flexible control of the respective device unit via another interface or an exchange of one Device unit by a unit with the same function, however another type is not without great adjustment effort possible, because not only the interface and Device gateways adapted, i.e. replaced by other versions need to be changed but also due to this measure in the computer itself and / or the application for the purpose of adaptation changed data formats etc. are necessary. A conventional one System of this type is in its main features in the publication A. Kirson, ATIS - A Modular Approach, IEEE Plans '92 position Location and Navigation Symposium, January 1, 1992, page 528 indicated, where applications such as route planning, route guidance, Access to databases and user interface functionality are mentioned. The published patent application DE 42 18 804 A1 shows a system that has some flexibility in terms of Presentation of vehicle information has what an information management system is provided with the information in a motor vehicle flexibly adapted to the respective needs represented, processed and saved, whereby the System should be designed so that it is for future needs open and therefore easily expandable.
Der Erfindung liegt als technisches Problem die Bereitstellung eines Fahrzeugkommunikationssystems der eingangs genannten Art zugrunde, das mit verhältnismäßig geringem Aufwand eine erhöhte Flexibilität bei der Durchführung von Telematik-Applikationen bietet. The invention is a technical problem of providing a vehicle communication system of the type mentioned is based on an increased with relatively little effort Flexibility in the implementation of telematics applications offers.
Die Erfindung löst dieses Problem durch die Bereitstellung eines
Fahrzeugkommunikationssystems mit den Merkmalen des Anspruchs 1.
Bei diesem System sind die Geräteeinheiten zum Senden, Empfangen,
Erfassen und/oder Verarbeiten der zu den Telematik-Applikationen
gehörigen Daten nicht in Form einer Insellösung fest einer
jeweiligen Telematik-Applikation zugeordnet, sondern diese
Zuordnung ist flexibel ausgelegt. Dabei wählt eine adaptive Applikationssteuerung,
die in den Zentralrechner integriert oder
extern von diesem angeordnet sein kann, die zur Durchführung einer
jeweiligen Applikation jeweils erforderlichen Geräteeinheiten
funktionsbezogen aus und steuert die erforderlichen Datenübertragungsvorgänge.
Dies erlaubt einen modularen Systemaufbau,
bei dem Geräteeinheiten uncerschiedlicher Hersteller an eine
oder mehrere geeignete Schnittstellen des Zentralrechners angeschlossen
werden können. Jede Geräteeinheit kann funktionsbezogen,
d.h. zur Erfüllung einer bestimmten, ihr zugewiesenen Funktion,
wie beispielsweise Positionsbestimmung, angesprochen werden.
Diese Funktion kann die Geräteeinheit bei Bedarf nicht nur
für eine bestimmte, sondern für jede Telematik-Applikation erfüllen,
zu deren Durchführung diese Funktion erforderlich ist.
Redundanzen zur Erfüllung einer bestimmten Funktion für mehrere
Telematik-Applikationen lassen sich daher gegebenenfalls vermeiden.
Umgekehrt kann eine Funktion, wie beispielsweise die Fahrzeugpositionsbestimmung,
bei Bedarf redundant ausgelegt werden,
indem die entsprechende Information gegebenenfalls in unterschiedlicher
Güte aus mehreren, voneinander unabhängigen Positionsbestimmungskanälen
zur Verfügung gestellt wird. Zudem kann
das Fahrzeugkommunikationssystem problemlos mit neuen Geräteeinheiten
und/oder Telematik-Applikationen erweitert werden, ohne
daß der bereits bestehende Systemaufbau geändert werden muß. Mit
dazu vorgesehenen Geräte- und Schnittstellen-Gateways, d.h. in
Soft- oder Hardware realisierten Treibereinheiten für die
Schnittstellen und die daran anschließenden Geräteeinheiten,
vermag die adaptive Applikationssteuerung eingehende Daten in
das jeweiligs ausgangsseitig benötigte Datenformat zu transformieren,
so daß die für die jeweilige Applikation benötigten Geräteeinheiten
flexibel über die jeweiligen Schnittstellen angesteuert
werden können. Die Applikationssteuerung ist dabei in
der Lage, die jeweils benötigten, geeigneten Geräte- und
Schnittstellen-Gateways flexibel und funktionsbezogen aus der
Gesamtheit der Gateways auszuwählen.The invention solves this problem by providing a
Vehicle communication system with the features of
Eine Weiterbildung der Erfindung nach Anspruch 2 beinhaltet vorteilhafte
Möglichkeiten von Schnittstellen für den Anschluß der
Geräteeinheiten am Zentralrechner.A development of the invention according to
Eine Weiterbildung der Erfindung nach Anspruch 3 beinhaltet vorteilhafte
Geräteeinheiten zur Erfüllung bestimmter Funktionen
für Telematik-Applikationen.A development of the invention according to
Eine Weiterbildung der Erfindung nach Anspruch 4 beinhaltet vorteilhafte Telematik-Applikationen, die in beliebiger Kombination vorgesehen sein können. A development of the invention according to claim 4 includes advantageous Telematics applications in any combination can be provided.
Bevorzugte Ausführungsformen der Erfindung sind in den Zeichnungen dargestellt und werden nachfolgend beschrieben. Hierbei zeigen:
- Fig. 1
- eine schematische Übersicht über die wesentlichen Bestandteile eines Fahrzeugskommunikationssystems,
- Fig. 2
- ein schematisches Blockdiagramm des für das Fahrzeugkommunikationssystem von Fig. 1 verwendeten Zentralrechners mit zugehörigen Schnittstellen und daran anschließbaren Geräteeinheiten,
- Fig. 3
- ein schematisches Blockdiagramm eines Aufbaus einer in den Zentralrechner von Fig. 2 integrierten, adaptiven Applikationssteuerung,
- Fig. 4
- ein schematisches Blockdiagramm zur Veranschaulichung
der Geräteflexibilität des Systems der
Figuren 1 bis 3, - Fig. 5
- ein schematisches Blockdiagramm zur Veranschaulichung
der Schnittstellenflexibilität des Systems der
Figuren 1 bis 3 und - Fig. 6
- ein schematisches Blockdiagramm zur Veranschaulichung
der Durchführung eines Flottenmanagements als einer Telematik-Applikation
mit dem System der
Figuren 1 bis 5.
- Fig. 1
- a schematic overview of the essential components of a vehicle communication system,
- Fig. 2
- 1 shows a schematic block diagram of the central computer used for the vehicle communication system of FIG. 1 with associated interfaces and device units that can be connected to it,
- Fig. 3
- 2 shows a schematic block diagram of a structure of an adaptive application control integrated in the central computer of FIG. 2,
- Fig. 4
- 2 shows a schematic block diagram to illustrate the device flexibility of the system of FIGS. 1 to 3,
- Fig. 5
- is a schematic block diagram illustrating the interface flexibility of the system of Figures 1 to 3 and
- Fig. 6
- 2 shows a schematic block diagram to illustrate the implementation of fleet management as a telematics application with the system of FIGS. 1 to 5.
Fig. 1 zeigt die wesentlichen Elemente des Fahrzeugkommunikationssystems. Das Herzstück bildet ein z.B. in einem PKW oder LKW installierter Zentralrechner (1), mit dem mehrere Telematik-Applikationen durchgeführt werden können, und zwar die Applikationen Flottenmanagement, Routenplanung, Ferndiagnose, Diebstahlschutz und Rechnerfernkommunikation, wie das Versenden elektronischer Post und das Zugreifen auf Datenbanken. Die Telematik-Applikationen können in den Zentralrechner (1) als Hardware oder als Softwarepaket integriert oder durch ein eigenständiges Steuergerät oder als Softwarepaket auf einem externen, mobilen Rechner realisiert sein. Mit dem Zentralrechner (1) ist eine Mehrzahl von Geräteeinheiten verbindbar, und zwar in diesem Beispielsfall speziell ein GPS-Empfänger, ein mobiler Rechner in Form eines PDA (Personal Digital Assistant), ein Mobilfunkgerät (GSM), eine CD-ROM-Einheit und ein RDS-TMC-Gerät. Zum Anschluß dieser Geräte an den Zentralrechner (1) dienen unterschiedliche Schnittstellen, und zwar eine CAN-, eine PCMCIA-, eine RS232-, eine IR- und eine D2B-Schnittstelle. Mit IR ist hierbei eine Infrarot-Schnittstelle und mit D2B (Digital Domestic Bus) eine in Fahrzeugen der Mercedes-Benz AG zum Einsatz kommende Schnittstelle eines optischen Datenbusnetzwerks bezeichnet. Die übrigen Bezeichnungen sind Standardbezeichnungen. Es versteht sich, daß das System je nach Anwendungsfall auch mehr oder weniger Applikationen, Geräte und/oder Schnittstellen umfassen kann.1 shows the essential elements of the vehicle communication system. The centerpiece is a e.g. in a car or truck installed central computer (1), with which several telematics applications can be carried out, namely the applications Fleet management, route planning, remote diagnosis, theft protection and remote computer communication, such as sending electronic mail and access to databases. The telematics applications can in the central computer (1) as hardware or integrated as a software package or by an independent Control unit or as a software package on an external, mobile Be realized. With the central computer (1) a plurality of device units can be connected, namely in this Example case specifically a GPS receiver, a mobile computer in Form a PDA (Personal Digital Assistant), a cellular device (GSM), a CD-ROM unit and an RDS-TMC device. For connection these devices to the central computer (1) serve different Interfaces, namely a CAN, a PCMCIA, an RS232, an IR and a D2B interface. With IR there is an infrared interface and with D2B (Digital Domestic Bus) one in Interface of vehicles from Mercedes-Benz AG an optical data bus network. The remaining Labels are standard labels. It is understood that depending on the application, the system also has more or fewer applications, Devices and / or interfaces can include.
Die Datenkommunikation zwischen den Geräten und dem Zentralrechner (1) erfolgt über die zu den Schnittstellen gehörigen Datenübertragungskanälen. Dabei sind die Geräte nicht wie bei herkömmlichen Systemen jeweils einer bestimmten Applikation zugeordnet, sondern werden von einer in diesem Beispiel in den Zentralrechner (1) integrierten, adaptiven Applikationssteuerung flexibel zur Erfüllung der ihnen inhärenten Funktion herangezogen, was gegebenenfalls für mehrere unterschiedliche Telematik-Applikationen der Fall sein kann. Die adaptive Applikationssteuerung ist so ausgelegt, daß die Applikation kein explizites Gerät ansteuert, sondern der Steuerung einen aus- bzw. eingehenden Kommunikationswunsch mitteilt. Die Steuerung wählt dann das geeignetste Gerät und den entsprechenden Kommunikationskanal hierfür aus. Auf diese Weise können Applikationen Geräte unterschiedlicher Hersteller ansprechen und benötigen keine Informationen, über welches Netzwerk das gewünschte Gerät anzusprechen ist. Vielmehr übernimmt die adaptive Applikationssteuerung die Führung der Datenübertragung und setzt die Datenpakete gemäß dem jeweiligen Netzwerkprotokoll über spezielle Gateways um. Mehrere Applikationen können dasselbe Gerät zur Kommunikation verwenden, wobei die adaptive Applikationssteuerung entscheidet, welche Verbindungsanforderungen Vorrang haben, indem sie den entsprechenden Kommunikationskanal zu dem Gerät durchschaltet. Dadurch läßt sich eine redundante Bestückung des Fahrzeuges mit identischen Geräten für unterschiedliche Telematik-Applikationen vermeiden. Umgekehrt können bei Bedarf bestimmte Funktionen redundant über verschiedene Informationskanäle ermittelt werden, z.B. die Bestimmung der aktuellen Fahrzeugposition wahlweise über GPS, Mobilfunk und/oder ein Bakensystem.The data communication between the devices and the central computer (1) takes place via the data transmission channels belonging to the interfaces. The devices are not like conventional ones Systems assigned to a specific application, but instead of one in this example in the Central computer (1) integrated, adaptive application control flexibly used to fulfill the inherent function, what if necessary for several different telematics applications may be the case. The adaptive application control is designed so that the application is not explicit Device controls, but the controller an outgoing or incoming Communicates communication request. The controller then chooses that most suitable device and the corresponding communication channel for this. In this way, applications can use different devices Address manufacturers and do not need any information, over which network to address the desired device is. Rather, the adaptive application control takes over Management of data transmission and sets the data packets according to the network protocol via special gateways. Several Applications can use the same device for communication, the adaptive application control decides which Connection requests take precedence by using the appropriate Communication channel through to the device. Thereby can be redundant equipping the vehicle with identical Avoid devices for different telematics applications. Conversely, certain functions can be redundant if necessary can be determined via various information channels, e.g. the determination of the current vehicle position optionally via GPS, mobile radio and / or a beacon system.
Fig. 2 zeigt die beispielhaft am Zentralrechner (1) vorzusehenden Schnittstellen nebst daran anschließbaren Geräteeinheiten, wobei die gestrichelt umrahmten Komponenten als optionale Erweiterung zu sehen sind. Der Zentralrechner (1) besitzt eine serielle RS232-Schnittstelle, an die ein Infrarot-Transceiver (IR) mit RS232-Schnittstelle zur optischen Anbindung einer PDA-Einheit angeschlossen ist. Wahlweise kann die PDA-Einheit auch direkt an diese RS232-Schnittstelle angeschlossen werden, an die ansonsten auch ein GPS-Empfänger oder ein datenfähiges Mobilfunk(GSM)-Gerät angebunden werden können. Des weiteren besitzt der Zentralrechner (1) eine PCMCIA-Schnittstelle, an die ein GSM-Gerät angeschlossen ist. An eine weitere RS232-Schnittstelle kann optional der GPS-Empfänger mit dem Zentralrechner (1) verbunden sein. Über eine zweite PCMCIA-Schnittstelle ist an den Zentralrechner (1) ein CAN-Datenbus (CAN1) mit nachgeschalteten Kommunikationsgeräteeinheiten (Komm1, Komm2) angeschlossen. Diese beiden Kommunikationsgeräteeinheiten können beispielsweise je ein Steuergerät für eine Hardwareausführung der Applikationen Ferndiagnose und Diebstahlschutz sein. Über einen optischen Datenbusring mit D2B-Schnittstelle können der GPS-Empfänger, das GSM-Gerät und/oder das RDS-TMC-Gerät an den Zentralrechner (1) angeschlossen werden, wenn dieser Datenübertragungskanal im Fahrzeug realisiert ist. Der Zentralrechner (1) ist zweckmäßig mit einem echtzeitfähigen Multitasking-Betriebssystem ausgestattet und kann als Verbindungspunkt in einer heterogenen Netzwerkumgebung dienen. 2 shows the examples to be provided on the central computer (1) Interfaces along with connectable device units, the dashed components as an optional extension you can see. The central computer (1) has a serial RS232 interface to which an infrared transceiver (IR) with RS232 interface for optical connection of a PDA unit connected. The PDA unit can also be used can be connected directly to this RS232 interface, to which otherwise also a GPS receiver or a data-capable mobile radio (GSM) device can be connected. Furthermore owns the central computer (1) a PCMCIA interface to which a GSM device is connected. To another RS232 interface the GPS receiver can optionally be connected to the central computer (1) his. A second PCMCIA interface is connected to the Central computer (1) a CAN data bus (CAN1) with downstream Communication device units (Komm1, Komm2) connected. This for example, two communication device units can each a control unit for a hardware version of the applications Remote diagnosis and theft protection. Via an optical data bus ring With D2B interface, the GPS receiver can GSM device and / or the RDS-TMC device to the central computer (1) be connected if this data transmission channel in Vehicle is realized. The central computer (1) is useful equipped with a real-time capable multitasking operating system and can act as a connection point in a heterogeneous network environment serve.
Die adaptive Applikationssteuerung bietet für solche Telematik-Applikationen, deren Kommunikationsbeziehung mit den beteiligten Geräteeinheiten fest vorgegeben ist, z.B. über eingegebene Bezeichner, einen sicheren Datentransport, wobei u.a. geprüft wird, ob das angeforderte Gerät gerade belegt ist und an welchem Datennetz dieses aktuell angeschlossen ist. Solche Applikationen sind beispielsweise die auf einem Steuergerät implementierte Fahrzeugferndiagnose oder das Versenden elektronischer Post mit einem PDA. Darüber hinaus beinhaltet das System sogenannte integrierte Telematik-Applikationen, die speziell für den Einsatz in Verbindung mit der adaptiven Applikationssteuerung ausgelegt sind, wie z.B. die Applikation Flottenmanagement. Daneben sind in das System Basisdienste implementiert, die Funktionalitäten anbieten, auf die andere Basisdienste und die integrierten Applikationen explizit zugreifen können, wodurch sich wiederum eine redundante Auslegung solcher Funktionalitäten vermeiden läßt.For such telematics applications, the adaptive application control offers their communication relationship with those involved Device units is fixed, e.g. via entered identifiers, secure data transport, whereby among other things checked whether the requested device is currently occupied and on which Data network that is currently connected. Such applications are, for example, those implemented on a control unit Remote vehicle diagnosis or sending electronic mail with a PDA. The system also includes so-called integrated Telematics applications specially designed for use in Connected with the adaptive application control are, e.g. the fleet management application. Are next to it implemented in the system basic services, the functionalities offer other basic services and integrated applications can access explicitly, which in turn creates a redundant design of such functionalities can be avoided.
Diese Basisdienste lassen sich in Funktionen zur Ermittlung von nach außen bereitzustellenden Daten, wie Positionsbestimmung, Uhrzeitbestimmung etc., sowie in sogenannte Gateways unterscheiden, die einen eingehenden Datenstrom anhand von Vorgaben einer anfordernden, integrierten Applikation oder eines anfordernden Basisdienstes transformieren. Bezüglich der Gateways sind wiederum Schnittstellen-Gateways, Geräte-Gateways und Format-Gateways zu unterscheiden. Die Schnittstellen-Gateways transformieren eingehende Daten in das Schnittstellen- bzw. Datenbusformat der jeweils zugehörigen Schnittstelle und umgekehrt, während die Geräte-Gateways eingehende Daten in ein für das zugehörige Gerät geeignetes Datenformat transformieren und umgekehrt die vom Gerät kommenden Daten in das geeignete Ausgangsdatenformat transformieren. Die Format-Gateways wandeln die von einem Basisdienst ermittelten Daten in ein anderes (Standard)-Format um, z.B. die Positionsdaten des Fahrzeugs. Zusätzlich zu den Basisdiensten können auch Mehrwertdienste vorgesehen sein, die sich von den Basisdiensten dadurch unterscheiden, daß sie letzere ihrerseits aufrufen. Ein Beispiel hierfür ist der Mehrwertdienst RDS-TMC, der aktuell relevante Verkehrsinformationen empfangen und hinsichtlich der aktuellen Fahrzeugposition, die ein Basisdienst darstellt, gewichten muß.These basic services can be used in functions for determining data to be provided externally, such as position determination, Time determination etc., as well as in so-called gateways, which an incoming data stream based on specifications of a requesting, integrated application or a requesting Transform basic service. Regarding the gateways are again Interface gateways, device gateways and format gateways to distinguish. Transform the interface gateways incoming data in the interface or data bus format the associated interface and vice versa, while the device gateways incoming data into one for the associated Transform suitable data format and vice versa Data coming from the device in the appropriate output data format transform. The format gateways convert those from a basic service converted data into another (standard) format, e.g. the position data of the vehicle. In addition to the basic services Value-added services can also be provided distinguish them from basic services in that they themselves call. An example of this is the value-added service RDS-TMC, which currently receives relevant traffic information and regarding the current vehicle position, which is a basic service represents, must weight.
Fig. 3 zeigt schematisch einen für die Erfüllung der obigen Funktionalitäten geeigneten Aufbau der adaptiven Applikationssteuerung. Die adaptive Applikationssteuerung beinhaltet in dieser Systemauslegung eine Steuereinheit (2), die das adaptive Informationsmanagement übernimmt. Des weiteren sind eine Mehrzahl von Basis- bzw. Mehrwertdiensten (3) illustriert, beispielsweise zur Bestimmung der Fahrzeugposition, der Uhrzeit und der Fahrzeuggeschwindigkeit. Die Steuerung enthält außerdem eine Mehrzahl von Geräte-Gateways (4), die den entsprechenden Geräte-Einheiten zugeordnet sind. Außerdem beinhaltet sie die erforderlichen Schnittstellen-Gateways (5), deren Ausgangsleitungen (6) zu den entsprechenden Schnittstellen führen. Die Steuereinheit (2) hat vor allem die Funktionen, die Basisdienste für integrierte Applikationen bereitzustellen, die Datenbasis zu aktualisieren, die Topologie und die Resourcen des Systems, die aktuell belegten Komponenten und die vorhandenen, bzw. aktiven Client/Server-Beziehungen zu kontrollieren. Eine weitere Aufgabe ist die Zugangs- und Sicherheitskontrolle. Im Sinne eines Master/Slave-Konzeptes ist die Steuereinheit (2) selbst Bestandteil des Server-Netzes und agiert als Master für die anderen Server.Fig. 3 shows schematically one for the fulfillment of the above Functionalities suitable structure of the adaptive application control. The adaptive application control includes this System design a control unit (2), the adaptive information management takes over. Furthermore, there are a plurality illustrated by basic or value-added services (3), for example for determining the vehicle position, the time and the vehicle speed. The controller also includes a plurality of device gateways (4) that correspond to the corresponding device units assigned. It also includes the necessary ones Interface gateways (5), their output lines (6) lead to the appropriate interfaces. The control unit (2) mainly has the functions that basic services for integrated To provide applications, to update the database, the topology and resources of the system that are current occupied components and the existing or active client / server relationships to control. Another job is access and security control. In the sense of a master / slave concept is the control unit (2) itself part of the server network and acts as a master for the others Server.
Zur Kommunikation innerhalb der Umgebung der adaptiven Applikationssteuerung ist eine geeignete Kommunikationsarchitektur vorgesehen, die auf dem sogenannten ISO/OSI-Basis-Referenzmodell als grundlegender Struktur aufbaut. Die Interprozeßkommunikation ist so gestaltet, daß die Applikationen völlig unabhängig von den darunterliegenden Kommunikationsstrukturen sind. Die Kommunikation zwischen zwei Prozessen erfolgt über sogenannte Kommunikationsendpunkte, wobei sich einer der kommunizierenden Prozesse außerhalb des Fahrzeugs befinden kann. Zur Realisierung von Client-Server-Strukturen sind Mechanismen zum transparenten Aufruf der Server-Funktionen und zur korrekten transparenten Datenaufbereitung vorgesehen. Durch eine oberste RPC(Remote Procedure Call)-Kommunikationsschicht wird die geforderte Interprozeßkommunikation bewerkstelligt. Hierdurch wird die Lokalität der miteinander kommunizierenden Applikationen auf dem Zentralrechner selbst oder räumlich von diesem entfernt völlig transparent. Es besteht auch die Möglichkeit, Dienstanforderungen von eincm oder mehreren Dienstanbietern bearbeiten zu lassen, wodurch das Einbinden potentiell konkurrierender Applikationen mit möglicherweise unterschiedlicher Dienstgüte bereits über die Kommunikationsplattform geschehen kann. Diese Redundanz führt dann zur höheren Verfügbarkeit einer Applikation, da beim Ausfall eines Anbieters bereits auf der Kommunikationsplattform ein funktionsanaloger Anbieter einspringen kann. Ein Beispiel hierfür ist die Fahrzeugpositionsbestimmung wahlweise über GPS, GSM oder Koppelnavigation.For communication within the environment of the adaptive application control a suitable communication architecture is provided, those based on the so-called ISO / OSI reference model as a basic structure. Interprocess communication is designed so that the applications are completely independent of the underlying communication structures. The communication between two processes takes place via so-called communication endpoints, being one of the communicating processes can be outside the vehicle. For realization Client-server structures are transparent mechanisms Calling up the server functions and for correct, transparent data preparation intended. By a top RPC (Remote Procedure Call) communication layer becomes the required inter-process communication accomplished. This is the locality the applications communicating with each other on the central computer itself or spatially removed from it completely transparent. There is also the option of service requests from let one or more service providers process what the integration of potentially competing applications possibly different quality of service already over the Communication platform can happen. This redundancy leads then to the higher availability of an application, because of the failure a provider already on the communication platform functionally similar provider can step in. An example of this is the vehicle position determination optionally via GPS, GSM or dead reckoning.
Die Kommunikationsarchitektur beinhaltet des weiteren eine Datentransportschicht, hier beispielhaft in Form einer TCP-Schicht. Eine weitere Kommunikationsschicht in Form einer Vermittlungsschicht, beispielsweise als IP-Schicht, übernimmt die Adressierung desjenigen Rechners, auf welchem der Kommunikationspartner lokalisiert ist, gegebenfalls unter Verwendung einer Adreßumsetzung. Unterhalb der IP-Schicht erfolgt eine Abbildung auf die physikalisch vorhandenen Übertragungsmedien, wobei eine Sicherungsschicht dafür sorgt, daß Übertragungsfehler des Mediums zwischen Nachbarknoten erkannt und gegebenenfalls korrigiert werden. Eine HTTP-Servereinheit (7) erlaubt die Kommunikation mit externen Datenbanken, z.B. über einen Internet-Anschluß. Mit diesem Aufbau erfüllt die adaptive Applikationssteuerung zum einen ein Netzwerkmanagement, welches die Managementaufgaben auf allen Schichten der Kommunikationsarchitektur beinhaltet, und zum anderen ein Applikationsmanagement, worunter die gesamten Aufgaben einer dynamischen, adaptiven Client/Server-Umgebung fallen.The communication architecture also includes a data transport layer, here in the form of a TCP layer. Another communication layer in the form of a network layer, for example as an IP layer Addressing the computer on which the communication partner is located, if necessary using a Address conversion. Mapping takes place below the IP layer on the physically existing transmission media, one Data link layer ensures that transmission errors of the medium detected between neighboring nodes and corrected if necessary become. An HTTP server unit (7) allows communication with external databases, e.g. via an internet connection. With adaptive application control fulfills this structure on the one hand a network management, which the management tasks includes all layers of the communication architecture, and on the other hand application management, including the entire Tasks of a dynamic, adaptive client / server environment fall.
Eine Applikation kann, entsprechend dem Client/Server-Konzept, als Client oder als Server agieren. Ob dafür Kommunikation mit der Außenwelt notwendig ist und welche Geräteeinheiten dafür gegebenenfalls verwendet werden, ist für die Applikation nicht relevant. Eine Geräteeinheit ist über eine Schnittstelle mit dem Zentralrechner (1) verbunden und stellt entweder einen Kommunikationsendpunkt oder einen Zugangspunkt zu einem anderen Kommunikationskanal dar, insbesondere zur Kommunikation mit fahrzeugcxternen Partnergeräten. Durch diese Gerätetransparenz ist es ohne weiteres möglich, ein Gerät durch ein anderes, beispielsweise ein solches von einem anderen Hersteller, zu ersetzen, bei dem eventuell ein anderes Datenformat verwendet wird. Wenn mehrere unterschiedliche Geräte zur Erfüllung einer bestimmten Funktion vorhanden sind, trifft die adaptive Applikationssteuerung die Auswahl, welches Gerät momentan am geeignetsten ist. Die jeweilige Applikation selbst bleibt hiervon unberührt. Diese Gerätetransparenz ist in Fig. 4 am Beispiel einer Applikation (8) veranschaulicht, die eine Fahrzeugpositionsbestimmung erfordert. Für diese Positionsbestimmung sind im Beispiel von Fig. 4 einerseits ein Baken-Kommunikationsgerät und andererseits ein GPS-Empfänger vom Typ Standard A sowie optional ein zusätzlicher GPS-Empfänger vom Typ Standard B und/oder ein GSM-Gerät in Verbindung mit einem GPS-Empfänger vorhanden. Auf Anforderung einer Fahrzeugpositionsbestimmung durch die Applikation (8) weist die adaptive Applikationssteuerung (9) der Applikation (8) das momentan gerade günstigste Gerät zur Positionsbestimmung des Fahrzeugs zu. Gegebenenfalls kann die adaptive Applikationssteuerung (9) mehrere der vier Geräte zur Fahrzeugpositionsbestimmung aktivieren und die unabhängig voneinander redundant erhaltenen Positionsdaten zur Bestimmung der Fahrzeugposition geeignet auswerten.According to the client / server concept, an application can act as a client or as a server. Whether communication with the outside world is necessary and which device units are necessary for this are not relevant for the application. A device unit is connected to the Central computer (1) connected and either provides a communication end point or an access point to another communication channel represents, especially for communication with vehicle external Partner devices. Because of this device transparency it is easily possible to move one device through another, for example to replace one from another manufacturer, where a different data format may be used. If several different devices to meet a specific The adaptive application control the selection of which device is currently the most suitable is. The respective application itself remains unaffected. This device transparency is shown in FIG. 4 using the example of an application (8) illustrates a vehicle position determination requires. For this position determination are in the example of Fig. 4 on the one hand a beacon communication device and on the other hand a GPS receiver of type Standard A and optionally an additional one Standard B type GPS receiver and / or a GSM device in conjunction with a GPS receiver. On request a vehicle position determination by the application (8) the adaptive application control (9) of the application (8) the currently cheapest device for determining the position of the Vehicle too. If necessary, the adaptive application control (9) several of the four devices for vehicle position determination activate and receive the redundantly obtained independently Position data suitable for determining the vehicle position evaluate.
Nachdem von der adaptiven Applikationssteuerung festgestellt wurde, mit welchem bzw. über welches Gerät kommuniziert werden soll, prüft sie des weiteren, über welche Schnittstelle auf dieses Gerät zugegriffen werden kann. Dies ist nötig, da mehrere Schnittstellen derselben Art vorhanden sein können, die voneinander zu unterscheiden sind, oder da das Gerät in verschiedenen Versionen mit verschiedenen Schnittstellen verfügbar sein kann, so daß es möglich ist, das Gerät an eine andere, gleichartige Schnittstelle umzustecken oder es durch eines mit anderer Schnittstelle zu ersetzen, ohne daß die Applikation angepaßt werden muß. Diese Schnittstellentransparenz ist in Fig. 5 am Beispiel eines GSM-Mobilfunkgerätes illustriert. Dabei ist beispielhaft angenommen, daß das GSM-Gerät an eine RS232B-Schnittstelle angeschlossen ist, alternativ ein derartiges GSM-Gerät jedoch auch an anderen Schnittstellen angeschlossen sein könnte, wie einer RS232A-, einer CAN-, einer D2B- und einer PCMCIA-Schnittstelle. Die adaptive Applikationssteuerung (9) wählt dann für die betreffende Applikation die jeweils besetzte bzw. günstigste Schnittstelle zu dem zu aktivierenden GSM-Gerät aus. Die adaptive Applikationssteuerung ist im übrigen zur Erfüllung einer Multiplex-Funktion ausgelegt, mit welcher der Fall beherrschbar ist, daß mehrere Applikationen gleichzeitig auf ein Kommunikationsgerät zugreifen. Diese Funktion beinhaltet eine Priorisierung der Applikationen und die Unterbrechbarkeit der diversen Kommunikationskanäle.After being determined by the adaptive application control was communicated with which or via which device should also check via which interface to this Device can be accessed. This is necessary because there are several Interfaces of the same type can exist that are different from each other are to be distinguished, or because the device in different Versions with different interfaces may be available so that it is possible to connect the device to another, similar Interface or plug it through one with another Interface to be replaced without having to adapt the application must become. This interface transparency is in FIG Example of a GSM mobile radio device illustrated. It is exemplary assumed that the GSM device connected to an RS232B interface is connected, alternatively such a GSM device however, it can also be connected to other interfaces could, like an RS232A, a CAN, a D2B and one PCMCIA interface. Adaptive application control (9) then selects the one occupied for the relevant application or cheapest interface to the GSM device to be activated out. The adaptive application control is otherwise to be fulfilled a multiplex function designed with which the case it is manageable that several applications simultaneously on one Access communication device. This function includes a Prioritization of the applications and the interruptibility of the various communication channels.
Integrierte Applikationen innerhalb und außerhalb des Zentralrechners können über dieselben Client-Server-Mechanismen mit Applikationen und Basisdiensten innerhalb des Zentralrechners oder mit anderen externen Dienstanbietern kommunizieren, wobei in diesem Fall der Kommunikationspfad über zwei Schnittstellen-Gateways und zwei Geräte-Gateways läuft. Für nicht integrierte Applikationen außerhalb des Zentralrechners mit fester Kommunikationsbeziehung zu den Geräten dient die adaptive Applikationssteuerung dazu, zu verhindern, daß ein bestimmtes Gerät von einer anderen Applikation ebenfalls angefordert wird oder sich das Gerät in einem anderen Datennetzwerk oder an einer anderen Adresse befindet als von dieser Applikation angenommen. Der Zentralrechner dient in diesem Fall dazu, den Zugriff auf die Geräte zu regeln.Integrated applications inside and outside the central computer can use the same client-server mechanisms with applications and basic services within the central computer or communicate with other external service providers, whereby in in this case the communication path via two interface gateways and two device gateways are running. For non-integrated Applications outside the central computer with a fixed communication relationship adaptive application control is used for the devices to prevent a particular device from being other application is also requested or that Device on another data network or on another Address is as accepted by this application. The central computer is used in this case to access the devices to regulate.
Fig. 6 veranschaulicht exemplarisch die Durchführung einer Flottenmanagement-Applikation. Eine externe, nicht gezeigte Flottenmanagement-Zentrale kommuniziert über ein GSM-Gerät (11), das über ein CAN-Gateway an den CAN-Bus des Fahrzeugs angebunden ist, und über ein GSM-Gateway mit der integrierten Applikation Flottenmanagement im Zentralrechner (1). Diese Applikation fordert die Funktion Position an, die ihrerseits über ein GPS-Gateway und das CAN-Gateway mit einem GPS-Empfänger (12) kommuniziert, der ebenfalls am CAN-Bus des Fahrzeugs hängt.6 exemplarily illustrates the implementation of a fleet management application. An external fleet management center, not shown communicates via a GSM device (11) that Connected to the vehicle's CAN bus via a CAN gateway and via a GSM gateway with the integrated application Fleet management in the central computer (1). This application demands the position function, which in turn uses a GPS gateway and the CAN gateway communicates with a GPS receiver (12), which is also connected to the vehicle's CAN bus.
Wie aus der vorstehenden Beschreibung eines bevorzugten Ausführungsbeispiels ersichtlich wird, erlaubt das erfindungsgemäße Fahrzeugkommunikationssystem eine flexible und komfortable Durchführung von verschiedensten Telematik-Applikationen im Fahrzeug mit vergleichsweise geringem Aufwand.As from the above description of a preferred embodiment can be seen, allows the invention Vehicle communication system a flexible and convenient Implementation of various telematics applications in the Vehicle with comparatively little effort.
Claims (4)
- A vehicle communication system witha central computer (1) to execute telematics applications,devices for sending, receiving, capturing and/or processing data belonging to the telematics applications andone or more data transmission channels with relevant interfaces via which the devices can be connected to the central computer,an adaptive application control system (9) separate from the telematics applications which communicates with the telematics applications via a common data format independent of the interfaces and devices which selects the devices and interfaces required for the various telematics applications flexibly on the basis of function and, building on this, controls the necessary data transmission processes, to which end it contains device gateways (4) and separate interface gateways (5) which it selects independently and flexibly based on function in order to initiate the various devices via the various interfaces.
- A vehicle communication system in accordance with claim 1, further
characterised in that
a CAN-, RS232, PCMCIA, D2B and/or IR interface are provided to connect the devices to the central computer (1). - A vehicle communication system in accordance with claim 1 or 2, further
characterised in that
at least a GPS receiver, a PDA unit, a GSM unit, a CDROM unit and/or an RDS/TMC unit are provided as the devices. - A vehicle communication system in accordance with one of claims 1 to 3, further
characterised in that
a fleet management application, a route planning application, a remote diagnosis application, an anti-theft application and/or an electronic data communications application are provided as the telematics applications.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE19625002A DE19625002B4 (en) | 1996-06-22 | 1996-06-22 | Vehicle communication system |
DE19625002 | 1996-06-22 |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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EP0814447A1 EP0814447A1 (en) | 1997-12-29 |
EP0814447B1 true EP0814447B1 (en) | 2002-09-25 |
Family
ID=7797702
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP97108733A Expired - Lifetime EP0814447B1 (en) | 1996-06-22 | 1997-05-31 | Vehicle communications system |
Country Status (5)
Country | Link |
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US (1) | US6023232A (en) |
EP (1) | EP0814447B1 (en) |
JP (1) | JP3319983B2 (en) |
AT (1) | ATE225067T1 (en) |
DE (2) | DE19625002B4 (en) |
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US8736419B2 (en) | 2010-12-02 | 2014-05-27 | Zonar Systems | Method and apparatus for implementing a vehicle inspection waiver program |
US10706647B2 (en) | 2010-12-02 | 2020-07-07 | Zonar Systems, Inc. | Method and apparatus for implementing a vehicle inspection waiver program |
CN105261230A (en) * | 2015-11-19 | 2016-01-20 | 北京九五智驾信息技术股份有限公司 | Vehicle fleet management method and apparatus |
Also Published As
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DE19625002B4 (en) | 2005-03-10 |
ATE225067T1 (en) | 2002-10-15 |
DE59708300D1 (en) | 2002-10-31 |
EP0814447A1 (en) | 1997-12-29 |
JP3319983B2 (en) | 2002-09-03 |
DE19625002A1 (en) | 1998-01-02 |
JPH10157535A (en) | 1998-06-16 |
US6023232A (en) | 2000-02-08 |
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