EP0780822A1 - Method and device for contactless transmission of measured values - Google Patents

Method and device for contactless transmission of measured values Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0780822A1
EP0780822A1 EP96203531A EP96203531A EP0780822A1 EP 0780822 A1 EP0780822 A1 EP 0780822A1 EP 96203531 A EP96203531 A EP 96203531A EP 96203531 A EP96203531 A EP 96203531A EP 0780822 A1 EP0780822 A1 EP 0780822A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
measuring point
base station
transmitter
receiver
evaluation circuit
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EP96203531A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0780822B1 (en
Inventor
Siegfried Ritter
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Philips Intellectual Property and Standards GmbH
Koninklijke Philips NV
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Philips Corporate Intellectual Property GmbH
Philips Patentverwaltung GmbH
Koninklijke Philips Electronics NV
Philips Electronics NV
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G08—SIGNALLING
    • G08C—TRANSMISSION SYSTEMS FOR MEASURED VALUES, CONTROL OR SIMILAR SIGNALS
    • G08C17/00—Arrangements for transmitting signals characterised by the use of a wireless electrical link
    • G08C17/04—Arrangements for transmitting signals characterised by the use of a wireless electrical link using magnetically coupled devices

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for the contactless transmission of measured values and a corresponding arrangement for the contactless transmission of measured values.
  • Methods or arrangements for contactless transmission are preferably used for measured values from those measuring points which are not easily accessible and whose measured values are not required continuously. This includes, for example, many consumption data measurements and temperature measurements such as measuring a room temperature to control a heating system. Such methods or arrangements can also be used advantageously in the medical field, when physiological measured values from an implanted measuring point are required over a longer period of time.
  • a method and a device are known with which measured values from a remote measuring point can be detected by a reading device.
  • a reading device At the measuring point there is a sensor and an electronic interface circuit which is operated by a local energy source and which converts the measured values of the sensor into preferably digital measured data.
  • both the measuring point and the reading device are provided with a transmitting / receiving arrangement.
  • the interface circuit In order to consume as little energy as possible from the energy source, the interface circuit is switched inactive for longer periods of time and is only switched to receive periodically. If data are to be transmitted, the reading device sends out a data request signal, possibly several times in succession, until a request signal falls within a period in which the interface circuit is activated.
  • This interface circuit then initiates the transmission of a measured value or a sequence of measured values.
  • This transmission of data requires a relatively large amount of energy from the energy source, even if only for a short time, so that the energy source is heavily loaded and has a short lifespan, particularly in the case of frequent measurement data transmission.
  • EP 0 601 739 A2 discloses a method and an arrangement for data transmission from a measuring point with the aid of an interrogation circuit, the circuit of the measuring point and the interrogation circuit being coupled to one another via antennas.
  • the energy for operating the sensor and converting the measured values and for transmitting them is supplied via these antennas.
  • the measuring point therefore does not need its own energy source.
  • a measurement can only be carried out if the interface circuit is active.
  • practically only one measuring point can be detected in this way by an interface circuit.
  • this known method the case can no longer occur that a measurement or transmission of measurement data is no longer possible because an energy source is exhausted prematurely, since the query circuit is easily accessible or stationary and can therefore be provided with sufficiently large energy reserves.
  • the invention is based on the object of specifying a method or an arrangement with which the measurement data can be acquired by preferably a plurality of measurement points, these measurement points containing energy sources whose lifespan is as long as possible with small dimensions.
  • the energy source of the or each measuring point is used only for recording and converting the measured values, while for transmitting, ie for sending the measured data from the measuring point to a base station, the energy emitted by the base station is used.
  • the energy source of the measuring point for sending the data is not loaded and thus has a longer service life.
  • the base station in particular if it is used for the transmission of measured values from several measuring points, can be equipped with such a transmission power that even at a certain distance from the Sufficient energy is received in the measuring point, which can be used to transmit the measured values.
  • measurement values of the sensor are frequently converted into measurement data and temporarily stored in a memory of the evaluation circuit.
  • the data acquisition between the transmission processes must be fed by the energy source of the measuring point.
  • the stored measurement data are then transmitted for transmission from the memory via the transmitter / receiver of the measuring point to the base station.
  • the energy received in the measuring point from the base station can be used to transmit the measurement data by generating a direct voltage from this energy, which is taken up, for example, via a coil or a capacitor, which is used to feed the transmitter of the measuring point.
  • This transmitter then preferably transmits on a different frequency than the base station.
  • the base station and the measuring point are inductively coupled to each other via an antenna designed as a coil, that a controllable impedance is connected to the coil of the measuring point, which is controlled by the measurement data, and that the change in the base station of the Impedance is evaluated.
  • This principle is known in principle in data exchange arrangements with a portable data carrier and a fixed station, for example from DE 43 23 530 A1, which also describes the recharging of an energy store by means of the energy emitted by the fixed station.
  • the base station 1 contains a control arrangement 14 which is generally formed by a processor, in particular a microprocessor with further elements.
  • This control arrangement 14 controls a transmitter / receiver 12, which contains, inter alia, an oscillator and a demodulator. These are connected to a series resonant circuit comprising a series connection of a capacitor 11 and a coil 10, this coil representing an antenna.
  • this coil 10 is inductively coupled to a coil 20 of the measuring point 2, which represents the antenna of this measuring point.
  • the coil 20 forms a parallel resonant circuit with a capacitor 21, which is connected, inter alia, to a rectifier 22, which generates a DC voltage from the voltage induced in the coil 20. If this DC voltage has a sufficiently large value, a charging voltage for an energy store 26, which is shown here as an accumulator, is generated in a charging circuit 24 and the accumulator 26 is charged therewith.
  • the two voltage poles of the accumulator 26 are designated V S and V D and are connected to the correspondingly drawn supply voltage connections of two elements 32 and 34, which are explained below.
  • the parallel resonant circuit comprising the coil 20 and the capacitor 21 is also connected to a transmitter 30 and a receiver 28 of the measuring point 2.
  • the receiver 28 demodulates a signal with which the transmitter / receiver 12 of the base station 1 has modulated the vibration emitted via the series resonant circuit from the coil 10 and the capacitor 11. This modulation contains, in particular, a command for the measuring station 2 to subsequently transmit measurement data after this command.
  • This command is fed to an evaluation circuit 34 which can also be designed as a simple microprocessor and which is coupled to a sensor 36 which emits measured values.
  • a measured value can be represented, for example, by an analog electrical signal, and this is converted into digital measured data in the evaluation circuit 34.
  • the transmitter 30 contains the series connection of a switch and an impedance Z.
  • this impedance can be a resistor which, when the switch is closed, loads the resonant circuit from the coil 20 and the capacitor 21.
  • This additional load can be evaluated in the transmitter / receiver 12 of the base station 1, for example in that a higher current flows from the coil 10 and the capacitor 11 of the base station 2 in the series resonant circuit when there is an additional load in the measuring point 1 .
  • the impedance Z can also be designed, for example, as a capacitor, so that when the switch is closed, the resonance frequency of the parallel resonant circuit consisting of the coil 20 and the capacitor 21 and the capacitive impedance Z then adjusted to a different value. This can also be evaluated in the transmitter / receiver 12.
  • the series resonant circuit comprising the coil 10 and the capacitor 11 and the parallel resonant circuit comprising the coil 20 and the capacitor 21 are tuned to the substantially identical resonance frequency, at least when the switch in the transmitter 30 is open.
  • the transmission of the measured values from the measuring point 2 to the base station 1 thus takes place in that only one switch is closed or opened.
  • the control signal required to control the switch requires very little power, especially if the switch is designed as a field effect transistor. If the evaluation circuit 34 and the non-volatile memory 32 are also implemented in MOS technology, very little electrical energy from the accumulator 26 is required for their operation. As a result, it is possible that, even during the time in which the measuring point 2 is not coupled to the base station 1 or the latter does not emit a signal, measured values from the sensor 36 are repeatedly converted into measured data and stored in the memory 32 one after the other.
  • the memory 32 can also be used to store a program according to which the arrangement 34 operates.
  • This program or parts of programs can also be written into the memory 32 by the base station 1 via the receiver 28 of the measuring point 2 .
  • the evaluation program for the measured values of the sensor 36 can be changed during the operation of the measuring point.
  • the elements 22, 24 and 28 to 34 can expediently be combined in a single integrated circuit in order to achieve the smallest possible and inexpensive construction.
  • External memories can then be connected in addition to or even instead of the sensor 36 via the interface to the sensor 36 or even more favorably to an interface to the memory 32 which is led out of the integrated circuit, as a result of which the integrated circuit serves as an enlarged memory for a data exchange arrangement.

Abstract

The contactless transmission method uses a transceiver (12) at the base station (1) for transmitting a signal to the measuring point (2), to allow transmission of the measured data provided by an evaluation circuit from a sensor signal. The measuring point has a local current supply which solely provides the operating current for the evaluation circuit, the energy for transmission of the measured data obtained from the signal transmitted to the measuring point from the base station.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zum kontaktlosen Übertragen von Meßwerten sowie eine entsprechende Anordnung zum kontaktlosen Übertragen von Meßwerten.The invention relates to a method for the contactless transmission of measured values and a corresponding arrangement for the contactless transmission of measured values.

Verfahren bzw. Anordnungen zum kontaktlosen Übertragen werden bevorzugt für Meßwerte von solchen Meßstellen verwendet, die nicht leicht zugänglich sind und deren Meßwerte nicht kontinuierlich benötigt werden. Hierzu gehören beispielsweise viele Verbrauchsdatenmessungen sowie Temperaturmessungen wie die Messung einer Raumtemperatur zur Steuerung einer Heizungsanlage. Auch im medizinischen Bereich, wenn physiologische Meßwerte von einer implantierten Meßstelle über einen längeren Zeitraum benötigt werden, sind derartige Verfahren bzw. Anordnungen vorteilhaft einsetzbar.Methods or arrangements for contactless transmission are preferably used for measured values from those measuring points which are not easily accessible and whose measured values are not required continuously. This includes, for example, many consumption data measurements and temperature measurements such as measuring a room temperature to control a heating system. Such methods or arrangements can also be used advantageously in the medical field, when physiological measured values from an implanted measuring point are required over a longer period of time.

Aus der WO 95-27272 ist ein Verfahren und ein Gerät bekannt, mit dem Meßwerte von einer entfernten Meßstelle von einem Lesegerät erfaßt werden können. An der Meßstelle ist ein Sensor und eine elektronische Schnittstellenschaltung vorhanden, die von einer örtlichen Energiequelle betrieben wird und die die Meßwerte des Sensors in vorzugsweise digitale Meßdaten umsetzt. Ferner sind sowohl Meßstelle als auch Lesegerät mit einer Sende/Empfangsanordnung versehen. Um möglichst wenig Energie aus der Energiequelle zu verbrauchen, wird die Schnittstellenschaltung während längerer Zeitabschnitte inaktiv geschaltet und nur periodisch empfangsbereit geschaltet. Wenn Daten übertragen werden sollen, sendet das Lesegerät ein Datenanforderungssignal aus, ggf. mehrmals hintereinander, bis ein Anforderungssignal in eine Zeitspanne fällt, in der die Schnittstellenschaltung aktiv geschaltet ist. Diese Schnittstellenschaltung veranlaßt daraufhin das Aussenden eines Meßwerts oder eine Folge von Meßwerten. Dieses Aussenden von Daten benötigt relativ viel Energie aus der Energiequelle, wenn auch nur kurze Zeit, so daß insbesondere bei einer häufigen Meßdatenübertragung die Energiequelle stark belastet wird und eine geringe Lebensdauer hat.From WO 95-27272 a method and a device are known with which measured values from a remote measuring point can be detected by a reading device. At the measuring point there is a sensor and an electronic interface circuit which is operated by a local energy source and which converts the measured values of the sensor into preferably digital measured data. Furthermore, both the measuring point and the reading device are provided with a transmitting / receiving arrangement. In order to consume as little energy as possible from the energy source, the interface circuit is switched inactive for longer periods of time and is only switched to receive periodically. If data are to be transmitted, the reading device sends out a data request signal, possibly several times in succession, until a request signal falls within a period in which the interface circuit is activated. This interface circuit then initiates the transmission of a measured value or a sequence of measured values. This transmission of data requires a relatively large amount of energy from the energy source, even if only for a short time, so that the energy source is heavily loaded and has a short lifespan, particularly in the case of frequent measurement data transmission.

Aus der EP 0 601 739 A2 ist ein Verfahren und eine Anordnung zur Datenübertragung von einer Meßstelle mit Hilfe einer Abfrageschaltung bekannt, wobei die Schaltung der Meßstelle und die Abfrageschaltung über Antennen miteinander gekoppelt sind. Über diese Antennen wird die Energie zum Betreiben des Sensors und zum Umsetzen der Meßwerte und für deren Übertragung geliefert. Dabei benötigt die Meßstelle also keine eigene Energiequelle. Dabei kann eine Messung jedoch nur erfolgen, wenn die Schnittstellenschaltung aktiv ist. Außerdem kann auf diese Weise von einer Schnittstellenschaltung praktisch nur eine Meßstelle erfaßt werden. Andererseits kann bei diesem bekannten Verfahren nicht der Fall eintreten, daß eine Messung bzw. Übertragung von Meßdaten nicht mehr möglich ist, weil eine Energiequelle vorzeitig erschöpft ist, da die Abfrageschaltung leicht zugänglich bzw. stationär ist und daher mit ausreichend großen Energiereserven versehen werden kann.EP 0 601 739 A2 discloses a method and an arrangement for data transmission from a measuring point with the aid of an interrogation circuit, the circuit of the measuring point and the interrogation circuit being coupled to one another via antennas. The energy for operating the sensor and converting the measured values and for transmitting them is supplied via these antennas. The measuring point therefore does not need its own energy source. However, a measurement can only be carried out if the interface circuit is active. In addition, practically only one measuring point can be detected in this way by an interface circuit. On the other hand, with this known method the case can no longer occur that a measurement or transmission of measurement data is no longer possible because an energy source is exhausted prematurely, since the query circuit is easily accessible or stationary and can therefore be provided with sufficiently large energy reserves.

Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, ein Verfahren bzw. eine Anordnung anzugeben, mit der die Meßdaten von vorzugsweise mehreren Meßstellen erfaßt werden können, wobei diese Meßstellen Energiequellen enthalten, deren Lebensdauer bei kleinen Abmessungen möglichst lang ist.The invention is based on the object of specifying a method or an arrangement with which the measurement data can be acquired by preferably a plurality of measurement points, these measurement points containing energy sources whose lifespan is as long as possible with small dimensions.

Zur Lösung dieser Aufgabe wird die Energiequelle der bzw. jeder Meßstelle nur zum Aufnehmen und Umsetzen der Meßwerte verwendet, während zum Übertragen, d.h. zum Aussenden der Meßdaten von der Meßstelle zu einer Basisstation, die von der Basisstation ausgesendete Energie verwendet wird. Dadurch wird die Energiequelle der Meßstelle zum Aussenden der Daten nicht belastet und hat somit eine längere Lebensdauer. Die Basisstation, insbesondere wenn diese für die Übertragung von Meßwerten von mehreren Meßstellen verwendet wird, kann mit einer derartigen Sendeleistung ausgestattet werden, daß auch bei einer gewissen Entfernung von der Meßstelle in dieser noch genügend Energie empfangen wird, die zum Übertragen der Meßwerte verwendet werden kann.To solve this problem, the energy source of the or each measuring point is used only for recording and converting the measured values, while for transmitting, ie for sending the measured data from the measuring point to a base station, the energy emitted by the base station is used. As a result, the energy source of the measuring point for sending the data is not loaded and thus has a longer service life. The base station, in particular if it is used for the transmission of measured values from several measuring points, can be equipped with such a transmission power that even at a certain distance from the Sufficient energy is received in the measuring point, which can be used to transmit the measured values.

Eine noch längere Lebensdauer der Energiequelle wird möglich, wenn in der Meßstelle die von der Basisstation empfangene Energie dazu verwendet wird, um der Energiequelle Energie zum Aufladen bzw. zum Nachladen zuzuführen. Bei entsprechender Sendedauer der Basisstation ist es dann möglich, die gesamte Energie, die zwischen zwei Übertragungsvorgängen in der Meßstelle verbraucht wurde, wieder in die Energiequelle nachzuladen, so daß ein nahezu zeitlich unbegrenzter Betrieb der Meßstelle auch bei sehr kleinen Energiequellen möglich ist, sofern diese ausreichend Energie speichern, die für die zwischen zwei Übertragungsvorgängen in der Meßstelle stattfindenden Funktionen notwendig ist.An even longer service life of the energy source is possible if the energy received by the base station is used in the measuring point to supply the energy source with energy for charging or recharging. With a corresponding transmission time of the base station, it is then possible to reload the entire energy that was consumed between two transmission processes in the measuring point into the energy source, so that the measuring point can be operated almost indefinitely, even with very small energy sources, provided this is sufficient Saving energy that is necessary for the functions taking place between two transmission processes in the measuring point.

Dies ist besonders dann wichtig, wenn die Zeitpunkte der Übertragungen von Meßdaten zeitlich relativ weit auseinander liegen und in den Zwischenzeiten häufig Meßwerte des Sensors in Meßdaten umgesetzt und in einem Speicher der Auswerteschaltung zwischengespeichert werden. Die Datenerfassung zwischen den Übertragungsvorgängen muß von der Energiequelle der Meßstelle gespeist werden. Die gespeicherten Meßdaten werden dann für eine Übertragung aus dem Speicher über den Sender/Empfänger der Meßstelle zur Basisstation übertragen.This is particularly important when the times of transmission of measurement data are relatively far apart in time and in the meantime measurement values of the sensor are frequently converted into measurement data and temporarily stored in a memory of the evaluation circuit. The data acquisition between the transmission processes must be fed by the energy source of the measuring point. The stored measurement data are then transmitted for transmission from the memory via the transmitter / receiver of the measuring point to the base station.

Die Verwendung der in der Meßstelle von der Basisstation empfangenen Energie zum Aussenden der Meßdaten kann dadurch erfolgen, daß aus dieser Energie, die beispielsweise über eine Spule oder einen Kondensator aufgenommen wird, eine Gleichspannung erzeugt wird, die zum Speisen des Senders der Meßstelle verwendet wird. Dieser Sender sendet dann vorzugsweise auf einer anderen Frequenz als die Baisstation. Eine andere Möglichkeit besteht darin, wenn die Basisstation und die Meßstelle induktiv über je eine als Spule ausgeführte Antenne miteinander gekoppelt sind, daß an die Spule der Meßstelle eine steuerbare Impedanz angeschlossen ist, die von den Meßdaten gesteuert wird, und daß in der Basisstation die Änderung der Impedanz ausgewertet wird. Dieses Prinzip ist grundsätzlich bei Datenaustauschanordnungen mit einem tragbaren Datenträger und einer festen Station bekannt, beispielsweise aus der DE 43 23 530 Al, in der auch das Nachladen eines Energiespeichers mittels der von der festen Station ausgesendeten Energie beschrieben ist.The energy received in the measuring point from the base station can be used to transmit the measurement data by generating a direct voltage from this energy, which is taken up, for example, via a coil or a capacitor, which is used to feed the transmitter of the measuring point. This transmitter then preferably transmits on a different frequency than the base station. Another possibility is if the base station and the measuring point are inductively coupled to each other via an antenna designed as a coil, that a controllable impedance is connected to the coil of the measuring point, which is controlled by the measurement data, and that the change in the base station of the Impedance is evaluated. This principle is known in principle in data exchange arrangements with a portable data carrier and a fixed station, for example from DE 43 23 530 A1, which also describes the recharging of an energy store by means of the energy emitted by the fixed station.

Die Erfindung wird anhand eines in der Figur dargestellten Ausführungsbeispiels näher erläutert.The invention is explained in more detail using an exemplary embodiment shown in the figure.

Darin sind die für die Erfindung wichtigsten Elemente einer Basisstation 1 und einer Meßstelle 2 dargestellt. Die Basisstation 1 enthält eine Steueranordnung 14, die allgemein durch einen Prozessor, insbesondere einen Mikroprozessor mit weiteren Elementen gebildet wird. Diese Steueranordnung 14 steuert einen Sender/Empfänger 12, der u.a. einen Oszillator und einen Demodulator enthält. Diese sind an einen Reihenschwingkreis aus einer Reihenschaltung eines Kondensators 11 und einer Spule 10 angeschlossen, wobei diese Spule eine Antenne darstellt.It shows the elements of a base station 1 and a measuring point 2 that are most important for the invention. The base station 1 contains a control arrangement 14 which is generally formed by a processor, in particular a microprocessor with further elements. This control arrangement 14 controls a transmitter / receiver 12, which contains, inter alia, an oscillator and a demodulator. These are connected to a series resonant circuit comprising a series connection of a capacitor 11 and a coil 10, this coil representing an antenna.

Diese Spule 10 ist während einer Übertragung von Meßwerten mit einer Spule 20 der Meßstelle 2 induktiv gekoppelt, die die Antenne dieser Meßstelle darstellt. Die Spule 20 bildet mit einem Kondensator 21 einen Parallelschwingkreis, der u.a. mit einem Gleichrichter 22 verbunden ist, der aus der in der Spule 20 induzierten Spannung eine Gleichspannung erzeugt. Wenn diese Gleichspannung einen genügend großen Wert hat, wird in einer Ladeschaltung 24 eine Ladespannung für einen Energiespeicher 26, der hier als Akkumulator dargestellt ist, erzeugt und der Akkumulator 26 damit aufgeladen. Die beiden Spannungspole des Akkumulators 26 sind mit VS und VD bezeichnet und mit den entsprechend gezeichneten Speisespannungsanschlüssen von zwei Elementen 32 und 34 verbunden, die nachfolgend erläutert werden.During the transmission of measured values, this coil 10 is inductively coupled to a coil 20 of the measuring point 2, which represents the antenna of this measuring point. The coil 20 forms a parallel resonant circuit with a capacitor 21, which is connected, inter alia, to a rectifier 22, which generates a DC voltage from the voltage induced in the coil 20. If this DC voltage has a sufficiently large value, a charging voltage for an energy store 26, which is shown here as an accumulator, is generated in a charging circuit 24 and the accumulator 26 is charged therewith. The two voltage poles of the accumulator 26 are designated V S and V D and are connected to the correspondingly drawn supply voltage connections of two elements 32 and 34, which are explained below.

Der Parallelschwingkreis aus der Spule 20 und dem Kondensator 21 ist ferner mit einem Sender 30 und einem Empfänger 28 der Meßstelle 2 verbunden. Der Empfänger 28 demoduliert ein Signal, mit dem der Sender/Empfänger 12 der Basisstation 1 die über den Reihenschwingkreis aus der Spule 10 und dem Kondensator 11 ausgesendete Schwingung moduliert hat. Diese Modulation enthält insbesondere ein Kommando für die Meßstation 2, nachfolgend nach diesem Kommando Meßdaten zu übertragen.The parallel resonant circuit comprising the coil 20 and the capacitor 21 is also connected to a transmitter 30 and a receiver 28 of the measuring point 2. The receiver 28 demodulates a signal with which the transmitter / receiver 12 of the base station 1 has modulated the vibration emitted via the series resonant circuit from the coil 10 and the capacitor 11. This modulation contains, in particular, a command for the measuring station 2 to subsequently transmit measurement data after this command.

Dieses Kommando wird einer Auswerteschaltung 34 zugeführt, die auch als einfacher Mikroprozessor ausgeführt sein kann und die mit einem Sensor 36 gekoppelt ist, der Meßwerte abgibt. Ein Meßwert kann beispielsweise durch ein analoges elektrisches Signal dargestellt sein, und dieses wird in der Auswerteschaltung 34 in digitale Meßdaten umgesetzt.This command is fed to an evaluation circuit 34 which can also be designed as a simple microprocessor and which is coupled to a sensor 36 which emits measured values. A measured value can be represented, for example, by an analog electrical signal, and this is converted into digital measured data in the evaluation circuit 34.

Diese Meßdaten werden einem nichtflüchtigen Speicher 32 zugeführt und darin eingeschrieben. Wenn von der Basisstation 1 ein Kommando zum Übertragen von Meßdaten im Empfänger 28 erkannt wird, steuert die Auswerteschaltung 34 den Speicher 32 an und liest die gespeicherten Meßwerte aus und führt diese dem Sender 30 zu. Der Sender 30 enthält hier die Reihenschaltung eines Schalters und einer Impedanz Z. Diese Impedanz kann im einfachsten Fall ein Widerstand sein, der bei geschlossenem Schalter den Schwingkreis aus der Spule 20 und dem Kondensator 21 belastet. Diese zusätzliche Belastung kann in dem Sender/Empfänger 12 der Basisstation 1 ausgewertet werden, beispielsweise dadurch, daß bei einer zusätzlichen Belastung in der Meßstelle 1 in dem Reihenschwingkreis aus der Spule 10 und dem Kondensator 11 der Basisstation 2 ein höherer Strom fließt. Die Impedanz Z kann jedoch auch beispielsweise als Kondensator ausgeführt sein, so daß bei geschlossenem Schalter die Resonanzfrequenz des Parallelschwingkreises aus der Spule 20 und dem Kondensator 21 sowie der dann kapazitiven Impedanz Z auf einen anderen Wert abgestimmt wird. Auch dies kann in dem Sender/Empfänger 12 ausgewertet werden.These measurement data are fed to a non-volatile memory 32 and written therein. If a command to transmit measurement data is recognized by the base station 1 in the receiver 28, the evaluation circuit 34 controls the memory 32 and reads out the stored measurement values and feeds them to the transmitter 30. The transmitter 30 here contains the series connection of a switch and an impedance Z. In the simplest case, this impedance can be a resistor which, when the switch is closed, loads the resonant circuit from the coil 20 and the capacitor 21. This additional load can be evaluated in the transmitter / receiver 12 of the base station 1, for example in that a higher current flows from the coil 10 and the capacitor 11 of the base station 2 in the series resonant circuit when there is an additional load in the measuring point 1 . However, the impedance Z can also be designed, for example, as a capacitor, so that when the switch is closed, the resonance frequency of the parallel resonant circuit consisting of the coil 20 and the capacitor 21 and the capacitive impedance Z then adjusted to a different value. This can also be evaluated in the transmitter / receiver 12.

Es sei bemerkt, daß der Reihenschwingkreis aus der Spule 10 und dem Kondensator 11 sowie der Parallelschwingkreis aus der Spule 20 und dem Kondensator 21 zumindest bei offenem Schalter in dem Sender 30 auf die im wesentlichen gleiche Resonanzfrequenz abgestimmt sind.It should be noted that the series resonant circuit comprising the coil 10 and the capacitor 11 and the parallel resonant circuit comprising the coil 20 and the capacitor 21 are tuned to the substantially identical resonance frequency, at least when the switch in the transmitter 30 is open.

Das Übertragen der Meßwerte von der Meßstelle 2 zur Basisstation 1 erfolgt also dadurch, daß lediglich ein Schalter geschlossen bzw. geöffnet wird. Das für die Steuerung des Schalters benötigte Steuersignal erfordert nur eine äußerst geringe Leistung, insbesondere wenn der Schalter als Feldeffekttransistor ausgeführt ist. Wenn auch die Auswerteschaltung 34 und der nichtflüchtige Speicher 32 in MOS-Technik ausgeführt sind, wird für deren Betrieb nur sehr wenig elektrische Energie aus dem Akkumulator 26 benötigt. Dadurch ist es möglich, daß auch während der Zeit, in der die Meßstelle 2 nicht mit der Basisstation 1 gekoppelt ist bzw. letztere kein Signal aussendet, wiederholt Meßwerte des Sensors 36 in Meßdaten umgesetzt und im Speicher 32 nacheinander abgespeichert werden. Dies kann zu wiederholten Zeitpunkten geschehen, wofür die Auswerteschaltung 34 dann mit einer zeitgesteuerten Meßschaltung versehen ist, oder wenn das vom Sensor 36 gelieferte Meßsignal bestimmte Bedingungen erfüllt, beispielsweise bestimmte Grenzwerte oder Änderungsgeschwindigkeiten überschreitet. Für die Anzahl der im Speicher 32 abgespeicherten Meßdaten sowie die gesamte Betriebsdauer der Meßstelle 2 zwischen zwei Übertragungen von Meßdaten zur Basisstation steht nahezu die gesamte Kapazität des Akkumulators 26 zur Verfügung, da er bei jeder Übertragung wieder auf seine maximale Kapazität aufgeladen werden kann, indem die Basisstation genügend lange ein Signal aussendet.The transmission of the measured values from the measuring point 2 to the base station 1 thus takes place in that only one switch is closed or opened. The control signal required to control the switch requires very little power, especially if the switch is designed as a field effect transistor. If the evaluation circuit 34 and the non-volatile memory 32 are also implemented in MOS technology, very little electrical energy from the accumulator 26 is required for their operation. As a result, it is possible that, even during the time in which the measuring point 2 is not coupled to the base station 1 or the latter does not emit a signal, measured values from the sensor 36 are repeatedly converted into measured data and stored in the memory 32 one after the other. This can happen at repeated times, for which the evaluation circuit 34 is then provided with a time-controlled measuring circuit, or when the measuring signal supplied by the sensor 36 fulfills certain conditions, for example exceeds certain limit values or rates of change. For the number of measurement data stored in the memory 32 and the total operating time of the measuring point 2 between two transmissions of measurement data to the base station, almost the entire capacity of the accumulator 26 is available, since it can be recharged to its maximum capacity with each transmission by the Base station sends a signal long enough.

Der Speicher 32, genauer ein Teil davon, kann auch dazu verwendet werden, ein Programm zu speichern, nach dem die Anordnung 34 arbeitet. Dieses Programm oder Teile von Programmen können auch von der Basisstation 1 über den Empfänger 28 der Meßstelle 2 in den Speicher 32 eingeschrieben werden. Dadurch kann beispielsweise während des Betriebs der Meßstelle das Auswerteprogramm für die Meßwerte des Sensors 36 geändert werden.The memory 32, more precisely a part thereof, can also be used to store a program according to which the arrangement 34 operates. This program or parts of programs can also be written into the memory 32 by the base station 1 via the receiver 28 of the measuring point 2 . Thereby For example, the evaluation program for the measured values of the sensor 36 can be changed during the operation of the measuring point.

Die Elemente 22, 24 sowie 28 bis 34 können zweckmäßig in einer einzigen integrierten Schaltung zusammengefaßt werden, um einen möglichst kleinen und kostengünstigen Aufbau zu verwirklichen. Über die Schnittstelle zum Sensor 36 oder noch günstiger an eine aus der integrierten Schaltung herausgeführten Schnittstelle zum Speicher 32 können dann externe Speicher zusätzlich oder sogar anstelle des Sensors 36 angeschlossen werden, wodurch die integrierte Schaltung als vergrößerter Speicher einer Datenaustauschanordnung dient.The elements 22, 24 and 28 to 34 can expediently be combined in a single integrated circuit in order to achieve the smallest possible and inexpensive construction. External memories can then be connected in addition to or even instead of the sensor 36 via the interface to the sensor 36 or even more favorably to an interface to the memory 32 which is led out of the integrated circuit, as a result of which the integrated circuit serves as an enlarged memory for a data exchange arrangement.

Claims (11)

Verfahren zum kontaktlosen Übertragen von Meßwerten wenigstens einer Meßstelle, an der die Meßwerte mittels eines Sensors gewonnen und in einer Auswerteschaltung, die von einer örtlichen Energiequelle betrieben wird, in Meßdaten umgesetzt werden, die zu einer Basisstation übertragen werden, wenn diese Basisstation in räumliche Nähe zur Meßstelle gebracht wird und ein Signal zur Meßstelle aussendet, dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß die Energiequelle nur zum Betrieb der Auswerteschaltung verwendet wird und daß die Meßdaten von der Meßstelle zur Basisstation mit Hilfe der Energie übertragen werden, die das von der Basisstation zur Meßstelle gesendete Signal enthält.Method for the contactless transmission of measured values at least one measuring point, at which the measured values are obtained by means of a sensor and are converted in an evaluation circuit, which is operated by a local energy source, into measured data, which are transmitted to a base station if this base station is in spatial proximity to Brought measuring point and sends a signal to the measuring point, characterized in that
that the energy source is only used to operate the evaluation circuit and that the measurement data are transmitted from the measuring point to the base station with the aid of the energy which contains the signal sent from the base station to the measuring point. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß in der Meßstelle empfangene Energie aus dem von der Basisstation ausgesendeten Signal außerdem verwendet wird, um der Energiequelle zusätzliche Energie zuzuführen.A method according to claim 1, characterized in
that energy received in the measuring point from the signal emitted by the base station is also used to supply additional energy to the energy source. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß die Auswerteschaltung zu bestimmten Zeitpunkten betrieben wird, um Meßsignale des Sensors in Meßdaten umzusetzen und diese Meßdaten in einem Speicher der Auswerteschaltung zwischenzuspeichern, wobei die Meßdaten aus dem Speicher unabhängig von ihrer Erfassungszeit zur Basisstation übertragen werden.A method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that
that the evaluation circuit is operated at certain times in order to convert measurement signals from the sensor into measurement data and to temporarily store these measurement data in a memory of the evaluation circuit, the measurement data being transferred from the memory to the base station independently of its acquisition time. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, wobei die Basisstation und die Meßstelle induktiv über je eine Spule miteinander gekoppelt sind, dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß die Meßdaten durch Änderung einer mit der Spule der Meßstelle gekoppelten Impedanz und Auswertung der Impedanzänderung in der Basisstation übertragen werden.Method according to one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the base station and the measuring point are inductively coupled to each other via a coil, characterized in that
that the measurement data are transmitted in the base station by changing an impedance coupled to the coil of the measuring point and evaluating the change in impedance. Anordnung zum kontaktlosen Übertragen von Meßwerten wenigstens einer Meßstelle mit für jede Meßstelle wenigstens einem Sensor und einer Auswerteschaltung zum Umsetzen der Meßwerte des Sensors in Meßdaten, einer Energiequelle und einem Sender/Empfänger zum Aussenden von Meßdaten und zum Empfangen von Signalen, wenigstens einer Basisstation mit einer Steuerschaltung und einem Sender/Empfänger zum Aussenden von Signalen an den Sender/Empfänger der Meßstelle und zum Empfangen von Meßdaten von der Meßstelle, wobei die Sender/Empfänger der Meßstelle und der Basisstation zeitweise miteinander gekoppelt sind und die Meßstelle erst bei Empfang des Signals der Basisstation Meßdaten aussendet, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Energiequelle der Meßstelle mit einem Speisespannungsanschluß nur der Auswerteschaltung verbunden ist und daß der Sender der Meßstelle nur mittels der von der Basisstation empfangenen Energie die Meßdaten zur Basisstation überträgt. Arrangement for the contactless transmission of measured values with at least one measuring point for each measuring point at least one sensor and an evaluation circuit for converting the measured values of the sensor into measured data, an energy source and a transmitter / receiver for transmitting measurement data and for receiving signals, at least one base station with a control circuit and one Transmitter / receiver for sending signals to the transmitter / receiver of the measuring point and for receiving measurement data from the measuring point, wherein the transmitter / receiver of the measuring point and the base station are temporarily coupled to one another and the measuring point only sends out measurement data when the signal from the base station is received, characterized in that that the energy source of the measuring point is connected to a supply voltage connection only of the evaluation circuit and that the transmitter of the measuring point transmits the measurement data to the base station only by means of the energy received from the base station. Anordnung nach Anspruch 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß an dem Sender/Empfänger der Meßstelle eine Ladeschaltung angeschlossen ist, die bei Empfang von Energie im Empfänger eine Spannung zum Aufladen der Energiequelle abgibt.Arrangement according to claim 6, characterized in
that a charging circuit is connected to the transmitter / receiver of the measuring point, which outputs a voltage for charging the energy source when receiving energy in the receiver. Anordnung nach Anspruch 5 oder 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß die Auswerteschaltung eine Meßsteuerschaltung aufweist, um die Auswerteschaltung nur während vorgegebener erster Zeitspannen in einen Umsetzzustand und während der übrigen Zeitspannen in einen Energiesparzustand zu versetzen und daß die Auswerteschaltung einen Speicher zum Speichern von zu diesen in ersten Zeitspannen umgesetzten Meßdaten aufweist und daß ein Ausgang des Speichers mit dem Sender/Empfänger der Meßstelle gekoppelt ist.Arrangement according to claim 5 or 6, characterized in
that the evaluation circuit has a measurement control circuit in order to put the evaluation circuit into a conversion state only during predetermined first time periods and into an energy-saving state during the remaining time periods, and that the evaluation circuit has a memory for storing them in the first time periods converted data and that an output of the memory is coupled to the transmitter / receiver of the measuring point. Anordnung nach einem der Ansprüche 5 bis 7, wobei der Sender/Empfänger sowohl der Meßstelle als auch der Basisstation eine als Spule ausgeführte Antenne aufweisen, die miteinander induktiv koppelbar sind, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß an die Spule der Meßstelle eine von der Auswerteschaltung steuerbare Impedanz angeschlossen ist.Arrangement according to one of claims 5 to 7, wherein the transmitter / receiver both the measuring point and the base station have an antenna designed as a coil, which can be inductively coupled to one another, characterized in that an impedance controllable by the evaluation circuit is connected to the coil of the measuring point is. Meßstelle für eine Anordnung nach einem der Ansprüche 5 bis 8, mit einem Sensor zum Abgeben von Meßwerten, einer Energiequelle, einer Auswerteschaltung zum Umsetzen der Meßwerte in Meßdaten und einem Sender/Empfänger zum Übertragen von Meßdaten und zum Empfangen von Signalen, dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß die Energiequelle nur mit einem Speisespannungsanschluß der Auswerteschaltung gekoppelt ist und daß der Sender/Empfänger eingerichtet ist, um Meßdaten nur bei Empfang eines Signals unter Verwendung der mit diesem Signal empfangenen Energie auszusenden.Measuring point for an arrangement according to one of claims 5 to 8, with a sensor for delivering measured values, an energy source, an evaluation circuit for converting the measured values into measured data and a transmitter / receiver for transmitting measured data and for receiving signals, characterized in that
that the energy source is only coupled to a supply voltage connection of the evaluation circuit and that the transmitter / receiver is set up to transmit measurement data only when a signal is received using the energy received with this signal. Meßstelle nach Anspruch 9, dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß ein Speicher zum Zwischenspeichern von Meßdaten vorgesehen ist, dessen Ausgang mit dem Sender/Empfänger gekoppelt ist, wobei die Auswerteschaltung, der Speicher und der Sender/Empfänger in einer integrierten Schaltung zusammengefaßt sind.Measuring point according to claim 9, characterized in
that a memory is provided for the temporary storage of measurement data, the output of which is coupled to the transmitter / receiver, the evaluation circuit, the memory and the transmitter / receiver being combined in an integrated circuit. Meßstelle nach Anspruch 10, dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß ein Datenanschluß des Speichers aus der integrierten Schaltung herausgeführt ist zum Anschluß weiterer Speicher.Measuring point according to claim 10, characterized in
that a data connection of the memory is led out of the integrated circuit for connecting further memories.
EP96203531A 1995-12-20 1996-12-13 Method and device for contactless transmission of measured values Expired - Lifetime EP0780822B1 (en)

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DE19547684A1 (en) 1997-06-26
DE59610590D1 (en) 2003-08-14

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