EP0719590A1 - Apparatus for spraying a mixture of air and liquid - Google Patents

Apparatus for spraying a mixture of air and liquid Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0719590A1
EP0719590A1 EP95402955A EP95402955A EP0719590A1 EP 0719590 A1 EP0719590 A1 EP 0719590A1 EP 95402955 A EP95402955 A EP 95402955A EP 95402955 A EP95402955 A EP 95402955A EP 0719590 A1 EP0719590 A1 EP 0719590A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
liquid
air
mixture
deflector
expansion chamber
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP95402955A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0719590B1 (en
Inventor
Jacques Chenu
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Elf Antar France
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Elf Antar France
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B7/00—Spraying apparatus for discharge of liquids or other fluent materials from two or more sources, e.g. of liquid and air, of powder and gas
    • B05B7/02—Spray pistols; Apparatus for discharge
    • B05B7/12—Spray pistols; Apparatus for discharge designed to control volume of flow, e.g. with adjustable passages
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B15/00—Details of spraying plant or spraying apparatus not otherwise provided for; Accessories
    • B05B15/50—Arrangements for cleaning; Arrangements for preventing deposits, drying-out or blockage; Arrangements for detecting improper discharge caused by the presence of foreign matter
    • B05B15/52—Arrangements for cleaning; Arrangements for preventing deposits, drying-out or blockage; Arrangements for detecting improper discharge caused by the presence of foreign matter for removal of clogging particles
    • B05B15/522—Arrangements for cleaning; Arrangements for preventing deposits, drying-out or blockage; Arrangements for detecting improper discharge caused by the presence of foreign matter for removal of clogging particles using cleaning elements penetrating the discharge openings
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B7/00—Spraying apparatus for discharge of liquids or other fluent materials from two or more sources, e.g. of liquid and air, of powder and gas
    • B05B7/0018—Spraying apparatus for discharge of liquids or other fluent materials from two or more sources, e.g. of liquid and air, of powder and gas with devices for making foam
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B7/00—Spraying apparatus for discharge of liquids or other fluent materials from two or more sources, e.g. of liquid and air, of powder and gas
    • B05B7/02—Spray pistols; Apparatus for discharge
    • B05B7/04—Spray pistols; Apparatus for discharge with arrangements for mixing liquids or other fluent materials before discharge
    • B05B7/0416—Spray pistols; Apparatus for discharge with arrangements for mixing liquids or other fluent materials before discharge with arrangements for mixing one gas and one liquid
    • B05B7/0425—Spray pistols; Apparatus for discharge with arrangements for mixing liquids or other fluent materials before discharge with arrangements for mixing one gas and one liquid without any source of compressed gas, e.g. the air being sucked by the pressurised liquid

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a device for spraying a mixture of air and liquid intended to protect installations against the thermal radiation of materials in combustion in their vicinity, or to fight against fires of said installations.
  • a pressurized liquid which can either be water or a mixture of water and emulsifying product.
  • the projection device simultaneously generates foam.
  • the foam thus produced or the feed water must be sprayed largely from homogeneous mining in the form of a jet of flat shape to have good efficiency.
  • the invention finds its application in industrial installations for the production or storage of flammable products and more generally in buildings and installations which present a fire risk.
  • French patent 2,220,985 describes a device for sprinkling by foam and water, comprising a calibrated orifice for the arrival of liquid, an axial air inlet, a hollow body forming a diverging convergent assembly followed by a hollow cylinder at l 'end of which is mounted a deflector and an outlet of the liquid air mixture. In the vicinity of the narrowest part of the diverging converging assembly is mounted a divider in the axis of the flow of liquid leaving the calibrated orifice.
  • the jet of water or foam obtained with this device has the shape of a hollow cone.
  • This device is well suited to operate with its axis directed vertically to protect horizontal surfaces.
  • the air inlet and its position relative to the liquid stream, as well as the diameter of the calibrated orifice are fixed, and therefore cannot be adapted to the quality of the emulsifiers used or to the quality of the foam to be obtained.
  • French Patent 2,291,798 describes a base for spraying a frothy fluid, consisting of a cylindrical axial bore, onto which open holes arranged in the axial direction, as well as an outlet orifice, constituted by a deep adial milling which opens on the front end of the axial bore of this nozzle, and having parallel limiting walls forming an angle of approximately 80 ° with axial drilling.
  • the rear limitation surface abuts at the height of the center line of the axial bore.
  • This type of nozzle is well suited for spraying a frothy fluid, that is to say producing a cloud of fine droplets, but does not produce a jet of water foam suitable for fighting fires.
  • water and water and emulsifier mixtures used in industrial firefighting facilities often contain suspended particles. These come in particular from the oxidation of the pipes which constitute the distribution and storage networks for these liquids.
  • the object of the present invention is precisely to remedy these drawbacks and in particular to provide a very effective device for fighting fire and protecting against thermal radiation from materials in combustion nearby, by spraying foam or water.
  • This device is particularly suitable for spraying foam or water on vertical walls.
  • the device of the invention is much less expensive than known devices and easier to maintain.
  • the present invention provides a device for projecting a mixture of air and liquid comprising a hollow cylindrical body forming an expansion chamber provided with means for connection to a source of pressurized liquid, an orifice calibrated placed towards its upstream end, a deflector closing its downstream end, an air inlet in communication with the expansion chamber, and a radial outlet of the mixture of air and liquid in the form of a slot with parallel limiting walls adjacent to the deflector, said deflector being flat and arranged perpendicular to the axis of the cylindrical body.
  • connection means, the calibrated orifice, the body and the deflector constitute a one-piece assembly, produced according to the technique of mechanical welding.
  • the calibrated orifice is constituted by a removable washer placed between the upstream end of the body and the connection means.
  • the air inlet consists of at least one lateral opening in the wall of the body.
  • the body is provided with means for adjusting the air flow entering the expansion chamber.
  • the means for adjusting the air flow entering the expansion chamber are constituted by a rotating ring and sliding placed around the body to the right of the air inlet, provided with at least one lateral orifice and locking means in position relative to the body.
  • the upstream end of the body is cut at a bevel and constitutes the air inlet into the expansion chamber, the calibrated orifice being located upstream of the connection means on the source of liquid.
  • the radial outlet of the mixture of air and liquid consists of a slot cut in the wall of the body and whose angular opening is greater than 180 °.
  • the device comprises at least one rigid wire which enters through the radial outlet and passes through the body and the calibrated orifice.
  • the device of the invention is used to project a mixture of air and liquid in order to protect equipment against fires.
  • connection means 3, the calibrated orifice 4, the body 1 and the deflector 6 constitute the one-piece assembly produced economically according to the mechanized welding technique, shown in FIG. 1.
  • the air and liquid projection device is connected to a source of pressurized liquid by the connection means 3, for example a threaded end piece.
  • Liquid is water when you want to protect equipment from a nearby fire by cooling it.
  • the liquid is a mixture of water and an emulsifier when you want to protect equipment by spraying foam.
  • the pressurized liquid passes through the calibrated orifice 4 which determines its flow for a given pressure.
  • the liquid jet which forms at the outlet of the calibrated orifice 4 crosses the expansion chamber 2 where it mixes with the air which is sucked in by suction through the side inlet 8, then strikes the deflector 6 flat arranged perpendicular to the axis of the cylindrical body.
  • a mixture of air and water is formed in the expansion chamber 2 when the pressurized liquid is water and foam when the pressurized liquid is a mixture of water and an emulsifying product. .
  • the mixture of air and liquid strikes the flat deflector 6 and leaves the body 1 via the radial outlet 9. There is thus produced a jet of air and liquid, or foam, homogeneous, of flat shape, the plane of this jet being perpendicular to the axis of the body 1 of the projection device.
  • FIG. 2 Another embodiment of the invention is shown in Figure 2 in which the calibrated orifice 4 is constituted by a removable washer 10 placed between the upstream end 5 of the body and the connection means 3.
  • the device is provided with means 11 for adjusting the air flow entering the expansion chamber 2 to obtain a foam of desired quality.
  • the means for adjusting the air flow entering the expansion chamber represented in FIG. 4 are constituted by a rotating and sliding ring 12 placed around the body 1 in line with the air inlet 8, provided with at least one orifice 13 lateral and locking means 14 in position relative to the body.
  • a ring 12 comprising several lateral holes 13 of different diameters smaller than the diameter of the air inlet orifice 8.
  • the air flow is adjusted by placing a hole 13 in the ring 12, of more or less diameter, opposite the air inlet 8, as a function of the desired air flow, which allows '' get different qualities of foam.
  • the ring 12 is locked in position relative to the body 1, by means of a needle screw 14.
  • the radial outlet 9 of the mixture of air and liquid as shown in detail in FIG. 5, consists of a slot 15 cut from the wall of the body 1, the angular opening 16 of which is greater than 180 °. This opening is chosen according to the more or less open shape of the flat jet to be obtained.
  • the c rps 1 is cut in a bevel 17 at its upstream end, the calibrated ori ice 4 being located directly on the means 19 for supplying liquid.
  • the air enters through the opening resulting from the bevel cut 17 from the upstream end of the body 1.
  • the cut angle of the bevel is adjusted to obtain the desired quality of foam, from a mixture of and a given emulsifier product, a given calibrated orifice diameter, and a given pressure of the liquid in the supply line of said liquid.
  • a last feature shown in Figure 6 is a rigid wire 18 introduced into the radial outlet 9 of the body 1 and which passes through said body and 1 orifice 4 calibrated.
  • This rigid wire 18 vibrates under the effect of the flows of liquid and of mixture of air and liquid in which it is placed.
  • the resulting movements in the calibrated orifice 4 have the effect of releasing said orifice and in particular preventing its obstruction by rust particles which may be in suspension in the feed liquid.
  • This rigid wire 18 constitutes an effective means of automatic cleaning of the elements of the air and liquid spray device object of the invention. Its use is not limited to the embodiment shown in FIG. 6, it is also valid for all the other embodiments.
  • devices according to the invention were mounted on a cylindrical tank with a vertical axis used for the storage of liquid hydrocarbons.

Abstract

The system for the projection of a mixture of air and liquid comprises a hollow cylindrical body (1) forming an expansion chamber (2). The chamber is connected to a pressurised liquid source by a threaded ferrule. A calibrated orifice (4) is located at the upstream end (5) and a deflector (6), perpendicular to the body axis, seals the downstream end (7). The connector, calibrated orifice, body and deflector are made in a single piece. A lateral air inlet (8) communicates with the expansion chamber and a radial outlet (9) for the liquid air mixture is in the shape of a slit in the parallel walls adjacent to the deflector. The pressurised liquid passes through the calibrated orifice and the issuing liquid jet passes through the expansion chamber where it mixes with air induced through the lateral inlet. The mixture then strikes the deflector and leaves through the radial outlet.

Description

La présente invention se rapport à un dispositif de projection d'un mélange d'air et de liquide destiné à protéger des installations contre le rayonnement thermique de matières en combustion à leur proximité, ou à lutter contre les incendies desdites installations.The present invention relates to a device for spraying a mixture of air and liquid intended to protect installations against the thermal radiation of materials in combustion in their vicinity, or to fight against fires of said installations.

Ces dispositifs sont alimentés par un liquide sous pression qui peut être soit de l'eau, soit un mélange d'eau et de produit émulsifiant. Dans ce dernier cas, le dispositif de projection est en même temps générateur de mousse.These devices are supplied with a pressurized liquid which can either be water or a mixture of water and emulsifying product. In the latter case, the projection device simultaneously generates foam.

La mousse ainsi produite ou 'eau d'alimentation doivent être projetées largement de minière homogène sous forme d'un jet de forme plate pour avoir une bonne efficacité.The foam thus produced or the feed water must be sprayed largely from homogeneous mining in the form of a jet of flat shape to have good efficiency.

L'invention trouve son application dans les installations industrielles de production ou de stockage de produits inflammables et plus généralement dans les immeubles et installations qui présentent un risque d'incendie.The invention finds its application in industrial installations for the production or storage of flammable products and more generally in buildings and installations which present a fire risk.

ETAT DE LA TECHNIQUE ANTERIEURESTATE OF THE PRIOR ART

Le brevet français 2.220.985 décrit un dispositif d'arrosage par mousse et eau, comportant un orifice calibré d'arrivée de liquide, une entrée d'air axiale, un corps creux formant un ensemble convergent divergent suivi d'un cylindre creux à l'extrémité duquel est monté un déflecteur et une sortie du mélange liquide air. Au voisinage de la partie la plus étroite de l'ensemble convergent divergent est monté un diviseur dans l'axe du courant de liquide sortant de l'orifice calibré.French patent 2,220,985 describes a device for sprinkling by foam and water, comprising a calibrated orifice for the arrival of liquid, an axial air inlet, a hollow body forming a diverging convergent assembly followed by a hollow cylinder at l 'end of which is mounted a deflector and an outlet of the liquid air mixture. In the vicinity of the narrowest part of the diverging converging assembly is mounted a divider in the axis of the flow of liquid leaving the calibrated orifice.

Le jet d'eau ou de mousse obtenu avec ce dispositif a la forme d'un cône creux.The jet of water or foam obtained with this device has the shape of a hollow cone.

Ce dispositif est bien adapté, pour fonctionner avec son axe dirigé verticalement pour protéger des surfaces horizontales.This device is well suited to operate with its axis directed vertically to protect horizontal surfaces.

Il est mal adapté à la projection de mélange d'air et de liquide, sur des surfaces verticales du fait de la forme conique du jet.It is ill-suited to projecting a mixture of air and liquid onto vertical surfaces due to the conical shape of the jet.

Pour cette application, il doit être monté à une distance importante de la surface à protéger pour obtenir une diffusion large et homogène du mélange d'air et de liquide. Il doit être fixé sur une canne spéciale qui l'éloigne d'environ 70 cm de la paroi à protéger.For this application, it must be mounted at a significant distance from the surface to be protected to obtain a broad and homogeneous diffusion of the mixture of air and liquid. It must be fixed on a special rod which distances it approximately 70 cm from the wall to be protected.

De telles cannes montées en partie haute d'équipements tels que des réservoirs de stockage aérien d'hydrocarbures, sont encombrantes et attirent la foudre par effet de pointe, ce qui est très dangereux.Such rods mounted in the upper part of equipment such as overhead oil storage tanks, are bulky and attract lightning by peak effect, which is very dangerous.

De plus, l'éloignement des dispositifs de projection par rapport aux parois à protéger les rend difficilement accessibles pour la maintenance.In addition, the distance of the projection devices from the walls to be protected makes them difficult to access for maintenance.

Dans ce dispositif, l'entrée d'air et sa position par rapport au courant de liquide, ainsi que le diamètre de l'orifice calibré sont fixes, et de ce fait ne peuvent pas être adaptés à la qualité des produits émulsifiants utilisés ni à la qualité de la mousse à obtenir.In this device, the air inlet and its position relative to the liquid stream, as well as the diameter of the calibrated orifice are fixed, and therefore cannot be adapted to the quality of the emulsifiers used or to the quality of the foam to be obtained.

Le brevet français 2 291 798 décrit une base de pulvérisation d'un fluide mousseux, se composant d'un perçage axial cylindrique, sur lequel débouchent des perçages aménagés dans le sens axial, ainsi que d'un orifice de sortie, constitué par un fraisage adial en profondeur qui débouche sur l'extrémité avant du perçage axial de cette buse, et comportant des parois de limitation parallèles formant un angle d'environ 80° avec le perçage axial. De plus la surface de limitation arrière boutit à la hauteur de la ligne médiane du perçage axial.French Patent 2,291,798 describes a base for spraying a frothy fluid, consisting of a cylindrical axial bore, onto which open holes arranged in the axial direction, as well as an outlet orifice, constituted by a deep adial milling which opens on the front end of the axial bore of this nozzle, and having parallel limiting walls forming an angle of approximately 80 ° with axial drilling. In addition, the rear limitation surface abuts at the height of the center line of the axial bore.

Ce type de buse est bien adapté à la pulvérisation d'un fluide mousseux c'est à dire à la production d'un nuage de fines gouttelettes, mais ne produit pas un jet de mousse d'eau adapté à la lutte contre les incendies.This type of nozzle is well suited for spraying a frothy fluid, that is to say producing a cloud of fine droplets, but does not produce a jet of water foam suitable for fighting fires.

En outre, l'eau et les mélanges d'eau et d'émulsifiant utilisés dans les installations industrielles pour la lutte contre les incendies contiennent souvent des particules en suspension. Celles-ci proviennent notamment de l'oxydation des conduites qui constituent les réseaux de distribution et de stockage de ces liquides.In addition, water and water and emulsifier mixtures used in industrial firefighting facilities often contain suspended particles. These come in particular from the oxidation of the pipes which constitute the distribution and storage networks for these liquids.

Il arrive que ces particules bouchent les orifices calibrés les dispositifs d'arrosage et les rendent inopérants, ce qui est particulièrement gênant pour des installations destinées à assurer des fonctions de sécurité.It sometimes happens that these particles block the calibrated orifices of the sprinkler devices and render them inoperative, which is particularly troublesome for installations intended to ensure safety functions.

EXPOSE DE L'INVENTIONSTATEMENT OF THE INVENTION

La présente invention a justement pour objet de remédier à ces inconvénients et notamment de fournir un dispositif très efficace de lutte contre l'incendie et de protection contre le rayonnement thermique de matières en combustion à proximité, par projection de mousse ou d'eau.The object of the present invention is precisely to remedy these drawbacks and in particular to provide a very effective device for fighting fire and protecting against thermal radiation from materials in combustion nearby, by spraying foam or water.

Ce dispositif est particulièrement adapté à la projection de mousse ou d'eau sur des parois verticales.This device is particularly suitable for spraying foam or water on vertical walls.

Monté directement sur une conduite d'alimentation en liquide sous pression, il assure une diffusion large et homogène aussi bien d'eau que d'une mousse obtenue à partir d'un mélange d'eau et de produit émulsifiant.Mounted directly on a pressurized liquid supply pipe, it ensures a broad and homogeneous distribution of both water and a foam obtained from a mixture of water and emulsifying product.

Il ne nécessite pas de canne de montage, et de ce fait l'effet de pointe étant faible, il n'attire pas la foudre lorsqu'il est monté en partie haute d'un équipement.It does not require a mounting rod, and therefore the peak effect being weak, it does not attract lightning when it is mounted in the upper part of an equipment.

Par sa simplicité de réalisation et de montage, le dispositif de l'invention est beaucoup moins coûteux que les dispositifs connus et plus facile à entretenir.By its simplicity of construction and assembly, the device of the invention is much less expensive than known devices and easier to maintain.

Il trouve son application dans des locaux industriels, tels que des ateliers de production dans lesquels sont utilisées des matières inflammables, des magasins de stockage, des dépôts d'hydrocarbures et plus généralement dans toutes les installations dans lesquelles sont produites, stockées ou manipulées des matières inflammables.It finds its application in industrial premises, such as production workshops in which flammable materials are used, storage stores, hydrocarbon depots and more generally in all the installations in which materials are produced, stored or handled. flammable.

A ces fins, la présente invention propose un dispositif de projection d'un mélange l'air et de liquide comportant un corps cylindrique creux formant une chambre d'expansion muni de moyens de raccordement à une source de liquide sous pression, d'un orifice calibré placé vers son extrémité amont, d'un déflecteur obturant son extrémité aval, d'une entrée d'air en communication avec la chambre d'expansion, et d'une sortie radiale du mélange d'air et de liquide en forme de fente à parois de limitation parallèles adjacente au déflecteur, ledit déflecteur étant plat et disposé perpendiculairement à l'axe du corps cylindrique.For these purposes, the present invention provides a device for projecting a mixture of air and liquid comprising a hollow cylindrical body forming an expansion chamber provided with means for connection to a source of pressurized liquid, an orifice calibrated placed towards its upstream end, a deflector closing its downstream end, an air inlet in communication with the expansion chamber, and a radial outlet of the mixture of air and liquid in the form of a slot with parallel limiting walls adjacent to the deflector, said deflector being flat and arranged perpendicular to the axis of the cylindrical body.

Selon une autre caractéristique du dispositif, les moyens de raccordement, l'orifice calibré, le corps et le déflecteur constituent un ensemble monobloc, réalisé selon la technique du mécano soudage.According to another characteristic of the device, the connection means, the calibrated orifice, the body and the deflector constitute a one-piece assembly, produced according to the technique of mechanical welding.

Selon une autre caractéristique du dispositif, l'orifice calibré est constitué par une rondelle amovible placée entre l'extrémité amont du corps et les moyens de raccordement.According to another characteristic of the device, the calibrated orifice is constituted by a removable washer placed between the upstream end of the body and the connection means.

Selon une autre caractéristique du dispositif, l'entrée d'air est constituée par au moins une ouverture latérale dans la paroi du corps.According to another characteristic of the device, the air inlet consists of at least one lateral opening in the wall of the body.

Selon une autre caractéristiqu du dispositif, le corps est muni de moyens de réglage du débit d'air entrant dans la chambre d'expansion.According to another characteristic of the device, the body is provided with means for adjusting the air flow entering the expansion chamber.

Selon une autre caractéristique du dispositif, les moyens de réglage du débit d'air entrent dans la chambre d'expansion sont constitués par une bague tournante et coulissante placée autour du corps au droit de l'entrée d'air, munie d'au moins un orifice latéral et de moyens de blocage en position par rapport au corps.According to another characteristic of the device, the means for adjusting the air flow entering the expansion chamber are constituted by a rotating ring and sliding placed around the body to the right of the air inlet, provided with at least one lateral orifice and locking means in position relative to the body.

Selon une autre caractéristique du dispositif, l'extrémité amont du corps est taillée en biseau et constitue l'entrée d'air dans la chambre d'expansion, l'orifice calibré étant situé en amont des moyens de raccordement sur la source de liquide.According to another characteristic of the device, the upstream end of the body is cut at a bevel and constitutes the air inlet into the expansion chamber, the calibrated orifice being located upstream of the connection means on the source of liquid.

Selon une autre caractéristique du dispositif, la sortie radiale du mélange d'air et de liquide est constituée par une fente découpée dans la paroi du corps et dont l'ouverture angulaire est supérieure à 180°.According to another characteristic of the device, the radial outlet of the mixture of air and liquid consists of a slot cut in the wall of the body and whose angular opening is greater than 180 °.

Enfin selon une dernière caractéristique, le dispositif comporte au moins un fil rigide qui entre par la sortie radiale et traverse le corps et l'orifice calibré.Finally according to a last characteristic, the device comprises at least one rigid wire which enters through the radial outlet and passes through the body and the calibrated orifice.

BREVE DESCRIPTION DES DESSINSBRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

L'invention sera mieux comprise à l'aide de la description qui suit en référence aux dessins annexés, dans lesquels :

  • la figure 1 représente schématiquement un dispositif de projection d'un mélange d'air et de liquide selon un premier mode de réalisation de l'invention ;
  • la figure 2 représente schématiquement un dispositif de projection de mélange d'air et de liquide dans lequel l'orifice calibré est constitué par une rondelle amovible ;
  • la figure 3 représente schématiquement des moyens de réglage du débit d'air entrant dans la chambre d'expansion ;
  • la figure 4 représente un mode de réalisation des moyens de réglage du débit d'air ;
  • la figure 5 représente schématiquement un mode de réalisation de la sortie radiale du mélange d'air et de liquide ;
  • la figure 6 représente schématiquement un mode de réalisation du dispositif selon lequel l'extrémité amont du corps est taillée en biseau.
The invention will be better understood with the aid of the description which follows with reference to the appended drawings, in which:
  • FIG. 1 schematically represents a device for projecting a mixture of air and liquid according to a first embodiment of the invention;
  • FIG. 2 schematically represents a device for projecting a mixture of air and liquid in which the calibrated orifice is constituted by a removable washer;
  • FIG. 3 schematically represents means for adjusting the air flow entering the expansion chamber;
  • FIG. 4 shows an embodiment of the means for adjusting the air flow;
  • FIG. 5 schematically represents an embodiment of the radial outlet of the mixture of air and liquid;
  • FIG. 6 schematically represents an embodiment of the device according to which the upstream end of the body is cut in a bevel.

EXPOSE DETAILLE DE L'INVENTIONDETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

D'une manière générale, le dispositif de l'invention est utilisé pour projeter un mélange d'air et de liquide dans le but de protéger des équipements contre des incendies.In general, the device of the invention is used to project a mixture of air and liquid in order to protect equipment against fires.

Selon le mode de réalisation représenté figure 1, le dispositif comporte

  • un corps 1 cylindrique creux formant une chambre d'expansion 2
  • des moyens 3 de raccordement à une source de liquide sous pression,
  • un orifice 4 calibré placé à l'extrémité 5 amont du corps 1,
  • un déflecteur 6 plat obturant l'extrémité 7 aval du corps 1,
  • une entrée 8 d'air latérale,
  • une sortie 9 radiale en forme de fente, du mélange air liquide.
According to the embodiment shown in Figure 1, the device comprises
  • a hollow cylindrical body 1 forming an expansion chamber 2
  • means 3 for connection to a source of pressurized liquid,
  • a calibrated orifice 4 placed at the upstream end 5 of the body 1,
  • a flat deflector 6 closing the downstream end 7 of the body 1,
  • a side air inlet 8,
  • a radial outlet 9 in the form of a slit, of the liquid air mixture.

Les moyens 3 de raccordement, l'orifice 4 calibré, le corps 1 et le déflecteur 6 constituent l'ensemble monobloc réalisé économiquement selon la technique du mécano soudage, représenté figure 1.The connection means 3, the calibrated orifice 4, the body 1 and the deflector 6 constitute the one-piece assembly produced economically according to the mechanized welding technique, shown in FIG. 1.

Le dispositif de projection d'air et de liquide est relié à une source de liquide sous pression par les moyens 3 de raccordement, par exemple un embout fileté.The air and liquid projection device is connected to a source of pressurized liquid by the connection means 3, for example a threaded end piece.

Le liquide est de l'eau lorsqu'on veut protéger un équipement d'un feu à proximité, en le refroidissant.Liquid is water when you want to protect equipment from a nearby fire by cooling it.

Le liquide est un mélange d'eau et d'un produit émulsifiant lorsqu'on veut protéger un équipement par projection de mousse.The liquid is a mixture of water and an emulsifier when you want to protect equipment by spraying foam.

Le liquide sous pression passe à travers l'orifice 4 calibré qui détermine son débit pour une pression donnée. Le jet de liquide qui se forme à la sortie de l'orifice 4 calibré, traverse la chambre 2 d'expansion où il se mélange à l'air qui est aspiré par succion au travers de l'entrée 8 latérale, puis frappe le déflecteur 6 plat disposé perpendiculairement à l'axe du corps cylindrique.The pressurized liquid passes through the calibrated orifice 4 which determines its flow for a given pressure. The liquid jet which forms at the outlet of the calibrated orifice 4 crosses the expansion chamber 2 where it mixes with the air which is sucked in by suction through the side inlet 8, then strikes the deflector 6 flat arranged perpendicular to the axis of the cylindrical body.

Il se forme dans la chambre 2 d'expansion un mélange d'air et d'eau quand le liquide sous pression est de l'eau et de la mousse quand le liquide sous pression est un mélange d'eau et d'un produit émulsifiant.A mixture of air and water is formed in the expansion chamber 2 when the pressurized liquid is water and foam when the pressurized liquid is a mixture of water and an emulsifying product. .

Le mélange d'air et de liquide frappe le déflecteur 6 plat et quitte le corps 1 par la sortie radiale 9. Il se produit ainsi un jet d'air et de liquide, ou de mousse, homogène, de forme plate, le plan de ce jet étant perpendiculaire à l'axe du corps 1 du dispositif de projection.The mixture of air and liquid strikes the flat deflector 6 and leaves the body 1 via the radial outlet 9. There is thus produced a jet of air and liquid, or foam, homogeneous, of flat shape, the plane of this jet being perpendicular to the axis of the body 1 of the projection device.

Un autre mode de réalisation de l'invention est représenté figure 2 dans lequel l'orifice 4 calibré est constitué par une rondelle 10 amovible placée entre l'extrémité 5 amont du corps et les moyens 3 de raccordement.Another embodiment of the invention is shown in Figure 2 in which the calibrated orifice 4 is constituted by a removable washer 10 placed between the upstream end 5 of the body and the connection means 3.

Ainsi, il est possible de modifier le débit de liquide en remplaçant la rondelle interposée entre l'extrémité 5 amont du corps 1 et les moyens de raccordement 3, par une rondelle présentant un orifice calibré de diamètre différent.Thus, it is possible to modify the liquid flow rate by replacing the washer interposed between the upstream end 5 of the body 1 and the connection means 3, by a washer having a calibrated orifice of different diameter.

Tel que représenté schématiquement sur la figure 3, le dispositif est muni de moyens 11de réglage du débit d'air entrant dans la chambre 2 d'expansion pour obtenir une mousse de qualité souhaitée.As shown schematically in Figure 3, the device is provided with means 11 for adjusting the air flow entering the expansion chamber 2 to obtain a foam of desired quality.

Les moyens de réglage du débit d'air entrant dans la chambre d'expansion représentés sur la figure 4 sont constitués par une bague 12 tournante et coulissante placée autour du corps 1 au droit de l'entrée 8 d'air, munie d'au moins un orifice 13 latéral et de moyens de blocage 14 en position par rapport au corps.The means for adjusting the air flow entering the expansion chamber represented in FIG. 4 are constituted by a rotating and sliding ring 12 placed around the body 1 in line with the air inlet 8, provided with at least one orifice 13 lateral and locking means 14 in position relative to the body.

A titre d'exemple non limitatif on peut citer une bague 12 comportant plusieurs trous 13 latéraux de diamètres différents inférieurs au diamètre de l'orifice d'entrée 8 d'air.By way of nonlimiting example, mention may be made of a ring 12 comprising several lateral holes 13 of different diameters smaller than the diameter of the air inlet orifice 8.

Le réglage du débit d'air s'effectue en mettant en regard de l'entrée 8 d'air, un trou 13 de la bague 12, de diamètre plus ou moins grand en fonction de débit d'air souhaité, ce qui permet d'obtenir différentes qualités de mousse. La bague 12 est bloquée en position par rapport au corps 1, au moyen d'une vis pointeau 14.The air flow is adjusted by placing a hole 13 in the ring 12, of more or less diameter, opposite the air inlet 8, as a function of the desired air flow, which allows '' get different qualities of foam. The ring 12 is locked in position relative to the body 1, by means of a needle screw 14.

La sortie 9 radiale du mélange d'air et de liquide telle que représentée en détail sur la figure 5, est constituée par une fente 15 découpée da s la paroi du corps 1, dont l'ouverture 16 angulaire est supérieure à 180°. Cette ouverture est choisie en fonction de la forme plus ou moins ouverte du jet plat à obtenir.The radial outlet 9 of the mixture of air and liquid as shown in detail in FIG. 5, consists of a slot 15 cut from the wall of the body 1, the angular opening 16 of which is greater than 180 °. This opening is chosen according to the more or less open shape of the flat jet to be obtained.

Comme représenté figure 6, le c rps 1 est taillé en biseau 17 à son extrémité amont, l'ori ice 4 calibré étant situé directement sur les moyens 19 d'alimentation en liquide.As shown in FIG. 6, the c rps 1 is cut in a bevel 17 at its upstream end, the calibrated ori ice 4 being located directly on the means 19 for supplying liquid.

L'air entre par l'ouverture résultant de la coupe en biseau 17 de l'extrémité amont du corps 1. L'angle de coupe du biseau est ajusté pour obtenir la qualité de mousse souhaitée, à partir d'un mélange d' au et un produit d'émulsifiant donné, un diamètre d'orifice calibré donné, et une pression donnée du liquide dans la conduite d'amenée dudit liquide.The air enters through the opening resulting from the bevel cut 17 from the upstream end of the body 1. The cut angle of the bevel is adjusted to obtain the desired quality of foam, from a mixture of and a given emulsifier product, a given calibrated orifice diameter, and a given pressure of the liquid in the supply line of said liquid.

Une dernière caractéristique représentée figure 6 est un fil rigide 18 introduit dans la sortie 9 radiale du corps 1 et qui traverse ledit corps et 1 orifice 4 calibré.A last feature shown in Figure 6 is a rigid wire 18 introduced into the radial outlet 9 of the body 1 and which passes through said body and 1 orifice 4 calibrated.

Ce fil rigide 18 vibre sous l'effet des flux de liquide et de mélange d'air et de liquide dans lesquels il est placé. Les déplacements qui en résultent dans l'orifice 4 calibré ont pour effet de dégage ledit orifice et d'empêcher notamment son obstruction par des particules de rouille qui peuvent être en suspension dans le liquide d'alimentation.This rigid wire 18 vibrates under the effect of the flows of liquid and of mixture of air and liquid in which it is placed. The resulting movements in the calibrated orifice 4 have the effect of releasing said orifice and in particular preventing its obstruction by rust particles which may be in suspension in the feed liquid.

Ce fil rigide 18 constitue un moyen efficace de nettoyage automatique des éléments du dispositif de projecteur d'air et de liquide objet le l'invention. Son utilisation n'est pas limitée au mode de réalisation représenté figure 6, il est également valable pour tous les autres modes de réalisation.This rigid wire 18 constitutes an effective means of automatic cleaning of the elements of the air and liquid spray device object of the invention. Its use is not limited to the embodiment shown in FIG. 6, it is also valid for all the other embodiments.

EXEMPLEEXAMPLE

A titre d'essais, des dispositifs selon l'invention ont été montés sur un réservoir cylindrique à axe vertical utilisé pour le stockage d'hydrocarbures liquides.By way of tests, devices according to the invention were mounted on a cylindrical tank with a vertical axis used for the storage of liquid hydrocarbons.

Le réservoir était équipé d'une tuyauterie circulaire, placée à environ 60 cm en-dessous du toit, qui constituait la source de liquide sous pression. Des dispositifs de projection munis de moyns de raccordement à vis ont été montés sur la tuyauterie circulaire équipée de bossages filetés. Les axes longitudinaux des dispositifs de projection étaient inclinés de 45° par rapport à un plan horizontal. Les ouvertures 9 des sortie du mélange d'air et de liquide étaient dirigées vers le haut du réservoir. Les dispositifs de projection du type monobloc étaient espacés de 2 mètres environ et uniformément répartis sur la tuyauterie circulaire.

  • * Caractéristiques géométriques des dispositifs de projection de mélange d'eau et de liquide.
    • Longueur totale : 135 mm
    • Longueur du corps cylindrique : 100 im
    • Diamètre du corps : 33,7 mm
    • Epaisseur de la paroi du corps : 1,6 mm
    • Epaisseur du déflecteur : 1,6 mm
    • Diamètre de l'orifice calibré : 5,5 im
    • Entrée d'air latérale circulaire de diamètre : 4 mm
    • Positicn de l'entrée d'air : 70 mm de la face intérieure du déflecteur
    • Largeur de la fente de sortie du mélange : 8 mm
    • Ouverture angulaire de la fuite de sortie du mélange d'air et de liquide : 200°
  • * Réalisation : acier inoxydable mécano soudé
  • * Moyens de raccordement : embout fileté 15x21 mm
  • * Pression du liquide : comprise entre 3 et 5 bars
  • * Résultats obtenus en utilisant comme liquide sous pression de l'eau ou un mélange d'eau et de produit émulsifiant :
    • Recouvrement total de la surface verticale du réservoir
    • Répartition homogène du mélange d'air et de liquide sur la paroi verticale du réservoir
    • Débit de liquide : supérieur à 15 l/mn et par mètre de circonférence du cercle obtenu pa intersection d'un plan horizontal avec la surface extérieure du réservoir.
  • * Qualité de la mousse obtenue en utilisant un mélange d'eau et de produit émulsifiant comme liquide sous pression. Cette qualité se mesure par le coefficient de foisonnement qui est le rapport du volume de la mousse produite au volume de liquide utilisé pour la produire.
    Coefficient de foisonnement obtenu : 5 à 6.
The tank was fitted with circular piping, placed about 60 cm below the roof, which was the source of pressurized liquid. Projection devices fitted with screw connection means have been mounted on the circular piping fitted with threaded bosses. The longitudinal axes of the projection devices were tilted 45 ° to a horizontal plane. The openings 9 of the air and liquid mixture outlets were directed towards the top of the tank. The monobloc type projection devices were spaced about 2 meters apart and evenly distributed over the circular piping.
  • * Geometric characteristics of the water and liquid mixture projection devices.
    • Total length: 135 mm
    • Length of cylindrical body: 100 im
    • Body diameter: 33.7 mm
    • Body wall thickness: 1.6mm
    • Deflector thickness: 1.6 mm
    • Diameter of the calibrated orifice: 5.5 im
    • Circular lateral air inlet with diameter: 4 mm
    • Air inlet position: 70 mm from the inside of the deflector
    • Width of the mixture outlet slot: 8 mm
    • Angular opening of the air and liquid mixture outlet leak: 200 °
  • * Realization: mechanically welded stainless steel
  • * Connection means: 15x21 mm threaded end piece
  • * Liquid pressure: between 3 and 5 bars
  • * Results obtained by using water as a liquid under pressure or a mixture of water and emulsifier:
    • Total cover of the vertical surface of the tank
    • Homogeneous distribution of the air and liquid mixture on the vertical wall of the tank
    • Liquid flow: greater than 15 l / min and per meter of circumference of the circle obtained by the intersection of a horizontal plane with the external surface of the tank.
  • * Quality of the foam obtained by using a mixture of water and emulsifier as a pressurized liquid. This quality is measured by the expansion coefficient which is the ratio of the volume of the foam produced to the volume of liquid used to produce it.
    Coefficient of expansion obtained: 5 to 6.

Claims (9)

Dispositif de projection d'un mélange d'air et de liquide comportant un corps (1) cylindrique creux formant une chambre (2) d'expansion muni de moyens (3) de raccordement à une source de liquide sous pression, d'un orifice (4) calibré placé vers son extrémité (5) amont, d'un déflecteur (6) obturant son extrémité (7) aval, d'une entrée (8) d'air en communication avec la chambre (2) d'expansion, et d'une sortie (9) radiale du mélange d'air et de liquide en forme de fente à parois de limitation parallèles, adjacent au déflecteur (6) caractérisé en ce que ledit déflecteur est plat et disposé perpendiculairement à l'axe du corps (1) cylindrique.Device for projecting a mixture of air and liquid comprising a hollow cylindrical body (1) forming an expansion chamber (2) provided with means (3) for connection to a source of pressurized liquid, an orifice (4) calibrated placed towards its upstream end (5), a deflector (6) closing its downstream end (7), an air inlet (8) in communication with the expansion chamber (2), and a radial outlet (9) of the mixture of air and liquid in the form of a slot with parallel limiting walls, adjacent to the deflector (6) characterized in that said deflector is flat and arranged perpendicular to the axis of the body (1) cylindrical. Dispositif selon la revendication caractérisé en ce que les moyens (3) de raccordement, l'orifice (4) calibré, le corps (1) et le déflecteur (6) constituent un ensemble monobloc réalisé selon la technique du mécano soudage.Device according to claim characterized in that the connecting means (3), the calibrated orifice (4), the body (1) and the deflector (6) constitute a monobloc assembly produced according to the technique of mechanical welding. Dispositif selon la revendication caractérisé en ce que l'orifice (4) calibré est constitué par une rondelle (10) amovible placée entre l'extrémité (5) amont du corps (1) et les moyens (3) de raccordement.Device according to claim characterized in that the calibrated orifice (4) consists of a removable washer (10) placed between the upstream end (5) of the body (1) and the connection means (3). Dispositif selon l'une des revendications 1 à 3 caractérisé en ce que l'entrée (8) d'air est constituée par au moins une ouverture latérale dans la paroi du corps.Device according to one of claims 1 to 3 characterized in that the air inlet (8) consists of at least one lateral opening in the wall of the body. Dispositif selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 4 caractérisé en ce que le corps (1) est muni de moyens (11) de réglage du débit d'air entrant dans la chambre (2) d'expansion.Device according to any one of Claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the body (1) is provided with means (11) for adjusting the air flow entering the expansion chamber (2). Dispositif selon la revendication 5 caractérisé en ce que les moyens (11) de réglage du débit d'air entrant dans la chambre d'expansion sont constitués par une bague (12) tournante et coulissante placée autour du corps (1) au droit de l'entrée (8) d'air, munie d'au moins un orifice (13) latéral et de moyens (14) de blocage en position par rapport au corps (1).Device according to claim 5 characterized in that the means (11) for adjusting the air flow entering the expansion chamber are constituted by a rotating and sliding ring (12) placed around the body (1) in line with the '' air inlet (8), provided with at least one lateral orifice (13) and means (14) for locking in position relative to the body (1). Dispositif selon la revendication 1 caractérisé en ce que l'extrémité (5) amont du corps est taillée en biseau (17) et constitue l'entrée d'air dans la chambre d'expansion, l'orifice (4) calibré étant situé en amont des moyens (3) de raccordement sur la source de liquide.Device according to claim 1 characterized in that the upstream end (5) of the body is cut in a bevel (17) and constitutes the air inlet in the expansion chamber, the calibrated orifice (4) being located in upstream of the means (3) for connection to the liquid source. Dispositif selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 6 caractérisé en ce que la sortie (9) radiale du mélange d'air et de liquide est constituée par une fente (15) découpée dans la paroi du corps (1) et dont l'ouverture (16) angulaire est supérieure à 180°.Device according to any one of Claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the radial outlet (9) of the mixture of air and liquid is constituted by a slot (15) cut in the wall of the body (1) and whose angular opening (16) is greater than 180 °. Dispositif selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 8 caractérisé en ce qu'il comporte au moins un fil (18) rigide qui entre par la sortie (9) radiale et traverse le corps (1) et l'orifice (4) calibré.Device according to any one of Claims 1 to 8, characterized in that it comprises at least one rigid wire (18) which enters via the radial outlet (9) and passes through the body (1) and the calibrated orifice (4) .
EP95402955A 1994-12-29 1995-12-28 Apparatus for spraying a mixture of air and liquid Expired - Lifetime EP0719590B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR9415887 1994-12-29
FR9415887A FR2728808A1 (en) 1994-12-29 1994-12-29 DEVICE FOR PROJECTING A MIXTURE OF AIR AND LIQUID

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EP0719590A1 true EP0719590A1 (en) 1996-07-03
EP0719590B1 EP0719590B1 (en) 1998-08-26

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EP95402955A Expired - Lifetime EP0719590B1 (en) 1994-12-29 1995-12-28 Apparatus for spraying a mixture of air and liquid

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EP (1) EP0719590B1 (en)
DE (1) DE69504290T2 (en)
FR (1) FR2728808A1 (en)

Cited By (2)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1998002250A1 (en) * 1996-07-17 1998-01-22 Newteam Limited Aerating arrangement primarily for a shower head
WO1999017886A1 (en) * 1997-10-07 1999-04-15 Lurmark Limited Spray nozzle

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FR763601A (en) * 1932-12-02 1934-05-03 Low pressure paint spraying process
FR980879A (en) * 1948-12-24 1951-05-18 Horizontal spray nozzle
FR1002584A (en) * 1946-10-29 1952-03-07 Walther & Cie Ag Sheet sprayer
FR1101871A (en) * 1954-04-08 1955-10-11 Robinetterie S A J Soc D Improvement in jet devices, such as sprayers and atomizers
GB776783A (en) * 1954-01-18 1957-06-12 Edward Haftke Improvements in foam generators
US3066870A (en) * 1959-10-05 1962-12-04 Edwin E Hanson Spray nozzle
FR2291798A1 (en) * 1974-11-19 1976-06-18 Lechler Apparatebau Kg Spray nozzle for a plant protective purposes - uses inclined nozzle outlet, to prevent dripping, and improve distribution
FR2303605A1 (en) * 1975-03-12 1976-10-08 Rotvand Georges FOAM GENERATOR
US4058262A (en) * 1976-02-13 1977-11-15 Bete Fog Nozzle Inc. Fluid spray for generating rectangular coverage
US4071195A (en) * 1975-09-12 1978-01-31 Economics Laboratory, Inc. Spray and foam producing nozzle apparatus
US5054688A (en) * 1989-12-20 1991-10-08 Robwen, Inc. Foam producing nozzle
US5234167A (en) * 1989-11-16 1993-08-10 Afa Products, Inc. One-piece foamer nozzle
DE9308745U1 (en) * 1993-06-11 1993-08-12 Aerosol Technik Lindal Gmbh, 23843 Bad Oldesloe, De
EP0596155A1 (en) * 1992-10-26 1994-05-11 Toshiharu Fukai Nozzle for generating bubbles

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR763601A (en) * 1932-12-02 1934-05-03 Low pressure paint spraying process
FR1002584A (en) * 1946-10-29 1952-03-07 Walther & Cie Ag Sheet sprayer
FR980879A (en) * 1948-12-24 1951-05-18 Horizontal spray nozzle
GB776783A (en) * 1954-01-18 1957-06-12 Edward Haftke Improvements in foam generators
FR1101871A (en) * 1954-04-08 1955-10-11 Robinetterie S A J Soc D Improvement in jet devices, such as sprayers and atomizers
US3066870A (en) * 1959-10-05 1962-12-04 Edwin E Hanson Spray nozzle
FR2291798A1 (en) * 1974-11-19 1976-06-18 Lechler Apparatebau Kg Spray nozzle for a plant protective purposes - uses inclined nozzle outlet, to prevent dripping, and improve distribution
FR2303605A1 (en) * 1975-03-12 1976-10-08 Rotvand Georges FOAM GENERATOR
US4071195A (en) * 1975-09-12 1978-01-31 Economics Laboratory, Inc. Spray and foam producing nozzle apparatus
US4058262A (en) * 1976-02-13 1977-11-15 Bete Fog Nozzle Inc. Fluid spray for generating rectangular coverage
US5234167A (en) * 1989-11-16 1993-08-10 Afa Products, Inc. One-piece foamer nozzle
US5054688A (en) * 1989-12-20 1991-10-08 Robwen, Inc. Foam producing nozzle
EP0596155A1 (en) * 1992-10-26 1994-05-11 Toshiharu Fukai Nozzle for generating bubbles
DE9308745U1 (en) * 1993-06-11 1993-08-12 Aerosol Technik Lindal Gmbh, 23843 Bad Oldesloe, De

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1998002250A1 (en) * 1996-07-17 1998-01-22 Newteam Limited Aerating arrangement primarily for a shower head
WO1999017886A1 (en) * 1997-10-07 1999-04-15 Lurmark Limited Spray nozzle
GB2345011A (en) * 1997-10-07 2000-06-28 Lurmark Ltd Spray nozzle
GB2345011B (en) * 1997-10-07 2001-08-08 Lurmark Ltd Spray nozzle
US6338444B1 (en) 1997-10-07 2002-01-15 Lurmark Limited Spray nozzle

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0719590B1 (en) 1998-08-26
FR2728808A1 (en) 1996-07-05
DE69504290D1 (en) 1998-10-01
FR2728808B1 (en) 1997-02-21
DE69504290T2 (en) 1999-04-01

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