EP0602462A1 - Switchgear - Google Patents

Switchgear Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0602462A1
EP0602462A1 EP93119412A EP93119412A EP0602462A1 EP 0602462 A1 EP0602462 A1 EP 0602462A1 EP 93119412 A EP93119412 A EP 93119412A EP 93119412 A EP93119412 A EP 93119412A EP 0602462 A1 EP0602462 A1 EP 0602462A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
contact piece
movable contact
switching device
base
guide
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP93119412A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0602462B1 (en
Inventor
Josef Leitner
Heinz-Dieter Schmitz
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
ABB Patent GmbH
Original Assignee
ABB Patent GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from DE19924242100 external-priority patent/DE4242100B4/en
Application filed by ABB Patent GmbH filed Critical ABB Patent GmbH
Publication of EP0602462A1 publication Critical patent/EP0602462A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0602462B1 publication Critical patent/EP0602462B1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H13/00—Switches having rectilinearly-movable operating part or parts adapted for pushing or pulling in one direction only, e.g. push-button switch
    • H01H13/02—Details
    • H01H13/26—Snap-action arrangements depending upon deformation of elastic members
    • H01H13/48—Snap-action arrangements depending upon deformation of elastic members using buckling of disc springs
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H13/00—Switches having rectilinearly-movable operating part or parts adapted for pushing or pulling in one direction only, e.g. push-button switch
    • H01H13/02—Details
    • H01H13/12—Movable parts; Contacts mounted thereon
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H9/00—Details of switching devices, not covered by groups H01H1/00 - H01H7/00
    • H01H9/18—Distinguishing marks on switches, e.g. for indicating switch location in the dark; Adaptation of switches to receive distinguishing marks
    • H01H9/182—Illumination of the symbols or distinguishing marks
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H23/00—Tumbler or rocker switches, i.e. switches characterised by being operated by rocking an operating member in the form of a rocker button
    • H01H23/003—Tumbler or rocker switches, i.e. switches characterised by being operated by rocking an operating member in the form of a rocker button with more than one electrically distinguishable condition in one or both positions
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H2300/00—Orthogonal indexing scheme relating to electric switches, relays, selectors or emergency protective devices covered by H01H
    • H01H2300/006—Application power roofs
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H9/00—Details of switching devices, not covered by groups H01H1/00 - H01H7/00
    • H01H9/18—Distinguishing marks on switches, e.g. for indicating switch location in the dark; Adaptation of switches to receive distinguishing marks

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an electrical switching device, in particular pushbuttons for actuating or actuating actuators for electrically operated devices in motor vehicles, for. B. window lifters, mirror adjusters etc., with a base for receiving or fastening switching elements and actuating elements.
  • a sliding and lever switch To operate a sliding roof of a motor vehicle, a sliding and lever switch has become known from DE-PS-39 31 722, which has a push-button or push-button switch and a switch housing with switch contacts, the switch button by a mechanical link guide is guided so that only a sliding movement or a pivoting movement is possible.
  • the intention here is to emulate the sliding movement of the sunroof when opening or closing in accordance with the sliding movement of the switch button, while the lifting movement of the lifting roof takes place in accordance with the lifting or lowering actuation of the switch button.
  • a disadvantage of the known design of an actuation switch for actuating a sliding / lifting roof is the requirement for an exact slide guide, which results in high demands on the accuracy of the manufacturing tools and a not inconsiderable amount of assembly work.
  • the base is formed from electrically non-conductive material and that at least one contact point is arranged on the base, which has at least two fixed contact pieces which are electrically insulated from one another and which can be connected to one another by means of a movable contact piece serving as a bridge contact.
  • the base is provided with at least one guide for the movable contact piece, which is advantageously designed as a bore which is let into the base.
  • This guide which is provided as a guide bore, serves to clearly define the path of movement of the movable contact piece when the movable contact piece is actuated for the purpose of actuating the contact point, and thus to avoid undesired displacements which can lead to incorrect contacting.
  • the movable contact piece is provided with webs in a further embodiment of the invention, which are integrally formed or z. B. soldering, welding, gluing, riveting, attached.
  • the movable contact piece made of electrically conductive, spring-hard material, for. B. AgPd. Conveniently, d. H. favorable in terms of manufacturing costs, it is manufactured as a stamped and bent part, which is favorable for automatic production.
  • a preferred embodiment of the invention provides that the movable contact piece is designed as a triangle, its surface being curved in the form of a dome and resting with its corner points on the base, while its curved central region is at a distance from the base.
  • the corner points can each have pits directed towards the base for better contact with the first fixed contact piece arranged on the base.
  • the curved central region of the triangular, movable contact piece also has a beading facing the base, which is used for contacting the second fixed contact piece, which is located underneath the base.
  • An expedient embodiment provides that the first fixed contact piece is divided into three parts and is arranged at each of the corner points of the triangular movable contact piece.
  • a further embodiment of the invention provides that the webs for guiding the movable contact piece on its side edges, preferably in the center, ie. H. at half length, are arranged and engage in the corresponding guide holes located below in the base.
  • the movable contact piece is a monostable, i.e. H. self-resetting contact spring designed, which opens the respective contact in the rest position.
  • the base which serves as a contact carrier, can be made of hard paper, for. B. printed circuit boards, or another suitable insulating material, d. H. with sufficient electrical and mechanical strength, in which the fixed contact pieces are injected or mechanically attached.
  • line paths are provided, which are used as conductor tracks, such as. B. common and known in printed circuit boards, or as in corresponding recesses, for. B. grooves, recessed conductors can be formed and are galvanically connected to the fixed contact pieces.
  • each contact point consists of very few parts, of which only the movable contact piece, as the designation says, is movable by its spring-elastic central region being acted upon to close the contact and automatically after relief resets, while the fixed contact pieces are captively connected to the base.
  • the switching device according to the invention is particularly suitable for low switching currents, but high switching currents can also be controlled.
  • the movable contact piece with a spherically curved triangular surface provided according to the invention, when it is actuated, H. when the outer curvature is depressed, additionally the intended effect that, due to the slight displacement of the corner points caused thereby, the contact surface is automatically cleaned when switching, and incorrect contacts are thereby avoided.
  • the guidance of the movable contact piece effected by means of integrally formed webs is on the one hand very easy to manufacture and on the other hand very expedient, since a displacement of the middle contact is thus excluded, while the previously described contact cleaning of the external contacts is nevertheless ensured.
  • Another advantage is the very compact design and versatile applicability of the switching device according to the invention, which allows a large number of switching operations to be carried out in the smallest space, whether as one-way or multi-way buttons designed as rocker buttons, push buttons or sliding buttons.
  • FIG. 1 shows a longitudinal section of a contact point 10 of an electrical switching device 12, which is provided in particular for use in motor vehicles and devices with comparable electrical parameters. Because of the structurally provided small contact distances, which accordingly lead to short switching distances, the low-voltage range in particular is the preferred area of application for this switching device.
  • the contact point 10 in the switching device 12 according to the invention is arranged on a base 14 which serves as a contact carrier for first and second fixed contact pieces 16, 18 which are electrically insulated from one another.
  • the base 14 consists of electrically non-conductive material, e.g. b. Insulating material which, in addition to having sufficient electrical strength, also has sufficient mechanical strength.
  • a movable contact piece 20 is used to connect the first and second fixed contact pieces 16, 18, which are electrically insulated from one another in the idle state, and connects the two fixed contact pieces 16, 18 to one another in an electrically conductive manner as a contact bridge when pressed by depression.
  • the movable contact piece 20 has a triangular shape, the first fixed three-part contact piece 16 being arranged at the locations opposite the corner points on the base 14, while in the center of the triangle enclosed by the corner points the second fixed piece isolated therefrom Contact piece 18 is arranged in the base 14. On each side of the triangle there is half a length of a web 22 directed towards the base 14, which in the example shown is integrally connected to the movable contact piece 20 and engages in a corresponding recess 24 in the base 14.
  • This recess 24 is made as a bore and serves as a guide for the movable contact piece 20 to ensure that the second fixed contact point 18 and the contact surface 20 located above it, formed as a dimpling 26, are always flush with one another, and thus ensures reliable contacting is.
  • the corner areas of the triangular movable contact piece 20 also each have a dome 28, i. H. a bulge directed towards the base 14, which serves for better contacting with the respectively assigned first fixed contact piece 16 arranged on the base 14.
  • a dome 28 i. H. a bulge directed towards the base 14, which serves for better contacting with the respectively assigned first fixed contact piece 16 arranged on the base 14.
  • both cases i.e. H. both in the conical shape 26 in the center of the triangle and in the conical shape 28 at the corner points of the movable contact piece 20, which is designed as an equilateral triangle, are dome-shaped, ie. H. hemispherical, designed and thus offer the guarantee that, regardless of the position of the movable contact piece 20, a reliable point contact with the associated first or second fixed contact pieces 16, 18 takes place.
  • the movable contact piece 20 has a bulge directed away from the base 14, which is permanently impressed on the movable contact piece 20, which is preferably made of resilient flat material as a stamped and bent part, and thus causes an automatic reset.
  • the movable contact piece 20 is relieved of its restoring to the starting position shown in FIG. 1.
  • the contact point 10 has a first fixed contact piece 16 with three contact points which, as said, are arranged at the corner points of an equilateral triangle and are connected to one another by means of line paths 17 arranged in the base 14.
  • first connecting line 30 To connect the contact point 10 with the periphery, for. B. with connection contacts of the switching device 12, not shown here, one of the first fixed contact pieces 16 arranged in the base 14 is connected to a first connecting line 30 and the second fixed contact piece 18 to a second connecting line 32.
  • the further course of the first and second connecting lines 30, 32 is not shown in more detail in the example shown.
  • these connecting conductors 30, 32 can be designed both as conductor tracks running on the surface and as contact strips which work together with corresponding mating contact surfaces when installed in a switch housing (also not shown here) and thus fulfill the intended electrical function.

Abstract

The invention relates to electrical switchgear (10), in particular a touch-contact switch for actuating actuators of electrically activated tiltable sliding roofs in motor vehicles, with a base (12) for receiving, or having attached to it, switching elements (24, 26, 28) and activation elements (14, 16), the switchgear (10) being constructed as a combined rocker and push-button key and being provided with a switching rocker (16) for opening and closing the sliding roof and for closing the tiltable sliding roof and with a push-button key (14) for moving the sliding roof outwards. <IMAGE>

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft ein elektrisches Schaltgerät, insbesondere Tastschalter zur Beaufschlagung oder Ansteuerung von Stellorganen für elektrisch betätigte Einrichtungen in Kraftfahrzeugen, z. B. Fensterheber, Spiegelversteller etc., mit einem Sockel zur Aufnahme bzw. Befestigung von Schaltorganen und Betätigungselementen.The invention relates to an electrical switching device, in particular pushbuttons for actuating or actuating actuators for electrically operated devices in motor vehicles, for. B. window lifters, mirror adjusters etc., with a base for receiving or fastening switching elements and actuating elements.

Es ist allgemeiner Standard, die zur Betätigung elektrischer Einrichtungen in Kraftfahrzeugen vorgesehenen Schalteinrichtungen einerseits übersichtlich und andererseits aus Platzgründen kompakt zu gestalten. Dies gilt insbesondere für solche Schaltgeräte, welche zur Ausführungen mehrerer unterschiedlicher Schaltvorgänge vorgesehen sind.It is a general standard to make the switching devices provided for actuating electrical devices in motor vehicles clear on the one hand and, on the other hand, compact for space reasons. This applies in particular to switching devices which are intended to carry out several different switching operations.

Zur Betätigung eines Schiebe-Hubdachs eines Kraftfahrzeuges ist ein Schiebe- und Hebelschalter aus der DE-PS-39 31 722 bekannt geworden, der einen schiebbaren oder heb- bzw. drückbaren Schalterknopf und ein Schaltergehäuse mit Schaltkontakten aufweist, wobei der Schalterknopf durch eine mechanische Kulissenführung so geführt ist, daß nur eine Schiebebewegung oder eine Schwenkbewegung möglich ist. Hierbei ist beabsichtigt, entsprechend der Schiebebewegung des Schalterknopfes die Schiebebewegung des Schiebedachs beim Öffnen bzw. Schließen nachzubilden, während die Hubbewegung des Hebedachs entsprechend der Hub- bzw. Senkbetätigung des Schalterknopfes erfolgt.To operate a sliding roof of a motor vehicle, a sliding and lever switch has become known from DE-PS-39 31 722, which has a push-button or push-button switch and a switch housing with switch contacts, the switch button by a mechanical link guide is guided so that only a sliding movement or a pivoting movement is possible. The intention here is to emulate the sliding movement of the sunroof when opening or closing in accordance with the sliding movement of the switch button, while the lifting movement of the lifting roof takes place in accordance with the lifting or lowering actuation of the switch button.

Ungünstig bei der bekannten Ausgestaltung eines Betätigungsschalters für die Betätigung eines Schiebe-Hub-Daches ist das Erfordernis einer exakten Kulissenführung, was hohe Anforderungen an die Genauigkeit der Herstellwerkzeuge sowie einen nicht unerheblichen Montageaufwand zur Folge hat.A disadvantage of the known design of an actuation switch for actuating a sliding / lifting roof is the requirement for an exact slide guide, which results in high demands on the accuracy of the manufacturing tools and a not inconsiderable amount of assembly work.

Andere allgemein bekannte Schalteinrichtungen für die Betätigung von Schiebe- und Hebedächern von Kraftfahrzeugen sind als reine Schiebe- oder Hebelschalter aus der Praxis bekannt. Bei diesen ist der Schalterknopf nur in einer Schiebebewegung oder in einer Schwenkbewegung betätigbar. Bei diesen bekannten Schaltern ist es von Nachteil, daß sie keine genügende Schaltsicherheit, insbesondere beim Schalten kleiner Ströme bieten und daß auch sie aufwendig in ihrem Aufbau sind.Other generally known switching devices for the actuation of sliding and lifting roofs of motor vehicles are known in practice as pure sliding or lever switches. In these, the switch button can only be actuated in a sliding movement or in a pivoting movement. In these known switches, it is disadvantageous that they do not offer sufficient switching reliability, especially when switching small currents, and that they too are complex to construct.

Dies vorausgeschickt, ist es Aufgabe der Erfindung, ein Schaltgerät der eingangs genannten Art zu schaffen, das kompakt gestaltet und möglichst einfach aufgebaut ist und eine leichte und kostengünstige Herstellung und Montage erlaubt.That said, it is the object of the invention to provide a switching device of the type mentioned at the outset, which is of compact design and is constructed as simply as possible and which permits easy and inexpensive production and assembly.

Erfindungsgemäß wird diese Aufgabe durch die kennzeichnenden Merkmale des Anspruchs 1 gelöst.According to the invention, this object is achieved by the characterizing features of claim 1.

Danach ist vorgesehen, daß der Sockel aus elektrisch nicht leitendem Material gebildet ist und daß auf dem Sockel wenigstens eine Kontaktstelle angeordnet ist, die wenigstens zwei elektrisch gegeneinander isolierte feste Kontaktstücke aufweist, die mittels eines als Brückenkontakt dienenden beweglichen Kontaktstückes miteinander verbindbar sind.According to this, it is provided that the base is formed from electrically non-conductive material and that at least one contact point is arranged on the base, which has at least two fixed contact pieces which are electrically insulated from one another and which can be connected to one another by means of a movable contact piece serving as a bridge contact.

In zweckmäßiger Weiterbildung der Erfindung ist der Sockel mit wenigstens einer Führung für das bewegliche Kontaktstück versehen, welche vorteilhafterweise als Bohrung ausgebildet ist, die in den Sockel eingelassen ist.In an expedient development of the invention, the base is provided with at least one guide for the movable contact piece, which is advantageously designed as a bore which is let into the base.

Diese als Führungsbohrung vorgesehene Führung dient dazu, bei Beaufschlagung des beweglichen Kontaktstücks zwecks Betätigung der Kontaktstelle den Bewegungsweg des beweglichen Kontaktstücks eindeutig zu definieren und so ungewünschte Verlagerungen, die zu Fehlkontaktierungen führen können, zu vermeiden.This guide, which is provided as a guide bore, serves to clearly define the path of movement of the movable contact piece when the movable contact piece is actuated for the purpose of actuating the contact point, and thus to avoid undesired displacements which can lead to incorrect contacting.

Für den Eingriff in die Führungsbohrungen ist in weiterer Ausgestaltung der Erfindung das bewegliche Kontaktstück mit Stegen versehen, die einstückig angeformt oder mittels bekannter Verbindungstechnik z. B. Löten, Schweißen, Kleben, Nieten, daran befestigt sind.For the engagement in the guide bores, the movable contact piece is provided with webs in a further embodiment of the invention, which are integrally formed or z. B. soldering, welding, gluing, riveting, attached.

Gemäß einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform der Erfindung ist das bewegliche Kontaktstück aus elektrisch leitendem, federhartem Material, z. B. AgPd, hergestellt. Zweckmäßigerweise, d. h. günstig in Hinblick auf die Herstellkosten, ist es als Stanzbiegeteil gefertigt, was für eine automatische Fertigung günstig ist.According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, the movable contact piece made of electrically conductive, spring-hard material, for. B. AgPd. Conveniently, d. H. favorable in terms of manufacturing costs, it is manufactured as a stamped and bent part, which is favorable for automatic production.

Eine bevorzugte Ausgestaltung der Erfindung sieht vor, daß das bewegliche Kontaktstück als Dreieck ausgebildet ist, wobei seine Fläche kalottenförmig gewölbt ist und mit seinen Eckpunkten am Sockel aufliegt, während sein gewölbter Mittenbereich sich im Abstand zum Sockel befindet. Die Eckpunkte können jeweils zum Sockel hin gerichtete Kümpelungen zur besseren Kontaktierung mit dem am Sockel angeordneten ersten festen Kontaktstück aufweisen. Außerdem ist es vorteilhaft, wenn der gewölbte Mittenbereich des dreieckförmigen beweglichen Kontaktstücks ebenfalls eine zum Sockel weisende Kümpelung aufweist, die zur Kontaktierung mit dem zweiten festen Kontaktstück dient, das sich darunter am Sockel befindet.A preferred embodiment of the invention provides that the movable contact piece is designed as a triangle, its surface being curved in the form of a dome and resting with its corner points on the base, while its curved central region is at a distance from the base. The corner points can each have pits directed towards the base for better contact with the first fixed contact piece arranged on the base. In addition, it is advantageous if the curved central region of the triangular, movable contact piece also has a beading facing the base, which is used for contacting the second fixed contact piece, which is located underneath the base.

Eine zweckmäßige Ausführungsform sieht vor, daß das erste feste Kontaktstück dreigeteilt ist und an jedem der Eckpunkte des dreieckförmigen beweglichen Kontaktstücks angeordnet ist.An expedient embodiment provides that the first fixed contact piece is divided into three parts and is arranged at each of the corner points of the triangular movable contact piece.

Eine weitere Ausgestaltung der Erfindung sieht vor, daß die Stege zur Führung des beweglichen Kontaktstücks an dessen Seitenkanten, vorzugsweise mittig, d. h. bei halber Länge, angeordnet sind und in die korrespondierenden, darunter befindlichen Führungsbohrungen im Sockel eingreifen.A further embodiment of the invention provides that the webs for guiding the movable contact piece on its side edges, preferably in the center, ie. H. at half length, are arranged and engage in the corresponding guide holes located below in the base.

Aufgrund der vorgesehenen Werkstoffwahl ist das bewegliche Kontaktstück als monostabile, d. h. selbst rückstellende Kontaktfeder gestaltet, die in Ruhestellung den jeweiligen Kontakt öffnet.Due to the proposed choice of material, the movable contact piece is a monostable, i.e. H. self-resetting contact spring designed, which opens the respective contact in the rest position.

Der Sockel, der als Kontaktträger dient, kann entsprechend der Erfindung aus Hartpapier, z. B. Leiterplatten, oder einem anderen geeigneten Isolierwerkstoff, d. h. mit ausreichender elektrischer und mechanischer Festigkeit, gebildet sein, in welchem die festen Kontaktstücke eingespritzt oder mechanisch angebracht sind. Zur Verbindung mit der Peripherie des Schaltgeräts sind Leitungswege vorgesehen, die als Leiterbahnen, wie z. B. bei Leiterplatten üblich und bekannt, oder als in entsprechende Ausnehmungen, z. B. Nuten, eingelassene Stromleiter ausgebildet sein können und mit den festen Kontaktstücken galvanisch verbunden sind.The base, which serves as a contact carrier, can be made of hard paper, for. B. printed circuit boards, or another suitable insulating material, d. H. with sufficient electrical and mechanical strength, in which the fixed contact pieces are injected or mechanically attached. For connection to the periphery of the switching device, line paths are provided, which are used as conductor tracks, such as. B. common and known in printed circuit boards, or as in corresponding recesses, for. B. grooves, recessed conductors can be formed and are galvanically connected to the fixed contact pieces.

Ein wesentlicher Vorteil der erfindungsgemäßen Ausgestaltung des Schaltgeräts ist darin zu sehen, daß jede Kontaktstelle aus sehr wenigen Teilen besteht von denen lediglich das bewegliche Kontaktstück, wie die Bezeichnung besagt, beweglich ist, indem sein federelastischer Mittenbereich zum Schließen des Kontakts beaufschlagt wird und nach Entlastung selbsttätig zurückstellt, während die festen Kontaktstücke unverlierbar mit dem Sokkel verbunden sind. In dieser Gestaltung eignet sich das erfindungsgemäße Schaltgerät insbesondere für niedrige Schaltströme, wobei aber auch hohe Schaltströme beherrschbar sind.A major advantage of the configuration of the switching device according to the invention can be seen in the fact that each contact point consists of very few parts, of which only the movable contact piece, as the designation says, is movable by its spring-elastic central region being acted upon to close the contact and automatically after relief resets, while the fixed contact pieces are captively connected to the base. In this configuration, the switching device according to the invention is particularly suitable for low switching currents, but high switching currents can also be controlled.

Dabei gewährleistet die Vorsehung von Führungen in Verbindung mit der Rückstellcharakteristik des als dreieckförmige Kontaktfeder ausgebildeten beweglichen Kontaktstücks eine sichere Schaltfunktion.The provision of guides in conjunction with the resetting characteristic of the movable contact piece designed as a triangular contact spring ensures a reliable switching function.

Aufgrund der erfindungsgemäß vorgesehenen Formgebung des beweglichen Kontaktstücks mit spharisch gewölbter Dreieckfläche ergibt sich bei dessen Betätigung, d. h. bei Niederdrücken der Außenwölbung, zusätzlich der beabsichtigte Effekt, daß aufgrund der hierdurch hervorgerufenen geringfügigen Verschiebung der Eckpunkte die Kontaktfläche beim Schalten selbsttätig gereinigt werden und hierdurch Fehlkontakte unterbleiben.Due to the shape of the movable contact piece with a spherically curved triangular surface provided according to the invention, when it is actuated, H. when the outer curvature is depressed, additionally the intended effect that, due to the slight displacement of the corner points caused thereby, the contact surface is automatically cleaned when switching, and incorrect contacts are thereby avoided.

Die mittels angeformter Stege bewirkte Führung des beweglichen Kontaktstücks ist einerseits sehr einfach herzustellen und andererseits sehr zweckmäßig, da so eine Verlagerung des mittleren Kontaktes ausgeschlossen ist, während die zuvor erläuterte Kontaktreinigung der äußeren Kontakte dennoch gewährleistet ist.The guidance of the movable contact piece effected by means of integrally formed webs is on the one hand very easy to manufacture and on the other hand very expedient, since a displacement of the middle contact is thus excluded, while the previously described contact cleaning of the external contacts is nevertheless ensured.

Ein weiterer Vorteil besteht in der sehr kompakten Gestaltung und vielseitigen Anwendbarkeit des erfindungsgemäßen Schaltgeräts, die es gestattet auf kleinstem Raum eine Vielzahl von Schaltbetätigungen zu realisieren, sei es als Wipp-, Druck- oder als Schiebetaster ausgebildete Ein-oder Mehrwegetaster. Diese und weitere vorteilhafte Ausgestaltungen der Erfindung sind Gegenstand der Unteransprüche.Another advantage is the very compact design and versatile applicability of the switching device according to the invention, which allows a large number of switching operations to be carried out in the smallest space, whether as one-way or multi-way buttons designed as rocker buttons, push buttons or sliding buttons. These and other advantageous embodiments of the invention are the subject of the dependent claims.

Anhand eines in der Zeichnung dargestellten Ausführungsbeispieles sollen die Erfindung, vorteilhafte Ausgestaltungen und Verbesserungen sowie weitere Vorteile der Erfindung näher erläutert und beschrieben werden.The invention, advantageous refinements and improvements and further advantages of the invention are to be explained and described in more detail using an exemplary embodiment shown in the drawing.

Es zeigen:

  • Figur 1: eine Kontaktstelle eines erfindungsgemäßen Schaltgeräts im Längsschnitt
  • Figur 2: die Kontaktstelle gemäß Figur 1 in Draufsicht
Show it:
  • Figure 1: a contact point of a switching device according to the invention in longitudinal section
  • Figure 2: the contact point according to Figure 1 in plan view

In Figur 1 ist im Längsschnitt eine Kontaktstelle 10 eines elektrischen Schaltgeräts 12 dargestellt, welches insbesondere für den Einsatz in Kraftfahrzeugen sowie Einrichtungen mit vergleichbaren elektrischen Parametern vorgesehen ist. Aufgrund der konstruktiv vorgesehenen geringen Kontaktabstände, die dementsprechend zu kurzen Schaltwegen führen ist insbesondere der Kleinspannungsbereich bevorzugtes Anwendungsgebiet für dieses Schaltgerät.1 shows a longitudinal section of a contact point 10 of an electrical switching device 12, which is provided in particular for use in motor vehicles and devices with comparable electrical parameters. Because of the structurally provided small contact distances, which accordingly lead to short switching distances, the low-voltage range in particular is the preferred area of application for this switching device.

Die Kontaktstelle 10 im erfindungsgemäßen Schaltgerät 12 ist auf einem Sockel 14 angeordnet, der als Kontaktträger für elektrisch gegeneinander isolierte erste und zweite feste Kontaktstücke 16, 18 dient. Zu diesem Zweck besteht der Sockel 14 aus elektrisch nicht leitendem Material, z. b. Isolierwerktstoff, welches neben ausreichender elektrischer Festigkeit auch genügende mechanische Festigkeit aufweist.The contact point 10 in the switching device 12 according to the invention is arranged on a base 14 which serves as a contact carrier for first and second fixed contact pieces 16, 18 which are electrically insulated from one another. For this purpose, the base 14 consists of electrically non-conductive material, e.g. b. Insulating material which, in addition to having sufficient electrical strength, also has sufficient mechanical strength.

Zur Verbindung der im Ruhezustand elektrisch gegeneinander isolierten ersten und zweiten festen Kontaktstücke 16, 18 dient ein bewegliches Kontaktstück 20, das als Kontaktbrücke bei Betätigung durch Niederdrücken die beiden festen Kontaktstücke 16, 18 miteinander elektrisch leitend verbindet.A movable contact piece 20 is used to connect the first and second fixed contact pieces 16, 18, which are electrically insulated from one another in the idle state, and connects the two fixed contact pieces 16, 18 to one another in an electrically conductive manner as a contact bridge when pressed by depression.

Wie aus Figur 2 ersichtlich ist, besitzt das bewegliche Kontaktstück 20 Dreiecksform, wobei an den den Eckpunkten gegenüberliegenden Orten auf dem Sockel 14 das erste feste dreiteilig ausgeführte Kontaktstück 16 angeordnet ist, während in der Mitte des von den Eckpunkten eingeschlossenen Dreiecks das hiergegen isolierte zweite feste Kontaktstück 18 im Sockel 14 angeordnet ist. An jeder Dreiecksseite befindet sich auf halber Länge jeweils ein zum Sockel 14 gerichteter Steg 22, der im gezeigten Beispiel einstückig mit dem beweglichen Kontaktstück 20 verbunden ist und in eine korrespondierende Ausnehmung 24 im Sockel 14 eingreift. Diese Ausnehmung 24 ist als Bohrung hergestellt und dient als Führung für das bewegliche Kontaktstück 20, um sicherzustellen, daß die zweite feste Kontaktstelle 18 und die im beweglichen Kontaktstück 20 darüber befindliche, als Kümpelung 26 ausgebildete Kontaktfläche stets miteinander fluchten, und so eine sichere Kontaktierung gewährleistet ist.As can be seen from Figure 2, the movable contact piece 20 has a triangular shape, the first fixed three-part contact piece 16 being arranged at the locations opposite the corner points on the base 14, while in the center of the triangle enclosed by the corner points the second fixed piece isolated therefrom Contact piece 18 is arranged in the base 14. On each side of the triangle there is half a length of a web 22 directed towards the base 14, which in the example shown is integrally connected to the movable contact piece 20 and engages in a corresponding recess 24 in the base 14. This recess 24 is made as a bore and serves as a guide for the movable contact piece 20 to ensure that the second fixed contact point 18 and the contact surface 20 located above it, formed as a dimpling 26, are always flush with one another, and thus ensures reliable contacting is.

Die Eckbereiche des dreieckförmigen beweglichen Kontaktstücks 20 weisen ebenfalls jeweils eine Kümpelung 28, d. h. eine auf den Sockel 14 gerichtete Auswölbung, auf, die zur besseren Kontaktierung mit dem jeweils zugeordneten, auf dem Sockel 14 angeordneten ersten festen Kontaktstück 16 dient. In beiden Fällen, d. h. sowohl bei der Kümpelung 26 in Dreiecksmitte als auch bei den Kümpelungen 28 an den Eckpunkten des als gleichseitiges Dreieck ausgebildeten beweglichen Kontaktstücks 20 sind kalottenförmig, d. h. halbkugelförmig, ausgebildet und bieten so die Gewähr, daß unabhängig von der jeweiligen Lage des beweglichen Kontaktstücks 20 eine sichere Punktkontaktierung mit den zugeordneten ersten bzw. zweiten festen Kontaktstücken 16, 18 erfolgt.The corner areas of the triangular movable contact piece 20 also each have a dome 28, i. H. a bulge directed towards the base 14, which serves for better contacting with the respectively assigned first fixed contact piece 16 arranged on the base 14. In both cases, i.e. H. both in the conical shape 26 in the center of the triangle and in the conical shape 28 at the corner points of the movable contact piece 20, which is designed as an equilateral triangle, are dome-shaped, ie. H. hemispherical, designed and thus offer the guarantee that, regardless of the position of the movable contact piece 20, a reliable point contact with the associated first or second fixed contact pieces 16, 18 takes place.

Wie insbesondere aus Figur 1 ersichtlich ist, weist das bewegliche Kontaktstück 20 eine vom Sockel 14 weg gerichtete Auswölbung auf, die dem vorzugsweise aus federelastischem Flachmaterial als Stanz-Biegeteil hergestellten beweglichen Kontaktstück 20 bleibend aufgeprägt ist und so eine selbsttätige Rückstellung bewirkt. Wird also das bewegliche Kontaktstück in Richtung des Pfeiles F beaufschlagt, so erfolgt bei Entlastung des beweglichen Kontaktstücks 20 dessen Rückstellung in die in Figur 1 gezeigte Ausgangslage.As can be seen in particular from FIG. 1, the movable contact piece 20 has a bulge directed away from the base 14, which is permanently impressed on the movable contact piece 20, which is preferably made of resilient flat material as a stamped and bent part, and thus causes an automatic reset. Thus, if the movable contact piece is acted upon in the direction of arrow F, the movable contact piece 20 is relieved of its restoring to the starting position shown in FIG. 1.

Wie ferner aus Figur 2 ersichtlich ist, besitzt die Kontaktstelle 10 ein erstes festes Kontaktstück 16 mit drei Kontaktpunkten, die, wie gesagt an den Eckpunkten eines gleichseitigen Dreiecks angeordnet sind und mittels in dem Sockel 14 angeordneter Leitungswege 17 miteinander verbunden sind. Zum Anschluß der Kontaktstelle 10 mit der Peripherie, z. B. mit hier nicht näher dargestellten Anschlußkontakten des Schaltgeräts 12, ist eines der im Sockel 14 angeordneten ersten festen Kontaktstücke 16 mit einer ersten Anschlußleitung 30 und das zweite feste Kontaktstück 18 mit einer zweiten Anschlußleitung 32 verbunden. Der weitere Verlauf der ersten und zweiten Ahschlußleitungen 30, 32 ist im gezeigten Beispiel nicht näher dargestellt. So können diese Anschlußleiter 30, 32 sowohl als an der Oberfläche verlaufende Leiterbahnen als auch als Kontaktierungsstreifen ausgebildet sein, die beim Einbau in ein hier ebenfalls nicht näher dargestelltes Schaltergehäuse mit korrespondierenden Gegenkontaktflächen zusammenarbeiten und so die vorgesehene elektrische Funktion erfüllen.As can also be seen from FIG. 2, the contact point 10 has a first fixed contact piece 16 with three contact points which, as said, are arranged at the corner points of an equilateral triangle and are connected to one another by means of line paths 17 arranged in the base 14. To connect the contact point 10 with the periphery, for. B. with connection contacts of the switching device 12, not shown here, one of the first fixed contact pieces 16 arranged in the base 14 is connected to a first connecting line 30 and the second fixed contact piece 18 to a second connecting line 32. The further course of the first and second connecting lines 30, 32 is not shown in more detail in the example shown. Thus, these connecting conductors 30, 32 can be designed both as conductor tracks running on the surface and as contact strips which work together with corresponding mating contact surfaces when installed in a switch housing (also not shown here) and thus fulfill the intended electrical function.

Claims (11)

1. Elektrisches Schaltgerät (12), insbesondere Tastschalter zur Beaufschlagung oder Ansteuerung von Stellorganen für elektrisch betätigte Einrichtungen in Kraftfahrzeugen, mit einem Sockel (14) zur Aufnahme bzw. Anbringung von Schaltorganen, wie Kontaktstücke (16, 18, 20), dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Sockel (14) aus elektrisch nicht leitendem Material gebildet ist, und daß auf dem Sockel wenigstens eine Kontaktstelle (10) angeordnet ist, die von wenigstens einem ersten und einem zweiten festen Kontaktstück (16, 18) sowie einem beweglichen Kontaktstück (20) gebildet ist, welches bewegliche Kontaktstück (20) als Brükkenkontakt ausgebildet ist und zur zeitweiligen elektrischen Verbindung der festen Kontaktstücke (16, 18) dient.1. Electrical switching device (12), in particular push button switch for actuating or actuating actuators for electrically operated devices in motor vehicles, with a base (14) for receiving or attaching switching elements, such as contact pieces (16, 18, 20), characterized in that that the base (14) is formed from electrically non-conductive material, and that at least one contact point (10) is arranged on the base, which is composed of at least a first and a second fixed contact piece (16, 18) and a movable contact piece (20) is formed, which movable contact piece (20) is designed as a bridge contact and is used for the temporary electrical connection of the fixed contact pieces (16, 18). 2. Schaltgerät nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Sockel (14) mit wenigstens einer Führung (24) für das bewegliche Kontaktstück (20) versehen ist.2. Switching device according to claim 1, characterized in that the base (14) is provided with at least one guide (24) for the movable contact piece (20). 3. Schaltgerät nach Anspruch 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Führung (24) als Bohrung ausgebildet ist, die in den Sockel (14) eingelassen ist und in welche das bewegliche Kontaktstück (20) eingreift.3. Switching device according to claim 2, characterized in that the guide (24) is designed as a bore which is embedded in the base (14) and in which the movable contact piece (20) engages. 4. Schaltgerät nach einem der vorherigen Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das bewegliche Kontaktstück (20) wenigstens einen Steg (22) aufweist, der in die Führungsbohrung (24) eingreift.4. Switching device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the movable contact piece (20) has at least one web (22) which engages in the guide bore (24). 5. Schaltgerät nach einem der vorherigen Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der wenigstens eine Führungssteg (22) einstückig am beweglichen Kontaktstück (20) angeformt ist.5. Switching device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the at least one guide web (22) is integrally formed on the movable contact piece (20). 6. Schaltgerät nach einem der vorherigen Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das bewegliche Kontaktstück (20) dreieckförmig ausgebildet ist.6. Switching device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the movable contact piece (20) is triangular. 7. Schaltgerät nach einem der vorherigen Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das bewegliche Kontaktstück (20) kalottenförmig entgegen der Erstreckungsrichtung des Führungssteges (22) gewölbt ist.7. Switching device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the movable contact piece (20) is dome-shaped arched against the direction of extension of the guide web (22). 8. Schaltgerät nach einem der vorherigen Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das bewegliche Kontaktstück (20) aus Federwerkstoff hergestellt ist.8. Switching device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the movable contact piece (20) is made of spring material. 9. Schaltgerät nach Anspruch 6, 7 und 8, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das bewegliche Kontaktstück (20) selbstrückstellend ist.9. Switching device according to claim 6, 7 and 8, characterized in that the movable contact piece (20) is self-resetting. 10. Schaltgerät nach einem der vorherigen Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das bewegliche Kontaktstück (20) in Richtung der daran angeordneten Stege (22) weisende Kümpelungen (26, 28) aufweist.10. Switching device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the movable contact piece (20) in the direction of webs (22) arranged thereon and having carcasses (26, 28). 11. Schaltgerät nach einem der vorherigen Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß an jedem Eckpunkt des dreieckförmigen beweglichen Kontaktstücks (20) eine erste Kümpelung (26) und in der Mitte der Dreiecksfläche eine zweite Kümpelung (28) angeordnet sind, welche der kalottenförmigen Wölbung entgegengerichtet sind und mit den am Sockel angeordneten ersten und zweiten festen Kontaktstükken (16, 18) korrespondieren.11. Switching device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that at each corner point of the triangular movable contact piece (20) a first piling (26) and in the middle of the triangular surface a second piling (28) are arranged which are opposite to the dome-shaped curvature and correspond to the first and second fixed contact pieces (16, 18) arranged on the base.
EP93119412A 1992-12-14 1993-12-02 Switchgear Expired - Lifetime EP0602462B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19924242100 DE4242100B4 (en) 1992-12-14 1992-12-14 Electrical switching device
DE4242100 1992-12-14
DE9300501U 1993-01-21
DE9300501U DE9300501U1 (en) 1992-12-14 1993-01-21

Publications (2)

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EP0602462A1 true EP0602462A1 (en) 1994-06-22
EP0602462B1 EP0602462B1 (en) 1996-10-23

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EP93119412A Expired - Lifetime EP0602462B1 (en) 1992-12-14 1993-12-02 Switchgear

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DE (2) DE9300501U1 (en)
ES (1) ES2098637T3 (en)

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE19940543A1 (en) * 1999-08-26 2001-03-01 Abb Patent Gmbh Electrical switch device for motor vehicle, has moving contact with dished parts which rest on insulating base having guide holes for pins of moving contact
DE102006010811B4 (en) 2006-03-07 2018-03-01 Huf Hülsbeck & Fürst Gmbh & Co. Kg Switching element and actuator so that as well as door handle with this actuator
WO2017172630A1 (en) 2016-03-30 2017-10-05 Shanghai Yanfeng Jinqiao Automotive Trim Systems Co. Ltd Mechanism for console assembly

Citations (4)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3796843A (en) * 1973-01-02 1974-03-12 Bomar Instr Corp Calculator keyboard switch with disc spring contact and printed circuit board
US4319099A (en) * 1979-05-03 1982-03-09 Atari, Inc. Dome switch having contacts offering extended wear
US4352963A (en) * 1980-08-05 1982-10-05 Texas Instruments Incorporated Low profile microswitches, particularly useful for the composition of keyboards and method of making
DE3931722C1 (en) * 1989-09-22 1990-12-20 Trw Messmer Gmbh & Co Kg, 7760 Radolfzell, De Vehicle sunroof switch and push mechanism - has pivot-mounted actuator button, and switch actuator pins in sliding block

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3796843A (en) * 1973-01-02 1974-03-12 Bomar Instr Corp Calculator keyboard switch with disc spring contact and printed circuit board
US4319099A (en) * 1979-05-03 1982-03-09 Atari, Inc. Dome switch having contacts offering extended wear
US4352963A (en) * 1980-08-05 1982-10-05 Texas Instruments Incorporated Low profile microswitches, particularly useful for the composition of keyboards and method of making
DE3931722C1 (en) * 1989-09-22 1990-12-20 Trw Messmer Gmbh & Co Kg, 7760 Radolfzell, De Vehicle sunroof switch and push mechanism - has pivot-mounted actuator button, and switch actuator pins in sliding block

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DE9300501U1 (en) 1993-04-01
DE59304291D1 (en) 1996-11-28
ES2098637T3 (en) 1997-05-01
EP0602462B1 (en) 1996-10-23

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