EP0594016A1 - Method for transferring a liquid from a solid to another solid and device for performing such a method - Google Patents

Method for transferring a liquid from a solid to another solid and device for performing such a method Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0594016A1
EP0594016A1 EP93116390A EP93116390A EP0594016A1 EP 0594016 A1 EP0594016 A1 EP 0594016A1 EP 93116390 A EP93116390 A EP 93116390A EP 93116390 A EP93116390 A EP 93116390A EP 0594016 A1 EP0594016 A1 EP 0594016A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
solid
depressions
dimensionally stable
liquid medium
resilient
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Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP93116390A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0594016B1 (en
Inventor
Johannes Dipl.-Ing. Hicker
Erwin Johnen
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Felix Boettcher GmbH and Co KG
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Felix Bottcher & Co GmbH
Felix Boettcher GmbH and Co KG
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B41—PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
    • B41N—PRINTING PLATES OR FOILS; MATERIALS FOR SURFACES USED IN PRINTING MACHINES FOR PRINTING, INKING, DAMPING, OR THE LIKE; PREPARING SUCH SURFACES FOR USE AND CONSERVING THEM
    • B41N7/00—Shells for rollers of printing machines
    • B41N7/06—Shells for rollers of printing machines for inking rollers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B41—PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
    • B41F—PRINTING MACHINES OR PRESSES
    • B41F31/00—Inking arrangements or devices
    • B41F31/26—Construction of inking rollers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B41—PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
    • B41F—PRINTING MACHINES OR PRESSES
    • B41F9/00—Rotary intaglio printing presses
    • B41F9/06—Details
    • B41F9/061—Inking devices
    • B41F9/063—Using inking rollers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B42—BOOKBINDING; ALBUMS; FILES; SPECIAL PRINTED MATTER
    • B42C—BOOKBINDING
    • B42C9/00—Applying glue or adhesive peculiar to bookbinding
    • B42C9/0006—Applying glue or adhesive peculiar to bookbinding by applying adhesive to a stack of sheets
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B41—PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
    • B41N—PRINTING PLATES OR FOILS; MATERIALS FOR SURFACES USED IN PRINTING MACHINES FOR PRINTING, INKING, DAMPING, OR THE LIKE; PREPARING SUCH SURFACES FOR USE AND CONSERVING THEM
    • B41N2207/00—Location or type of the layers in shells for rollers of printing machines
    • B41N2207/02—Top layers

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a method for transferring liquid media from a first solid to a second solid, which has a surface structure, and an apparatus for carrying out this method.
  • Brushes and paint brushes are usually used to apply liquid media to solids.
  • other roller-shaped bodies are also used to transfer liquid media, in particular printing inks, to the printing rollers, for example so-called rinsing rollers in the gravure printing process.
  • the liquid printing medium usually printing ink
  • the so-called gravure cylinder contains surface structures such as "cups" that are filled with the printing ink in question. If the printing ink is brought to the rotogravure cylinder by the priming roller in the gravure printing process, plush-related rollers or rubberized rollers with a groove profile grinded in the circumferential direction are used for this.
  • the printing ink is drawn into the plush cover and excess ink is then rolled into the wells on the gravure cylinder.
  • the situation is similar with the rubber rollers, which have profiles in the direction of rotation. Ink is transported on the gravure cylinder in the grooves of the profile.
  • the disadvantage is more serious that plush-related rollers slip through the liquid pressure in front of the nip. This does not guarantee an even rinsing.
  • cleaning and re-covering the rollers with plush covers is relatively complex.
  • the groove profile can overlay the printed image so that the groove profile can be reproduced in the printed products.
  • DE 37 06 011 A1 discloses a short inking unit in which the ink to be transferred on a plate cylinder can be controlled in accordance with the respective ink requirement by using an anilox roller with a compressible carrier layer.
  • the deformation of the well depth of the carrier layer causes a change in volume and thus a change in the amount of paint to be transferred.
  • the inking unit is used in the so-called anilox process in flexographic printing or in letterpress printing.
  • GB-PS 729 561 relates to improvements in printing processes by using a roller with a stochastic surface, which is intended to prevent the formation of an over pattern by superimposing two uniform patterns. Rinse rollers for the gravure printing process, however, are not mentioned.
  • the object on which the invention is based is to provide a method and to create a device which avoids the disadvantages of the prior art mentioned at the outset and enables better transfer of a liquid medium from one solid to the other.
  • the method according to the invention for transferring liquid media in a first solid to a second solid advantageously uses the effects that result from the stochastic surface structure of the first solid, which transfers the liquid medium to the second.
  • Sufficient liquid medium is brought to the second solid through the depressions in the surface of the first solid so that the latter is sufficiently wetted with liquid medium. Due to the elastic behavior of the surface of the first solid, the profile of the first solid formed by the depressions is compressed in the gap between the first and second solid. This creates a hydrostatic pressure in this gap, because the washed-on liquid medium is pushed outwards. The hydrostatic pressure pushes the liquid medium into the recesses of the second solid.
  • the prerequisite here is that the total volume of the depressions of the second solid is less than that of the first solid. So much liquid can be transferred that all the wells are filled.
  • liquid media other than printing ink for example liquid adhesives such as contact adhesive or glue
  • liquid adhesives such as contact adhesive or glue
  • the device according to the invention which is particularly suitable for carrying out the method according to the invention, either consists entirely of a flexible but dimensionally stable material or at least consists of a surface layer made of a flexible but dimensionally stable material. This material has depressions in the surface which form an irregular, random (stochastic) pattern and have a roughness depth R z > 20 ⁇ m.
  • the R z value is defined in accordance with DIN 4768.
  • the device according to the invention preferably forms a cylindrical body such as a single-layer or multi-layer roller or sleeve. At least the outermost layer of the cylindrical body is formed from the resilient but dimensionally stable material.
  • elastomeric materials such as poly-urethanes, synthetic and natural-based gums, block copolymers and the like have proven themselves as surface materials.
  • elastomeric materials come into consideration such as polyacrylate rubber (short name according to ASTM D-1418-79 ACM), chloropolyethylene rubber (CM), chlorosulphonyl polyethylene rubber (CSM), ethylene propylene diene rubber (EPDM) , Ethylene-propylene rubber (EPM) and fluorine rubber (FKM).
  • polyacrylate rubber short name according to ASTM D-1418-79 ACM
  • CM chloropolyethylene rubber
  • CSM chlorosulphonyl polyethylene rubber
  • EPDM ethylene propylene diene rubber
  • EPM Ethylene-propylene rubber
  • FKM fluorine rubber
  • rubbers of the so-called M group with saturated carbon main chains those of the so-called O group with oxygen in the main chain, such as epichlorohydrin rubber (CO), epichlorohydrin copolymer rubber (ECO) and propylene oxide copolymer rubber ( GPO); rubbers of the so-called R group which have an unsaturated hydrocarbon chain, such as butadiene rubber (BR), chloroprene rubber (CR), isobutene-isoprene rubber (IIR), bromobutyl rubber (BIIR), chlorobutyl rubber, are also suitable (CIIR), isoprene rubber (IR), nitrile butadiene rubber (NBR), natural rubber (NR) and styrene butadiene rubber (SBR).
  • BR butadiene rubber
  • CR chloroprene rubber
  • IIR isobutene-isoprene rubber
  • BIIR bromobutyl rubber
  • chlorobutyl rubber are also suitable (CIIR), is
  • types of rubber of the so-called Q group are considered which have silicone in the main chain. These are fluoro-silicone rubber (FVMQ), methyl-phenyl-silicone rubber (PMQ), methyl-phenyl-vinyl-silicone rubber (PVMQ), methyl-silicone rubber (MQ) and Methyl vinyl silicone rubber (VMQ);
  • FVMQ fluoro-silicone rubber
  • PMQ methyl-phenyl-silicone rubber
  • PVMQ methyl-phenyl-vinyl-silicone rubber
  • MQ methyl-silicone rubber
  • Methyl vinyl silicone rubber VMQ
  • U group of rubbers which have carbon, oxygen and nitrogen in the main chain, come into consideration, such as polyester urethanes (AU) and polyether urethanes (EU).
  • the thickness of this layer is greater than the roughness depth.
  • the surface structures form an irregular random (stochastic) pattern.
  • Surface structures can be distinguished in terms of the size of the depressions and elevations and in terms of their arrangement on the surface. Closed profiles are used when the elevations are not interrupted in the sense of contour lines, whereas open profiles are used when the elevations are fundamentally interrupted by depressions. It has been found that closed profile structures are better suited for the transfer of liquids with a low surface tension, whereas open fine profiles are more favorable for liquids with a higher surface tension. Closed profile structures also build up the pressure for transferring the liquid medium into the second solid better, since the liquid medium cannot easily escape from the grooves. On the other hand, there is a better entrainment effect of the liquid medium with open groove structures.
  • the receptivity of the surface of the device according to the invention with the stochastic surface structure is advantageously approximately twice the volume of the medium ultimately to be transferred.
  • the absorption capacity of the surface is preferably at least 10 ml / m 2.
  • the invention Device covered with an elastic coating (rubber or plastic) that is so thick that the elastic properties of the material, which ensures the flexible evasion of the fabric under pressure from the employment against a harder body, can be used.
  • the surface of the solid body for transfer is structured in such a way that a certain amount of the liquid medium to be transferred can be carried in the depressions of the surface of the solid body.
  • the raised parts in the surface structure of the device according to the invention are preferably dimensioned such that they cannot penetrate into the recesses in the structure of the second solid, for example the gravure cylinder, in order not to squeeze out the cells of the gravure cylinder.
  • the pitch of the device according to the invention and the rotogravure cylinder to each other is chosen so that the elastic surface of the device according to the invention dodges flexibly and the pitch between the device and the gravure cylinder is widened.
  • the medium Due to the evasion of the elastic coating in the contact gap, especially the relatively small raised elements of the surface structure of the device according to the invention, the medium inevitably gets into the depressions of the surface structure of the second solid, for example the gravure cylinder.
  • the entrained liquid medium experiences an increase in the hydrostatic pressure compared to the normal state.
  • the liquid medium to be transferred is forced into the depressions in the surface structure of the second solid, for example the gravure cylinder.
  • the amount of the liquid medium to be transferred can be adjusted by the choice of the surface condition, in particular the absorption capacity of the surface of the device according to the invention.
  • the structure in the surface of the device according to the invention ensures a frictional connection Take away through the second solid, for example the gravure cylinder.
  • Figures 1 to 3 show different surface patterns of the device according to the invention.
  • 1 shows a rough profile with a profile depth of 0.5 to 1.0 mm as a closed stochastic surface pattern.
  • FIGS. 2 and 3 show open grain patterns as an open stochastic surface structure.
  • the open grain grid shown in FIG. 2 shows a finer structure than that in FIG. 3.
  • the surface structure of the device according to the invention is preferably produced by means of laser-optical processes.
  • a template having a stochastic pattern is transferred to the surface of the device according to the invention by marking with a laser beam.
  • the outer surface can be provided with a stochastic surface in order to then be joined together with other parts to form the device according to the invention.
  • the device according to the invention When the device according to the invention is used in the printing industry, the following criteria have been found to be positive: in the light area, the amount of missing dots that occur is less in comparison to feed rollers with a regular surface structure; the use of the devices according to the invention as wash-on rollers lead to a higher ink density (layer thickness of the ink measured by reflection) of the print, which is up to 20% higher than when used without the wash-on profile according to the invention; the devices according to the invention as pre-wash rollers can be used in printing units with or without electrostatic pressure support. Furthermore, the lower tendency to spray of the spray roller provided with the surface according to the invention and the higher printing speeds that can be achieved thereby have an advantageous effect.

Abstract

A method for transferring liquid media from a first solid to a second solid which has a surface structure, the liquid medium firstly being conveyed by the first solid, which has a resilient, but dimensionally stable surface, into depressions in the surface of the first solid, said depressions forming an irregular, random (stochastic) pattern, and the resilient, but dimensionally stable surface of the first solid being deformed due to pressure resulting from contact with the second solid in such a way that the liquid medium is transferred, due to the pressure effect thus involved, from the stochastically distributed depressions in the first solid into the depressions in the surface of the second solid. The device for carrying out the method according to the invention is constructed either completely or at least on the surface from a resilient, but dimensionally stable material and has a surface structure which forms an irregular, random (stochastic) pattern with a peak-to-valley height of Rz > 20 mu m. <IMAGE>

Description

Gegenstand der vorliegenden Erfindung ist ein Verfahren zur Übertragung flüssiger Medien von einem ersten Festkörper auf einen zweiten Festkörper, der eine Oberflächenstruktur aufweist sowie eine Vorrichtung zur Durchführung dieses Verfahrens.The present invention relates to a method for transferring liquid media from a first solid to a second solid, which has a surface structure, and an apparatus for carrying out this method.

Zur Auftragung von flüssigen Medien auf Festkörper werden üblicherweise Bürsten und Pinsel verwendet. Im Bereich der Drucktechnik werden zur Übertragung von flüssigen Medien, insbesondere Druckfarben, auf die Druckwalzen auch andere walzenförmige Körper verwendet, so zum Beispiel im Tiefdruckverfahren sogenannte Anspülwalzen. Dabei wird das flüssige Druckmedium, üblicherweise Druckfarbe, aus dem Farbbehälter durch die Anspülwalze aufgenommen und auf den Tiefdruckzylinder übertragen. Der sogenannte Tiefdruckzylinder enthält Oberflächenstrukturen wie beispielsweise "Näpfchen", die mit der betreffenden Druckfarbe gefüllt werden. Sofern im Tiefdruckverfahren die Druckfarbe durch die Anspülwalze an den Tiefdruckzylinder verbracht wird, werden dafür plüschbezogene Walzen oder gummierte Walzen mit in Umfangsrichtung eingeschliffenem Rillenprofil eingesetzt. Bei den plüschbezogenen Walzen zieht die Druckfarbe in den Plüschbezug ein und überschüssige Farbe wird dann durch Abrollen auf dem Tiefdruckzylinder in die Näpfchen gebracht. Ähnlich verhält es sich mit den Gummiwalzen, die Profile in Umlaufrichtung aufweisen. In den Rillen des Profils wird Farbe auf den Tiefdruckzylinder transportiert.Brushes and paint brushes are usually used to apply liquid media to solids. In the field of printing technology, other roller-shaped bodies are also used to transfer liquid media, in particular printing inks, to the printing rollers, for example so-called rinsing rollers in the gravure printing process. The liquid printing medium, usually printing ink, is taken up from the ink container by the priming roller and transferred to the gravure cylinder. The so-called gravure cylinder contains surface structures such as "cups" that are filled with the printing ink in question. If the printing ink is brought to the rotogravure cylinder by the priming roller in the gravure printing process, plush-related rollers or rubberized rollers with a groove profile grinded in the circumferential direction are used for this. With the plush-related rollers, the printing ink is drawn into the plush cover and excess ink is then rolled into the wells on the gravure cylinder. The situation is similar with the rubber rollers, which have profiles in the direction of rotation. Ink is transported on the gravure cylinder in the grooves of the profile.

Als Nachteil der bisher eingesetzten Anspülwalzen wirkt sich beispielsweise das Ausflusen der plüschbezogenen Walzen aus. Gravierender ist jedoch der Nachteil, daß plüschbezogene Walzen durch den Flüssigkeitsdruck vor dem Walzenspalt durchrutschen. Dadurch ist eine gleichmäßige Anspülung nicht gewährleistet. Außerdem ist das Reinigen und Neubeziehen der Walzen mit Plüschbezügen relativ aufwendig. Bei geschliffenen Profilwalzen, zum Beispiel solchen mit Rillenprofilen, kann das Rillenprofil das Druckbild überlagern, so daß in den Druckerzeugnissen das Rillenprofil abgebildet werden kann.A disadvantage of the pre-wash rollers used up to now, for example, is the outflow of the plush-related rollers. However, the disadvantage is more serious that plush-related rollers slip through the liquid pressure in front of the nip. This does not guarantee an even rinsing. In addition, cleaning and re-covering the rollers with plush covers is relatively complex. In the case of ground profile rollers, for example those with groove profiles, the groove profile can overlay the printed image so that the groove profile can be reproduced in the printed products.

Aus der DE 37 06 011 A1 geht ein Kurzfarbwerk hervor, bei dem die auf einem Plattenzylinder zu übertragende Farbe entsprechend dem jeweiligen Farbbedarf gesteuert werden kann, indem eine Rasterwalze mit einer kompressiblen Trägerschicht verwendet wird. Dabei erfolgt durch Deformierung der Näpfchentiefe der Trägerschicht eine Volumenveränderung und somit eine Veränderung der zu übertragenden Farbmenge. Dabei handelt es sich um eine sogenannte Rasterwalze, die nur eine definierte Farbmenge zu übertragen hat. Es handelt sich hierbei um eine Dosiereinrichtung.DE 37 06 011 A1 discloses a short inking unit in which the ink to be transferred on a plate cylinder can be controlled in accordance with the respective ink requirement by using an anilox roller with a compressible carrier layer. The deformation of the well depth of the carrier layer causes a change in volume and thus a change in the amount of paint to be transferred. It is a so-called anilox roller that only has to transfer a defined amount of ink. This is a dosing device.

Diese Walze soll also dafür sorgen, daß keine Überfüllung auf der Walze erfolgt, die mit Farbe versorgt werden soll. Das Farbwerk wird im sogenannten Anilox-Verfahren im Flexodruck oder im Hochdruck eingesetzt.This roller should ensure that there is no overfilling on the roller that is to be supplied with ink. The inking unit is used in the so-called anilox process in flexographic printing or in letterpress printing.

Die GB-PS 729 561 betrifft Verbesserungen von Druckverfahren durch Verwendung einer Walze mit stochastischer Oberfläche, wodurch das Entstehen eines Übermuster durch Überlagerung zweier gleichmäßiger Muster verhindert werden soll. Anspülwalzen für das Tiefdruckverfahren werden jedoch nicht erwähnt.GB-PS 729 561 relates to improvements in printing processes by using a roller with a stochastic surface, which is intended to prevent the formation of an over pattern by superimposing two uniform patterns. Rinse rollers for the gravure printing process, however, are not mentioned.

Die für das Beispiel der Druckindustrie beschriebenen Nachteile ergeben sich für alle entsprechenden Anwendungsbereiche, in denen flüssige Medien von einem Festkörper auf einen zweiten Festkörper übertragen werden.The disadvantages described for the example of the printing industry arise for all corresponding areas of application in which liquid media are transferred from one solid to a second solid.

Die der Erfindung zugrundeliegende Aufgabe besteht darin, ein Verfahren bereitzustellen und eine Vorrichtung zu schaffen, die die eingangs genannten Nachteile des Standes der Technik vermeidet und eine bessere Übertragung eines flüssigen Mediums von einem Festkörper auf den anderen ermöglichen.The object on which the invention is based is to provide a method and to create a device which avoids the disadvantages of the prior art mentioned at the outset and enables better transfer of a liquid medium from one solid to the other.

Erfindungsgemäß gelöst wird diese Aufgabe durch ein Verfahren gemäß den Merkmalen des Anspruchs 1. Die Unteransprüche 2 und 3 betreffen bevorzugte Ausführungsformen des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens. Der Anspruch 4 betrifft eine Vorrichtung zur Durchführung des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens, wobei die folgenden Unteransprüche bevorzugte Ausführungsformen der erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung darstellen.This object is achieved according to the invention by a method according to the features of claim 1. Subclaims 2 and 3 relate to preferred embodiments of the method according to the invention. Claim 4 relates to a device for carrying out the method according to the invention, the following subclaims representing preferred embodiments of the device according to the invention.

Das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren zur Übertragung flüssiger Medien in einem ersten Festkörper auf einen zweiten Festkörper nutzt in vorteilhafter Weise die Effekte, die sich aus der stochastischen Oberflächenstruktur des ersten Festkörpers, der das flüssige Medium auf den zweiten überträgt, ergibt. Durch die Vertiefungen in der Oberfläche des ersten Festkörpers wird ausreichend flüssiges Medium an den zweiten Festkörper herangebracht, so daß dieser mit flüssigem Medium ausreichend benetzt wird. Durch das elastische Verhalten der Oberfläche des ersten Festkörpers wird das durch die Vertiefungen gebildete Profil des ersten Festkörpers im Spalt zwischen dem ersten und zweiten Festkörper zusammengedrückt. Dadurch entsteht ein hydrostatischer Druck in diesem Spalt, da das angespülte flüssige Medium nach außen gedrückt wird. Das flüssige Medium wird durch den hydrostatischen Druck in die Vertiefungen des zweiten Festkörpers gedrückt. Die Voraussetzung dabei ist jeweils, daß das Gesamtvolumen der Vertiefungen des zweiten Festkörpers geringer ist als dasjenige des ersten Festkörpers. Dann kann soviel Flüssigkeit übertragen werden, daß sämtliche Vertiefungen gefüllt werden.The method according to the invention for transferring liquid media in a first solid to a second solid advantageously uses the effects that result from the stochastic surface structure of the first solid, which transfers the liquid medium to the second. Sufficient liquid medium is brought to the second solid through the depressions in the surface of the first solid so that the latter is sufficiently wetted with liquid medium. Due to the elastic behavior of the surface of the first solid, the profile of the first solid formed by the depressions is compressed in the gap between the first and second solid. This creates a hydrostatic pressure in this gap, because the washed-on liquid medium is pushed outwards. The hydrostatic pressure pushes the liquid medium into the recesses of the second solid. The prerequisite here is that the total volume of the depressions of the second solid is less than that of the first solid. So much liquid can be transferred that all the wells are filled.

Übertragen auf die Probleme, die in der Druckindustrie auftreten, bedeutet dies, daß durch die Vertiefung in den Profilen der Anspülwalze immer ausreichende Mengen an Druckfarbe an den Tiefdruckzylinder gebracht werden, so daß ein zwangsweises Befüllen der Näpfchen des Tiefdruckzylinders gewährleistet wird. Dabei sorgen die hochstehenden Profilteile der Anspülwalze für ein ausreichendes kraftschlüssiges Mitnahmeverhalten der Anspülwalze durch den Tiefdruckzylinder. Das elastische Verhalten der elastischen aber formstabilen Oberfläche gewährleistet das Zusammendrücken des Profils im Walzenspalt. Dadurch entsteht ein hydrostatischer Druck im Walzenspalt, da die angespülte Farbe nach außen gedrückt wird. Die Druckfarbe wird durch den hydrostatischen Druck in das Näpfchen gepreßt. Vorteilhaft wirkt sich dabei aus, daß Restfarbe, die im Näpfchen verblieben ist und nicht auf die Druckvorlage übertragen wurde, ausgespült wird. Die Anspülwalze läßt sich leicht mit entsprechenden Lösemitteln reinigen.Applied to the problems that occur in the printing industry, this means that the indentation in the profiles of the feed roller always brings sufficient amounts of printing ink to the rotogravure cylinder, so that a forced filling of the wells of the rotogravure cylinder is ensured. The upstanding profile parts of the feed roller ensure sufficient frictional entrainment behavior of the feed roller through the gravure cylinder. The elastic behavior of the elastic but dimensionally stable surface ensures that the profile is compressed in the nip. This creates a hydrostatic pressure in the nip, as the washed-up ink is pressed outwards. The printing ink is pressed into the well by the hydrostatic pressure. It has an advantageous effect that residual ink which has remained in the well and has not been transferred to the print template is rinsed out. The pre-wash roller can be easily cleaned with appropriate solvents.

In einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens können neben Druckfarben auch andere flüssige Medien als Druckfarbe, so zum Beispiel flüssige Kleber wie Haftkleber oder Leim, auf andere Gegenstände übertragen werden. Die erfindungsgemäße Vorrichtung, die insbesondere zur Durchführung des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens geeignet ist, besteht entweder vollständig aus einem nachgiebigen aber formstabilen Material oder besteht mindestens aus einer Oberflächenschicht aus einem nachgiebigen aber formstabilen Material. Dieses Material weist in der Oberfläche Vertiefungen auf, die ein unregelmäßiges, zufälliges (stochastisches) Muster bilden und eine Rauhtiefe Rz > 20 µm aufweist. Der Rz Wert ist gemäß DIN 4768 definiert.In a preferred embodiment of the method according to the invention, in addition to printing inks, liquid media other than printing ink, for example liquid adhesives such as contact adhesive or glue, can also be transferred to other objects. The device according to the invention, which is particularly suitable for carrying out the method according to the invention, either consists entirely of a flexible but dimensionally stable material or at least consists of a surface layer made of a flexible but dimensionally stable material. This material has depressions in the surface which form an irregular, random (stochastic) pattern and have a roughness depth R z > 20 µm. The R z value is defined in accordance with DIN 4768.

Als Festkörper kommen alle zur Übertragung von flüssigen Medien geeignete dreidimensionale Gestaltungen in Betracht. Vorzugsweise bildet die erfindungsgemäße Vorrichtung einen zylindrischen Körper wie eine ein- oder mehrschichtige Walze oder Hülse. Dabei ist mindestens die äußerste Schicht des zylindrischen Körpers aus dem nachgiebigen aber formstabilen Material geformt. Als Oberflächenmaterialien haben sich insbesondere elastomere Werkstoffe wie Poly-Urethane, Gummen auf synthetischer und natürlicher Basis, Blockcopolymerisate und ähnliche bewährt.All three-dimensional designs suitable for the transmission of liquid media are suitable as solid bodies. The device according to the invention preferably forms a cylindrical body such as a single-layer or multi-layer roller or sleeve. At least the outermost layer of the cylindrical body is formed from the resilient but dimensionally stable material. In particular, elastomeric materials such as poly-urethanes, synthetic and natural-based gums, block copolymers and the like have proven themselves as surface materials.

Insbesondere kommen die folgenden elastomeren Materialien in Betracht wie Polyacrylat-Kautschuk (Kurzbezeichnung nach ASTM D-1418-79 ACM), Chlorpolyethylen-Kautschuk (CM), Chlorsulphonyl-Polyethylen-Kautschuk (CSM), Ethylen-Propylen-Dien-Kautschuk (EPDM), Ethylen-Propylen-Kautschuk (EPM) und Fluor-Kautschuk (FKM). Neben den vorgenannten Kautschuken der sogenannten M-Gruppe mit gesättigten Kohlenstoff-Hauptketten kommen insbesondere solche der sogenannten O-Gruppe mit Sauerstoff in der Hauptkette in Betracht wie Epichlorhydrin-Kautschuk (CO), Epichlorhydrin-Copolymer-Kautschuk (ECO) und PropylenoxidCopolymer-Kautschuk (GPO); weiterhin kommen Kautschuke der sogenannten R-Gruppe in Betracht, die eine ungesättigte Kohlenwasserstoffkette aufweisen wie Butadien-Kautschuk (BR), Chlorpren-Kautschuk (CR), Isobuten-Isopren-Kautschuk (IIR), Brombutyl-Kautschuk (BIIR), Chlorbutyl-Kautschuk (CIIR), Isopren-Kautschuk (IR), Nitril-Butadien-Kautschuk (NBR), Natur-Kautschuk (NR) und Styrol-Butadien-Kautschuk (SBR). Des weiteren kommen Kautschukarten der sogenannten Q-Gruppe in Betracht, die Silicon in der Hauptkette aufweisen. Dies sind Fluor-Silicon-Kautschuk (FVMQ), Methyl-Phenyl-Silicon-Kautschuk (PMQ), Methyl-Phenyl-Vinyl-Silicon-Kautschuk (PVMQ), Methyl-Silicon-Kautschuk (MQ) und Methyl-Vinyl-Silicon-Kautschuk (VMQ); daneben kommen aus der sogenannten U-Gruppe der Kautschukarten, die Kohlenstoff, Sauerstoff und Stickstoff in der Hauptkette aufweisen, die folgenden in Betracht wie Polyester-Urethane (AU) sowie Polyether-Urethane (EU).In particular, the following elastomeric materials come into consideration such as polyacrylate rubber (short name according to ASTM D-1418-79 ACM), chloropolyethylene rubber (CM), chlorosulphonyl polyethylene rubber (CSM), ethylene propylene diene rubber (EPDM) , Ethylene-propylene rubber (EPM) and fluorine rubber (FKM). In addition to the abovementioned rubbers of the so-called M group with saturated carbon main chains, those of the so-called O group with oxygen in the main chain, such as epichlorohydrin rubber (CO), epichlorohydrin copolymer rubber (ECO) and propylene oxide copolymer rubber ( GPO); rubbers of the so-called R group which have an unsaturated hydrocarbon chain, such as butadiene rubber (BR), chloroprene rubber (CR), isobutene-isoprene rubber (IIR), bromobutyl rubber (BIIR), chlorobutyl rubber, are also suitable (CIIR), isoprene rubber (IR), nitrile butadiene rubber (NBR), natural rubber (NR) and styrene butadiene rubber (SBR). Furthermore, types of rubber of the so-called Q group are considered which have silicone in the main chain. These are fluoro-silicone rubber (FVMQ), methyl-phenyl-silicone rubber (PMQ), methyl-phenyl-vinyl-silicone rubber (PVMQ), methyl-silicone rubber (MQ) and Methyl vinyl silicone rubber (VMQ); In addition, the following from the so-called U group of rubbers, which have carbon, oxygen and nitrogen in the main chain, come into consideration, such as polyester urethanes (AU) and polyether urethanes (EU).

Sofern nur die äußerste Schicht aus den genannten Materialien aufgebaut ist, ist es vorteilhaft, daß die Dicke dieser Schicht größer ist als die Rauhtiefe.If only the outermost layer is built up from the materials mentioned, it is advantageous that the thickness of this layer is greater than the roughness depth.

Die Oberflächenstrukturen bilden ein unregelmäßiges zufälliges (stochastisches) Muster. Dabei können Ober flächenstrukturen hinsichtlich der Größe der Vertiefungen und Erhebungen sowie hinsichtlich deren Anordnung auf der Oberfläche unterschieden werden. Von geschlossenen Profilen ist dann die Rede, wenn die Erhebungen quasi im Sinne von Höhenlinien in sich nicht unterbrochen sind, während von offenen Profilen gesprochen wird, wenn die Erhebungen grundsätzlich durch Vertiefungen unterbrochen sind. So hat sich herausgestellt, daß zur Übertragung von Flüssigkeiten mit geringer Oberflächenspannung geschlossene Profilstrukturen besser geeignet sind, wohingegen offene Feinprofile für Flüssigkeiten mit höherer Oberflächenspannung günstiger sind. Geschlossene Profilstrukturen bauen auch den Druck zur Übertragung des flüssigen Mediums in den zweiten Festkörper besser auf, da das flüssige Medium aus den Rillen nicht ohne weiteres entweichen kann. Auf der anderen Seite findet sich bei offenen Rillenstrukturen ein besserer Mitnahmeeffekt des flüssigen Mediums.The surface structures form an irregular random (stochastic) pattern. Surface structures can be distinguished in terms of the size of the depressions and elevations and in terms of their arrangement on the surface. Closed profiles are used when the elevations are not interrupted in the sense of contour lines, whereas open profiles are used when the elevations are fundamentally interrupted by depressions. It has been found that closed profile structures are better suited for the transfer of liquids with a low surface tension, whereas open fine profiles are more favorable for liquids with a higher surface tension. Closed profile structures also build up the pressure for transferring the liquid medium into the second solid better, since the liquid medium cannot easily escape from the grooves. On the other hand, there is a better entrainment effect of the liquid medium with open groove structures.

Vorteilhafterweise beträgt die Aufnahmefähigkeit der Oberfläche der erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung mit der stochastischen Oberflächenstruktur etwa das Doppelte Volumen des letztlich zu übertragenden Mediums. Vorzugsweise beträgt die Aufnahmefähigkeit der Oberfläche mindestens 10 ml/m².The receptivity of the surface of the device according to the invention with the stochastic surface structure is advantageously approximately twice the volume of the medium ultimately to be transferred. The absorption capacity of the surface is preferably at least 10 ml / m 2.

Für den Bereich der Druckindustrie wird die erfindungsgemäße Vorrichtung mit einer elastischen Beschichtung (Gummi oder Kunststoff) bekleidet, die so dick ist, daß die elastischen Eigenschaften des Materials, die das flexible Ausweichen des Stoffes auf Druckbelastung aus der Anstellung gegen einen härteren Körper gewährleistet, genutzt werden können. Die Oberfläche des Festkörpers zur Übertragung wird so strukturiert, daß eine bestimmte Menge des zu übertragenden flüssigen Mediums in den Vertiefungen der Oberfläche des Festkörpers mitgenommen werden kann. Vorzugsweise sind die erhabenen Teile in der Oberflächenstruktur der erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung so dimensioniert, daß sie nicht in die Vertiefungen der Struktur des zweiten Festkörpers, zum Beispiel des Tiefdruckzylinders, eindringen können, um die Näpfchen des Tiefdruckzylinders nicht auszuquetschen.For the field of the printing industry, the invention Device covered with an elastic coating (rubber or plastic) that is so thick that the elastic properties of the material, which ensures the flexible evasion of the fabric under pressure from the employment against a harder body, can be used. The surface of the solid body for transfer is structured in such a way that a certain amount of the liquid medium to be transferred can be carried in the depressions of the surface of the solid body. The raised parts in the surface structure of the device according to the invention are preferably dimensioned such that they cannot penetrate into the recesses in the structure of the second solid, for example the gravure cylinder, in order not to squeeze out the cells of the gravure cylinder.

Der Anstellweg der erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung und dem Tiefdruckzylinder zueinander wird so gewählt, daß die elastische Oberfläche der erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung flexibel ausweicht und der Anstellspalt zwischen Vorrichtung und Tiefdruckzylinder verbreitert wird.The pitch of the device according to the invention and the rotogravure cylinder to each other is chosen so that the elastic surface of the device according to the invention dodges flexibly and the pitch between the device and the gravure cylinder is widened.

Durch das Ausweichen der elastischen Beschichtung im Anstellspalt, vor allem der relativ kleinen erhabenen Elemente der Oberflächenstruktur der erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung, gerät das Medium zwangsweise in die Vertiefungen der Oberflächenstruktur des zweiten Festkörpers, beispielsweise des Tiefdruckzylinders. Das mitgeschleppte flüssige Medium erfährt eine Erhöhung des hydrostatischen Druckes gegenüber dem Normalzustand. Dadurch wird das zu übertragende flüssige Medium zwangsweise in die Vertiefungen der Oberflächenstruktur des zweiten Festkörpers, zum Beispiel des Tiefdruckzylinders, gepreßt. Durch die Wahl der Oberflächenbeschaffenheit, insbesondere der Aufnahmefähigkeit der Oberfläche der erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung, läßt sich die Menge des zu übertragenden flüssigen Mediums einstellen. Darüber hinaus gewährleistet die Struktur in der Oberfläche der erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung (Profilierung) ein kraftschlüssiges Mitnehmen durch den zweiten Festkörper, zum Beispiel den Tiefdruckzylinder.Due to the evasion of the elastic coating in the contact gap, especially the relatively small raised elements of the surface structure of the device according to the invention, the medium inevitably gets into the depressions of the surface structure of the second solid, for example the gravure cylinder. The entrained liquid medium experiences an increase in the hydrostatic pressure compared to the normal state. As a result, the liquid medium to be transferred is forced into the depressions in the surface structure of the second solid, for example the gravure cylinder. The amount of the liquid medium to be transferred can be adjusted by the choice of the surface condition, in particular the absorption capacity of the surface of the device according to the invention. In addition, the structure in the surface of the device according to the invention (profiling) ensures a frictional connection Take away through the second solid, for example the gravure cylinder.

Die Figuren 1 bis 3 zeigen verschiedene Oberflächenmuster der erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung. Dabei zeigt Figur 1 ein Grobprofil mit einer Profiltiefe von 0,5 bis 1,0 mm als geschlossenes stochastisches Oberflächenmuster. Die Figuren 2 und 3 zeigen hingegen offene Kornmuster als offene stochastische Oberflächenstruktur. Dabei zeigt das in Figur 2 dargestellte offene Kornraster eine feinere Struktur als dasjenige in Figur 3.Figures 1 to 3 show different surface patterns of the device according to the invention. 1 shows a rough profile with a profile depth of 0.5 to 1.0 mm as a closed stochastic surface pattern. In contrast, FIGS. 2 and 3 show open grain patterns as an open stochastic surface structure. The open grain grid shown in FIG. 2 shows a finer structure than that in FIG. 3.

Die Oberflächenstruktur der erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung wird vorzugsweise mittels laseroptischen Verfahren hergestellt. Dabei wird eine ein stochastisches Muster aufweisende Vorlage durch Markieren mittels eines Laserstrahls auf die Oberfläche der erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung übertragen. Alternativ kann die äußere Oberfläche mit einer stochastischen Oberfläche versehen werden, um danach mit anderen Teilen zur erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung zusammengefügt zu werden.The surface structure of the device according to the invention is preferably produced by means of laser-optical processes. A template having a stochastic pattern is transferred to the surface of the device according to the invention by marking with a laser beam. Alternatively, the outer surface can be provided with a stochastic surface in order to then be joined together with other parts to form the device according to the invention.

Bei Anwendung der erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung in der Druckindustrie haben sich die folgenden Kriterien als positiv herausgestellt: Im Lichterbereich ist die Menge der auftretenden Missing-Dots im Vergleich zu Anspülwalzen mit regelmäßiger Oberflächenstruktur geringer; die Verwendung der erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtungen als Anspülwalzen führen zu einer höheren Farbdichte (durch Reflektion gemessene Schichtdicke der Farbe) des Drucks, die bis zu 20 % höher liegt als bei der Verwendung ohne erfindungsgemäße Anspülprofil; die erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtungen als Anspülwalzen können bei Druckwerken mit oder ohne elektrostatischer Druckunterstützung eingesetzt werden. Weiterhin wirkt sich die geringere Spritzneigung der mit der erfindungsgemäßen Oberfläche versehenen Ansprühwalze und die damit erzielbaren höheren Druckgeschwindigkeiten vorteilhaft aus.When the device according to the invention is used in the printing industry, the following criteria have been found to be positive: in the light area, the amount of missing dots that occur is less in comparison to feed rollers with a regular surface structure; the use of the devices according to the invention as wash-on rollers lead to a higher ink density (layer thickness of the ink measured by reflection) of the print, which is up to 20% higher than when used without the wash-on profile according to the invention; the devices according to the invention as pre-wash rollers can be used in printing units with or without electrostatic pressure support. Furthermore, the lower tendency to spray of the spray roller provided with the surface according to the invention and the higher printing speeds that can be achieved thereby have an advantageous effect.

Claims (10)

Verfahren zur Übertragung flüssiger Medien von einem ersten Festkörper auf einen zweiten Festkörper, der eine Oberflächenstruktur aufweist, wobei das flüssige Medium durch den ersten Festkörper, der eine nachgiebige, aber formstabile Oberfläche aufweist, zunächst in Vertiefungen der Oberfläche des ersten Festkörpers transportiert wird, wobei diese Vertiefungen ein unregelmäßiges zufälliges (stochastisches) Muster bilden und durch aus Berührung mit dem zweiten Festkörper resultierenden Druck die nachgiebige, aber formstabile Oberfläche des ersten Festkörpers derart verformt wird, daß das flüssige Medium durch die damit verbundene Druckeinwirkung aus den stochastisch verteilten Vertiefungen des ersten Festkörpers in die Vertiefungen der Oberfläche des zweiten Festkörpers verbracht wird.Method for transferring liquid media from a first solid to a second solid which has a surface structure, the liquid medium first being transported through the first solid, which has a resilient but dimensionally stable surface, in depressions in the surface of the first solid, the latter Indentations form an irregular random (stochastic) pattern and the resilient but dimensionally stable surface of the first solid is deformed by pressure resulting from contact with the second solid such that the liquid medium from the stochastically distributed depressions of the first solid in due to the associated pressure the depressions of the surface of the second solid are brought. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, wobei das flüssige Medium Druckfarbe, der erste Festkörper eine Anspülwalze und der zweite Festkörper ein Tiefdruckzylinder ist.A method according to claim 1, wherein the liquid medium is printing ink, the first solid is a wash-up roller and the second solid is an intaglio cylinder. Verfahren nach Anspruch 2, wobei das flüssige Medium ein Kleber wie Haftkleber oder Leim ist, mit dem Gegenstände versehen werden.The method of claim 2, wherein the liquid medium is an adhesive such as pressure sensitive adhesive or glue with which objects are provided. Vorrichtung zur Durchführung des Verfahrens nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, die entweder vollständig aus einem nachgiebigen, aber formstabilen Material bestehen oder oberflächlich ein solches Material aufweisen und in Mustern angeordnete Vertiefungen aufweisen, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Vertiefungen in der Oberfläche der Vorrichtung ein unregelmäßiges, zufälliges (stochastisches) Muster bilden und eine Rauhtiefe Rz > 20 µm, insbesondere > 50 µm, aufweisen.Device for carrying out the method according to one of claims 1 to 3, which either consist entirely of a resilient but dimensionally stable material or have such a material on the surface and have depressions arranged in patterns, characterized in that the depressions in the surface of the device are irregular , form a random (stochastic) pattern and a roughness depth R z > 20 µm, in particular> 50 µm. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß sie einen zylindrischen Körper bildet, der entweder ganz aus dem nachgiebigen oder formstabilen Material geformt ist oder dessen Oberfläche aus dem nachgiebigen oder formstabilen Material gefertigt ist, dessen Dicke größer ist als die Rauhtiefe der Vertiefungen.Apparatus according to claim 4, characterized in that it forms a cylindrical body which is either entirely formed from the compliant or dimensionally stable material or the surface of which is made of the compliant or dimensionally stable material, the thickness of which is greater than the roughness depth of the depressions. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der zylindrische Körper eine ein- oder mehrschichtig aufgebaute Walze oder Hülse ist.Apparatus according to claim 5, characterized in that the cylindrical body is a single or multi-layered roller or sleeve. Vorrichtung nach mindestens einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die nachgiebige, aber formstabile Oberfläche aus elastischen Werkstoffen wie elastomeren Kunststoffen, Kautschuken der M-, O-, R-, Q- sowie U-Gruppe, besteht.Device according to at least one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the resilient but dimensionally stable surface consists of elastic materials such as elastomeric plastics, rubbers of the M, O, R, Q and U groups. Vorrichtung nach mindestens einem der Ansprüche 4 bis 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Oberflächenstruktur aus einem offenen oder geschlossenen stochastisch verteilten Muster der Vertiefungen besteht.Device according to at least one of claims 4 to 7, characterized in that the surface structure consists of an open or closed stochastically distributed pattern of the depressions. Vorrichtung nach mindestens einem der Ansprüche 4 bis 8, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Oberfläche ein Flüssigkeitsvolumen von etwa dem Doppelten des Volumens des zu übertragenden Mediums aufnehmen kann.Device according to at least one of claims 4 to 8, characterized in that the surface can hold a liquid volume of approximately twice the volume of the medium to be transferred. Vorrichtung nach mindestens einem der Ansprüche 4 bis 9, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Oberfläche mindestens 10 ml/m² aufnehmen kann.Device according to at least one of claims 4 to 9, characterized in that the surface can absorb at least 10 ml / m².
EP93116390A 1992-10-22 1993-10-09 Method for transferring a liquid from a solid to another solid and device for performing such a method Expired - Lifetime EP0594016B1 (en)

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DE4235586A DE4235586C2 (en) 1992-10-22 1992-10-22 Process for transferring liquid media from a pre-wash roller to a gravure cylinder and device for carrying out the process
DE4235586 1992-10-22

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DE4235586C2 (en) 1998-08-20
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EP0594016B1 (en) 1996-01-17
DE4235586A1 (en) 1994-04-28

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