EP0534839A1 - Control and monitoring process for a lighting equipment - Google Patents

Control and monitoring process for a lighting equipment Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0534839A1
EP0534839A1 EP92402600A EP92402600A EP0534839A1 EP 0534839 A1 EP0534839 A1 EP 0534839A1 EP 92402600 A EP92402600 A EP 92402600A EP 92402600 A EP92402600 A EP 92402600A EP 0534839 A1 EP0534839 A1 EP 0534839A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
control
installation according
lighting
discharge lamp
lighting installation
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Granted
Application number
EP92402600A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0534839B1 (en
Inventor
Christian Corn
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Electricite de France SA
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Electricite de France SA
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Publication of EP0534839A1 publication Critical patent/EP0534839A1/en
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B41/00—Circuit arrangements or apparatus for igniting or operating discharge lamps
    • H05B41/14—Circuit arrangements
    • H05B41/36—Controlling
    • H05B41/38—Controlling the intensity of light
    • H05B41/40—Controlling the intensity of light discontinuously
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B47/00—Circuit arrangements for operating light sources in general, i.e. where the type of light source is not relevant
    • H05B47/20—Responsive to malfunctions or to light source life; for protection
    • H05B47/21—Responsive to malfunctions or to light source life; for protection of two or more light sources connected in parallel
    • H05B47/22—Responsive to malfunctions or to light source life; for protection of two or more light sources connected in parallel with communication between the lamps and a central unit

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to lighting networks such as road lighting networks and more generally public lighting; for reasons of reliability and cost-effectiveness, high-pressure metal vapor discharge lamps are used, such as mercury vapor or sodium vapor lamps.
  • the lamps are distributed in groups each supplied by a supply line and controlled by a common switch. There is no possibility of controlling each lamp individually or of modulating its level of lighting.
  • This possibility of modulating the lighting level is particularly advantageous for lighting networks of communication channels. Indeed, in the middle of the night the traffic is reduced and the lighting can be reduced, which led, in certain cases to extinguish one lamp out of two in the middle of the night.
  • the network voltage varies in significant proportions; for example, the voltage can increase by 10% during off-peak hours at night, which further increases the lighting level at times when there is no need for strong lighting. It is therefore desirable to be able to control the lighting level of the lamps.
  • monitoring a public lighting network requires a "tour" during which the maintenance agents observe all the lamps which must be lit for this inspection. This requires either an operation at night, or switching on the network in broad daylight for its verification.
  • this examination can only detect defective lamps which no longer light up, but it did not provide information on the state of the lamp; in particular, it is desirable to detect the aging of the lamps, which decreases their level of lighting.
  • European patent application 319 440 describes a device for detecting malfunctions of lamps; each lamp is associated with a current detector acting on an oscillator when the consumed current drops below a certain level.
  • the oscillator the frequency of which is characteristic of the lamp in question, sends a signal by carrier current over the supply network to a supply cabinet which is connected by a telephone link to a central monitoring computer.
  • Such a device makes it possible to detect only the failure to light the lamps and it gives no indication as to their state. In particular, this device gives no indication as to the aging of the lamp.
  • the present invention proposes to provide a lighting installation in which each lamp can be individually controlled by controlling its lighting level and monitored automatically as regards its operating state, and which does not require a network of specific food.
  • the subject of the present invention is an electrical lighting installation comprising discharge lamps supplied by a medium frequency oscillator which is provided with a starting circuit and which is controlled by a direct voltage supplied by a generator.
  • DC voltage comprising in particular a storage capacitor, the charging current of which is controlled by a self-inductance, and a switch connected in series with said storage capacitor, characterized in that it comprises, for each discharge lamp, a generator-igniter module which comprises the oscillator and the ignition circuit and which is arranged near the discharge lamp and a supply and control module which comprises the DC voltage generator, a circuit for controlling the oscillator and a circuit for detecting the average direct current delivered by said DC voltage generator and which is permanently connected to the power supply network, in that the generator-initiator module is connected to the power supply and control module by a direct current power transmission line and in that all the power and control modules are connected, by a gate current link ur on the electrical power network, to a lighting control and monitoring unit.
  • the DC voltage generator with storage capacitor and self-inductance switch provides a DC voltage free from interference which can therefore be transmitted by a simple two-wire line from the power supply and control module to the generator-initiator module.
  • This allows in particular to have the power supply and control module away from the generator-igniter module, in accessible locations while the generator-igniter module is for example placed at the top of a candelabra.
  • the power supplied by the medium frequency oscillator which may for example be constituted by a current-controlled series push-pull oscillator, is controlled by the voltage supplied by the power supply and control module.
  • each lamp can be controlled individually by its power supply and control module.
  • the control and monitoring unit can therefore control and monitor each of the lamps in the installation separately.
  • This control and monitoring unit can be linked to a centralized control station by a switched telephone network. It can be arranged in an electrical energy distribution station such as a medium voltage / low voltage station.
  • the power supply and control module is connected to the electrical energy network by means of a circuit for filtering network disturbances.
  • the lighting installation according to the invention does not require a specific supply line since each of the supply and control modules is directly connected permanently to the general electrical energy network.
  • control circuit of the oscillator controls the DC voltage generator so that it provides several DC voltage levels which each correspond to a lamp lighting level.
  • the present invention also relates to a method for controlling the aforementioned installation, characterized in that, when a discharge lamp is started, the voltage supplied by the DC voltage generator is the predetermined voltage corresponding to the lighting level the weakest.
  • This arrangement makes it possible to reduce the stresses on the discharge lamp and, consequently, to increase its service life.
  • the invention also relates to a method for monitoring a lamp of an installation of the aforementioned type, which is characterized in that, during the operation of the discharge lamp, the value indicated by the mean DC detector is compared with a setpoint corresponding to the chosen lighting level and in that, in the case where the value indicated by the detection circuit of the average direct current delivered exhibits a variation greater than a predetermined threshold with respect to the setpoint, the module power supply and control produces alarm information which can be transmitted to the lighting control and monitoring unit.
  • This alarm information warns the control and monitoring unit and, possibly, the centralized control station of the aging of the lamp in question.
  • the aforementioned comparison is carried out with a certain delay with respect to the instant of ordering the ignition, for example after about twenty minutes, so as to monitor the lamp in the absence of any transient phenomenon.
  • the pilot power supply module when the power supply and control module issues an order to start the discharge lamp, if the value indicated by the detection circuit of the average direct current delivered is less than a value of predetermined threshold, the pilot power supply module produces alarm information which can be transmitted to the control and monitoring unit.
  • FIG. 1 represents a lighting installation comprising high-pressure discharge lamps with metal vapor, for example sodium vapor lamps, only three of which, marked 10, 20 and 30, have been shown.
  • the lighting installation is supplied by an electrical energy network comprising for example a medium voltage-low voltage distribution station 1 comprising a transformer 2 disposed between a medium voltage line 3 and low voltage outlets 4.4 ′ and 4 ⁇ .
  • each lamp is supplied directly on the low voltage network, for example on the feeder 4, by means of a power supply and control module 11, respectively 21 and 31, which is permanently connected on the low network tension 4 by a two-wire connection.
  • Each of the power and control modules comprises in particular a DC voltage generator which supplies, via a two-wire DC power supply line 12, respectively 22 and 32, a DC voltage to a generator module.
  • igniter 13, respectively 23 and 33 essentially comprising a medium voltage oscillator controlled by the voltage supplied by the power supply and control module and supplying the lamp 10 respectively 20 and 30.
  • Each power supply and control module is connected by carrier current link on the low voltage network to a control and monitoring unit of the lighting installation 5 which is also permanently connected to the low voltage network and which is located at the start of the lighting network.
  • This control and monitoring unit 5 can for example be housed in a cabinet located in the vicinity of the distribution station 1.
  • This lighting control and monitoring unit is itself connected to a centralized control station 6 which is for example equipped with a computer 7 and 8.8 ′ and 8 ⁇ interfaces each connected to a control and monitoring.
  • the connection between the interface 8 and the control and monitoring unit 5 is carried out by means of a switched telephone network 9.
  • the connection between the control and monitoring unit 5 and the centralized control station 6 can also be carried out by a radio link or by a dedicated link.
  • FIG. 2 represents a lamp 10 with its supply assembly constituted by the supply and control module 11 and the generator-igniter module 13.
  • the latter essentially comprises a medium frequency oscillator 14 and a starting circuit 15 which are controlled by the direct voltage supplied by the two-wire line 12.
  • This DC voltage is supplied by a DC voltage generator 16 which is arranged in the power supply and control module 11, the output of which is constituted by the two-wire line 12.
  • the power and control module 11 is connected to the network 4 the voltage of which is sent to the generator 16 via a circuit 17 for protection against disturbances from the network, in particular the harmonic components.
  • This circuit 17 also includes a protection against overcurrents constituted for example by a fuse.
  • the power supply and control module 11 comprises a circuit 18 for communication by carrier current and it is therefore also connected to the low voltage network 4.
  • This transmission circuit 18 is also connected to a conditioning interface 19.
  • This conditioning interface 19 manages the transmissions with the control and monitoring unit 5, it transmits the commands and the set values to a circuit 24 controlling the DC voltage generator 16 and it transmits the information provided by a circuit 25 of control and diagnosis at the control and monitoring unit 5.
  • This control and diagnosis circuit 25 essentially comprises a detector of the mean value of the direct current supplied by the generator 16 to the generator-initiator module 13 by the line 12.
  • the power supply and control module 11 also includes a circuit 26 for immunization against short cuts in the power supply network.
  • This immunization circuit is a safety circuit that blocks the operation of the storage capacitor charge circuit to eliminate the possible effects of a brief power outage.
  • the operation of the installation which has just been described is as follows; the lighting programs and instructions for each installation are prepared in the centralized control station 6 and sent to each control and monitoring unit 5 which sends orders of the operating instructions to each of the lamps 10, 20 and 30; the orders are specific for each of the lamps and it is therefore possible to adjust the lighting as required; you can program the operation so that the lighting is maximum during peak hours and reduced in the middle of the night during off-peak hours.
  • the circuits used in the two modules make it possible to obtain a reference power independently of the value of the network voltage without having to fear micro-cuts or brownouts.
  • the setpoint power corresponds to the lowest level and, when the lamp is on, a new command is obtained to obtain the desired level of illumination.
  • the ignition order is deleted after a predetermined time.
  • the metering of the energy absorbed by the lighting installation is carried out directly in the centralized control station. In fact, there is no need for a counter since the different levels of illumination correspond to a predetermined power consumption and it suffices to know the operating program of a lamp to determine its consumption.
  • the voltage supplied to each lamp is precisely controlled to obtain a predetermined level of lighting; This results in energy savings, for example during off-peak hours. Being able to operate the lamps at reduced power significantly increases their lifespan, which further increases the profitability of the installation.

Abstract

Electric lighting installation including discharge lamps (10) comprising, for each discharge lamp (10), a generator/starter module (13) including an oscillator and a starter circuit and arranged near the lamp and a supply and drive module (11) including a DC voltage generator, a circuit for controlling the oscillator and a circuit for detecting the mean direct current delivered by the generator and which is permanently plugged into the network (4), the two modules being linked by a DC power transmission line (12), all the supply and drive modules (11) being linked, by a current-carrier connection with the network (4), to a lighting control and monitoring unit (5). <IMAGE>

Description

La présente invention concerne les réseaux d'éclairage tels que les réseaux d'éclairage des routes et plus généralement l'éclairage public; pour des raisons de fiabilité et de rentabilité, on utilise des lampes à décharge à haute pression à vapeur métallique, telles que les lampes à vapeur de mercure ou à vapeur de sodium.The present invention relates to lighting networks such as road lighting networks and more generally public lighting; for reasons of reliability and cost-effectiveness, high-pressure metal vapor discharge lamps are used, such as mercury vapor or sodium vapor lamps.

Actuellement, dans les installations d'éclairage public, les lampes sont réparties en goupes alimentés chacun par une ligne d'alimentation et commandés par un interrupteur commun. Il n'y a pas de possibilité de commander individuellement chaque lampe ni de moduler son niveau d'éclairage.Currently, in public lighting installations, the lamps are distributed in groups each supplied by a supply line and controlled by a common switch. There is no possibility of controlling each lamp individually or of modulating its level of lighting.

Cette possibilité de moduler le niveau d'éclairage est particulièrement intéressante pour les réseaux d'éclairage de voies de communication. En effet, en pleine nuit le trafic est réduit et l'éclairage peut être réduit, ce qui a amené, dans certains cas à éteindre une lampe sur deux en pleine nuit.This possibility of modulating the lighting level is particularly advantageous for lighting networks of communication channels. Indeed, in the middle of the night the traffic is reduced and the lighting can be reduced, which led, in certain cases to extinguish one lamp out of two in the middle of the night.

Ceci est aggravé par le fait que la tension du réseau varie dans des proportions importantes ; par exemple la tension peut augmenter de 10% pendant les heures creuses de la nuit, ce qui augmente encore le niveau d'éclairage à des périodes où il n'est pas nécessaire d'avoir un éclairage puissant. Il est donc souhaitable de pouvoir commander le niveau d'éclairage des lampes.This is aggravated by the fact that the network voltage varies in significant proportions; for example, the voltage can increase by 10% during off-peak hours at night, which further increases the lighting level at times when there is no need for strong lighting. It is therefore desirable to be able to control the lighting level of the lamps.

En ce qui concerne la maintenance, la surveillance d'un réseau d'éclairage public nécessite une "tournée" au cours de laquelle les agents de maintenance observent l'ensemble des lampes qui doivent être allumées pour cette inspection. Ceci nécessite soit une opération de nuit, soit l'allumage en plein jour du réseau pour sa vérification.With regard to maintenance, monitoring a public lighting network requires a "tour" during which the maintenance agents observe all the lamps which must be lit for this inspection. This requires either an operation at night, or switching on the network in broad daylight for its verification.

De toute façon, cet examen ne peut que détecter les lampes défectueuses qui ne s'allument plus, mais il ne permait pas d'avoir une information sur l'état de la lampe ; en particulier, il est souhaitable de détecter le vieillissement des lampes, qui diminue leur niveau d'éclairage.In any case, this examination can only detect defective lamps which no longer light up, but it did not provide information on the state of the lamp; in particular, it is desirable to detect the aging of the lamps, which decreases their level of lighting.

La demande de brevet européen 319 440 décrit un dispositif de détection des défauts de fonctionnement des lampes ; à chaque lampe est associé un détecteur de courant agissant sur un oscillateur lorsque le courant consommé descend en dessous d'un certain niveau. L'oscillateur dont la fréquence est caractéristique de la lampe considérée envoie un signal par courant porteur sur le réseau d'alimentation à une armoire d'alimentation qui est reliée par une liaison téléphonique à un ordinateur central de surveillance.European patent application 319 440 describes a device for detecting malfunctions of lamps; each lamp is associated with a current detector acting on an oscillator when the consumed current drops below a certain level. The oscillator, the frequency of which is characteristic of the lamp in question, sends a signal by carrier current over the supply network to a supply cabinet which is connected by a telephone link to a central monitoring computer.

Un tel dispositif ne permet de détecter que le défaut d'allumage des lampes et il ne donne aucune indication quant à leur état. En particulier, ce dispositif ne donne aucune indication quant au vieillissement de la lampe.Such a device makes it possible to detect only the failure to light the lamps and it gives no indication as to their state. In particular, this device gives no indication as to the aging of the lamp.

Un autre inconvénient des installations d'éclairage actuel est qu'elles nécessitent une ligne d'alimentation spécifique munie d'un compteur d'énergie électrique pour pouvoir connaître la consommation électrique de l'installation concernée.Another drawback of current lighting installations is that they require a specific supply line provided with an electric energy meter in order to be able to know the electric consumption of the installation concerned.

La présente invention se propose de fournir une installation d'éclairage dans laquelle chaque lampe peut être commandée individuellement en contrôlant son niveau d'éclairage et surveillée de manière automatique en ce qui concerne son état de fonctionnement, et qui ne nécessite pas de réseau d'alimentation spécifique.The present invention proposes to provide a lighting installation in which each lamp can be individually controlled by controlling its lighting level and monitored automatically as regards its operating state, and which does not require a network of specific food.

A cet effet, la présente invention a pour objet une installation d'éclairage électrique comportant des lampes à décharge alimentées par un oscillateur à moyenne fréquence qui est muni d'un circuit d'amorçage et qui est commandé par une tension continue fournie par un générateur de tension continue comportant notamment un condensateur de stockage, dont le courant de charge est commandé par une self-inductance, et un commutateur branchés en série avec ledit condensateur de stockage, caractérisée en ce qu'elle comprend, pour chaque lampe à décharge, un module générateur-amorceur qui comporte l'oscillateur et le circuit d'amorçage et qui est disposé à proximité de la lampe à décharge et un module d'alimentation et de pilotage qui comporte le générateur de tension continue, un circuit de commande de l'oscillateur et un circuit de détection du courant continu moyen délivré par ledit générateur de tension continue et qui est branché en permanence sur le réseau d'alimentation électrique, en ce que le module générateur-amorceur est relié au module d'alimentation et de pilotage par une ligne de transmission d'énergie à courant continu et en ce que tous les modules d'alimentation et de pilotage sont reliés, par une liaison à courant porteur sur le réseau d'énergie électrique, à une unité de commande et de surveillance de l'éclairage.To this end, the subject of the present invention is an electrical lighting installation comprising discharge lamps supplied by a medium frequency oscillator which is provided with a starting circuit and which is controlled by a direct voltage supplied by a generator. DC voltage comprising in particular a storage capacitor, the charging current of which is controlled by a self-inductance, and a switch connected in series with said storage capacitor, characterized in that it comprises, for each discharge lamp, a generator-igniter module which comprises the oscillator and the ignition circuit and which is arranged near the discharge lamp and a supply and control module which comprises the DC voltage generator, a circuit for controlling the oscillator and a circuit for detecting the average direct current delivered by said DC voltage generator and which is permanently connected to the power supply network, in that the generator-initiator module is connected to the power supply and control module by a direct current power transmission line and in that all the power and control modules are connected, by a gate current link ur on the electrical power network, to a lighting control and monitoring unit.

L'utilisation d'un générateur de tension continue à capacité de stockage commandant un oscillateur à moyenne fréquence permet d'alimenter la lampe à décharge de manière indépendante des perturbations du réseau, en particulier des chutes de tension ou des microcoupures;
ce dispositif d'alimentation est décrit dans le brevet français 2 627 911 dont le texte est incorporé dans la présente demande à titre de référence.The use of a DC voltage generator with storage capacity controlling a medium frequency oscillator enables the discharge lamp to be supplied independently of network disturbances, in particular voltage drops or micro-cuts;
this supply device is described in French patent 2,627,911, the text of which is incorporated in the present application for reference.

Dans un tel dispositif d'alimentation, seul l'oscillateur à moyenne fréquence crée des perturbations, en particulier par rayonnement, et le fait de disposer cet oscillateur au voisinage immédiat de la lampe permet d'éliminer très facilement ces perturbations.In such a power supply device, only the medium frequency oscillator creates disturbances, in particular by radiation, and the fact of having this oscillator in the immediate vicinity of the lamp makes it possible to very easily eliminate these disturbances.

Par contre, le générateur de tension continue à condensateur de stockage et commutateur de self-inductance fournit une tension continue ne présentant pas de parasites qui peut donc être transmise par une simple ligne bifilaire du module d'alimentation et de pilotage au module du générateur-amorceur. Ceci permet en particulier de disposer le module d'alimentation et de pilotage loin du module générateur-amorceur, dans des endroits accessibles alors que le module générateur-amorceur est par exemple disposé en haut d'un candélabre.On the other hand, the DC voltage generator with storage capacitor and self-inductance switch provides a DC voltage free from interference which can therefore be transmitted by a simple two-wire line from the power supply and control module to the generator-initiator module. This allows in particular to have the power supply and control module away from the generator-igniter module, in accessible locations while the generator-igniter module is for example placed at the top of a candelabra.

La puissance fournie par l'oscillateur à moyenne fréquence, qui peut être par exemple constituée par un oscillateur push-pull série commandé en courant, est commandée par la tension fournie par le module d'alimentation et de pilotage. Il en résulte que chaque lampe peut être commandée de manière individuelle par son module d'alimentation et de pilotage.The power supplied by the medium frequency oscillator, which may for example be constituted by a current-controlled series push-pull oscillator, is controlled by the voltage supplied by the power supply and control module. As a result, each lamp can be controlled individually by its power supply and control module.

L'unité de commande et de surveillance peut donc commander et surveiller chacune des lampes de l'installation séparément. Cette unité de commande et de surveillance peut être reliée à un poste de commande centralisée par un réseau téléphonique commuté. Elle peut être disposée dans un poste de distribution d'énergie électrique tel qu'un poste moyenne tension/basse tension.The control and monitoring unit can therefore control and monitor each of the lamps in the installation separately. This control and monitoring unit can be linked to a centralized control station by a switched telephone network. It can be arranged in an electrical energy distribution station such as a medium voltage / low voltage station.

Avantageusement, le module d'alimentation et de pilotage est branché sur le réseau d'énergie électrique par l'intermédiaire d'un circuit de filtrage des perturbations du réseau.Advantageously, the power supply and control module is connected to the electrical energy network by means of a circuit for filtering network disturbances.

L'installation d'éclairage selon l'invention ne nécessite pas de ligne d'alimentation spécifique puisque chacun des modules d'alimentation et de pilotage est directement relié en permanence au réseau général d'énergie électrique.The lighting installation according to the invention does not require a specific supply line since each of the supply and control modules is directly connected permanently to the general electrical energy network.

Selon une autre caractéristique de l'invention, le circuit de commande de l'oscillateur commande le générateur de tension continue de manière que celui-ci fournisse plusieurs niveaux de tension continue qui correspondent chacun à un niveau d'éclairage de la lampe.According to another characteristic of the invention, the control circuit of the oscillator controls the DC voltage generator so that it provides several DC voltage levels which each correspond to a lamp lighting level.

Avantageusement, on prévoit trois niveaux d'éclairage de 50%,75% et 100%.Advantageously, three lighting levels of 50%, 75% and 100% are provided.

La présente invention concerne également un procédé de commande de l'installation précitée caractérisée en ce que, lors de l'amorçage d'une lampe à décharge, la tension fournie par le générateur de tension continue est la tension prédéterminée correspondant au niveau d'éclairage le plus faible.The present invention also relates to a method for controlling the aforementioned installation, characterized in that, when a discharge lamp is started, the voltage supplied by the DC voltage generator is the predetermined voltage corresponding to the lighting level the weakest.

Cette disposition permet de réduire les contraintes sur la lampe à décharge et, par conséquent, d'augmenter sa durée de vie.This arrangement makes it possible to reduce the stresses on the discharge lamp and, consequently, to increase its service life.

L'invention concerne également un procédé de surveillance d'une lampe d'une installation du type précité qui est caractérisé en ce que, lors du fonctionnement de la lampe à décharge, la valeur indiquée par le détecteur de courant continu moyen est comparée à une valeur de consigne correspondant au niveau d'éclairage choisi et en ce que, dans le cas où la valeur indiquée par le circuit de détection du courant continu moyen délivré présente une variation supérieure à un seuil prédéterminé par rapport à la valeur de consigne, le module d'alimentation et de pilotage produit une information d'alarme qui peut être transmise à l'unité de commande et de surveillance de l'éclairage.The invention also relates to a method for monitoring a lamp of an installation of the aforementioned type, which is characterized in that, during the operation of the discharge lamp, the value indicated by the mean DC detector is compared with a setpoint corresponding to the chosen lighting level and in that, in the case where the value indicated by the detection circuit of the average direct current delivered exhibits a variation greater than a predetermined threshold with respect to the setpoint, the module power supply and control produces alarm information which can be transmitted to the lighting control and monitoring unit.

Cette information d'alarme prévient l'unité de commande et de surveillance et, éventuellement, le poste de commande centralisée du vieillissement de la lampe considérée.This alarm information warns the control and monitoring unit and, possibly, the centralized control station of the aging of the lamp in question.

Avantageusement, la comparaison précitée est effectuée avec un certain retard par rapport à l'instant de commande de l'amorçage, par exemple au bout d'une vingtaine de minutes, de manière à surveiller la lampe en l'absence de tout phénomène transitoire.Advantageously, the aforementioned comparison is carried out with a certain delay with respect to the instant of ordering the ignition, for example after about twenty minutes, so as to monitor the lamp in the absence of any transient phenomenon.

Selon une autre caractéristique de l'invention, lorsque le module d'alimentation et de pilotage émet un ordre d'amorçage de la lampe à décharge, si la valeur indiquée par le circuit de détection du courant continu moyen délivré est inférieure à une valeur de seuil prédéterminée, le module d'alimentation de pilotage produit une information d'alarme qui peut être transmise à l'unité de commande et de surveillance.According to another characteristic of the invention, when the power supply and control module issues an order to start the discharge lamp, if the value indicated by the detection circuit of the average direct current delivered is less than a value of predetermined threshold, the pilot power supply module produces alarm information which can be transmitted to the control and monitoring unit.

Cette information indique que la lampe concernée ne s'allume plus.This information indicates that the lamp concerned no longer lights up.

D'autres caractéristiques et avantages de l'invention ressortiront de la description qui suit d'un exemple de réalisation de l'invention, en se référant aux dessins annexés sur lesquels :

  • la figure 1 est le schéma d'une installation d'éclairage électrique conforme à la présente invention ; et
  • la figure 2 est le schéma du module d'alimentation de pilotage et du module générateur-amorceur d'une lampe.
Other characteristics and advantages of the invention will emerge from the following description of an exemplary embodiment of the invention, with reference to the appended drawings in which:
  • Figure 1 is the diagram of an electrical lighting installation according to the present invention; and
  • Figure 2 is the diagram of the pilot power supply module and the generator-igniter module of a lamp.

La figure 1 représente une installation d'éclairage comportant des lampes à décharge à haute pression à vapeur métallique, par exemple des lampes à vapeur de sodium dont trois seulement, repérées 10,20 et 30 ont été représentées. L'installation d'éclairage est alimentée par un réseau d'énergie électrique comportant par exemple un poste de distribution moyenne tension-basse tension 1 comportant un transformateur 2 disposé entre une ligne de moyenne tension 3 et des départs en basse tension 4,4′ et 4˝.FIG. 1 represents a lighting installation comprising high-pressure discharge lamps with metal vapor, for example sodium vapor lamps, only three of which, marked 10, 20 and 30, have been shown. The lighting installation is supplied by an electrical energy network comprising for example a medium voltage-low voltage distribution station 1 comprising a transformer 2 disposed between a medium voltage line 3 and low voltage outlets 4.4 ′ and 4˝.

Conformément à l'invention, chaque lampe est alimentée directement sur le réseau basse tension, par exemple sur le départ 4, par l'intermédiaire d'un module d'alimentation et de pilotage 11, respectivement 21 et 31, qui est branché en permanence sur le réseau basse tension 4 par une liaison bifilaire. Chacun des modules d'alimentation et de pilotage comprend en particulier un générateur de tension continue qui fournit, par l'intermédiaire d'une ligne bifilaire d'alimentation en courant continu 12, respectivement 22 et 32, une tension continue à un module générateur-amorceur 13, respectivement 23 et 33, comprenant essentiellement un oscillateur moyenne tension commandé par la tension fournie par le module d'alimentation et de pilotage et alimentant la lampe 10 respectivement 20 et 30.According to the invention, each lamp is supplied directly on the low voltage network, for example on the feeder 4, by means of a power supply and control module 11, respectively 21 and 31, which is permanently connected on the low network tension 4 by a two-wire connection. Each of the power and control modules comprises in particular a DC voltage generator which supplies, via a two-wire DC power supply line 12, respectively 22 and 32, a DC voltage to a generator module. igniter 13, respectively 23 and 33, essentially comprising a medium voltage oscillator controlled by the voltage supplied by the power supply and control module and supplying the lamp 10 respectively 20 and 30.

Chaque module d'alimentation et de pilotage est relié par liaison à courant porteur sur le réseau basse tension à une unité de commande et de surveillance de l'installation d'éclairage 5 qui est également branchée en permanence sur le réseau basse tension et qui est située en tête de départ du réseau d'éclairage. Cette unité de commande et de surveillance 5 peut par exemple être logée dans une armoire se trouvant au voisinage du poste de distribution 1.Each power supply and control module is connected by carrier current link on the low voltage network to a control and monitoring unit of the lighting installation 5 which is also permanently connected to the low voltage network and which is located at the start of the lighting network. This control and monitoring unit 5 can for example be housed in a cabinet located in the vicinity of the distribution station 1.

Cette unité de commande et de surveillance de l'éclairage est elle-même reliée à un poste de commande centralisée 6 qui est par exemple équipé d'un ordinateur 7 et d'interfaces 8,8′ et 8˝ reliées chacune à une unité de commande et de surveillance. La liaison entre l'interface 8 et l'unité de commande et de surveillance 5 est réalisée au moyen d'un réseau téléphonique commuté 9. La liaison entre l'unité de commande et de surveillance 5 et le poste de commande centralisée 6 peut également être réalisée par une liaison radio ou par une liaison spécialisée.This lighting control and monitoring unit is itself connected to a centralized control station 6 which is for example equipped with a computer 7 and 8.8 ′ and 8˝ interfaces each connected to a control and monitoring. The connection between the interface 8 and the control and monitoring unit 5 is carried out by means of a switched telephone network 9. The connection between the control and monitoring unit 5 and the centralized control station 6 can also be carried out by a radio link or by a dedicated link.

La figure 2 représente une lampe 10 avec son ensemble d'alimentation constituée par le module d'alimentation et de pilotage 11 et le module générateur-amorceur 13.FIG. 2 represents a lamp 10 with its supply assembly constituted by the supply and control module 11 and the generator-igniter module 13.

Ce dernier comporte essentiellement un oscillateur moyenne fréquence 14 et un circuit d'amorçage 15 qui sont commandés par la tension continue fournie par la ligne bifilaire 12.The latter essentially comprises a medium frequency oscillator 14 and a starting circuit 15 which are controlled by the direct voltage supplied by the two-wire line 12.

Cette tension continue est fournie par un générateur de tension continue 16 qui est disposé dans le module d'alimentation et de pilotage 11 dont la sortie est constituée par la ligne bifilaire 12. Le module d'alimentation et de pilotage 11 est relié au réseau 4 dont la tension est envoyée sur le générateur 16 par l'intermédiaire d'un circuit 17 de protection contre les perturbations du réseau, en particulier les composantes harmoniques. Ce circuit 17 comporte également une protection contre les surintensités constitué par exemple par un fusible.This DC voltage is supplied by a DC voltage generator 16 which is arranged in the power supply and control module 11, the output of which is constituted by the two-wire line 12. The power and control module 11 is connected to the network 4 the voltage of which is sent to the generator 16 via a circuit 17 for protection against disturbances from the network, in particular the harmonic components. This circuit 17 also includes a protection against overcurrents constituted for example by a fuse.

Le module d'alimentation et de pilotage 11 comporte un circuit 18 de communication par courant porteur et il est donc également relié au réseau basse tension 4.The power supply and control module 11 comprises a circuit 18 for communication by carrier current and it is therefore also connected to the low voltage network 4.

Ce circuit de transmission 18 est relié par ailleurs à une interface de conditionnement 19.This transmission circuit 18 is also connected to a conditioning interface 19.

Cette interface de conditionnement 19 gère les transmissions avec l'unité de commande et de surveillance 5, elle transmet les commandes et les valeurs de consigne à un circuit 24 commandant le générateur de tension continue 16 et elle transmet les informations fournies par un circuit 25 de contrôle et de diagnostic à l'unité de commande et de surveillance 5. Ce circuit de contrôle et de diagnostic 25 comporte essentiellement un détecteur de la valeur moyenne du courant continu fourni par le générateur 16 au module générateur-amorceur 13 par la ligne 12.This conditioning interface 19 manages the transmissions with the control and monitoring unit 5, it transmits the commands and the set values to a circuit 24 controlling the DC voltage generator 16 and it transmits the information provided by a circuit 25 of control and diagnosis at the control and monitoring unit 5. This control and diagnosis circuit 25 essentially comprises a detector of the mean value of the direct current supplied by the generator 16 to the generator-initiator module 13 by the line 12.

Le module d'alimentation et de pilotage 11 comporte encore un circuit 26 d'immunisation contre les coupures brèves du réseau d'alimentation. Ce circuit d'immunisation est un circuit de sécurité qui bloque le fonctionnement du circuit de charge du condensateur de stockage afin d'éliminer les effets possibles d'une coupure brève de tension.The power supply and control module 11 also includes a circuit 26 for immunization against short cuts in the power supply network. This immunization circuit is a safety circuit that blocks the operation of the storage capacitor charge circuit to eliminate the possible effects of a brief power outage.

Des modes de réalisation de ces différents circuits sont décrits dans le brevet français 2 627 911 qui a été cité plus haut.Embodiments of these different circuits are described in French patent 2,627,911 which was cited above.

Le fonctionnement de l'installation qui vient d'être décrite est le suivant ; les programmes et les consignes d'éclairage de chaque installation sont élaborés dans le poste de commande centralisée 6 et envoyés à chaque unité de commande et de surveillance 5 qui envoie des ordres des consignes de fonctionnement à chacune des lampes 10,20 et 30 ; les ordres sont spécifiques pour chacune des lampes et l'on peut ainsi moduler l'éclairage en fonction des besoins ; on peut programmer le fonctionnement de manière que l'éclairage soit maximal aux heures de pointe et réduit en pleine nuit pendant les heures creuses.The operation of the installation which has just been described is as follows; the lighting programs and instructions for each installation are prepared in the centralized control station 6 and sent to each control and monitoring unit 5 which sends orders of the operating instructions to each of the lamps 10, 20 and 30; the orders are specific for each of the lamps and it is therefore possible to adjust the lighting as required; you can program the operation so that the lighting is maximum during peak hours and reduced in the middle of the night during off-peak hours.

Comme indiqué plus haut, les circuits utilisés dans les deux modules permettent d'obtenir une puissance de consigne indépendamment de la valeur de la tension du réseau sans avoir à craindre les microcoupures ou les baisses de tension.As indicated above, the circuits used in the two modules make it possible to obtain a reference power independently of the value of the network voltage without having to fear micro-cuts or brownouts.

Comme indiqué plus haut, lors de l'amorçage d'une lampe, la puissance de consigne correspond au niveau le plus faible et, lorsque la lampe est allumée, un nouvel ordre parvient pour obtenir le niveau d'éclairement désiré.As indicated above, when a lamp is started, the setpoint power corresponds to the lowest level and, when the lamp is on, a new command is obtained to obtain the desired level of illumination.

Avantageusement, lorsque l'amorçage de la lampe à décharge ne se produit pas, l'ordre d'amorçage est supprimé au bout d'un temps prédéterminé.Advantageously, when the ignition of the discharge lamp does not occur, the ignition order is deleted after a predetermined time.

On voit donc que l'on peut réaliser facilement une installation d'éclairage électrique de type modulaire; on peut en particulier ajouter des lampes très facilement puisqu'il n'y a pas de ligne d'alimentation spécialisée pour l'éclairage.It can therefore be seen that an electrical lighting installation of the modular type can be easily carried out; we can in particular add lamps very easily since there is no specialized supply line for lighting.

Les opérations de comptage de l'énergie absorbée par l'installation d'éclairage, sont réalisées directement dans le poste de commande centralisée. En effet, il n'y a pas besoin de compteur puisque les différents niveaux d'éclairement correspondent à une puissance consommée prédéterminée et il suffit de connaître le programme de fonctionnement d'une lampe pour déterminer sa consommation.The metering of the energy absorbed by the lighting installation is carried out directly in the centralized control station. In fact, there is no need for a counter since the different levels of illumination correspond to a predetermined power consumption and it suffices to know the operating program of a lamp to determine its consumption.

En ce qui concerne la maintenance, il n'y a plus de nécessité d'effectuer de tournées d'inspection puisque le module d'alimentation et de pilotage fournit à l'unité de commande et de surveillance qui, elle, les transmet au poste de commande centralisée, toutes les informations concernant l'état de fonctionnement des lampes, telles que le non amorçage et le vieillissement.With regard to maintenance, there is no longer any need to carry out inspection rounds since the power supply and control module supplies the control and monitoring unit which transmits them to the station. centralized control, all information concerning the operating status of the lamps, such as non-ignition and aging.

La tension fournie à chacune des lampes est contrôlée de manière précise pour obtenir un niveau d'éclairement prédéterminé ; il en résulte que l'on réalise des économies d'énergie, par exemple pendant les heures creuses. Le fait de pouvoir faire fonctionner les lampes à puissance réduite augmente notablement leur durée de vie, ce qui augmente encore la rentabilité de l'installation.The voltage supplied to each lamp is precisely controlled to obtain a predetermined level of lighting; This results in energy savings, for example during off-peak hours. Being able to operate the lamps at reduced power significantly increases their lifespan, which further increases the profitability of the installation.

Claims (14)

Installation d'éclairage électrique comportant des lampes à décharge (10,20,30) alimentées par un oscillateur à moyenne fréquence (14) qui est muni d'un circuit d'amorçage (15) et qui est commandé par une tension continue fournie par un générateur de tension continue (16) comportant notamment un condensateur de stockage, dont le courant de charge est commandé par une self-inductance, et un commutateur branchés en série avec ledit condensateur de stockage, caractérisée en ce qu'elle comprend, pour chaque lampe à décharge (10, 20,30), un module générateur-amorceur (13,23,33) qui comporte l'oscillateur (14) et le circuit d'amorçage (15) et qui est disposé à proximité de la lampe à décharge et un module d'alimentation et de pilotage (11,21,31) qui comporte le générateur de tension continue (16), un circuit de commande de l'oscillateur (24) et un circuit (25) de détection du courant continu moyen délivré par ledit générateur de tension continue et qui est branché en permanence sur le réseau d'alimentation électrique (4), en ce que le module générateur-amorceur (13,23,33) est relié au module d'alimentation et de pilotage (11, 21,31) par une ligne de transmission d'énergie à courant continu (12,22,32) et en ce que tous les modules d'alimentation et de pilotage (11,21,31) sont reliés, par une liaison à courant porteur sur le réseau d'énergie électrique (4), à une unité de commande et de surveillance de l'éclairage (5) qui est disposée en tête du départ du réseau d'éclairage.Electrical lighting installation comprising discharge lamps (10,20,30) supplied by a medium frequency oscillator (14) which is provided with an ignition circuit (15) and which is controlled by a direct voltage supplied by a DC voltage generator (16) comprising in particular a storage capacitor, the charging current of which is controlled by a self-inductance, and a switch connected in series with said storage capacitor, characterized in that it comprises, for each discharge lamp (10, 20,30), a generator-igniter module (13,23,33) which comprises the oscillator (14) and the ignition circuit (15) and which is arranged near the lamp discharge and a power supply and control module (11,21,31) which comprises the DC voltage generator (16), an oscillator control circuit (24) and a DC current detection circuit (25) means supplied by said DC voltage generator and which is br permanently anchored to the power supply network (4), in that the generator-initiator module (13,23,33) is connected to the power supply and control module (11,21,31) by a line of direct current energy transmission (12,22,32) and in that all the power and control modules (11,21,31) are connected, by a carrier current link on the electric power network (4), to a lighting control and monitoring unit (5) which is arranged at the start of the lighting network. Installation d'éclairage électrique selon la revendication 1, caractérisée en ce que l'unité de commande et de surveillance de l'éclairage (5) est reliée à un poste de commande centralisée (6).Electrical lighting installation according to claim 1, characterized in that the lighting control and monitoring unit (5) is connected to a centralized control station (6). Installation d'éclairage électrique selon la revendication 2, caractérisée en ce que l'unité de commande et de surveillance de l'éclairage (5) est reliée au poste de commande centralisée (6) par un réseau téléphonique commuté (9).Electrical lighting installation according to claim 2, characterized in that the unit of lighting control and monitoring (5) is connected to the centralized control station (6) by a switched telephone network (9). Installation d'éclairage électrique selon la revendication 2, caractérisée en ce que l'unité de commande et de surveillance de l'éclairage (5) est disposée dans une armoire disposée au voisinage du poste de distribution d'énergie électrique (1).Electrical lighting installation according to claim 2, characterized in that the lighting control and monitoring unit (5) is arranged in a cabinet arranged in the vicinity of the electrical energy distribution station (1). Installation d'éclairage électrique selon la revendication 1, caractérisée en ce que l'oscillateur est un oscillateur push-pull série commandé en courant.Electrical lighting installation according to claim 1, characterized in that the oscillator is a current-controlled series push-pull oscillator. Installation d'éclairage électrique selon la revendication 1, caractérisée en ce que le module d'alimentation et de pilotage (11,21,31) est branché sur le réseau d'énergie électrique par l'intermédiaire d'un circuit de filtrage des perturbations du réseau (17).Electrical lighting installation according to claim 1, characterized in that the power supply and control module (11,21,31) is connected to the electrical energy network via a disturbance filtering circuit of the network (17). Installation d'éclairage électrique selon la revendication 1, caractérisée en ce que le circuit de commande de l'oscillateur (24) commande le générateur de tension continue (16) de manière que celui-ci fournisse plusieurs niveaux de tension continue correspondant chacun à un niveau d'éclairage de la lampe à décharge commandée par ledit module d'alimentation et de pilotage (11,21,31).Electrical lighting installation according to claim 1, characterized in that the oscillator control circuit (24) controls the DC voltage generator (16) so that it supplies several DC voltage levels each corresponding to a level of illumination of the discharge lamp controlled by said power supply and control module (11,21,31). Installation d'éclairage électrique selon la revendication 7, caractérisée en ce qu'on prévoit trois niveaux d'éclairage de 50%,75% et 100%.Electrical lighting installation according to claim 7, characterized in that three lighting levels of 50%, 75% and 100% are provided. Installation d'éclairage électrique selon la revendication 1, dans laquelle les lampes à décharge (10,20,30) sont des candélabres, caractérisée en ce que le module d'alimentation et de pilotage (13,23,33) est disposé dans le candélabre et en ce que le module générateur-amorceur (11,21,31) est disposé à l'intérieur du luminaire.Electrical lighting installation according to claim 1, in which the discharge lamps (10,20,30) are candelabras, characterized in that the supply and control module (13,23,33) is arranged in the candelabra and in that the generator-igniter module (11,21,31) is arranged inside the luminaire. Procédé de commande d'une installation d'éclairage électrique selon la revendication 7, caractérisé en ce que, lors de l'amorçage d'une lampe à décharge (10,20,30), la tension fournie par le générateur de tension continue (16) est la tension prédéterminée correspondant au niveau d'éclairage le plus faible.Method for controlling an electrical lighting installation according to claim 7, characterized in that, when a discharge lamp (10,20,30) is started, the voltage supplied by the DC voltage generator ( 16) is the predetermined voltage corresponding to the lowest lighting level. Procédé de surveillance d'une lampe à décharge d'une installation d'éclairage électrique selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que, lors du fonctionnement de la lampe à décharge, la valeur indiquée par le détecteur de courant continu moyen (25) est comparée à une valeur de consigne correspondant au niveau d'éclairage choisi et en ce que, dans le cas où la valeur indiquée par le circuit de détection du courant continu moyen délivré présente une variation supérieure à un seuil prédéterminé par rapport à la valeur de consigne, le module d'alimentation et de pilotage produit une information d'alarme qui peut être transmise à l'unité de commande et de surveillance de l'éclairage.Method for monitoring a discharge lamp of an electrical lighting installation according to claim 1, characterized in that, during the operation of the discharge lamp, the value indicated by the mean direct current detector (25) is compared to a set value corresponding to the chosen lighting level and in that, in the case where the value indicated by the detection circuit of the average direct current delivered exhibits a variation greater than a predetermined threshold compared to the set value , the power and control module produces alarm information which can be transmitted to the lighting control and monitoring unit. Procédé de surveillance d'une lampe à décharge d'une installation d'éclairage électrique selon la revendication 11, caractérisé en ce que, lorsque le module d'alimentation et de pilotage (11,21,31) émet un ordre d'amorçage de la lampe à décharge, si la valeur indiquée par le circuit de détection (25) du courant continu moyen délivré est inférieure à une valeur de seuil prédéterminée, le module d'alimentation de pilotage (11,21,31) produit une information d'alarme qui peut être transmise à l'unité de commande et de surveillance (5).Method for monitoring a discharge lamp of an electrical lighting installation according to claim 11, characterized in that, when the supply and control module (11,21,31) issues a boot order of the discharge lamp, if the value indicated by the detection circuit (25) of the average direct current delivered is less than a predetermined threshold value, the pilot power supply module (11,21,31) produces information of alarm which can be transmitted to the control and monitoring unit (5). Procédé de surveillance d'une lampe à décharge d'une installation d'éclairage électrique selon la revendication 11, caractérisé en ce que la comparaison est effectuée avec un certain retard par rapport à l'instant de commande de l'amorçage.Method for monitoring a discharge lamp of an electrical lighting installation according to claim 11, characterized in that the comparison is carried out with a certain delay with respect to the instant of control of the ignition. Procédé de surveillance d'une lampe à décharge d'une installation d'éclairage électrique selon la revendication 12, caractérisé en ce que, lorsque l'amorçage de la lampe à décharge (10,20,30) ne se produit pas, l'ordre d'amorçage est supprimé au bout d'un temps prédéterminé.Method for monitoring a discharge lamp of an electrical lighting installation according to claim 12, characterized in that, when the discharge of the discharge lamp (10,20,30) does not occur, the boot order is deleted after a predetermined time.
EP92402600A 1991-09-23 1992-09-22 Control and monitoring process for a lighting equipment Expired - Lifetime EP0534839B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

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FR9111688 1991-09-23
FR9111688A FR2681754B1 (en) 1991-09-23 1991-09-23 ELECTRICAL LIGHTING INSTALLATION AND METHOD FOR CONTROLLING AND MONITORING THE SAME.

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EP0534839B1 EP0534839B1 (en) 1996-12-18

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AT (1) ATE146641T1 (en)
DE (1) DE69216031T2 (en)
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DE69216031T2 (en) 1997-04-10
DE69216031D1 (en) 1997-01-30
FR2681754A1 (en) 1993-03-26
FR2681754B1 (en) 1993-12-24
EP0534839B1 (en) 1996-12-18
DK0534839T3 (en) 1997-06-09
ES2097300T3 (en) 1997-04-01
ATE146641T1 (en) 1997-01-15
GR3022588T3 (en) 1997-05-31

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