EP0522071B1 - Safety razors and blade units therefor - Google Patents

Safety razors and blade units therefor Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0522071B1
EP0522071B1 EP91907778A EP91907778A EP0522071B1 EP 0522071 B1 EP0522071 B1 EP 0522071B1 EP 91907778 A EP91907778 A EP 91907778A EP 91907778 A EP91907778 A EP 91907778A EP 0522071 B1 EP0522071 B1 EP 0522071B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
blade
frame
support
razor head
safety razor
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP91907778A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0522071A4 (en
EP0522071A1 (en
Inventor
Kevin James Wain
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Gillette Co LLC
Original Assignee
Gillette Co LLC
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Gillette Co LLC filed Critical Gillette Co LLC
Publication of EP0522071A1 publication Critical patent/EP0522071A1/en
Publication of EP0522071A4 publication Critical patent/EP0522071A4/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0522071B1 publication Critical patent/EP0522071B1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B26—HAND CUTTING TOOLS; CUTTING; SEVERING
    • B26B—HAND-HELD CUTTING TOOLS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B26B21/00—Razors of the open or knife type; Safety razors or other shaving implements of the planing type; Hair-trimming devices involving a razor-blade; Equipment therefor
    • B26B21/08—Razors of the open or knife type; Safety razors or other shaving implements of the planing type; Hair-trimming devices involving a razor-blade; Equipment therefor involving changeable blades
    • B26B21/14—Safety razors with one or more blades arranged transversely to the handle
    • B26B21/22—Safety razors with one or more blades arranged transversely to the handle involving several blades to be used simultaneously
    • B26B21/222—Safety razors with one or more blades arranged transversely to the handle involving several blades to be used simultaneously with the blades moulded into, or attached to, a changeable unit
    • B26B21/227—Safety razors with one or more blades arranged transversely to the handle involving several blades to be used simultaneously with the blades moulded into, or attached to, a changeable unit with blades being resiliently mounted in the changeable unit
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B26—HAND CUTTING TOOLS; CUTTING; SEVERING
    • B26B—HAND-HELD CUTTING TOOLS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B26B21/00—Razors of the open or knife type; Safety razors or other shaving implements of the planing type; Hair-trimming devices involving a razor-blade; Equipment therefor
    • B26B21/02—Razors of the open or knife type; Safety razors or other shaving implements of the planing type; Hair-trimming devices involving a razor-blade; Equipment therefor involving unchangeable blades

Definitions

  • This invention relates to safety razors and to blade units for incorporation in safety razors.
  • the instant invention aims at the provision of a safety razor having a high degree of "conformance", that is to say the ability to permit or constrain the skin-engaging elements of the razor to maintain optimum contact with the varying contours of the skin during a shaving operation.
  • U.S. Patent No. 4,443,940 discloses a safety razor head adapted to permit rotation of an individual blade and attached guard member relative to a fixed frame during a shaving operation.
  • U.S. Patent No. 4,586,255 discloses a safety razor head in which at least one blade unit may move vertically relative to a fixed frame during a shaving operation, but does not permit rotational motion of the individual blade unit.
  • a safety razor head with the features of claim 1. characterized in that said spring bears on said elongated base and bears upwardly at its ends to enable substantially vertical movement of said blade and integral guard, relative to the frame, under forces encountered during shaving and against the action of spring restoring forces, in directions generally perpendicular to a plane defined by the blade edge and a skin engaging surface of the guard portion, thus allowing the blade with integral guard, in use, to maintain optimum contact with the varying contours of the skin.
  • each said slot includes a recess having forward and rear abutment face for engaging a portion of the blade support to limit rotation of said support during shaving.
  • the razor head shown in Figs. 1 to 4 comprises a metal or moulded plastics head frame 1 having an elongate base 2 and upstanding end walls 3 at opposite ends thereof. Only one end of the frame is shown in these Figs. the opposite end being a mirror image.
  • the head frame supports a cap member 4, two blade units 5 and three pairs of cantilever wire springs 6, whose inner ends (not shown) are secured to the medial portion of the elongate base.
  • Each blade unit 5 consists of a narrow blade 7, having a sharpened cutting edge 7A, and a blade support formed as an L-shaped metal stamping to provide a platform 9 and a guard portion providing a curved skin engaging guard surface 11 and a depending leg 12.
  • the support has a slot 13 over most of its length to form a space between the platform 9 and the guard portion and the blade 7 is securely attached to the platform with its edge 7A projecting forwardly into that space, forwardly of the platform.
  • the support 8 is formed with upwardly offset, projecting ears 14 which are abuttingly engaged from below by upstanding end portions 6A of the wire springs 6.
  • the cap member 4 consists of a channel shaped support 16 in which a cap moulding 17 is secured.
  • the cap member and blade units are captured at their ends in recesses formed in the end walls 3 of the head frame. More specifically, the ears 14 of the blade supports engage in narrow vertical slots 18 which also receive the vertical end portions 6A of the respective wire springs. Alongside each slot 18 is a shallower, wider recess 19 whose forward face 21 acts as a stop for the adjacent end of the respective leg 12.
  • each blade unit is guided for vertical movement in the head frame by engagement of its ears 14 in the slots 18.
  • the springs 6 are pre-stressed so that in the normal, rest position, the blade units are held by the springs in their outermost positions, as shown in Fig. 3.
  • the spring ends 6A are guided and constrained for vertical movement in their respective slots 18 and are pointed at their upper ends, where they engage the ears 14 so as to provide fulcrums, permitting rotational movement of the units about axes parallel with and close to the cutting-edges of the respective blades. As best illustrated in Fig. 4, this rotational movement is limited by engagement of the ends of the legs 12 with the rear faces of slots 18 and the forward faces 21 of recesses 19, respectively.
  • the cap member 4, which is set behind the blade units in the shaving direction, is constrained and guided for vertical movement only, parallel with the corresponding movement of the blade units.
  • the cap member is also urged to its outermost position by its respective wire springs 6, as shown in Fig. 3.
  • Fig. 4 shows the moving parts in their innermost positions, in which their springs 6 are “bottomed” against the base 2 of the frame.
  • the cap and blade units are able to conform closely to the differing contours of the skin areas being shaved by virtue of their being able to move, independently of each other and against the resilient restoring forces of their springs, according to the forces which they experience.
  • This independence of motion is known in itself but, significantly, the blade units are also able to pivot freely in order to permit each unit to maintain close contact with the skin at both its cutting edge 7A and its skin engaging guard surface 11, thus preserving its optimum attitude in spite of variations in the contours of the skin surface. This is due to the fact that the pivotal axis of each unit is parallel with and just ahead of the sharpened edge of the blade.
  • Fig. 5 the variations in skin contours are exaggerated to illustrate the way in which the moving parts of the razor accommodate undulations in the skin surface and in particular how the attitudes of the blade units are adjusted automatically to maintain the desired contact with the skin.
  • the razor could of course have a single blade unit or three or more if desired, but two units are presently regarded as optimal.
  • Figs. 6 and 7 illustrate a modified form of blade unit and head frame which are generally similar to the above described embodiment but with some structural modifications, principally as described below. Parts of the modified embodiment are given reference numerals increased by 100 compared with the numerals used for corresponding parts in the first embodiment.
  • the blade units 105 are virtually identical with those first described, save that the ears 114 are in the same plane as the guard portion rather than being upwardly offset. As a result the pivotal axis 'A' of the unit is set lower than in the first embodiment.
  • the moulded head frame 101 is of a different construction, being provided in known manner with depending legs 22 by which the frame is adapted for releasable mounting on the upper end of a razor handle with limited freedom to pivot, relative to the handle, about a longitudinal axis.
  • the upper surface of the base 102 is formed with an upstanding pip 102A destined to provide an integral rivet for securing a metallic spring member comprising a rectangular medial portion 106A having integral spring fingers 106 extending longitudinally away, and also upwardly from the plane of the portion 106A.
  • the rear wall of the frame 101 is formed with a channel to receive the cap moulding 117 in a fixed position.
  • the slots 118 and recesses 119 are completely open from above and separate clips 123 are provided for retaining the blade units by their ears 114, to the frame.

Abstract

A safety razor head comprises a head frame (101) carrying a cap member (104) and two blade units (105) all mounted in slots in end walls (103) of the frame (101) so as to be movable vertically, i.e. towards and away from the base (102) of the frame. The movable elements are urged upwardly by springs (106). The blade units (105) comprise metal pressing (108) of inverted L-shaped cross-section. Blade members (107) are attached to the top limbs (109) and guard portions (111, 112) are spaced forwardly of the blade edges (107A). The pressing (108) has projecting ears (114) at opposite ends by which each unit is mounted in the frame (101) for limited pivotal movement about an axis parallel with and close to the blade edge (107A).

Description

  • This invention relates to safety razors and to blade units for incorporation in safety razors.
  • The instant invention aims at the provision of a safety razor having a high degree of "conformance", that is to say the ability to permit or constrain the skin-engaging elements of the razor to maintain optimum contact with the varying contours of the skin during a shaving operation.
  • U.S. Patent No. 4,443,940 discloses a safety razor head adapted to permit rotation of an individual blade and attached guard member relative to a fixed frame during a shaving operation.
  • U.S. Patent No. 4,586,255 discloses a safety razor head in which at least one blade unit may move vertically relative to a fixed frame during a shaving operation, but does not permit rotational motion of the individual blade unit.
  • According to the present invention there is provided a safety razor head with the features of claim 1. characterized in that said spring bears on said elongated base and bears upwardly at its ends to enable substantially vertical movement of said blade and integral guard, relative to the frame, under forces encountered during shaving and against the action of spring restoring forces, in directions generally perpendicular to a plane defined by the blade edge and a skin engaging surface of the guard portion, thus allowing the blade with integral guard, in use, to maintain optimum contact with the varying contours of the skin.
  • According to a preferred embodiment of the invention each said slot includes a recess having forward and rear abutment face for engaging a portion of the blade support to limit rotation of said support during shaving.
  • A safety razor head in accordance with the invention and some modifications thereof, will now be described by way of example, with reference to the accompanying drawings in which:
    • Figs. 1 and 2 are perspective views of an end portion of the head frame and of a blade unit, respectively;
    • Fig. 3 is a cross-section taken at the sectioning line in Figure 1, showing the blade units and a cap member in the normal positions of rest;
    • Fig. 4 corresponds with Fig. 3, and shows the parts in different relative positions;
    • Fig. 5 is a diagrammatic cross-section illustrating different positions of the cap and blade units in use;
    • Fig. 6 is an exploded perspective view of a modified razor head frame and blade units; and
    • Fig. 7 is a cross-section of the head frame of Fig. 6, corresponding with Fig. 5.
  • The razor head shown in Figs. 1 to 4 comprises a metal or moulded plastics head frame 1 having an elongate base 2 and upstanding end walls 3 at opposite ends thereof. Only one end of the frame is shown in these Figs. the opposite end being a mirror image.
  • The head frame supports a cap member 4, two blade units 5 and three pairs of cantilever wire springs 6, whose inner ends (not shown) are secured to the medial portion of the elongate base.
  • Each blade unit 5 consists of a narrow blade 7, having a sharpened cutting edge 7A, and a blade support formed as an L-shaped metal stamping to provide a platform 9 and a guard portion providing a curved skin engaging guard surface 11 and a depending leg 12. The support has a slot 13 over most of its length to form a space between the platform 9 and the guard portion and the blade 7 is securely attached to the platform with its edge 7A projecting forwardly into that space, forwardly of the platform.
  • At its ends, the support 8 is formed with upwardly offset, projecting ears 14 which are abuttingly engaged from below by upstanding end portions 6A of the wire springs 6.
  • The cap member 4 consists of a channel shaped support 16 in which a cap moulding 17 is secured.
  • The cap member and blade units are captured at their ends in recesses formed in the end walls 3 of the head frame. More specifically, the ears 14 of the blade supports engage in narrow vertical slots 18 which also receive the vertical end portions 6A of the respective wire springs. Alongside each slot 18 is a shallower, wider recess 19 whose forward face 21 acts as a stop for the adjacent end of the respective leg 12.
  • Thus, each blade unit is guided for vertical movement in the head frame by engagement of its ears 14 in the slots 18. The springs 6 are pre-stressed so that in the normal, rest position, the blade units are held by the springs in their outermost positions, as shown in Fig. 3. The spring ends 6A are guided and constrained for vertical movement in their respective slots 18 and are pointed at their upper ends, where they engage the ears 14 so as to provide fulcrums, permitting rotational movement of the units about axes parallel with and close to the cutting-edges of the respective blades. As best illustrated in Fig. 4, this rotational movement is limited by engagement of the ends of the legs 12 with the rear faces of slots 18 and the forward faces 21 of recesses 19, respectively. The cap member 4, which is set behind the blade units in the shaving direction, is constrained and guided for vertical movement only, parallel with the corresponding movement of the blade units. The cap member is also urged to its outermost position by its respective wire springs 6, as shown in Fig. 3.
  • Fig. 4 shows the moving parts in their innermost positions, in which their springs 6 are "bottomed" against the base 2 of the frame.
  • In use of the razor, the cap and blade units are able to conform closely to the differing contours of the skin areas being shaved by virtue of their being able to move, independently of each other and against the resilient restoring forces of their springs, according to the forces which they experience. This independence of motion is known in itself but, significantly, the blade units are also able to pivot freely in order to permit each unit to maintain close contact with the skin at both its cutting edge 7A and its skin engaging guard surface 11, thus preserving its optimum attitude in spite of variations in the contours of the skin surface. This is due to the fact that the pivotal axis of each unit is parallel with and just ahead of the sharpened edge of the blade.
  • In Fig. 5, the variations in skin contours are exaggerated to illustrate the way in which the moving parts of the razor accommodate undulations in the skin surface and in particular how the attitudes of the blade units are adjusted automatically to maintain the desired contact with the skin.
  • The translational movement of the units is described above as being "vertical". This, of course, assumes a specific attitude of the razor head. The sense of the requisite movement, regardless of the attitude of the razor, is transverse to a notional plane containing the blade edge and the skin engaging surface of the guard portion.
  • Because of the self-guarding nature of the blade units, it will generally be unnecessary to provide a separated guard member, but if one is provided, it can be mounted for translational movement, with a spring suspension, in the same manner as the cap member.
  • The razor could of course have a single blade unit or three or more if desired, but two units are presently regarded as optimal.
  • Figs. 6 and 7 illustrate a modified form of blade unit and head frame which are generally similar to the above described embodiment but with some structural modifications, principally as described below. Parts of the modified embodiment are given reference numerals increased by 100 compared with the numerals used for corresponding parts in the first embodiment.
  • The blade units 105 are virtually identical with those first described, save that the ears 114 are in the same plane as the guard portion rather than being upwardly offset. As a result the pivotal axis 'A' of the unit is set lower than in the first embodiment.
  • The moulded head frame 101 is of a different construction, being provided in known manner with depending legs 22 by which the frame is adapted for releasable mounting on the upper end of a razor handle with limited freedom to pivot, relative to the handle, about a longitudinal axis.
  • The upper surface of the base 102 is formed with an upstanding pip 102A destined to provide an integral rivet for securing a metallic spring member comprising a rectangular medial portion 106A having integral spring fingers 106 extending longitudinally away, and also upwardly from the plane of the portion 106A.
  • The rear wall of the frame 101 is formed with a channel to receive the cap moulding 117 in a fixed position.
  • In the end walls 103 of the frame, the slots 118 and recesses 119 are completely open from above and separate clips 123 are provided for retaining the blade units by their ears 114, to the frame.
  • The function and operation of the blade units is as described above.

Claims (6)

  1. A safety razor head comprising a frame (1,101) and at least one blade unit (5,105), each blade unit (5,105) comprising a blade (7,107) with a sharpened cutting edge (7A,107A) and a blade support (8,108) comprising a platform (9,109) to which the blade is attached with said cutting edge projecting forwardly of the platform, in the shaving direction, and tabs (14,114) formed at opposite ends of said support by which said blade unit is supported in said frame (1,101), the blade support of at least one blade unit further including an integral guard portion (11,111) spaced forwardly of the blade edge, said frame (1,101) comprising an elongated base (2,102) with upstanding walls (3,103) at opposite ends thereof, the inner face of each wall (3,103) having a slot (18,118) formed therein for receiving a respective tab (14,114) of said blade unit, the blade (7,107) and integral guard (11,111) being able to rotate about an axis parallel with and close to the blade edge (7A,107A), characterized in that said spring (6,106) is mounted on said elongated base, said spring (6,106) extending in longitudinal direction of the elongated base (2,102) and bearing upwardly at its ends (6A,106A) for contacting said tabs (14,114) at opposite ends of said blade unit in a manner to enable said blade (7,107) and integral guard (11,111) to rotate as well as to enable translational movement of said blade (7,107) and integral guard (13,113), relative to the frame, under forces encountered during shaving and against the action of the restoring forces of the spring (6,106), in a direction generally perpendicular to a plane defined by the blade edge (7A,107A) and a skin engaging surface of the guard portion (11,111), thus allowing the blade with integral guard, in use, to maintain optimum contact with the varying contours of the skin.
  2. A safety razor head according to claim 1, characterized in that each said slot (18,18A) includes a recess (19,119) having forward (21) and rear abutment faces for engaging a portion (12,112) of the blade support to limit rotation of said support during shaving.
  3. A safety razor head according to claim 1 or claim 2 characterized in that the blade support (8,108) is of generally L-shaped cross-section, having a first leg constituting the platform (9,109) and a second depending leg (12,112) spaced from the blade edge for limited rotation about said axis.
  4. A safety razor head according to claim 3, characterized in that the guard surface is formed by a transitional portion between said first and second legs of said support.
  5. A safety razor head according to any of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that each tab (14,114) is a projection extending beyond the respective end of the platform (9,109) for contact by end portions (6A,106A) of said spring (6,106).
  6. A safety razor head according to any of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that said blade support (8,108) is formed as a unitary metal stamping.
EP91907778A 1990-03-27 1991-03-22 Safety razors and blade units therefor Expired - Lifetime EP0522071B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB9006782 1990-03-27
GB909006782A GB9006782D0 (en) 1990-03-27 1990-03-27 Safety razors and blade units therefor
PCT/US1991/001926 WO1991014546A1 (en) 1990-03-27 1991-03-22 Safety razors and blade units therefor

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0522071A1 EP0522071A1 (en) 1993-01-13
EP0522071A4 EP0522071A4 (en) 1993-05-19
EP0522071B1 true EP0522071B1 (en) 1996-10-02

Family

ID=10673307

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP91907778A Expired - Lifetime EP0522071B1 (en) 1990-03-27 1991-03-22 Safety razors and blade units therefor

Country Status (19)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0522071B1 (en)
JP (1) JP3085974B2 (en)
KR (1) KR0174756B1 (en)
CN (1) CN1035163C (en)
AT (1) ATE143624T1 (en)
AU (1) AU649665B2 (en)
BR (1) BR9106269A (en)
CA (1) CA2076534C (en)
CZ (1) CZ283054B6 (en)
DE (1) DE69122500T2 (en)
DK (1) DK0522071T3 (en)
ES (1) ES2092564T3 (en)
GB (1) GB9006782D0 (en)
GR (1) GR3021275T3 (en)
PL (1) PL166706B1 (en)
RU (1) RU2091211C1 (en)
TR (1) TR27611A (en)
UA (1) UA25899C2 (en)
WO (1) WO1991014546A1 (en)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US8087599B2 (en) 2009-05-07 2012-01-03 Aurora Office Equipment Co., Ltd. Anti-paper jam protection device for shredders
US8146845B2 (en) 2008-08-06 2012-04-03 Aurora Office Equipment Co., Ltd. Shanghai Automatic shredder without choosing the number of paper to be shredded
US8963379B2 (en) 2006-07-14 2015-02-24 Aurora Office Equipment Co., Ltd. Shanghai Paper shredder control system responsive to touch-sensitive element

Families Citing this family (15)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CA2112888A1 (en) * 1991-07-18 1993-02-04 Vincent C. Motta Razor head with variable shaving geometry
US5341571A (en) * 1993-04-16 1994-08-30 American Safety Razor Company Movable blade shaving cartridge or the like
GB9505917D0 (en) * 1995-03-23 1995-05-10 Gillette Co Safety razors
US5689883A (en) * 1995-05-08 1997-11-25 Warner-Lambert Company Shaving implement
WO1997035693A2 (en) * 1996-03-27 1997-10-02 Warner-Lambert Company Shaving system with uniform shaving forces
US6009624A (en) * 1997-09-30 2000-01-04 The Gillette Company Razor cartridge with movable blades
JP4950506B2 (en) 2006-02-14 2012-06-13 株式会社貝印刃物開発センター razor
JP4977374B2 (en) 2006-02-14 2012-07-18 株式会社貝印刃物開発センター razor
JP4950507B2 (en) 2006-02-14 2012-06-13 株式会社貝印刃物開発センター razor
AU2009296283A1 (en) * 2008-09-29 2010-04-01 The Gillette Company Razor cartridges with perforated blade assemblies
JP5815409B2 (en) 2008-12-19 2015-11-17 ビック・バイオレクス・エス・エー Razor cartridge and mechanical razor provided with the razor cartridge
EP2454056B1 (en) * 2009-07-15 2014-03-19 Eveready Battery Company, Inc. Razor blade technology
EP3072646B1 (en) * 2015-03-25 2020-06-17 The Gillette Company LLC Shaving razor cartridge
CN106098254B (en) * 2016-07-14 2017-08-29 广州市明创线缆有限公司 A kind of manual wringing equipment of cable and its application method
CN109514230B (en) * 2018-12-29 2023-06-20 温州美葆科技技术有限公司 Full-automatic assembly equipment for manual shaver and control method thereof

Family Cites Families (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CA1140321A (en) * 1979-05-25 1983-02-01 John F. Francis Safety razor heads
US4337575A (en) * 1980-08-07 1982-07-06 The Gillette Company Razor blade assembly
GB2131337B (en) * 1982-12-07 1985-10-30 Gillette Co Safety razors
US4586255A (en) * 1984-10-15 1986-05-06 The Gillette Company Razor blade assembly
US4709477A (en) * 1986-09-02 1987-12-01 Warner-Lambert Company Blade assembly featuring variable span
US4932122A (en) * 1987-12-21 1990-06-12 The Gillette Company Safety razor blade assembly

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US8963379B2 (en) 2006-07-14 2015-02-24 Aurora Office Equipment Co., Ltd. Shanghai Paper shredder control system responsive to touch-sensitive element
US8146845B2 (en) 2008-08-06 2012-04-03 Aurora Office Equipment Co., Ltd. Shanghai Automatic shredder without choosing the number of paper to be shredded
US8087599B2 (en) 2009-05-07 2012-01-03 Aurora Office Equipment Co., Ltd. Anti-paper jam protection device for shredders

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
AU649665B2 (en) 1994-06-02
GR3021275T3 (en) 1997-01-31
ATE143624T1 (en) 1996-10-15
ES2092564T3 (en) 1996-12-01
JPH05505746A (en) 1993-08-26
CA2076534A1 (en) 1991-09-28
BR9106269A (en) 1993-04-13
DE69122500T2 (en) 1997-04-03
KR930700267A (en) 1993-03-13
GB9006782D0 (en) 1990-05-23
TR27611A (en) 1995-06-13
WO1991014546A1 (en) 1991-10-03
CN1035163C (en) 1997-06-18
PL166706B1 (en) 1995-06-30
AU7653291A (en) 1991-10-21
CA2076534C (en) 1998-10-06
EP0522071A4 (en) 1993-05-19
RU2091211C1 (en) 1997-09-27
CS9100834A2 (en) 1991-11-12
DE69122500D1 (en) 1996-11-07
CZ283054B6 (en) 1997-12-17
JP3085974B2 (en) 2000-09-11
UA25899C2 (en) 1999-02-26
KR0174756B1 (en) 1999-02-18
EP0522071A1 (en) 1993-01-13
DK0522071T3 (en) 1997-02-17
CN1057807A (en) 1992-01-15

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