EP0408408A1 - Collector of electromagnetic radiation - Google Patents

Collector of electromagnetic radiation Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0408408A1
EP0408408A1 EP90401776A EP90401776A EP0408408A1 EP 0408408 A1 EP0408408 A1 EP 0408408A1 EP 90401776 A EP90401776 A EP 90401776A EP 90401776 A EP90401776 A EP 90401776A EP 0408408 A1 EP0408408 A1 EP 0408408A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
electromagnetic energy
guided
plates
ground
ground plates
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Granted
Application number
EP90401776A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0408408B1 (en
Inventor
Hervé Coppier
Jean-Louis Pourailly
Joseph Roger
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Thales SA
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Thomson CSF SA
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Publication of EP0408408B1 publication Critical patent/EP0408408B1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q9/00—Electrically-short antennas having dimensions not more than twice the operating wavelength and consisting of conductive active radiating elements
    • H01Q9/04—Resonant antennas
    • H01Q9/0407—Substantially flat resonant element parallel to ground plane, e.g. patch antenna
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q13/00—Waveguide horns or mouths; Slot antennas; Leaky-waveguide antennas; Equivalent structures causing radiation along the transmission path of a guided wave
    • H01Q13/20—Non-resonant leaky-waveguide or transmission-line antennas; Equivalent structures causing radiation along the transmission path of a guided wave
    • H01Q13/22—Longitudinal slot in boundary wall of waveguide or transmission line

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to electromagnetic energy radiation sensors propagating between two ground plates, for example in a waveguide or in an antenna splitter of the optical Blass matrix type.
  • an antenna splitter of the optical Blass matrix type makes it possible to supply a network of radiating elements with microwave energy so as to simultaneously establish several radiation patterns, for example a sum diagram and a difference diagram, and that it includes several main microwave energy supply lines generating, thanks to obstacles, electromagnetic radiation which propagates directly between two ground plates and which must be picked up to supply a network of radiating elements.
  • the present invention aims to an electromagnetic energy radiation sensor propagating between two ground plates, which correctly samples the received field and which is of a simple structure, easy to manufacture, usable for the realization of multiple outputs an optical Blass matrix type distributor.
  • It relates to an energy radiation sensor guided between at least two parallel ground plates comprising a flat conductive tab disposed between the two ground plates in a plane parallel to them and oriented in the direction of propagation of the radiation d guided electromagnetic energy, and interspersed obstacles between the earth plates and the tongue transforming the guided electromagnetic energy between the two earth plates propagating in transverse electromagnetic mode into electromagnetic energy propagating in electric transverse mode in the three-ply structure formed by the tongue and the two earth plates .
  • the obstacles consist of conductive bars which are oriented perpendicular to the direction of propagation of the guided electromagnetic energy radiation and two of which are arranged one in front of the other opposite the tongue on a ground plate. , the third being placed opposite on the other ground plate.
  • FIG. 1 represents a row of electromagnetic energy radiation sensors mounted side by side along an edge of a strip 10 fitted on the opposite edge with coaxial sockets.
  • This strip 10 is intended to close the longitudinal opening of an antenna distributor of the optical Blass matrix type which is in the form of a hollow beam consisting of two superimposed mass plates 11, 12 joined on one side and at the ends by side walls not shown and separated from the other side by a longitudinal opening.
  • Main microwave energy supply lines, not shown, are placed inside the hollow beam over practically its entire length and generate in staggered locations corresponding to the staggering of the sensors on the strip 10, thanks to obstacles.
  • Each sensor which is placed in the longitudinal opening of the antenna distributor on the path of transverse electromagnetic radiation has a planar conductive tab 13, 14, 15 disposed between the two ground plates 11, 12 in a plane parallel to those here and obstacles 18, 19, 20 arranged opposite the conductive tab 13, 14, 15 against the ground plates 11, 12.
  • the conductive tab 13, 14, 15 is oriented in the direction of the intercepted electromagnetic radiation and connected through the strip 10 to a coaxial socket. It forms with the two ground plates a triplate dielectric structure. It consists of a copper block printed with the blocks of the tabs of the other sensors on an epoxy glass plate 16 mounted against the strip 10 in the median plane separating the two ground plates 11, 12. The epoxy glass plate is attached to the strip 10 by the blocks which are electrically connected to the cores of coaxial structures passing through the strip 10 and leading to coaxial sockets. It is supported on the side opposite to the strip 10 by a block of dielectric foam 21 in the form of a bar placed on the ground plate 12.
  • Each printed copper block has a rectangle-shaped outline, the largest dimension of which is oriented transversely by with respect to the strip 10, in the direction of the electromagnetic radiation intercepted and whose side 17 facing the strip 10 is rounded and beveled so as to constitute a transition for coaxial cable with low standing wave rate.
  • the obstacles 18, 19, 20 transform the transverse electromagnetic mode in which the electromagnetic radiation to be captured between the ground plates 11, 12 is propagated into a transverse electric mode capable of propagating in the three-ply structure formed by the conductive tab 13, 14 , 15 of a sensor and of the two earth plates 11, 12. They are formed by three metal bars 18, 19, 20 of rectangular section arranged parallel to the strip 10 opposite the conductive tabs 13, 14, 15 of the sensors, two 18, 19 on a ground plate 12 and the third 20 on the other ground plate 11. The section of these bars 18, 19, 20 and their positions are determined experimentally so as to obtain a low rate standing waves.

Abstract

Ce capteur de rayonnement d'énergie électromagnétique guidé entre deux plaques de masse parallèles (11, 12) comporte une languette conductrice plane (13, 14) disposée entre les deux plaques de masse (11, 12) dans un plan parallèle à celles-ci et orientée dans la direction de propagation de l'énergie électromagnétique guidée, et des obstacles (18, 19, 20) intercalés entre les plaques de masse (11, 12) et la languette (13, 14) transformant l'énergie électromagnétique guidée entre les deux plaques de masse (11, 12) se propageant en mode transverse électromagnétique en une énergie électromagnétique se propageant en mode transverse électrique dans la structure triplaque formée par la languette (13,14) et les deux plaques de masse (11, 12).This electromagnetic energy radiation sensor guided between two parallel ground plates (11, 12) has a planar conductive tab (13, 14) disposed between the two ground plates (11, 12) in a plane parallel to them. and oriented in the direction of propagation of the guided electromagnetic energy, and obstacles (18, 19, 20) interposed between the ground plates (11, 12) and the tongue (13, 14) transforming the guided electromagnetic energy between the two earth plates (11, 12) propagating in electromagnetic transverse mode into an electromagnetic energy propagating in electric transverse mode in the triplate structure formed by the tongue (13,14) and the two earth plates (11, 12) .

Description

La présente invention concerne les capteurs de rayonnement d'énergie électromagnétique se propageant entre deux plaques de masse par exemple dans un guide d'onde ou dans un répartiteur d'antenne de type matrice de Blass optique.The present invention relates to electromagnetic energy radiation sensors propagating between two ground plates, for example in a waveguide or in an antenna splitter of the optical Blass matrix type.

On rappelle qu'un répartiteur d'antenne de type matrice de Blass optique permet d'alimenter un réseau d'éléments rayonnants en énergie hyperfréquence de manière à établir simultanément plusieurs diagrammes de rayonnement par exemple un diagramme somme et un diagramme différence, et qu'il comporte plusieurs lignes principales d'amenée d'énergie hyperfréquence engendrant, grâce à des obstacles, des rayonnements électromagnétiques qui se propagent directivement entre deux plaques de masse et qui doivent être captés pour alimenter un réseau d'éléments rayonnants.It will be recalled that an antenna splitter of the optical Blass matrix type makes it possible to supply a network of radiating elements with microwave energy so as to simultaneously establish several radiation patterns, for example a sum diagram and a difference diagram, and that it includes several main microwave energy supply lines generating, thanks to obstacles, electromagnetic radiation which propagates directly between two ground plates and which must be picked up to supply a network of radiating elements.

Il est connu de capter un rayonnement d'énergie électromagnétique hyperfréquence se propageant entre deux plaques de masse par un système de boucle ou au moyen d'un dipôle plongeur perpendiculaire aux plaques de masse. Ces capteurs sont compliqués et difficiles à mettre en oeuvre.It is known to capture microwave electromagnetic energy radiation propagating between two ground plates by a loop system or by means of a dipole dipole perpendicular to the ground plates. These sensors are complicated and difficult to implement.

La présente invention a pour but un capteur de rayonnement d'énergie électromagnétique se propageant entre deux plaques de masse, qui échantillonne correctement le champ reçu et qui soit d'une structure simple, facile à fabriquer, utilisable pour la réalisation des multiples sorties d'un répartiteur de type matrice de Blass optique.The present invention aims to an electromagnetic energy radiation sensor propagating between two ground plates, which correctly samples the received field and which is of a simple structure, easy to manufacture, usable for the realization of multiple outputs an optical Blass matrix type distributor.

Elle a pour objet un capteur de rayonnement d'énergie guidé entre au moins deux plaques de masse parallèles comportant une languette conductrice plane disposée entre les deux plaques de masse dans un plan parallèle à celles-ci et orientée dans la direction de propagatlon du rayonnement d'énergie électromagnétique guidé, et des obstacles intercalés entre les plaques de masse et la languette transformant l'énergie électromagnétique guidée entre les deux plaques de masse se propageant en mode transverse électromagnétique en une énergie électromagnétique se propageant en mode transverse électrique dans la structure triplaque formée par la languette et les deux plaques de masse.It relates to an energy radiation sensor guided between at least two parallel ground plates comprising a flat conductive tab disposed between the two ground plates in a plane parallel to them and oriented in the direction of propagation of the radiation d guided electromagnetic energy, and interspersed obstacles between the earth plates and the tongue transforming the guided electromagnetic energy between the two earth plates propagating in transverse electromagnetic mode into electromagnetic energy propagating in electric transverse mode in the three-ply structure formed by the tongue and the two earth plates .

De manière avantageuse, les obstacles sont constitués par des barrettes conductrices qui sont orientées perpendiculairement à la direction de propagation du rayonnement d'énergie électromagnétique guidé et dont deux sont disposées l'une devant l'autre en regard de la languette sur une plaque de masse, la troisième étant placée en vis-à-vis sur l'autre plaque de masse.Advantageously, the obstacles consist of conductive bars which are oriented perpendicular to the direction of propagation of the guided electromagnetic energy radiation and two of which are arranged one in front of the other opposite the tongue on a ground plate. , the third being placed opposite on the other ground plate.

D'autres caractéristiques et avantages de l'invention ressortiront de la description ci-après d'un mode de réalisation de l'invention donné a titre d'exemple. Cette description sera faite en regard du dessin dans lequel :

  • - une figure 1 est une vue partielle en perspective coupée de capteurs de rayonnement d'énergie électromagnétique conformes à l'invention,
  • - une figure 2 est une vue en coupe longitudinale de l'un des capteurs vus à la figure 1,
  • - une figure 3 est une vue en coupe transversale des capteurs vus à la figure 1 et
  • - une figure 4 est une vue illustrant le profil d'une lamelle conductrice appartenant aux capteurs représentés dans les figures précédentes.
Other characteristics and advantages of the invention will emerge from the description below of an embodiment of the invention given by way of example. This description will be made with reference to the drawing in which:
  • FIG. 1 is a partial perspective view cut away of electromagnetic energy radiation sensors according to the invention,
  • FIG. 2 is a view in longitudinal section of one of the sensors seen in FIG. 1,
  • FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of the sensors seen in FIG. 1 and
  • - Figure 4 is a view illustrating the profile of a conductive strip belonging to the sensors shown in the previous figures.

La figure 1 représente une rangée de capteurs de rayonnements d'énergie électromagnétique montés côte a côte le long d'un bord d'une réglette 10 équipée sur le bord opposé de prises coaxiales. Cette réglette 10 est destinée à fermer l'ouverture longitudinale d'un répartiteur d'antenne de type matrice de Blass optique qui se présente sous la forme d'une poutre creuse constituée de deux plaques de masse 11, 12 superposées réunies sur un côté et aux extrémités par des parois latérales non représentées et séparées de l'autre côté par une ouverture longitudinale. Des lignes principales d'amenée d'énergie hyperfréquence non représentées, sont disposées à l'intérieur de la poutre creuse sur pratiquement toute sa longueur et engendrent en des emplacements échelonnés correspondant à l'échelonnement des capteurs sur la réglette 10, grâce à des obstacles adéquatement positionnés entre les plaques de masse 11, 12, des rayonnements électromagnétiques qui se propagent transversalement entre les deux plaques de masse 11, 12 en direction de l'ouverture longitudinale et des capteurs et qui sont destinés aux excitations des éléments rayonnants.FIG. 1 represents a row of electromagnetic energy radiation sensors mounted side by side along an edge of a strip 10 fitted on the opposite edge with coaxial sockets. This strip 10 is intended to close the longitudinal opening of an antenna distributor of the optical Blass matrix type which is in the form of a hollow beam consisting of two superimposed mass plates 11, 12 joined on one side and at the ends by side walls not shown and separated from the other side by a longitudinal opening. Main microwave energy supply lines, not shown, are placed inside the hollow beam over practically its entire length and generate in staggered locations corresponding to the staggering of the sensors on the strip 10, thanks to obstacles. suitably positioned between the earth plates 11, 12, electromagnetic radiation which propagates transversely between the two earth plates 11, 12 in the direction of the longitudinal opening and of the sensors and which are intended for the excitation of the radiating elements.

Chaque capteur qui est placé dans l'ouverture longitudinale du répartiteur d'antenne sur le trajet d'un rayonnement électromagnétique transversal comporte une languette conductrice plane 13, 14, 15 disposée entre les deux plaques de masse 11, 12 dans un plan parallèle à celles-ci et des obstacles 18, 19, 20 disposés en regard de la languette conductrice 13, 14, 15 contre les plaques de masse 11, 12.Each sensor which is placed in the longitudinal opening of the antenna distributor on the path of transverse electromagnetic radiation has a planar conductive tab 13, 14, 15 disposed between the two ground plates 11, 12 in a plane parallel to those here and obstacles 18, 19, 20 arranged opposite the conductive tab 13, 14, 15 against the ground plates 11, 12.

La languette conductrice 13, 14, 15 est orientée dans la direction du rayonnement électromagnétique intercepté et raccordée au travers de la réglette 10 à une prise coaxiale. Elle forme avec les deux plaques de masse une structure triplaque à diélectrique. Elle est constituée d'un pavé de cuivre imprimé avec les pavés des languettes des autres capteurs sur une plaquette de verre époxyde 16 montée contre la réglette 10 dans le plan médian séparant les deux plaques de masse 11, 12. La plaquette de verre époxyde est attachée à la réglette 10 par les pavés qui sont connectés électriquement aux âmes de structures coaxiales traversant la réglette 10 et aboutissant à des prises coaxiales. Elle est supportée du côté opposé à la réglette 10 par un bloc de mousse diélectrique 21 en forme de barrette posé sur la plaque de masse 12. Chaque pavé de cuivre imprimé a un contour en forme de rectangle dont la plus grande dimension est orientée transversalement par rapport à la réglette 10, dans la direction du rayonnement électromagnétique intercepté et dont le côté 17 tourné vers la réglette 10 est arrondi et biseauté de manière à constituer une transition pour câble coaxial à faible taux d'ondes stationnaires.The conductive tab 13, 14, 15 is oriented in the direction of the intercepted electromagnetic radiation and connected through the strip 10 to a coaxial socket. It forms with the two ground plates a triplate dielectric structure. It consists of a copper block printed with the blocks of the tabs of the other sensors on an epoxy glass plate 16 mounted against the strip 10 in the median plane separating the two ground plates 11, 12. The epoxy glass plate is attached to the strip 10 by the blocks which are electrically connected to the cores of coaxial structures passing through the strip 10 and leading to coaxial sockets. It is supported on the side opposite to the strip 10 by a block of dielectric foam 21 in the form of a bar placed on the ground plate 12. Each printed copper block has a rectangle-shaped outline, the largest dimension of which is oriented transversely by with respect to the strip 10, in the direction of the electromagnetic radiation intercepted and whose side 17 facing the strip 10 is rounded and beveled so as to constitute a transition for coaxial cable with low standing wave rate.

Les obstacles 18, 19, 20 transforment le mode transverse électromagnétique dans lequel se propage le rayonnement électromagnétique à capter entre les plaques de masse 11, 12 en un mode transverse électrique apte à se propager dans la structure triplaque formée de la languette conductrice 13, 14, 15 d'un capteur et des deux plaques de masse 11, 12. Ils sont formés de trois barrettes métalliques 18, 19, 20 à section rectangulaire disposées parallèlement à la réglette 10 en vis-à-vis des languettes conductrices 13, 14, 15 des capteurs, deux 18, 19 sur une plaque de masse 12 et la troisième 20 sur l'autre plaque de masse 11. La section de ces barrettes 18, 19, 20 et leurs positions sont déterminées expérimentalement de manière à obtenir un faible taux d'ondes stationnaires.The obstacles 18, 19, 20 transform the transverse electromagnetic mode in which the electromagnetic radiation to be captured between the ground plates 11, 12 is propagated into a transverse electric mode capable of propagating in the three-ply structure formed by the conductive tab 13, 14 , 15 of a sensor and of the two earth plates 11, 12. They are formed by three metal bars 18, 19, 20 of rectangular section arranged parallel to the strip 10 opposite the conductive tabs 13, 14, 15 of the sensors, two 18, 19 on a ground plate 12 and the third 20 on the other ground plate 11. The section of these bars 18, 19, 20 and their positions are determined experimentally so as to obtain a low rate standing waves.

Claims (6)

1. Capteur de rayonnement d'énergie électromagnétique guidé entre au moins deux plaques de masse parallèles (11, 12), caractérisé en ce qu'il comporte une languette conductrice plane (13, 14, 15) disposée entre les deux plaques de masse (11, 12) dans un plan parallèle à celles-ci et orientée dans la direction de propagation de l'énergie électromagnétique guidée, et des obstacles (18, 19, 20) intercalés entre les plaques de masse (11, 12) et la languette (13, 14, 15) transformant l'énergie électromagnétique guidée entre les deux plaques de masse se propageant en mode transverse électromagnétique en une énergie électromagnétique se propageant en mode transverse électrique dans la structure triplaque formée par la languette (13, 14, 15) et les deux plaques de masse (11, 12).1. Electromagnetic energy radiation sensor guided between at least two parallel ground plates (11, 12), characterized in that it comprises a flat conductive tab (13, 14, 15) disposed between the two ground plates ( 11, 12) in a plane parallel to them and oriented in the direction of propagation of the guided electromagnetic energy, and obstacles (18, 19, 20) interposed between the ground plates (11, 12) and the tongue (13, 14, 15) transforming the electromagnetic energy guided between the two mass plates propagating in transverse electromagnetic mode into electromagnetic energy propagating in transverse electric mode in the triplate structure formed by the tongue (13, 14, 15) and the two earth plates (11, 12). 2. Capteur selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que les obstacles (18, 19, 20) sont des barrettes conductrices disposées contre les plaques de masse (11, 12) en regard de la languette conductrice (13, 14, 15) et orientées perpendiculairement à la direction de propagation de l'énergie électromagnétique guldée.2. Sensor according to claim 1, characterized in that the obstacles (18, 19, 20) are conductive bars arranged against the ground plates (11, 12) facing the conductive tab (13, 14, 15) and oriented perpendicular to the direction of propagation of the guld electromagnetic energy. 3. Capteur selon la revendication 2, caractérisé en ce que les barrettes conductrices (18, 19, 20) sont au nombre de trois, deux (18, 13) étant disposées l'une devant l'autre en regard de la languette (13, 14, 15) sur une (12) plaque de masse et la troisième (20) placée en vis-à-vis sur l'autre plaque de masse (11).3. Sensor according to claim 2, characterized in that the conductive bars (18, 19, 20) are three in number, two (18, 13) being arranged one in front of the other opposite the tongue (13 , 14, 15) on one (12) ground plate and the third (20) placed opposite on the other ground plate (11). 4. Capteur selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que la languette conductrice (13, 14, 15) comporte, à l'opposé de la direction de provenance de l'énergie électromagnétique guidée, une extrémité (17) arrondie et biseautée constituant une transition pour câble coaxial.4. Sensor according to claim 1, characterized in that the conductive tab (13, 14, 15) comprises, opposite to the direction of origin of the electromagnetic energy guided, a rounded and bevelled end (17) constituting a transition for coaxial cable. 5. Capteur selon la revendication 4, caractérisé en ce que la languette conductrice (13, 14, 15) est fixée, du côté opposé à la direction de provenance de l'énergie électromagnétique guidée, à une prise coaxiale montée au travers d'une cloison transversale (10) attachée aux plaques de masse (11, 12) et supportée, du côté orienté dans la direction de provenance de l'énergie électromagnétique guidée, par un bloc de mousse (21) en un matériau diélectrique posé sur une plaque de masse (12).5. Sensor according to claim 4, characterized in that the conductive tab (13, 14, 15) is fixed, on the side opposite to the direction of origin of the guided electromagnetic energy, to a coaxial socket mounted through a transverse partition (10) attached to the ground plates (11, 12) and supported, on the side oriented in the direction from which the electromagnetic energy is guided, by a block of foam (21) made of a dielectric material placed on a plate mass (12). 6. Capteur selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que la languette conductrice (13, 14, 15) est portée par un substrat en verre époxyde.6. Sensor according to claim 1, characterized in that the conductive tab (13, 14, 15) is carried by an epoxy glass substrate.
EP90401776A 1989-07-07 1990-06-22 Collector of electromagnetic radiation Expired - Lifetime EP0408408B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR8909175 1989-07-07
FR8909175A FR2649490B1 (en) 1989-07-07 1989-07-07 ELECTROMAGNETIC ENERGY RADIATION SENSOR

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0408408A1 true EP0408408A1 (en) 1991-01-16
EP0408408B1 EP0408408B1 (en) 1994-11-09

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EP90401776A Expired - Lifetime EP0408408B1 (en) 1989-07-07 1990-06-22 Collector of electromagnetic radiation

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US (1) US5063363A (en)
EP (1) EP0408408B1 (en)
JP (1) JPH0344573A (en)
DE (1) DE69013998T2 (en)
FR (1) FR2649490B1 (en)

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US5350758A (en) * 1992-07-08 1994-09-27 Merrell Dow Pharmaceuticals Inc. Piperidyl sulfonamides and sulfoxamides as inhibitors of cholesterol biosynthesis
FR2697949B1 (en) * 1992-11-06 1995-01-06 Thomson Csf Antenna for radar, in particular for designation and trajectography.
FR2702090B1 (en) * 1993-02-26 1995-05-19 Thomson Csf Deviation measurement antenna for monopulse radar.
FR2725075B1 (en) * 1994-09-23 1996-11-15 Thomson Csf METHOD AND DEVICE FOR ENLARGING THE RADIATION DIAGRAM OF AN ACTIVE ANTENNA

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US4123758A (en) * 1976-02-27 1978-10-31 Sumitomo Electric Industries, Ltd. Disc antenna
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US4724443A (en) * 1985-10-31 1988-02-09 X-Cyte, Inc. Patch antenna with a strip line feed element

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Publication number Publication date
FR2649490B1 (en) 1991-09-20
DE69013998D1 (en) 1994-12-15
FR2649490A1 (en) 1991-01-11
US5063363A (en) 1991-11-05
DE69013998T2 (en) 1995-03-16
JPH0344573A (en) 1991-02-26
EP0408408B1 (en) 1994-11-09

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