EP0395463A1 - Method and apparatus for the artificial aging of textile materials and materials treated therewith - Google Patents

Method and apparatus for the artificial aging of textile materials and materials treated therewith Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0395463A1
EP0395463A1 EP90400955A EP90400955A EP0395463A1 EP 0395463 A1 EP0395463 A1 EP 0395463A1 EP 90400955 A EP90400955 A EP 90400955A EP 90400955 A EP90400955 A EP 90400955A EP 0395463 A1 EP0395463 A1 EP 0395463A1
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Prior art keywords
bodies
hundred
articles
machine
kilograms
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EP90400955A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0395463B1 (en
Inventor
Michel Val
Claude Blankiet
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Duhamel SA
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Duhamel SA
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Priority claimed from FR8905073A external-priority patent/FR2645551A1/en
Application filed by Duhamel SA filed Critical Duhamel SA
Publication of EP0395463A1 publication Critical patent/EP0395463A1/en
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    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06B—TREATING TEXTILE MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS, GASES OR VAPOURS
    • D06B11/00—Treatment of selected parts of textile materials, e.g. partial dyeing
    • D06B11/0093—Treatments carried out during or after a regular application of treating materials, in order to get differentiated effects on the textile material
    • D06B11/0096—Treatments carried out during or after a regular application of treating materials, in order to get differentiated effects on the textile material to get a faded look

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a process for premature wear of textile articles, as well as to the means for carrying out this process and to textile articles thus worn prematurely.
  • bodies formed at least in part from products known for their abrasiveness such as sandpaper (EP-A-259948), expanded clay cooked at very high temperature (FR-A-2605024), the most common product being pumice (FR-A-2517710 and 2525644, EP-A-238779).
  • the abrasive product is used in the form of pieces independent of each other and mixed with the clothes placed in the drum.
  • pumice stone crumbles and at the end of treatment it is recovered only about seventy five kilograms of pumice stone, many pieces of which remain in the folds and pockets of the clothes and require a long and expensive.
  • pumice stone is quite high cost even if it varies greatly with the seasons.
  • abrasive balls of spherical shapes each of them consisting of a rigid plastic core such as polypropylene covered with a more or less thick layer of a abrasive substance formed by polyester or acrylic fibers intertwined and fixed with an adhesive such as, for example, an epoxy resin on the surface of the core.
  • Polypropylene being a rigid and brittle material, it is not possible to use balls made only of this material, this is why, it is necessary to cover the core with a layer of a more elastic material.
  • connection of the outer layer with the core is not always very stubborn and flaps can detach from the core which can then either break or damage the walls of the machine.
  • One of the results which the invention aims to obtain is a process for premature wear of textile articles which uses bodies which themselves have practically zero wear after numerous treatments, so that they need only be replaced after very many months or even years of use.
  • the articles are brewed with bodies which, at least on a peripheral layer if not entirely thick, have a homogeneous structure of relatively flexible material having a shore hardness of between 50 and 70 as well as a compression index of 55 to 80 and preferably 65 to 70.
  • bodies 2 which are mixed with the textile articles 1 arranged in a machine for example with a rotary drum 3 and the whole is stirred with water 4 and possibly another agent for a certain period.
  • the articles are brewed with bodies 2 which, at least on a thick peripheral layer if not entirely, have a structure homogeneous relatively flexible material having a shore hardness between 50 and 70 and a compression index of 55 to 80 and preferably 65 to 70.
  • the body weight depends on the diameter of the drum.
  • the bodies are not likely to perforate the wall 6 of the drum 3 since the shocks are absorbed by the material which constitutes it.
  • the means for implementing this process essentially comprise bodies 2 which, at least on a thick peripheral layer if not entirely, have a homogeneous structure of relatively flexible material having a shore hardness of between 50 and 70 as well as a compression index of 55 to 80 and preferably 65 to 70.
  • the material will for example be an elastomer such as a polybutadiene.
  • These bodies 2 will preferably have a spherical shape whose diameter d will be between thirty five and fifty millimeters and preferably between forty and forty five millimeters.
  • fillers are incorporated into its structure.
  • These fillers are made up either of granules of more or less large sizes, or of spiral wires of stainless material.

Abstract

Method of artificial aging of textile articles. <??>It is characterised in that instead of making use of bodies 2 of a material known for its abrasiveness, the articles are stirred with bodies 2 which, at least over a thick peripheral layer if not entirely, have a homogeneous structure made of a relatively flexible material which has a Shore hardness of between 50 and 70 and a compression value of 55 to 80 and preferably of 65 to 70. <IMAGE>

Description

L'invention se rapporte à un procédé d'usure prématurée d'articles textiles, de même qu'aux moyens en vue de la mise en oeuvre de ce procédé et aux articles textiles ainsi usés prématurément.The invention relates to a process for premature wear of textile articles, as well as to the means for carrying out this process and to textile articles thus worn prematurely.

Elle s'applique plus particulièrement mais non exclusivement aux articles textiles en toile de coton ayant subi une teinture et plus spécialement encore en toile bleue dite "jeans".It applies more particularly but not exclusively to textile articles in cotton canvas having been dyed and more especially still in blue fabric known as "jeans".

Après une certaine période d'utilisation de vêtements confectionnés avec cette toile, l'usure superficielle subie par les vêtements tend naturellement à en éclaircir la couleur.After a certain period of use of clothes made with this fabric, the surface wear suffered by the clothes naturally tends to lighten the color.

La mode a toutefois imposé qu'avant toute utilisation, afin de paraître moins neufs, les vêtements subissent une opération d'usure prématurée tendant à en éclaircir artificiellement la couleur.However, fashion has imposed that before any use, in order to appear less new, the clothing undergoes an operation of premature wear tending to artificially lighten the color.

Dans tous les procédés non chimiques connus à ce jour, il est fait appel à des corps formés au moins en partie de produits connus pour leur pouvoir abrasif, tels le papier de verre (EP-A-­259948), l'argile expansée cuite à très haute température (FR-A-2605024), le produit le plus répandu étant la pierre ponce (FR-A-2517710 et 2525644, EP-A-238779).In all the non-chemical processes known to date, use is made of bodies formed at least in part from products known for their abrasiveness, such as sandpaper (EP-A-259948), expanded clay cooked at very high temperature (FR-A-2605024), the most common product being pumice (FR-A-2517710 and 2525644, EP-A-238779).

Il est connu de garnir de ce produit abrasif la face latérale d'un tambour rotatif (FR-A-2514793) dans lequel, avec de l'eau, les vêtements sont disposés de sorte que par la rotation du tambour, les vêtements viennent périodiquement en contact avec les garnitures abrasives qui leur font subir une usure superficielle.It is known to garnish with this abrasive product the side face of a rotary drum (FR-A-2514793) in which, with water, the garments are arranged so that by the rotation of the drum, the garments come periodically in contact with the abrasive linings which subject them to surface wear.

Malheureusement, la pierre ponce s'effrite, aussi les garnitures doivent elles fréquemment être changées ce qui est un travail très astreignant.Unfortunately, the pumice stone crumbles, so the fittings often have to be changed, which is a very demanding job.

Afin de remédier à cet inconvénient, classiquement le produit abrasif est utilisé sous forme de morceaux indépendants les uns des autres et mélangé aux vêtements disposés dans le tambour.In order to overcome this drawback, conventionally the abrasive product is used in the form of pieces independent of each other and mixed with the clothes placed in the drum.

Par exemple pour user prématurément cent kilogrammes de vêtements, on place avec eux dans le tambour d'une machine à laver environ cent cinquante kilogrammes de pierre ponce cassée en morceaux de l'ordre de cinquante millimètres de dimension transversale et on brasse le tout avec de l'eau et éventuellement un autre agent pendant une ou deux heures selon le type de traitement.For example, to prematurely wear one hundred kilograms of clothes, we place with them in the drum of a washing machine about one hundred and fifty kilograms of pumice stone broken into pieces of the order of fifty millimeters in transverse dimension and we mix everything with water and possibly another agent for one or two hours depending on the type of treatment.

Comme indiqué plus haut, la pierre ponce s'effrite et en fin de traitement il n'est récupéré qu'environ soixante quinze kilogrammes de pierre ponce dont de nombreux morceaux restent dans les plis et poches des vêtements et obligent à effectuer un contrôle long et onéreux.As indicated above, the pumice stone crumbles and at the end of treatment it is recovered only about seventy five kilograms of pumice stone, many pieces of which remain in the folds and pockets of the clothes and require a long and expensive.

Les soixante quinze kilogrammes de pierre ponce perdue sont éliminés avec les eaux de lavage et ont la facheuse tendance à boucher les filtres des stations d'épuration des eaux.The seventy-five kilograms of lost pumice are eliminated with the washing water and tends to clog the filters of the water treatment plants.

De plus la pierre ponce est de coût assez élevé même s'il varie grandement selon les saisons.In addition pumice stone is quite high cost even if it varies greatly with the seasons.

Il est également connu (FR-A-2525644) de réaliser des éléments abrasifs artificiels en poudre de pierre ponce reconstituée en morceaux de formes diverses à l'aide d'agglomérants vitrifiés.It is also known (FR-A-2525644) to produce artificial abrasive elements in pumice stone powder reconstituted into pieces of various shapes using vitrified binders.

Si cela limite l'effritement des produits abrasifs et les inconvénients précités qui en découlent, il n'en reste pas moins que compte-tenu du pouvoir abrasif de ces produits naturels ou artificiels et des percussions que la rotation provoque contre les articles et le tambour, ceux-ci détériorent la machine et les articles : en ce qui concerne la machine, au moins le tambour doit être changé à brève échéance et par exemple après environ deux ans d'utilisation, et ce, même avec un tambour en tôle d'acier inoxydable, ce qui bien sûr majore fortement le prix de revient du traitement.If this limits the crumbling of abrasive products and the aforementioned drawbacks which result therefrom, the fact remains that given the abrasive power of these natural or artificial products and the percussions that rotation causes against the articles and the drum, these deteriorate the machine and the articles: with regard to the machine, at least the drum must be changed in the short term and for example after about two years of use, even with a drum made of stainless steel sheet, which of course greatly increases the cost price of the treatment.

Quant aux articles, l'usure prématurée est accentuée au droit des arêtes tels les bords des plis, des étiquettes et poches, lesquels articles peuvent ainsi être atteints de manière obligeant à mettre les vêtements aux rebuts ou au moins de côté pour être réparés.As for articles, premature wear is accentuated at the level of edges such as the edges of folds, labels and pockets, which articles can thus be reached so as to oblige to put the garbage in the scrapped or at least aside to be repaired.

Est connue aussi (US-A-4.750.227) l'utilisation de boules abrasives de formes sphériques, chacune d'elles étant constituée par un noyau rigide en matière plastique comme le polypropylène recouvert d'une couche plus ou moins épaisse d'une substance abrasive formée par des fibres de type polyester ou acrylique entrelacées et fixées à l'aide d'un adhésif comme, par exemple, une résine epoxy sur la surface du noyau.Is also known (US-A-4,750,227) the use of abrasive balls of spherical shapes, each of them consisting of a rigid plastic core such as polypropylene covered with a more or less thick layer of a abrasive substance formed by polyester or acrylic fibers intertwined and fixed with an adhesive such as, for example, an epoxy resin on the surface of the core.

Le polypropylène étant un matériau rigide et cassant, il n'est pas possible d'utiliser des boules faites uniquement de ce matériau, c'est pourquoi, il est nécessaire de recouvrir le noyau d'une couche d'un matériau plus élastique.Polypropylene being a rigid and brittle material, it is not possible to use balls made only of this material, this is why, it is necessary to cover the core with a layer of a more elastic material.

La fabrication de ces éléments est plus longue et augmente le prix de revient.The manufacture of these elements is longer and increases the cost price.

Par ailleurs, la liaison de la couche externe avec le noyau n'est pas toujours très tenace et des lambeaux peuvent se détacher du noyau qui, alors, peut soit se briser, soit endommager les parois de la machine.In addition, the connection of the outer layer with the core is not always very stubborn and flaps can detach from the core which can then either break or damage the walls of the machine.

Un des résultats que l'invention vise à obtenir est un procédé d'usure prématurée d'articles textiles qui fait appel à des corps présentant eux mêmes après de nombreux traitements une usure pratiquement nulle de sorte qu'ils ne devront être remplacés qu'après de très nombreux mois voire années d'utilisation.One of the results which the invention aims to obtain is a process for premature wear of textile articles which uses bodies which themselves have practically zero wear after numerous treatments, so that they need only be replaced after very many months or even years of use.

Un autre résultat qui découle du précédent est un procédé qui ne perturbe pas le fonctionnement des stations d'épuration.Another result which follows from the previous one is a process which does not disturb the operation of the treatment plants.

Est également un résultat de l'invention, un procédé qui favorise la longévité de la machine et n'atteigne pas de manière irrémédiable les arêtes des articles tels les bords des plis, des étiquettes et poches.Is also a result of the invention, a process which promotes the longevity of the machine and does not irreparably reach the edges of articles such as the edges of folds, labels and pockets.

A cet effet, elle a pour objet un procédé du type précité notamment caractérisé en ce qu'au lieu de faire appel à des corps en matériau connu pour son pouvoir abrasif, on brasse les articles avec des corps qui, au moins sur une couche périphérique épaisse sinon en totalité, présentent une structure homogène en matériau relativement souple présentant une dureté shore comprise entre 50 et 70 ainsi qu'un indice de compression de 55 à 80 et de préférence de 65 à 70.To this end, it relates to a process of the aforementioned type, in particular characterized in that, instead of using bodies made of material known for its abrasive power, the articles are brewed with bodies which, at least on a peripheral layer if not entirely thick, have a homogeneous structure of relatively flexible material having a shore hardness of between 50 and 70 as well as a compression index of 55 to 80 and preferably 65 to 70.

Elle a également pour objet les moyens en vue de la mise en oeuvre de ce procédé et les articles textiles ainsi usés prématurément.It also relates to the means for the implementation of this process and the textile articles thus worn prematurely.

L'invention sera bien comprise à l'aide de la description ci-après faite, à titre d'exemple non limitatif, en regard du dessin ci-annexé qui représente schématiquement :

  • - figure 1 : un des moyens de mise en oeuvre du procédé de l'invention,
  • - figure 2 : une machine vue en coupe, en cours de traitement d'articles textiles.
The invention will be clearly understood with the aid of the description below, given by way of nonlimiting example, with reference to the attached drawing which schematically represents:
  • - Figure 1: one of the means for implementing the method of the invention,
  • - Figure 2: a machine seen in section, during processing of textile articles.

De manière connue, pour l'usure prématurée des articles textiles 1, il est fait appel à des corps 2 qui sont mélangés aux articles textiles 1 disposés dans une machine par exemple à tambour rotatif 3 et on brasse le tout avec de l'eau 4 et éventuellement un autre agent pendant une certaine durée.In known manner, for the premature wear of the textile articles 1, use is made of bodies 2 which are mixed with the textile articles 1 arranged in a machine for example with a rotary drum 3 and the whole is stirred with water 4 and possibly another agent for a certain period.

Selon une caractéristique essentielle de l'invention, au lieu de faire appel à des corps 2 en matériau connu pour son pouvoir abrasif, on brasse les articles avec des corps 2 qui, au moins sur une couche périphérique épaisse sinon en totalité, présentent une structure homogène en matériau relativement souple présentant une dureté shore comprise entre 50 et 70 ainsi qu'un indice de compression de 55 à 80 et de préférence de 65 à 70.According to an essential characteristic of the invention, instead of using bodies 2 made of material known for its abrasiveness, the articles are brewed with bodies 2 which, at least on a thick peripheral layer if not entirely, have a structure homogeneous relatively flexible material having a shore hardness between 50 and 70 and a compression index of 55 to 80 and preferably 65 to 70.

Pour cent kilogrammes d'articles à traiter, on ajoute cent à deux cents kilogrammes de corps que l'on brasse pendant une demi-heure ou une heure selon le type de traitement soit un temps deux fois plus bref qu'avec la pierre ponce.For one hundred kilograms of articles to be treated, add one hundred to two hundred kilograms of bodies that are brewed for half an hour or an hour depending on the type of treatment, which is twice as short as with pumice.

Le poids de corps est fonction du diamètre du tambour.The body weight depends on the diameter of the drum.

Pour une machine 5 dont le tambour 3 a un diamètre D de l'ordre de un mètre quatre vingt, cent à cent vingt kilogrammes de corps suffiront vu leur action accrue par leur hauteur de chute.For a machine 5 whose drum 3 has a diameter D of the order of one meter eighty, one hundred to one hundred and twenty kilograms of bodies will suffice given their increased action by their height of fall.

Pour une machine 5 de diamètre plus petit, le poids de corps nécessaire tend alors vers les deux cents kilogrammes.For a machine 5 of smaller diameter, the necessary body weight then tends towards two hundred kilograms.

Malgré ladite hauteur de chute, les corps ne risquent pas de perforer la paroi 6 du tambour 3 puisque les chocs sont amortis par le matériau qui le constitue.Despite said height of fall, the bodies are not likely to perforate the wall 6 of the drum 3 since the shocks are absorbed by the material which constitutes it.

Les moyens en vue de la mise en oeuvre de ce procédé comprennent essentiellement des corps 2 qui, au moins sur une couche périphérique épaisse sinon en totalité, présentent une structure homogène en matériau relativement souple présentant une dureté shore comprise entre 50 et 70 ainsi qu'un indice de compression de 55 à 80 et de préférence de 65 à 70.The means for implementing this process essentially comprise bodies 2 which, at least on a thick peripheral layer if not entirely, have a homogeneous structure of relatively flexible material having a shore hardness of between 50 and 70 as well as a compression index of 55 to 80 and preferably 65 to 70.

Le matériau sera par exemple un élastomère tel un polybutadiène.The material will for example be an elastomer such as a polybutadiene.

Ces corps 2 auront de préférence une forme sphérique dont le diamètre d sera compris entre trente cinq et cinquante millimètres et de préférence entre quarante et quarante cinq millimètres.These bodies 2 will preferably have a spherical shape whose diameter d will be between thirty five and fifty millimeters and preferably between forty and forty five millimeters.

Son poids sera de l'ordre de quarante à cinquante grammes.Its weight will be of the order of forty to fifty grams.

Ils présentent une surface latérale lisse ou présentant des alvéoles 7.They have a smooth lateral surface or have cells 7.

Dans une forme de réalisation, lors de la fabrication des corps 2, des charges sont incorporées à sa structure.In one embodiment, during the manufacture of the bodies 2, fillers are incorporated into its structure.

Ces charges sont constituées soit de granules de tailles plus ou moins importantes, soit de fils spiralés en matière inoxydable.These fillers are made up either of granules of more or less large sizes, or of spiral wires of stainless material.

Pour les essais ont été utilisés des corps de quarante deux millimètres soixante sept de diamètre dont le poids moyen était de quarante six grammes. Les résultats se sont avérés satisfaisants.For the tests were used bodies of forty two millimeters sixty seven in diameter whose average weight was forty six grams. The results have been found to be satisfactory.

Les articles 1 ainsi traités sont remarquables en ce que leurs arêtes ne sont pas irrémédiablement atteintes.Articles 1 thus treated are remarkable in that their edges are not irretrievably reached.

Claims (10)

1. Procédé d'usure prématurée d'articles textiles en vue d'en éclaircir artificiellement la couleur, selon lequel procédé il est fait appel à des corps (2) qui, avec les articles textiles disposés dans une machine, sont mis en présence avec de l'eau (4) et éventuellement un autre agent pendant une certaine durée,
ce procédé étant CARACTERISE en ce qu'au lieu de faire appel à des corps (2) en matériau connu pour son pouvoir abrasif, on brasse les articles avec des corps (2) qui, au moins sur une couche périphérique épaisse sinon en totalité, présentent une structure homogène en matériau relativement souple présentant une dureté shore comprise entre 50 et 70 ainsi qu'un indice de compression de 55 à 80 et de préférence de 65 à 70.1. Process for premature wear of textile articles with a view to artificially lightening the color thereof, according to which method bodies (2) are used which, with the textile articles placed in a machine, are brought into contact with water (4) and possibly another agent for a certain period,
this process being CHARACTERIZED in that instead of using bodies (2) made of material known for its abrasiveness, the articles are brewed with bodies (2) which, at least on a thick peripheral layer if not entirely, have a homogeneous structure of relatively flexible material having a shore hardness of between 50 and 70 as well as a compression index of 55 to 80 and preferably from 65 to 70. 2. Procédé selon la revendication 1 caractérisé en ce que pour cent kilogrammes d'articles à traiter, on ajoute cent à deux cents kilogrammes de corps que l'on brasse pendant une demi-heure ou une heure selon le type de traitement.2. Method according to claim 1 characterized in that for one hundred kilograms of articles to be treated, one adds one hundred to two hundred kilograms of body which is stirred for half an hour or one hour depending on the type of treatment. 3. Procédé selon la revendication 2 dont la machine comprend un tambour rotatif (3), caractérisé en ce que pour une machine dont le tambour a un diamètre de l'ordre de un mètre quatre vingt, on ajoute cent à cent vingts kilogrammes de corps (2).3. Method according to claim 2, the machine comprises a rotary drum (3), characterized in that for a machine whose drum has a diameter of the order of one meter eighty, add one hundred to one hundred and twenty kilograms of body (2). 4. Procédé selon la revendication 2 dont la machine comprend un tambour rotatif (3) caractérisé en ce que, pour une machine dont le tambour a un diamètre plus petit que un mètre quatre vingt de diamètre, le poids des corps nécessaires tend vers deux cents kilogrammes.4. Method according to claim 2, the machine comprising a rotary drum (3) characterized in that, for a machine whose drum has a diameter smaller than one meter eighty in diameter, the weight of the necessary bodies tends to two hundred kilograms. 5. Moyens en vue de la mise en oeuvre du procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 4 caractérisés en ce qu'ils comprennent essentiellement des corps (2) qui , au moins sur une couche périphérique épaisse sinon en totalité, présentent une structure homogène en matériau relativement souple présentant une dureté shore comprise entre 50 et 70 ainsi qu'un indice de compression de 55 à 80 et de préférence de 65 à 70.5. Means for carrying out the method according to any one of claims 1 to 4 characterized in that they essentially comprise bodies (2) which, at least on a thick peripheral layer if not entirely, have a homogeneous structure of relatively flexible material having a shore hardness between 50 and 70 as well as a compression index of 55 to 80 and preferably 65 to 70. 6. Moyens selon la revendication 5 caractérisés en ce que le matériau est un élastomère.6. Means according to claim 5 characterized in that the material is an elastomer. 7. Moyens selon la revendication 5 ou 6 caractérisés en ce que ces corps (2) ont une forme sphérique dont le diamètre est compris entre trente cinq et cinquante millimètres et de préférence entre quarante et quarante cinq millimètres.7. Means according to claim 5 or 6 characterized in that these bodies (2) have a spherical shape whose diameter is between thirty five and fifty millimeters and preferably between forty and forty five millimeters. 8. Moyens selon l'une quelconque des revendications 5 à 7 caractérisés en ce que le poids de chaque corps est de l'ordre de quarante à cinquante grammes.8. Means according to any one of claims 5 to 7 characterized in that the weight of each body is of the order of forty to fifty grams. 9. Moyens selon l'une quelconque des revendications 5 à 8 caractérisés en ce que chaque corps présente une surface latérale alvéolée.9. Means according to any one of claims 5 to 8 characterized in that each body has a honeycombed side surface. 10. Articles textiles caractérisés en ce que sont traitement d'usure prématurée a été réalisé selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 4.10. Textile articles characterized in that their treatment of premature wear was carried out according to any one of claims 1 to 4.
EP90400955A 1989-04-10 1990-04-09 Method and apparatus for the artificial aging of textile materials and materials treated therewith Expired - Lifetime EP0395463B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR8905073A FR2645551A1 (en) 1989-04-10 1989-04-10 Washing method to give denim clothing premature wear
FR8905073 1989-04-10
CA002027305A CA2027305C (en) 1989-04-10 1990-10-10 Process and apparatus for accelerated weathering of textiles and articles produced thereby

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0395463A1 true EP0395463A1 (en) 1990-10-31
EP0395463B1 EP0395463B1 (en) 1994-06-01

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EP90400955A Expired - Lifetime EP0395463B1 (en) 1989-04-10 1990-04-09 Method and apparatus for the artificial aging of textile materials and materials treated therewith

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US (1) US5093948A (en)
EP (1) EP0395463B1 (en)
AT (1) ATE106468T1 (en)
CA (1) CA2027305C (en)
DE (1) DE69009284T2 (en)
ES (1) ES2056399T3 (en)

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FR2681077A1 (en) * 1991-09-06 1993-03-12 Chevignon Charles Process for the manufacture of leather garments which have an aged appearance
EP0574830A1 (en) * 1992-06-12 1993-12-22 Dennert Poraver GmbH Method for raising fabrics
CN106592159A (en) * 2012-01-31 2017-04-26 海尔集团技术研发中心 Lifting rib of washing machine and washing machine using lifting rib

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FR2666101B1 (en) * 1990-08-23 1994-10-14 Sylvie Dameron METHOD AND DEVICE FOR WASHING OBJECTS USING A ROTARY DRUM WASHING MACHINE.
US5511265A (en) * 1994-12-13 1996-04-30 Caputo; Ralph N. Fabric cleaning aid and method thereof
DE102004052881A1 (en) * 2004-11-02 2006-05-04 Rösler Holding GmbH & Co. KG Grinding element for slip grinding has at least a surface layer which is made of an elastically damping material with a specified range of Shore hardness
US7950090B2 (en) * 2009-01-07 2011-05-31 Man Fung Technologies, Inc. Article and method for distress-washing fabric
GB0920565D0 (en) 2009-11-24 2010-01-06 Xeros Ltd Improved cleaning apparatus
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EP0574830A1 (en) * 1992-06-12 1993-12-22 Dennert Poraver GmbH Method for raising fabrics
CN106592159A (en) * 2012-01-31 2017-04-26 海尔集团技术研发中心 Lifting rib of washing machine and washing machine using lifting rib

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ATE106468T1 (en) 1994-06-15
EP0395463B1 (en) 1994-06-01
DE69009284D1 (en) 1994-07-07
CA2027305C (en) 1997-04-15
US5093948A (en) 1992-03-10
ES2056399T3 (en) 1994-10-01
DE69009284T2 (en) 1994-12-08
CA2027305A1 (en) 1992-04-11

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