EP0377425A1 - Heating element - Google Patents
Heating element Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0377425A1 EP0377425A1 EP89870217A EP89870217A EP0377425A1 EP 0377425 A1 EP0377425 A1 EP 0377425A1 EP 89870217 A EP89870217 A EP 89870217A EP 89870217 A EP89870217 A EP 89870217A EP 0377425 A1 EP0377425 A1 EP 0377425A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- heating element
- flat
- element according
- support
- electric heating
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 69
- 239000010445 mica Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 229910052618 mica group Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 238000005485 electric heating Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000004026 adhesive bonding Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000010455 vermiculite Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052902 vermiculite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000019354 vermiculite Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 7
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000010425 asbestos Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229910052895 riebeckite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 229910001018 Cast iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 241000239290 Araneae Species 0.000 description 2
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002356 single layer Substances 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000004308 accommodation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004075 alteration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000712 assembly Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000429 assembly Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011888 foil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052736 halogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000002367 halogens Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000009931 harmful effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011368 organic material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000035939 shock Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920003002 synthetic resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000000057 synthetic resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 210000002105 tongue Anatomy 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B3/00—Ohmic-resistance heating
- H05B3/20—Heating elements having extended surface area substantially in a two-dimensional plane, e.g. plate-heater
- H05B3/22—Heating elements having extended surface area substantially in a two-dimensional plane, e.g. plate-heater non-flexible
- H05B3/26—Heating elements having extended surface area substantially in a two-dimensional plane, e.g. plate-heater non-flexible heating conductor mounted on insulating base
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B3/00—Ohmic-resistance heating
- H05B3/20—Heating elements having extended surface area substantially in a two-dimensional plane, e.g. plate-heater
- H05B3/22—Heating elements having extended surface area substantially in a two-dimensional plane, e.g. plate-heater non-flexible
- H05B3/28—Heating elements having extended surface area substantially in a two-dimensional plane, e.g. plate-heater non-flexible heating conductor embedded in insulating material
- H05B3/30—Heating elements having extended surface area substantially in a two-dimensional plane, e.g. plate-heater non-flexible heating conductor embedded in insulating material on or between metallic plates
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B2203/00—Aspects relating to Ohmic resistive heating covered by group H05B3/00
- H05B2203/002—Heaters using a particular layout for the resistive material or resistive elements
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B2203/00—Aspects relating to Ohmic resistive heating covered by group H05B3/00
- H05B2203/014—Heaters using resistive wires or cables not provided for in H05B3/54
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B2203/00—Aspects relating to Ohmic resistive heating covered by group H05B3/00
- H05B2203/017—Manufacturing methods or apparatus for heaters
Definitions
- the present invention relates to an electric heating element intended to be placed in industrial, domestic or household heating appliances, for example.
- Flat heating elements which, for example, consist of one or more sheets of impregnated mica paper, of a flat electrical conductor and of one or more sheets of impregnated mica paper arranged on the second face of the electrical conductor.
- the flat heating element tends to expand and there are areas in which the contact between the heating element and the surface to be heated is no longer intimate. This effect leads to a modification of the heat transfer mode: we go from conduction to radiation combined with convection. This locally leads to an increase in temperature of the flat heating element, which can lead to a thermal runaway phenomenon which leads to the destruction of the heating element or to alterations thereof such as the presence of cracks, folds or changes in color of the substrate.
- heating and / or cooling sandwich panels are known, constituted by a light core allowing the accommodation of accessories and of two monolayer or multilayer skins, of which at least one monolayer skin or a layer multilayer skin consists of a heating and / or cooling element.
- Document US-A-3,737,624 describes a complex heating element comprising a flat heating element, a layer of asbestos, a layer of asbestos coated on both sides with an aluminum reflective sheet and two layers asbestos consisting of a sheet of asbestos arranged to create cells.
- the arrangement described does not, however, provide a rigid assembly which is sufficiently resistant from a mechanical point of view. It allows a deformation of the heating element under the effect of heat, which leads to a modification of the heat transfer mode, in particular because of the lack of adhesion between layers.
- the asbestos structure also constitutes a compressible layer. In addition, asbestos is not suitable in many applications, particularly in domestic appliances.
- the present invention aims to provide an electric heating element intended to be placed in industrial, domestic or household heating appliances, which does not have the abovementioned drawbacks of the prior art. It aims in particular to provide an electric heating element in which the flat heating element is held against the surface to be heated or in the direction of the use of the heat emitted.
- a heating element of the aforementioned type which comprises at least one flat heating element secured by lashing by studs, by belt or by gluing, to a support constituted by a honeycomb structure or grid. in a compound based on mica, in particular in impregnated mica paper.
- the structured support allows compression of the flat heating element against the surface to be heated and guarantees a pressure distributed over the surface of said flat heating element.
- the flat heating element consists of electrical conductors embedded in sheets of impregnated mica paper.
- the thermal expansions of one or the other are equal and that the stability of the heating element of the invention is further improved.
- the honeycomb support can be made integral with the flat heating element by lashing by studs or by belt. We can also provide a bonding, especially when the materials of the flat heating element and the support are compatible.
- honeycomb structure or the like is covered, on the face opposite to the flat heating element, with a reflective plate.
- This can be made of a material known per se which fulfills the function of reflection and which resists the thermal and / or mechanical stresses to which it is subjected.
- This reflective plate can also fulfill other functions such as a stop for fixing by studs, base plate of the structure of the heating appliance equipped with the heating device according to the invention and closing of the hollows of the structure. honeycomb or the like for the purpose of confining air masses and limiting convection.
- the heating element according to the present invention allows the fixing of a flat heating element against a heating surface of a heating device while ensuring adequate maintenance of the flat heating element. It also guarantees thermal insulation on the rear face of the assembly, an increase in performance in use, a high impact resistance as well as great electrical safety at the rear of the assembly. It is also easy to provide an outlet for electrical connections and, possibly, the installation of regulation means, such as a thermostat, or of current limitation for example.
- the support structured as a honeycomb or the like can then be provided with notches, cutouts or the like.
- a flat heating element made of mica known per se with a support structured in honeycomb in mica and cover the back of the support with a metallic sheet in aluminum, stainless steel or made of aluminum foil glued to a stainless steel sheet or still from a mica-based sheet.
- the heating element according to the present invention is particularly suitable for an application against surfaces to be heated in cast iron, in vitro-ceramic, in aluminum, in stainless steel or in sandwich steel or other suitable organic materials.
- the heating element according to the invention without a surface to be heated, that is to say for example in toasters.
- the structured honeycomb support can for example be produced using tongues based on impregnated mica paper, provided with slits and fitted into each other. It is obvious that the thickness of these can vary with the pressure to be applied as well as with the height and spacing thereof. In general, the thickness is between 0.1 and 1.0 mm and the height is between 3 and 10 mm, the spacing of the tabs can vary from 1 to 25 mm.
- Temperature ranges of up to 750 ° C have been obtained at the surface of the flat heating element.
- a surface to be heated 1 such as for example the bottom of a fryer tank or a vitro-ceramic plate.
- a heating element 3 according to the invention is secured to the underside of the surface to be heated 1 by means known per se (not shown).
- the heating element consists of a flat heating element 5 associated with a support structured as a honeycomb or the like 7, for example a cross structure, in particular a grid based on impregnated mica paper, and a plate reflector 9 fixed against the structured support, on the face opposite to the flat heating element.
- Example 1 Application to an electric fryer.
- a heating element according to the invention is placed against the underside of the bottom of a fryer bowl.
- the structured support of the heating element of the invention consists of a cross made from impregnated mica paper having a thickness of 0.4 mm.
- the support has a cross height of 10 mm and a cross pitch of 10 mm also.
- the heating element is circular in shape and has a diameter of 150 mm.
- the reflecting plate which may have a larger dimension, consists of a stainless steel of the stainless steel type 304 and is screwed or welded or else brazed to the bottom of the bowl which has a dimension of the order of 250 mm.
- the heating element according to the invention has a power of 1500 W.
- the fryer bowl is made of aluminum and has a thickness of the order of 2 mm.
- a heating element according to the invention with a diameter of 180 mm and a power of 2000 W was placed under a vitro-ceramic hob of an electric stove.
- the vitro-ceramic plate has a thickness of 4 mm and a dimension of 250 x 250 mm.
- the heating element has dimensions close to those of the ceramic hob and consists of a flat heating element and a cross made from impregnated mica paper with a thickness of 0.4 mm, d 'a height of 10 mm spider, the pitch of the spider also being 10 mm.
- the heating element is proclaimed using a metal sheet screwed or welded or brazed to the stove frame.
- the arrangement of the device according to the invention is significantly less fragile during transport, assembly and operation than the conventional system, in particular as regards resistance to shock and vibration.
Abstract
Description
La présente invention est relative à un élément de chauffage électrique destiné à être placé dans des appareils de chauffage industriel, domestique ou ménager, par exemple.The present invention relates to an electric heating element intended to be placed in industrial, domestic or household heating appliances, for example.
On connaît des éléments de chauffage plats qui sont par exemple constitués d'une ou plusieurs feuilles de papier mica imprégné, d'un conducteur électrique plat et d'une ou plusieurs feuilles de papier mica imprégné disposées sur la deuxième face du conducteur électrique.Flat heating elements are known which, for example, consist of one or more sheets of impregnated mica paper, of a flat electrical conductor and of one or more sheets of impregnated mica paper arranged on the second face of the electrical conductor.
Par la demande de brevet WO 88/04 874 de la demanderesse et par un nombre d'autres publications, comme par exemple EP-A-0 127 226, EP-A-0 202 969 et FR-A-2 395 661, on connaît des éléments de chauffage plats comportant un conducteur électrique enrobé de mica, qui sont destinés à être utilisés dans des appareils de chauffage électrique. Le document CH-A-607 528 décrit également un élément de chauffage plat équipé de circuits de régulation, constitué d'un conducteur électrique noyé entre deux couches de résine synthétique.By patent application WO 88/04 874 of the applicant and by a number of other publications, such as for example EP-A-0 127 226, EP-A-0 202 969 and FR-A-2 395 661, it is possible to knows flat heating elements comprising an electrical conductor coated with mica, which are intended to be used in electric heating devices. The document CH-A-607 528 also describes a flat heating element equipped with regulation circuits, consisting of an electrical conductor embedded between two layers of synthetic resin.
Toutefois, lors de l'échauffement, l'élément de chauffage plat a tendance à se dilater et on observe des zones dans lesquelles le contact entre l'élément de chauffage et la surface à chauffer n'est plus intime. Cet effet conduit à une modification du mode de transfert thermique: on passe de la conduction à du rayonnement combiné à de la convection. Ceci conduit localement à une augmentation de la température de l'élément de chauffage plat, qui peut entraîner un phénomène d'emballement thermique qui aboutit à la destruction de l'élément chauffant ou bien à des altérations de celui-ci comme la présence de fissures, de plis ou de modification de la couleur du substrat.However, during heating, the flat heating element tends to expand and there are areas in which the contact between the heating element and the surface to be heated is no longer intimate. This effect leads to a modification of the heat transfer mode: we go from conduction to radiation combined with convection. This locally leads to an increase in temperature of the flat heating element, which can lead to a thermal runaway phenomenon which leads to the destruction of the heating element or to alterations thereof such as the presence of cracks, folds or changes in color of the substrate.
Par le document FR-A-2 610 098, on connaît des panneaux sandwich chauffants et/ou refroidissants, constitués par une âme légère permettant le logement d'accessoires et de deux peaux monocouches ou multicouches, dont au moins une peau monocouche ou une couche de peau multicouche est constituée par un élément chauffant et/ou refroidissant.From document FR-A-2 610 098, heating and / or cooling sandwich panels are known, constituted by a light core allowing the accommodation of accessories and of two monolayer or multilayer skins, of which at least one monolayer skin or a layer multilayer skin consists of a heating and / or cooling element.
Dans le document US-A-3 737 624, on décrit un élément chauffant complexe comportant un élément chauffant plat, une couche d'amiante, une couche d'amiante revêtue sur les deux faces d'une feuille réflectrice d'aluminium et deux couches d'amiante constituées d'une feuille d'amiante agencées de manière à créer des cellules.Document US-A-3,737,624 describes a complex heating element comprising a flat heating element, a layer of asbestos, a layer of asbestos coated on both sides with an aluminum reflective sheet and two layers asbestos consisting of a sheet of asbestos arranged to create cells.
L'agencement décrit ne fournit toutefois pas un ensemble rigide et suffisamment résistant d'un point de vue mécanique. Il permet une déformation de l'élément chauffant sous l'effet de la chaleur, qui conduit à une modification du mode de transfert thermique, notamment à cause du manque d'adhérence entre couches. La structure en amiante constitue également une couche compressible. De plus l'amiante ne convient pas dans bon nombre d'applications notamment dans les appareils domestiques.The arrangement described does not, however, provide a rigid assembly which is sufficiently resistant from a mechanical point of view. It allows a deformation of the heating element under the effect of heat, which leads to a modification of the heat transfer mode, in particular because of the lack of adhesion between layers. The asbestos structure also constitutes a compressible layer. In addition, asbestos is not suitable in many applications, particularly in domestic appliances.
En outre, la complexité des ensembles décrits dans les deux documents susmentionnés, notamment l'utilisation de couches diverses en matériaux divers conduit à des éléments de chauffage onéreux peu rigides et peu stables thermiquement. Le manque de résistance mécanique à la déformation sous l'effet de la chaleur doit alors être compensé par l'accroissement de l'épaisseur de l'élément chauffant.In addition, the complexity of the assemblies described in the two above-mentioned documents, in particular the use of various layers of various materials leads to expensive heating elements which are not very rigid and not thermally stable. The lack of mechanical resistance to deformation under the effect of heat must then be compensated for by the increase in the thickness of the heating element.
Aucun des documents de l'état de la technique susmentionné ne suggère l'utilisation d'une âme légère mais mécaniquement très résistante à la déformation, notamment une déformation due à l'effet de la chaleur, et qui est compatible avec l'élément chauffant plat en tant que tel.None of the documents of the aforementioned prior art suggests the use of a light core but mechanically very resistant to deformation, in particular deformation due to the effect of heat, and which is compatible with the heating element. flat as such.
La présente invention vise à fournir un élément de chauffage électrique destiné à être placé dans des appareils de chauffage industriel, domestique ou ménager, qui ne présente pas les inconvénients susmentionnés de l'état de la technique. Elle vise en particulier à fournir un élément de chauffage électrique dans lequel est assuré le maintien de l'élément chauffant plat contre la surface à chauffer ou dans la direction de l'utilisation de la chaleur émise.The present invention aims to provide an electric heating element intended to be placed in industrial, domestic or household heating appliances, which does not have the abovementioned drawbacks of the prior art. It aims in particular to provide an electric heating element in which the flat heating element is held against the surface to be heated or in the direction of the use of the heat emitted.
Le but de la présente invention est atteint par un élément de chauffage du type susmentionné qui comporte au moins un élément chauffant plat solidarisé par arrimage par plots, par ceinturage ou par collage, à un support constitué par une structure en nid d'abeille ou grille en un composé à base de mica, notamment en papier de mica imprégné.The object of the present invention is achieved by a heating element of the aforementioned type which comprises at least one flat heating element secured by lashing by studs, by belt or by gluing, to a support constituted by a honeycomb structure or grid. in a compound based on mica, in particular in impregnated mica paper.
On constate avantageusement que les effets néfastes propres aux éléments de chauffage connus sont éliminés ou du moins considérablement réduits. En effet, le support structuré permet une mise en compression de l'élément chauffant plat contre la surface à chauffer et garantit une pression répartie sur la surface dudit élément chauffant plat.It is advantageously found that the harmful effects specific to known heating elements are eliminated or at least considerably reduced. Indeed, the structured support allows compression of the flat heating element against the surface to be heated and guarantees a pressure distributed over the surface of said flat heating element.
Il en résulte une meilleure exploitation de l'énergie thermique diffusée et une performance accrue de l'élément chauffant plat qui est, de plus, soumis à des sollicitations moindres. Il en résulte également, dans des conditions d'utilisation égales, une durée de vie prolongée.This results in a better exploitation of the thermal energy diffused and an increased performance of the flat heating element which is, moreover, subjected to less stresses. It also results, under equal conditions of use, an extended service life.
Selon une forme d'exécution preférée, l'élément chauffant plat est constitué de conducteurs électriques noyés dans des feuilles de papier mica imprégné. Il en résulte que les dilatations thermiques de l'un ou de l'autre sont égales et que la stabilité de l'élément de chauffage de l'invention s'en trouve encore améliorée.According to a preferred embodiment, the flat heating element consists of electrical conductors embedded in sheets of impregnated mica paper. As a result, the thermal expansions of one or the other are equal and that the stability of the heating element of the invention is further improved.
Le support en nid d'abeille peut être rendu solidaire à l'élément de chauffage plat par arrimage par plots ou par ceinturage. On peut également prévoir une solidarisation par collage, notamment lorsque les matériaux de l'élément chauffant plat et du support sont compatibles.The honeycomb support can be made integral with the flat heating element by lashing by studs or by belt. We can also provide a bonding, especially when the materials of the flat heating element and the support are compatible.
On peut encore avantageusement prévoir que le support de structure en nid d'abeille ou analogue est recouvert, sur la face opposée, à l'élément de chauffage plat, d'une plaque réflectrice. Celle-ci peut être constituée d'un matériau connu en soi qui remplit la fonction de réflection et qui résiste aux sollicitations thermiques et/ou mécaniques auxquelles il est soumis. Cette plaque réflectrice peut également remplir d'autres fonctions telles qu'un arrêt pour des fixations par plots, plaque de base de la structure de l'appareil de chauffage équipé du dispositif de chauffage conforme à l'invention et fermeture des creux de la structure en nid d'abeille ou analogue en vue de confiner les masses d'air et limiter la convection.It is also advantageously possible to provide that the support of honeycomb structure or the like is covered, on the face opposite to the flat heating element, with a reflective plate. This can be made of a material known per se which fulfills the function of reflection and which resists the thermal and / or mechanical stresses to which it is subjected. This reflective plate can also fulfill other functions such as a stop for fixing by studs, base plate of the structure of the heating appliance equipped with the heating device according to the invention and closing of the hollows of the structure. honeycomb or the like for the purpose of confining air masses and limiting convection.
L'élément de chauffage conforme à la présente invention permet la fixation d'un élément de chauffage plat contre une surface de chauffe d'un appareil de chauffage en assurant un maintien adéquat de l'élément de chauffage plat. Il garantit également l'isolation thermique sur la face arrière du montage, une augmentation des performances à l'utilisation, une résistance aux chocs élevée ainsi qu'une grande sécurité électrique à l'arrière du montage. Il est également aisé de prévoir une sortie des connexions électriques et, éventuellement, l'implantation de moyens de régulation, tels qu'un thermostat, ou de limitation de courant par exemple. Le support structuré en nid d'abeille ou analogue peut alors être muni d'encoches, découpes ou analogue.The heating element according to the present invention allows the fixing of a flat heating element against a heating surface of a heating device while ensuring adequate maintenance of the flat heating element. It also guarantees thermal insulation on the rear face of the assembly, an increase in performance in use, a high impact resistance as well as great electrical safety at the rear of the assembly. It is also easy to provide an outlet for electrical connections and, possibly, the installation of regulation means, such as a thermostat, or of current limitation for example. The support structured as a honeycomb or the like can then be provided with notches, cutouts or the like.
En variante, on peut également prévoir de remplir les creux du support structuré par une matière expansable comme par exemple de la vermiculite. Cette forme d'exécution permet d'augmenter la taille des alvéoles du support structuré grâce à la pression libérée par l'expansion du matériau de remplissage.As a variant, it is also possible to provide for filling the hollows of the structured support with an expandable material such as for example vermiculite. This embodiment makes it possible to increase the size of the cells of the structured support thanks to the pressure released by the expansion of the filling material.
A titre d'exemple non limitatif, on peut combiner, selon l'invention, un élément de chauffage plat en mica connu en soi avec un support structuré en nid d'abeille en mica et recouvrir le dos du support d'une feuille métallique en aluminum, en acier inoxydable ou constituée d'une feuille d'aluminium collée sur une feuille d'acier inoxydable ou encore d'une feuille à base de mica.By way of nonlimiting example, it is possible to combine, according to the invention, a flat heating element made of mica known per se with a support structured in honeycomb in mica and cover the back of the support with a metallic sheet in aluminum, stainless steel or made of aluminum foil glued to a stainless steel sheet or still from a mica-based sheet.
L'élément de chauffage conforme à la présente invention convient particulièrement bien pour une application contre les surfaces à chauffer en fonte, en vitro-céramique, en aluminum, en acier inoxydable ou en acier sandwich ou autres matériaux organiques adéquats.The heating element according to the present invention is particularly suitable for an application against surfaces to be heated in cast iron, in vitro-ceramic, in aluminum, in stainless steel or in sandwich steel or other suitable organic materials.
En variante, on peut également utiliser l'élément de chauffage conforme à l'invention sans surface à chauffer, c'est-à-dire par exemple dans des grille-pains.As a variant, it is also possible to use the heating element according to the invention without a surface to be heated, that is to say for example in toasters.
Le support structuré en nid d'abeille peut par exemple être réalisé à l'aide de languettes à base de papier mica imprégné, munies de fentes et emboîtées les unes dans les autres. Il est bien évident que l'épaisseur de celles-ci peut varier avec la pression à appliquer ainsi qu'avec la hauteur et l'espacement de celle-ci. En général, l'épaisseur est comprise entre 0,1 et 1,0 mm et la hauteur est comprise entre 3 et 10 mm, l'espacement des languettes pouvant varier de 1 à 25 mm.The structured honeycomb support can for example be produced using tongues based on impregnated mica paper, provided with slits and fitted into each other. It is obvious that the thickness of these can vary with the pressure to be applied as well as with the height and spacing thereof. In general, the thickness is between 0.1 and 1.0 mm and the height is between 3 and 10 mm, the spacing of the tabs can vary from 1 to 25 mm.
On a obtenu des gammes de température allant jusqu'à 750°C à la surface de l'élément de chauffage plat.Temperature ranges of up to 750 ° C have been obtained at the surface of the flat heating element.
L'invention est décrite en détail à l'aide des exemples qui suivent et en référence au dessin qui est une représentation schématique d'un appareil de chauffage électrique équipé d'un élément de chauffage conforme à l'invention.The invention is described in detail using the following examples and with reference to the drawing which is a schematic representation of an electric heating appliance equipped with a heating element according to the invention.
A la figure, on a représenté schématiquement une surface à chauffer 1 telle que par exemple le fond d'une cuve de friteuse ou une plaque en vitro-céramique. Un élément de chauffage 3 conforme à l'invention est solidarisé sur la face inférieure de la surface à chauffer 1 par des moyens connus en soi (non représentés). L'élément de chauffage se compose d'un élément chauffant plat 5 associé à un support structuré en nid d'abeille ou analogue 7, par exemple une structure en croisillon, notamment une grille à base de papier mica imprégné, et d'une plaque réflectrice 9 fixée contre le support structuré, sur la face opposée à l'élément chauffant plat.In the figure, there is shown schematically a surface to be heated 1 such as for example the bottom of a fryer tank or a vitro-ceramic plate. A heating element 3 according to the invention is secured to the underside of the surface to be heated 1 by means known per se (not shown). The heating element consists of a
On place un élément de chauffage conforme à l'invention contre la face inférieure du fond d'une cuvette de friteuse. Le support structuré de l'élément de chauffage de l'invention consiste en un croisillon réalisé à partir de papier mica imprégné ayant une épaisseur de 0,4 mm. Le support présente une hauteur de croisillon de 10 mm et un pas de croisillon de 10 mm également. L'élément de chauffage est de forme circulaire et présente un diamètre de 150 mm. La plaque réflectrice pouvant présenter une dimension supérieure, consiste en un acier inoxydable du type inox 304 et est vissée ou soudée ou bien brasée au fond de la cuvette qui présente une dimension de l'ordre de 250 mm. L'élément de chauffage conforme à l'invention a une puissance de 1500 W. Notons encore que la cuvette de friteuse est en aluminum et présente une épaisseur de l'ordre de 2 mm.A heating element according to the invention is placed against the underside of the bottom of a fryer bowl. The structured support of the heating element of the invention consists of a cross made from impregnated mica paper having a thickness of 0.4 mm. The support has a cross height of 10 mm and a cross pitch of 10 mm also. The heating element is circular in shape and has a diameter of 150 mm. The reflecting plate, which may have a larger dimension, consists of a stainless steel of the stainless steel type 304 and is screwed or welded or else brazed to the bottom of the bowl which has a dimension of the order of 250 mm. The heating element according to the invention has a power of 1500 W. It should also be noted that the fryer bowl is made of aluminum and has a thickness of the order of 2 mm.
On a constaté que les résultats obtenus sont généralement supérieurs à ceux que l'on obtient avec des moyens connus, par exemple du type tube blindé d'un diamètre de couronne de 185 mm et d'une puissance de 1500 W, serti dans le fond de la cuvette en aluminum. On constate notamment que la montée en température de 15°C à 185°C est d'au moins 30 secondes plus rapide, lors du chauffage de 2 l d'huile, le temps total étant de plus ou moins 660 secondes. Par ailleurs, la température est répartie de manière plus uniforme et l'agencement conforme à l'invention est plus simple et plus compact. Les dimensions extérieures notamment sont réduites par rapport à l'état de la technique.It has been found that the results obtained are generally superior to those obtained with known means, for example of the armored tube type with a crown diameter of 185 mm and a power of 1500 W, crimped in the bottom. aluminum bowl. We note in particular that the temperature rise from 15 ° C to 185 ° C is at least 30 seconds faster, when heating 2 l of oil, the total time being more or less 660 seconds. Furthermore, the temperature is distributed more uniformly and the arrangement according to the invention is simpler and more compact. The external dimensions in particular are reduced compared to the state of the art.
On a placé un élément de chauffage conforme à l'invention d'un diamètre de 180 mm et d'une puissance de 2000 W sous une plaque de cuisson en vitro-céramique de cuisinière électrique. La plaque en vitro-céramique a une épaisseur de 4 mm et une dimension de 250 x 250 mm. L'élément de chauffage présente des dimensions proches de celles de la plaque en vitro-céramique et est constitué d'un élément chauffant plat et d'un croisillon réalisé à partir de papier mica imprégné d'une épaisseur de 0,4 mm, d'une hauteur de croisillon de 10 mm, le pas du croisillon étant également de 10 mm. L'élément de chauffage est clamé à l'aide d'une feuille métallique vissée ou soudée ou brasée au châssis de la cuisinière.A heating element according to the invention with a diameter of 180 mm and a power of 2000 W was placed under a vitro-ceramic hob of an electric stove. The vitro-ceramic plate has a thickness of 4 mm and a dimension of 250 x 250 mm. The heating element has dimensions close to those of the ceramic hob and consists of a flat heating element and a cross made from impregnated mica paper with a thickness of 0.4 mm, d 'a height of 10 mm spider, the pitch of the spider also being 10 mm. The heating element is proclaimed using a metal sheet screwed or welded or brazed to the stove frame.
On obtient des résultats supérieurs au dispositif classique constitué par une taque de fonte ayant un diamètre de 180 mm et une puissance de 2000 W ou par des plaques en vitro-céramique associées à des lampes à halogène et à un élément chauffant filiforme bobiné ayant également un diamètre de 180 mm et une puissance totale de 2000 W. En effet, le temps nécessaire pour amener à ébullition 1 l d'eau à 20°C dans une casserole inox spéciale cuisinière électrique à fond plat d'un diamètre de 180 mm est sensiblement réduit par rapport aux cas dans lequels on utilise des moyens de chauffage classiques du type susmentionné.
Par ailleurs, l'agencement du dispositif conforme à l'invention est sensiblement moins fragile au transport, au montage et en fonctionnement que le système classique, notamment pour ce qui concerne la résistance aux chocs et aux vibrations.Furthermore, the arrangement of the device according to the invention is significantly less fragile during transport, assembly and operation than the conventional system, in particular as regards resistance to shock and vibration.
Claims (6)
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| BE8900011 | 1989-01-04 | ||
| BE8900011A BE1002726A3 (en) | 1989-01-04 | 1989-01-04 | HEATING ELEMENT. |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP0377425A1 true EP0377425A1 (en) | 1990-07-11 |
Family
ID=3883940
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP89870217A Withdrawn EP0377425A1 (en) | 1989-01-04 | 1989-12-27 | Heating element |
Country Status (2)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP0377425A1 (en) |
| BE (1) | BE1002726A3 (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR2697717A1 (en) * | 1992-10-29 | 1994-05-06 | Thomson Csf | Device for reheating electronic cards. |
Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR1340968A (en) * | 1962-09-14 | 1963-10-25 | Aluminium Francais | Heating process by infrared radiation and heating panels implementing this process |
| US3737624A (en) * | 1970-09-16 | 1973-06-05 | Progressive Products Co | Electric grill with a thin-film heating element |
| CH607528A5 (en) * | 1976-04-09 | 1978-12-29 | Husqvarna Ab | Electric cooking pot with temp. regulation |
| US4173823A (en) * | 1977-07-18 | 1979-11-13 | American Can Company | Resistance heater for a pizza carton |
| EP0154970A2 (en) * | 1984-03-16 | 1985-09-18 | DATACARD-MIDS GmbH | Laminating device for manufacturing identification cards |
| WO1988004874A1 (en) * | 1986-12-19 | 1988-06-30 | Compagnie Royale Asturienne Des Mines, Societe Ano | Flat electric heating elements |
-
1989
- 1989-01-04 BE BE8900011A patent/BE1002726A3/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1989-12-27 EP EP89870217A patent/EP0377425A1/en not_active Withdrawn
Patent Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR1340968A (en) * | 1962-09-14 | 1963-10-25 | Aluminium Francais | Heating process by infrared radiation and heating panels implementing this process |
| US3737624A (en) * | 1970-09-16 | 1973-06-05 | Progressive Products Co | Electric grill with a thin-film heating element |
| CH607528A5 (en) * | 1976-04-09 | 1978-12-29 | Husqvarna Ab | Electric cooking pot with temp. regulation |
| US4173823A (en) * | 1977-07-18 | 1979-11-13 | American Can Company | Resistance heater for a pizza carton |
| EP0154970A2 (en) * | 1984-03-16 | 1985-09-18 | DATACARD-MIDS GmbH | Laminating device for manufacturing identification cards |
| WO1988004874A1 (en) * | 1986-12-19 | 1988-06-30 | Compagnie Royale Asturienne Des Mines, Societe Ano | Flat electric heating elements |
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR2697717A1 (en) * | 1992-10-29 | 1994-05-06 | Thomson Csf | Device for reheating electronic cards. |
| EP0599678A1 (en) * | 1992-10-29 | 1994-06-01 | Thomson-Csf | Device for heating of electronic boards |
| US5486681A (en) * | 1992-10-29 | 1996-01-23 | Thomson-Csf | Device for heating up electronic boards |
| WO2004075614A1 (en) * | 1992-10-29 | 2004-09-02 | Pierre Dagnac | Device for heating circuit boards |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| BE1002726A3 (en) | 1991-05-21 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| EP0648459B1 (en) | Cooking vessel with controlled deformation of the bottom | |
| FR2761872A1 (en) | ELECTRIC BARBECUE | |
| FR2875374A1 (en) | VEHICLE POWER CONVERTER | |
| CH640681A5 (en) | RADIANT HEATING ELECTRICAL ASSEMBLY. | |
| EP2185046A2 (en) | Boiler for machine for the preparation of hot drinks | |
| FR2494403A1 (en) | RADIANT HEATING ELECTRICAL DEVICE FOR A VITROCERAMIC COOKTOP | |
| FR3012008A1 (en) | THICK-LAYER HEATING ELEMENT AND KITCHEN EQUIPMENT HAVING SUCH A HEATING ELEMENT | |
| EP0377425A1 (en) | Heating element | |
| FR2908261A1 (en) | Heating panel for electric heater in e.g. bath room, has front and rear plates spaced from each other to provide space between heating element and rear plate, and joint placed at periphery of panel to ensure sealing between plates | |
| EP0539278A1 (en) | Radiant burner with ceramic screen | |
| CA2655752C (en) | Method of producing electrical connections for an electrical energy storage unit | |
| FR2938416A1 (en) | COOKING APPARATUS COMPRISING A MULTILAYER MATERIAL AND A THICK LAYER HEATING ELEMENT. | |
| EP0730058B1 (en) | Heating sandwich structure in particular for domestic appliances and domestic appliances with such a structure | |
| FR2760821A1 (en) | Storage and radiating heater with stone panel and heating unit | |
| EP1638370A1 (en) | Heating element forming device | |
| EP2299185A2 (en) | Accumulation and/or inertia electric radiator | |
| EP0657132A1 (en) | Construction and assembly of elements forming a meat grilling device having a plastic housing | |
| FR2490056A1 (en) | Electrically powered heating panel - uses medium resistivity material on heat and electrically insulating base with electric insulator covering to provide uniform heat | |
| EP0970647A1 (en) | Cooking pot with a bottom reinforced by a plate and radial grooves | |
| EP0568464B1 (en) | Heater, in particular towel dryer, with electric heating cord | |
| WO1999008486A1 (en) | Baking dish for microwave oven | |
| CN103840068B (en) | Wavelength converter and light-emitting device | |
| EP3721481A1 (en) | Manufacturing a concentrating sub-module comprising a heat-dissipating material | |
| EP1400194B1 (en) | Heating subassembly of an electrical apparatus of the waffle iron type | |
| EP0013214B1 (en) | Absorber of solar energy, solar collector comprising such an absorber, and solar panel provided with such collectors |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PUAI | Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009012 |
|
| AK | Designated contracting states |
Kind code of ref document: A1 Designated state(s): AT BE CH DE ES FR GB GR IT LI LU NL SE |
|
| STAA | Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent |
Free format text: STATUS: THE APPLICATION IS DEEMED TO BE WITHDRAWN |
|
| 18D | Application deemed to be withdrawn |
Effective date: 19910112 |