EP0223016A2 - Closed heating system with a heat-conveying medium - Google Patents
Closed heating system with a heat-conveying medium Download PDFInfo
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- EP0223016A2 EP0223016A2 EP86113214A EP86113214A EP0223016A2 EP 0223016 A2 EP0223016 A2 EP 0223016A2 EP 86113214 A EP86113214 A EP 86113214A EP 86113214 A EP86113214 A EP 86113214A EP 0223016 A2 EP0223016 A2 EP 0223016A2
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- Prior art keywords
- heating system
- closed heating
- leg
- heat
- closed
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- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 61
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 239000002609 medium Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000006163 transport media Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N citric acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC(O)(C(O)=O)CC(O)=O KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- PXIPVTKHYLBLMZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sodium azide Chemical compound [Na+].[N-]=[N+]=[N-] PXIPVTKHYLBLMZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000008367 deionised water Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910021641 deionized water Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000002528 anti-freeze Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000001450 anions Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims 2
- 150000001768 cations Chemical class 0.000 claims 1
- 238000004042 decolorization Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 229910001385 heavy metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 239000011814 protection agent Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 235000008733 Citrus aurantifolia Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycerine Chemical compound OCC(O)CO PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 235000011941 Tilia x europaea Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000000571 coke Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005338 heat storage Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000007654 immersion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000004571 lime Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 description 2
- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 description 1
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004566 building material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005341 cation exchange Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007872 degassing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005115 demineralization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002328 demineralizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005189 flocculation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000016615 flocculation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008014 freezing Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007710 freezing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000011187 glycerol Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002161 passivation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- -1 throat Substances 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
- F24D3/00—Hot-water central heating systems
- F24D3/10—Feed-line arrangements, e.g. providing for heat-accumulator tanks, expansion tanks ; Hydraulic components of a central heating system
- F24D3/1058—Feed-line arrangements, e.g. providing for heat-accumulator tanks, expansion tanks ; Hydraulic components of a central heating system disposition of pipes and pipe connections
- F24D3/1066—Distributors for heating liquids
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
- F24D3/00—Hot-water central heating systems
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
- F24H1/00—Water heaters, e.g. boilers, continuous-flow heaters or water-storage heaters
- F24H1/22—Water heaters other than continuous-flow or water-storage heaters, e.g. water heaters for central heating
- F24H1/225—Water heaters other than continuous-flow or water-storage heaters, e.g. water heaters for central heating electrical central heating boilers
Definitions
- the invention relates to a closed heating system with a heat transfer medium.
- a transportable electrical space heater which has a vertically erected tubular housing in which there is a resistance heating element which heats compressed air as a heat exchanger medium (US Pat. No. 4,053,732).
- This compressed air is in a special tank to which a heating coil tube is connected, through which the heated air can flow and release its thermal energy to the air outside the heating coil tube.
- the disadvantage of this heater is that it requires a fan to discharge the heated air and a heating coil tube.
- an electric heater for vertical installation which has an electric heater and a blower (NL-A-7 001 960). This heater is also only suitable for the decentralized heating of rooms.
- a radiator is connected at two points to a pressure vessel in which an electric immersion heater is located as a heat source (DE-GM 80 33 552.0).
- DE-GM 80 33 552.0 an electric immersion heater is located as a heat source
- Another known central heating system has an electric immersion heater, which is located in a water container with a relatively small volume (GB-PS 1 475 067).
- the radiator provided here, however, does not form a closed circuit with the heating device.
- the same applies to other known heating devices (DE-OS 31 09 990, US-PS 1 902 877, DE-AS 20 30 649, DE-GM 71 16 823, GB-PS 758 923).
- an ecological room heating system in which a synthetic liquid is heated with little energy, which is circulated via a heat exchanger and via pipes in the furnace generates a heat accumulation inside that heats a tiled stove (EU-A3-0 055 445).
- This ecological room heating is also suitable for the local heating of only one room and cannot be used as central heating.
- a convector space heater has a housing in which a liquid heat exchanger is sealed, a fan being provided below the heat exchanger and blowing air over the heat exchanger (GB-PS 1 531 991).
- An electrical resistance heater is immersed in the liquid heat exchanger, which heats up the liquid heat exchanger, which also runs through a pipe grid.
- This known convector space heater is a pure space heater, i. H. a compact, self-contained structure is placed in a room and connected to an electrical energy source.
- a complex fan and a meandering heating pipe arrangement are required.
- an H exchanger and an OH exchanger are connected in series.
- the complete demineralization of water by chemical means has the advantage of a better effect without the expenditure of thermal energy compared to the thermal method, if one disregards thermal degassing.
- the invention has for its object to provide a self-contained heating system that can be operated practically indefinitely without it having damage that affects the heat transfer. Medium are attributable.
- the advantage achieved with the invention is, in particular, that there is no flocculation or limescale formation when heating up or pumping around. A reduction in heating power and the occurrence of corrosion are avoided.
- the freezing point is brought down to around -25 ° C so that there is no frost damage in winter when the heating is switched off.
- the invention also makes it possible to provide a small and compact device as a mobile electric central heating system which can be connected to existing radiators.
- the efficiency of this heater is, as it has been shown on the basis of extensive tests, extremely high.
- FIG. 1 shows a basic element 1 which has an L shape and is formed from two legs 2, 3 which are perpendicular to one another. Fully demineralized water is located in these legs 2, 3 as Heat transport serves.
- the vertical leg 2 contains a heating element 5, which is connected to a temperature controller 6, which is located on the upper leg 3.
- a manometer 7 is arranged, which is opposite an expansion vessel 8.
- connection 14 is connected to the leg 2 and leads to the heat exchanger 13. Above this connection 14 there is a connection pipe 15 on which there is a safety valve 16 which leads to a collecting container 16. An overflow valve 17 is provided between the line 11 and the leg 2.
- FIG. 2 shows a special embodiment of the heating element 5.
- This embodiment has an insulating body 18, around which a coiled wire 19 is wound.
- This insulating body 18 with the wire 19 is located in a first housing 20, which is surrounded by a double-walled second housing 21, 22, the heat-transporting fluid 4 flowing in the second housing 21, 22.
- FIG. 3 shows a variant of the device shown in FIG. 1, which has a vertical leg 30 and three horizontal legs 31, 32, 33.
- a regulator 34, a manometer 35 and a quick vent 36 are provided on the horizontal leg 31.
- the controller 34 is operated via the control panel 37.
- An expansion vessel 38 and a circulation pump 39 are provided below the horizontal leg 31, an electrical connection 40 being established between this circulation pump 39 and the control panel 37.
- the circulation pump 39 creates a connection between the horizontal legs 31 and 32.
- connecting pieces 41-45 are provided which lead to heat exchangers (not shown) via thermostatic valves 46-50.
- These heat exchangers are usually radiators that are already installed. These radiators can be normal warmth act water radiators, one of which is shown in Fig. 1.
- the return line from this radiator to the E-shaped device 51 takes place via the line connecting piece 52-56, which are provided on the lower horizontal leg 33.
- a branch 75 leads away from the vertical leg 30, to which a collecting container 58 is fastened.
- Both the construction of the L-shaped as well as the E-shaped embodiment of the invention is extremely simple, since essentially only two or three rectangular or round tubes have to be welded together, to which known elements such as pumps, pressure gauges and the like are attached .
- the heat transport medium according to the invention is composed of an optimal mixture of four components:
- the antifreeze is a commercially available product based on glycerin.
- Citric acid C 6 H 8 O 7 x H 2 O is added in a low concentration and has the effect that even the smallest deposits of lime are oxidized again in the circulation pump, which in turn prevents the pump from seizing up.
Abstract
Description
Die Erfindung betrifft ein geschlossenes Heizungssystem mit einem Wärmetransport-Medium.The invention relates to a closed heating system with a heat transfer medium.
Das Problem der Raumheizung wurde bereits auf vielfältige Weise gelöst. Neben der dezentralen Ofen- und Kaminheizung sind zahlreiche Zentralheizungsarten bekannt, die mit einem zentralen Heizkessel arbeiten, an den über Dampf- oder Warmwasserleitungen Wärmetauscher, sogenannte Heizkörper, angeschlossen sind. Der zentrale Heizkörper kann dabei mittels Holz, Kohle, Koks, Heizöl oder Gas befeuert sein. Neben diesen mehr oder weniger klassischen Heizverfahren sind seit einigen Jahren auch elektrische Heizungen in Betrieb, die mit Wärmespeichern arbeiten, die mittels kostengünstigem Nachtstrom aufgeheizt werden können und dann ihre Wärme kontinuierlich an die Umgebung abgeben.The problem of space heating has already been solved in a variety of ways. In addition to the decentralized furnace and chimney heating, numerous types of central heating are known, which work with a central heating boiler to which heat exchangers, so-called radiators, are connected via steam or hot water pipes. The central heating element can be fired using wood, coal, coke, heating oil or gas. In addition to these more or less classic heating processes, electrical heaters have also been in operation for some years, which work with heat storage devices that can be heated up using inexpensive night-time electricity and then continuously release their heat to the environment.
Alle diese Heizverfahren haben ihre Vor- und Nachteile. Die mit Holz, Kehle, Koks und anderen organischen Baustoffen arbeitenden Heizungen verschmutzen beispielsweise durch ihre Abgase die Umwelt.All of these heating methods have their advantages and disadvantages. The heaters working with wood, throat, coke and other organic building materials, for example, pollute the environment with their exhaust gases.
Dagegen benötigen die Elektroheizungen in der Regel sehr schwere und teure Wärmespeicherplatten.In contrast, the electric heaters usually require very heavy and expensive heat storage plates.
Es ist bereits eine transportfähige elektrische Raumheizung bekannt, die ein senkrecht aufgerichtetes, rohrförmiges Gehäuse besitzt, in dem sich ein Widerstands-Heizelement befindet, welches komprimierte Luft als Wärmetauscher-Medium aufheizt (US-PS 4 053 732). Diese komprimierte Luft befindet sich in einem speziellen Tank, an dem eine Heizspiralröhre angeschlossen ist, durch welche die erwärmte Luft strömen und ihre Wärmeenergie an die Luft außerhalb der Heizspiralröhre abgeben kann. Nachteilig ist bei dieser Heizung, daß sie ein Gebläse zum Abführen der erwärmten Luft sowie eine Heizspiralröhre benötigt.A transportable electrical space heater is already known which has a vertically erected tubular housing in which there is a resistance heating element which heats compressed air as a heat exchanger medium (US Pat. No. 4,053,732). This compressed air is in a special tank to which a heating coil tube is connected, through which the heated air can flow and release its thermal energy to the air outside the heating coil tube. The disadvantage of this heater is that it requires a fan to discharge the heated air and a heating coil tube.
Weiterhin ist eine elektrische Heizung zum senkrechten Aufstellen bekannt, die einen elektrischen Heizkörper und ein Gebläse aufweist (NL-A-7 001 960). Auch diese Heizung ist lediglich für das dezentrale Heizen von Räumen geeignet.Furthermore, an electric heater for vertical installation is known, which has an electric heater and a blower (NL-A-7 001 960). This heater is also only suitable for the decentralized heating of rooms.
Bei einem anderen bekannten Durchlauferhitzen ist ein Radiator an zwei Stellen mit einem Druckgefäß verbunden, in dem sich ein elektrischer Tauchheizkörper als Wärmequelle befindet (DE-GM 80 33 552.0). Hierbei handelt es sich jedoch nicht um ein geschlossenes System, sondern um ein System mit Wasserzulauf.In another known continuous heating, a radiator is connected at two points to a pressure vessel in which an electric immersion heater is located as a heat source (DE-GM 80 33 552.0). However, this is not a closed system, but a system with water inlet.
Ein anderes bekanntes Zentralheizungssystem weist einen elektrischen Eintaucherhitzer auf, der sich in einem Wasser-Behälter mit relativ kleinem Volumen befindet (GB-PS 1 475 067). Der hierbei vorgesehene Radiator bildet indessen mit der Aufheizeinrichtung keinen geschlossenen Kreislauf. Entsprechendes gilt auch für andere bekannte Heizeinrichtungen (DE-OS 31 09 990, US-PS 1 902 877, DE-AS 20 30 649, DE-GM 71 16 823, GB-PS 758 923).Another known central heating system has an electric immersion heater, which is located in a water container with a relatively small volume (GB-PS 1 475 067). The radiator provided here, however, does not form a closed circuit with the heating device. The same applies to other known heating devices (DE-OS 31 09 990, US-PS 1 902 877, DE-AS 20 30 649, DE-GM 71 16 823, GB-PS 758 923).
Außerdem ist eine ökologische Raumheizung bekannt, bei der mit geringem Energieaufwand eine synthetische Flüssigkeit erhitzt wird, die im Kreislaufverfahren über einen Wärmetauscher und über Rohrleitungen im Ofeninnern einen Wärmestau erzeugt, der einen Kachelofen erwärmt (EU-A3-0 055 445). Auch diese ökologische Raumheizung ist für die örtliche Beheizung von nur einem Raum geeignet und kann nicht als Zentralheizung verwendet werden.In addition, an ecological room heating system is known, in which a synthetic liquid is heated with little energy, which is circulated via a heat exchanger and via pipes in the furnace generates a heat accumulation inside that heats a tiled stove (EU-A3-0 055 445). This ecological room heating is also suitable for the local heating of only one room and cannot be used as central heating.
Es ist schließlich auch eine Konvektor-Raumheizung bekannt, die. ein Gehäuse aufweist, in dem sich versiegelt ein flüssiger Wärmetauscher befindet, wobei unterhalb des Wärmetauschers ein Gebläse vorgesehen ist, das Luft über den Wärmetauscher bläst (GB-PS 1 531 991). In dem flüssigen Wärmetauscher ist eine elektrische Widerstands-Heizung eingetaucht, welche den flüssigen Wärmetauscher, der auch durch ein Rohrgitter läuft, aufheizt. Bei dieser bekannten Konvektor-Raumheizung handelt es sich um eine reine Raumheizung, d. h. es wird ein kompaktes, in sich geschlossenes Gebilde in einen Raum gestellt und mit einer elektrischen Energiequelle verbunden. Außerdem sind ein aufwendiges Gebläse sowie eine mäanderförmige Heizungsrohr-Anordnung erforderlich.Finally, a convector space heater is also known. has a housing in which a liquid heat exchanger is sealed, a fan being provided below the heat exchanger and blowing air over the heat exchanger (GB-PS 1 531 991). An electrical resistance heater is immersed in the liquid heat exchanger, which heats up the liquid heat exchanger, which also runs through a pipe grid. This known convector space heater is a pure space heater, i. H. a compact, self-contained structure is placed in a room and connected to an electrical energy source. In addition, a complex fan and a meandering heating pipe arrangement are required.
Nachteilig ist bei allen diesen Heizungssystemen, daß die in ihnen verwendeten Wärmetransport-Medien von Zeit zu Zeit ausgetauscht werden müssen, weil sie zu Ausflockungen neigen oder gar schwere Korrosionsschäden verursachen.A disadvantage of all these heating systems is that the heat transport media used in them have to be replaced from time to time because they tend to flocculate or even cause severe corrosion damage.
Voll-entmineralisiertes Wasser (= VE-Wasser) und seine Herstellung sind als solche bekannt (DD-Buch: Christoph-Michael Salinger: VEB Deutscher Verlag für Grundstoffindustrie: Kraftwerkschemie 1964, S. 318-326). Hierbei werden ein H-Austauscher und ein OH-Austauscher hintereinander geschaltet. Die Vollentsalzung eines Wassers auf chemischem Weg hat gegenüber der thermischen Methode den Vorteil der besseren Wirkung ohne Aufwand an Wärmeenergie, wenn man von der thermischen Entgasung absieht.Fully demineralized water (= demineralized water) and its production are known as such (DD book: Christoph-Michael Salinger: VEB German publishing house for basic material industry: Kraftwerkschemie 1964, pp. 318-326). Here, an H exchanger and an OH exchanger are connected in series. The complete demineralization of water by chemical means has the advantage of a better effect without the expenditure of thermal energy compared to the thermal method, if one disregards thermal degassing.
Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, ein in sich geschlossenes Heizungssystem zu schaffen, das praktisch unbegrenzt lange betrieben werden kann, ohne daß es Schäden aufweist, die auf das Wärmetransport-Medium zurückzuführen sind.The invention has for its object to provide a self-contained heating system that can be operated practically indefinitely without it having damage that affects the heat transfer. Medium are attributable.
Diese Aufgabe wird dadurch gelöst, daß dieses Wärmetransport-Medium vollentmineralisiertes Wasser (= VE-Wasser) enthält.This object is achieved in that this heat transport medium contains fully demineralized water (= deionized water).
Der mit der Erfindung erzielte Vorteil besteht insbesondere darin, daß es beim Aufheizen sowie beim Umpumpen zu keiner Ausflockung bzw. Kalkbildung kommt. Somit werden eine Minderung der Heizleistung und das Auftreten von Korrosionserscheinungen vermieden.The advantage achieved with the invention is, in particular, that there is no flocculation or limescale formation when heating up or pumping around. A reduction in heating power and the occurrence of corrosion are avoided.
Durch den Zusatz eines Frostschutzmittels wird der Gefrierpunkt auf etwa -25° C gedrückt, so daß es bei abgeschalteter Heizung im Winter keine Frostschäden gibt.By adding an antifreeze, the freezing point is brought down to around -25 ° C so that there is no frost damage in winter when the heating is switched off.
Außerdem ermöglicht es die Erfindung, eine kleine und kompakte Vorrichtung als mobile Elektro-Zentralheizung vorzusehen, die an bereits vorhandene Heizkörper angeschlossen werden kann. Der Wirkungsgrad dieser Heizung ist, wie sich aufgrund umfangreicher Versuche herausgestellt hat, außerordentlich groß.The invention also makes it possible to provide a small and compact device as a mobile electric central heating system which can be connected to existing radiators. The efficiency of this heater is, as it has been shown on the basis of extensive tests, extremely high.
Ausführungsbeispiele der Erfindung sind in der Zeichnung dargestellt und werden im folgenden näher beschrieben.Embodiments of the invention are shown in the drawing and are described in more detail below.
Es zeigen:
- Fig. 1 eine L-förmige Ausführungsform der Erfindung;
- Fig. 2 eine besondere Ausführungsform eines elektrischen Spiral-Widerstandselements;
- Fig. 3 eine E-förmige Ausführungsform der Erfindung;
- 1 shows an L-shaped embodiment of the invention;
- 2 shows a special embodiment of an electrical spiral resistance element;
- 3 shows an E-shaped embodiment of the invention;
In der Fig. l ist ein Grundelement 1 dargestellt, das L-Form besitzt, die aus zwei senkrecht aufeinander stehenden Schenkeln 2,3 gebildet wird. In diesen Schenkeln 2,3 befindet sich vollentmineralisiertes Wasser, das als Wärmetransportmittel dient. Der vertikal verlaufende Schenkel 2 enthält einen Heizstab 5, der mit einem Temperaturregler 6 verbunden ist, welcher sich am oberen Schenkel 3 befindet. An diesem oberen Schenkel 3 ist ein Manometer 7 angeordnet, dem ein Ausdehnungsgefäß 8 gegenüberliegt. Desgleichen befinden sich ein ein Schnellentlüfter 9 und eine Umwälzpumpe 10 an dem oberen Schenkel 3. Von der Pumpe 10 führt eine Leitung 11 über einen Anschluß 12 auf einen Wärmetauscher 13.1 shows a basic element 1 which has an L shape and is formed from two
Ein weiterer Anschluß 14 ist mit dem Schenkel 2 verbunden und führt auf den Wärmetauscher 13. Oberhalb dieses Anschlusses 14 ist ein Anschlußrohr 15 vorgesehen, an dem sich ein Sicherheitsventil 16 befindet, welches zu einem Auffangbehälter 16 führt. Zwischen der Leitung 11 und dem Schenkel 2 ist ein Überstromventil 17 vorgesehen.A
In der Fig. 2 ist eine besondere Ausführungsform des Heizstabs 5 dargestellt. Diese Ausführungsform weist einen Isolierkörper 18 auf, um den ein gewendelter Draht 19 gewickelt ist. Dieser Isolierkörper 18 mit dem Draht 19 befindet sich in einem ersten Gehäuse 20, das von einem doppelwandigen zweiten Gehäuse 21,22 umgeben ist, wobei in dem zweiten Gehäuse 21,22 das wärmetransportierende Fluid 4 fließt.2 shows a special embodiment of the
In der Fig. 3 ist eine Variante der in der Fig. 1 dargestellten Vorrichtung gezeigt, die einen senkrechten Schenkel 30 und drei waagrechte Schenkel 31,32,33 aufweist. An dem waagrechten Schenkel 31 sind ein Regler 34, ein Manometer 35 und ein Schnellentlüfter 36 vorgesehen. Die Bedienung des Reglers 34 erfolgt über das Bedienfeld 37. Unterhalb des waagrechten Schenkels 31 sind ein Ausdehnungsgefäß 38 und eine Umwälzpumpe 39 vorgesehen, wobei zwischen dieser Umwälzpumpe 39 und dem Bedienfeld 37 eine elektrische Verbindung 40 besteht. Die Umwälzpumpe 39 stellt eine Verbindung zwischen den waagrechten Schenkeln 31 und 32 her. An der Unterseite des Schenkels 32 sind Anschlußstutzen 41-45 vorgesehen, die über Thermostatventile 46-50 zu nicht dargestellten Wärmetauschern führen. Diese Wärmetauscher sind in der Regel Heizkörper, die bereits installiert sind. Bei dieser Heizkörpern kann es sich um übliche Warmwasserheizkörper handeln, von denen in der Fig. 1 einer gezeigt ist. Die Rückleitung von diesem Heizkörper zu der E-förmigen Vorrichtung 51 erfolgt über die Leitungsstutzen 52-56, die am unteren waagrechten Schenkel 33 vorgesehen sind.FIG. 3 shows a variant of the device shown in FIG. 1, which has a
Von dem vertikalen Schenkel 30 führt eine Abzweigung 75 weg, an der ein Auffangbehälter 58 befestigt ist.A branch 75 leads away from the
Sowohl der Aufbau der L-förmigen als auch der E-förmigen Ausführungsform der Erfindung ist extrem einfach, da im wesentlichen nur zwei bzw. drei rechteckige oder runde Rohre zusammengeschweißt werden müssen, an denen an sich bekannte Elemente wie Pumpe, Manometer und dergleichen befestigt sind.Both the construction of the L-shaped as well as the E-shaped embodiment of the invention is extremely simple, since essentially only two or three rectangular or round tubes have to be welded together, to which known elements such as pumps, pressure gauges and the like are attached .
Das erfindungsgemäße Wärmetransport-Medium setzt sich in einer optimalen Mischung aus vier Komponenten zusammen:
Die wichtigste Komponente ist hierbei das vollentmineralisierte oder VE-Wasser. Dieses wird über eine E-Wasser-Anlage gewonnen. Es entspricht einer Reinheit nach ASTM-Norm III (ASTM= American Society for Testing and Materials). Diese besagt:
Um diese Qualität nach der ASTM-Norm zu erreichen, sind bei der Herstellung folgende Reinigungsschritte einzuhalten:
- Rohwasser - Polizeifilter - Aktivkohle - Kationenaustauscher - Anionenaustauscher - Mischbett (Kation-Anion).
- Raw water - police filter - activated carbon - cation exchanger - anion exchanger - mixed bed (cation-anion).
Bei dem Kationenaustausch wird das locker gebundene H -Ion ausgetauscht, und zwar
Im Aionenaustauscher wird OH- ausgetauscht und dabei geht OH- in Lösung Cl- wird gebunden.
Da Ca und Mg++ für die Kalkbildung beim Erhitzen von Wasser verantwortlich sind, ist dies bei dem erfindungsgemäßen Medium unterbunden. Bei dem Frostschutzmittel handelt es sich um ein handelsübliches Produkt auf der Basis von Glycerin.Since Ca and Mg ++ are responsible for the lime formation when water is heated, this is prevented in the medium according to the invention. The antifreeze is a commercially available product based on glycerin.
Zitronensäure C6H8O7 x H2O wird in geringer Konzentration zugegeben und bewirkt, daß auch in der Umwälzpumpe geringste Ablagerungen von Kalk wieder oxidiert werden, was wiederum ein Festfressen der Pumpe ausschaltet.Citric acid C 6 H 8 O 7 x H 2 O is added in a low concentration and has the effect that even the smallest deposits of lime are oxidized again in the circulation pump, which in turn prevents the pump from seizing up.
Da die Gesamtanlage aus einer Anzahl verschiedener Metalle und Legierungen besteht und somit die Spannungsreihe der Elemente wegen der Korrosion beachtet werden muß, wird ein Korrosionsschutzmittel zugesetzt. Somit kommt es zu einer Passivierung, d. h. es bildet sich eine Schutzschicht aus, so daß Korrosion weitgehend vermieden wird. Natriumazid NaH3 wird zugegeben, um Fäulnisbildung durch Bakterien zu verhindern, denn das erfindungsgemäße Medium soll während mehrerer Jahre ohne Austausch dem Heizsystem als Energieträger erhalten bleiben, so daß, ananders als bei herkömmlichen Heizkörpern, ein Entwässern nach der Heizperiode entfallen kann.Since the entire system consists of a number of different metals and alloys and therefore the voltage series of the elements must be observed due to corrosion, an anti-corrosion agent is added. This leads to passivation, ie protection is formed layer, so that corrosion is largely avoided. Sodium azide NaH 3 is added to prevent the formation of putrefaction by bacteria, because the medium according to the invention should remain in the heating system as an energy source for several years without replacement, so that, unlike conventional radiators, dewatering after the heating period can be dispensed with.
Claims (21)
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE19853534154 DE3534154A1 (en) | 1985-09-25 | 1985-09-25 | CLOSED HEATING SYSTEM WITH A HEAT TRANSPORT MEDIUM |
DE3534154 | 1985-09-25 |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0223016A2 true EP0223016A2 (en) | 1987-05-27 |
EP0223016A3 EP0223016A3 (en) | 1988-03-30 |
Family
ID=6281884
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP86113214A Withdrawn EP0223016A3 (en) | 1985-09-25 | 1986-09-25 | Closed heating system with a heat-conveying medium |
Country Status (2)
Country | Link |
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EP (1) | EP0223016A3 (en) |
DE (1) | DE3534154A1 (en) |
Cited By (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
GR890100628A (en) * | 1989-10-02 | 1991-12-30 | Iraklis Zoitsis | Electric hot water heater |
NL9300655A (en) * | 1993-04-16 | 1994-11-16 | Wegra Maschf Bv | Heating or cooling device |
FR2707738A1 (en) * | 1993-07-16 | 1995-01-20 | Silvani Jean Baptiste | Hot-water central heating installation with 1 litre of water and a 1200 W resistive element |
WO2004098702A1 (en) * | 2003-05-06 | 2004-11-18 | Adolf Wiebecke | Device for influencing, deflecting and/or reflecting preferably electromagnetic, terrestrial and atmospheric radiation or fields having a natural or technical origin |
FR2890724A1 (en) * | 2005-09-09 | 2007-03-16 | Ghasnavi Eric Moavensadeh | Electrical heating system for radiators and domestic hot water uses insulated and safe resistance linked to metal tube through which water is circulated |
GB2512206A (en) * | 2013-03-19 | 2014-09-24 | Mark Edwin Benson | Building heating installation and methodology that enables room temperatures as low as 7ºC during unoccupied hours with secondary frost thermostats able to be |
Families Citing this family (5)
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DE3717520A1 (en) * | 1987-05-25 | 1988-12-15 | Siemens Ag | Continuous-flow flashing vessel for liquefied gases, in particular carbon dioxide |
DE202004008670U1 (en) * | 2004-05-29 | 2005-10-13 | Hannemann, Mike | Drinking water softener assembly for use in association with e.g. central heating system has pressure tank resting in wheeled frame |
DE102005036356C5 (en) * | 2005-07-29 | 2015-09-10 | Perma-Trade Wassertechnik Gmbh | Water treatment device for a heating system |
DE102006024868A1 (en) * | 2006-05-15 | 2007-11-22 | Hydrotec Ag | Provision of softened water into unit to be supplied by using softening unit with a pressure container and ion exchanger for chip-removing machining of work pieces or rinsing baths, comprises regenerating the ion exchanger |
DE102007009959A1 (en) * | 2007-03-01 | 2008-09-04 | Klaus Seifert | Method for removing especially inorganic deposits in heating or cooling circuits using ion exchange resin in bypass or in main feed |
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DE1446383A1 (en) * | 1960-08-10 | 1969-08-07 | Dow Chemical Co | Scale removal |
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Cited By (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
GR890100628A (en) * | 1989-10-02 | 1991-12-30 | Iraklis Zoitsis | Electric hot water heater |
NL9300655A (en) * | 1993-04-16 | 1994-11-16 | Wegra Maschf Bv | Heating or cooling device |
FR2707738A1 (en) * | 1993-07-16 | 1995-01-20 | Silvani Jean Baptiste | Hot-water central heating installation with 1 litre of water and a 1200 W resistive element |
WO2004098702A1 (en) * | 2003-05-06 | 2004-11-18 | Adolf Wiebecke | Device for influencing, deflecting and/or reflecting preferably electromagnetic, terrestrial and atmospheric radiation or fields having a natural or technical origin |
FR2890724A1 (en) * | 2005-09-09 | 2007-03-16 | Ghasnavi Eric Moavensadeh | Electrical heating system for radiators and domestic hot water uses insulated and safe resistance linked to metal tube through which water is circulated |
GB2512206A (en) * | 2013-03-19 | 2014-09-24 | Mark Edwin Benson | Building heating installation and methodology that enables room temperatures as low as 7ºC during unoccupied hours with secondary frost thermostats able to be |
WO2014147371A1 (en) * | 2013-03-19 | 2014-09-25 | Mark Edwin Benson | Building heating installation and methodology that enables room temperatures as low as 7c during unoccupied hours with secondary frost thermostats able to be set at -2°c or below |
GB2512206B (en) * | 2013-03-19 | 2015-09-09 | Mark Edwin Benson | Building heating installation and methodology that enables room temperatures as low as 7ºC during unoccupied hours with secondary frost thermostats able to be |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
DE3534154A1 (en) | 1987-04-09 |
EP0223016A3 (en) | 1988-03-30 |
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