EP0206868A1 - Thermal circuit interrupter - Google Patents

Thermal circuit interrupter Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0206868A1
EP0206868A1 EP86401127A EP86401127A EP0206868A1 EP 0206868 A1 EP0206868 A1 EP 0206868A1 EP 86401127 A EP86401127 A EP 86401127A EP 86401127 A EP86401127 A EP 86401127A EP 0206868 A1 EP0206868 A1 EP 0206868A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
circuit breaker
heat
terminals
thermal circuit
movable member
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP86401127A
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German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Pierre Schwob
Daniel Bontoux
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SEB SA
Original Assignee
SEB SA
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by SEB SA filed Critical SEB SA
Publication of EP0206868A1 publication Critical patent/EP0206868A1/en
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H37/00—Thermally-actuated switches
    • H01H37/74—Switches in which only the opening movement or only the closing movement of a contact is effected by heating or cooling
    • H01H37/76—Contact member actuated by melting of fusible material, actuated due to burning of combustible material or due to explosion of explosive material
    • H01H37/764—Contact member actuated by melting of fusible material, actuated due to burning of combustible material or due to explosion of explosive material in which contacts are held closed by a thermal pellet
    • H01H37/766—Contact member actuated by melting of fusible material, actuated due to burning of combustible material or due to explosion of explosive material in which contacts are held closed by a thermal pellet using a bridging contact
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H37/00—Thermally-actuated switches
    • H01H37/74—Switches in which only the opening movement or only the closing movement of a contact is effected by heating or cooling
    • H01H37/76—Contact member actuated by melting of fusible material, actuated due to burning of combustible material or due to explosion of explosive material
    • H01H2037/768—Contact member actuated by melting of fusible material, actuated due to burning of combustible material or due to explosion of explosive material characterised by the composition of the fusible material

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a thermal circuit breaker and more particularly a thermal circuit breaker at a predetermined temperature to ensure the protection of electric household appliances, in particular irons.
  • This type of circuit breaker is not intended to act as a temperature regulation device for the household appliance in which it is mounted, but only to act as safety in the event that the regulation system has not worked and where the household appliance is therefore subjected to an abnormal rise in temperature.
  • the circuit breaker To perform its function, the circuit breaker must operate as soon as an unusual temperature is reached and before the device to be protected is damaged. For this it is necessary to ensure good thermal transmission between the heating element to be checked and the circuit breaker.
  • the circuit breaker is preferably in direct contact with the heating element to be checked.
  • the space available to put the circuit breaker in contact with the heating element is low due to the various accessories which surround the heating element and are necessary for the operation of the household appliance.
  • the heating element consists of the soleplate of the iron, a large part of which is made unavailable by the presence of the heating resistor, of the zone of formation of steam and of the contact zone with the regulating means.
  • circuit breaker be as miniaturized as possible.
  • circuit breaker In addition, and taking into account the cost imperatives, it is necessary that the structure of the circuit breaker is compatible with very large series mounting operations. fast especially by means of automatic machines.
  • British patent application 2 005 477 describes a rechargeable thermal circuit breaker with rotary contacts of relatively complex structure which is not compatible with very simple series mounting operations.
  • An object of the present invention is to provide a thermal circuit breaker which, while being sufficiently sensitive and miniaturized, keeps the household appliance on which it is mounted in service as long as the temperature of this appliance is not abnormal.
  • a thermal circuit breaker comprising a housing comprising at least one part of the housing which conducts heat, two terminals carried by an electrically insulating plug, and a movable element which conducts the electricity maintained in contact with each of the terminals by a part deformable by heat, itself in contact with the part of the housing which conducts heat, characterized in that it comprises a movable electrically insulating member, movable in translation, disposed between the movable element and the part deformable by heat, this movable member forming a separation between the part deformable by heat on the one hand and the terminals and the electrically conductive element on the other hand.
  • the heat-deformable part is without drawback produced in the form of a conductive pad, for example of a metal alloy having a precise melting temperature higher than the normal temperature of use of the device on which the circuit breaker is mounted and does not sublime at temperatures below the normal temperature for use.
  • the movable member forms a partition preventing the molten material from going up towards the terminals and from restoring the interrupted electrical circuit or from creating a grounding of the device.
  • the heat-deformable part is a fusible pad and the movable member comprises a punch part extending towards the fusible pad.
  • the part of the heat conducting casing comprises an annular partition extending towards the movable member and surrounding the fusible pad.
  • the volume of the wafer is reduced to the volume delimited by the annular partition and a thermal circuit breaker having a very low inertia is produced.
  • the plug has a peripheral groove and the housing is crimped in this groove.
  • the circuit breaker comprises a housing generally designated at 1 comprising a cylindrical side wall 2 and a bottom 3.
  • the housing 1 is made of a heat conductive material 1 and preferably in a single operation, for example by creep of a aluminum pellet.
  • the housing 1 is closed by a plug 4 crossed by electrical terminals 5 arranged side by side.
  • the plug 4 is made of an electrically insulating material, for example ceramic, and the terminals 5 are therefore electrically insulated from the case 1 which conducts heat.
  • the terminals 5 open on the one hand towards the outside of the circuit breaker where they can be connected to the electrical circuit of the heating appliance for which it is desired to ensure safety, and on the other hand towards the inside where they are electrically connected by an electrically conductive movable element 6 held in contact with each of the terminals 5 by an insulating movable member 7 supported by a part 8 deformable by heat in contact with the bottom 3 of the housing.
  • the part 8 which can be deformed by heat is for example a fusible disc made of a metal alloy based on lead, tin and bismuth.
  • the movable conductive element 6 is a metal plate in the form of a cup disposed opposite the terminals 5 and on which springs 9 and 10 act in an antagonistic manner, the spring 9 being disposed at- above the cup 6 and the spring 10 below the cup 6.
  • the cup 6 has a rim 11 and a bottom 12 connected by a side wall.
  • the spring 10 is a cylindrical helical spring with a diameter substantially equal to that of the flange 11 and the spring 9 is a cylindrical helical spring whose diameter is close to the diameter of the disc 12 forming the bottom of the cup so that, during assembly, the springs 9 and 10 and the cup 6 are automatically centered with respect to each other.
  • the spring 10 is dimensioned to exert, when compressed, a force greater than that of the spring 9 and thus maintain the flange 11 against the terminals 5 in order to close the electrical circuit between these terminals.
  • the movable member 7 also made of insulating material, for example ceramic, has at its lower part a punch part 13 extending towards the deformable pad 8.
  • the bottom 3 of the housing 1 has an annular partition 14 extending towards the movable member 7 and surrounding the deformable patch 8.
  • the plug 4 also includes a peripheral groove 15 located at a distance d from the upper face of the plug 4.
  • the circuit breaker assembly according to the invention is preferably carried out upside down, that is to say that the plug 4 is placed on a reference surface, then the spring 9, the cup 6 are successively stacked, the spring 10, the movable member 7 and the housing 1 in which the pad 8 has been previously put in place. It can then be seen that the case 1 engages more or less on the plug 4 as a function of the height of the movable member 7 and of the thickness of the pad 8 which varies a little according to manufacturing tolerances. An automatic crimping can nevertheless be easily carried out, the only constraint for this operation being the constancy of the distance d between the external face of the plug 4 and the groove 15.
  • the parts are in the position shown on the left half of Figure 1, that is to say that the cup 6 provides electrical contact between the terminals 5, these being also isolated from the housing by the plug 4 and the movable member 7.
  • the terminals 5 are arranged in a cavity 16 of the plug 4 and the movable member 7 comprises a cavity 17 opposite the cavity 16, a surface portion 18 of the member mobile 7 being in contact with the plug 4.
  • the circuit breaker can be arranged without damage in a highly charged atmosphere, for example near the steam formation chamber of an electric iron.
  • the chip 8 melts and the movable member 7 sinks into the molten material under the action of the springs 9 and 10.
  • the spring 10 expands until the force exerted by it on the cup 6 becomes less to the force exerted by the spring 9, which then separates the cup 6 from the terminals 5 and opens the electrical circuit between these terminals.
  • the molten material of the pellet 8 can flow freely in the cavity 19 surrounding the lower part of the movable member 7.
  • the movable member 7 may present with the side wall of the housing 1 a clearance 20 which, in the case of a conductive fusible material, must however be sufficiently weak to create a flow resistance preventing the conductive fusible material from flowing to the terminals 5 and to restore the electrical circuit between that -this.
  • FIG. 2 illustrates a second embodiment of the circuit breaker according to the invention.
  • the circuit breaker comprises a box 1 comprising a side wall 2 and a bottom 3, and closed by a plug 4 in which are arranged terminals 5 passing through the plug 4.
  • the element mobile conductor 6 is this time a helical spring of which at least one turn 6a has a diameter different from the others and is arranged with respect to the terminals 5 to be in contact with the latter before the pellet 8 heats up and is spaced apart from minus one of them when this pellet heats up.
  • the spring 6 is substantially frustoconical in the rest position.
  • the helical spring 6 has its end of larger diameter facing the plug 4 and inserted into an annular groove 21 made on the underside of the plug 4, and its end of small diameter resting on the surface upper part of the movable member 7 and kept centered on it by a circular shoulder 22.
  • the circuit breaker is mounted in a cylindrical cavity 23 of a sole 24 of an iron and is held in place in this cavity by a washer 25 fixed to the upper part of the sole 24 by a pin 26 formed on the upper surface of the sole 24 nearby of the cavity 23 and whose head is crushed on the washer 25, so that the edge of the washer 25 overhangs the upper part of the circuit breaker and thus keeps the bottom 3 of the housing 1 in contact with the bottom of the cavity 23 .
  • the movable member 7 also includes an annular wall part 27 surrounding the lower part of the plug.
  • the wall part 27 forms, with the opposite part of the plug 4, a baffle which additionally prevents the molten fuse material from rising up towards the terminals 5.
  • FIG. 3 illustrates a third embodiment comprising, as in the first embodiment, a movable conductive element 6 formed by a metal plate urged in the direction of opening of the contact by a helical spring 9.
  • the metal plate 6 is directly supported by the movable member 7 and the spring-10 antagonistic to the spring 9 is disposed below the movable member 7.
  • the spring 10 relaxes in the melted fusible material and causes a small displacement. of this molten material which thus remains completely contained in the annular wall 14.
  • the pellet 8 which can be deformed by heat can be replaced by a bimetallic strip or a metal coil with shape memory.
  • the seal between the plug 4 and the housing 1 can be obtained by using a plug made of slightly deformable organic material forced into the housing at the time of assembly.

Abstract

Le coupe-circuit thermique selon l'invention comporte un boîtier (1) comprenant au moins une partie de boîtier (3) conductrice de la chaleur, deux bornes (5) portées par un bouchon (4) électriquement isolant, et un élément mobile (6) conducteur de l'électricité maintenu en contact avec chacune des bornes (5) par une pièce (8) déformable par la chaleur, elle-même en contact avec la partie de boîtier (3), il est caractérisé en ce qu'il comporte un organe mobile (7) électriquement isolant disposé entre l'élément mobile (6) et la pièce (8) déformable par la chaleur, cet organe mobile (7) formant une séparation entre la pièce (8) déformable par la chaleur d'une part, et les bornes (5) et l'élément mobile (6) conducteur de l'électricité, d'autre part.The thermal circuit breaker according to the invention comprises a casing (1) comprising at least one heat-conducting casing part (3), two terminals (5) carried by an electrically insulating cap (4), and a movable element ( 6) electrical conductor maintained in contact with each of the terminals (5) by a part (8) deformable by heat, itself in contact with the housing part (3), it is characterized in that it comprises an electrically insulating movable member (7) arranged between the movable element (6) and the heat-deformable part (8), this movable member (7) forming a separation between the heat-deformable part (8) of one hand, and the terminals (5) and the mobile element (6) conductive of electricity, on the other hand.

Description

La présente invention concerne un coupe-circuit thermique et plus particulièrement un coupe-circuit thermique à température prédéterminée pour assurer la protection d'appareils éléctroménagers chauffants, notamment des fers à repasser.The present invention relates to a thermal circuit breaker and more particularly a thermal circuit breaker at a predetermined temperature to ensure the protection of electric household appliances, in particular irons.

Ce type de coupe-circuit n'est pas destiné à agir comme organe de régulation de la température de l'appareil ménager dans lequel il est monté mais seulement à agir comme sécurité dans le cas où le système de régulation n'a pas fonctionné et où l'appareil ménager est donc soumis à une élévation de température anormale.This type of circuit breaker is not intended to act as a temperature regulation device for the household appliance in which it is mounted, but only to act as safety in the event that the regulation system has not worked and where the household appliance is therefore subjected to an abnormal rise in temperature.

Pour remplir sa fonction, le coupe-circuit doit fonctionner dès qu'une température inhabituelle est atteinte et avant que l'appareil à protéger ne soit détérioré. Pour cela il est nécessaire d'assurer une bonne transmission thermique entre l'élément chauffant à contrôler et le coupe-circuit.To perform its function, the circuit breaker must operate as soon as an unusual temperature is reached and before the device to be protected is damaged. For this it is necessary to ensure good thermal transmission between the heating element to be checked and the circuit breaker.

Pour cette raison, le coupe-circuit est de préférence en contact direct avec l'élément chauffant à contrôler. Toutefois, dans le cas d'appareils ménagers de petites dimensions, par exemple des fers à repasser, la place disponible pour mettre le coupe-circuit en contact avec l'élément chauffant est faible en raison des différents accessoires qui entourent l'élément chauffant et sont nécessaires au fonctionnement de l'appareil ménager. Ainsi, dans le cas d'un fer à repasser à vapeur, l'élément chauffant est constitué par la semelle du fer dont une grande partie est rendue indisponible par la présence de la résistance chauffante, de la zone de formation de la vapeur et de la zone de contact avec les moyens de régulation.For this reason, the circuit breaker is preferably in direct contact with the heating element to be checked. However, in the case of small household appliances, for example irons, the space available to put the circuit breaker in contact with the heating element is low due to the various accessories which surround the heating element and are necessary for the operation of the household appliance. Thus, in the case of a steam iron, the heating element consists of the soleplate of the iron, a large part of which is made unavailable by the presence of the heating resistor, of the zone of formation of steam and of the contact zone with the regulating means.

Il est donc nécessaire que le coupe-circuit soit aussi miniaturisé que possible.It is therefore necessary that the circuit breaker be as miniaturized as possible.

En outre, et compte tenu des impératifs de coût, il est nécessaire que la structure du coupe-circuit soit compatible avec des opérations de montage en série très rapide notamment au moyen de machines automatiques.In addition, and taking into account the cost imperatives, it is necessary that the structure of the circuit breaker is compatible with very large series mounting operations. fast especially by means of automatic machines.

On connaît déjà des coupe-circuit thermiques miniaturisés ayant une bonne transmission thermique. En particulier, le brevet américain 3 291 945 décrit un coupe-circuit thermique comportant un boîtier conducteur de la chaleur, deux bornes portées par un bouchon électriquement isolant et un élément mobile conducteur de l'électricité maintenu en contact avec chacune des bornes par une pastille fusible elle-même en contact avec le boîtier. Toutefois, selon l'enseignement de ce brevet, la pastille fusible doit être réalisée en matériau électriquement isolant, faute de quoi les conducteurs sont électriquement reliés au boîtier, ce qui constitue un court-circuit permanent ou une mise à la masse même lorsque la pastille est fondue en raison d'une élévation de la température. Par ailleurs, il est connu que les pastilles fusibles électriquement isolantes sont généralement réalisées à partir d'un matériau organique qui se sublime lentement aux températures d'utilisation normales d'un appareil électro-ménager chauffant. Si l'on utilise un coupe-circuit du type décrit dans le document américain 3 291 945 dans un appareil ménager chauffant, la pastille fusible se sublime donc progressivement au fur et à mesure des utilisations normales de l'appareil et le coupe-circuit se déclenche finalement alors que l'appareil ménager n'a été soumis à aucune élévation de température anormale. Ce vice de fonctionnement nécessite le remplacement du coupe-circuit, ce qui est incompatible avec une commercialisation de l'appareil auprès d'utilisateurs non professionnels.Miniaturized thermal cutouts with good thermal transmission are already known. In particular, US Pat. 3,291,945 describes a thermal circuit breaker comprising a heat conducting casing, two terminals carried by an electrically insulating plug and a mobile electrically conducting element kept in contact with each of the terminals by a pad. fuse itself in contact with the housing. However, according to the teaching of this patent, the fuse pad must be made of electrically insulating material, failing which the conductors are electrically connected to the housing, which constitutes a permanent short-circuit or a grounding even when the pad is melted due to a rise in temperature. Furthermore, it is known that the electrically insulating fuse pads are generally produced from an organic material which sublimes slowly at normal operating temperatures of a heating household appliance. If a circuit breaker of the type described in American document 3,291,945 is used in a heating household appliance, the fuse pad sublimates progressively as normal uses of the apparatus and the circuit breaker finally triggers when the household appliance has not been subjected to any abnormal temperature rise. This malfunction requires the replacement of the circuit breaker, which is incompatible with marketing the device to non-professional users.

La demande de brevet britannique 2 005 477 décrit un coupe-circuit thermique rechargeable à contacts rotatifs de structure relativement complexe qui n'est pas compatible avec des opérations de montage en série très simple.British patent application 2 005 477 describes a rechargeable thermal circuit breaker with rotary contacts of relatively complex structure which is not compatible with very simple series mounting operations.

Un but de la présente invention est de réaliser un coupe-circuit thermique qui, tout en étant suffisamment sensible et miniaturisé, maintienne en service l'appareil ménager sur lequel il est monté tant que la température de cet appareil n'est pas anormale.An object of the present invention is to provide a thermal circuit breaker which, while being sufficiently sensitive and miniaturized, keeps the household appliance on which it is mounted in service as long as the temperature of this appliance is not abnormal.

En vue de la réalisation de ce but, on prévoit selon l'invention un coupe-circuit thermique comportant un boîtier comprenant au moins une partie de boîtier conductrice de la chaleur, deux bornes portées par un bouchon électriquement isolant, et un élément mobile conducteur de l'électricité maintenu en contact avec chacune des bornes par une pièce déformable par la chaleur, elle-même en contact avec la partie de boîtier conductrice de la chaleur, caractérisé en ce qu'il comporte un organe mobile électriquement isolant,mobile en translation, disposé entre l'élément mobile et la pièce déformable par la chaleur, cet organe mobile formant une séparation entre la pièce déformable par la chaleur d'une part et les bornes et l'élément conducteur de l'électricité d'autre part.With a view to achieving this aim, a thermal circuit breaker is provided according to the invention comprising a housing comprising at least one part of the housing which conducts heat, two terminals carried by an electrically insulating plug, and a movable element which conducts the electricity maintained in contact with each of the terminals by a part deformable by heat, itself in contact with the part of the housing which conducts heat, characterized in that it comprises a movable electrically insulating member, movable in translation, disposed between the movable element and the part deformable by heat, this movable member forming a separation between the part deformable by heat on the one hand and the terminals and the electrically conductive element on the other hand.

Ainsi, la pièce déformable par la chaleur est sans inconvénient réalisée sous forme d'une pastille conductrice, par exemple en un alliage métallique ayant une température de fusion précise supérieure à la température normale d'utilisation de l'appareil sur lequel le coupe-circuit est monté et ne se sublimant pas à des températures inférieures à la température normale d'utilisation. De plus, lors d'une fusion de la pastille, l'organe mobile forme une cloison empêchant le matériau fondu de remonter vers les bornes et de rétablir le circuit électrique interrompu ou de créer une mise à la masse de l'appareil.Thus, the heat-deformable part is without drawback produced in the form of a conductive pad, for example of a metal alloy having a precise melting temperature higher than the normal temperature of use of the device on which the circuit breaker is mounted and does not sublime at temperatures below the normal temperature for use. In addition, during a melting of the pellet, the movable member forms a partition preventing the molten material from going up towards the terminals and from restoring the interrupted electrical circuit or from creating a grounding of the device.

Selon une version avantageuse de l'invention, la pièce déformable par la chaleur est une pastille fusible et l'organe mobile comporte une partie de poinçon s'étendant vers la pastille fusible. Ainsi, lorsque la pastille fond, l'organe mobile se déplace pour ouvrir le coupe-circuit sans entraîner un déplacement important de matière fondue.According to an advantageous version of the invention, the heat-deformable part is a fusible pad and the movable member comprises a punch part extending towards the fusible pad. Thus, when the pellet melts, the movable member moves to open the circuit breaker without causing a significant displacement of molten material.

Selon une version préférée de l'invention, la partie de boîtier conductrice de la chaleur comporte une cloison annulaire s'étendant vers l'organe mobile et entourant la pastille fusible. Ainsi le volume de la pastille est réduit au volume délimité par la cloison annulaire et on réalise un coupe-circuit thermique ayant une très faible inertie.According to a preferred version of the invention, the part of the heat conducting casing comprises an annular partition extending towards the movable member and surrounding the fusible pad. Thus the volume of the wafer is reduced to the volume delimited by the annular partition and a thermal circuit breaker having a very low inertia is produced.

Selon un autre aspect de l'invention, le bouchon comporte une rainure périphérique et le boîtier est serti dans cette rainure. Ainsi, lors de la réalisation et du montage du coupe-circuit, le sertissage est efficacement effectué à un niveau constant sans qu'il soit nécessaire de tenir compte des variations de hauteur de l'empilage des pièces, lesquelles résultent des tolérances de fabrication de chaque pièce.According to another aspect of the invention, the plug has a peripheral groove and the housing is crimped in this groove. Thus, during the production and mounting of the circuit breaker, the crimping is effectively carried out at a constant level without it being necessary to take into account variations in the height of the stacking of the parts, which result from the manufacturing tolerances of each part.

D'autres caractéristiques et avantages de l'invention résulteront encore de la description ci-après d'exemples non limitatifs en référence aux dessins annexés parmi lesquels :Other characteristics and advantages of the invention will also result from the following description of nonlimiting examples with reference to the appended drawings in which:

  • - la figure 1 est une vue en coupe axiale d'un premier mode de réalisation de l'invention ;- Figure 1 is an axial sectional view of a first embodiment of the invention;
  • - la figure 2 est une vue en coupe axiale d'un second mode de réalisation de l'invention ;- Figure 2 is an axial sectional view of a second embodiment of the invention;
  • - la figure 3 est une vue en coupe axiale d'un troisième mode de réalisation de l'invention.- Figure 3 is an axial sectional view of a third embodiment of the invention.

En référence à la figure 1, on a représenté sur la moitié de gauche le coupe-circuit en posiiton normale d'utilisation et sur la moitié de droite le coupe-circuit après déclenchement à la suite d'une élévation anormale de la température de l'appareil sur lequel il a été monté. Pour des raisons de clarté, le coupe-circuit est représenté très agrandi. Le coupe-circuit comprend un boîtier généralement désigné en 1 comportant une paroi latérale cylindrique 2 et un fond 3. Le boitier 1 est réalisé en un matériau conducteur de la chaleur 1 et de préférence en une seule opération, par exemple par fluage d'une pastille d'aluminium.Referring to Figure 1, there is shown on the left half the circuit breaker in normal position of use and on the right half the circuit breaker after tripping following an abnormal rise in temperature device on which it was mounted. For reasons of clarity, the circuit breaker is shown very enlarged. The circuit breaker comprises a housing generally designated at 1 comprising a cylindrical side wall 2 and a bottom 3. The housing 1 is made of a heat conductive material 1 and preferably in a single operation, for example by creep of a aluminum pellet.

A l'extrémité opposé au fond 3, le boîtier 1 est fermé par un bouchon 4 traversé par des bornes électriques 5 disposées côte-à-côte. Le bouchon 4 est réalisé en une matière électriquement isolante, par exemple de la céramique, et les bornes 5 sont donc électriquement isolées du boîtier 1 conducteur de la chaleur.At the end opposite the bottom 3, the housing 1 is closed by a plug 4 crossed by electrical terminals 5 arranged side by side. The plug 4 is made of an electrically insulating material, for example ceramic, and the terminals 5 are therefore electrically insulated from the case 1 which conducts heat.

Les bornes 5 débouchent d'une part vers l'extérieur du coupe-circuit où elles peuvent être raccordées au circuit électrique de l'appareil chauffant dont on souhaite assurer la sécurité, et d'autre part vers l'intérieur où elles sont connectées électriquement par un élément mobile conducteur de l'électricité 6 maintenu en contact avec chacune des bornes 5 par un organe mobile isolant 7 supporté par une pièce 8 déformable par la chaleur en contact avec le fond 3 du boîtier. La pièce 8 déformable par la chaleur est par exemple une pastille fusible en.alliage métallique à base de plomb, d'étain et de bismuth.The terminals 5 open on the one hand towards the outside of the circuit breaker where they can be connected to the electrical circuit of the heating appliance for which it is desired to ensure safety, and on the other hand towards the inside where they are electrically connected by an electrically conductive movable element 6 held in contact with each of the terminals 5 by an insulating movable member 7 supported by a part 8 deformable by heat in contact with the bottom 3 of the housing. The part 8 which can be deformed by heat is for example a fusible disc made of a metal alloy based on lead, tin and bismuth.

Dans ce premier exemple de réalisation, l'élément mobile conducteur 6 est une plaque métallique en forme de coupelle disposée vis-à-vis des bornes 5 et sur laquelle des ressorts 9 et 10 agissent de façon antagoniste, le ressort 9 étant disposé au-dessus de la coupelle 6 et le ressort 10 en-dessous de la coupelle 6. La coupelle 6 comporte un rebord 11 et un fond 12 reliés par une paroi latérale. Le ressort 10 est un ressort hélicoidal cylindrique de diamètre sensiblement égal à celui du rebord 11 et le ressort 9 est un ressort hélicoïdal cylindrique dont le diamètre est voisin du diamètre du disque 12 formant le fond de la coupelle de sorte que, lors du montage, les ressorts 9 et 10 et la coupelle 6 se trouvent automatiquement centrés les uns par rapport aux autres. Le ressort 10 est dimensionné pour exercer, lorsqu'il est comprimé, une force supérieure à celle du ressort 9 et maintenir ainsi le rebord 11 contre les bornes 5 afin de fermer le circuit électrique entre ces bornes.In this first exemplary embodiment, the movable conductive element 6 is a metal plate in the form of a cup disposed opposite the terminals 5 and on which springs 9 and 10 act in an antagonistic manner, the spring 9 being disposed at- above the cup 6 and the spring 10 below the cup 6. The cup 6 has a rim 11 and a bottom 12 connected by a side wall. The spring 10 is a cylindrical helical spring with a diameter substantially equal to that of the flange 11 and the spring 9 is a cylindrical helical spring whose diameter is close to the diameter of the disc 12 forming the bottom of the cup so that, during assembly, the springs 9 and 10 and the cup 6 are automatically centered with respect to each other. The spring 10 is dimensioned to exert, when compressed, a force greater than that of the spring 9 and thus maintain the flange 11 against the terminals 5 in order to close the electrical circuit between these terminals.

L'organe mobile 7 également réalisé en matière isolante, par exemple en céramique, comporte à sa partie inférieure une partie de poinçon 13 s'étendant vers la pastille déformable 8. Le fond 3 du boîtier 1 comporte une cloison annulaire 14 s'étendant vers l'organe mobile 7 et entourant la pastille déformable 8.The movable member 7 also made of insulating material, for example ceramic, has at its lower part a punch part 13 extending towards the deformable pad 8. The bottom 3 of the housing 1 has an annular partition 14 extending towards the movable member 7 and surrounding the deformable patch 8.

Selon ce mode de réalisation préféré, le bouchon 4 comporte également une rainure périphérique 15 située à une distance d de la face supérieure du bouchon 4.According to this preferred embodiment, the plug 4 also includes a peripheral groove 15 located at a distance d from the upper face of the plug 4.

Le montage du coupe-circuit selon l'invention est de préférence réalisé à l'envers, c'est-à-dire que le bouchon 4 est disposé sur une surface de référence, puis on empile successivement le ressort 9, la coupelle 6, le ressort 10, l'organe mobile 7 et le boîtier 1 dans lequel la pastille 8 a été préalablement mise en place. On constate alors que le boitier 1 s'engage plus au moins sur le bouchon 4 en fonction de la hauteur de l'organe mobile 7 et de l'épaisseur de la pastille 8 qui varie un peu selon les tolérances de fabrication. Un sertissage automatique peut néanmoins être réalisé aisément, la seule contrainte pour cette opération étant la constance de la distance d entre la face externe du bouchon 4 et la rainure 15. Après le montage, les pièces sont dans la position représentée sur la moitié gauche de la figure 1, c'est-à-dire que la coupelle 6 assure un contact électrique entre les bornes 5, celles-ci étant par ailleurs isolées du boîtier par le bouchon 4 et l'organe mobile 7. A ce propos, on notera que dans le mode de réalisation préféré, les bornes 5 sont disposées dans une cavité 16 du bouchon 4 et l'organe mobile 7 comporte une cavité 17 en vis-à-vis de la cavité 16, une partie de surface 18 de l'organe mobile 7 étant en contact avec le bouchon 4. Ainsi, le coupe-circuit peut être disposé sans dommages dans une atmosphère très chargée, par exemple à proximité de la chambre de formation de vapeur d'un fer à repasser électrique.The circuit breaker assembly according to the invention is preferably carried out upside down, that is to say that the plug 4 is placed on a reference surface, then the spring 9, the cup 6 are successively stacked, the spring 10, the movable member 7 and the housing 1 in which the pad 8 has been previously put in place. It can then be seen that the case 1 engages more or less on the plug 4 as a function of the height of the movable member 7 and of the thickness of the pad 8 which varies a little according to manufacturing tolerances. An automatic crimping can nevertheless be easily carried out, the only constraint for this operation being the constancy of the distance d between the external face of the plug 4 and the groove 15. After assembly, the parts are in the position shown on the left half of Figure 1, that is to say that the cup 6 provides electrical contact between the terminals 5, these being also isolated from the housing by the plug 4 and the movable member 7. In this regard, it will be noted that in the preferred embodiment, the terminals 5 are arranged in a cavity 16 of the plug 4 and the movable member 7 comprises a cavity 17 opposite the cavity 16, a surface portion 18 of the member mobile 7 being in contact with the plug 4. Thus, the circuit breaker can be arranged without damage in a highly charged atmosphere, for example near the steam formation chamber of an electric iron.

Lors d'une surchauffe anormale de l'appareil ménager sur lequel le court-circuit est monté, la pastille 8 fond et l'organe mobile 7 s'enfonce dans le matériau fondu sous l'action des ressorts 9 et 10. Lors de ce mouvement, le ressort 10 se détend jusqu'au moment où la force exercée par celui-ci sur la coupelle 6 devient inférieure à l'effort exercé par le ressort 9, lequel écarte alors la coupelle 6 des bornes 5 et ouvre le circuit électrique entre ces bornes. On remarque que le matériau fondu de la pastille 8 peut s'écouler librement dans la cavité 19 entourant la partie inférieure de l'organe mobile 7. A ce propos, on notera que l'organe mobile 7 peut présenter avec la paroi latérale du boîtier 1 un jeu 20 qui, dans le cas d'un matériau fusible conducteur, doit cependant être suffisamment faible pour créer une résistance à l'écoulement empêchant le matériau fusible conducteur de s'écouler vers les bornes 5 et de rétablir le circuit électrique entre celle-ci.During an abnormal overheating of the household appliance on which the short circuit is mounted, the chip 8 melts and the movable member 7 sinks into the molten material under the action of the springs 9 and 10. During this movement, the spring 10 expands until the force exerted by it on the cup 6 becomes less to the force exerted by the spring 9, which then separates the cup 6 from the terminals 5 and opens the electrical circuit between these terminals. Note that the molten material of the pellet 8 can flow freely in the cavity 19 surrounding the lower part of the movable member 7. In this regard, it will be noted that the movable member 7 may present with the side wall of the housing 1 a clearance 20 which, in the case of a conductive fusible material, must however be sufficiently weak to create a flow resistance preventing the conductive fusible material from flowing to the terminals 5 and to restore the electrical circuit between that -this.

La figure 2 illustre un second mode de réalisation du coupe-circuit selon l'invention. Dans ce mode de réalisation, comme dans le précédent, le coupe-circuit comporte un boitier 1 comprenant une paroi latérale 2 et un fond 3, et fermé par un bouchon 4 dans lequel sont disposées des bornes 5 traversant le bouchon 4. L'élément mobile conducteur 6 est cette fois un ressort hélicoïdal dont au moins une spire 6a à un diamètre différent des autres et est disposée par rapport aux bornes 5 pour être en contact avec celle-ci avant un échauffement de la pastille 8 et être écartée d'au moins l'une d'entre elle lors d'un échauffement de cette pastille. De préférence, le ressort 6 est sensiblement tronconique en position de repos.FIG. 2 illustrates a second embodiment of the circuit breaker according to the invention. In this embodiment, as in the previous one, the circuit breaker comprises a box 1 comprising a side wall 2 and a bottom 3, and closed by a plug 4 in which are arranged terminals 5 passing through the plug 4. The element mobile conductor 6 is this time a helical spring of which at least one turn 6a has a diameter different from the others and is arranged with respect to the terminals 5 to be in contact with the latter before the pellet 8 heats up and is spaced apart from minus one of them when this pellet heats up. Preferably, the spring 6 is substantially frustoconical in the rest position.

Dans l'exemple particulier représenté, le resssort hélicoïdal 6 a son extrémité de plus grand diamètre tournée vers le bouchon 4 et insérée dans une gorge annulaire 21 réalisée sur la face inférieure du bouchon 4, et son extrémité de petit diamètre en appui sur la surface supérieure de l'organe mobile 7 et maintenu centrée sur celui-ci par un épaulement circulaire 22. Dans l'application préférentielle envisagée, le coupe-circuit est monté dans une cavité cylindrique 23 d'une semelle 24 d'un fer à repasser et est maintenu en place dans cette cavité par une rondelle 25 fixée à la partie supérieure de la semelle 24 par un picot 26 formé à la surface supérieure de la semelle 24 à proximité de la cavité 23 et dont la tête est écrasée sur la rondelle 25, de sorte que le bord de la rondelle 25 surplombe la partie supérieure du coupe-circuit et maintient ainsi le fond 3 du boîtier 1 en contact avec le fond de la cavité 23.In the particular example shown, the helical spring 6 has its end of larger diameter facing the plug 4 and inserted into an annular groove 21 made on the underside of the plug 4, and its end of small diameter resting on the surface upper part of the movable member 7 and kept centered on it by a circular shoulder 22. In the preferred application envisaged, the circuit breaker is mounted in a cylindrical cavity 23 of a sole 24 of an iron and is held in place in this cavity by a washer 25 fixed to the upper part of the sole 24 by a pin 26 formed on the upper surface of the sole 24 nearby of the cavity 23 and whose head is crushed on the washer 25, so that the edge of the washer 25 overhangs the upper part of the circuit breaker and thus keeps the bottom 3 of the housing 1 in contact with the bottom of the cavity 23 .

Dans ce mode de réalisation, l'organe mobile 7 comporte également une partie de paroi annulaire 27 entourant la partie inférieure du bouchon. Ainsi, même lorsque le coupe-circuit est en position déclenchée, la partie de paroi 27 forme avec la partie en regard du bouchon 4 une chicane empêchant de façon complémentaire une remontée du matériau fusible fondu vers les bornes 5.In this embodiment, the movable member 7 also includes an annular wall part 27 surrounding the lower part of the plug. Thus, even when the circuit breaker is in the tripped position, the wall part 27 forms, with the opposite part of the plug 4, a baffle which additionally prevents the molten fuse material from rising up towards the terminals 5.

La figure 3 illustre un troisième mode de réalisation comportant comme dans le premier mode de réalisation, un élément mobile conducteur 6 formé par une plaque métallique sollicitée dans le sens de l'ouverture du contact par un ressort hélicoïdal 9. Toutefois, dans ce ca-s, la plaque métallique 6 est directement supportée par l'organe mobile 7 et le ressort-10 antagoniste au ressort 9 est disposé en dessous de l'organe mobile 7. Ainsi, lors de la fusion de la pastille 8, le ressort 10 se détend dans le matériau fusible fondu et provoque un faible déplacement. de cette matière fondue qui reste ainsi totalement contenue dans la paroi annulaire 14.FIG. 3 illustrates a third embodiment comprising, as in the first embodiment, a movable conductive element 6 formed by a metal plate urged in the direction of opening of the contact by a helical spring 9. However, in this case s, the metal plate 6 is directly supported by the movable member 7 and the spring-10 antagonistic to the spring 9 is disposed below the movable member 7. Thus, during the melting of the patch 8, the spring 10 relaxes in the melted fusible material and causes a small displacement. of this molten material which thus remains completely contained in the annular wall 14.

Bien entendu, l'invention n'est pas limitée au mode de réalisation décrit ci-dessus et on peut y apporter des variantes d'exécution.Of course, the invention is not limited to the embodiment described above and it is possible to make variant embodiments.

Par exemple, la pastille 8 déformable par la chaleur peut être remplacée par un bilame où une spire de métal à mémoire de forme.For example, the pellet 8 which can be deformed by heat can be replaced by a bimetallic strip or a metal coil with shape memory.

L'étanchéité entre le bouchon 4 et le boîtier 1 peut être obtenue en utilisant un bouchon en matière organique légèrement déformable introduit à force dans le boîtier au moment du montage.The seal between the plug 4 and the housing 1 can be obtained by using a plug made of slightly deformable organic material forced into the housing at the time of assembly.

Bien que la fixation des bornes 5 sur le bouchon 4 ait été représentée sous forme d'uné partie écrasée 28, on peut prévoir de sertir la queue de la borne 5 à la façon d'un rivet, le sertissage servant simultanément à maintenir une plaquette coudée en contact avec la borne 5 en.vue d'une liaison ultérieure avec un raccord rapide.Although the fixing of the terminals 5 on the plug 4 has been shown in the form of a crushed part 28, provision may be made for crimping the tail of the terminal 5 in the manner of a rivet, the crimping being used simultaneously to hold a wafer angled in contact with terminal 5 en.vue of a later connection with a quick connector.

Claims (10)

1. Coupe-circuit thermique comportant un boîtier (1) comprenant au moins une partie de boitier (3) conductrice de la chaleur, deux bornes (5) portées par un bouchon (4) électriquement isolant, et un élément mobile (6) conducteur de l'électricité maintenu avec chacune des bornes (5) par une pièce (8) déformable par la chaleur elle-même en contact avec la partie de boîtier (3) conductrice de la chaleur, caractérisé en ce qu'il comporte un organe
électriquement isolant (7), mobile en translation, disposé entre l'élément mobile (6) et la pièce (8) déformable par la chaleur, cet organe mobile (7) formant une séparation isolante entre la pièce (8) déformable par la chaleur d'une part et, les bornes (5) et l'élément mobile (6) conducteur de l'électricité, d'autre part.1. Thermal circuit breaker comprising a housing (1) comprising at least one part of the case (3) conducting heat, two terminals (5) carried by an electrically insulating plug (4), and a movable element (6) electricity maintained with each of the terminals (5) by a part (8) deformable by the heat itself in contact with the housing part (3) conductive of the heat, characterized in that it comprises a member
electrically insulating (7), movable in translation, disposed between the movable element (6) and the part (8) deformable by heat, this movable member (7) forming an insulating separation between the part (8) deformable by heat on the one hand and, the terminals (5) and the movable element (6) conducting electricity, on the other hand. 2. Coupe-circuit thermique conforme à la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que la pièce déformable par la chaleur est une pastille fusible (8) et en ce que l'organe mobile (7) comporte une partie de poinçon (13) s'étendant vers la pastille fusible (8).2. Thermal circuit breaker according to claim 1, characterized in that the part deformable by heat is a fuse pad (8) and in that the movable member (7) comprises a punch part (13) s' extending towards the fuse pad (8). 3. Coupe-circuit thermique conforme à la revendication 2, caractérisé en ce que la partie de boîtier (3) conductrice de la chaleur comporte une cloison annulaire (14) s'étendant vers l'organe mobile (7) et entourant la pastille fusible (8).3. Thermal circuit breaker according to claim 2, characterized in that the heat-conducting housing part (3) comprises an annular partition (14) extending towards the movable member (7) and surrounding the fuse pad (8). 4. Coupe-circuit thermique conforme à l'une des revendications 1 à 3, caractérisé en ce que le bouchon (4) comporte une rainure périphérique (15) et en ce que le boitier est serti dans cette rainure.4. Thermal circuit breaker according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the plug (4) has a peripheral groove (15) and in that the housing is crimped in this groove. 5. Coupe-circuit thermique conforme à l'une des revendications 1 à 4, caractérisé en ce que l'organe mobile (7) a une partie de surface (18) en contact avec le bouchon (4) et en ce que les bornes (5) et l'élément mobile conducteur de l'électricité (6) sont enfermés à l'intérieur d'une cavité (16, 17) interne, délimitée par des parties de paroi en regard du bouchon (4) et de l'organe mobile (7).5. Thermal circuit breaker according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the movable member (7) has a surface part (18) in contact with the plug (4) and in that the terminals (5) and the mobile electrically conductive element (6) are enclosed inside an internal cavity (16, 17), delimited by wall parts opposite the plug (4) and the movable member (7). 6. Coupe-circuit thermique conforme à l'une des revendications 1 à 5, caractérisé en ce que l'organe mobile (7) comporte une partie de paroi annulaire (27) entourant une partie du bouchon (4).6. Thermal circuit breaker according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the movable member (7) has an annular wall portion (27) surrounding a portion of the plug (4). 7. Coupe-circuit thermique conforme à l'une des revendications 1 à 6, caractérisé en ce que l'élément mobile conducteur est un ressort hélicoïdal (6) dont au moins une (6a) des spires a un diamètre différent des autres et est disposée par rapport aux bornes (5) pour etre en contact avec celles-ci avant un échauffement de la piècé (8) déformable par la chaleur, et être écartée d'au moins l'une d'entre elles lors d'un échauffement de la pièce (8).7. thermal circuit breaker according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the movable conductive element is a helical spring (6) of which at least one (6a) of the turns has a diameter different from the others and is arranged with respect to the terminals (5) so as to be in contact with them before heating of the part (8) deformable by heat, and to be removed from at least one of them during heating of the part (8). 8. Coupe-circuit thermique conforme à la revendication 7, caractérisé en ce que le ressort (6) est sensiblement tronconique en position de repos.8. Thermal circuit breaker according to claim 7, characterized in that the spring (6) is substantially frustoconical in the rest position. 9. Coupe-circuit thermique conforme à l'une des revendications 1 à 6, caractérisé en ce que l'élément mobile conducteur est une plaque métallique (6) disposée en regard des bornes (5) et en ce que des ressorts (9, 10) agissent sur la plaque (6) selon des directions antagonistes.9. Thermal circuit breaker according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the movable conductive element is a metal plate (6) disposed opposite the terminals (5) and in that springs (9, 10) act on the plate (6) in opposing directions. 10. Coupe-circuit thermique conforme à la revendication 9, caractérisé en ce que la plaque métallique (6) est supportée par l'organe mobile (7) et en ce que les ressorts antagonistes agissent l'un (9) sur la plaque métallique (6) et l'autre (10) sur l'organe mobile.10. Thermal circuit breaker according to claim 9, characterized in that the metal plate (6) is supported by the movable member (7) and in that the opposing springs act one (9) on the metal plate (6) and the other (10) on the movable member.
EP86401127A 1985-06-14 1986-05-28 Thermal circuit interrupter Withdrawn EP0206868A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR8509030A FR2583568A1 (en) 1985-06-14 1985-06-14 THERMAL CIRCUIT BREAKER.
FR8509030 1985-06-14

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EP0206868A1 true EP0206868A1 (en) 1986-12-30

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EP86401127A Withdrawn EP0206868A1 (en) 1985-06-14 1986-05-28 Thermal circuit interrupter

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US (1) US4673909A (en)
EP (1) EP0206868A1 (en)
JP (1) JPS61288334A (en)
CA (1) CA1247173A (en)
ES (1) ES8708092A1 (en)
FR (1) FR2583568A1 (en)

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WO1995022159A1 (en) * 1994-02-10 1995-08-17 Inter Control Hermann Köhler Elektrik GmbH & Co. KG Thermal cut-off

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JP2993933B1 (en) * 1998-06-23 1999-12-27 東洋システム株式会社 Conductive contact pin with thermal fuse function
US5982270A (en) * 1998-12-03 1999-11-09 Shop Vac Corporation Thermal fuse
JP4499680B2 (en) * 2005-03-30 2010-07-07 三星エスディアイ株式会社 Cylindrical lithium ion secondary battery
KR100696783B1 (en) * 2005-05-03 2007-03-19 삼성에스디아이 주식회사 Cylinderical Lithium Rechargeable Battery
DE102005060965B4 (en) * 2005-06-28 2007-08-16 Inter Control Hermann Köhler Elektrik GmbH & Co. KG Thermal fuse with process for its preparation
DE102006040661A1 (en) * 2006-08-30 2008-03-13 Robert Bosch Gmbh Current overload protection of a brush apparatus

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GB2005477A (en) * 1977-10-08 1979-04-19 Nifco Inc Resettable thermal cut-off fuse
FR2428908A1 (en) * 1978-06-15 1980-01-11 Inter Control Koehler Hermann THERMAL CIRCUIT BREAKER WITH FUSE MATERIAL
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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
US4673909A (en) 1987-06-16
ES8708092A1 (en) 1987-09-01
JPS61288334A (en) 1986-12-18
CA1247173A (en) 1988-12-20
ES556021A0 (en) 1987-09-01
FR2583568A1 (en) 1986-12-19

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