EP0174904B1 - Contact device for a low voltage circuit breaker with a two-armed contact lever - Google Patents

Contact device for a low voltage circuit breaker with a two-armed contact lever Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0174904B1
EP0174904B1 EP85730104A EP85730104A EP0174904B1 EP 0174904 B1 EP0174904 B1 EP 0174904B1 EP 85730104 A EP85730104 A EP 85730104A EP 85730104 A EP85730104 A EP 85730104A EP 0174904 B1 EP0174904 B1 EP 0174904B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
contact
lever
contact lever
arrangement according
bearing pin
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
EP85730104A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0174904A1 (en
Inventor
Bernhard Dipl.-Ing. Preuss
Karl-Heinz Ing. Grad. Manthe
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Siemens AG
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Siemens AG
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Siemens AG filed Critical Siemens AG
Publication of EP0174904A1 publication Critical patent/EP0174904A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0174904B1 publication Critical patent/EP0174904B1/en
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H1/00—Contacts
    • H01H1/12—Contacts characterised by the manner in which co-operating contacts engage
    • H01H1/14—Contacts characterised by the manner in which co-operating contacts engage by abutting
    • H01H1/32—Self-aligning contacts
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H1/00—Contacts
    • H01H1/12—Contacts characterised by the manner in which co-operating contacts engage
    • H01H1/14—Contacts characterised by the manner in which co-operating contacts engage by abutting
    • H01H1/20—Bridging contacts
    • H01H1/2041—Rotating bridge
    • H01H1/205—Details concerning the elastic mounting of the rotating bridge in the rotor
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H73/00—Protective overload circuit-breaking switches in which excess current opens the contacts by automatic release of mechanical energy stored by previous operation of a hand reset mechanism
    • H01H73/02—Details
    • H01H73/04—Contacts
    • H01H73/045—Bridging contacts
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H1/00—Contacts
    • H01H1/12—Contacts characterised by the manner in which co-operating contacts engage
    • H01H1/14—Contacts characterised by the manner in which co-operating contacts engage by abutting
    • H01H1/22—Contacts characterised by the manner in which co-operating contacts engage by abutting with rigid pivoted member carrying the moving contact
    • H01H1/221—Contacts characterised by the manner in which co-operating contacts engage by abutting with rigid pivoted member carrying the moving contact and a contact pressure spring acting between the pivoted member and a supporting member
    • H01H2001/223—Contacts characterised by the manner in which co-operating contacts engage by abutting with rigid pivoted member carrying the moving contact and a contact pressure spring acting between the pivoted member and a supporting member using a torsion spring

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a contact arrangement for low-voltage circuit breakers, in particular current-limiting circuit breakers, with a two-armed contact lever which can be moved about a central bearing, which is provided at its ends on opposite sides of a longitudinal axis crossing the axis of rotation, each with a switching element and the lever arms of which are each assigned a contact force spring is.
  • a contact arrangement of this type has become known from DE-OS 21 57 927.
  • such a contact arrangement has the advantage that no flexible current band is required in the current path of the switch, because the two-armed contact lever connects two fixed counter switching elements to one another in a bridge-like manner. When switching, two disconnection points connected in series are thus created.
  • the prerequisites for a high switching capacity are met.
  • the invention has for its object to improve the storage, the drive and the generation of the contact force of a rotary contact system.
  • the bearing pin is fixedly connected to the shift lever or is arranged independently of it, because the contact lever has the possibility of alignment in both cases.
  • the contact levers are arranged in switching chambers arranged parallel to one another, however, it is advantageous to provide a common fixed bearing pin and to arrange the elongated holes on the contact levers.
  • the contact lever can be provided with two stop surfaces arranged symmetrically to its center and there can be two drivers. This results in a symmetrical application of force.
  • An effective current limitation can be achieved in that the driver is or are arranged in relation to the contact lever with a freewheel in such a way that the contact lever can move into an open position when the driver or drivers are in the unchanged position.
  • the opening position can correspond to the normal switch-off position or even a larger opening angle if a high current limitation is sought. It is advantageous that the rotation of the contact lever can take place independently of the drive parts only against the action of the contact force spring.
  • the drivers can be part of a switching shaft rotatable about the bearing pin. A driving force can be introduced into this from a space lying next to the switching chamber and therefore easily separable from it. Furthermore, such a switching shaft is best suited to effect a common drive of the contact levers of a multi-pole switch.
  • the contact force springs can advantageously be designed as torsion springs enclosing the bearing pin, one leg of which is supported on a counter surface of the control shaft and the other leg of which is supported on the contact lever.
  • the contact force springs are relatively far away from the contact points in this arrangement, which reduces the risk that the properties of the contact force springs are adversely affected by the switching arcs.
  • the contact springs designed as torsion springs are accommodated in one pocket of a housing carrying the contact arrangement and that the wall parts of the pocket limit certain slots for the passage of legs of the contact lever.
  • the wall parts hereby form an additional protection of the contact force springs against impairment by switching arcs.
  • the contact lever is designed in the form of a circular arc near its center on the side of the switching pieces. This leaves the space between the contact lever and the tub at this point manure parts the same regardless of the angular position when switching, so that the arc gases occurring during switching find a high flow resistance. This not only protects the contact force springs, but also reduces stress on the bearing gaps of the selector shaft due to the arc gases and the gas passage to the adjacent phase. As a result, a relatively coarse tolerance can be provided on the bearings of the switch shaft between adjacent current paths of a switch, which makes it easier to produce a one-piece switch shaft for multi-pole switches.
  • Fig. 1 shows a contact arrangement according to the invention in a longitudinal section.
  • FIG. 2 is a partially sectioned top view of a three-pole switch with adjacent current paths corresponding to FIG. 1.
  • FIG. 3 A contact arrangement without current loops is shown in simplified form in FIG. 3.
  • the contact arrangement shown in FIG. 1 is arranged in a chamber of a housing 1.
  • This housing consists of an insulating material and can be made in one or more parts.
  • the housing 1 is shown in its outline in FIG. 1, the further components belonging to a low-voltage circuit breaker, such as a drive device, a switch lock, trigger and connecting devices, not being shown, since they are known per se and not in the present context need explanation. Only the main current path of a pole of a circuit breaker is shown, which extends from a first connecting bar 2 via a schematically indicated trip block 3 to a first fixed contact piece 4, from there via a rotatably mounted contact lever 5 to a further fixed contact piece 6 and a connecting bar 7 .
  • the contact lever 5 is provided at its opposite ends with a contact piece 10 and 11, respectively, which cooperate with the fixed contact pieces 4 and 6.
  • the switching pieces 10 and 11 of the contact lever 5 are arranged on opposite sides of the longitudinal axis 12 of the contact lever. By rotating the contact lever 5 counterclockwise, the switching pieces 10 and 11 can be separated from the fixed switching pieces 4 and 6 at the same time.
  • a bearing bolt 13 which is arranged in the housing 1 in a fixed manner or is made of insulating material, is used in connection with a central elongated hole 14 of the contact lever 5. While the dimension of the elongated hole 14 in the direction of the longitudinal axis 12 with a usual tolerance of the diameter of the bearing bolt 13 corresponds, the contact lever 5 can move transversely to its longitudinal axis 12 on the bearing pin 13 because the longitudinal axis 15 of the elongated hole 14 is also perpendicular to the longitudinal axis 12 of the contact lever.
  • the contact forces occurring between the switching pieces 4 and 10 or 6 and 11 are thus independent of the mounting of the contact lever 5 and are based only on the action of contact force springs 47 and 48, the arrangement of which will be explained with reference to FIG. 2.
  • the contact lever 5 has two stop surfaces 16 and 17 arranged opposite one another with respect to the bearing axis. These are provided for cooperation with drivers 20 and 21, which are part of a switching shaft 22 made of insulating material and rotatable about the bearing pin 13.
  • the stop surfaces 16 and 17 lie on the longitudinal axis 15 of the elongated hole 14. A displacement caused by the alignment of the contact lever 5 on the bearing pin 13 therefore has no influence on the interaction between the stop surfaces 16 and 17 and the drivers 20 and 21.
  • the drivers 20 and 21 are lifted from the stop surfaces 16 and 17, so that apart from a bearing friction between the bearing pin 13 and the elongated hole 14, only the contact force springs are effective.
  • the contact lever 5 can rotate under the influence of current forces in the unchanged position of the control shaft 22.
  • the central area of the contact lever 5 overlapped by the drivers 20 and 21 is also provided with circular sections 34 and 35. In a known manner can be ensured by a not shown latching that the contact lever 5 is held in its electrodynamically open position until the switching lock is released.
  • the housing 1 is divided in the area of the contact arrangement shown by wall parts in such a way that a first arc chamber 23 and a second arc chamber 24 and a central pocket 25 are formed.
  • the middle pocket 25 is provided for receiving the control shaft 22 and the contact force springs, as will be explained.
  • the wall parts of the pocket 25 delimit slots 27 and 28 for the passage of the legs 8 and 9 of the contact lever 5.
  • Parts 30 and 31 in the form of a circular arc are located near the center of the contact lever 5 with a small distance from edges 32 and 33 which define the slots 27 and limit 28. These points are located on the side of the legs 8 and 9 of the contact lever 5, which are on the side of the switching pieces 10 and 11.
  • the housing 1 is provided with adjacent rooms for receiving three parallel current paths according to FIG. 1.
  • the bearing pin 13 extends over all current paths as well as the control shaft 22, which is rotatable about the bearing pin 13.
  • the switching shaft is designed such that it encloses the partitions to form a labyrinth gap.
  • FIG. 2 shows that the slots 27 and 28 between the wall parts of the pockets 25 are dimensioned so that the contact lever can be rotated freely.
  • the slots are so wide that legs 45 and 46 of contact force springs 47 and 48 designed as torsion springs also have space next to the legs 8 and 9 of the contact levers 5.
  • the legs 45 and 46 can be shortened compared to the example shown, that they rest on the legs 8 and 9 within the pocket 25 in order to be able to adapt the width of the slots more closely to the thickness of the legs 8 and 9. This is shown in the area of the middle current path 43, where the narrower slots are designated 57 and 58.
  • the torsion springs 47 and 48 each have a further leg 50 and 51, which is supported on the control shaft 22. Due to the symmetrical arrangement of two contact force springs for each contact lever, one-sided stress is avoided and the contact forces are equal.
  • Fig. 2 is indicated schematically that the switching shaft 22 is connected at one end to a drive device having a switch lock 52 and a manual actuator 53 (Fig. 1). Furthermore, the switch lock 52 is connected to triggers, for which an overcurrent release 54, a short-circuit release 55 and an undervoltage release 56 are given as examples.
  • the low voltage circuit breaker described above operates with a high current limit. This property is based on the loop-shaped supply leads to the fixed contact pieces 4 and 6. This arrangement causes the legs 8 and 9 of the contact lever 5 to be spaced a short distance from the conductor rails carrying the contact pieces 4 and 6, so that high currents on the contact lever 5 exert a torque acting in the opening direction. Under the influence of this torque, the contact lever 5 assumes the position shown in broken lines in FIG. 1. In a known manner, this prevents the short-circuit current from reaching its full height. Immediately after the dynamic contact opening, the release of the switch lock 52 (FIG. 2) follows, since the short-circuit current also acts on the trigger 55.
  • the low-voltage circuit breaker described also has a current-limiting property if the power supply is not loop-shaped in the manner shown, because current-dependent contact-lifting forces also occur between the switching elements themselves and, as a result of the double-contact arrangement, these forces are stronger than with single-contact arrangements Effects come.
  • An example of this is shown in simplified form in FIG. 3.
  • the connecting rails shortened compared to FIG. 1 are designated there by 60 and 61.
  • the desired amount of current limitation can thus be influenced by the configuration of the power supply to the fixed contact pieces 4 and 6.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft eine Kontaktanordnung für Niederspannungs-Leistungsschalter, insbesondere strombegrenzende Leistungsschalter, mit einem zweiarmigen, um eine zentrale Lagerung bewegbaren Kontakthebel, der an seinen Enden auf gegenüberliegenden Seiten einer die Drehachse kreuzenden Längsachse mit je einem Schaltstück versehen ist und dessen Hebelarmen je eine Kontaktkraftfeder zugeordnet ist.The invention relates to a contact arrangement for low-voltage circuit breakers, in particular current-limiting circuit breakers, with a two-armed contact lever which can be moved about a central bearing, which is provided at its ends on opposite sides of a longitudinal axis crossing the axis of rotation, each with a switching element and the lever arms of which are each assigned a contact force spring is.

Eine Kontaktanordnung dieser Art ist durch die DE-OS 21 57 927 bekanntgeworden. Eine solche Kontaktanordnung hat im Prinzip den Vorteil, daß in der Strombahn des Schalters kein biegsames Stromband benötigt wird, weil der zweiarmige Kontakthebel zwei ortsfeste Gegenschaltstücke brückenartig miteinander verbindet. Beim Schalten werden somit zwei in Reihe geschaltete Trennstellen geschaffen. In Verbindung mit dem relativ geringen Energiebedarf einer Drehhebelanordnung liegen somit die Voraussetzungen für ein hohes Schaltvermögen vor.A contact arrangement of this type has become known from DE-OS 21 57 927. In principle, such a contact arrangement has the advantage that no flexible current band is required in the current path of the switch, because the two-armed contact lever connects two fixed counter switching elements to one another in a bridge-like manner. When switching, two disconnection points connected in series are thus created. In connection with the relatively low energy requirement of a rotary lever arrangement, the prerequisites for a high switching capacity are met.

Neben diesen Vorzügen bestehen jedoch beträchtliche mechanische Probleme. Insbesondere bereitet es Schwierigkeiten, die für eine dauerhafte ordnungsgemäße Funktion unbedingt erforderliche Gleichheit der Kontaktkräfte an den beiden Unterbrechungsstellen zu gewährleisten. Ferner bereiten die Unterbringung der Kontaktkraftfedern und die Einleitung der Antriebskraft in den Kontakthebel nicht geringe Schwierigkeiten.In addition to these advantages, however, there are considerable mechanical problems. In particular, it is difficult to ensure the equality of contact forces at the two interruption points, which is absolutely necessary for permanent correct functioning. Furthermore, the accommodation of the contact force springs and the introduction of the driving force into the contact lever are not without difficulties.

Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, die Lagerung den Antrieb und die Erzeugung der Kontaktkraft eines Drehkontaktsystems zu verbessern.The invention has for its object to improve the storage, the drive and the generation of the contact force of a rotary contact system.

Diese Aufgabe wird gemäß der Erfindung durch folgende Merkmale gelöst :

  • a) die Lagerung des Kontakthebels weist einen Lagerbolzen und ein den Lagerbolzen umschließendes Langloch auf, dessen Längsachse sich etwa rechtwinklig zu der Längsachse des Kontakthebels erstreckt und
  • b) der Kontakthebel besitzt wenigstens eine sich etwa rechtwinklig zu seiner Längsachse erstreckende Anschlagfläche für einen um die Drehachse bewegbaren und den Kontakthebel im Ausschaltsinn beaufschlagenden Mitnehmer. Das Langloch gestattet eine Ausrichtung des Kontakthebels derart, daß auf die Schaltstücke stets gleiche Kräfte wirken, unabhängig von einem im Betrieb unvermeidlichen Abbrand, der unterschiedlich stark sein kann. Diese Ausrichtung kann durch eine Antriebsvorrichtung des Kontakthebels nicht beeinträchtigt werden, weil die Lage der Anschlagfläche an dem Kontakthebel gleichfalls eine Ausrichtung gegenüber dem Mitnehmer gestattet.
This object is achieved according to the invention by the following features:
  • a) the bearing of the contact lever has a bearing pin and an elongated hole enclosing the bearing pin, the longitudinal axis of which extends approximately at right angles to the longitudinal axis of the contact lever and
  • b) the contact lever has at least one stop surface which extends approximately at right angles to its longitudinal axis for a driver which can be moved about the axis of rotation and acts on the contact lever in the opening direction. The elongated hole allows the contact lever to be oriented in such a way that the same forces always act on the contact pieces, irrespective of an erosion which is unavoidable during operation and which can vary in strength. This alignment cannot be impaired by a drive device of the contact lever, because the position of the stop surface on the contact lever also permits alignment with the driver.

Im Prinzip ist es gleichbedeutend ob der Lagerbolzen mit dem Schalthebel fest verbunden oder unabhängig von diesem ortsfest angeordnet ist, weil der Kontakthebel in beiden Fällen die Möglichkeit der Ausrichtung hat. Für mehrpolige Schaltgeräte, bei denen die Kontakthebel in parallel zueinander angeordneten Schaltkammern angeordnet sind, ist es jedoch vorteilhaft, einen gemeinsamen ortsfesten Lagerbolzen vorzusehen und die Langlöcher an den Kontakthebeln anzuordnen.In principle, it is synonymous whether the bearing pin is fixedly connected to the shift lever or is arranged independently of it, because the contact lever has the possibility of alignment in both cases. For multi-pole switching devices in which the contact levers are arranged in switching chambers arranged parallel to one another, however, it is advantageous to provide a common fixed bearing pin and to arrange the elongated holes on the contact levers.

Der Kontakthebel kann mit zwei symmetrisch zu seinem Zentrum angeordneten Anschlagflächen versehen sein und es können zwei Mitnehmer vorhanden sein. Hierdurch erreicht man einen symmetrischen Kraftangriff.The contact lever can be provided with two stop surfaces arranged symmetrically to its center and there can be two drivers. This results in a symmetrical application of force.

Eine wirksame Strombegrenzung ist dadurch zu erreichen, daß der Mitnehmer gegenüber dem Kontakthebel mit einem Freilauf derart angeordnet ist bzw. angeordnet sind, daß der Kontakthebei bei unveränderter Stellung des Mitnehmers bzw. der Mitnehmer in eine Öffnungsstellung gelangen kann. Die Öffnungsstellung kann der normalen Ausschaltstellung oder sogar einem größeren Öffnungswinkel entsprechen, wenn eine hohe Strombegrenzung angestrebt wird. Dabei ist es vorteilhaft, daß die Drehung des Kontakthebels unabhängig von Antriebsteilen nur gegen die Wirkung der Kontaktkraftfeder stattfinden kann.An effective current limitation can be achieved in that the driver is or are arranged in relation to the contact lever with a freewheel in such a way that the contact lever can move into an open position when the driver or drivers are in the unchanged position. The opening position can correspond to the normal switch-off position or even a larger opening angle if a high current limitation is sought. It is advantageous that the rotation of the contact lever can take place independently of the drive parts only against the action of the contact force spring.

Die Mitnehmer können Bestandteil einer um den Lagerbolzen drehbaren Schaltwelle sein. In diese läßt sich eine Antriebskraft aus einem neben der Schaltkammer liegenden und daher dieser gegenüber gut trennbaren Raum einleiten. Ferner ist eine solche Schaltwelle am besten geeignet, einen gemeinsamen Antrieb der Kontakthebel eines mehrpoligen Schalters zu bewirken. Die Kontaktkraftfedern können in vorteilhafter Weise als den Lagerbolzen umschließende Drehfedern ausgebildet sein, deren einer Schenkel sich an einer Gegenfläche der Schaltwelle und deren anderer Schenkel sich an dem Kontakthebel abstützt. Die Kontaktkraftfedern sind bei dieser Anordnung von den Kontaktstellen relativ weit entfernt, wodurch die Gefahr verringert ist, daß die Eigenschaften der Kontaktkraftfedern durch die Schaltlichtbögen beeinträchtigt werden.The drivers can be part of a switching shaft rotatable about the bearing pin. A driving force can be introduced into this from a space lying next to the switching chamber and therefore easily separable from it. Furthermore, such a switching shaft is best suited to effect a common drive of the contact levers of a multi-pole switch. The contact force springs can advantageously be designed as torsion springs enclosing the bearing pin, one leg of which is supported on a counter surface of the control shaft and the other leg of which is supported on the contact lever. The contact force springs are relatively far away from the contact points in this arrangement, which reduces the risk that the properties of the contact force springs are adversely affected by the switching arcs.

. Es empfiehlt sich, die als Drehfedern ausgebildeten Kontaktkraftfedern beidseitig des Kontakthebels anzuordnen und zwar derart, daß sie in je einer Tasche eines die Kontaktanordnung tragenden Gehäuses aufgenommen sind und daß die Wandungsteile der Tasche zum Durchtritt von Schenkeln des Kontakthebels bestimmte Schlitze begrenzen. Die Wandungsteile bilden hierdurch einen zusätzlichen Schutz der Kontaktkraftfedern gegen eine Beeinträchtigung durch Schaltlichtbögen.. It is advisable to arrange the contact springs designed as torsion springs on both sides of the contact lever in such a way that they are accommodated in one pocket of a housing carrying the contact arrangement and that the wall parts of the pocket limit certain slots for the passage of legs of the contact lever. The wall parts hereby form an additional protection of the contact force springs against impairment by switching arcs.

Den bestmöglichen Schutz der Kontaktkraftfedern in dieser Hinsicht kann man dadurch erreichen, daß die Drehfedern mit ihrem einen Ende an innerhalb der Tasche liegenden Abschnitten des Kontakthebels angreifen.The best possible protection of the contact force springs in this regard can be achieved by the fact that the torsion springs engage with one end on sections of the contact lever located within the pocket.

Ferner wirkt es sich vorteilhaft aus, wenn der Kontakthebel nahe seinem Zentrum auf der Seite der Schaltstücke kreisbogenförmig ausgebildet ist. Dadurch bleibt an dieser Stelle der Zwischenraum zwischen dem Kontakthebel und den Wandungsteilen unabhängig von der Winkelstellung beim Schalten gleich, so daß die beim Schalten auftretenden Lichtbogengase einen hohen Strömungswiderstand vorfinden. Dies schützt nicht nur zusätzlich die Kontaktkraftfedern, sondern vermindert auch eine Beanspruchung der Lagerspalte der Schaltwelle durch die Lichtbogengase und den Gasdurchtritt zur benachbarten Phase. An den Lagerungen der Schaltwelle zwischen benachbarten Strombahnen eines Schalters kann infolgedessen eine verhältnismäßig grobe Toleranz vorgesehen werden, was es erleichtert, für mehrpolige Schalter eine einstückige Schaltwelle herzustellen.Furthermore, it has an advantageous effect if the contact lever is designed in the form of a circular arc near its center on the side of the switching pieces. This leaves the space between the contact lever and the tub at this point manure parts the same regardless of the angular position when switching, so that the arc gases occurring during switching find a high flow resistance. This not only protects the contact force springs, but also reduces stress on the bearing gaps of the selector shaft due to the arc gases and the gas passage to the adjacent phase. As a result, a relatively coarse tolerance can be provided on the bearings of the switch shaft between adjacent current paths of a switch, which makes it easier to produce a one-piece switch shaft for multi-pole switches.

Die Erfindung wird im folgenden anhand des in den Figuren dargestellten Ausführungsbeispieles näher erläutert.The invention is explained below with reference to the embodiment shown in the figures.

Die Fig. 1 zeigt eine Kontaktanordnung nach der Erfindung in einem Längsschnitt.Fig. 1 shows a contact arrangement according to the invention in a longitudinal section.

Die Fig. 2 ist eine teilweise geschnittene Draufsicht auf einen dreipoligen Schalter mit nebeneinander angeordneten Strombahnen entsprechend der Fig. 1.FIG. 2 is a partially sectioned top view of a three-pole switch with adjacent current paths corresponding to FIG. 1.

In der Fig. 3 ist vereinfacht eine Kontaktanordnung ohne Stromschleifen dargestellt.A contact arrangement without current loops is shown in simplified form in FIG. 3.

Die in der Fig. 1 gezeigte Kontaktanordnung ist in einer Kammer eines Gehäuses 1 angeordnet. Dieses Gehäuse besteht aus einem Isolierstoff und kann ein- oder mehrteilig ausgebildet sein. Das Gehäuse 1 ist in der Fig. 1 in seinen Umrissen dargestellt, wobei die weiteren, zu einem Niederspannungs-Leistungsschalter gehörenden Komponenten wie eine Antriebsvorrichtung, ein Schaltschloß, Auslöser und Anschlußvorrichtungen nicht dargestellt sind, da sie an sich bekannt sind und im vorliegenden Zusammenhang nicht der Erläuterung bedürfen. Es ist lediglich die Hauptstrombahn eines Poles eines Leistungsschalters dargestellt, die sich von einer ersten Anschlußschiene 2 über einen schematisch angedeuteten Auslöseblock 3 zu einem ersten feststehenden Schaltstück 4, von dort über einen drehbar gelagerten Kontakthebel 5 zu einem weiteren feststehenden Schaltstück 6 und einer Anschlußschiene 7 erstreckt. Der Kontakthebel 5 ist an seinen gegenüberliegenden Enden mit je einem Schaltstück 10 bzw. 11 versehen, die mit den feststehenden Schaltstücken 4 und 6 zusammenwirken. Die Schaltstücke 10 und 11 des Kontakthebels 5 sind auf gegenüberliegenden Seiten der Längsachse 12 des Kontakthebels angeordnet. Durch eine Drehung des Kontakthebels 5 entgegen dem Uhrzeigersinn sind somit die Schaltstücke 10 und 11 gleichzeitig von den ortsfesten Schaltstücken 4 und 6 zu trennen.The contact arrangement shown in FIG. 1 is arranged in a chamber of a housing 1. This housing consists of an insulating material and can be made in one or more parts. The housing 1 is shown in its outline in FIG. 1, the further components belonging to a low-voltage circuit breaker, such as a drive device, a switch lock, trigger and connecting devices, not being shown, since they are known per se and not in the present context need explanation. Only the main current path of a pole of a circuit breaker is shown, which extends from a first connecting bar 2 via a schematically indicated trip block 3 to a first fixed contact piece 4, from there via a rotatably mounted contact lever 5 to a further fixed contact piece 6 and a connecting bar 7 . The contact lever 5 is provided at its opposite ends with a contact piece 10 and 11, respectively, which cooperate with the fixed contact pieces 4 and 6. The switching pieces 10 and 11 of the contact lever 5 are arranged on opposite sides of the longitudinal axis 12 of the contact lever. By rotating the contact lever 5 counterclockwise, the switching pieces 10 and 11 can be separated from the fixed switching pieces 4 and 6 at the same time.

Zur Lagerung des Kontakthebels 5 dient ein ortsfest in dem Gehäuse 1 angeordneter isolierter oder aus Isolierstoff bestehender Lagerbolzen 13 in Verbindung mit einem zentralen Langloch 14 des Kontakthebels 5. Während die Abmessung des Langloches 14 in Richtung der Längsachse 12 mit einer üblichen Toleranz dem Durchmesser des Lagerbolzens 13 entspricht, kann sich der Kontakthebel 5 quer zu seiner Längsachse 12 auf dem Lagerbolzen 13 verschieben, weil die Längsachse 15 des Langloches 14 gleichfalls rechtwinklig zu der Längsachse 12 des Kontakthebels verläuft. Die zwischen den Schaltstücken 4 und 10 bzw. 6 und 11 auftretenden Kontaktkräfte sind somit unabhängig von der Lagerung des Kontakthebels 5 und beruhen nur auf der Wirkung von Kontaktkraftfedern 47 und 48, deren Anordnung anhand der Figur 2 noch erläutert wird.To support the contact lever 5, a bearing bolt 13, which is arranged in the housing 1 in a fixed manner or is made of insulating material, is used in connection with a central elongated hole 14 of the contact lever 5. While the dimension of the elongated hole 14 in the direction of the longitudinal axis 12 with a usual tolerance of the diameter of the bearing bolt 13 corresponds, the contact lever 5 can move transversely to its longitudinal axis 12 on the bearing pin 13 because the longitudinal axis 15 of the elongated hole 14 is also perpendicular to the longitudinal axis 12 of the contact lever. The contact forces occurring between the switching pieces 4 and 10 or 6 and 11 are thus independent of the mounting of the contact lever 5 and are based only on the action of contact force springs 47 and 48, the arrangement of which will be explained with reference to FIG. 2.

Ferner zeigt die Fig. 1, daß der Kontakthebel 5 zwei bezüglich der Lagerachse gegenüberliegend angeordnete Anschlagflächen 16 und 17 besitzt. Diese sind für ein Zusammenwirken mit Mitnehmern 20 und 21 vorgesehen, die Bestandteil einer um den Lagerbolzen 13 drehbaren Schaltwelle 22 aus Isolierstoff sind. Die Anschlagflächen 16 und 17 liegen auf der Längsachse 15 des Langloches 14. Eine durch die Ausrichtung des Kontakthebels 5 auf dem Lagerbolzen 13 hervorgerufene Verschiebung ist daher ohne Einfluß auf das Zusammenwirken zwischen den Anschlagflächen 16 und 17 sowie den Mitnehmern 20 und 21. In der dargestellten Einschaltstellung sind die Mitnehmer 20 und 21 von den Anschlagflächen 16 und 17 abgehoben, so daß abgesehen von einer Lagerreibung zwischen dem Lagerbolzen 13 und dem Langloch 14 nur die Kontaktkraftfedern wirksam sind.1 shows that the contact lever 5 has two stop surfaces 16 and 17 arranged opposite one another with respect to the bearing axis. These are provided for cooperation with drivers 20 and 21, which are part of a switching shaft 22 made of insulating material and rotatable about the bearing pin 13. The stop surfaces 16 and 17 lie on the longitudinal axis 15 of the elongated hole 14. A displacement caused by the alignment of the contact lever 5 on the bearing pin 13 therefore has no influence on the interaction between the stop surfaces 16 and 17 and the drivers 20 and 21. In the illustrated In the switched-on position, the drivers 20 and 21 are lifted from the stop surfaces 16 and 17, so that apart from a bearing friction between the bearing pin 13 and the elongated hole 14, only the contact force springs are effective.

Zwischen dem Mitnehmer 20 und dem Schenkel 8 sowie zwischen dem Mitnehmer 21 und dem Schenkel 9 besteht zur Schaffung eines Freilaufes ein solcher Abstand, daß sich der Kontakthebel 5 unter dem Einfluß von Stromkräften bei unveränderter Stellung der Schaltwelle 22 drehen kann. Hierzu ist der von den Mitnehmern 20 und 21 übergriffene zentrale Bereich des Kontakthebels 5 mit ebenfalls kreisförmigen Abschnitten 34 und 35 versehen. In bekannter Weise kann durch eine nicht dargestellte Rastung dafür gesorgt sein, daß der Kontakthebel 5 in seiner elektrodynamisch geöffneten Stellung bis zur Freigabe des Schaltschlosses festgehalten wird.Between the driver 20 and the leg 8 and between the driver 21 and the leg 9 there is such a distance to create a freewheel that the contact lever 5 can rotate under the influence of current forces in the unchanged position of the control shaft 22. For this purpose, the central area of the contact lever 5 overlapped by the drivers 20 and 21 is also provided with circular sections 34 and 35. In a known manner can be ensured by a not shown latching that the contact lever 5 is held in its electrodynamically open position until the switching lock is released.

Das Gehäuse 1 ist im Bereich der dargestellten Kontaktanordnung durch Wandungsteile derart unterteilt, daß eine erste Lichtbogenkammer 23 und eine zweite Lichtbogenkammer 24 sowie eine mittlere Tasche 25 gebildet werden. In den Lichtbogenkammern befinden sich übliche Löschblechanordnungen 26. Die mittlere Tasche 25 ist zur Aufnahme der Schaltwelle 22 und der Kontaktkraftfedern vorgesehen wie noch erläutert wird. Die Wandungsteile der Tasche 25 begrenzen zum Durchtritt der Schenkel 8 und 9 des Kontakthebels 5 bestimmte Schlitze 27 und 28. Dabei stehen kreisbogenförmig ausgebildete Teile 30 und 31 nahe dem Zentrum des Kontakthebels 5 mit einem geringen Abstand Kanten 32 und 33 gegenüber, welche die Schlitze 27 und 28 begrenzen. Diese Stellen befinden sich jeweils auf der Seite der Schenkel 8 und 9 des Kontakthebels 5, die auf der Seite der Schaltstücke 10 und 11 liegen. Auf diese Weise wird in jeder Winkelstellung des Kontakthebels 5 eine gute Abdichtung des Entstehungsbereiches der Schaltlichtbögen gegenüber der Tasche 25 erzielt. Das Eindringen von Schaltgasen in die Tasche 25 ist hierdurch behindert. Wie die Fig. 2 zeigt, ist das Gehäuse 1 mit nebeneinander angeordneten Räumen zur Aufnahme von drei parallelen Strombahnen entsprechend der Fig. 1 versehen. Der Lagerbolzen 13 erstreckt sich über sämtliche Strombahnen ebenso wie die Schaltwelle 22, die um den Lagerbolzen 13 drehbar ist. Im Bereich von Trennwänden 40 und 41 zwischen den benachbarten Strombahnen 42, 43 und 44 ist die Schaltwelle derart ausgebildet, daß sie die Trennwände unter Bildung eines Labyrinthspaltes umschließt. Von einer sehr engen Dimensionierung des Spaltes kann jedoch abgesehen werden, weil die Beaufschlagung der Taschen 25 durch Lichtbogengase verhältnismäßig gering ist, worauf bereits hingewiesen wurde. In diesem Zusammenhang zeigt die Fig. 2, daß die Schlitze 27 und 28 zwischen den Wandungsteilen der Taschen 25 so bemessen sind, daß die Kontakthebel ungehindert gedreht werden können. Die Schlitze sind so breit, daß auch Schenkel 45 und 46 von als Drehfedern ausgebildeten Kontaktkraftfedern 47 und 48 neben den Schenkeln 8 und 9 der Kontakthebel 5 Platz finden. Die Schenkel 45 und 46 können jedoch gegenüber dem dargestellten Beispiel soweit verkürzt sein, daß sie an den Schenkeln 8 und 9 noch innerhalb der Tasche 25 anliegen, um die Breite der Schlitze enger an die Dicke der Schenkel 8 und 9 anpassen zu können. Dies ist im Bereich der mittleren Strombahn 43 dargestellt, wo die schmaleren Schlitze mit 57 und 58 bezeichnet sind.The housing 1 is divided in the area of the contact arrangement shown by wall parts in such a way that a first arc chamber 23 and a second arc chamber 24 and a central pocket 25 are formed. In the arc chambers there are customary extinguishing plate arrangements 26. The middle pocket 25 is provided for receiving the control shaft 22 and the contact force springs, as will be explained. The wall parts of the pocket 25 delimit slots 27 and 28 for the passage of the legs 8 and 9 of the contact lever 5. Parts 30 and 31 in the form of a circular arc are located near the center of the contact lever 5 with a small distance from edges 32 and 33 which define the slots 27 and limit 28. These points are located on the side of the legs 8 and 9 of the contact lever 5, which are on the side of the switching pieces 10 and 11. In this way, a good seal of the area of origin of the switching arcs with respect to the pocket 25 is achieved in every angular position of the contact lever 5. The penetration of switching gases into the pocket 25 is hindered thereby. As shown in FIG. 2, the housing 1 is provided with adjacent rooms for receiving three parallel current paths according to FIG. 1. The bearing pin 13 extends over all current paths as well as the control shaft 22, which is rotatable about the bearing pin 13. In the area of partitions 40 and 41 between the adjacent current paths 42, 43 and 44, the switching shaft is designed such that it encloses the partitions to form a labyrinth gap. A very narrow dimensioning of the gap can, however, be dispensed with because the exposure of the pockets 25 to arcing gases is relatively low, as has already been pointed out. In this connection, Fig. 2 shows that the slots 27 and 28 between the wall parts of the pockets 25 are dimensioned so that the contact lever can be rotated freely. The slots are so wide that legs 45 and 46 of contact force springs 47 and 48 designed as torsion springs also have space next to the legs 8 and 9 of the contact levers 5. The legs 45 and 46 can be shortened compared to the example shown, that they rest on the legs 8 and 9 within the pocket 25 in order to be able to adapt the width of the slots more closely to the thickness of the legs 8 and 9. This is shown in the area of the middle current path 43, where the narrower slots are designated 57 and 58.

Die Drehfedern 47 und 48 besitzen jeweils einen weiteren Schenkel 50 bzw. 51, der sich an der Schaltwelle 22 abstützt. Durch die symmetrische Anordnung von zwei Kontaktkraftfedern für jeden Kontakthebel wird eine einseitige Beanspruchung vermieden und die Gleichheit der Kontaktkräfte gewährleistet.The torsion springs 47 and 48 each have a further leg 50 and 51, which is supported on the control shaft 22. Due to the symmetrical arrangement of two contact force springs for each contact lever, one-sided stress is avoided and the contact forces are equal.

In der Fig. 2 ist schematisch angedeutet, daß die Schaltwelle 22 an ihrem einen Ende mit einer Antriebsvorrichtung in Verbindung steht, die ein Schaltschloß 52 und ein Handbetätigungsglied 53 (Fig. 1) aufweist. Ferner steht das Schaltschloß 52 mit Auslösern in Verbindung, für die als Beispiele ein Überstromauslöser 54, ein Kurzschlußauslöser 55 und ein Unterspannungsauslöser 56 angegeben sind.In Fig. 2 is indicated schematically that the switching shaft 22 is connected at one end to a drive device having a switch lock 52 and a manual actuator 53 (Fig. 1). Furthermore, the switch lock 52 is connected to triggers, for which an overcurrent release 54, a short-circuit release 55 and an undervoltage release 56 are given as examples.

Der vorstehend beschriebene Niederspannungs-Leistungsschalter arbeitet mit hoher Strombegrenzung. Diese Eigenschaft beruht auf den schleifenförmig ausgebildeten Stromzuführungen zu den feststehenden Schaltstücken 4 und 6. Diese Anordnung bewirkt, daß die Schenkel 8 und 9 des Kontakthebels 5 mit geringem Abstand den die Schaltstücke 4 und 6 tragenden Stromschienen gegenüberstehen, so daß hohe Ströme auf den Kontakthebel 5 ein in Öffnungsrichtung wirkendes Drehmoment ausüben. Unter dem Einfluß dieses Drehmomentes nimmt der Kontakthebel 5 die in der Fig. 1 gestrichelt eingezeichnete Stellung ein. In bekannter Weise wird hierdurch vermieden, daß der Kurzschlußstrom seine volle Höhe erreichen kann. Unmittelbar auf die dynamische Kontaktöffnung folgt die Entklinkung des Schaltschlosses 52 (Fig. 2), da der Kurzschlußstrom auch den Auslöser 55 beaufschlagt.The low voltage circuit breaker described above operates with a high current limit. This property is based on the loop-shaped supply leads to the fixed contact pieces 4 and 6. This arrangement causes the legs 8 and 9 of the contact lever 5 to be spaced a short distance from the conductor rails carrying the contact pieces 4 and 6, so that high currents on the contact lever 5 exert a torque acting in the opening direction. Under the influence of this torque, the contact lever 5 assumes the position shown in broken lines in FIG. 1. In a known manner, this prevents the short-circuit current from reaching its full height. Immediately after the dynamic contact opening, the release of the switch lock 52 (FIG. 2) follows, since the short-circuit current also acts on the trigger 55.

Es ist darauf hinzuweisen, daß der beschriebene Niederspannungs-Leistungsschalter auch dann eine strombegrenzende Eigenschaft aufweist, wenn die Stromzuführung nicht in der dargestellten Weise schleifenförmig ausgebildet ist, weil auch zwischen den Schaltstücken selbst stromabhängige kontaktabhebende Kräfte auftreten und diese infolge der Doppelkontaktanordnung stärker als bei Einfachkontaktanordnungen zur Wirkungen kommen. Ein Beispiel hierfür zeigt vereinfacht die Fig. 3. Die gegenüber der Fig. 1 verkürzten Anschlußschienen sind dort mit 60 und 61 bezeichnet. Durch die Ausgestaltung der Stromzuführung zu den feststehenden Schaltstücken 4 und 6 läßt sich somit das gewünschte Maß der Strombegrenzung beeinflussen.It should be noted that the low-voltage circuit breaker described also has a current-limiting property if the power supply is not loop-shaped in the manner shown, because current-dependent contact-lifting forces also occur between the switching elements themselves and, as a result of the double-contact arrangement, these forces are stronger than with single-contact arrangements Effects come. An example of this is shown in simplified form in FIG. 3. The connecting rails shortened compared to FIG. 1 are designated there by 60 and 61. The desired amount of current limitation can thus be influenced by the configuration of the power supply to the fixed contact pieces 4 and 6.

Claims (9)

1. Contact arrangement for low-voltage circuit- breakers, in particular current-limiting circuit- breakers, with a two-armed contact lever (5) which can be moved around a central bearing (13, 14) and is provided, at its ends on opposite sides of a longitudinal axis (12) crossing the rotational axis of the bearing, with in each case a contact piece (10, 11), a contact force spring (47, 48) being associated with each of the lever arms (8, 9), characterised by the following features :
a) the bearing of the contact lever (5) has a bearing pin (13) and an elongated hole (14) which surrounds the bearing pin and has a longitudinal axis (15) which extends approximately at right angles to the longitudinal axis (12) of-the contact lever and
b) the contact lever (5) has at least one stop face (16), extending approximately at right angles to its longitudinal axis (12), for a catch (20) which can be moved around the rotational axis and acts upon the contact lever in the switching off sense.
2. Contact arrangement according to claim 1, characterised in that the bearing pin (13) is fixed and the elongated hole (14) is arranged on the contact lever (5).
3. Contact arrangement according to claim 1, characterised in that the contact lever (5) has two stop faces (16, 17) arranged symmetrically with respect to its centre, and in that two catches (20, 21) are present.
4. Contact arrangement according to claim 1 or 3, characterised in that the catch (20) or the catches (20, 21) is or are arranged in relation to the contact lever (5) with a free run such that the contact lever (5) can pass into a break position with the position of the catch (20) or catches (20, 21) unchanged.
5. Contact arrangement according to claim 1 or 3, characterised in that the catches (20, 21) are a component of a breaker shaft (22) which can be rotated around the bearing pin (13).
6. Contact arrangement according to claim 1, characterised in that the contact force springs are constructed as torsion springs (47, 48) surrounding the bearing pin (13), one arm (51) resting against a countersurface on the breaker shaft (22) and the other arm (45) resting on the contact lever (5).
7. Contact arrangement according to claim 6, characterised in that the two torsion springs (47, 48) are accommodated on both sides of the contact lever (5) and in a pocket (25) of a housing (1) carrying the contact arrangement, and in that the wall parts of the pocket (25) form the limit to slots (27, 28) for passage of the arms (8, 9) of the contact lever (5).
8. Contact arrangement according to claim 7, characterised in that the torsion springs (47, 48) act with one of their ends on sections of the contact lever (5) lying within the pocket (25).
9. Contact arrangement according to claim 7, characterised in that the contact lever (5) has near its centre, on the side thereof at which the contact pieces (10, 11) are disposed, sections (30, 31) in the form of an arc of a circle.
EP85730104A 1984-08-23 1985-08-07 Contact device for a low voltage circuit breaker with a two-armed contact lever Expired EP0174904B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE3431288 1984-08-23
DE19843431288 DE3431288A1 (en) 1984-08-23 1984-08-23 CONTACT ARRANGEMENT FOR LOW VOLTAGE CIRCUIT BREAKERS WITH A TWO-ARM CONTACT LEVER

Publications (2)

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EP0174904A1 EP0174904A1 (en) 1986-03-19
EP0174904B1 true EP0174904B1 (en) 1988-05-04

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EP85730104A Expired EP0174904B1 (en) 1984-08-23 1985-08-07 Contact device for a low voltage circuit breaker with a two-armed contact lever

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US (1) US4649247A (en)
EP (1) EP0174904B1 (en)
JP (1) JPH0610947B2 (en)
CA (1) CA1258283A (en)
DE (2) DE3431288A1 (en)
MX (1) MX160683A (en)

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JPS6161319A (en) 1986-03-29
CA1258283A (en) 1989-08-08
US4649247A (en) 1987-03-10
DE3562537D1 (en) 1988-06-09
DE3431288A1 (en) 1986-03-06
MX160683A (en) 1990-04-09
JPH0610947B2 (en) 1994-02-09
EP0174904A1 (en) 1986-03-19

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