EP0173804A1 - Gas-blast switch - Google Patents

Gas-blast switch Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0173804A1
EP0173804A1 EP85107283A EP85107283A EP0173804A1 EP 0173804 A1 EP0173804 A1 EP 0173804A1 EP 85107283 A EP85107283 A EP 85107283A EP 85107283 A EP85107283 A EP 85107283A EP 0173804 A1 EP0173804 A1 EP 0173804A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
housing
contact piece
contact
contact pieces
axis
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP85107283A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0173804B1 (en
Inventor
Jürg Ischi
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BBC Brown Boveri AG Switzerland
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BBC Brown Boveri AG Switzerland
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Publication of EP0173804A1 publication Critical patent/EP0173804A1/en
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H33/00—High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
    • H01H33/02—Details
    • H01H33/025—Terminal arrangements
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H33/00—High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
    • H01H33/70—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid
    • H01H33/98—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid the flow of arc-extinguishing fluid being initiated by an auxiliary arc or a section of the arc, without any moving parts for producing or increasing the flow
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H9/00—Details of switching devices, not covered by groups H01H1/00 - H01H7/00
    • H01H9/30—Means for extinguishing or preventing arc between current-carrying parts
    • H01H9/44—Means for extinguishing or preventing arc between current-carrying parts using blow-out magnet

Definitions

  • the invention starts with a compressed gas switch according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • the invention relates to a prior art as described in US Pat. No. 4,139,752, in particular FIGS. 1 to 5.
  • This switch is used to extinguish an arc drawn between the contact pieces during a switching process by insulating gas, which is heated by the arc and stored in a heating volume surrounding the contact pieces.
  • additional devices for generating an extinguishing gas flow can be dispensed with and the drive of the switch can be kept small.
  • this switch cannot easily be installed in every switching position.
  • the compressed gas switch according to the invention is characterized in that, because of its small overall length in the direction of the contact piece axis, it can be installed in switchgear in such a way that the path of the current to be switched off runs transversely to the contact piece axis. This makes it possible to design the switchgear to be particularly space-saving. In addition, such a switch can be easily installed, since its contact system can be produced independently of its housing and can be attached by simply plugging it onto a fixed contact located in the housing.
  • Fig. 1 denotes an with an insulating gas such as sulfur hexafluoride of, for example, 4 bar pressure, filled, cylindrical housing.
  • an insulating gas such as sulfur hexafluoride of, for example, 4 bar pressure
  • bushings 2 and 3 are provided, through which a power connection 4 and 5 for a movable, fully cylindrical contact piece 6 and a fixed, highly cylindrical contact piece 7 are guided into the interior of the housing 1.
  • the power connection 2 is electrically conductively connected to the contact piece 6, which is movable in the direction of an axis shown in dash-dotted lines, by means of a sliding contact, which is not shown and is designed, for example, as a multi-lamella contact.
  • the movable contact piece 6, like the fixed contact piece 7, is designed to be erosion-resistant. Both contact pieces can be designed for the transmission of nominal current, however, when transmitting large nominal currents, it is advantageous to provide the movable contact piece 6 with a nominal current contact 8 shown in dotted lines in FIG. 1, which is connected to a fixed contact piece 7 and at the power connection 5 attached (also shown dotted) nominal current contact 9 cooperates.
  • This forms a nominal current path which now runs parallel to the contact pieces 6 and 7, which now only act as erosion contacts, and which runs outside a heating volume 10, which consists of a body 11, which is arranged coaxially with the contact pieces 6 and 7, and is made of a pressure-resistant and erosion-resistant insulating material, such as glass-fiber reinforced material Plastic that is surrounded.
  • the contact piece 7 does not necessarily have to be hollow cylindrical. Rather, it is also possible for it to be of fully cylindrical design and to close off the heating volume 10.
  • the movable contact piece 6 can be designed as a hollow cylinder.
  • the insulating material body 11 has a lower opening, into which the movable contact piece 6 is guided, and an upper opening, in which the fixed contact 7 is fastened to the insulating material body 11.
  • the fixed contact 7 contains two contact parts 12 and 13 (FIG. 2) designed as erosion-resistant nozzle half-shells, which are in electrically conductive connection with the power connection 5. This electrically conductive connection can be brought about in that the current connection 5 is led directly to the contact piece 7 or acts only indirectly on the contact piece 7.
  • the power connection 5 is formed from two flat rails 14 and 15 which run parallel to one another and which have fork-like widened ends in the region of the contact piece 7.
  • the ends of the two flat rails 14 and 15 rest on insulating parts 16 and 17, which are supported diametrically opposite outer surfaces of both contact parts 12 and 13 (see also FIG. 3).
  • the ends of the turns 18, 19 facing away from the flat rails 14, 15 are connected in an electrically conductive manner to a spring ring 21 which is arranged coaxially with the coil 20 and which presses the contact parts 12, 13 together.
  • the spring ring 21 is made of electrically conductive material and therefore mediates the electrical contact between the coil 20 and the contact parts 12 and 13.
  • the two flat rails 14, 15 are under the action of a spring 22.
  • the flat rails 14, 15 on the one hand supported in a defined manner on the contact parts 12, 13 and on the other hand a defined contact force is generated between the flat rails 14, 15 and a fixed contact 23 provided in the power connection.
  • the contact system described above can be completely preassembled and then only needs to be plugged onto the fixed contact 23 when mounting the compressed gas switch.
  • the power connections 4 and 5 are guided out of the housing 1 essentially transversely to the contact piece axis and each form at least one loop in the interior of the housing.
  • These loops are arranged in a plane containing the bushings 2 and 3 and the contact piece axis and each have a section 24 or 25 which extends in the axial direction and a section 26 or 27 which extends radially to the contact piece axis.
  • the section 24 extends from the bushing 2 downwards, whereas the section 25 extends from the bushing 3 upwards.
  • the section 26 adjoining the section 24 extends into the interior of the housing 1 and ends in the sliding contact surrounding the movable contact piece 6, while the section 27 adjoining the section 25 and also extends into the housing 1 is designed as flat rails 14, 15 as described above and ends at contact piece 7.
  • the configuration of the power connection 5 by means of parallel flat rails 14 and 15 ensures that the frictional forces between the fixed contact piece 7 and the movable contact piece inserted into the fixed contact piece 7 when switched on can be kept low.
  • the erosion on the contact pieces 6 and 7 is further reduced by the fact that the current to be switched off flows through the coil 20.
  • the magnetic field caused by the coil 20 namely causes the arc 28 to rotate about the contact piece axis. Since the coil 20 has two windings 18 and 19, each of which is fed in parallel by a flat rail 14 or 15, the attractive force of the flat rails 14 and 15 is also retained in the region of the fixed contact piece 7.
  • the spring ring 21 which receives the currents flowing through the parallel windings 18 and 19 of the coil 20 effects the current transfer to the contact parts 12 and 13.
  • the spring forces of this ring should hereby be dimensioned such that in the switched-on state, namely when the movable contact piece 6 is moved into the contact piece 7, the force effect of which ensures a sufficient current transfer from the fixed to the movable contact piece via the contact parts 12 and 13 with large and small currents. Since, as described above, the attractive and repulsive electromagnetic forces at the contact piece 7 are almost compensated for with large currents when the flat rails 14 and 15 are suitably dimensioned, it is possible to keep the frictional force between the fixed and movable contact piece and thus the contact abrasion low.
  • the arc 28 drawn between the contact pieces 6 and 7 heats up the insulating gas vigorously in the high current phase, as a result of which the gas pressure in the heating volume 10 is increased considerably.
  • a vigorous flow of insulating gas stored in the heating volume 10 then begins through the nozzle opening enclosed by the contact parts 12 and 13 into an expansion space delimited by the insulating body 11 and housing 1, through which the arc 28 is blown.
  • a further advantageous effect of the invention is to be seen in the fact that the heated insulating gas entering the expansion space first impacts the housing 1 on the side facing away from the drive, and in this case and during its subsequent outflow along the wall of the housing into the nominal current contacts, if applicable 8, 9 containing part of the housing is cooled considerably.
  • the nominal current contacts 8, 9, if provided, are then effectively protected against direct contamination by the extinguishing gases emerging from the heating volume 10 and heated to high temperatures, despite the short overall length of the housing in the axial direction.
  • An additional magnetic blowing is achieved by the coil 20, in particular if it is arranged in the region of the narrowest part of the opening of the contact piece 7.
  • a further blowing can also be achieved in that the lower opening in the insulating body 11 is designed as a nozzle which can be released by the movable contact piece 6 or when the movable contact piece 6 itself is designed as a nozzle.

Abstract

Der vorzugsweise zum Schalten von Mittelspannungen vorgesehene Druckgasschalter weist ein isoliergasgefülltes Gehäuse (1) auf. In diesem Gehäuse sind zwei längs einer Achse relativ zueinander bewegliche Kontaktstücke (6, 7) angeordnet, welche im Einschaltzustand mit ihren freien Enden in ein Heizvolumen (10) geführt sind. Dieser Schalter soll in Richtung der die Bewegung der Kontaktstücke (6, 7) definierenden Achse eine geringe Baulänge aufweisen und sind gleichzeitig durch einen geringen Kontaktabbrand auszeichnen. Dies wird dadurch erreicht, dass der Schalter quer zur Bewegungsachse der Kontaktstücke aus dem Gehäuse (1) geführte Stromanschlüsse (4, 5) aufweist, welche im Inneren des Gehäuses (1) jeweils mindestens eine Schleife bilden. Diese Schleifen sind in einer gemeinsamen Ebene angeordnet und sind derart ausgebildet, dass sie gegensinnig vom abzuschaltenden Strom durchflossen sind.The compressed gas switch, which is preferably provided for switching medium voltages, has an insulating gas-filled housing (1). Two contact pieces (6, 7) which are movable relative to one another along an axis are arranged in this housing and, in the switched-on state, their free ends are guided into a heating volume (10). This switch should have a small overall length in the direction of the axis defining the movement of the contact pieces (6, 7) and at the same time should be characterized by a low contact erosion. This is achieved in that the switch has current connections (4, 5) which lead out of the housing (1) transversely to the axis of movement of the contact pieces and which each form at least one loop in the interior of the housing (1). These loops are arranged in a common plane and are designed such that the current to be switched off flows through them in opposite directions.

Description

Bei der Erfindung wird ausgegangen von einem Druckgasschalter nach dem Oberbegriff des Anspruchs 1.The invention starts with a compressed gas switch according to the preamble of claim 1.

Mit diesem Oberbegriff nimmt die Erfindung auf einen Stand der Technik Bezug, wie er im US-Patent 4,139,752, insbesondere Figuren 1 bis 5,beschrieben ist. Bei diesem Schalter wird das zum Löschen eines bei einem Schaltvorgang zwischen den Kontaktstücken gezogenen Lichtbogens durch Isoliergas bewirkt, welches durch den Lichtbogen aufgeheizt und in einem die Kontaktstücke umgebenden Heizvolumen gespeichert wird. Hierdurch können zusätzliche Vorrichtungen zur Erzeugung einer Löschgasströmung entfallen und kann der Antrieb des Schalters klein gehalten werden. Jedoch lässt sich dieser Schalter wegen seiner zentralen Einspeisung am feststehenden Kontaktstück nicht ohne weiteres in jede Schaltlage einbauen.With this preamble, the invention relates to a prior art as described in US Pat. No. 4,139,752, in particular FIGS. 1 to 5. This switch is used to extinguish an arc drawn between the contact pieces during a switching process by insulating gas, which is heated by the arc and stored in a heating volume surrounding the contact pieces. As a result, additional devices for generating an extinguishing gas flow can be dispensed with and the drive of the switch can be kept small. However, due to its central feed on the fixed contact piece, this switch cannot easily be installed in every switching position.

Es ist Aufgabe der Erfindung, einen Gasschalter der gattungsgemässen Art anzugeben, welcher einfach aufgebaut ist und in Richtung einer die Bewegung der Kontaktstücke definierenden Achse eine geringe Baulänge aufweist.It is an object of the invention to provide a gas switch of the generic type which is of simple construction and has a short overall length in the direction of an axis defining the movement of the contact pieces.

Die Aufgabe wird in Verbindung mit den Merkmalen des Oberbegriffs gemäss dem kennzeichnenden Teil des Anspruchs 1 gelöst. Der erfindungsgemässe Druckgasschalter zeichnet sich dadurch aus, dass er wegen seiner geringen Baulänge in Richtung der Kontaktstückachse derart in Schaltanlagen eingebaut werden kann, dass die Bahn des abzuschaltenden Stromes quer zur Schaltstückachse verläuft. Hierdurch ist es möglich die Schaltanlage besonders raumsparend auszubilden. Darüber hinaus lässt sich ein solcher Schalter einfach montieren, da dessen Kontaktsystem unabhängig von seinem Gehäuse hergestellt und-durch einfaches Aufstecken auf einen im Gehäuse befindlichen Festkontakt befestigt werden kann.The object is achieved in connection with the features of the preamble according to the characterizing part of claim 1. The compressed gas switch according to the invention is characterized in that, because of its small overall length in the direction of the contact piece axis, it can be installed in switchgear in such a way that the path of the current to be switched off runs transversely to the contact piece axis. This makes it possible to design the switchgear to be particularly space-saving. In addition, such a switch can be easily installed, since its contact system can be produced independently of its housing and can be attached by simply plugging it onto a fixed contact located in the housing.

Die Erfindung wird nachfolgend anhand eines in der Zeichnung beschriebenen Ausführungsbeispiels näher erläutert.The invention is explained below with reference to an embodiment described in the drawing.

Hierbei zeigt:

  • Fig. 1 eine Aufsicht auf einen Schnitt nach der Linie I-I von Fig. 2 durch ein Ausführungsbeispiel des erfindungsgemäss ausgebildeten Druckgasschalters,
  • Fig. 2 eine Aufsicht auf einen Teilschnitt nach der Linie 11-11 der Fig. 1 durch das Ausführungsbeispiel des erfindungsgemäss ausgebildeten Druckgasschalters, und
  • Fig. 3 eine von links auf ein feststehendes Kontaktstück des Druckgasschalters nach Fig. 1 erfolgende Aufsicht, bei der Teile des Schalters entfernt sind.
Here shows:
  • 1 is a plan view of a section along the line II of FIG. 2 through an embodiment of the pressure gas switch designed according to the invention,
  • Fig. 2 is a plan view of a partial section along the line 11-11 of Fig. 1 by the embodiment of the pressure gas switch designed according to the invention, and
  • Fig. 3 is a left-hand view of a fixed contact piece of the pressure gas switch according to Fig. 1, in which parts of the switch are removed.

In Fig. 1 bezeichnet 1 ein mit einem Isoliergas, wie etwa Schwefelhexafluorid von beispielsweise 4 bar Druck, gefülltes, zylinderförmiges Gehäuse. An einander diametral gegenüberliegenden Seiten des Gehäuses 1 sind Durchführungen 2 bzw. 3 vorgesehen, durch welche jeweils ein Stromanschluss 4 bzw. 5 für ein bewegliches vollzylindrisch ausgebildetes Kontaktstück 6 bzw. ein feststehend hochzylindrisch ausgebildetes Kontaktstück 7 ins Innere des Gehäuses 1 geführt sind. Der Stromanschluss 2 ist über einen nicht dargestellten und beispielsweise als Viellamellenkontakt ausgebildeten Gleitkontakt mit dem durch einen nicht dargestellten Antrieb in Richtung einer strichpunktiert dargestellten Achse beweglichen Kontaktstück 6 elektrisch leitend verbunden.In Fig. 1, 1 denotes an with an insulating gas such as sulfur hexafluoride of, for example, 4 bar pressure, filled, cylindrical housing. On diametrically opposite sides of the housing 1, bushings 2 and 3 are provided, through which a power connection 4 and 5 for a movable, fully cylindrical contact piece 6 and a fixed, highly cylindrical contact piece 7 are guided into the interior of the housing 1. The power connection 2 is electrically conductively connected to the contact piece 6, which is movable in the direction of an axis shown in dash-dotted lines, by means of a sliding contact, which is not shown and is designed, for example, as a multi-lamella contact.

Das bewegliche Kontaktstück 6 ist ebenso wie das feststehende Kontaktstück 7 abbrandfest ausgebildet. Beide Kontaktstücke können zur Uebertragung von Nennstrom ausgebildet sein, jedoch ist es bei der Uebertragung grosser Nennströme vorteilhaft, das bewegliche Kontaktstück 6 mit einem in der Fig. 1 punktiert dargestellten Nennstromkontakt 8 zu versehen, welcher mit einem mit dem feststehenden Kontaktstück 7 verbundenen und am Stromanschluss 5 befestigten (ebenfalls punktiert dargestellten) Nennstromkontakt 9 zusammenarbeitet. Hierdurch wird ein zu den nun lediglich als Abbrandkontakte wirkenden Kontaktstücken 6 und 7 parallel verlaufender Nennstrompfad gebildet, welcher ausserhalb eines Heizvolumens 10 verläuft, das von einem koaxial zu den Kontaktstücken 6 und 7 angeordneten Körper 11 aus einem druck- und abbrandfesten Isolierstoff, wie etwa glasfaserverstärktem Kunststoff, umgeben ist. Das Kontaktstück 7 muss nicht notwendigerweise hohlzylindrisch ausgebildet sein. Es ist vielmehr auch möglich, dass es vollzylindrisch ausgebildet ist und das Heizvolumen 10 abschliesst. In entsprechender Weise kann das bewegliche Kontaktstück 6 hohlzylindrisch ausgebildet sein.The movable contact piece 6, like the fixed contact piece 7, is designed to be erosion-resistant. Both contact pieces can be designed for the transmission of nominal current, however, when transmitting large nominal currents, it is advantageous to provide the movable contact piece 6 with a nominal current contact 8 shown in dotted lines in FIG. 1, which is connected to a fixed contact piece 7 and at the power connection 5 attached (also shown dotted) nominal current contact 9 cooperates. This forms a nominal current path which now runs parallel to the contact pieces 6 and 7, which now only act as erosion contacts, and which runs outside a heating volume 10, which consists of a body 11, which is arranged coaxially with the contact pieces 6 and 7, and is made of a pressure-resistant and erosion-resistant insulating material, such as glass-fiber reinforced material Plastic that is surrounded. The contact piece 7 does not necessarily have to be hollow cylindrical. Rather, it is also possible for it to be of fully cylindrical design and to close off the heating volume 10. In a corresponding manner, the movable contact piece 6 can be designed as a hollow cylinder.

Der Isplierstoffkörper 11 weist eine untere Oeffnung auf, in welche das bewegliche Kontaktstück 6 geführt ist, sowie eine obere Oeffnung, in welcher der feststehende Kontakt 7 am Isolierstoffkörper 11 befestigt ist. Der feststehende Kontakt 7 enthält zwei als abbrandfeste Düsenhalbschalen ausgebildete Kontaktteile 12 und 13 (Fig. 2), welche in elektrisch leitender Verbindung mit dem Stromanschluss 5 stehen. Diese elektrisch leitende Verbindung kann dadurch bewirkt werden, dass der Stromanschluss 5 unmittelbar an das Kontaktstück 7 geführt ist oder nur mittelbar auf das Kontaktstück 7 wirkt.The insulating material body 11 has a lower opening, into which the movable contact piece 6 is guided, and an upper opening, in which the fixed contact 7 is fastened to the insulating material body 11. The fixed contact 7 contains two contact parts 12 and 13 (FIG. 2) designed as erosion-resistant nozzle half-shells, which are in electrically conductive connection with the power connection 5. This electrically conductive connection can be brought about in that the current connection 5 is led directly to the contact piece 7 or acts only indirectly on the contact piece 7.

Wie aus Fig. 2 ersichtlich, ist bei der beschriebenen Ausführungsform der Stromanschluss 5 aus zwei parallel zueinander verlaufenden Flachschienen 14 und 15 gebildet, welche im Bereich des Kontaktstückes 7 gegeneinander gabelförmig aufgeweitete Enden aufweisen. Die Enden der beiden Flachschienen 14 und 15 ruhen auf Isolierstoffteilen 16 bzw. 17, welche aufeinander diametral gegenüberliegenden Aussenflächen beider Kontaktteile 12 bzw. 13 abgestützt sind (vgl. auch Fig. 3). Hierdurch ist es möglich, den zugeführten Strom in getrennte Windungen 18 bzw. 19 einer Spule 20 einzuspeisen, welche die Kontaktteile 12, 13 des Kontaktstückes 7 koaxial umgibt. Zu diesem Zweck sind die von den Flachschienen 14, 15 abgewandten Enden der Windungen 18, 19 in elektrisch leitender Weise mit einem koaxial zur Spule 20 angeordneten Federring 21 verbunden, welcher die Kontaktteile 12, 13 zusammenpresst. Der Federring 21 ist aus elektrisch leitendem Material und vermittelt daher den elektrischen Kontakt zwischen der Spule 20 und den Kontaktteilen 12 bzw. 13.As can be seen from FIG. 2, in the embodiment described the power connection 5 is formed from two flat rails 14 and 15 which run parallel to one another and which have fork-like widened ends in the region of the contact piece 7. The ends of the two flat rails 14 and 15 rest on insulating parts 16 and 17, which are supported diametrically opposite outer surfaces of both contact parts 12 and 13 (see also FIG. 3). This makes it possible to feed the supplied current into separate turns 18 or 19 of a coil 20 which coaxially surrounds the contact parts 12, 13 of the contact piece 7. For this purpose, the ends of the turns 18, 19 facing away from the flat rails 14, 15 are connected in an electrically conductive manner to a spring ring 21 which is arranged coaxially with the coil 20 and which presses the contact parts 12, 13 together. The spring ring 21 is made of electrically conductive material and therefore mediates the electrical contact between the coil 20 and the contact parts 12 and 13.

Die beiden Flachschienen 14, 15 stehen unter der Wirkung einer Feder 22. Hierdurch werden die Flachschienen 14, 15 einerseits in definierter Weise auf den Kontaktteilen 12, 13 abgestützt und wird andererseits eine definierte Kontaktkraft zwischen den Flachschienen 14, 15 und einem im Stromanschluss vorgesehenen Festkontakt 23 erzeugt. Das vorstehend beschriebene Kontaktsystem kann komplett vormontiert werden und braucht dann bei der Montage des Druckgasschalters lediglich noch auf den Festkontakt 23 aufgesteckt zu werden.The two flat rails 14, 15 are under the action of a spring 22. As a result, the flat rails 14, 15 on the one hand supported in a defined manner on the contact parts 12, 13 and on the other hand a defined contact force is generated between the flat rails 14, 15 and a fixed contact 23 provided in the power connection. The contact system described above can be completely preassembled and then only needs to be plugged onto the fixed contact 23 when mounting the compressed gas switch.

Wie aus Fig. 1 zu entnehmen ist, sind die Stromanschlüsse 4 und 5 im wesentlichen quer zur Kontaktstückachse aus dem Gehäuse 1 geführt und bilden im Inneren des Gehäuses jeweils mindestens eine Schleife. Diese Schleifen sind in einer die Durchführungen 2 und 3 sowie die Kontaktstückachse enthaltenden Ebene angeordnet und weisen jeweils einen in axialer Richtung erstreckten Abschnitt 24 bzw. 25 sowie jeweils einen radial zur Kontaktstückachse erstreckten Abschnitt 26 bzw. 27 auf. Der Abschnitt 24 erstreckt sich von der Durchführung 2 nach unten, hingegen der Abschnitt 25 von der Durchführung 3 nach oben. Der an den Abschnitt 24 anschliessenden Abschnitt 26 erstreckt sich ins Innere des Gehäuses 1 und endet in dem das bewegliche Kontaktstück 6 umschliessenden Gleitkontakt, während der an den Abschnitt 25 anschliessende ebenfalls ins Gehäuse 1 erstreckte Abschnitt 27 wie vorstehend beschrieben als Flachschienen 14, 15 ausgebildet ist und am Kontaktstück 7 endet.As can be seen from FIG. 1, the power connections 4 and 5 are guided out of the housing 1 essentially transversely to the contact piece axis and each form at least one loop in the interior of the housing. These loops are arranged in a plane containing the bushings 2 and 3 and the contact piece axis and each have a section 24 or 25 which extends in the axial direction and a section 26 or 27 which extends radially to the contact piece axis. The section 24 extends from the bushing 2 downwards, whereas the section 25 extends from the bushing 3 upwards. The section 26 adjoining the section 24 extends into the interior of the housing 1 and ends in the sliding contact surrounding the movable contact piece 6, while the section 27 adjoining the section 25 and also extends into the housing 1 is designed as flat rails 14, 15 as described above and ends at contact piece 7.

Dieser Druckgasschalter weist die nachfolgend beschriebene Wirkungsweise auf:

  • Beim Ausschalten wird das bewegliche Kontaktstück 6 nach unten bewegt und nach Oeffnen der ggfs. vorgesehenen Nennstromkontakte 8 und 9 zwischen den sich nachfolgend trennenden Kontaktstücken 6 und 7 ein vom abzuschaltenden Strom hervorgerufener Lichtbogen 28 gezogen. Durch die in den Stromanschlüssen 4 und 5 vorgesehenen und wie vorstehend beschrieben ausgebildeten Schleifen heben sich die auf den Lichtbogen 28 wirkenden elektromagnetischen Kräfte nahezu vollständig auf, so dass der Lichtbogen 28 trotz Quereinspeisung im wesentlichen zentrisch brennt, wodurch ein gleichmässiger Abbrand der Kontaktstücke 6 und 7 erreicht wird.
This gas pressure switch has the mode of operation described below:
  • When switching off, the movable contact piece 6 is moved downwards and, after opening the nominal current contacts 8 and 9 which may be provided, an arc 28 which is caused by the current to be switched off is drawn between the subsequently separating contact pieces 6 and 7. Through the In the current connections 4 and 5 provided and designed as described above, the electromagnetic forces acting on the arc 28 cancel each other almost completely, so that the arc 28 burns essentially centrally despite transverse feed, whereby a uniform burn-off of the contact pieces 6 and 7 is achieved .

Darüber hinaus wird durch die Ausbildung des Stromanschlusses 5 mittels parallel geführter Flachschienen 14 und 15 erzielt, dass die Reibungskräfte zwischen dem feststehenden Kontaktatück 7 und dem im Einschaltzustand in das feststehende Kontaktstück 7 eingeführten beweglichen Kontaktstück gering gehalten werden können. Hierzu ist es lediglich erforderlich, den Abstand und die Länge der Flachschienen 14 und 15 derart zu bemessen, dass die durch die Parallelströme in den Flachschienen hervorgerufenen anziehenden Kräfte am Ort des feststehenden Kontaktstückes 7 durch die beim Stromübergang von den Flachschienen auf das feststehende Kontaktstück 7 hervorgerufenen abstossenden Kräfte nahezu kompensiert werden.In addition, the configuration of the power connection 5 by means of parallel flat rails 14 and 15 ensures that the frictional forces between the fixed contact piece 7 and the movable contact piece inserted into the fixed contact piece 7 when switched on can be kept low. For this it is only necessary to dimension the distance and the length of the flat rails 14 and 15 such that the attractive forces caused by the parallel currents in the flat rails at the location of the fixed contact piece 7 are caused by those caused by the current transfer from the flat rails to the fixed contact piece 7 repulsive forces are almost compensated.

Der Abbrand an den Kontaktstücken 6 und 7 wird dadurch noch zusätzlich verringert, dass der abzuschaltende Strom durch die Spule 20 fliesst. Das durch die Spule 20 hervorgerufene magnetische Feld bewirkt nämlich eine Rotation des Lichtbogens 28 um die Kontaktstückachse. Da die Spule 20 zwei von je einer Flachschiene 14 bzw. 15 parallel eingespeiste Windungen 18 bzw. 19 aufweist, bleibt hierbei die anziehende Kraft der Flachschienen 14 und 15 auch im Bereich des feststehenden Kontaktstückes 7 erhalten. Der die durch die parallelen Windungen 18 und 19 der Spule 20 fliessenden Ströme aufnehmende Federring 21 bewirkt den Stromübergang auf die Kontaktteile 12 und 13. Die Federkräfte dieses Ringes sollten hierbei derart bemessen sein, dass im Einschaltzustand, wenn nämlich das bewegliche Kontaktstück 6 in das Kontaktstück 7 eingefahren ist, dessen Kraftwirkung über die Kontaktteile 12 und 13 bei grossen und kleinen Strömen einen ausreichenden Stromübergang vom feststehenden auf das bewegliche Kontaktstück gewährleistet. Da sich wie vorstehend beschrieben bei grossen Strömen die anziehenden und abstossenden elektromagnetischen Kräfte am Kontaktstück 7 bei geeigneter Bemessung der Flachschienen 14 und 15 nahezu kompensieren, ist es möglich, die Reibungskraft zwischen feststehendem und beweglichem Kontaktstück und damit den Kontaktabrieb gering zu halten.The erosion on the contact pieces 6 and 7 is further reduced by the fact that the current to be switched off flows through the coil 20. The magnetic field caused by the coil 20 namely causes the arc 28 to rotate about the contact piece axis. Since the coil 20 has two windings 18 and 19, each of which is fed in parallel by a flat rail 14 or 15, the attractive force of the flat rails 14 and 15 is also retained in the region of the fixed contact piece 7. The spring ring 21 which receives the currents flowing through the parallel windings 18 and 19 of the coil 20 effects the current transfer to the contact parts 12 and 13. The spring forces of this ring should hereby be dimensioned such that in the switched-on state, namely when the movable contact piece 6 is moved into the contact piece 7, the force effect of which ensures a sufficient current transfer from the fixed to the movable contact piece via the contact parts 12 and 13 with large and small currents. Since, as described above, the attractive and repulsive electromagnetic forces at the contact piece 7 are almost compensated for with large currents when the flat rails 14 and 15 are suitably dimensioned, it is possible to keep the frictional force between the fixed and movable contact piece and thus the contact abrasion low.

Der zwischen den Kontaktstücken 6 und 7 gezogene Lichtbogen 28 heizt in der Hochstromphase das Isoliergas kräftig auf, wodurch der Gasdruck im Heizvolumen 10 kräftig erhöht wird. Bei Annäherung an einen Nulldurchgang des abzuschaltenden Stromes setzt sodann eine kräftige Strömung von im Heizvolumen 10 gespeicherten Isoliergas durch die von den Kontaktteilen 12 und 13 umschlossene Düsenöffnung in einen durch Isolierstoffkörper 11 und Gehäuse 1 begrenzten Expansionsraum ein, durch welche der Lichtbogen 28 beblasen wird. Hierbei ist eine weitere vorteilhafte Wirkung der Erfindung darin zu sehen, dass das in den Expansionsraum gelangende aufgeheizte Isoliergas zunächst an der vom Antrieb abgewandten Seite auf das Gehäuse 1 prallt und hierbei sowie während seines nachfolgenden Abströmens längs der Wand.des Gehäuses in den gegebenenfalls die Nennstromkontakte 8, 9 enthaltenden Teil des Gehäuses beträchtlich abgekühlt wird. Die ggfs. vorgesehenen Nennstromkontakte 8, 9 sind dann trotz kurzer Baulänge des Gehäuses in axialer Richtung in wirkungsvoller Weise vor unmittelbarer Kontamination durch die aus dem Heizvolumen 10 austretenden und auf hohe Temperaturen aufgeheizten Löschgase geschützt.The arc 28 drawn between the contact pieces 6 and 7 heats up the insulating gas vigorously in the high current phase, as a result of which the gas pressure in the heating volume 10 is increased considerably. When the current to be switched off approaches a zero crossing, a vigorous flow of insulating gas stored in the heating volume 10 then begins through the nozzle opening enclosed by the contact parts 12 and 13 into an expansion space delimited by the insulating body 11 and housing 1, through which the arc 28 is blown. Here, a further advantageous effect of the invention is to be seen in the fact that the heated insulating gas entering the expansion space first impacts the housing 1 on the side facing away from the drive, and in this case and during its subsequent outflow along the wall of the housing into the nominal current contacts, if applicable 8, 9 containing part of the housing is cooled considerably. The nominal current contacts 8, 9, if provided, are then effectively protected against direct contamination by the extinguishing gases emerging from the heating volume 10 and heated to high temperatures, despite the short overall length of the housing in the axial direction.

Eine zusätzliche magnetische Beblasung wird hierbei noch durch die Spule 20 erreicht, insbesondere dann, wenn sie im Bereich des engsten Teils der Oeffnung des Kontaktstückes 7 angeordnet ist. Eine weitere Beblasung kann ferner noch dadurch erzielt werden, dass die untere Deffnung im Isolierstroffkörper 11 als vom beweglichen Kontaktstück 6 freigebbare Düse ausgebildet ist oder wenn das bewegliche Kontaktstück 6 selbst als Düse ausgebildet ist.An additional magnetic blowing is achieved by the coil 20, in particular if it is arranged in the region of the narrowest part of the opening of the contact piece 7. A further blowing can also be achieved in that the lower opening in the insulating body 11 is designed as a nozzle which can be released by the movable contact piece 6 or when the movable contact piece 6 itself is designed as a nozzle.

Claims (8)

1. Druckgasschalter mit einem isoliergasgefüllten Gehäuse (1), zwei im Gehäuse (1) längs einer Achse relativ zueinander beweglichen zylinderförmigen Kontaktstücken (6, 7), zwei mit den Kontaktstücken (6, 7) elektrisch leitend verbundenen und aus dem Gehäuse (1) geführten Stromanschlüssen (4, 5), einem von einem Isolierstoffkörper (11) umgebenen Heizvolumen (10), in welches die von den Stromanschlüssen (4; 5) abgewandten freien Enden der Kontaktstücke (6, 7) zumindest im Einschaltzustand geführt sind, und mindestens einer das Heizvolumen (10) mit einem Expansionsraum verbindenden düsenförmigen Oeffnung, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Stromanschlüsse (4, 5) im wesentlichen quer zur Kontaktstückachse aus dem Gehäuse (1) geführt sind und im Inneren des Gehäuses (1) jeweils mindestens eine Schleife bilden, welche Schleifen in einer gemeinsamen Ebene angeordnet und derart ausgebildet sind, dass sie gegensinnig vom abzuschaltenden Strom durchflossen sind.1. Pressure gas switch with an insulating gas-filled housing (1), two cylindrical contact pieces (6, 7) movable relative to each other along an axis in the housing (1), two electrically conductively connected to the contact pieces (6, 7) and out of the housing (1) guided power connections (4, 5), a heating volume (10) surrounded by an insulating material body (11), into which the free ends of the contact pieces (6, 7) facing away from the power connections (4; 5) are guided, at least in the switched-on state, and at least a nozzle-shaped opening connecting the heating volume (10) to an expansion space, characterized in that the power connections (4, 5) are led out of the housing (1) essentially transversely to the contact piece axis and each form at least one loop in the interior of the housing (1) Which loops are arranged in a common plane and are designed such that the current to be switched off flows through them in opposite directions. 2. Druckgasschalter nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Schleife jeweils einen in axialer Richtung erstreckten ersten Abschnitt (24, 25) und einen jeweils radial zur Kontaktstückachse erstreckten zweiten Abschnitt (26, 27) aufweisen, und dass die ersten Abschnitte (24, 25) von den Durchführungen (2, 3) in entgegengesetzten Richtungen verlaufen und an den von den Durchführungen (2, 3) abgewandten Enden jeweils an die zweiten Abschnitte (26, 27) anschliessen.2. Pressure gas switch according to claim 1, characterized in that the loop each have a first section (24, 25) extending in the axial direction and a second section (26, 27) each extending radially to the contact piece axis, and in that the first sections (24, 25) of the bushings (2, 3) run in opposite directions and connect to the second sections (26, 27) at the ends facing away from the bushings (2, 3). 3. Durckgasschalter nach Anspruch 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der mit einem feststehenden (7) der beiden Kontaktstücke (6, 7) elektrisch leitend verbundenen Stromanschluss (5) zumindest in seinem zweiten Abschnitt (27) jeweils von mindestens zwei parallel zueinander angeordneten Flachschienen (14, 15) gebildet ist, welche aufeinander gegenüberliegenden Aussenflächen des feststehenden Kontaktstückes (7) abgestützt sind.3. Durckgassschalter according to claim 2, characterized in that with a fixed (7) of the two Contact pieces (6, 7) of electrically connected power connection (5), at least in its second section (27), are each formed by at least two flat rails (14, 15) arranged parallel to one another, which are supported on opposite outer surfaces of the fixed contact piece (7). 4. Durckgasschalter nach Anspruch 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das feststehende Kontaktstück (7) in einer Oeffnung des das Heizvolumen (10) begrenzenden Isolierstoffkörpers (11) befestigt ist, und dass die Flachschienen (14, 15) gegenüber diesem Kontaktstück (7) elektrisch isoliert sind und jeweils einen Anschluss an jeweils eine von mindestens zwei Windungen (18, 19) einer das feststehende Kontaktstück (7) umgebenden und mit diesem elektrisch leitend verbundenen Spule (20) aufweisen.4. Durckgassschalter according to claim 3, characterized in that the fixed contact piece (7) in an opening of the heating volume (10) limiting insulating body (11) is fixed, and that the flat rails (14, 15) relative to this contact piece (7) electrically are insulated and each have a connection to one of at least two turns (18, 19) of a coil (20) surrounding the fixed contact piece (7) and connected to it in an electrically conductive manner. 5. Druckgasschalter nach Anspruch 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das feststehende Kontaktstück (7) zwei als Düsenhalbschalen ausgebildete und in der Oeffnung des Isolierstoffkörpers (11) gelagerte Kontaktteile (12, 13) aufweist, welche in elektrisch leitender Weise auf einem Federring (21) abgestützt sind, der mit den Windungen (18, 19) der Spule (20) elektrisch leitend verbunden ist.5. Gas-blast switch according to claim 4, characterized in that the fixed contact piece (7) has two contact parts (12, 13) formed as nozzle half-shells and mounted in the opening of the insulating body (11), which in an electrically conductive manner on a spring ring (21) are supported, which is electrically conductively connected to the windings (18, 19) of the coil (20). 6. Druckgasschalter nach Anspruch 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Kontaktstücke (6, 7) jeweils mit Nennstromkontakten (8, 9) in elektrisch leitender Verbindung stehen, welche an den von der Düsenöffnung der Düsenhalbschalen abgewandten Seite des Gehäuses (1) angebracht sind.6. Pressure gas switch according to claim 5, characterized in that the contact pieces (6, 7) are each with nominal current contacts (8, 9) in an electrically conductive connection which are attached to the side of the housing (1) facing away from the nozzle opening of the nozzle half-shells. 7. Druckgasschalter nach einem der Ansprüche 3 bis 68 dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Flachschienen (14, 15) unter der Wirkung einer Feder (22) stehen.7. Gas switch according to one of claims 3 to 6 8, characterized in that the flat rails (14, 15) are under the action of a spring (22). 8. Druckgasschalter nach Anspruch 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Flachschienen (14, 15) auf einen Festkontakt (23) steckbar sind.8. Pressure gas switch according to claim 7, characterized in that the flat rails (14, 15) can be plugged onto a fixed contact (23).
EP85107283A 1984-08-22 1985-06-13 Gas-blast switch Expired EP0173804B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CH401584 1984-08-22
CH4015/84 1984-08-22

Publications (2)

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EP0173804A1 true EP0173804A1 (en) 1986-03-12
EP0173804B1 EP0173804B1 (en) 1988-09-21

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EP85107283A Expired EP0173804B1 (en) 1984-08-22 1985-06-13 Gas-blast switch

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US (1) US4665288A (en)
EP (1) EP0173804B1 (en)
JP (1) JPH07101581B2 (en)
DE (2) DE3435967A1 (en)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2617633B1 (en) * 1987-07-02 1989-11-17 Merlin Gerin CIRCUIT BREAKER WITH ROTATING ARC AND EXPANSION
US5140107A (en) * 1991-07-02 1992-08-18 Ncr Corporation Digitizer screen and method of making
US5464956A (en) * 1994-04-08 1995-11-07 S&C Electric Company Rotating arc interrupter for loadbreak switch
DE19613568A1 (en) * 1996-04-04 1997-10-09 Asea Brown Boveri Circuit breaker

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DE2811509A1 (en) * 1977-03-24 1978-10-05 Mitsubishi Electric Corp CIRCUIT BREAKER

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DE1864376U (en) * 1962-08-10 1962-12-27 Calor Emag Elektrizitaets Ag HIGH VOLTAGE SWITCHING DEVICE WITH MANUAL SWITCHING BRIDGES.
FR1366760A (en) * 1963-12-06 1964-07-17 Coq France Interrupting chamber for on-load switch
US3632932A (en) * 1969-08-08 1972-01-04 Gen Electric Current-limiting circuit breaker having a field strap assembly
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DE2342520A1 (en) * 1973-08-23 1975-03-06 Calor Emag Elektrizitaets Ag HV gas-blast cct. breaker - has pressure chamber connected to electrode forming nozzle and expansion chamber for arc quenching
DE2811509A1 (en) * 1977-03-24 1978-10-05 Mitsubishi Electric Corp CIRCUIT BREAKER

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JPH07101581B2 (en) 1995-11-01
EP0173804B1 (en) 1988-09-21
DE3565190D1 (en) 1988-10-27
US4665288A (en) 1987-05-12
DE3435967A1 (en) 1986-03-06
JPS6161322A (en) 1986-03-29

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