EP0170159A2 - Triple conductor concentric cable - Google Patents

Triple conductor concentric cable Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0170159A2
EP0170159A2 EP85108920A EP85108920A EP0170159A2 EP 0170159 A2 EP0170159 A2 EP 0170159A2 EP 85108920 A EP85108920 A EP 85108920A EP 85108920 A EP85108920 A EP 85108920A EP 0170159 A2 EP0170159 A2 EP 0170159A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
cable according
inner conductor
cable
insulating material
conductor
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
EP85108920A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0170159A3 (en
Inventor
Klaus Ruthrof
Rudolf Körner
Jürgen Dorner
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Siemens AG
Original Assignee
Kraftwerk Union AG
Siemens AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Kraftwerk Union AG, Siemens AG filed Critical Kraftwerk Union AG
Publication of EP0170159A2 publication Critical patent/EP0170159A2/en
Publication of EP0170159A3 publication Critical patent/EP0170159A3/en
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
    • H01B11/00—Communication cables or conductors
    • H01B11/02—Cables with twisted pairs or quads
    • H01B11/06—Cables with twisted pairs or quads with means for reducing effects of electromagnetic or electrostatic disturbances, e.g. screens
    • H01B11/10—Screens specially adapted for reducing interference from external sources
    • H01B11/1033—Screens specially adapted for reducing interference from external sources composed of a wire-braided conductor
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
    • H01B11/00—Communication cables or conductors
    • H01B11/18—Coaxial cables; Analogous cables having more than one inner conductor within a common outer conductor
    • H01B11/1808—Construction of the conductors
    • H01B11/1813—Co-axial cables with at least one braided conductor

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a concentric three-wire cable, in particular for ultrasound measurements, with an inner conductor and outer conductors made of braided strand, which are spaced from one another and from the inner conductor by insulating material.
  • the outer conductors each consist of several layers and that their direct current resistance is several times smaller than that of the inner conductor.
  • the new cable has an extremely high coupling loss.
  • the resistance ratio between outer conductors and inner conductors can advantageously be 1: 5 or more and thus considerably exceeds the values of conventional measuring cables, which have a lower coupling loss.
  • the outer conductor adjacent to the inner conductor should comprise three or more layers of braided silver-plated copper braid, which are offset from one another to achieve a high degree of coverage. Despite the desired high degree of coverage, good flexibility is achieved.
  • the insulating material can consist of polytetrafluoroethylene, the thickness between the inner conductor and the first outer conductor being dependent on the required characteristic impedance of the cable.
  • a jacket with approximately the same thickness as the insulating material is recommended as external protection. It is suitably made of polyurethane, which can be colored to make the cable more noticeable or to mark it.
  • the construction of the new triax cable with extremely high coupling attenuation with a small diameter ( v 6 mm) and good flexibility as well as a robust design is described in the direction from the inside out.
  • the cable consists of an inner conductor 1 made of copper strands 7 x 0.18 silver-plated, ie seven copper wires with a diameter of 0.18 mm, which are silver-plated and twisted together.
  • the DC resistance is 100 m ⁇ / m.
  • the subsequent dielectric 2 consists of highly insulating material, namely polytetrafluoroethylene, which is extruded onto the inner conductor 1.
  • the outer diameter of 1.7 mm corresponds to an insulating material thickness of approximately 0.6 mm. This gives a characteristic impedance of approximately 50 ohms.
  • the inner shield 3 comprises three braided shields, which consist of silver-plated copper braid.
  • the copper strand is spun in several, for example 16 strands of several, for example 5 or 6 conductors with a diameter of 0.1 mm to form an acute-angled braid.
  • the shield 3 has an outer diameter of 3.0 mm and a direct current resistance of 12 m ⁇ / m.
  • the inner shield 3 is followed by a second insulation 4. It is also made of extruded polytetrafluoroethylene and has an outer diameter of 3.8 mm.
  • the outer shield 5 of the triax cable consists of two braided shields made of silver-plated steel copper wire, which can also achieve a good degree of coverage. 24 beats of 5 or 6 individual conductors with a diameter of 0.13 mm are spun at an acute angle. This results in an outer diameter of 5 mm and a direct current resistance of 17 m ⁇ / m.
  • the outer jacket 6 is made of polyurethane. It gives the outside diameter of 6 mm.
  • the decisive advantage of the invention lies in the extremely high coupling loss of> 140 dB of the cable. This is achieved through the use of multi-layered umbrellas, which enable a high degree of coverage with low longitudinal resistance and great flexibility.
  • the shielding effect relates not only to electrical fields, but also to magnetic fields due to the use of steel copper in the outer shield due to the magnetostatic effect.
  • the cable can therefore be used not only for ultrasonic measurements but also in data technology to reduce the sensitivity to interference.

Abstract

Ein konzentrisches Dreileiterkabel umfaßt einen Innenleiter (1) und Außenleiter (3,5) aus geflochtener Litze, die voneinander und von dem Innenleiter (1) durch Isoliermaterial (2,4) distanziert sind. Die Außenleiter (3,5) bestehen jeweils aus mehreren Schichten, deren Gleichstromwiderstand mehrfach kleiner als der des Innenleiters (1 ist. Die Erfindung kommt insbesondere für Kabel für Ultraschallmessungen in Frage.A concentric three-wire cable comprises an inner conductor (1) and outer conductor (3,5) made of braided wire, which are spaced from each other and from the inner conductor (1) by insulating material (2,4). The outer conductors (3, 5) each consist of several layers, the direct current resistance of which is several times smaller than that of the inner conductor (1. The invention is particularly suitable for cables for ultrasonic measurements.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft ein konzentrisches Dreileiterkabel, insbesondere für Ultraschallmessungen, mit einem Innenleiter und Außenleitern aus geflochtener Litze, die voneinander und von dem Innenleiter durch Isoliermaterial distanziert sind.The invention relates to a concentric three-wire cable, in particular for ultrasound measurements, with an inner conductor and outer conductors made of braided strand, which are spaced from one another and from the inner conductor by insulating material.

Weil vor allem in Kernkraftwerken im Hinblick auf kurze Stillstandszeiten bei wichtigen Prüfungen mit Ultraschall gleichzeitig Reparaturarbeiten stattfinden, die mit Funksprechverkehr verbunden sind oder Lichtbogenschweißen erfordern, ergeben sich recht starke elektrische und/oder elektromagnetische Störfelder. Sie hatten bisher oft zur Folge, daß trotz der Verwendung der oben genannten Dreileiterkabel die Ultraschallprüfungen wegen Störspannungen unterbrochen und zum Beispiel in die Nachtzeiten verlegt werden mußten. Deshalb geht die Erfindung von der Aufgabe aus, durch eine besondere Ausbildung des Kabels die Einkopplung von Störspannungen zu verringern, die Ultraschallmessungen beeinträchtigen können.Because, especially in nuclear power plants with regard to short downtimes, important tests with ultrasound are carried out at the same time as repair work that is connected to radio communication or requires arc welding, there are quite strong electrical and / or electromagnetic interference fields. So far, they have often had the consequence that, despite the use of the three-wire cable mentioned above, the ultrasonic tests had to be interrupted due to interference voltages and, for example, had to be moved to the night. Therefore, the invention is based on the task of reducing the coupling of interference voltages by a special design of the cable, which can impair ultrasonic measurements.

Gemäß der Erfindung ist bei einem Kabel der eingangs genannten Art vorgesehen, daß die Außenleiter jeweils aus mehreren Schichten bestehen und daß ihr Gleichstromwiderstand mehrfach kleiner als der des Innenleiters ist.According to the invention, in the case of a cable of the type mentioned in the introduction, it is provided that the outer conductors each consist of several layers and that their direct current resistance is several times smaller than that of the inner conductor.

Das neue Kabel hat eine extrem hohe Koppeldämpfung.The new cable has an extremely high coupling loss.

Es ist somit unempfindlich gegen die vorgenannten Störeinflüsse. Dennoch kann es mit kleinem Durchmesser und guter Flexibilität ausgebildet werden, wie eingehende Erprobungen gezeigt haben.It is therefore insensitive to the aforementioned interference. Nevertheless, it can be designed with a small diameter and good flexibility, as detailed tests have shown.

Das Widerstandsverhältnis zwischen Außenleitern und Innenleiter kann vorteilhaft 1:5 oder mehr betragen und übersteigt damit erheblich die Werte üblicher Meßkabel, die eine kleinere Koppeldämpfung haben. Dabei sollte der dem Innenleiter benachbarte Außenleiter drei oder mehr Schichten aus geflochtener versilberter Kupferlitze umfassen, die zur Erzielung eines hohen Bedeckungsgrades gegeneinander versetzt sind. Man erreicht damit trotz des erwünschten hohen Bedeckungsgrades eine gute Flexibilität.The resistance ratio between outer conductors and inner conductors can advantageously be 1: 5 or more and thus considerably exceeds the values of conventional measuring cables, which have a lower coupling loss. The outer conductor adjacent to the inner conductor should comprise three or more layers of braided silver-plated copper braid, which are offset from one another to achieve a high degree of coverage. Despite the desired high degree of coverage, good flexibility is achieved.

Die Litze des äußeren Außenleiters besteht dagegen vorzugsweise aus versilbertem Stahlkupferdraht, insbesondere in zwei oder mehr Schichten. Man erreicht damit neben einer elektrischen Abschirmung auch noch eine direkte magnetische Abschirmung, ohne daß die Flexibilität wie bei anderen stahlbewehrten Kabeln beeinträchtigt ist. Dennoch wird auch eine hervorragende mechanische Widerstandsfähigkeit gegen rauhen Betrieb erreicht.In contrast, the strand of the outer outer conductor preferably consists of silver-plated steel copper wire, in particular in two or more layers. In addition to electrical shielding, direct magnetic shielding can also be achieved without the flexibility being impaired, as is the case with other steel-reinforced cables. However, excellent mechanical resistance to rough operation is also achieved.

Das Isoliermaterial kann in bewährter Weise aus Polytetrafluoräthylen bestehen, wobei die Dicke zwischen Innenleiter und erstem Außenleiter abhängig ist von dem geforderten Wellenwiderstand des Kabels. Als äußerer Schutz empfiehlt sich ein Mantel mit annähernd der gleichen Dicke wie das Isoliermaterial. Er besteht zweckmäßig aus Polyurethan, das eingefärbt sein kann, um das Kabel auffälliger zu machen oder zu kennzeichnen.The insulating material can consist of polytetrafluoroethylene, the thickness between the inner conductor and the first outer conductor being dependent on the required characteristic impedance of the cable. A jacket with approximately the same thickness as the insulating material is recommended as external protection. It is suitably made of polyurethane, which can be colored to make the cable more noticeable or to mark it.

Weitere Einzelheiten der Erfindung werden bei der folgenden Beschreibung eines Ausführungsbeispiels anhand der beiliegenden Zeichnung noch näher erläutert, in der ein Kabel nach der Erfindung in einem Querschnitt in größerem Maßstab dargestellt ist.Further details of the invention will be explained in more detail in the following description of an embodiment with reference to the accompanying drawing, in which a cable according to the invention is shown in a cross section on a larger scale.

Der Aufbau des neuen Triaxkabels mit extrem hoher Koppeldämpfung bei kleinem Durchmesser (v 6 mm) und guter Flexibilität sowie robuster Ausführung wird in Richtung von innen nach außen beschrieben. Das Kabel besteht aus einem Innenleiter 1 aus Cu-Litze 7 x 0,18 versilbert, d.h. sieben Kupferdrähten mit 0,18 mm Durchmesser, die versilbert und miteinander verdrillt sind. Der Gleichstromwiderstand ist 100 mΩ/m.The construction of the new triax cable with extremely high coupling attenuation with a small diameter ( v 6 mm) and good flexibility as well as a robust design is described in the direction from the inside out. The cable consists of an inner conductor 1 made of copper strands 7 x 0.18 silver-plated, ie seven copper wires with a diameter of 0.18 mm, which are silver-plated and twisted together. The DC resistance is 100 mΩ / m.

Das nachfolgende Dielektrikum 2 besteht aus hochisolierendem Material, nämlich Polytetrafluoräthylen, das auf den Innenleiter 1 extrudiert ist. Dem Außendurchmesser von 1,7 mm entspricht eine Isoliermaterialdicke von etwa 0,6 mm. Man erhält damit einen Wellenwiderstand von ca. 50 Ohm.The subsequent dielectric 2 consists of highly insulating material, namely polytetrafluoroethylene, which is extruded onto the inner conductor 1. The outer diameter of 1.7 mm corresponds to an insulating material thickness of approximately 0.6 mm. This gives a characteristic impedance of approximately 50 ohms.

Die innere Abschirmung 3 umfaßt drei übereinander geflochtene Schirme, die aus versilberter Kupferlitze bestehen. Die Kupferlitze ist in mehreren, zum Beispiel 16 Schlägen von mehreren, zum Beispiel 5 oder 6 Leitern mit 0,1 mm Durchmesser zu einem spitzwinkligen Geflecht versponnen. Insgesamt ergibt sich für die Abschirmung 3 ein Außendurchmesser von 3,0 mm und ein Gleichstromwiderstand von 12 mΩ/m. Durch diese mehrfachen Abschirmungslagen wird ein sehr guter Bedeckungsgrad bei guter Flexibilität erreicht.The inner shield 3 comprises three braided shields, which consist of silver-plated copper braid. The copper strand is spun in several, for example 16 strands of several, for example 5 or 6 conductors with a diameter of 0.1 mm to form an acute-angled braid. Overall, the shield 3 has an outer diameter of 3.0 mm and a direct current resistance of 12 mΩ / m. These multiple shielding layers achieve a very good degree of coverage with good flexibility.

Der Innenabschirmung 3 folgt eine zweite Isolation 4. Sie besteht ebenfalls aus extrudiertem Polytetrafluoräthylen und hat einen Außendurchmesser von 3,8 mm.The inner shield 3 is followed by a second insulation 4. It is also made of extruded polytetrafluoroethylene and has an outer diameter of 3.8 mm.

Der Außenschirm 5 des Triaxkabels besteht aus zwei übereinander geflochtenen Schirmen aus versilbertem Stahlkupferdraht, die ebenfalls einen guten Bedeckungsgrad erreichen lassen. Dabei sind jeweils 24 Schläge von 5 bzw. 6 Einzelleitern mit 0,13 mm Durchmesser spitzwinklig miteinander versponnen. Dies ergibt einen Außendurchmesser von 5 mm und einen Gleichstromwiderstand von 17 mΩ/m.The outer shield 5 of the triax cable consists of two braided shields made of silver-plated steel copper wire, which can also achieve a good degree of coverage. 24 beats of 5 or 6 individual conductors with a diameter of 0.13 mm are spun at an acute angle. This results in an outer diameter of 5 mm and a direct current resistance of 17 mΩ / m.

Der äußere Mantel 6 besteht aus Polyurethan. Er ergibt den Außendurchmesser von 6 mm.The outer jacket 6 is made of polyurethane. It gives the outside diameter of 6 mm.

Der entscheidende Vorteil der Erfindung liegt in der extrem hohen Koppeldämpfung von > 140 dB des Kabels. Erreicht wird dies durch die Anwendung mehrschichtiger Schirme, die einen hohen Bedeckungsgrad bei gleichzeitig niedrigem Längswiderstand und großer Flexibilität ermöglichen.The decisive advantage of the invention lies in the extremely high coupling loss of> 140 dB of the cable. This is achieved through the use of multi-layered umbrellas, which enable a high degree of coverage with low longitudinal resistance and great flexibility.

Die Schirmwirkung bezieht sich nicht nur auf elektrische Felder, sondern infolge der Verwendung von Stahlkupfer im äußeren Schirm durch magnetostatische Wirkung auch auf magnetische Felder. Das Kabel ist daher nicht nur bei Ultraschallmessungen sondern auch in der Datentechnik zur Verringerung der Störempfindlichkeit mit Vorteil einsetzbar.The shielding effect relates not only to electrical fields, but also to magnetic fields due to the use of steel copper in the outer shield due to the magnetostatic effect. The cable can therefore be used not only for ultrasonic measurements but also in data technology to reduce the sensitivity to interference.

Claims (8)

1. Konzentrisches Dreileiterkabel, insbesondere für Ultraschallmessungen, mit einem Innenleiter und Außenleitern aus geflochtener Litze, die voneinander und von dem Innenleiter durch Isoliermaterial distanziert sind,
dadurch gekennzeichnet ,
daß die Außenleiter (3, 5) jeweils aus mehreren Schichten bestehen und daß ihr Gleichstromwiderstand mehrfach kleiner als der des Innenleiters (1) ist.1. Concentric three-wire cable, in particular for ultrasound measurements, with an inner conductor and outer conductors made of braided strand, which are spaced from one another and from the inner conductor by insulating material,
characterized ,
that the outer conductors (3, 5) each consist of several layers and that their DC resistance is several times smaller than that of the inner conductor (1). 2. Kabel nach Anspruch 1,
dadurch gekennzeichnet ,
daß das Widerstandsverhältnis 1:5 oder mehr beträgt.2. Cable according to claim 1,
characterized ,
that the resistance ratio is 1: 5 or more. 3. Kabel nach Anspruch 1 oder 2,
dadurch gekennzeichnet ,
daß der dem Innenleiter (1) benachbarte Außenleiter (3) drei oder mehr Schichten aus geflochtener versilberter Kupferlitze umfaßt, die zur Erzielung eines hohen Bedeckungsgrades gegeneinander versetzt sind.3. Cable according to claim 1 or 2,
characterized ,
that the inner conductor (1) adjacent outer conductor (3) comprises three or more layers of braided silver-plated copper braid, which are offset from one another to achieve a high degree of coverage. 4. Kabel nach Anspruch 1, 2 oder 3,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß die Litze des äußeren Außenleiters (5) aus versilbertem Stahlkupferdraht oder ähnlichem ferromagnetischem Material besteht.4. Cable according to claim 1, 2 or 3,
characterized,
that the strand of the outer outer conductor (5) consists of silver-plated steel copper wire or similar ferromagnetic material. 5. Kabel nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß das Isoliermaterial (2, 4) aus Polytetrafluoräthylen besteht.5. Cable according to one of claims 1 to 4,
characterized,
that the insulating material (2, 4) consists of polytetrafluoroethylene. 6. Kabel nach Anspruch 5,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß ein äußerer Mantel (6) aus vorzugsweise eingefärbtem Polyurethan mit mindestens annähernd der gleichen Dicke wie das Isoliermaterial (2,4) vorgesehen ist.6. Cable according to claim 5,
characterized,
that an outer jacket (6) made of preferably colored polyurethane is provided with at least approximately the same thickness as the insulating material (2,4). 7. Kabel nach Anspruch 1,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß es in der Datentechnik zur Verminderung der Störempfindlichkeit verwendet wird.7. Cable according to claim 1,
characterized,
that it is used in data technology to reduce sensitivity to interference. 8. Kabel nach Anspruch 1,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß es bei Ultraschallmessungen zur Verminderung der Störempfindlichkeit verwendet wird.8. Cable according to claim 1,
characterized,
that it is used in ultrasonic measurements to reduce sensitivity to interference.
EP85108920A 1984-07-30 1985-07-16 Triple conductor concentric cable Ceased EP0170159A3 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE3428087 1984-07-30
DE19843428087 DE3428087A1 (en) 1984-07-30 1984-07-30 CONCENTRIC THREE-WIRE CABLE

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0170159A2 true EP0170159A2 (en) 1986-02-05
EP0170159A3 EP0170159A3 (en) 1987-10-07

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP85108920A Ceased EP0170159A3 (en) 1984-07-30 1985-07-16 Triple conductor concentric cable

Country Status (7)

Country Link
US (1) US4642417A (en)
EP (1) EP0170159A3 (en)
JP (1) JPS6147017A (en)
DE (1) DE3428087A1 (en)
DK (1) DK342885A (en)
ES (1) ES296669Y (en)
FI (1) FI852296L (en)

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ES296669U (en) 1987-12-16
DE3428087A1 (en) 1986-01-30
FI852296L (en) 1986-01-31
DK342885A (en) 1986-01-31
DK342885D0 (en) 1985-07-29
US4642417A (en) 1987-02-10
FI852296A0 (en) 1985-06-07
ES296669Y (en) 1989-09-01
EP0170159A3 (en) 1987-10-07

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