EP0141338B1 - Device for successively removing and applying tags from and to spaced regions on a web of material - Google Patents

Device for successively removing and applying tags from and to spaced regions on a web of material Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0141338B1
EP0141338B1 EP84112507A EP84112507A EP0141338B1 EP 0141338 B1 EP0141338 B1 EP 0141338B1 EP 84112507 A EP84112507 A EP 84112507A EP 84112507 A EP84112507 A EP 84112507A EP 0141338 B1 EP0141338 B1 EP 0141338B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
web
conveying
sections
elements
conveying elements
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
EP84112507A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0141338A1 (en
Inventor
Dieter Eschler
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Paul Hartmann AG
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Paul Hartmann AG
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Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from DE19833338306 external-priority patent/DE3338306A1/en
Priority claimed from DE19843431910 external-priority patent/DE3431910A1/en
Application filed by Paul Hartmann AG filed Critical Paul Hartmann AG
Publication of EP0141338A1 publication Critical patent/EP0141338A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0141338B1 publication Critical patent/EP0141338B1/en
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61FFILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F13/00Bandages or dressings; Absorbent pads
    • A61F13/15Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators
    • A61F13/15577Apparatus or processes for manufacturing
    • A61F13/15585Apparatus or processes for manufacturing of babies' napkins, e.g. diapers
    • A61F13/15593Apparatus or processes for manufacturing of babies' napkins, e.g. diapers having elastic ribbons fixed thereto; Devices for applying the ribbons
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65CLABELLING OR TAGGING MACHINES, APPARATUS, OR PROCESSES
    • B65C1/00Labelling flat essentially-rigid surfaces
    • B65C1/02Affixing labels to one flat surface of articles, e.g. of packages, of flat bands
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65CLABELLING OR TAGGING MACHINES, APPARATUS, OR PROCESSES
    • B65C1/00Labelling flat essentially-rigid surfaces
    • B65C1/02Affixing labels to one flat surface of articles, e.g. of packages, of flat bands
    • B65C1/021Affixing labels to one flat surface of articles, e.g. of packages, of flat bands the label being applied by movement of the labelling head towards the article
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65CLABELLING OR TAGGING MACHINES, APPARATUS, OR PROCESSES
    • B65C9/00Details of labelling machines or apparatus
    • B65C9/08Label feeding
    • B65C9/18Label feeding from strips, e.g. from rolls
    • B65C9/1803Label feeding from strips, e.g. from rolls the labels being cut from a strip
    • B65C9/183Label feeding from strips, e.g. from rolls the labels being cut from a strip and transferred by gripping means or feeding rollers
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65CLABELLING OR TAGGING MACHINES, APPARATUS, OR PROCESSES
    • B65C9/00Details of labelling machines or apparatus
    • B65C9/26Devices for applying labels
    • B65C9/30Rollers
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65CLABELLING OR TAGGING MACHINES, APPARATUS, OR PROCESSES
    • B65C9/00Details of labelling machines or apparatus
    • B65C9/26Devices for applying labels
    • B65C9/36Wipers; Pressers
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16HGEARING
    • F16H35/00Gearings or mechanisms with other special functional features
    • F16H35/02Gearings or mechanisms with other special functional features for conveying rotary motion with cyclically varying velocity ratio
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10TTECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T156/00Adhesive bonding and miscellaneous chemical manufacture
    • Y10T156/10Methods of surface bonding and/or assembly therefor
    • Y10T156/1052Methods of surface bonding and/or assembly therefor with cutting, punching, tearing or severing
    • Y10T156/1062Prior to assembly
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10TTECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T156/00Adhesive bonding and miscellaneous chemical manufacture
    • Y10T156/12Surface bonding means and/or assembly means with cutting, punching, piercing, severing or tearing
    • Y10T156/1317Means feeding plural workpieces to be joined
    • Y10T156/1322Severing before bonding or assembling of parts
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10TTECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T156/00Adhesive bonding and miscellaneous chemical manufacture
    • Y10T156/12Surface bonding means and/or assembly means with cutting, punching, piercing, severing or tearing
    • Y10T156/1317Means feeding plural workpieces to be joined
    • Y10T156/1322Severing before bonding or assembling of parts
    • Y10T156/133Delivering cut part to indefinite or running length web
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10TTECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T156/00Adhesive bonding and miscellaneous chemical manufacture
    • Y10T156/17Surface bonding means and/or assemblymeans with work feeding or handling means
    • Y10T156/1702For plural parts or plural areas of single part
    • Y10T156/1712Indefinite or running length work
    • Y10T156/1734Means bringing articles into association with web

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a device for applying stretched strip sections of a first elastic material web - to discrete regions of a second, continuously moving material web lying one behind the other at a predetermined distance, according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • Such a device is known from US Pat. No. 3,963,557. It is used to apply sections of a defined length separated from a continuous belt fed continuously at the same speed at intervals from one another on a second belt also fed continuously at the same speed.
  • strip sections separated from the first strip material in a defined length are taken up by conveying elements and transferred to the second web, the conveying speed of which after the separation of a strip section from the first material web until a predetermined distance from the subsequent one is reached Section section increases. After the strip section has been transferred to the second material web, the conveying speed of the relevant conveying element drops back to the lower value at which a new strip section is again taken over by the first material web for transfer to the second material web.
  • the conveyor elements rotate about an axis at different angular speeds.
  • the different angular velocity is achieved in that the conveying elements rotating on the axis are driven by a drive disk which rotates on an axially offset axis and has radial guide grooves, into which drivers for power transmission attached to the conveying elements engage.
  • the drivers of the conveying elements move during a revolution of a conveying element within the guide groove of the drive pulley from a radially minimal distance to the axis of rotation of the drive pulley up to a radially maximum larger distance.
  • the size of the angular ranges over which the individual curve sections extend can be freely selected within wide limits.
  • the curve section a in which the levers of the front elements are guided during the transfer of the second material web and its connection to the sections separated from the first web, takes up an angular range of at least 150 ° to 180 °.
  • the second web which is to be fed continuously at a constant speed, can be guided over a relatively large angular range into contact with the conveying element from which the strip section separated from the first web and provided with an adhesive transfers to the region of the second material web in question becomes.
  • the conveying elements guided at a minimal distance from one another become the same during a predeterminable period of time in which the sections of the first web taken up by the conveying elements are separated by simultaneously guiding the forward conveying element on the curve section c in the direction of rotation and the subsequent conveying element on the curve section a Angular velocity maintained.
  • This same angular velocity results from the fact that both curve sections a and c are circular sections running concentrically to the drive axis.
  • the angular range over which the two adjacent conveying elements are guided together on a concentric circular arc section in each case can be freely selected within certain limits.
  • a special embodiment of the clamping device on the individual conveyor elements for receiving and transferring the sections of the first track is the subject of claim 4.
  • the conveying elements 1 rotate around the central axis at different angular speeds per revolution.
  • the conveyor elements 1 are driven via a drive disk 2, which rotates about the same axis as the conveyor elements 1.
  • the individual conveyor elements are each connected to the drive disk 2 via a first lever 3 and a second lever 4.
  • the first levers are rotatably mounted on an identical pitch circle in axes 5 parallel to the central axis.
  • the second levers are each rotatably supported at a point 6 located at the same point on each conveyor element 1 in the same way as the first levers 3 in the axes 5.
  • the first levers 3 and the second levers 4 are each connected to one another in joints 7.
  • the remaining free ends of the first levers are positively guided on a cam track 8.
  • the shape of the cam track 8 is designed so that the angular velocity of the conveyor elements 1 changes over one revolution.
  • the cam disc has 8 sections a-d.
  • Section a extends over an angular range of 180 ° and section c extends over approximately 30 °. These two sections are also concentric arcs running around the drive axis. Since the articulation points 5 and 6 of the levers 3 and 4 connected to the conveying elements are also guided on circular paths concentric to the drive axis, the conveying elements 1 each have constant angular velocities that match the drive disk 2 when guided on the curve sections a and c. On the other hand, in sections b and d there is a deceleration or an acceleration of the conveying elements 1 guided there.
  • a first material web 9 to be separated into strip sections is fed to the application device in an area in which two conveying elements 1 are brought together at a minimal, extremely small distance. After the minimum distance has been reached, the first material web 9 is fixed at the front end in the direction of rotation of the conveying element which is at the rear in the direction of rotation by closing the clamping device 12. At about the same time, the clamping device 12 of the rear end of the front conveyor element 1 fixes the free end of the part of the material web 9 that is already on the front conveyor element 1. Then the two adjacent conveyor elements 1 move by simultaneous guidance on the curve sections a (rear conveyor element ) and c (front conveyor element) over an angular range of approx. 30 ° at the same speed. In this phase, a traveling knife 10 separates a first strip section lying on the front conveyor element.
  • the first material web 9 can be made of elastic material which is fed in such a way that it rests on the receiving conveying element in a stretched state between the clamping devices 12 provided there. When transferring to the conveying element is simultaneously coated with adhesive by an adhesive application device 18, the area of the first material web 9 lying between the clamping devices 12.
  • the front of the adjacent conveyor elements 1 accelerates by guiding on the curve section d.
  • the subsequent conveyor element slows down its speed by guiding it on the curve section B.
  • phase of divergence continues until the two conveying elements have a distance between their receiving surfaces for the strip sections of the first material web 9 which corresponds to that which is desired on the second material web 11 to which the strip sections are to be applied, between the applied strip sections is.
  • the conveyor element now moves over the entire length of this curve section at a constant angular velocity corresponding to the drive disk 2.
  • the second material web 11 is fed continuously to the conveying elements at a speed corresponding to the peripheral speed of the conveying elements in this area and is contacted via a pressure roller 19 with the adhesive layer of the strip sections of the first material web 9.
  • the second material web 11 is only removed from the circumferential path of the conveying elements 1 approximately 90 ° after the first contact point on the pressure roller 19.
  • the possibility of achieving such a long contact time between the second material web 11 and the strip sections of the first material web 9 fixed in a stretched state on the conveyor elements 1 is a very significant advantage of the application device constructed according to the invention.
  • the length of the contact time can be freely selected within wide limits by appropriate design of the individual curve sections a-d which are not in a fixed relationship to one another and the determination of the feed and discharge points for the second material web 11.
  • the clamping devices 12 release the fixed stretched strip sections on the conveying elements 1 only shortly before the second material web 11 is deflected from the orbit of the conveying elements.
  • the clamping devices 12 mentioned above consist of a pivotable angle lever 13, of which one leg can be pressed onto the receiving surface of the respective conveying element 1.
  • the pivoting takes place about axles 14 which are firmly connected to the conveyor elements.
  • the clamping device 12 When the clamping device 12 is open, the short leg of the angle lever 13 is pivoted completely out of the area of the receiving surface of the conveyor element 1.
  • the control of the swiveling movement about the axes 14 takes place by means of a cam disk 15.
  • a control cam 16 is provided in this cam disk 15, in which a control pin 17, which is firmly connected to the angle levers, engages from the angle levers 13.
  • the receiving surfaces of the conveyor elements for the strip sections of the first material web 9 can of course also with any other type of fixing devices, such as. B. suction holes.
  • the control of the clamping devices 12 provided here does not have to take place via a cam, but can also be implemented hydraulically as well.
  • the inventive method and the device described by way of example are particularly suitable for diapers such.
  • the diapers are preferably disposable diapers obtained by separating from a material web consisting of several components. In the manufacture of such diapers, it is possible with the method according to the invention and the device specified for this purpose to continuously apply the elastic band to be applied in the leg areas from an endless roll and yet to apply the individual strip sections at a distance from one another to the moving diaper material web while maintaining sufficiently long contact times.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft eine Vorrichtung zum Aufbringen von gedehnten Streifenabschnitten einer ersten elastischen Materialbahn - auf diskrete, in einem vorbestimmten Abstand hintereinanderliegende Bereiche einer zweiten, sich kontinuierlich bewegenden Materialbahn gemäß Oberbegriff des Anspruchs 1.The invention relates to a device for applying stretched strip sections of a first elastic material web - to discrete regions of a second, continuously moving material web lying one behind the other at a predetermined distance, according to the preamble of claim 1.

Eine solche Vorrichtung ist aus der US-PS 3,963,557 bekannt. Sie dient dazu, von einem kontinuierlich mit gleicher Geschwindigkeit zugeführten Endlosband abgetrennte Abschnitte definierter Länge in Abständen zueinander auf einem zweiten, ebenfalls kontinuierlich mit gleicher Geschwindigkeit zugeführten Band klebend aufzubringen.Such a device is known from US Pat. No. 3,963,557. It is used to apply sections of a defined length separated from a continuous belt fed continuously at the same speed at intervals from one another on a second belt also fed continuously at the same speed.

Bei der bekannten Vorrichtung wird dies dadurch erreicht, daß von dem ersten Bandmaterial in definierter Länge abgetrennte Streifenabschnitte von Förderelementen aufgenommen und auf die zweite Bahn übertragen werden, deren Fördergeschwindigkeit nach der Abtrennung eines Streifenabschnittes von der ersten Materialbahn bis zur Erreichung eines vorbestimmten Abstandes zu dem nachfolgenden Streienabschnitt zunimmt. Nach Übergabe des Streifenabschnittes auf die zweite Materialbahn geht die Fördergeschwindigkeit des betreffenden Förderelementes wieder bis auf den geringeren Wert zurück, bei dem wieder ein neuer Streifenabschnitt von der ersten Materialbahn zur Übertragung auf die zweite Materialbahn übernommen wird.In the known device, this is achieved in that strip sections separated from the first strip material in a defined length are taken up by conveying elements and transferred to the second web, the conveying speed of which after the separation of a strip section from the first material web until a predetermined distance from the subsequent one is reached Section section increases. After the strip section has been transferred to the second material web, the conveying speed of the relevant conveying element drops back to the lower value at which a new strip section is again taken over by the first material web for transfer to the second material web.

Bei der aus der US-PS 3,963,557 bekannten Vorrichtung rotieren die Förderelemente mit unterschiedlicher Winkelgeschwindigkeit um eine Achse. Die unterschiedliche Winkelgeschwindigkeit wird dadurch erreicht, daß die auf der Achse rotierenden Förderelemente durch eine Antriebsscheibe angetrieben werden, die auf einer parallel versetzten Achse rotiert und radiale Führungsnuten aufweist, in die an den Förderelementen angebrachte Mitnehmer zur Kraftübertragung eingreifen. Durch eine solche exzentrische Lagerung der Antriebsscheibe und der rotierenden Förderelemente wandern die Mitnehmer der Förderelemente während einer Umdrehung eines Förderelementes innerhalb der Führungsnut der Antriebsscheibe von einem radial minimalen Abstand zur Rotationsachse der Antriebsscheibe bis zu einem radial maximalen größeren Abstand. Diese in radialer Richtung variierende Angriffspunktverschiebung zwischen Antriebsachse und Förderelement bewirkt die gewünschte unterschiedliche Winkelgeschwindigkeit der Förderelemente bei deren Rotation.In the device known from US Pat. No. 3,963,557, the conveyor elements rotate about an axis at different angular speeds. The different angular velocity is achieved in that the conveying elements rotating on the axis are driven by a drive disk which rotates on an axially offset axis and has radial guide grooves, into which drivers for power transmission attached to the conveying elements engage. Through such an eccentric mounting of the drive pulley and the rotating conveying elements, the drivers of the conveying elements move during a revolution of a conveying element within the guide groove of the drive pulley from a radially minimal distance to the axis of rotation of the drive pulley up to a radially maximum larger distance. This shifting of the point of application, which varies in the radial direction, between the drive axis and the conveying element brings about the desired different angular velocity of the conveying elements during their rotation.

Bei dem Verfahren mit jener Vorrichtung variiert die Winkelgeschwindigkeit zwangsläufig über den gesamten Umfangsbereich, d. h. auf dem gesamten Umfang gibt es keinen Punkt, an dem die Förderelemente nicht ihre Geschwindigkeit verändern. Dies ist bei dem Aufbringen von von einem ersten Band abgetrennten Abschnitten, die z. B. mit Kleber versehen auf eine zweite kontinuierlich mit gleichbleibender Geschwindigkeit herangeführte Bahn klebend aufgetragen werden sollen, von Nachteil. Denn die sich stets verändernde Geschwindigkeit, mit der die aufzutragenden Abschnitte befördert werden, verhindert, daß die auf die zweite Bahn aufzutragenden Abschnitte ohne Relativbewegung zwischen dem aufzutragenden Abschnitt und der zweiten Bahn übertragen werden können. Ein Übertragen bei fehlender Relativgeschwindigkeit, d. h. gleicher Geschwindigkeit des aufzutragenden Abschnittes und der zweiten Bahn, ist zur Erzielung einwandfreier Haftbindung der Abschnitte mit der zweiten Bahn jedoch häufig unbedingt erforderlich, und zwar insbesondere dann, wenn ein Kontaktkleber verwendet wird. Dabei ist zu berücksichtigen, daß in der Praxis das Auftragen mit extrem hoher Geschwindigkeit erfolgt und daher die Kontaktzeiten zwangsläufig äußerst kurz sind. Bei stets vorhandener Relativgeschwindigkeit zwischen dem zweiten Band und den Förderelementen ist praktisch nur das Auftragen von relativ kurzen Abschnitten auf das zweite Band möglich. Bei längeren aufzutragenden Abschnitten käme es dagegen während des Auftragsvorgangs zu unzulässigen Spannungen zwischen dem aufzutragenden Abschnitt und dem zweiten Band.In the method with that device, the angular velocity inevitably varies over the entire circumferential area, i.e. H. there is no point on the entire circumference at which the conveyor elements do not change their speed. This is in the application of sections separated from a first band, which, for. B. provided with adhesive on a second continuously introduced at a constant speed web to be applied adhesive, disadvantageous. This is because the constantly changing speed at which the sections to be applied are conveyed prevents the sections to be applied to the second web from being transferred without relative movement between the section to be applied and the second web. A transfer in the absence of relative speed, i. H. same speed of the section to be applied and the second web, is often absolutely necessary to achieve perfect adhesive bonding of the sections with the second web, especially when a contact adhesive is used. It should be borne in mind that in practice the application takes place at an extremely high speed and therefore the contact times are inevitably extremely short. If there is always a relative speed between the second belt and the conveyor elements, it is practically only possible to apply relatively short sections to the second belt. With longer sections to be applied, however, there would be inadmissible tensions during the application process between the section to be applied and the second volume.

Aus der US-PS 4,297,157 sind überdies ein Verfahren und eine Vorrichtung bekannt, mit denen sich Streifen einer ersten Materialbahn auf Bereiche einer zweiten Materialbahn übertragen lassen. Auch hier ist die Länge der Bereiche der zweiten Materialbahn größer als die Länge der aufzubringenden Streifen. Bei diesem Verfahren wird die Streifenlänge dadurch eingestellt, daß die von der ersten Materialbahn abgenommenen Streifen von gegeneinander beweglichen Klemmeinrichtungen gehalten werden und der Abstand dieser Einrichtungen nach Aufnahme der Streifenabschnitte vermindert wird, bis die gewünschte Länge erreicht ist. Ein wesentlicher Nachteil dieses Verfahrens ist es, daß die Streifen über die beim Übertragen auf die zweite Materialbahn notwendige Länge hinaus gedehnt werden , und dadurch aufgrund der Hysterese des Materials einen irreversiblen Spannungsverlust erleiden.From US Pat. No. 4,297,157 a method and a device are also known with which strips of a first material web can be transferred to regions of a second material web. Here too, the length of the areas of the second material web is greater than the length of the strips to be applied. In this method, the strip length is adjusted in that the strips removed from the first material web are held by clamping devices which can be moved relative to one another and the distance between these devices is reduced after the strip sections have been received until the desired length is reached. A major disadvantage of this method is that the strips are stretched beyond the length necessary for the transfer to the second material web, and as a result suffer an irreversible loss of tension due to the hysteresis of the material.

Es ist daher Aufgabe der Erfindung, eine Vorrichtung zu schaffen, mit der sich eine optimale Verbindung von Streifen einer ersten Materialbahn mit Bereichen einer zweiten Materialbahn herstellen läßt.It is therefore an object of the invention to provide a device with which an optimal connection of strips of a first material web with regions of a second material web can be produced.

Diese Aufgabe wird bei einer Vorrichtung der eingangs genannten Art mit Hilfe der in Anspruch 1 genannten Merkmale gelöst. Dadurch, daß der Streifen der ersten Materialbahn bei der Übertragung auf die zweite Materialbahn mit einer konstanten Geschwindigkeit bewegt wird, die der der zweiten Materialbahn entspricht, ist gewährleistet, daß auch bei den hohen Umlaufgeschwindigkeiten der die Streifenabschnitte haltenden Förderelemente eine optimale Klebeverbindung zwischen Streifen und zweiter Materialbahn erzielt wird.This object is achieved in a device of the type mentioned with the help of the features mentioned in claim 1. Characterized in that the strip of the first material web is moved at a constant speed during the transfer to the second material web, which corresponds to that of the second material web, it is ensured that even at the high speeds of the conveyor elements holding the strip sections, an optimal adhesive connection between strip and second material web is achieved.

Die Größe der Winkelbereiche, über die sich die einzelnen Kurvenabschnitte erstrecken, ist in großen Grenzen frei wählbar.The size of the angular ranges over which the individual curve sections extend can be freely selected within wide limits.

Vorteilhafterweise nimmt der Kurvenabschnitt a, in dem die Hebel der Vorderelemente während der Übernahme der zweiten Materialbahn und deren Verbindung mit den von der ersten Bahn abgetrennten Abschnitten geführt sind, einen Winkelbereich von mindestens 150° bis 180° ein. Auf diese Weise kann die kontinuierlich mit konstanter Geschwindigkeit zuzuführende zweite Bahn über einen relativ großen Winkelbereich in Kontakt mit demjenigen Förderelement geführt werden, von dem der von der ersten Bahn abgetrennte und mit einem Klebstoff versehene Streifenabschnitt auf den jeweils in Frage kommenden Bereich der zweiten Materialbahn übertragen wird. Voraussetzung für ein über einen größeren Winkelbereich erfolgendes Kontaktieren zwischen einem Förderelement und der zweiten Materialbahn, insbesondere wenn diese aus einem nicht-dehnbaren Material besteht, ist eine konstante Winkelgeschwindigkeit des Förderelementes während der gesamten Kontaktzeit, in der die Fördergeschwindigkeit der zweiten Materialbahn mit der Umfangsgeschwindigkeit des betreffenden Förderelementes exakt übereinstimmen muß. Andernfalls wäre eine konstante Zuführgeschwindigkeit der zweiten Bahn nicht möglich.Advantageously, the curve section a, in which the levers of the front elements are guided during the transfer of the second material web and its connection to the sections separated from the first web, takes up an angular range of at least 150 ° to 180 °. In this way, the second web, which is to be fed continuously at a constant speed, can be guided over a relatively large angular range into contact with the conveying element from which the strip section separated from the first web and provided with an adhesive transfers to the region of the second material web in question becomes. A prerequisite for contact between a conveying element and the second material web over a larger angular range, in particular if this consists of a non-stretchable material, is a constant angular velocity of the conveying element during the entire contact time, in which the conveying speed of the second material web with the peripheral speed of the relevant conveyor element must match exactly. Otherwise a constant feed speed of the second web would not be possible.

Die auf minimalem Abstand aneinander geführten Förderelemente werden während eines vorbestimmbaren Zeitraumes, in dem das Abtrennen der von den Förderelementen aufgenommenen Abschnitte der ersten Bahn erfolgt, durch gleichzeitiges Führen des in Rotationsrichtung vorderen Förderelementes auf dem Kurvenabschnitt c und des nachfolgenden Förderelementes auf dem Kurvenabschnitt a auf gleicher Winkelgeschwindigkeit gehalten. Diese gleiche Winkelgeschwindigkeit ergibt sich aus dem Umstand, daß beide Kurvenabschnitte a und c konzentrisch zur Antriebsachse verlaufende Kreisabschnitte sind. Der Winkelbereich, auf dem die beiden benachbarten Förderelemente gemeinsam auf jeweils einem konzentrischen Kreisbogenabschnitt geführt werden, ist in bestimmten Grenzen frei wählbar.The conveying elements guided at a minimal distance from one another become the same during a predeterminable period of time in which the sections of the first web taken up by the conveying elements are separated by simultaneously guiding the forward conveying element on the curve section c in the direction of rotation and the subsequent conveying element on the curve section a Angular velocity maintained. This same angular velocity results from the fact that both curve sections a and c are circular sections running concentrically to the drive axis. The angular range over which the two adjacent conveying elements are guided together on a concentric circular arc section in each case can be freely selected within certain limits.

Eine besondere Ausgestaltung der Klemmeinrichtung an den einzelnen Förderelementen zum Aufnehmen und Übertragen der Abschnitte der ersten Bahn ist Gegenstand des Patentanspruchs 4.A special embodiment of the clamping device on the individual conveyor elements for receiving and transferring the sections of the first track is the subject of claim 4.

Ein Ausführungsbeispiel ist in der Zeichnung dargestellt. Es zeigen :

  • Fig. 1 den schematischen Aufbau der Vorrichtung in Form einer Ansicht,
  • Fig. 2 die in schematischer Form in Fig. 1 dargestellte Vorrichtung in einer Ansicht von hinten,
  • Fig. 3 einen Teil der an den Förderelementen angreifenden Klemmeinrichtung nach der in Fig. 1 mit Pfeil 111 angegebenen Ansicht in Form eines Ausschnittes.
An embodiment is shown in the drawing. Show it :
  • 1 shows the schematic structure of the device in the form of a view,
  • 2 shows the device shown in schematic form in FIG. 1 in a view from behind,
  • Fig. 3 shows a part of the clamping device acting on the conveyor elements according to the view indicated by arrow 111 in Fig. 1 in the form of a cutout.

In der Aufbringvorrichtung rotieren die Förderelemente 1 je Umdrehung mit unterschiedlicher Winkelgeschwindigkeit um die Mittelachse. Der Antrieb der Förderelemente 1 erfolgt über eine Antriebsscheibe 2, die um die gleiche Achse rotiert wie die Förderelemente 1. Mit der Antriebsscheibe 2 sind die einzelnen Förderelemente jeweils über einen ersten Hebel 3 sowie einen zweiten Hebel 4 verbunden. An der Antriebsscheibe 2 selbst sind die ersten Hebel auf einem gleichen Teilkreis in zur Mittelachse parallelen Achsen 5 drehbar gelagert. Die zweiten Hebel sind jeweils an einem bei jedem Förderelement 1 an der gleichen Stelle liegenden Punkt 6 in gleicher Weise drehbar gelagert wie die ersten Hebel 3 in den Achsen 5. Die ersten Hebel 3 und die zweiten Hebel 4 sind jeweils in Gelenken 7 miteinander verbunden. Die noch verbleibenden freien Enden der ersten Hebel sind auf einer Kurvenbahn 8 zwangsgeführt. Die Form der Kurvenbahn 8 ist so ausgelegt, daß sich die Winkelgeschwindigkeit der Förderelemente 1 auf einer Umdrehung verändert.In the application device, the conveying elements 1 rotate around the central axis at different angular speeds per revolution. The conveyor elements 1 are driven via a drive disk 2, which rotates about the same axis as the conveyor elements 1. The individual conveyor elements are each connected to the drive disk 2 via a first lever 3 and a second lever 4. On the drive pulley 2 itself, the first levers are rotatably mounted on an identical pitch circle in axes 5 parallel to the central axis. The second levers are each rotatably supported at a point 6 located at the same point on each conveyor element 1 in the same way as the first levers 3 in the axes 5. The first levers 3 and the second levers 4 are each connected to one another in joints 7. The remaining free ends of the first levers are positively guided on a cam track 8. The shape of the cam track 8 is designed so that the angular velocity of the conveyor elements 1 changes over one revolution.

Zu diesem Zweck weist die Kurvenscheibe 8 Abschnitte a-d auf. Davon erstreckt sich der Abschnitt a über einen Winkelbereich von 180° und der Abschnitt c über etwa 30°. Diese beiden Abschnitte sind ferner konzentrisch um die Antriebsachse verlaufende Kreisbögen. Da auch die Anlenkpunkte 5 und 6 der mit den Förderelementen verbundenen Hebel 3 und 4 auf zur Antriebsachse konzentrischen Kreisbahnen geführt werden, weisen die Förderelemente 1 bei Führung auf den Kurvenabschnitten a und c jeweils konstante, mit der Antriebsscheibe 2 übereinstimmende Winkelgeschwindigkeiten auf. Auf den Abschnitten b und d erfolgt dagegen eine Verzögerung bzw. eine Beschleunigung der dort jeweils geführten Förderelemente 1.For this purpose, the cam disc has 8 sections a-d. Section a extends over an angular range of 180 ° and section c extends over approximately 30 °. These two sections are also concentric arcs running around the drive axis. Since the articulation points 5 and 6 of the levers 3 and 4 connected to the conveying elements are also guided on circular paths concentric to the drive axis, the conveying elements 1 each have constant angular velocities that match the drive disk 2 when guided on the curve sections a and c. On the other hand, in sections b and d there is a deceleration or an acceleration of the conveying elements 1 guided there.

Eine in Streifenabschnitte aufzutrennende erste Materialbahn 9 wird der Aufbringvorrichtung in einem Bereich zugeführt, in dem zwei Förderelemente 1 auf minimalen, äußerst geringen Abstand aneinandergeführt sind. Nach Erreichen des minimalen Abstandes wird die erste Materialbahn 9 an dem in Rotationsrichtung vorderen Ende des in Rotationsrichtung hinteren Förderelements durch Schließen der Klemmvorrichtung 12 fixiert. Etwa gleichzeitig fixiert die Klemmvorrichtung 12 des hinteren Endes des vorderen Förderelementes 1 dort das noch freie Ende des auf dem vorderen Förderelement 1 sich bereits befindlichen Teils der Materialbahn 9. Sodann bewegen sich die beiden benachbarten Förderelemente 1 durch gleichzeitige Führung auf den Kurvenabschnitten a (hinteres Förderelement) und c (vorderes Förderelement) über einen Winkelbereich von ca. 30° mit gleicher Geschwindigkeit. In dieser Phase trennt ein mitlaufendes Messer 10 einen ersten, auf dem vorderen Förderelement liegenden Streifenabschnitt ab.A first material web 9 to be separated into strip sections is fed to the application device in an area in which two conveying elements 1 are brought together at a minimal, extremely small distance. After the minimum distance has been reached, the first material web 9 is fixed at the front end in the direction of rotation of the conveying element which is at the rear in the direction of rotation by closing the clamping device 12. At about the same time, the clamping device 12 of the rear end of the front conveyor element 1 fixes the free end of the part of the material web 9 that is already on the front conveyor element 1. Then the two adjacent conveyor elements 1 move by simultaneous guidance on the curve sections a (rear conveyor element ) and c (front conveyor element) over an angular range of approx. 30 ° at the same speed. In this phase, a traveling knife 10 separates a first strip section lying on the front conveyor element.

Die erste Materialbahn 9 kann aus elastischem Material sein, das so zugeführt wird, daß es auf dem aufnehmenden Förderelement in gedehntem Zustand zwischen den dort vorgesehenen Klemmvorrichtungen 12 aufliegt. Beim Übertragen auf das Förderelement wird gleichzeitig durch eine Klebstoffauftragvorrichtung 18 der zwischen den Klemmvorrichtungen 12 liegende Bereich der ersten Materialbahn 9 mit Klebstoff beschichtet.The first material web 9 can be made of elastic material which is fed in such a way that it rests on the receiving conveying element in a stretched state between the clamping devices 12 provided there. When transferring to the conveying element is simultaneously coated with adhesive by an adhesive application device 18, the area of the first material web 9 lying between the clamping devices 12.

Nach erfolgter Abtrennung eines Streifenabschnittes durch das Messer 10 beschleunigt das vordere der benachbarten Förderelemente 1 durch Führung auf dem Kurvenabschnitt d. Das nachfolgende Förderelement verlangsamt dagegen seine Geschwindigkeit durch Führung auf dem Kurvenabschnitt B.After separation of a strip section by the knife 10, the front of the adjacent conveyor elements 1 accelerates by guiding on the curve section d. The subsequent conveyor element, on the other hand, slows down its speed by guiding it on the curve section B.

Die Phase des Auseinanderlaufens dauert so lange an, bis die beiden Förderelemente zwischen ihren Aufnahmeflächen für die Streifenabschnitte der ersten Materialbahn 9 einen Abstand aufweisen, der demjenigen entspricht, der auf der zweiten Materialbahn 11, auf die die Streifenabschnitte aufzubringen sind, zwischen den aufgebrachten Streifenabschnitten gewünscht ist.The phase of divergence continues until the two conveying elements have a distance between their receiving surfaces for the strip sections of the first material web 9 which corresponds to that which is desired on the second material web 11 to which the strip sections are to be applied, between the applied strip sections is.

Wenn dieser Abstand erreicht ist, wird die Führung des jeweils vorderen Förderelements von dem Kurvenabschnitt a übernommen, d. h. das Förderelement bewegt sich fortan über die gesamte Länge dieses Kurvenabschnitts mit konstanter, der Antriebsscheibe 2 entsprechender Winkelgeschwindigkeit. In diesem Führungsbereich wird die zweite Materialbahn 11 den Förderelementen mit einer der Umfangsgeschwindigkeit der Förderelemente in diesem Bereich entsprechenden Geschwindigkeit kontinuierlich zugeführt und über eine Andrückrolle 19 mit der Klebstoffschicht der Streifenabschnitte der ersten Materialbahn 9 kontaktiert. Abgeführt wird die zweite Materialbahn 11 von der Umfangsbahn der Förderelemente 1 erst etwa 90° nach der ersten Kontaktstelle an der Andrückrolle 19.When this distance is reached, the guidance of the respective front conveying element is taken over by the curve section a, i. H. the conveyor element now moves over the entire length of this curve section at a constant angular velocity corresponding to the drive disk 2. In this guide area, the second material web 11 is fed continuously to the conveying elements at a speed corresponding to the peripheral speed of the conveying elements in this area and is contacted via a pressure roller 19 with the adhesive layer of the strip sections of the first material web 9. The second material web 11 is only removed from the circumferential path of the conveying elements 1 approximately 90 ° after the first contact point on the pressure roller 19.

In der Möglichkeit der Erzielung einer derart langen Kontaktzeit zwischen der zweiten Materialbahn 11 und den auf den Förderelementen 1 in gedehntem Zustand fixierten Streifenabschnitten der ersten Materialbahn 9 liegt ein ganz wesentlicher Vorteil der erfindungsgemäß aufgebauten Aufbringvorrichtung. Die Länge der Kontaktzeit ist dabei in großen Grenzen durch entsprechende Auslegung der einzelnen in keinem festen Verhältnis zueinander stehenden Kurvenabschnitte a-d sowie der Festlegung der Zu- und Abführstellen für die zweite Materialbahn 11 frei wählbar. Die Klemmvorrichtungen 12 geben die fixierten gedehnten Streifenabschnitte auf den Förderelementen 1 erst kurz vor Ablenkung der zweiten Materialbahn 11 aus der Umlaufbahn der Förderelemente frei.The possibility of achieving such a long contact time between the second material web 11 and the strip sections of the first material web 9 fixed in a stretched state on the conveyor elements 1 is a very significant advantage of the application device constructed according to the invention. The length of the contact time can be freely selected within wide limits by appropriate design of the individual curve sections a-d which are not in a fixed relationship to one another and the determination of the feed and discharge points for the second material web 11. The clamping devices 12 release the fixed stretched strip sections on the conveying elements 1 only shortly before the second material web 11 is deflected from the orbit of the conveying elements.

Nach Freigabe der Streifenabschnitte werden die Förderelemente. in dem an den Kurvenabschnitt b angrenzenden Endbereich des Kurvenabschnitts a wieder zur Auf nähme eines weiteren Streifenabschnittes der ersten Materialbahn 9 an das vorauslaufende, seine Geschwindigkeit verzögernde Förderelement 1 herangeführt, und ein neuer Übertragungszyklus beginnt.After the strip sections are released, the conveyor elements. in the end region of the curve section a adjoining the curve section b again to take on a further strip section of the first material web 9 to the leading conveyor element 1 which slows down its speed, and a new transmission cycle begins.

Die vorstehend erwähnten Klemmvorrichtungen 12 bestehen aus einem schwenkbaren Winkelhebel 13, von dem ein Schenkel an die Aufnahmefläche des jeweiligen Förderelementes 1 andrückbar ist. Das Schwenken erfolgt um mit den Förderelementen jeweils fest verbundene Achsen 14. Bei geöffneter Klemmvorrichtung 12 ist der kurze Schenkel des Winkelhebels 13 vollständig aus dem Bereich der Aufnahmefläche des Förderelementes 1 herausgeschwenkt. Die Steuerung der Schwenkbewegung um die Achsen 14 erfolgt durch eine Kurvenscheibe 15. In dieser Kurvenscheibe 15 ist eine Steuerkurve 16 vorgesehen, in die von den Winkelhebeln 13 ein fest mit den Winkelhebeln verbundener Steuerstift 17 eingreift.The clamping devices 12 mentioned above consist of a pivotable angle lever 13, of which one leg can be pressed onto the receiving surface of the respective conveying element 1. The pivoting takes place about axles 14 which are firmly connected to the conveyor elements. When the clamping device 12 is open, the short leg of the angle lever 13 is pivoted completely out of the area of the receiving surface of the conveyor element 1. The control of the swiveling movement about the axes 14 takes place by means of a cam disk 15. A control cam 16 is provided in this cam disk 15, in which a control pin 17, which is firmly connected to the angle levers, engages from the angle levers 13.

Die Aufnahmeflächen der Förderelemente für die Streifenabschnitte der ersten Materialbahn 9 können selbstverständlich auch mit jeder anderen Art von Fixiereinrichtungen, wie z. B. Saugbohrungen, versehen sein. Andererseits muß auch die Steuerung der hier vorgesehenen Klemmvorrichtungen 12 nicht über eine Kurvenscheibe erfolgen, sondern kann ebenso gut hydraulisch verwirklicht werden.The receiving surfaces of the conveyor elements for the strip sections of the first material web 9 can of course also with any other type of fixing devices, such as. B. suction holes. On the other hand, the control of the clamping devices 12 provided here does not have to take place via a cam, but can also be implemented hydraulically as well.

Das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren und die dazu beispielhaft beschriebene Vorrichtung eignen sich insbesondere dazu, bei Windeln, z. B. im Bereich der Beinabschnitte, elastisches Band in gedehntem Zustand lediglich auf den Bereich begrenzt aufzubringen, in dem der zu raffende Beinabschnitt der Windeln liegt. Bei den Windeln handelt es sich dabei bevorzugt um Wegwerfwindein, die durch Abtrennen von einer aus mehreren Bestandteilen bestehenden Materialbahn gewonnen werden. Bei der Herstellung solcher Windeln ist es mit dem erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren und der dazu angegebenen Vorrichtung möglich, das elastische in den Beinbereichen aufzubringende Band kontinuierlich von einer Endlosrolle aufzubringen und dennoch die einzelnen Streifenabschnitte mit Abstand zueinander auf die sich bewegende Windelmaterialbahn unter Einhaltung ausreichend langer Kontaktzeiten aufzubringen.The inventive method and the device described by way of example are particularly suitable for diapers such. B. in the area of the leg sections, elastic band in the stretched state only to be limited to the area in which the leg section of the diapers to be gathered is located. The diapers are preferably disposable diapers obtained by separating from a material web consisting of several components. In the manufacture of such diapers, it is possible with the method according to the invention and the device specified for this purpose to continuously apply the elastic band to be applied in the leg areas from an endless roll and yet to apply the individual strip sections at a distance from one another to the moving diaper material web while maintaining sufficiently long contact times.

Claims (5)

1. Device for applying stretched tags of a first elastic web of material (9) to discrete regions lying at a predetermined distance one behind the other on a continuously moving second web of material (11), wherein a plurality of conveying elements (1) rotates on a common axle, each having a receiving surface which lies and rotates on an identical circular circumference and can be placed against the two webs of material one of which is arranged behind the other, and wherein the conveying elements (1) are circumferentially spaced and vary their angular velocity per rotation in such a specified way that two conveying elements are arranged with one at a minimal distance behind the other in a first predetermined position in which the first web of material (9) is placed on the receiving surfaces of the conveying elements (1), and the front conveying element in terms of the direction of movement moves out of this position at a higher angular velocity than the neighbouring conveying element (1) following it, thereby increasing the spacing between them, and, after a spacing has been reached at which the tags which have been taken along are to be applied to the second web of material (11), transfers the tags in a second predetermined position to the second web of material (11), characterized by the features :
a) A driving disc (2) rotates on the axle of the conveying elements (1).
b) On a graduated circle of the driving disc (2), one first lever (3) per conveying element (1) is rotatably mounted in an axle (5) parallel to the common axle of the conveying elements (1).
c) The radially inner end of each first lever (3) is guidable on a predetermined curved path (8).
d) A second lever (4) is articulatedly connected to each radially outer end of each first lever.
e) The second levers (4) are each articulatedly connected to one conveying element (1 ).
f) The points of articulation (6) for the second levers (4) lie at the same place on each conveying element (1).
g) The curved path (8) is divided up into four successive sections (a, b, c, d), two generally oppositely arranged sections (a, c) of which are arcs of a circle which are concentric with the common axle of the conveying element (1), with one of the sections being designed as a curved path (b) with a radius increasing from the common axle and one as a curved path (d) with a radius decreasing from the common axle.
h) The first curved section (a) in which the conveying elements (1) are guided during takeover of the second web of material (11) and its connection with the tags of the first web of material (9) extends over an angular area which is selected such that each conveying element is moved at a constant angular velocity over a distance corresponding to at least the length of the tags, thereby to apply a tag to the second web of material (11), with the velocity of the conveying elements (1) corresponding to that of the second web of material (11).
2. Device as defined in Claim 1, characterized in that the first curved section (a) serves to guide the conveying elements (1) during takeover of the second web of material (11) and its connection with the tags of the first web of material (9) and extends over an angular area of at least 150 degrees to approximately 180 degrees.
3. Device as defined in Claims 1 or 2, characterized in that the neighbouring conveying elements are spaced at a minimal distance during separation of the tags from the first web of material by a knife (10), with the front conveying element (1) in terms of the direction of rotation being guided on the curved section (c) and the neighbouring conveying element (1) following it being guided on the first curved section (a) for a predeterminable equal period of time.
4. Device as defined in one of Claims 1 to 3, wherein the beginning and the end of the receiving surface of a conveying element (1) in terms of its circumference are each engaged by a clamping device (12) which is closed or open in certain angular positions of the clamping elements (1), characterized in that the clamping device (12) is an angular lever (13) which can swivel about an axis parallel to the circular arc-shaped receiving surface of the conveying elements, with one of its legs being adapted to be pressed against the receiving surface of the conveying. element (1) and its other leg to be alternately swivelled into the open and closed positions by guidance via a control pin (17) on a cam plate (15).
5. Use of a device as defined in one of Claims 1 to 4 for manufacturing disposable diapers consisting of sections of web material with leg end regions extending in the longitudinal direction of the sections of web material and covering only part of the length between the ends of the sections of web material.
EP84112507A 1983-10-21 1984-10-17 Device for successively removing and applying tags from and to spaced regions on a web of material Expired EP0141338B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE3338306 1983-10-21
DE19833338306 DE3338306A1 (en) 1983-10-21 1983-10-21 Method of applying an elastic strip to predetermined, successive portions of a web of material, in particular for producing nappies, and device for carrying out the method
DE3431910 1984-08-30
DE19843431910 DE3431910A1 (en) 1984-08-30 1984-08-30 Device for separating and applying strip sections to successive, spaced-apart regions of a web of material

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0141338A1 EP0141338A1 (en) 1985-05-15
EP0141338B1 true EP0141338B1 (en) 1989-01-11

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EP84112507A Expired EP0141338B1 (en) 1983-10-21 1984-10-17 Device for successively removing and applying tags from and to spaced regions on a web of material

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EP (1) EP0141338B1 (en)
DE (1) DE3476049D1 (en)

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US9463942B2 (en) 2013-09-24 2016-10-11 The Procter & Gamble Company Apparatus for positioning an advancing web
PL3028687T3 (en) * 2014-12-05 2017-09-29 Fameccanica.Data S.P.A. Apparatus and method for producing a composite elasticized web with intermittent elastic sections
US9511952B1 (en) 2015-06-23 2016-12-06 The Procter & Gamble Company Methods for transferring discrete articles
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DE3476049D1 (en) 1989-02-16
EP0141338A1 (en) 1985-05-15
US4610751A (en) 1986-09-09

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