EP0086926A1 - An arrangement for orientating a guide device when drilling curved holes in rock - Google Patents
An arrangement for orientating a guide device when drilling curved holes in rock Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0086926A1 EP0086926A1 EP82850034A EP82850034A EP0086926A1 EP 0086926 A1 EP0086926 A1 EP 0086926A1 EP 82850034 A EP82850034 A EP 82850034A EP 82850034 A EP82850034 A EP 82850034A EP 0086926 A1 EP0086926 A1 EP 0086926A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- sensor
- guide tube
- housing
- magnet
- electrically conductive
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
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Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B7/00—Special methods or apparatus for drilling
- E21B7/04—Directional drilling
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B47/00—Survey of boreholes or wells
- E21B47/02—Determining slope or direction
- E21B47/024—Determining slope or direction of devices in the borehole
Definitions
- the invention relates to an arrangement for use when drilling curved holes by means of a drill bit which is rotatable relative to a guide tube and the axis of rotation of which forms an angle with the centre axis of the guide tube, said arrangement being intended for determining the position of the plane passing through said axis of rotation and said centre axis.
- the manner in which the guide device must be orientated in a drill hole in order to make the necessary correction to said hole can, in principle, be determined in two ways.
- the drill hole is studied with a drill-hole camera, as proposed in Swedish Patent Specification No 73 04122-0.
- a series of marked tubes are connected together externally of the drill hole and then used to position the guide device in said hole.
- the first method is both time consuming and relatively complicated, but can be applied with.drill holes of any depth.
- the second method is limited to holes of moderate depth, because it is not possible to estimate the torsion in which the assembled tubes are subjected over longer distances, or the different conditions prevailing in different drill holes.
- a prime object of the present invention is to provide an arrangement with which the orientation of the plane passing through the axis of rotation of the drill bit and through the centre axis-of the guide tube can be readily determined in a simple and positive fasion, thereby to enable the guide device, i.e.the guide tube and the drill bit, to be set to the necessary position for the curved correcting hole to be drilled correctly.
- Figure 1 illustrates an embodiment of a guide device according to Swedish Patent Specification No 78 02488-2, although the invention can be applied with any type of guide device, whatsoever, which is intended for drilling crooked holes, for example a device according to US Patent Specification No 2 631 820.
- the guide device illustrated in Figure 1 includes a straight guide tube 1 and a drive shaft 2.
- the shaft is non-rotatably connected at one end thereof, through a spline coupling (not shown), to a spindle 3 which is mounted for rotation on the end of the guide tube 1 and arranged to co-act with an axial bearing 4.
- Non-rotatably connected to the spindle is a drill bit 5.
- the axis of rotation 6 of the drill bit 5 forms an angle ---with the centre axis 7 of the guide tube 1, and the plane through the axis of rotation 6 and the centre axis 7 must be orientated relative to the plane of the deflection of the drilled, crooked hole, in order to enable said hole to be corrected to the intended drilling line.
- the plane through the axes 6 and 7 must be orientated so as to coincide with the intended plane of curvature, which applies both to the case when wishing to correct a hole which deviates from a given drilling line and when wishing to drill a totally crooked or curved hole intentionally.
- Figure 2 illustrates a much simplified embodiment of the invention for determining the plane passing through the axes 6 and 7 in which the guide tube 1 and the drill bit 5 lie in. a drill hole.
- the drive shaft 2 has been withdrawn from the guide tube.
- a magnet 9 Arranged on the inside of the guide tube 1 is a magnet 9, and the tube 1, is in turn, connected to one or more liner tubes 8, which similar to the guide tube, is or are also held against rotation during a drillingoperation.
- the magnet 9 may be an electromagnet or, as with the illustrated embodiment a permanent magnet. As shown in Figures 1 and 2, the magnet 9 lies above an abutment 10.
- a metal housing 11, which in the illustrated embodiment is of cylindrical configuration is provided with slide bars 12 ( Figure 5), for positioning the housing centrally within the cylindrical guide tube 1.
- the housing 11 has a bottom wall 13 and an upper cover means 14, and is preferably water tight. Extending through the cover means is an electric cable 15, which in the illustrated embodiment contains four electric conductors 16,17,18 and 19. The cable 15 passes out through the end of the upper liner tube. Conductors 18 and 19 are connected to a voltage source 20 having a central means 21, and to an electric motor 22 having an output shaft 23. The motor 22 is held firmly clamped to the inner cylindrical wall of the housing 11 by means of a sleeve 24 made of an insulating material.
- the conductor 16 is drawn through the wall of the sleeve 24 and connected electrically to the metallic shaft 23 of the motor 22 and to one terminal or pole of an indicator lamp 25, the other pole or terminal of which is connected to conductor 18, and thus to one terminal or pole, of the voltage source 20.
- the shaft 23 carries an L-shaped, narrow resilient strip of magnetic material, the one leg 26 of which is connected at one end to the shaft 23 and is in electrically conductive contact therewith, while the other leg 27-of said strip extends parallel with and, when not actuated, at a distance from the inner, cylindrical wall of the housing 11.
- An arm 28 made from an electrically conductive material is fixedly mounted on the free end of the shaft 23, said free end extending into a preferably liquid-tight chamber 29 in which the arm 28 is arranged to rotate together with the shaft 23.
- a small amount of mercury 30, or some other electrically conductive liquid Present in the cylindrical chamber 29 is a small amount of mercury 30, or some other electrically conductive liquid.
- this small amount of liquid 30 will collect at the lowest point of the chamber 29 and, in doing so, will define a vertical plane through the motor shaft 23, which lies coaxially with the guide tube. It is assumed hereinafter that the centre of the magnet 9 and the centre of the liquid 30 each lie in a plane which intersects the longitudinal geometric axis of the shaft 23, as shown in Figures 3 and 4.
- the drillingplane of the guide tube and the drill bit through the axes ' 6 and 7 will be randomly orientated.
- the motor is started, the speed of which is regulated through the central means 21, to a given number of revolutions per unit of time, for example one full turn in 72 seconds, corresponding to a rotation of 5° per second, the two sensors 27 and 28 which rotate synchronously with one another will commence this sensing movements.
- the sensor 27 When the sensor 27 is opposite the magnet 9, or enters the magnetic field generated thereby the sensor is drawn against the inner surface of the housing 11 and makes an electric circuit from one pole of the voltage source 20,through the conductor 17 to the housing 11, through the sensor 27 to the shaft 23, and through the conductor 16, through the lamp 25, to the other pole of the voltage source 20.
- the lamp 25 is thus illuminated,the length of time over which the lamp remains illuminated is determined by the circumferential length of the magnet 9, i.e. by the length of time which the sensor 27 is held attracted to the inner, electrically conductive wall of the housing 11.
- the indicating lamp 25 When the sensor 27 leaves the active region of the magnet 9, the indicating lamp 25 is extinguished, and the second sensor 28, which is angularly displaced relative the first sensor 26,27, will subsequently enter the liquid 30.
- the electrically conductive liquid which as beforementioned is preferably mercury
- a circuit is made from the voltage source 20, through the conductor 17 to the electrically conductive housing 11, the liquid 30, the sensor 28, the shaft 23, the conductor 16, through the lamp 25 and to the other pole or terminal of the voltage source 20.
- the lamp 25 is thus illuminated and the length of time over which the lamp remains lit-up is determined, in addition to the speed at which the shaft 23 rotates by the length of the arm 28 and the width of the arm at that part of the end thereof which contacts the liquid.
- the period over which the lamp is illuminated in this case is preferably selected so as to be of shorter duration than the period of illumination caused by the arm 27.
- the extent to which the plane through the axes 6 and 7 deviate from the desired plane of curvature can be readily determined by measuring the time between illumination of the lamp caused by arm 27 and that caused by arm 28, using a time-taking clock for example, whereupon a correction can be made by rotating the liner tubes fixedly connected to the guide tube until the measurements show that the plane is orientated in the manner intended.
- two or more magnets can be placed at mutually different angular distances from a vertical plane, and the rotational direction of the motor 22-reversed.
- a metal plate can be arranged adjacent the leg 27 for contact with said leg when it is attracted by the magnet 9.
- the conductor 17 is connected to the metal plate.
- the chamber 30 must be provided with a metallic wall in contact with the liquid 30, the conductor 17 also being connected to said wall.
- the conductor 16 is connected to the shaft 23 through a slide contact or the like.
- the aforedescribed arrangement can be modified in various ways, without departing from the concept of the invention.
- the sensor 26,27 can be replaced with a reed relay 31, Figure 6, carried on the shaft 23 by means of an arm (not shown).
- the relay 31 approaches the magnet 9, the contacts of the relay are closed, if the circuit to the indicator lamp 25 is made.
- the chamber 29 is preferably kept completely isolated from the remainder of the housing, by mounting sealing rings or like elements between the inner wall 31' of the chamber and the shaft 23.
- the indicator lamp 25 there can be used a writing instrument which records the time difference between the signals received, or a calculator which gives directly angular deviations between the desired plane of curvature and the plane through the axes 6 and 7.
- the sensor 26,27 and the sensor 28 are arranged to make a respective electric circuit when passing the magnet 9 or. when coming into contact with the liquid 30. It will be understood, however, that the sensors may also be arranged to break a circuit, such that a broken circuit causes the indicator lamp to be illuminated.
- An example of a modified sensor 26,27 for breaking a circuit when co-acting with the magnet 9 is illustrated in Figure 7.
- the flexible, magnetisable leg 27 of the sensor co-acts with a - contact element (not referenced) which is fixedly mounted on an arm (not shown) on the shaft 23 ' and which this accompanies the movement of the leg 27.
Abstract
Description
- The invention relates to an arrangement for use when drilling curved holes by means of a drill bit which is rotatable relative to a guide tube and the axis of rotation of which forms an angle with the centre axis of the guide tube, said arrangement being intended for determining the position of the plane passing through said axis of rotation and said centre axis.
- Various devices for correcting deviations from perfectly straight holes with-a high degree of accuracy are known to the art, and reference can be made in this respect, by way of example to the device according to Swedish Patent Specification No 78 02488-2 which device enables corrections to be made with particular accuracy. In order for these corrections to be made, it is necessary to know the orientation of the guide tube and the drill bit in the hole.
- The manner in which the guide device must be orientated in a drill hole in order to make the necessary correction to said hole can, in principle, be determined in two ways. In accordance with one very precise method, commonly used today, the drill hole is studied with a drill-hole camera, as proposed in Swedish Patent Specification No 73 04122-0. Alternatively, a series of marked tubes are connected together externally of the drill hole and then used to position the guide device in said hole.
- The first method is both time consuming and relatively complicated, but can be applied with.drill holes of any depth.
- The second method is limited to holes of moderate depth, because it is not possible to estimate the torsion in which the assembled tubes are subjected over longer distances, or the different conditions prevailing in different drill holes.
- Consequen-:ly, a prime object of the present invention is to provide an arrangement with which the orientation of the plane passing through the axis of rotation of the drill bit and through the centre axis-of the guide tube can be readily determined in a simple and positive fasion, thereby to enable the guide device, i.e.the guide tube and the drill bit, to be set to the necessary position for the curved correcting hole to be drilled correctly.
- This object is realized fully by means of the invention set forth in the following claims and hereinafter described with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which
- Figur 1 illustrates, by way of example a known guide device,
- Figure 2 is an axial sectional view of part of the guide tube shown in Figur 1 and illustrates an exemplary embodiment of the invention,
- Figure 3 is a radial sectional view taken on the line III-III in Figure 2,
- Figure 4 is a radial sectional view taken on the line IV-IV in Figure 2,
- Figure 5 is a radial sectional view taken on the line V-V in Figure 2,
- Figure 6 illustrates a modified embodiment of a sensor, and
- Figure 7 illustrates a further variant of the sensor.
- Figure 1 illustrates an embodiment of a guide device according to Swedish Patent Specification No 78 02488-2, although the invention can be applied with any type of guide device, whatsoever, which is intended for drilling crooked holes, for example a device according to US
Patent Specification No 2 631 820. - The guide device illustrated in Figure 1 includes a straight guide tube 1 and a
drive shaft 2. The shaft is non-rotatably connected at one end thereof, through a spline coupling (not shown), to aspindle 3 which is mounted for rotation on the end of the guide tube 1 and arranged to co-act with an axial bearing 4. Non-rotatably connected to the spindle is a drill bit 5. The axis ofrotation 6 of the drill bit 5 forms an angle ---with thecentre axis 7 of the guide tube 1, and the plane through the axis ofrotation 6 and thecentre axis 7 must be orientated relative to the plane of the deflection of the drilled, crooked hole, in order to enable said hole to be corrected to the intended drilling line. Thus, when a curved hole is to be drilled in a given plane of curvature, the plane through theaxes - Figure 2 illustrates a much simplified embodiment of the invention for determining the plane passing through the
axes drive shaft 2 has been withdrawn from the guide tube. Arranged on the inside of the guide tube 1 is amagnet 9, and the tube 1, is in turn, connected to one or more liner tubes 8, which similar to the guide tube, is or are also held against rotation during a drillingoperation. Themagnet 9 may be an electromagnet or, as with the illustrated embodiment a permanent magnet. As shown in Figures 1 and 2, themagnet 9 lies above an abutment 10. Ametal housing 11, which in the illustrated embodiment is of cylindrical configuration is provided with slide bars 12 (Figure 5), for positioning the housing centrally within the cylindrical guide tube 1. Thehousing 11 has abottom wall 13 and an upper cover means 14, and is preferably water tight. Extending through the cover means is anelectric cable 15, which in the illustrated embodiment contains fourelectric conductors cable 15 passes out through the end of the upper liner tube.Conductors voltage source 20 having acentral means 21, and to anelectric motor 22 having anoutput shaft 23. Themotor 22 is held firmly clamped to the inner cylindrical wall of thehousing 11 by means of asleeve 24 made of an insulating material. Theconductor 16 is drawn through the wall of thesleeve 24 and connected electrically to themetallic shaft 23 of themotor 22 and to one terminal or pole of anindicator lamp 25, the other pole or terminal of which is connected toconductor 18, and thus to one terminal or pole, of thevoltage source 20. Theshaft 23 carries an L-shaped, narrow resilient strip of magnetic material, the oneleg 26 of which is connected at one end to theshaft 23 and is in electrically conductive contact therewith, while the other leg 27-of said strip extends parallel with and, when not actuated, at a distance from the inner, cylindrical wall of thehousing 11. Anarm 28 made from an electrically conductive material is fixedly mounted on the free end of theshaft 23, said free end extending into a preferably liquid-tight chamber 29 in which thearm 28 is arranged to rotate together with theshaft 23. Present in the cylindrical chamber 29 is a small amount ofmercury 30, or some other electrically conductive liquid. When the centre axis of the guide tube deviates slightly from the vertical, this small amount ofliquid 30 will collect at the lowest point of the chamber 29 and, in doing so, will define a vertical plane through themotor shaft 23, which lies coaxially with the guide tube. It is assumed hereinafter that the centre of themagnet 9 and the centre of theliquid 30 each lie in a plane which intersects the longitudinal geometric axis of theshaft 23, as shown in Figures 3 and 4. When the arrangement is inserted into a curved drill hole together with the guide device illustrated in Figure 1, and the obliquely positioned drill bit is intended to change the direction of the hole in a given plane, the drillingplane of the guide tube and the drill bit through theaxes central means 21, to a given number of revolutions per unit of time, for example one full turn in 72 seconds, corresponding to a rotation of 5° per second, the twosensors sensor 27 is opposite themagnet 9, or enters the magnetic field generated thereby the sensor is drawn against the inner surface of thehousing 11 and makes an electric circuit from one pole of thevoltage source 20,through theconductor 17 to thehousing 11, through thesensor 27 to theshaft 23, and through theconductor 16, through thelamp 25, to the other pole of thevoltage source 20. Thelamp 25 is thus illuminated,the length of time over which the lamp remains illuminated is determined by the circumferential length of themagnet 9, i.e. by the length of time which thesensor 27 is held attracted to the inner, electrically conductive wall of thehousing 11. When thesensor 27 leaves the active region of themagnet 9, the indicatinglamp 25 is extinguished, and thesecond sensor 28, which is angularly displaced relative thefirst sensor liquid 30. When contact is made between thesensor 28 and the electrically conductive liquid, which as beforementioned is preferably mercury, a circuit is made from thevoltage source 20, through theconductor 17 to the electricallyconductive housing 11, theliquid 30, thesensor 28, theshaft 23, theconductor 16, through thelamp 25 and to the other pole or terminal of thevoltage source 20. Thelamp 25 is thus illuminated and the length of time over which the lamp remains lit-up is determined, in addition to the speed at which theshaft 23 rotates by the length of thearm 28 and the width of the arm at that part of the end thereof which contacts the liquid. The period over which the lamp is illuminated in this case, however, is preferably selected so as to be of shorter duration than the period of illumination caused by thearm 27. When the speed at which theshaft 23 rotates is known, the extent to which the plane through theaxes arm 27 and that caused byarm 28, using a time-taking clock for example, whereupon a correction can be made by rotating the liner tubes fixedly connected to the guide tube until the measurements show that the plane is orientated in the manner intended. If it is wished to obtain a mean value of the alignment error, two or more magnets can be placed at mutually different angular distances from a vertical plane, and the rotational direction of the motor 22-reversed. Although it is said in the aforegoing that the whole of thehousing 11 is electrically conductive, it will be understood that, for example, a metal plate can be arranged adjacent theleg 27 for contact with said leg when it is attracted by themagnet 9. In this case theconductor 17 is connected to the metal plate. Thechamber 30 must be provided with a metallic wall in contact with theliquid 30, theconductor 17 also being connected to said wall. Theconductor 16 is connected to theshaft 23 through a slide contact or the like. - The aforedescribed arrangement can be modified in various ways, without departing from the concept of the invention. Thus, the
sensor reed relay 31, Figure 6, carried on theshaft 23 by means of an arm (not shown). When therelay 31 approaches themagnet 9, the contacts of the relay are closed, if the circuit to theindicator lamp 25 is made. One important advantage afforded by this arrangement is that the risk of the contact surfaces oxidizing can be ignored. The chamber 29 is preferably kept completely isolated from the remainder of the housing, by mounting sealing rings or like elements between the inner wall 31' of the chamber and theshaft 23. Instead of theindicator lamp 25 there can be used a writing instrument which records the time difference between the signals received, or a calculator which gives directly angular deviations between the desired plane of curvature and the plane through theaxes - It is also possible to arrange a speed differential between the
output shaft 23 of the motor and the sensors, in order to move said sensors at a given speed. In this case it is unnecessary for the sensors to move at precisely the same speed, as presumed in the described and illustrated embodiment. As will be understood, it is only necessary for the two sensors to be moved at known speeds, in order to carry out the final calculations. - In the aforegoing it has been assumed that the
sensor sensor 28 are arranged to make a respective electric circuit when passing themagnet 9 or. when coming into contact with the liquid 30. It will be understood, however, that the sensors may also be arranged to break a circuit, such that a broken circuit causes the indicator lamp to be illuminated. An example of a modifiedsensor magnet 9 is illustrated in Figure 7. In this modified embodiment the flexible,magnetisable leg 27 of the sensor co-acts with a - contact element (not referenced) which is fixedly mounted on an arm (not shown) on theshaft 23 'and which this accompanies the movement of theleg 27. When theleg 27 enters the magnetic field of themagnet 9, it is drawn away from the contact 32 and breaks the connection between theconductors conductor 16 is also connected to thehousing 11.
Claims (6)
Priority Applications (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP82850034A EP0086926B1 (en) | 1982-02-24 | 1982-02-24 | An arrangement for orientating a guide device when drilling curved holes in rock |
DE8282850034T DE3266265D1 (en) | 1982-02-24 | 1982-02-24 | An arrangement for orientating a guide device when drilling curved holes in rock |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP82850034A EP0086926B1 (en) | 1982-02-24 | 1982-02-24 | An arrangement for orientating a guide device when drilling curved holes in rock |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0086926A1 true EP0086926A1 (en) | 1983-08-31 |
EP0086926B1 EP0086926B1 (en) | 1985-09-18 |
Family
ID=8190145
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP82850034A Expired EP0086926B1 (en) | 1982-02-24 | 1982-02-24 | An arrangement for orientating a guide device when drilling curved holes in rock |
Country Status (2)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP0086926B1 (en) |
DE (1) | DE3266265D1 (en) |
Citations (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2255721A (en) * | 1939-02-06 | 1941-09-09 | Cooperative Dev Co | Well drilling control device |
US2303360A (en) * | 1937-09-07 | 1942-12-01 | Cooperative Dev Co | Apparatus for determining inclination of well bores |
US2425319A (en) * | 1942-12-23 | 1947-08-12 | Sperry Sun Well Surveying Co | Tool orienting method and apparatus |
DE871733C (en) * | 1941-11-29 | 1953-03-26 | Oscar Dr Martienssen | Inclinometer for steeply inclined and horizontal boreholes |
FR1593371A (en) * | 1967-12-01 | 1970-05-25 | ||
US3997008A (en) * | 1974-09-13 | 1976-12-14 | Smith International, Inc. | Drill director |
US4040189A (en) * | 1976-09-22 | 1977-08-09 | La Coste And Romberg, Inc. | Method and apparatus for leveling an instrument in a well bore |
-
1982
- 1982-02-24 DE DE8282850034T patent/DE3266265D1/en not_active Expired
- 1982-02-24 EP EP82850034A patent/EP0086926B1/en not_active Expired
Patent Citations (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2303360A (en) * | 1937-09-07 | 1942-12-01 | Cooperative Dev Co | Apparatus for determining inclination of well bores |
US2255721A (en) * | 1939-02-06 | 1941-09-09 | Cooperative Dev Co | Well drilling control device |
DE871733C (en) * | 1941-11-29 | 1953-03-26 | Oscar Dr Martienssen | Inclinometer for steeply inclined and horizontal boreholes |
US2425319A (en) * | 1942-12-23 | 1947-08-12 | Sperry Sun Well Surveying Co | Tool orienting method and apparatus |
FR1593371A (en) * | 1967-12-01 | 1970-05-25 | ||
US3997008A (en) * | 1974-09-13 | 1976-12-14 | Smith International, Inc. | Drill director |
US4040189A (en) * | 1976-09-22 | 1977-08-09 | La Coste And Romberg, Inc. | Method and apparatus for leveling an instrument in a well bore |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP0086926B1 (en) | 1985-09-18 |
DE3266265D1 (en) | 1985-10-24 |
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