EP0079880A2 - Retaining structure - Google Patents

Retaining structure Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0079880A2
EP0079880A2 EP82890167A EP82890167A EP0079880A2 EP 0079880 A2 EP0079880 A2 EP 0079880A2 EP 82890167 A EP82890167 A EP 82890167A EP 82890167 A EP82890167 A EP 82890167A EP 0079880 A2 EP0079880 A2 EP 0079880A2
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
anchoring
support structure
prefabricated parts
building
parts
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP82890167A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0079880B1 (en
EP0079880A3 (en
Inventor
Gerhard Dipl.-Ing. Dr. Schwarz
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Ebenseer Betonwerke Te Wenen GmbH
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Schwarz Gerhard Dipl-Ing Dr
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Priority claimed from AT248279A external-priority patent/AT362234B/en
Priority claimed from AT487681A external-priority patent/AT380288B/en
Application filed by Schwarz Gerhard Dipl-Ing Dr filed Critical Schwarz Gerhard Dipl-Ing Dr
Publication of EP0079880A2 publication Critical patent/EP0079880A2/en
Publication of EP0079880A3 publication Critical patent/EP0079880A3/en
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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
    • E02D29/00—Independent underground or underwater structures; Retaining walls
    • E02D29/02—Retaining or protecting walls
    • E02D29/0225—Retaining or protecting walls comprising retention means in the backfill
    • E02D29/0233—Retaining or protecting walls comprising retention means in the backfill the retention means being anchors

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for producing support structures and support structures produced by this method.
  • the invention is based on buildings as described in Austrian Patent 367,129.
  • loop-shaped or ring-shaped tension members enclose the components in a comprehensive or penetrating manner and connect them to one another in this way.
  • the object of the present invention is to create structures which are distinguished by particular stability and structural toughness and in which the tension members are largely included in the composite construction consisting of the components and the backfilling material, by systematically equalizing the backfilling material enforce moderate distribution and high density.
  • the structure Furthermore, it is an object of the invention to give the structure a structure which makes it possible to vary its contour to a large extent, and to adapt it to the different local terrain. According to the invention, these objects are primarily achieved by first laying prefabricated parts arranged in approximately the same level in a continuous succession, and connecting them to one another by means of preferably loop-shaped anchoring members and finally backfilling in layers with an embedding backing material embedding these anchoring members.
  • the method according to the invention allows place the anchoring elements comfortably on the top, exposed, last inserted layer of the backfill material and embed them in it by applying the next layer of the backfill material.
  • This considerably simplifies both the laying of the anchoring members and their anchoring; these anchoring elements can be fixed very easily and conveniently to abutments inside the supporting structure or - in the case of dams and walls - on the opposite the outside of the building.
  • the method according to the invention ensures an extremely even distribution of the anchoring members within the building body, which, thanks to this even distribution, can be regarded as a real composite construction.
  • the contour-forming finished parts anchored in the interior of the building, emerging on the outside of the building do not need to lie exactly on top of one another in a load-bearing manner and also do not have to form a rigid bond between one another by positive locking of the finished parts, the structure can be in its Shaping can be designed and manufactured completely freely, so that it can be largely adapted to local requirements, taking into account the respective terrain.
  • the backfilling material is synchronous with the laying of level coulters of prefabricated parts and the laying of the anchoring elements in each case in step with the production of the respective level material layer in which these anchoring elements run, but also brings additional advantages with regard to water retention in the building structure.
  • the individual anchoring members can in each case be coated with a water-conductive material before the next higher layer of the backfill material is introduced.
  • These anchoring elements can be placed on the free upper side of the last layer of backfill material introduced in each case with a minimum of time and effort, and in this state and during the laying phase they can be easily embedded in water-conductive material.
  • small trenches to be filled with the water-conductive material can be provided for the anchoring members in the uppermost layer of the backfill material, or such material can be poured onto the anchoring members lying on this layer in small walls.
  • the anchoring members embedded in such a water-conductive material result in an extremely effective duct system, particularly suitable for cohesive soils to reduce the pore water pressure in the structure, which penetrates this structure with a high density as an evenly distributed network.
  • a retaining wall composed of any prefabricated parts 1 is equipped by means of anchoring links 2, which can be attached to the prefabricated parts 1 as desired, preferably they loop around parts of these prefabricated parts 1.
  • the structure rests on the solid floor 3.
  • the individual anchoring members 2 consist, for example, of plastic-coated steels, wires, ropes and so-called steel cords, of plastic or glass fiber strands or rods, preferably of aramids, polyesters or the like. Plastics, and are attached to any design anchor 4 anchored.
  • the anchoring members 2 are embedded in a water-permeable material 5 and penetrate the backfill material 6. The excess water accumulating in this backfill 6 is discharged to the outside of the building through the strands formed from this water-conductive material 5.
  • the prefabricated parts 1 can be freely offset in their horizontal levels because they do not need any connection in the vertical direction and are completely independent of one another.
  • FIG. 2 shows, in the same way as FIG. 1, a building in which the anchoring members 2 embedded in the backfill material 6 are anchored to the solid floor 3 with their ends on the slope side.
  • the support structure according to FIG. 3 is a dam that only has a covering made of prefabricated parts 1 on one side, which at most - in areas to be left free for this purpose - can be seen with vegetation.
  • the water accumulating in the dam body is fed to the clad flank of the building via the strands consisting of the water-conductive material 5 and enveloping the obliquely inclined anchoring members 2.
  • both sides of such a dam are to be equipped with a covering consisting of prefabricated parts 1, the anchoring members 2 can be led away to one of the two flanks and arranged inclined. If - on the left in Figure 4 - the outside is at least occasionally and temporarily flushed with water 7, the water seeping through the joints between the prefabricated parts can be drained into the interior of the building and collected, for example, in a shaft with a drainage channel or on the opposite free flank of the Building are guided, as shown in Figure 4.
  • the anchoring members 2 can also be inclined towards the two flanks starting from the center of the building.
  • Figure 6 shows on a larger scale in cross section an anchoring member 2 which is embedded in a loose or bound granular water-conductive material 5, i.e. in a gravel bed or in a mass bound by an initially pourable, later hardening binder, e.g. Einkornbeton.
  • the water-conductive material for covering the anchoring members 2 and for draining off the water obtained can also be obtained from drainage pipes or the like.
  • the production of the water-conductive strands does not cause any appreciable additional costs, because their production can be carried out at the same time as the anchoring members are laid and the backfill material 6 is introduced in layers.
  • Figures 9 to 11 show different structures in which the prefabricated parts 1 embody a closed cover of the backfill material 6.
  • the finished parts 1 are wrapped around a projecting part 1 ', extensively closed flexible anchoring members 2 anchored and held in the backfill 6; such an embodiment is, for example, well suited for the support of fillings, dams and landfills.
  • anchoring members 2 instead of being anchored to only one prefabricated part 1, such anchoring members 2 can also loop around several, for example groups or pairs of such prefabricated parts, as is indicated by dashed lines.
  • the individual prefabricated parts 1 can also be looped around by several anchoring members 2.
  • the anchors 4 provided for anchoring the anchoring members 2 in the backfilling can in principle be of any design, e.g. also consist of precast concrete elements, which are wrapped around by the anchoring members 2, remain invisible and can therefore be arranged in any size, shape and number, since they only serve the purpose of holding the anchoring members 2 in the backing material 6.
  • FIG. 10 shows C-shaped precast concrete parts 1, in which the legs facing the backfill 6 lie directly on one another and thus embody a closed, erosion-proof cover of the backfill 6 together with the webs facing the visible surface.
  • the anchoring members 2 can easily be attached to the legs protruding into the back filling 6, e.g. on projections l 'of these legs, are anchored by looping.
  • FIG. 11 shows prefabricated parts 1 with an angular profile, the vertically upright legs of which are at a distance from one another in the horizontal direction, which can be bridged, for example, with plates 10, mats, nonwovens or coarse fillings in order to achieve a desirable closed armoring of the backfill material 6.
  • the lying leg of the angle-shaped Vertigmaschine 1 nen again for fixing the anchoring members 2 by means of projections 1. 1
  • the anchors 4 used to anchor the anchoring members 2 are arranged in the interior of the building against erosion, but also against other dangers, such as, for example, against willful damage.
  • seals which are to be arranged between the superimposed and superimposed prefabricated parts 1 of a prefabricated assembly which completely covers the backfill material and which can be formed either from circularly profiled strands, cords 11 or from band-shaped strip seals 12.
  • the anchors 4 embedded in the backfill material 6 for the loop-shaped anchoring members 2 consist of curved shells.
  • the prefabricated parts 1 lie with their faces on each other like a checkerboard, and their position can also be varied as desired in the transverse direction of the building
  • the prefabricated elements 1 show the figures 15 and 16.

Abstract

1. Support structure comprising concrete finished parts (1) which are arranged on at least one external face of the structure, are visible at its exposed face and cover a back-filling, and anchoring members (2) which are loosely guided in the form of closed loops on these finished parts and extend substantially horizontally into the back-filling towards and anchor, characterised in that each of the anchoring members (2) positioned in a pourable, preferably granular, waterconductive material or in a solid water-conductive material forming a slab encircles a component (1') of each finished part (1), which component is arranged at the back of the exposed face and faces the back-filling (6).

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zur Herstellung von Stützbauwerken sowie nach diesem Verfahren hergestellte Stützbauwerke.The invention relates to a method for producing support structures and support structures produced by this method.

Insbesondere geht die Erfindung von Bauwerken aus, wie sie in der österreichischen Patentschrift 367 129 beschrieben sind. Solche Bauwerke bestehen aus einer Anzahl übereinander angeordneter, zumindest teilweise in einem Hinterfüllungs= material eingebetteter und dieses stützender Bauelemente, mit Zuggliedern, die sich im wesentlichen waagrecht zwischen zumindest einem im Bereich der Außenseite des Bauwerkes befindlichen, dessen Kontur bestimmenden Bauelement und zumindest einem in dem Hinterfüllungsmaterial eingebetteten Bauelement oder zu einem an der gegenüberliegenden Seite des Bauwerkes angeordneten Bauelement erstrecken und das in Schichten eingebrachte Hinterfüllungsmaterial durch= setzen, wobei diese Schichten von dem gegen die Bauelemente wirkenden Bodendruck voneinander unabhängig verspannt und zusammengehalten sind.In particular, the invention is based on buildings as described in Austrian Patent 367,129. Such structures consist of a number of superimposed components, at least partially embedded in a backfill = material and supporting them, with tension members that are essentially horizontal between at least one component located in the area of the outside of the structure, the contour of which determines the component and at least one in the Backfill embedded component or extend to a component arranged on the opposite side of the building and enforce the backfill material introduced into layers, these layers being independently braced and held together by the ground pressure acting against the components.

Diese schlaufen- oder ringförmig gestalteten Zugglieder schließen die Bauelemente umfassend oder durchsetzend ein und verbinden sie auf diese Weise miteinander.These loop-shaped or ring-shaped tension members enclose the components in a comprehensive or penetrating manner and connect them to one another in this way.

Aufgabe vorliegender Erfindung ist es, Bauwerke zu schaffen, die sich durch besondere Standfestigkeit und strukturelle Zähigkeit auszeichnen und bei denen die Zugglieder weitest= gehend in die aus den Bauelementen und dem Hinterfüllungs= material bestehende Verbundkonstruktion einbezogen sind, indem sie das Hinterfüllungsmaterial systematisch in gleich= mäßiger Verteilung und mit hoher Dichte durchsetzen.The object of the present invention is to create structures which are distinguished by particular stability and structural toughness and in which the tension members are largely included in the composite construction consisting of the components and the backfilling material, by systematically equalizing the backfilling material enforce moderate distribution and high density.

Weiters ist es Aufgabe der Erfindung, dem Bauwerk eine Struktur zu verleihen, die es ermöglicht, dessen Kontur wünschenswert weitgehend zu variieren und sie den örtlichen verschiedenen Geländeverhältnissen individuell anzupassen. Diese Aufgaben werden erfindungsgemäß primär dadurch gelöst, daß in steter Aufeinanderfolge zunächst etwa im selben Niveau angeordnete Fertigteile verlegt, sowie mittels vorzugsweise schlaufenförmig geführter Ver= ankerungsglieder miteinander verbunden und schließlich schichtweise mit einem diese Verankerungsglieder ein= bettenden Hinterfüllungsmaterial'hinterfüllt werden.Furthermore, it is an object of the invention to give the structure a structure which makes it possible to vary its contour to a large extent, and to adapt it to the different local terrain. According to the invention, these objects are primarily achieved by first laying prefabricated parts arranged in approximately the same level in a continuous succession, and connecting them to one another by means of preferably loop-shaped anchoring members and finally backfilling in layers with an embedding backing material embedding these anchoring members.

Während nach einem bekannten Verfahren die Verankerungs= glieder, die sich in das zu stützende Material erstrecken, in Bohrungen verlegt wurden, die von der Luftseite des Materiales ausgehend mit erheblichem Zeit-, Mühe- und Kostenaufwand angefertigt werden mußten, erlaubt es das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren, die Verankerungsglieder bequem auf die jeweils oberste, freiliegende, letzteingebrachte Schicht des Hinterfüllungsmateriales aufzulegen und durch Aufbringung der nächsten Schicht des Hinterfüllungsmateria= les darin einzubetten. Dadurch vereinfacht sich sowohl das Verlegen der Verankerungsglieder erheblich als auch deren Verankerung; man kann diese Verankerungsglieder höchst einfach und bequem an Widerlagern im Inneren des Stützbau= werkes oder - bei Dämmen und Wänden - an der gegenüberliegen= den Außenseite des Bauwerkes fixieren. Außerdem gewährleis= tet das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren eine überaus gleichmäßige Verteilung der Verankerungsglieder innerhalb des Bauwerks= körpers, der dank dieser gleichmäßigen Verteilung als echte Verbundkonstruktion angesehen werden kann.While, according to a known method, the anchoring elements, which extend into the material to be supported, were laid in bores which had to be made from the air side of the material with considerable time, effort and cost, the method according to the invention allows place the anchoring elements comfortably on the top, exposed, last inserted layer of the backfill material and embed them in it by applying the next layer of the backfill material. This considerably simplifies both the laying of the anchoring members and their anchoring; these anchoring elements can be fixed very easily and conveniently to abutments inside the supporting structure or - in the case of dams and walls - on the opposite = the outside of the building. In addition, the method according to the invention ensures an extremely even distribution of the anchoring members within the building body, which, thanks to this even distribution, can be regarded as a real composite construction.

Da bei der Durchführung des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens die im Inneren des Bauwerkes verankerten, an der Außenseite des Bauwerkes zutagetretenden, konturbildenden Fertigteile nicht lastabtragend exakt aufeinanderliegen brauchen und auch keinen starren, durch Formschluß der Fertigteile unter= einander fixierten Verband bilden müssen, kann das Bauwerk in seiner Formgebung völlig frei konzipiert und angefertigt werden, so daß es unter Bedachtnahme auf die jeweilige Ge= ländeform jeweils weitgehend den örtlichen Erfordernissen angepaßt werden kann.Since when carrying out the method according to the invention, the contour-forming finished parts anchored in the interior of the building, emerging on the outside of the building, do not need to lie exactly on top of one another in a load-bearing manner and also do not have to form a rigid bond between one another by positive locking of the finished parts, the structure can be in its Shaping can be designed and manufactured completely freely, so that it can be largely adapted to local requirements, taking into account the respective terrain.

Die erfindungsgemäße Bauweise, derzufolge das Hinterfüllungs= material synchron mit der Verlegung niveaugleicher Scharen von Fertigteilen eingebracht wird und auch die Verlegung der Verankerungsglieder jeweils im Gleichschritt mit der Herstellung der jeweils niveaugleichen Materialschicht, in der diese Verankerungsglieder verlaufen, erfolgt, bringt aber auch noch zusätzliche Vorteile hinsichtlich der Wasserhaltung im Bauwerkskörper.The construction according to the invention, consequently the backfilling material is synchronous with the laying of level coulters of prefabricated parts and the laying of the anchoring elements in each case in step with the production of the respective level material layer in which these anchoring elements run, but also brings additional advantages with regard to water retention in the building structure.

Nach einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform des Verfahrens können nämlich die einzelnen Verankerungsglieder jeweils vor dem Einbringen der nächsthöheren Schicht des Hinter= füllungsmateriales mit einem wasserleitfähigen Material umhüllt werden. Man kann diese Verankerungsglieder mit minimalem Zeit- und Müheaufwand auf die freie Oberseite der jeweils zuletzt eingebrachten Schicht des Hinterfüllungs= materiales auflegen und kann sie in diesem Zustand und in der Phase ihrer Verlegung unschwer in wasserleitfähigem Material einbetten. Beispielsweise kann man für die Ver= ankerungsglieder kleine mit dem wasserleitfähigen Material zu füllende Gräben in der obersten Schicht des Hinter= füllungsmateriales vorsehen oder man kann auf die auf dieser Schicht aufliegenden Verankerungsglieder solches Material in kleinen Wällen aufschütten. In jedem Fall ergeben die in solches wasserleitfähiges Material eingebetteten Ver= ankerungsglieder ein überaus wirksames, insbesondere bei bindigen Böden zur Verringerung des Porenwasserdruckes im Bauwerkskörper geeignetes Kanalsystem, das diesen Bauwerks= körper mit hoher Dichte als gleichmäßig verteiltes Netzwerk durchsetzt.According to a preferred embodiment of the method, the individual anchoring members can in each case be coated with a water-conductive material before the next higher layer of the backfill material is introduced. These anchoring elements can be placed on the free upper side of the last layer of backfill material introduced in each case with a minimum of time and effort, and in this state and during the laying phase they can be easily embedded in water-conductive material. For example, small trenches to be filled with the water-conductive material can be provided for the anchoring members in the uppermost layer of the backfill material, or such material can be poured onto the anchoring members lying on this layer in small walls. In any case, the anchoring members embedded in such a water-conductive material result in an extremely effective duct system, particularly suitable for cohesive soils to reduce the pore water pressure in the structure, which penetrates this structure with a high density as an evenly distributed network.

Weitere Vorteile der erfindungsgemäßen Lösung ergeben sich, wenn die an der Außenseite des Bauwerkes zutagetretenden Betonfertigteile eine das Hinterfüllungsmaterial durchgehend abdeckende und gegen Erosion befestigende Schutzverbauung bilden. Die Möglichkeit, die Fertigteile zu einer solchen geschlossenen Panzerung des Hinterfüllungsmateriales zu= sammenzufügen, ergibt sich letzten Endes daraus, daß jeder Fertigteile mit Hilfe der Verankerungsglieder in der Hinter= füllung verankert und dadurch- unabhängig von den anderen - in dem Bauwerksverband festgehalten ist.Further advantages of the solution according to the invention result if the prefabricated concrete parts emerging on the outside of the building form a protective covering that continuously covers the backfill material and secures it against erosion. The possibility of assembling the prefabricated parts to form such a closed armor of the backfill material ultimately results from the fact that each prefabricated part is anchored in the backfill with the aid of the anchoring members and is thereby - independent of the others - retained in the structure association.

Zahlreiche weitere Erfindungsmerkmale sind der besseren Verständlichkeit wegen nachstehend an Hand der Zeichnungen erläutert, die verschiedene Ausführungsbeispiele erfin= dungsgemäßer Stützbauwerke veranschaulichen. Im einzelnen zeigen die

  • Figuren 1 bis 5 in schematischen Querschnitten verschieden gestaltete Stützbauwerke, die
  • Figuren 6 bis 8 zeigen in Querschnitten größeren Maßstabes die Einbettung der Verankerungsglieder im Hinterfüllungs= material, die
  • Figur 9 ist die Draufsicht auf eine fertiggestellte Schicht eines erfindungsgemäßen Bauwerkes, die
  • Figuren 10 und 11 zeigen wiederum schematische Querschnitte durch solche Stützbauwerke, die
  • Figur 12 zeigt in einem Querschnitt die Möglichkeiten einer Abdichtung aufeinanderliegender Fertigteilscharen solcher Bauwerke, die
  • Figur 13 stellt schaubildlich ein erfindungsgemäßes Bauwerk während dessen Herstellung dar und
  • Figur 14 zeigt gleichfalls schaubildlich in größerem Maßstab einen einzelnen Fertigteil für ein solches Bauwerk.
  • Figur 15 zeigt eine Variante solcher Fertigteile schaubild= lich und die
  • Figur 16 ist die Vorderansicht eines aus solchen Fertigteilen nach Figur 15 hergestellten Bauwerkes.
Numerous further features of the invention are explained below for the sake of clarity with reference to the drawings, which illustrate various exemplary embodiments of support structures according to the invention. In detail show the
  • Figures 1 to 5 in schematic cross sections of differently designed support structures
  • Figures 6 to 8 show in cross sections on a larger scale the embedding of the anchoring members in the backfill material
  • FIG. 9 is a top view of a finished layer of a building according to the invention
  • FIGS. 10 and 11 again show schematic cross sections through such supporting structures that
  • Figure 12 shows in a cross section the possibilities of sealing superimposed panels of such structures, the
  • FIG. 13 shows a structure according to the invention during its manufacture and
  • FIG. 14 likewise shows a single prefabricated part for such a structure on a larger scale.
  • FIG. 15 shows a variant of such finished parts
  • FIG. 16 is the front view of a building made from such prefabricated parts according to FIG. 15.

Gemäß Figur 1 ist eine aus beliebig gestaltbaren Fertig= teilen 1 zusammengesetzte Stützmauer mittels Verankerungs= gliedern 2 ausgestattet, die an den Fertigteilen 1 beliebig befestigt sein können, vorzugsweise umschlingen sie als Schlaufen oder Schlingen Teile dieser Fertigteile 1. Das Bauwerk ruht auf dem festen Boden 3. Die einzelnen Verankerungsglieder 2 bestehen beispielsweise aus kunst= stoffbeschichten Stählen, Drähten, Seilen und sogenannten Stahl-Cords, aus Kunststoff- oder Glasfasersträngen oder -stäben, vorzugsweise aus Aramiden, Polyestern od.dgl. Kunststoffen, und sind an beliebig gestaltbaren Ankern 4 verankert. Bei dem dargestellten Ausführungsbeispiel sind die Verankerungsglieder 2 in einem wasserdurchlässigen Material 5 eingebettet und durchsetzen das Hinterfüllungs= material 6. Das in dieser Hinterfüllung 6 anfallende überschüssige Wasser wird durch die aus diesem wasserleit= fähigen Material 5 gebildeten Stränge zur Außenseite des Bauwerkes abgeführt.According to FIG. 1, a retaining wall composed of any prefabricated parts 1 is equipped by means of anchoring links 2, which can be attached to the prefabricated parts 1 as desired, preferably they loop around parts of these prefabricated parts 1. The structure rests on the solid floor 3. The individual anchoring members 2 consist, for example, of plastic-coated steels, wires, ropes and so-called steel cords, of plastic or glass fiber strands or rods, preferably of aramids, polyesters or the like. Plastics, and are attached to any design anchor 4 anchored. In the illustrated embodiment, the anchoring members 2 are embedded in a water-permeable material 5 and penetrate the backfill material 6. The excess water accumulating in this backfill 6 is discharged to the outside of the building through the strands formed from this water-conductive material 5.

Wie die Darstellung lehrt, sind die Fertigteile 1 in ihren horizontalen Niveaus beliebig gegeneinander versetzbar, weil sie in vertikaler Richtung keiner Verbindung miteinan= der bedürfen und völlig unabhängig voneinander sind.As the illustration teaches, the prefabricated parts 1 can be freely offset in their horizontal levels because they do not need any connection in the vertical direction and are completely independent of one another.

Figur 2 zeigt in gleicher Weise wie Figur 1 ein Bauwerk, bei dem die im Hinterfüllungsmaterial 6 eingebetteten Verankerungsglieder 2 mit ihren hangseitigen Enden am festen Boden 3 verankert sind.FIG. 2 shows, in the same way as FIG. 1, a building in which the anchoring members 2 embedded in the backfill material 6 are anchored to the solid floor 3 with their ends on the slope side.

Bei dem Stützbauwerk nach Figur 3 handelt es sich um einen Damm, der nur an einer Seite eine aus Fertigteilen 1 bestehende Verkleidung trägt, die allenfalls - in hiefür freizulassenden Flächenteilen - mit einem Bewuchs ver= sehen werden kann. Das im Dammkörper anfallende Wasser wird der verkleideten Flanke des Bauwerkes über die aus dem wasserleitfähigen Material 5 bestehenden, die schräg geneigt verlaufenden Verankerungsglieder 2 umhüllenden Stränge zugeführt.The support structure according to FIG. 3 is a dam that only has a covering made of prefabricated parts 1 on one side, which at most - in areas to be left free for this purpose - can be seen with vegetation. The water accumulating in the dam body is fed to the clad flank of the building via the strands consisting of the water-conductive material 5 and enveloping the obliquely inclined anchoring members 2.

Sind - gemäß Figur 4 - beide Seiten eines solchen Dammes mit einer aus Fertigteilen 1 bestehenden Verkleidung aus= zustatten, können die Verankerungsglieder 2 nach einer der beiden Flanken abgeführt und geneigt angeordnet wer= den. Wird eine - in Figur 4 linke - Außenseite zumindest fallweise und zeitweise von Wasser 7 bespült, kann das durch die Fugen zwischen den Fertigteilen durchsickernde Wasser in das Innere des Bauwerkes abgeführt und beispiels= weise in einem Schacht mit Entwässerungskanal gesammelt oder zur gegenüberliegenden freien Flanke des Bauwerkes geleitet werden, wie dies die Figur 4 zeigt.If - according to FIG. 4 - both sides of such a dam are to be equipped with a covering consisting of prefabricated parts 1, the anchoring members 2 can be led away to one of the two flanks and arranged inclined. If - on the left in Figure 4 - the outside is at least occasionally and temporarily flushed with water 7, the water seeping through the joints between the prefabricated parts can be drained into the interior of the building and collected, for example, in a shaft with a drainage channel or on the opposite free flank of the Building are guided, as shown in Figure 4.

Man kann aber auch gemäß Figur 5 die Verankerungsglieder 2 von der Mitte des Bauwerkes ausgehend nach beiden Flanken hin geneigt verlaufen lassen.However, according to FIG. 5, the anchoring members 2 can also be inclined towards the two flanks starting from the center of the building.

Figur 6 zeigt in größerem Maßstab im Schnitt ein Veran= kerungsglied 2, das in einem losen oder gebundenen körnigen wasserleitfähigen Material 5 eingebettet ist, also bei= spielsweise in einer Kiesschüttung oder in einer durch ein zunächst gießfähiges, später erhärtendes Bindemittel gebundenen Masse, z.B. Einkornbeton.Figure 6 shows on a larger scale in cross section an anchoring member 2 which is embedded in a loose or bound granular water-conductive material 5, i.e. in a gravel bed or in a mass bound by an initially pourable, later hardening binder, e.g. Einkornbeton.

Die Einbettung kann - gemäß Figur 6 - dadurch erfolgen, daß das Verankerungsglied 2 zunächst lose auf der zuletzt eingebrachten Schicht des Hinterfüllungsmateriales 6 aufgelegt und sodann mit einem kleinen Wall des wasser= leitfähigen Materiales 5 beschüttet und darin eingerüttelt wird, um eingebettet zu werden.The embedding can - according to Figure 6 - take place in that the anchoring member 2 is initially loosely placed on the last introduced layer of the backfill material 6 and then spilled with a small wall of the water = conductive material 5 and shaken therein to be embedded.

Ebensogut kann man aber auch - gemäß Figur 7 -,in der jeweils obersten Schicht des Hinterfüllungsmateriales 6 kleine Gräben herstellen und in diesen Gräben die Verankerungs= glieder 2 in wasserleitfähigem Material 5 einbetten.However, it is equally possible - according to FIG. 7 - to produce 6 small trenches in the uppermost layer of the backfill material and to embed the anchoring members 2 in water-conductive material 5 in these trenches.

Schließlich kann - gemäß Figur 7 - das wasserleitfähige Material zur Umhüllung der Verankerungsglieder 2 und zur Ableitung des anfallenden Wassers auch aus Drainagerohren od.dgl. hohlen, zu einem Strang aneinanderreihbaren Fertig= teilen 8 bestehen, die Perforationen 9 ihrer Wandung auf= weisen und/oder aus einem wasserdurchlässigen, porösen Material bestehen.Finally, according to FIG. 7, the water-conductive material for covering the anchoring members 2 and for draining off the water obtained can also be obtained from drainage pipes or the like. hollow, ready to be strung together = parts 8 consist, the perforations 9 of their wall = have and / or consist of a water-permeable, porous material.

Dank dieser erfindungsgemäßen systematischen und hochwirk= samen Entwässerung des Hinterfüllungsmateriales 6 kann im Rahmen der Erfindung auch ansonsten ungeeignetes Material für die Hinterfüllung verwendet werden.Thanks to this systematic and highly effective = draining of the backfill material 6 according to the invention, otherwise unsuitable material can be used for the backfill within the scope of the invention.

Dank der erfindungsgemäßen Lösung verursacht die Herstellung der wasserleitfähigen Stränge keine nennenswerten Mehrkosten, weil deren Herstellung gleichzeitig mit dem Verlegen der Verankerungsglieder und mit dem schichtweisen Einbringen des Hinterfüllungsmateriales 6 durchführbar ist.Thanks to the solution according to the invention, the production of the water-conductive strands does not cause any appreciable additional costs, because their production can be carried out at the same time as the anchoring members are laid and the backfill material 6 is introduced in layers.

Die Figuren 9 bis 11 zeigen verschiedene Bauwerke, bei denen die Fertigteile 1 eine geschlossene Abdeckung des Hinterfüllungsmateriales 6 verkörpern.Figures 9 to 11 show different structures in which the prefabricated parts 1 embody a closed cover of the backfill material 6.

Gemäß der Variante nach Figur 8 sind die Fertigteile 1 mittels einen vorspringenden Teil l' umschlingender, umfanggeschlossener flexibler Verankerungsglieder 2 in der Hinterfüllung 6 verankert und festgehalten; eine solche Ausführungsform eignet sich beispielsweise gut für die Abstützung von Schüttungen, Dämmen und Deponien. Selbstverständlich können solche Verankerungsglieder 2 statt an jeweils nur einem Fertigteil 1 verankert zu sein, auch mehrere, z.B. Gruppen oder Paare solcher Fertigteile, umschlingen, wie dies gestrichelt angedeutet ist. Ander= seits können auch die einzelnen Fertigteile 1 von jeweils mehreren Verankerungsgliedern 2 umschlungen sein.According to the variant according to FIG. 8, the finished parts 1 are wrapped around a projecting part 1 ', extensively closed flexible anchoring members 2 anchored and held in the backfill 6; such an embodiment is, for example, well suited for the support of fillings, dams and landfills. Of course, instead of being anchored to only one prefabricated part 1, such anchoring members 2 can also loop around several, for example groups or pairs of such prefabricated parts, as is indicated by dashed lines. On the other hand, the individual prefabricated parts 1 can also be looped around by several anchoring members 2.

Die zur Verankerung der Verankerungsglieder 2 in der Hinter= füllung vorgesehenen Anker 4 können grundsätzlich beliebig gestaltet sein, z.B. gleichfalls aus Betonfertigteilen bestehen, die von den Verankerungsgliedern 2 umschlungen werden, unsichtbar bleiben und deshalb in beliebiger Größe, Form und Anzahl angeordnet werden können, da sie nur dem Zweck dienen, die Verankerungsglieder 2 im Hinter= füllungsmaterial 6 festzuhalten.The anchors 4 provided for anchoring the anchoring members 2 in the backfilling can in principle be of any design, e.g. also consist of precast concrete elements, which are wrapped around by the anchoring members 2, remain invisible and can therefore be arranged in any size, shape and number, since they only serve the purpose of holding the anchoring members 2 in the backing material 6.

Figur 10 zeigt C-förmig profilierte Betonfertigteile 1, bei denen die zur Hinterfüllung 6 weisenden Schenkel unmittel= bar aufeinanderliegen und solcherart mit den zur Sichtfläche weisenden Stegen gemeinsam eine geschlossene, erosions= sichere Abdeckung der Hinterfüllung 6 verkörpern. Die Ver= ankerungsglieder 2 können unschwer an den in die Hinter= füllung 6 ragenden Schenkeln, z.B. an Vorsprüngen l' dieser Schenkel, durch Umschlingen verankert werden.FIG. 10 shows C-shaped precast concrete parts 1, in which the legs facing the backfill 6 lie directly on one another and thus embody a closed, erosion-proof cover of the backfill 6 together with the webs facing the visible surface. The anchoring members 2 can easily be attached to the legs protruding into the back filling 6, e.g. on projections l 'of these legs, are anchored by looping.

Figur 11 zeigt winkelförmig profilierte Fertigteile 1, deren senkrecht aufrechtstehende Schenkel voneinander Abstände in horizontaler Richtung'aufweisen, die beispielsweise mit Platten 10, Matten, Vliesen oder Grobsteinschüttungen über= brückt werden können, um eine wünschenswert geschlossene Panzerung des Hinterfüllungsmateriales 6 zu erzielen. Die liegenden Schenkel dieser winkelförmigen Vertigteile 1 die= nen wiederum zur Befestigung der Verankerungsglieder 2 mittels Vorsprüngen 11.FIG. 11 shows prefabricated parts 1 with an angular profile, the vertically upright legs of which are at a distance from one another in the horizontal direction, which can be bridged, for example, with plates 10, mats, nonwovens or coarse fillings in order to achieve a desirable closed armoring of the backfill material 6. The lying leg of the angle-shaped Vertigteile 1 = nen again for fixing the anchoring members 2 by means of projections 1. 1

In allen Fällen sind die zur Verankerung der Verankerungs= glieder 2 dienenden Anker 4 im Inneren des Bauwerkes gegen Erosion, aber auch gegen sonstige Gefahren, wie etwa auch gegen mutwillige Beschädigungen geschützt angeordnet.In all cases, the anchors 4 used to anchor the anchoring members 2 are arranged in the interior of the building against erosion, but also against other dangers, such as, for example, against willful damage.

Die Fig.12 zeigt Abdichtungen, die zwischen den jeweils übereinander- und aufeinanderliegenden Fertigteilen 1 eines das Hinterfüllungsmaterial gänzlich abdeckenden Fertigteilverbandes anzuordnen sind und die entweder aus kreisförmig profilierten Strängen, Schnüren 11 oder aus bandförmigen Streifendichtungen 12 gebildet sein können. In jedem Fall soll eine gewisse zähplastische Nachgiebigkeit des Bauwerkes gewährleistet werden, um bei Bodenbewegungen, z.B. Setzungen der Hinterfüllung 6, eine örtliche Überbeanspruchung und einen durch Spannungs= spitzen verursachten Sprödbruch der Fertigteile 1 aus= zuschließen.12 shows seals which are to be arranged between the superimposed and superimposed prefabricated parts 1 of a prefabricated assembly which completely covers the backfill material and which can be formed either from circularly profiled strands, cords 11 or from band-shaped strip seals 12. In any case, a certain viscoplastic flexibility of the building should be guaranteed, in order to avoid floor movements, e.g. Settling of the backfill 6, a local overuse and a brittle fracture of the prefabricated parts 1 caused by stress = spikes.

In den Figuren 14 und 15 ist eine weitere Ausgührungs= variante dargestellt, derzufolge die außenliegenden Fertig= teile 1 in Form zweiseitig offener länglicher Kästen und mit vom Boden aufwärts vorspringenden Teilen 11 gestaltet sind, die von den Verankerungsgliedern 2 umschlungen werden. Die im Hinterfüllungsmaterial 6 eingebetteten Anker 4 für die schlaufenförmig geführten Verankerungsglieder 2 bestehen aus bogenförmig gestalteten Schalen. Die Fertig= teile 1 liegen schachbrettartig versetzt mit ihren Stirn= seiten aufeinander und ihre Lage ist in Querrichtung des Bauwerkes gleichfalls beliebig variierbarIn the figures 14 and 15 a further Ausgührungs = is represented variant, according to which the external Ready = parts 1 in the form of two-sided open oblong boxes and are designed with upwardly projecting from the bottom part 1 1 which are encircled by the anchoring members. 2 The anchors 4 embedded in the backfill material 6 for the loop-shaped anchoring members 2 consist of curved shells. The prefabricated parts 1 lie with their faces on each other like a checkerboard, and their position can also be varied as desired in the transverse direction of the building

Eine Variante dieser Ausführungsform der Fertigteile 1 zeigen die Figuren 15 und 16. Die Figur 16 zeigt schau= bildlich ein Paar zusammengehöriger, spiegelbildlich gestalteter Fertigteile l, von denen jeder die Hälfte eines halbkreisförmig profilierten Vorsprunges 11 trägt. Werden diese Fertigteile 1 in spiegelbildlicher Anordnung verlegt, wie dies die Figur 15 zeigt, ergänzen sich die Vorsprünge 1' wie dargestellt und können vom Verankerungsglied 2 schlaufenförmig umschlungen werden. Diese Fertigteile 1 können dank ihrer Gestaltung besonders rationell gefertigt werden, wobei auch noch die Möglichkeit besteht, in den aufrechten Schenkeln dieser winkelförmig profilierten Fertig= teile 1 Ausnehmungen l" vorzusehen, in denen - wie die Figur 16 in einer Vorderansicht des Bauwerkes zeigt - das Hinterfüllungsmaterial 6 vorteilhaft zutagetritt und mit einem Bewuchs versehen werden kann.A variant of this embodiment, the prefabricated elements 1 show the figures 15 and 16. Figure 16 is a diagrammatic = pictorially a pair of matching, mirror-image shaped finished parts l, each of which transmits half of a semicircular profiled projection 1. 1 If these prefabricated parts 1 are laid in a mirror-image arrangement, as shown in FIG. 15, the projections 1 ′ complement each other as shown and can be looped around by the anchoring member 2. Thanks to their design, these prefabricated parts 1 can be manufactured in a particularly efficient manner, and there is also the possibility of providing recesses 1 "in the upright legs of these angularly profiled prefabricated parts 1", in which - as FIG Backfill material 6 advantageously emerged and can be provided with vegetation.

Claims (21)

1. Verfahren zur Herstellung von Stützbauwerken, die an zumindest einer Bauwerksaußenseite angeordnete Fertig= teile (1) und diese Fertigteile (1) verankernde, sich in das Bauwerksinnere erstreckende Verankerungsglieder (2) aufweisen, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß in steter Aufeinanderfolge zunächst etwa im selben Niveau ange= ordnete Fertigteile (1) verlegt sowie mittels eines vorzugsweise schlaufenförmig geführten Verankerungs= gliedes (2) miteinander verbunden und schließlich mit einer Schicht eines dieses Verankerungsglied (2) ein= bettenden Hinterfüllungsmateriales (6) hinterfüllt werden.1. A method for the production of supporting structures, the prefabricated parts arranged on at least one outside of the building (1) and these prefabricated parts (1) anchoring, extending into the inside of the building anchoring members (2), characterized in that initially in constant succession approximately in the same Level arranged prefabricated parts (1) and connected to each other by means of a preferably loop-shaped anchoring element (2) and finally backfilled with a layer of an anchoring element (6) that embeds an embedding material (6). 2. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Verankerungsglied (2) zu mindestens einem Fertig= teil (4) geführt wird, der gemeinsam mit dem Verankerungs= glied (2) gleichfalls im Hinterfüllungsmaterial (6) eingebettet wird.2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the anchoring member (2) to at least one finished = part (4) is guided, which together with the anchoring = member (2) is also embedded in the backfill material (6). 3. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Verankeruhgsglied (2) zu mindestens einem Fertig= teil (4) geführt wird, der an festem Boden (3), Fels od.dgl. seinerseits verankert wird.3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the anchoring member (2) is guided to at least one finished = part (4), or the like on solid ground (3), rock. in turn is anchored. 4. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Verankerungsglied (2) zu mindestens einem Fertig= teil (1) geführt wird, der an der gegenüberliegenden Außenseite des Bauwerkes, z.B. eines Dammes, Walles od.dgl. verlegt ist.4. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the anchoring member (2) to at least one finished = part (1) is guided on the opposite outside of the structure, e.g. a dam, wall or the like. is misplaced. 5. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Verankerungsglieder (2) jeweils vor dem Einbringen der nächsthöheren Schicht des Hinterfüllungsmateriales (6) mit einem wasserleitfähigen Material (5) umhüllt werden.5. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the anchoring members (2) are each coated with a water-conductive material (5) before the introduction of the next higher layer of the backfill material (6). 6. Nach dem Verfahren gemäß der Ansprüche 1 bis 5 herge= stelltes Stützbauwerk, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die die Fertigteile (1) verankernden, vorzugsweise schlaufen= förmig um diese in ihrem Niveau frei verlegbaren Fertig= teile (1) geführten Verankerungsglieder (2) im Hinter= füllungsmaterial (6) eingebettet und gegebenenfalls mit einem wasserleitfähigen Material (5) umhüllt sind.6. According to the method according to claims 1 to 5 herge = provided support structure, characterized in that the prefabricated parts (1) anchoring, preferably loops = shaped around these in their level freely = finished (1) guided anchoring members (2) embedded in the backfilling material (6) and, if necessary, coated with a water-conductive material (5). 7. Stützbauwerk nach Anspruch 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Verankerungsglieder (2) mit einem schüttfähigen, vorzugsweise körnigen oder mit einem festen, einen Strang bildenden wasserleitfähigen Material (5 bzw.8), z.B. Einkornbeton, oder einem zunächst formbaren, vorzugsweise gießfähigen, später erhärtenden festen Material (5 bzw.8), z.B. Einkornbeton,umhüllt oder in zumindest einem Hohlraum eines vorzugsweise aus Fertigteilen (8), gegebenenfalls perforierten Rohren, zusammengesetzten Stranges verlegt und von Luft als wasserleitfähigem Material umhüllt sind.7. Support structure according to claim 6, characterized in that the anchoring members (2) with a pourable, preferably granular or with a solid, strand-forming water-conductive material (5 or 8), e.g. Einkornbeton, or an initially formable, preferably pourable, later hardening solid material (5 or 8), e.g. Single-grain concrete, encased or laid in at least one cavity of a strand preferably composed of prefabricated parts (8), optionally perforated pipes, and encased in air as a water-conductive material. 8. Stützbauwerk nach Anspruch 6 oder 7, dadurch gekennzeich= net, daß die Verankerungsglieder (2) und die sie um= hüllenden, aus wasserdurchlässigem Material (5 bzw.8) bestehenden Stränge im Gefälle zu einer Luftseite des Bauwerkes hin geführt sind und an dieser Luftseite münden oder bei Bauwerken, wie Uferschutzbauten oder Dämmen, mit einer zumindest fallweise von Wasser (7) bespülten Außenseite im Gefälle zur gegenüberliegenden Luftseite des Bauwerkes oder zu einem im Inneren des Bauwerkes angeordneten Abflußschacht und/oder -kanal geführt sind.8. Support structure according to claim 6 or 7, characterized in that the anchoring members (2) and they around = enveloping, made of water-permeable material (5 or 8) strands are guided on a slope to an air side of the building and on this airside open or in the case of structures such as bank protection structures or dams, with an outside, at least occasionally flushed with water (7), on a slope to the opposite air side of the structure or to a drainage shaft and / or channel arranged inside the structure. 9. Stützbauwerk nach einem der Ansprüche 6 bis 8, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die korrosionsfesten Verankerungs= glieder (2) aus kunststoffbeschichteten Stählen, Drähten, Seilen oder Stahlcords, aus Kunststoff- oder Glasfasersträngen oder -stäben , vorzugsweise aus Aramiden, Polyester od.dgl., bestehen.9. Support structure according to one of claims 6 to 8, characterized in that the corrosion-resistant anchoring = links (2) made of plastic-coated steels, wires, ropes or steel cords, plastic or glass fiber strands or rods, preferably made of aramids, polyester or the like ., consist. 10. Stützbauwerk nach einem der Ansprüche 6 bis 9, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die an der Außenseite des Bauwerkes zutagetretenden Betonfertigteile (1) eine das Hinter= füllungsmaterial (6) durchgehend abdeckende und gegen Erosion befestigende Schutzverbauung bilden.10. Support structure according to one of claims 6 to 9, characterized in that the emerging on the outside of the building precast concrete parts (1) form the back = filling material (6) continuously covering and protecting against erosion protective structure. ll. Stützbauwerk nach Anspruch 10, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Fertigteile (1) vorzugsweise gegeneinander ver= setzt, unmittelbar und abstandslos nebeneinander und aufeinander liegen.ll. Support structure according to claim 10, characterized in that the prefabricated parts (1) preferably set against each other, directly and without spacing next to and on top of each other. 12. Stützbauwerk nach Anspruch 10, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Fertigteile (1) mittelbar und gemeinsam mit ihre Abstände überbrückenden Elementen (10) die durchgehende Schutzverbauung verkörpern.12. Support structure according to claim 10, characterized in that the prefabricated parts (1) indirectly and together with their distances bridging elements (10) embody the continuous protective structure. 13. Stützbauwerk nach einem der Ansprüche 6 bis 12, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Fertigteile (1) zur Abdeckung einer Böschung, z.B. einer Dammböschung, scharenweise und stufenweise übereinander und gegeneinander versetzt verlegt sind, wobei gegebenenfalls vorhandene Abstände übereinanderliegender Scharen solcher Fertigteile (1) mit Abdeckungen, z.B. Platten (10), Grobsteinschüttungen od.dgl., überbrückt und gegen Erosion geschützt sind.13. Support structure according to one of claims 6 to 12, characterized in that the finished parts (1) for covering an embankment, for example an embankment, are laid in groups and in stages one above the other and offset from one another, with any existing spacings of superposed groups of such prefabricated parts (1) being bridged with covers, for example plates (10), coarse fillings or the like, and being protected against erosion. 14. Stützbauwerk nach einem der Ansprüche 6 bis 13, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Betonfertigteile (1) einen außenliegenden vertikalen, die Sichtfläche verkörpernden Steg und zumindest einen sich einwärts gegen die Hinter= füllung (6) erstreckenden Schenkel aufweisen, z.B. C-förmig oder winkelförmig profiliert sind.14. Support structure according to one of claims 6 to 13, characterized in that the prefabricated concrete parts (1) have an external vertical web which embodies the visible surface and at least one leg which extends inwards against the back filling (6), e.g. C-shaped or angularly profiled. 15. Stützbauwerk nach einem der Ansprüche 6 bis 14, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die zur Verankerung der Verankerungs= . glieder (2) dienenden Anker (4) innerhalb des Bauwerkes gegen Erosion und Beschädigungen geschützt angeordnet, vorzugsweise im Hinterfüllungsmaterial (6) eingebettet sind.15. Support structure according to one of claims 6 to 14, characterized in that for anchoring the anchoring =. links (2) serving anchors (4) within the structure protected against erosion and damage, preferably embedded in the backfill material (6). 16. Stützbauwerk nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 15, gekenn= zeichnet durch zwischen unmittelbar aufeinanderliegenden Fertigteilen (1) eingesetzte Dichtungen (11,12).16. Support structure according to one of claims 1 to 15, marked = characterized by seals (11, 12) inserted between directly lying prefabricated parts (1). 17. Stützbauwerk nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 16, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die außenliegenden Fertigteile (1) in Form oben und an ihrer nach innen gerichteten Längs= seite offener Kästen ausgebildet und im Bodenbereich mit vorspringenden Teilen (1') gestaltet sind, die von den Verankerungsgliedern (2) umschlungen werden.17. Support structure according to one of claims 1 to 16, characterized in that the external prefabricated parts (1) in the form above and on their inward longitudinal = side of open boxes and are designed in the bottom area with projecting parts (1 ') are wrapped around by the anchoring members (2). 18. Bauwerk nach einem der Ansprüche 6 bis 17, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß als im Hinterfüllungsmaterial (6) eingebettete Anker (4) bogenförmig gestaltete Schalen vorgesehen sind, die von den Verankerungsgliedern (2) umschlungen werden.18. Structure according to one of claims 6 to 17, characterized in that as anchored in the backfill material (6) anchors (4) arc-shaped shells are provided, which are looped around by the anchoring members (2). 19. Bauwerk nach Anspruch 18, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die außenliegenden Fertigteile (1) mit ihren stirnseitigen Randbereichen schachbrettartig gegeneinander versetzt aufeinanderliegen, wobei ihre Lage in bezug zueinander in Querrichtung des Bauwerkes beliebig variierbar ist.19. Building according to claim 18, characterized in that the outer prefabricated parts (1) with their front edge areas are offset from each other like a chessboard, their position in relation to one another in the transverse direction of the building can be varied as desired. 20. Bauwerk nach einem der Ansprüche 6 bis 19, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß horizontale, sich in das Hinter= füllungsmaterial (6) erstreckende Schenkel paarweise zu verlegender, z.B. winkelförmig profilierter Fertig= teile (1) aufwärtsragende Vorsprünge (1') tragen, die sich bei paarweiser spiegelbildlicher Anordnung solcher Fertigteile(l) zu einem vorzugsweise etwa halbkreis= förmig profilierten Vorsprung für schlaufenförmig geführte Verankerungsglieder (2) ergänzen.20. Building according to one of claims 6 to 19, characterized in that horizontal legs extending into the backing material (6) extend in pairs, e.g. angularly profiled prefabricated parts (1) carry upwardly projecting projections (1 ') which, when arranged in pairs in mirror-image arrangement of such prefabricated parts (l), form a preferably approximately semicircular = profiled projection for loop-shaped anchoring members (2). 21. Bauwerk nach einem der Ansprüche 6 bis 20, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß aufrechte, die Sichtfläche des Bauwerkes bildende Schenkel z.B. winkelförmig profilier= ter Fertigteile (1) Ausnehmungen (1") aufweisen, in denen das Hinterfüllugnsmaterial (6) an der Sicht= fläche zutagetritt.21. Building according to one of claims 6 to 20, characterized in that upright legs forming the visible surface of the building e.g. have angular profiled finished parts (1) recesses (1 ") in which the backfilling material (6) emerges on the visible surface.
EP82890167A 1979-04-04 1982-11-12 Retaining structure Expired EP0079880B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT248279A AT362234B (en) 1978-05-29 1979-04-04 HIGH PRESSURE CENTRIFUGAL PUMP UNIT
AT487681A AT380288B (en) 1981-11-12 1981-11-12 CONSTRUCTION, PREFERABLY STUETZMAUER, DAMM OD. DGL.
AT4876/81 1981-11-12
AT24/82 1982-01-05

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EP0079880A2 true EP0079880A2 (en) 1983-05-25
EP0079880A3 EP0079880A3 (en) 1983-08-03
EP0079880B1 EP0079880B1 (en) 1986-09-17

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Cited By (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3516969A1 (en) * 1985-05-10 1986-11-13 Hans 7932 Munderkingen Reinschütz Plantable support structure and method for its manufacture
GB2261244A (en) * 1991-11-06 1993-05-12 Vidal Henri Brevets Facing element and facing system
WO1995030057A1 (en) * 1994-04-30 1995-11-09 Michael John Turner Ground support
US5474405A (en) * 1993-03-31 1995-12-12 Societe Civile Des Brevets Henri C. Vidal Low elevation wall construction
US5487623A (en) * 1993-03-31 1996-01-30 Societe Civile Des Brevets Henri C. Vidal Modular block retaining wall construction and components
US5568999A (en) * 1995-04-03 1996-10-29 The Tensar Corporation Retaining wall block system
US5595460A (en) * 1994-06-06 1997-01-21 The Tensar Corporation Modular block retaining wall system and method of constructing same
US5624211A (en) * 1993-03-31 1997-04-29 Societe Civile Des Brevets Henri C. Vidal Modular block retaining wall construction and components
US5797706A (en) * 1993-06-24 1998-08-25 Societe Civile Des Brevets Henri Vidal Earth structures
WO1998058133A1 (en) * 1997-06-17 1998-12-23 Northern Stresswall Canada Ltd. Retaining wall system
US20230279631A1 (en) * 2016-10-04 2023-09-07 Mark Robert Edmund CURTIS Bulwark structure and method

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3913335A1 (en) * 1989-04-22 1990-10-25 Rolf Hoelzer WALL

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FR656692A (en) * 1927-06-25 1929-05-11 Construction system for quay walls, dikes or retaining walls
US2138037A (en) * 1937-12-29 1938-11-29 Orley B Lane Earth retainer
FR1112729A (en) * 1954-07-29 1956-03-19 Hersent Sa Process for the economical construction of quays and retaining walls
FR2175291A5 (en) * 1972-03-08 1973-10-19 Houy Genevieve
CH545892A (en) * 1973-05-08 1974-02-15
FR2221588A1 (en) * 1973-01-18 1974-10-11 Petit Jacques Reinforced embankment for roads - uses multiple transverse reinforcement wires to maintain walls vert.
FR2233857A5 (en) * 1973-06-14 1975-01-10 Maymont Paul Temporary retaining or stabilising wall - has front panels anchored by a chain link mesh embedded in the soil
US3922864A (en) * 1974-02-25 1975-12-02 Hilfiker Pipe Co Stringer for retaining wall construction
FR2303121A1 (en) * 1975-03-03 1976-10-01 Vidal Henri Reinforced embankment with retaining screen - has reinforcement mesh sections folded into U-shapes so webs form screen (BR210976)
GB1485004A (en) * 1974-09-06 1977-09-08 Environment Sec Of State For T Reinforced earth structures
US4068482A (en) * 1976-08-02 1978-01-17 Hilfiker Pipe Company Retaining wall structure using precast stretcher sections
DE2805096A1 (en) * 1977-02-09 1978-08-10 Ebenseer Betonwerke Gmbh STRUCTURE, PREFERABLY RETAINING WALL, DAM OR DGL.
EP0021449A1 (en) * 1979-06-29 1981-01-07 QUADIE-Bausysteme GmbH Construction such as a retaining wall or the like

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR656692A (en) * 1927-06-25 1929-05-11 Construction system for quay walls, dikes or retaining walls
US2138037A (en) * 1937-12-29 1938-11-29 Orley B Lane Earth retainer
FR1112729A (en) * 1954-07-29 1956-03-19 Hersent Sa Process for the economical construction of quays and retaining walls
FR2175291A5 (en) * 1972-03-08 1973-10-19 Houy Genevieve
FR2221588A1 (en) * 1973-01-18 1974-10-11 Petit Jacques Reinforced embankment for roads - uses multiple transverse reinforcement wires to maintain walls vert.
CH545892A (en) * 1973-05-08 1974-02-15
FR2233857A5 (en) * 1973-06-14 1975-01-10 Maymont Paul Temporary retaining or stabilising wall - has front panels anchored by a chain link mesh embedded in the soil
US3922864A (en) * 1974-02-25 1975-12-02 Hilfiker Pipe Co Stringer for retaining wall construction
GB1485004A (en) * 1974-09-06 1977-09-08 Environment Sec Of State For T Reinforced earth structures
FR2303121A1 (en) * 1975-03-03 1976-10-01 Vidal Henri Reinforced embankment with retaining screen - has reinforcement mesh sections folded into U-shapes so webs form screen (BR210976)
US4068482A (en) * 1976-08-02 1978-01-17 Hilfiker Pipe Company Retaining wall structure using precast stretcher sections
DE2805096A1 (en) * 1977-02-09 1978-08-10 Ebenseer Betonwerke Gmbh STRUCTURE, PREFERABLY RETAINING WALL, DAM OR DGL.
EP0021449A1 (en) * 1979-06-29 1981-01-07 QUADIE-Bausysteme GmbH Construction such as a retaining wall or the like

Cited By (15)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3516969A1 (en) * 1985-05-10 1986-11-13 Hans 7932 Munderkingen Reinschütz Plantable support structure and method for its manufacture
GB2261244A (en) * 1991-11-06 1993-05-12 Vidal Henri Brevets Facing element and facing system
GB2261244B (en) * 1991-11-06 1995-09-20 Vidal Henri Brevets Earth structure and facing element therefor
US5624211A (en) * 1993-03-31 1997-04-29 Societe Civile Des Brevets Henri C. Vidal Modular block retaining wall construction and components
US5474405A (en) * 1993-03-31 1995-12-12 Societe Civile Des Brevets Henri C. Vidal Low elevation wall construction
US5487623A (en) * 1993-03-31 1996-01-30 Societe Civile Des Brevets Henri C. Vidal Modular block retaining wall construction and components
US5507599A (en) * 1993-03-31 1996-04-16 Societe Civile Des Brevets Henri C. Vidal Modular block retaining wall construction and components
US5797706A (en) * 1993-06-24 1998-08-25 Societe Civile Des Brevets Henri Vidal Earth structures
WO1995030057A1 (en) * 1994-04-30 1995-11-09 Michael John Turner Ground support
US5595460A (en) * 1994-06-06 1997-01-21 The Tensar Corporation Modular block retaining wall system and method of constructing same
US5568999A (en) * 1995-04-03 1996-10-29 The Tensar Corporation Retaining wall block system
WO1998058133A1 (en) * 1997-06-17 1998-12-23 Northern Stresswall Canada Ltd. Retaining wall system
US6113316A (en) * 1997-06-17 2000-09-05 Northern Stresswall Canada Ltd. Retaining wall system
AU731399B2 (en) * 1997-06-17 2001-03-29 Northern Stresswall Canada Ltd. Retaining wall system
US20230279631A1 (en) * 2016-10-04 2023-09-07 Mark Robert Edmund CURTIS Bulwark structure and method

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0079880B1 (en) 1986-09-17
EP0079880A3 (en) 1983-08-03

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