EP0055504B1 - Method and structural element for erecting a building and building thus formed - Google Patents

Method and structural element for erecting a building and building thus formed Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0055504B1
EP0055504B1 EP81201399A EP81201399A EP0055504B1 EP 0055504 B1 EP0055504 B1 EP 0055504B1 EP 81201399 A EP81201399 A EP 81201399A EP 81201399 A EP81201399 A EP 81201399A EP 0055504 B1 EP0055504 B1 EP 0055504B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
networks
elements
building
structural elements
rubble
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
EP81201399A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0055504A1 (en
Inventor
Augustinus Wilhelmus Maria Bertels
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Nagron Steel and Aluminium BV
Original Assignee
Nagron Steel and Aluminium BV
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Nagron Steel and Aluminium BV filed Critical Nagron Steel and Aluminium BV
Priority to AT81201399T priority Critical patent/ATE14328T1/en
Publication of EP0055504A1 publication Critical patent/EP0055504A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0055504B1 publication Critical patent/EP0055504B1/en
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B2/00—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls
    • E04B2/84—Walls made by casting, pouring, or tamping in situ
    • E04B2/86—Walls made by casting, pouring, or tamping in situ made in permanent forms
    • E04B2/8658—Walls made by casting, pouring, or tamping in situ made in permanent forms using wire netting, a lattice or the like as form leaves
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/16—Structures made from masses, e.g. of concrete, cast or similarly formed in situ with or without making use of additional elements, such as permanent forms, substructures to be coated with load-bearing material
    • E04B1/161—Structures made from masses, e.g. of concrete, cast or similarly formed in situ with or without making use of additional elements, such as permanent forms, substructures to be coated with load-bearing material with vertical and horizontal slabs, both being partially cast in situ

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method of erecting a building, in which panels are formed in situ by pouring a filling substance containing rubble into space bounded by standing networks of tension-resistant wires, said networks constituting structural elements.
  • a further purpose of the invention is to provide a method for erecting buildings of a very high quality and even earthquake resistant, without the need of highly trained personnel and craftsmanship and substantially without the need of using tools.
  • each of said standing networks consists of a framework-element to which the network of the tension-resistant wires is secured, adjacent pre-fabricated framework-elements are interconnected by means of tie elements, two opposed framework-elements, forming between them a chute space are intercoupled by means of coupling elements and the filling substance is brought into direct contact with the standing networks.
  • the rubble is broken up into lumps of a size in the order of magnitude of the mesh of the network.
  • the building according to the invention is resistant to earthquakes and fire both after and during the building activities.
  • the local population is capable of carrying out this method within a short period of time, which may help to overcome the apathy that may be felt after an earthquake.
  • the rubble-filled panels have satisfactory insulation and climatological properties, particularly because of the inertia in heating up and cooling down. It is preferred that on the outer side of the space a plaster layer is applied to the panel.
  • Unskilled labourers can apply plaster coating to a coarse substrate of gauze holding protruding brick parts. Yet, a solid wall is built up in this way having a well-finished appearance.
  • the coupling elements may be formed by simple metal hooks. If hooks operating as tensile members are arranged between opposed networks of a space, the material of the networks may be thinner and/or the panel will have flatter side surfaces.
  • the method of the invention may be characterized in that for completing a cage construction structural elements used as thresholds are connected by means of tie elements with adjacent structural elements.
  • the invention relates to a structural element intended and adapted to be used in the method according to the invention as described above.
  • a structural element may be characterized by four angular profiles welded to one another, in which a network of tension-resistant wires is secured.
  • a building 1 of Fig. 1 is erected on a simple, substantially levelled-out, fairly hard ground 7, for example, of sand or rubble are formed standing panels 6 by forming chute spaces 3 by means of structural elements 2 and by filling out said spaces 3 with a filling substance 8.
  • the wires 12 are spotwelded to one another at crossings 13.
  • a chute space 3 is each time formed between two standing structural elements 2 at a relative distance g of 25 cm, intercoupled by means of coupling elements 9.
  • the coupling elements 9 are formed simply by a pull rod 17 having hook-like ends 18 inserted into holes 16 of the angular profiles 11.
  • Fig. 9 shows a further coupling element 20 having Z-shaped ends 21.
  • a pair of structural elements 2 as shown in Fig. 11 can be transported to the site in the form of a folded-up unit.
  • a pair of structural elements may be intercoupled by means of link-shaped coupling elements provided, for example, with locking means fixing them in their relative working positions.
  • the networks 5 are coupled with one another by means of hooks 22 (Fig. 12) operating as tensile members and distributed along the surface of the networks 5.
  • the hooks 22 may be shaped in the form of an S.
  • the neighbouring structural elements 2 are interconnected by means of tie elements 23 consisting of reinforcing bar 24 having two bent-over ends 25 to be embedded in the filling substance 8 and being passed through holes 16 of angular profiles 11.
  • a narrow strip 27 of gauze of the same type as that of the network 5 can be inserted to locally close the chute space 3.
  • the filling substance 8 is poured into them preferably in alternating layers of rubble and cement mortar. If the cement mortar is thin-liquid, the cement mortar flowing across the networks 5 is collected and again poured out from above or it is retained, for example, by means of boards manually held on the network 5 or it is smeared by means of a small board to the outside of the network to form a plaster coating. As the case may be, cement mortar may be applied simultaneously or afterwards to the outer side as a plaster coating.
  • the building 1 comprises as many identical structural elements 2 as possible.
  • the structural elements 29 of Fig. 16 are employed.
  • the structural elements 29 are coupled by means of coupling elements 9 with adjacent structural elements 2 in order to complete an earthquake-resistant cage construction.
  • the roof 31 is made by forming a chute space 32 by means of waste casing sheets 34 of trapezoidal profile on the underside. As the case may be, structural elements 2 held at a higher level by means of blocks 41 may retain the top sides of these chute spaces 32.
  • the gap between the casing sheets 34 of the walls of the building is sealed, for example, by means of a strip 43 of synthetic foam.
  • balustrade 45 is placed by using structural elements 2 standing on their sides.
  • the roof 31 is supported in the middle by girders 46, for which a console 48, for example, of the kind shown in Fig. 15, is arranged on an intermediate wall 47 and an end wall 49.
  • the roof 31 is made so heavy that anchoring to the walls is not necessary. If desired, anchors may be arranged between the roof 31 and the walls.

Abstract

The invention relates to a method of erecting a building in which panels are formed by pouring a filling substance in chute spaces against erected networks. According to a known method of that kind prior to casting the concrete the networks are fastened to a scaffolding frame, which is removed after the concrete has cured. Releasably securing the networks to the scaffolding frame is an operation requiring craftsmanship. The invention has for its object to provide a simple method. For this purpose, in the method embodying the invention, the panels are formed by chute spaces which are formed by filling with a filling substance structural elements consisting of frameworks and networks carried by said frameworks.

Description

  • The invention relates to a method of erecting a building, in which panels are formed in situ by pouring a filling substance containing rubble into space bounded by standing networks of tension-resistant wires, said networks constituting structural elements.
  • Such a method is known from GB-A-280,074. This prior art specification describes a method for erecting a building consisting of building elements, which are moulded in situ. According to this prior art reference use is made of closed wall elements having rather heavy weights. These heavy weights are a problem in view of the transportation of the building elements from the factory to the place where the building has to be erected. A further disadvantage of the method described in the above-mentioned prior art specification is the need of using means to ensure and maintain a predetermined spacing between the standing networks, causing the need of additional method steps in the erection of a building.
  • It is a general purpose of the invention to provide a method avoiding the disadvantages of the prior art referred to above, particularly a method according to which a transportation of the building elements is relatively easy and cheap, whilst further the number of method steps is decreased.
  • A further purpose of the invention is to provide a method for erecting buildings of a very high quality and even earthquake resistant, without the need of highly trained personnel and craftsmanship and substantially without the need of using tools.
  • In order to realize the above objectives the invention provides a method of type mentioned in the preamble, according to which method each of said standing networks consists of a framework-element to which the network of the tension-resistant wires is secured, adjacent pre-fabricated framework-elements are interconnected by means of tie elements, two opposed framework-elements, forming between them a chute space are intercoupled by means of coupling elements and the filling substance is brought into direct contact with the standing networks.
  • It will be clear that the method according to the invention is particularly well-suited for application in regions where a catastrophy has taken place, due to which buildings, such as houses, offices, hospitals, schools have been damaged or even destroyed, such as in the case of an earthquake.
  • It should be noted that from US-A-3,638,382 a concrete wall structure is known. From this prior art specification it is known to use a network consisting of wires and secured to vertical beams. No use is made of pre-fabricated framework elements, whilst further no use is made of a filling substance containing rubble.
  • Further reference is made to Dutch patent specification 41,677. According to the technique described in that specification prior to casting the concrete in a chute space the networks are fastened to a scaffolding frame, which is removed after the concrete has cured. Releasably securing the networks to the scaffolding frame is an operation requiring craftsmanship.
  • Summarizing it is remarked that the specific advantages of the method according to the invention reside in the combination of light weight structural elements provided with networks and the use of rubble as a component of the filling substance, in such a way that a readily transportable type of structural element may be used and the need of using tools and highly trained personnel is avoided.
  • Preferably the rubble is broken up into lumps of a size in the order of magnitude of the mesh of the network.
  • The building according to the invention is resistant to earthquakes and fire both after and during the building activities. The local population is capable of carrying out this method within a short period of time, which may help to overcome the apathy that may be felt after an earthquake.
  • It is preferred to use as filling substance alternating layers of rubble and binders such as mortar, arranged in the spaces.
  • It is in this case not necessary to mix in advance the rubble and the mortar, whilst finally adequate adhesion between mortar and rubble is nevertheless obtained. The rubble-filled panels have satisfactory insulation and climatological properties, particularly because of the inertia in heating up and cooling down. It is preferred that on the outer side of the space a plaster layer is applied to the panel.
  • Unskilled labourers can apply plaster coating to a coarse substrate of gauze holding protruding brick parts. Yet, a solid wall is built up in this way having a well-finished appearance.
  • The coupling elements may be formed by simple metal hooks. If hooks operating as tensile members are arranged between opposed networks of a space, the material of the networks may be thinner and/or the panel will have flatter side surfaces.
  • In a further variant, the method of the invention may be characterized in that for completing a cage construction structural elements used as thresholds are connected by means of tie elements with adjacent structural elements.
  • Furthermore the invention relates to a structural element intended and adapted to be used in the method according to the invention as described above. Such a structural element may be characterized by four angular profiles welded to one another, in which a network of tension-resistant wires is secured.
  • In the following description the invention will be explained with reference to a drawing.
  • The drawing shows in:
    • Fig. 1 a perspective elevational view of a building constructed by carrying out the method embodying the invention,
    • Fig. 2 on an enlarged scale detail II of Fig. 1 during the performance of the method embodying the invention,
    • Fig. 3 a perspective view of a structural element of Fig. 2,
    • Fig. 4 a perspective view of a structural element,
    • Fig. 5 an enlarged perspective view of detail V of Fig. 3,
    • Fig. 6 an enlarged sectional view taken on the line VI-VI of Fig. 3,
    • Fig. 7 a perspective view of a chute space for a panel,
    • Fig. 8 an enlarged perspective view of detail VIII of Fig. 2,
    • Fig. 9 a variant of Fig. 8,
    • Fig. 10 an enlarged side elevation of detail X of Fig. 2,
    • Fig. 11 detail X of Fig. 7 in a transport position,
    • Figs. 12 and 13 an enlarged perspective view of detail XII and XIII respectively of Fig. 2,
    • Fig. 14 a perspective view of a different building when the method embodying the invention is being carried out,
    • Fig. 15 on an enlarged scale detail XV of Fig. 14, and
    • Fig. 16 on an enlarged scale detail XVI in Fig. 1.
  • By the method embodying the invention a building 1 of Fig. 1 is erected on a simple, substantially levelled-out, fairly hard ground 7, for example, of sand or rubble are formed standing panels 6 by forming chute spaces 3 by means of structural elements 2 and by filling out said spaces 3 with a filling substance 8.
  • The structural elements 2 each consist of a framework 10 of four angular profiles 11 welded to one another and having a width a = 3 cm and a thickness b = 3 mm, in which a tension-resistant network 5 of metal wire having a thickness c = 3 to 4 mm and a mesh d = 5 cm is secured by welds 14. The wires 12 are spotwelded to one another at crossings 13. The structural elements 2 have a length e = 2.8 metres and a width f = 1 metre and can be readily handled manually. A chute space 3 is each time formed between two standing structural elements 2 at a relative distance g of 25 cm, intercoupled by means of coupling elements 9. The coupling elements 9 are formed simply by a pull rod 17 having hook-like ends 18 inserted into holes 16 of the angular profiles 11.
  • Fig. 9 shows a further coupling element 20 having Z-shaped ends 21. By means thereof a pair of structural elements 2 as shown in Fig. 11 can be transported to the site in the form of a folded-up unit.
  • A pair of structural elements may be intercoupled by means of link-shaped coupling elements provided, for example, with locking means fixing them in their relative working positions.
  • The networks 5 are coupled with one another by means of hooks 22 (Fig. 12) operating as tensile members and distributed along the surface of the networks 5. The hooks 22 may be shaped in the form of an S. The neighbouring structural elements 2 are interconnected by means of tie elements 23 consisting of reinforcing bar 24 having two bent-over ends 25 to be embedded in the filling substance 8 and being passed through holes 16 of angular profiles 11.
  • At a corner 26 a narrow strip 27 of gauze of the same type as that of the network 5 can be inserted to locally close the chute space 3. When the chute spaces 3 are ready, the filling substance 8 is poured into them preferably in alternating layers of rubble and cement mortar. If the cement mortar is thin-liquid, the cement mortar flowing across the networks 5 is collected and again poured out from above or it is retained, for example, by means of boards manually held on the network 5 or it is smeared by means of a small board to the outside of the network to form a plaster coating. As the case may be, cement mortar may be applied simultaneously or afterwards to the outer side as a plaster coating.
  • Preferably the building 1 comprises as many identical structural elements 2 as possible. At the windows and above the doors short structural elements 30 as shown in Fig. 4 and as thresholds beneath the doors the structural elements 29 of Fig. 16 are employed. The structural elements 29 are coupled by means of coupling elements 9 with adjacent structural elements 2 in order to complete an earthquake-resistant cage construction.
  • The roof 31 is made by forming a chute space 32 by means of waste casing sheets 34 of trapezoidal profile on the underside. As the case may be, structural elements 2 held at a higher level by means of blocks 41 may retain the top sides of these chute spaces 32. The gap between the casing sheets 34 of the walls of the building is sealed, for example, by means of a strip 43 of synthetic foam.
  • Subsequently a balustrade 45 is placed by using structural elements 2 standing on their sides.
  • When the span is more than 4 metres, the roof 31 is supported in the middle by girders 46, for which a console 48, for example, of the kind shown in Fig. 15, is arranged on an intermediate wall 47 and an end wall 49.
  • The roof 31 is made so heavy that anchoring to the walls is not necessary. If desired, anchors may be arranged between the roof 31 and the walls.

Claims (7)

1. A method of erecting a building (1), in which panels (6) are formed in situ by pouring a filling substance (8) containing rubble into spaces (3) bounded by standing networks (5) of tension-resistant wires (12), said networks (5) constituting structural elements (2), characterized in that:
each of said standing networks (5) consists of a framework-element (10), to which the network (5) of the tension-resistant wires (12) is secured;
adjacent pre-fabricated framework-elements (10) are interconnected by means of tie elements (23);
two opposed framework-elements (10), forming between them a chute space, are intercoupled by means of coupling elements (9, 20); and
the filling substance is brought into direct contact with the standing networks (5).
2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the rubble is broken up into lumps of a size in the order of magnitude of the mesh of the network (5).
3. The method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that as filling substance alternating layers of rubble and binder such as mortar, are arranged in the spaces.
4. The method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that on the outer side of the space (3) a plaster layer is applied to the panel (6).
5. The method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that hooks (22) operating as tensile members are arranged between the opposite networks (5) of a space (3).
6. The method according to any one of the preceding claims characterized in that for completing a cage construction structural elements (29) used as thresholds are connected by means of tie elements (23) with adjacent structural elements (2).
7. Structural element intended to be used in the method according to any one of the preceding claims characterized by four angular profiles (11) welded to one another, in which a network (5) of tension-resistant wires (12) is secured.
EP81201399A 1980-12-31 1981-12-24 Method and structural element for erecting a building and building thus formed Expired EP0055504B1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT81201399T ATE14328T1 (en) 1980-12-31 1981-12-24 METHOD AND STRUCTURAL ELEMENT FOR THE CONSTRUCTION OF A BUILDING AND BUILDING DESIGNED IN THIS WAY.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
NL8007129 1980-12-31
NL8007129A NL8007129A (en) 1980-12-31 1980-12-31 METHOD AND CONSTRUCTION ELEMENT FOR BUILDING A BUILDING AND A BUILDING SO.

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0055504A1 EP0055504A1 (en) 1982-07-07
EP0055504B1 true EP0055504B1 (en) 1985-07-17

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP81201399A Expired EP0055504B1 (en) 1980-12-31 1981-12-24 Method and structural element for erecting a building and building thus formed

Country Status (11)

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EP (1) EP0055504B1 (en)
KR (1) KR830007985A (en)
AT (1) ATE14328T1 (en)
BR (1) BR8108502A (en)
DE (1) DE3171433D1 (en)
ES (1) ES508428A0 (en)
IN (1) IN155847B (en)
MX (1) MX153496A (en)
NL (1) NL8007129A (en)
PT (1) PT74125B (en)
YU (1) YU307581A (en)

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US7713615B2 (en) 2001-04-03 2010-05-11 James Hardie International Finance B.V. Reinforced fiber cement article and methods of making and installing the same
US7993570B2 (en) 2002-10-07 2011-08-09 James Hardie Technology Limited Durable medium-density fibre cement composite
US7998571B2 (en) 2004-07-09 2011-08-16 James Hardie Technology Limited Composite cement article incorporating a powder coating and methods of making same
US8281535B2 (en) 2002-07-16 2012-10-09 James Hardie Technology Limited Packaging prefinished fiber cement articles
US8297018B2 (en) 2002-07-16 2012-10-30 James Hardie Technology Limited Packaging prefinished fiber cement products
US8458969B2 (en) 2008-01-21 2013-06-11 Cfs Concrete Forming Systems Inc. Stay-in-place form systems for form-work edges, windows and other building openings
US8458985B2 (en) 2007-04-02 2013-06-11 Cfs Concrete Forming Systems Inc. Fastener-receiving components for use in concrete structures
US8555590B2 (en) 2007-11-09 2013-10-15 Cfs Concrete Forming Systems Inc. Pivotally activated connector components for form-work systems and methods for use of same
US8793953B2 (en) 2009-02-18 2014-08-05 Cfs Concrete Forming Systems Inc. Clip-on connection system for stay-in-place form-work
US8943774B2 (en) 2009-04-27 2015-02-03 Cfs Concrete Forming Systems Inc. Methods and apparatus for restoring, repairing, reinforcing and/or protecting structures using concrete
US8993462B2 (en) 2006-04-12 2015-03-31 James Hardie Technology Limited Surface sealed reinforced building element
US9206614B2 (en) 2011-11-24 2015-12-08 Cfs Concrete Forming Systems Inc. Stay-in-place formwork with engaging and abutting connections
US9273479B2 (en) 2009-01-07 2016-03-01 Cfs Concrete Forming Systems Inc. Methods and apparatus for restoring, repairing, reinforcing and/or protecting structures using concrete
US9315987B2 (en) 2012-01-05 2016-04-19 Cfs Concrete Forming Systems Inc. Systems for restoring, repairing, reinforcing, protecting, insulating and/or cladding structures with locatable stand-off components
US9441365B2 (en) 2011-11-24 2016-09-13 Cfs Concrete Forming Systems Inc. Stay-in-place formwork with anti-deformation panels
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US11674322B2 (en) 2019-02-08 2023-06-13 Cfs Concrete Forming Systems Inc. Retainers for restoring, repairing, reinforcing, protecting, insulating and/or cladding structures
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US7713615B2 (en) 2001-04-03 2010-05-11 James Hardie International Finance B.V. Reinforced fiber cement article and methods of making and installing the same
US8281535B2 (en) 2002-07-16 2012-10-09 James Hardie Technology Limited Packaging prefinished fiber cement articles
US8297018B2 (en) 2002-07-16 2012-10-30 James Hardie Technology Limited Packaging prefinished fiber cement products
US7993570B2 (en) 2002-10-07 2011-08-09 James Hardie Technology Limited Durable medium-density fibre cement composite
US7998571B2 (en) 2004-07-09 2011-08-16 James Hardie Technology Limited Composite cement article incorporating a powder coating and methods of making same
US8993462B2 (en) 2006-04-12 2015-03-31 James Hardie Technology Limited Surface sealed reinforced building element
US8458985B2 (en) 2007-04-02 2013-06-11 Cfs Concrete Forming Systems Inc. Fastener-receiving components for use in concrete structures
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US8458969B2 (en) 2008-01-21 2013-06-11 Cfs Concrete Forming Systems Inc. Stay-in-place form systems for form-work edges, windows and other building openings
US9273479B2 (en) 2009-01-07 2016-03-01 Cfs Concrete Forming Systems Inc. Methods and apparatus for restoring, repairing, reinforcing and/or protecting structures using concrete
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US9273477B2 (en) 2009-02-18 2016-03-01 Cfs Concrete Forming Systems Inc. Clip-on connection system for stay-in-place form-work
US8793953B2 (en) 2009-02-18 2014-08-05 Cfs Concrete Forming Systems Inc. Clip-on connection system for stay-in-place form-work
US8943774B2 (en) 2009-04-27 2015-02-03 Cfs Concrete Forming Systems Inc. Methods and apparatus for restoring, repairing, reinforcing and/or protecting structures using concrete
US9206614B2 (en) 2011-11-24 2015-12-08 Cfs Concrete Forming Systems Inc. Stay-in-place formwork with engaging and abutting connections
US9441365B2 (en) 2011-11-24 2016-09-13 Cfs Concrete Forming Systems Inc. Stay-in-place formwork with anti-deformation panels
US9315987B2 (en) 2012-01-05 2016-04-19 Cfs Concrete Forming Systems Inc. Systems for restoring, repairing, reinforcing, protecting, insulating and/or cladding structures with locatable stand-off components
US9453345B2 (en) 2012-01-05 2016-09-27 Cfs Concrete Forming Systems Inc. Panel-to-panel connections for stay-in-place liners used to repair structures
US11821204B2 (en) 2017-04-03 2023-11-21 Cfs Concrete Forming Systems Inc. Longspan stay-in-place liners
US11674322B2 (en) 2019-02-08 2023-06-13 Cfs Concrete Forming Systems Inc. Retainers for restoring, repairing, reinforcing, protecting, insulating and/or cladding structures

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ATE14328T1 (en) 1985-08-15
PT74125A (en) 1982-01-01
NL8007129A (en) 1982-07-16
PT74125B (en) 1983-07-01
EP0055504A1 (en) 1982-07-07
YU307581A (en) 1983-12-31
KR830007985A (en) 1983-11-09
IN155847B (en) 1985-03-16
ES8302830A1 (en) 1982-12-01
DE3171433D1 (en) 1985-08-22
MX153496A (en) 1986-11-07
ES508428A0 (en) 1982-12-01
BR8108502A (en) 1982-10-19

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