EP0054154B1 - Breath protection hood, especially for emergency evacuations - Google Patents

Breath protection hood, especially for emergency evacuations Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0054154B1
EP0054154B1 EP81108964A EP81108964A EP0054154B1 EP 0054154 B1 EP0054154 B1 EP 0054154B1 EP 81108964 A EP81108964 A EP 81108964A EP 81108964 A EP81108964 A EP 81108964A EP 0054154 B1 EP0054154 B1 EP 0054154B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
helmet
respirator
mask
seal
inner mask
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
EP81108964A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0054154A1 (en
Inventor
Bernd Grosenick
Günter Von Kopp
Gerhard Pütsch
Stefan Dr. Zloczysti
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Auergesellschaft GmbH
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Auergesellschaft GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Auergesellschaft GmbH filed Critical Auergesellschaft GmbH
Priority to AT81108964T priority Critical patent/ATE10708T1/en
Publication of EP0054154A1 publication Critical patent/EP0054154A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0054154B1 publication Critical patent/EP0054154B1/en
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62B—DEVICES, APPARATUS OR METHODS FOR LIFE-SAVING
    • A62B17/00—Protective clothing affording protection against heat or harmful chemical agents or for use at high altitudes
    • A62B17/04—Hoods

Abstract

1. Respirator helmet, in particular for escape contingencies, comprising a helmet (1) having a wide neck opening, with a window (2) and an external and adjustable strap system comprising tension straps (6a) and a strap (6b) extending around to the rear of the helmet (1), as well as an internal mask (3) situated beneath the helmet (1) and having a respirator filter (4) arranged at the outside of the helmet, characterised by a) a securing flange (3a) formed in unit with the sides of the inner mask (3) in each case and led out of the mask body of the inner mask (3) in the direction of the temples, which is formed as a point of attachment (8) set back with respect to a face-contacting part of the inner mask (3) for the tension strap system (6a) extending externally along a part of the helmet (1), b) a seal (9) situated in each case in the temple area of the helmet (1) between the inner mask (3) and the inner side of the helmet in the area of the securing flanges (3a), which seals off the eye compartment with respect to the neck opening of the helmet (1) which is open at the bottom and in communication with the ambient atmosphere, c) an extension of the seal (9) beneath the externally situated tension strap system (6a), which operates as a sealing line for the eye compartment, and d) an endless extension of the strap (6b) looped at the rear of the helmet (1).

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft eine Atemschutzhaube, insbesondere für den Fluchtfall, nach dem Oberbegriff des Anspruchs 1, der von der US-A-2529 106 ausgeht.The invention relates to a respiratory protection hood, in particular for the case of escape, according to the preamble of claim 1, which is based on US-A-2529 106.

Bei Brandkatastrophen, beispielsweise in Hochhäusern, sind alle im brennenden Gebäude befindlichen und flüchtenden Personen durch Brandgase und Brandrauch gefährdet. Auch verhindern Rauchvergiftungen und Sichtbehinderungen durch dicken und beißenden Qualm oft die Flucht ins Freie. Um den gefährdeten Personen die Selbstrettung zu ermöglichen, sind Fluchthauben-Filtergeräte bekannt, die einerseits die Einatemluft filtrieren, um sie von giftigen Brandgasen zu befreien, und andererseits Augen und Kopf schützen.In the event of fire disasters, for example in high-rise buildings, all people who are in the burning building and fleeing are endangered by fire gases and smoke. Smoke poisoning and visual impairment due to thick and acrid smoke often prevent escape into the open. In order to enable those at risk of self-rescue, escape hood filter devices are known which, on the one hand, filter the inhaled air in order to rid it of toxic fire gases, and on the other hand, protect the eyes and head.

Bei einer bekannten Atemschutzhabe der im Oberbegriff des Anspruchs 1 genannten Art greift die Zugbänderung direkt an der unter der Kopfhaube angeordneten Innenmaske an, verläuft jeweils entlang der Gesichtshälfte des Trägers und durchdringt in Schläfenhöhe die Kopfhaube nach außen (US-A-2 529106). Durch diese Anordnung der Zugbänderung und durch die weite Halsöffnung der Kopfhaube, ist der Augenraum gegenüber der schädlichen Umgebungsluft nicht abgedichtet.In a known respiratory protection device of the type mentioned in the preamble of claim 1, the drawstring acts directly on the inner mask arranged under the hood, runs along the half of the face of the wearer and penetrates the hood at the temple level to the outside (US-A-2 529106). By this arrangement, the Zugbänderung and through the wide neck opening of Ko fhaube p, the eye space against the harmful ambient air is not sealed.

Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, die bekannte Atemschutzhaube gemäß der US-A-2 529 106 derart zu verbessern, daß ein äußerst dichter Abschluß des Augenraumes gegenüber der Halsöffnung der Atemschutzhaube an die unterschiedlichsten Kopf- und Gesichtsformen der Benutzer erzielt und darüber hinaus eine Vergrößerung des Gesichtsfeldes für die Haubenbenutzer gewährleistet wird.The invention has for its object to improve the known respirator hood according to US-A-2 529 106 such that an extremely tight seal of the eye area with respect to the neck opening of the respirator hood achieves a wide variety of head and face shapes of the users and also an enlargement of the visual field is guaranteed for the hood users.

. Diese Aufgabe wird erfindungsgemäß durch die im Kennzeichen des Patentanspruchs 1 angegebenen Merkmale gelöst. Weitere vorteilhafte Ausbildungen ergeben sich aus den Ansprüchen 2 bis 11.. This object is achieved by the features specified in the characterizing part of patent claim 1. Further advantageous developments result from claims 2 to 11.

Die mit der Erfindung erzielten Vorteile bestehen insbesondere darin, daß

  • a) der Augenraum gegenüber der Halsöffnung der Atemschutzhaube vollständig abgedichtet ist und die Dichtpolster ein angenehmes Tragen der Kopfhaube gewährleisten, und
  • b) durch die zurückgesetzten Angriffspunkte der Bänderung an der Innenmaske die Innenmaske und somit auch die Atemschutzhaube einen sicheren Sitz am Gesicht des Benutzers gewährleisten.
The advantages achieved by the invention are in particular that
  • a) the eye area is completely sealed from the neck opening of the respiratory protection hood and the sealing pads ensure comfortable wearing of the hood, and
  • b) ensure that the inner mask and thus also the respiratory protection hood have a secure fit on the face of the user due to the reset points of attack of the straps on the inner mask.

Ein Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung ist in der Zeichnung dargestellt und wird im folgenden näher beschrieben. Es zeigt

  • Fig. 1 eine Seitenansicht der Atemschutzhaube,
  • Fig. 2 eine Vorderansicht der Atemschutzhaube,
  • Fig. 3 ein weiteres Ausführungsbeispiel der Atemschutzhaube in Vorderansicht,
  • Fig. 4 einen Schnitt nach der Linie A-B gemäß Fig.1,
  • Fig. 5 einen Schnitt nach der Linie A-B gemäß Fig. 1, und zwar ohne Bänderung, und
  • Fig. 6 einen Zuschnitt derAtemschutzhaube.
An embodiment of the invention is shown in the drawing and will be described in more detail below. It shows
  • 1 is a side view of the respirator hood,
  • 2 is a front view of the respirator hood,
  • 3 shows another embodiment of the respiratory protection hood in front view,
  • 4 shows a section along the line AB according to FIG. 1,
  • Fig. 5 is a section along the line AB of FIG. 1, without a strap, and
  • 6 shows a cut of the respiratory protection hood.

Wie aus den Fig. 1 und 2 ersichtlich ist, besteht die Atemschutzhaube im wesentlichen aus einer flammenfesten bzw. hitzebeständigen Kopfhaube 1 mit einem im Bereich des Gesichtsfeldes angeordneten Sichtfenster 2 aus beispielsweise transparenter Folie oder Plexiglas, einer Halbmaske 3 als Innenmaske mit eingesetzem Atemschutzfilter 4, der mittels einer Schelle 5 an der Innenmaske 3 und an der Kopfhaube 1 festgeschellt ist, aus einem Ausatemventil 10 und aus einer Bänderung 6. Die Bänderung 6 setzt sich aus einer Zugbänderung 6a und aus einem am Hinterkopf der Kopfhaube umlaufenden endlosen Band 6b zusammen, das einseitig an der Stelle x mit der Haube fest verbunden ist und an der Stelle y in einer Lasche 12 geführt wird (Fig. 1). Diese Anordnung bietet die Vorteile einer Spreizbänderung und die Möglichkeit eines Längenausgleiches, ohne daß die Haube am Kopf verrutscht.As can be seen from FIGS. 1 and 2, the respiratory protection hood essentially consists of a flame-resistant or heat-resistant head hood 1 with a viewing window 2 arranged in the region of the field of vision, for example made of transparent film or plexiglass, a half mask 3 as an inner mask with an inserted respiratory protection filter 4, which is clamped by means of a clamp 5 to the inner mask 3 and to the hood 1, from an exhalation valve 10 and from a belt 6. The belt 6 is composed of a tension belt 6a and an endless belt 6b which runs around the back of the hood, which is firmly connected to the hood on one side at point x and is guided in a tab 12 at point y (FIG. 1). This arrangement offers the advantages of an expansion strap and the possibility of length compensation without the hood slipping on the head.

An der Innenmaske 3 ist etwa in Nasenflügelhöhe jeweils seitlich ein aus der Innenmaske herausgeführter Halterungslappen 3a zur festen Aufnahme einer Schnalle 7 der außen an der Kopfhaube 1 angeordneten und verlaufenden Zugbänderung 6a angeformt (Fig. 2 und 4). Die Befestigung der Zugbänderung an der Kopfhaube 1 erfolgt jeweils über die Schnalle 7, die unter Einschließung des Haubenmaterials an der Befestigungsstelle von außen mit dem Halterungslappen 3a der Innenmaske. 3 durch Verschraubungen bzw. Vernietungen 8 fest verbunden ist (Fig. und 4). Durch die zurückgesetzten Angriffspunkte der Zugbänderung an der Haube, nämlich an die im Inneren der Haube angeordneten Halterungslappen 3a der Innenmaske, wird ein sicherer, rutschfester und stabiler Sitz der Innenmaske am Gesicht des Benutzers erzielt. Außerdem erhält das in die Kopfhaube 1 eingenähte Sichtfenster 2 aufgrund der besonderen Angriffspunkte der Zugbänderung und des besonderen Zuschnittes der Kopfhaube 1 im aufgesetzten Zustand der Kopfhaube eine gekrümmte Form, ohne daß ein sonst üblicher, die Krümmung vorgebender Rahmen erforderlich ist.On the inner mask 3, approximately at the level of the nose wing, a holding tab 3a led out of the inner mask for the firm reception of a buckle 7 of the tension band 6a arranged and running on the outside of the hood 1 is formed (FIGS. 2 and 4). The drawstring is attached to the hood 1 in each case by means of the buckle 7, which includes the hood material at the attachment point from the outside with the mounting tab 3a of the inner mask. 3 is firmly connected by screwing or riveting 8 (Fig. And 4). A secure, non-slip and stable fit of the inner mask on the face of the user is achieved by the reset points of attack of the tension band on the hood, namely on the mounting tabs 3a of the inner mask arranged in the interior of the hood. In addition, the window 2 sewn into the hood 1 is given a curved shape due to the special points of attack of the drawstring and the special cut of the hood 1 when the hood is in place, without an otherwise customary curvature-defining frame being required.

Die Innenmaske 3 weist einen Anlagewulst 3b auf, der als Abdichtung der Atemwege beim Tragen der Maske an das Gesicht des Benutzers angedrückt wird (Fig. 5). An den Seiten der Kopfhaube 1 zwischen der Innenmaske 3 und der Kopfhauben-Innenseite ist jeweils eine Dichtung 9 angeordnet, die den Augenraum gegenüber der unten offenen und mit der Umgebungsatmosphäre in Verbindung stehenden Halsöffnung der Kopfhaube abdichtet.The inner mask 3 has an abutment bead 3b which is pressed onto the face of the user as a seal of the respiratory tract when the mask is worn (FIG. 5). On the sides of the hood 1 between the inner mask 3 and the inside of the hood, a seal 9 is arranged in each case, which seals the eye area from the neck opening of the hood, which is open at the bottom and is connected to the ambient atmosphere.

Die Dichtung 9 kann als ein am Maskenkörper angeklebtes, gestecktes oder geknöpftes Teil aus Gummi, Schaumstoff oder Elastomer ausgebildet sein (in der Zeichnung nicht dargestellt). Die Befestigung des Dichtungsteils kann einseitig oder beidseitig an der Innenmaske und an der Haubeninnenseite erfolgen.The seal 9 can be made as a part of rubber, foam or elastomer glued, plugged or buttoned onto the mask body forms his (not shown in the drawing). The sealing part can be attached on one side or on both sides to the inner mask and to the inside of the hood.

Wie aus den Fig. 4 und 5 ersichtlich ist, ist die Dichtung 9 einseitig am Maskenkörper 3 im Bereich der Halterungslappen 3a festgelegt. Die Dichtung 9 ist als Polster aus z. B. Schaumstoff ausgebildet und ist derart geformt, daß die Form auf die Kopfhauben-Innenseite einen dichtenden Druck ausübt.As can be seen from FIGS. 4 and 5, the seal 9 is fixed on one side to the mask body 3 in the region of the mounting tabs 3a. The seal 9 is made of z. B. foam and is shaped such that the shape exerts a sealing pressure on the inside of the hood.

In einer weiteren vorteilhaften Ausgestaltung ragt die Dichtung 9a über den Maskenkörper hinaus und verläuft über die Wangen bis zu den Schläfen (Fig. 3). Hierbei ist die Dichtung derart ausgebildet, daß die eine Seite der Wangenform angepaßt ist, während die andere Seite Hohlräume oder Vertiefungen zwischen Innenmaskenkörper und Hubaneinnenseite berücksichtigt und ausfüllt. Die Wirkung der Dichtung wird vorteilhaft dadurch verstärkt, daß sie zumindest teilweise unter der äußeren Zugbänderung 6a liegt, wodurch beim Anziehen der Bänderung auf die Dichtung Druck ausgeübt wird.In a further advantageous embodiment, the seal 9a projects beyond the mask body and extends over the cheeks to the temples (FIG. 3). Here, the seal is designed such that one side is adapted to the shape of the cheek, while the other side takes into account and fills in cavities or depressions between the inner mask body and the inside of the hub. The effect of the seal is advantageously enhanced by the fact that it lies at least partially under the outer tension band 6a, as a result of which pressure is exerted on the seal when the band is tightened.

In einer weiteren, in der Zeichnung nicht dargestellten Ausführung verläuft die Dichtung über die Wangen in Richtung der Augenpartie des Benutzers, was bedeutet, daß die Dichtung etwa am inneren Rand des Sichtfensters der Kopfhaube verläuft. Die Dichtung selbst ist hierbei so ausgebildet, daß sie beim Anlegen der Haube und beim Anziehen der Bänderung an das Gesicht gedrückt wird und damit den Augenraum abdichtet.In a further embodiment, not shown in the drawing, the seal extends over the cheeks in the direction of the user's eye area, which means that the seal extends approximately at the inner edge of the viewing window of the hood. The seal itself is designed so that it is pressed against the face when the hood is put on and when the straps are tightened, thus sealing the eye area.

In Fig. 6 ist der Zuschnitt der Kopfhaube dargestellt, und zwar mit dem Ausschnitt für das Sichtfenster 2, dem Ausschnitt für das Ausatemventil 10 und einem U-förmigen Einschnitt 11 für die Ausbildung der Stirnpartie der Kopfhaube, wobei der waagerechte und die senkrechten zusammenlaufenden Einschnitte jeweils einen heruntergezogenen Schnittpunkt a bilden. Durch diese Maßnahme ergibt sich beim Zusammennähen des Zuschnittes eine T-förmig verlaufende Nahtkante am Stirn- und Kopfdeckenteil der Kopfhaube, die bewirkt, daß die Kopfhaube im Stirnbereich gewölbt ist, so daß auch das eingenähte Sichtfenster 2 gekrümmt ist und somit eine Panoramawirkung hervorruft.In Fig. 6 the cut of the hood is shown, with the cutout for the viewing window 2, the cutout for the exhalation valve 10 and a U-shaped incision 11 for the formation of the front part of the hood, the horizontal and the vertical converging incisions each form a point of intersection a drawn down. As a result of this measure, when the blank is sewn together, a T-shaped seam edge on the forehead and head cover part of the hood results, which causes the hood to be curved in the forehead area, so that the sewn-in viewing window 2 is curved and thus produces a panoramic effect.

Claims (11)

1. Respirator helmet, in particular for escape contingencies, comprising a helmet (1) having a wide neck opening, with a window (2) and an external and adjustable strap system comprising tension straps (6a) and a strap (6b) extending around to the rear of the helmet (1), as well as an internal mask (3) situated beneath the helmet (1) and having a respirator filter (4) arranged at the outside of the helmet, characterised by
a) a securing flange (3a) formed in unit with the sides of the inner mask (3) in each case and led out of the mask body of the inner mask (3) in the direction of the temples, which is formed as a point of attachment (8) set back with respect to a face-contacting part of the inner mask (3) for the tension strap system (6a) extending externally along a part of the helmet (1),
b) a seal (9) situated in each case in the temple area of the helmet (1) between the inner mask (3) and the inner side of the helmet in the area of the securing flanges (3a), which seals off the eye compartment with respect to the neck opening of the helmet (1) which is open at the bottom and in communication with the ambient atmosphere,
c) an extension of the seal (9) beneath the externally situated tension strap system (6a), which operates as a sealing line for the eye compartment, and
d) an endless extension of the strap (6b) looped at the rear of the helmet (1).
2. Respirator helmet according to claim 1, characterised in that the seal (9) is formed as a component of rubber, expanded material or elastomer which is glued, fastened or buttoned to the mask body of the inner mask (3).
3. Respirator helmet according to claim 1, characterised in that the seal (9) is secured at one side to the mask body of the inner mask (3) in the area of the securing flanges (3a).
4. Respirator helmet according to claim 1 or 3, characterised in that the seal (9) is produced as a pad, e. g. of expanded material, and is formed in such manner that its shape exerts a sealing pressure on the inner side of the helmet.
5. Respirator helmet according to claim 1, characterised in that the seal (9) projects beyond the mask body of the inner mask (3) and extends over the cheeks to the temples, the seal (9a) at least partially lying beneath the external tension strap system (6a).
6. Respirator helmet according to claim 1, characterised in that the endless strap (6b) of the system of straps (6) is firmly joined to the helmet at a point (x) at one side of the rear part of the helmet and is led to another point (y) within a lashing strip (12) (fig. 1).
7. Respirator helmet according to claim 1, characterised in that each tension strap (6a) is secured on the helmet (1) in a buckle (7) which is firmly joined to the securing flange (3a) of the inner mask by means of screw or rivet systems (8) from the outside, by interpositioning and perforation of the helmet material.
8. Respirator helmet according to claim 1, characterised in that the window (2) sewn into the helmet (1) has a curved shape induced by the particular points of attachment (8) of the tension straps (6a) to the helmet and by virtue of a particular cut-out of the helmet.
9. Respirator helmet according to claim 1, characterised in that the inner mask (3) comprises the exhalation valve (10) and that the air exhaled is discharged downwards from the downwardly open helmet (1) thereby accomplishing a scavenging operation on the valve space.
10. Precut blank for the respirator helmet, according to claim 1, comprising an excision for the window (2) and the exhalation valve (10), characterised in that a U-shaped incision (11) is provided above the window excision (2) and that the horizontal and vertical cuts of the U-shape converge in arcuate form in each case to a point of intersection (a), the ends of the horizontal cut being putted down in the direction of the window (2) (fig. 6).
11. Precut blank according to claim 10, characterised in that the seamed edges of the incision (11) extend in T-shape on the forehead and scalp part of the helmet (1) (fig. 6).
EP81108964A 1980-12-16 1981-10-27 Breath protection hood, especially for emergency evacuations Expired EP0054154B1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT81108964T ATE10708T1 (en) 1980-12-16 1981-10-27 RESPIRATORY HOOD, ESPECIALLY FOR ESCAPE.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE3048276 1980-12-16
DE3048276A DE3048276C2 (en) 1980-12-16 1980-12-16 Breathing protection hood, especially for an escape

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0054154A1 EP0054154A1 (en) 1982-06-23
EP0054154B1 true EP0054154B1 (en) 1984-12-12

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP81108964A Expired EP0054154B1 (en) 1980-12-16 1981-10-27 Breath protection hood, especially for emergency evacuations

Country Status (6)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0054154B1 (en)
JP (1) JPS6058877B2 (en)
AT (1) ATE10708T1 (en)
CA (1) CA1180629A (en)
DE (1) DE3048276C2 (en)
NO (1) NO151879C (en)

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ATE10708T1 (en) 1984-12-15
NO814044L (en) 1982-06-17
NO151879C (en) 1985-06-26
CA1180629A (en) 1985-01-08
DE3048276A1 (en) 1982-07-01
EP0054154A1 (en) 1982-06-23
JPS6058877B2 (en) 1985-12-21
JPS57156775A (en) 1982-09-28
DE3048276C2 (en) 1988-06-16
NO151879B (en) 1985-03-18

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