EP0044695A2 - Blends of algin, tamarind, and a polycationic electroconductive polymer - Google Patents

Blends of algin, tamarind, and a polycationic electroconductive polymer Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0044695A2
EP0044695A2 EP81303236A EP81303236A EP0044695A2 EP 0044695 A2 EP0044695 A2 EP 0044695A2 EP 81303236 A EP81303236 A EP 81303236A EP 81303236 A EP81303236 A EP 81303236A EP 0044695 A2 EP0044695 A2 EP 0044695A2
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
blend
tamarind
weight
algin
paper
Prior art date
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Application number
EP81303236A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0044695A3 (en
EP0044695B1 (en
Inventor
Robert I Yin
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Merck and Co Inc
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Merck and Co Inc
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Publication date
Application filed by Merck and Co Inc filed Critical Merck and Co Inc
Priority to AT81303236T priority Critical patent/ATE16196T1/en
Publication of EP0044695A2 publication Critical patent/EP0044695A2/en
Publication of EP0044695A3 publication Critical patent/EP0044695A3/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0044695B1 publication Critical patent/EP0044695B1/en
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Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
    • G03G—ELECTROGRAPHY; ELECTROPHOTOGRAPHY; MAGNETOGRAPHY
    • G03G5/00—Recording members for original recording by exposure, e.g. to light, to heat, to electrons; Manufacture thereof; Selection of materials therefor
    • G03G5/10—Bases for charge-receiving or other layers
    • G03G5/101—Paper bases
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B41—PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
    • B41M—PRINTING, DUPLICATING, MARKING, OR COPYING PROCESSES; COLOUR PRINTING
    • B41M5/00—Duplicating or marking methods; Sheet materials for use therein
    • B41M5/20—Duplicating or marking methods; Sheet materials for use therein using electric current

Definitions

  • Blends of algin and tamarind have recently been described in U.S. Pat. No. 4,257,768 and in EPO SN 79 302 481.1, filed November 6, 1979. The blend was taught to be useful in paper coatings.
  • the polycationic electroconductive polymer used is Conductive Polymer 261, sold by Calgon Corporation, described in U.S. Patent 3,288,770, and TAPPI, Vol. 50, No. 1, 1967, pp. 26-38. This is a linear chain, repeating ring polymer having quaternary ammonium salt groups on the backbone.
  • blends of the algin-tamarind with Conductive Polymer 261 improve the water retention, film-forming, release (less tackiness), and solvent holdout properties of the polymer.
  • Amounts of algin-tamarind relative to the amount of total solids of polymer plus blend range from 1.5-10% by weight, preferably about 1.6-4% by weight.
  • the best algin-tamarind blend is a 1:4 blend made as disclosed in EPO 79 302 481.1, supra.
  • An example from that publication is as follows:
  • Sodium alginate and tamarind kernel powder are dry mixed in the weight ratio 20:80.
  • the mix is dissolved in deionized water by heating to 74°C for 20 min. with stirring.
  • the solution is cooled to room temperature and concentrations of 0.5%, 1% and 2% are prepared.
  • the blend of algin-tamarind in Conductive Polymer 261 is made by first dissolving the algin-tamarind blend in water (about 2% by weight concentration). Procedures for dissolving it involve slowly adding the blend with vigorous stirring at elevated temperatures to distilled water. Generally, a syrupy, translucent liquid results in about 15 min. This solution is then mixed with the commercial solution of Conductive Polymer 261 (generally available as a 40% aqueous solution), in amounts so that about 96-97% of the final dry coating is Polymer 261 and about 4-3% is the blend. The actual working amount of solids in the paper coating composition is about 12% solids.
  • a 2% by weight solution of a dry blend (4:1) of tamarind gum:sodium alginate was prepared by slowly adding it with vigorous stirring at elevated temperatures to distilled water, and maintaining these conditions until it dissolves (about 15 min). Subsequent solution was a syrupy, translucent, tan liquid.
  • the blend was mixed with CP-261LV at 3:97 weight ratio (based on active solids) and compared to plain CP-261LV in a typical size press color of 12.4% total solids.
  • the drawdown evaluations were made on a 38-pound conditioned Camas rawstock. In each case, three drawdowns were made using a No. 3 Meyer rod and three were made using a No. 10 Meyer rod. The felt side was coated in all cases. Drawdown designations, basis weights and coat weights are listed in Table II.
  • Coatweights were obtained using an analytical balance (before and after application of the color).
  • Alginate alone mixed with Polymer 261 is not compatible; a gel forms which cannot be tested.
  • a property of the blends of this invention is that they stiffen paper when applied at the levels used for coating paper.

Abstract

A novel blend of two components: (a) a blend of algin and tamarind and (b) a polycationic electroconductive polymer is used as a paper-coating composition. The paper coated above has improvement in film-forming, reduction in air porosity, and an increase in oil and solvent holdout. The blend is in the form of an aqueous solution comprising 12% Conductive Polymer 261 and 0.4% of a blend of tamarind kernel powder and sodium alginate, 4:1 weight ratio. The coating on the paper will comprise 90-98.4% by weight Conductive Polymer 261 and 1.6-4% by weight of a blend of tamarind kernel powder and sodium alginate, 4:1 weight ratio.

Description

  • Blends of Algin, Tamarind, and A Polycationic Electroconductive Polymer
    • DESCRIPTION OF THE PRIOR ART
  • Blends of algin and tamarind have recently been described in U.S. Pat. No. 4,257,768 and in EPO SN 79 302 481.1, filed November 6, 1979. The blend was taught to be useful in paper coatings.
  • The polycationic electroconductive polymer used is Conductive Polymer 261, sold by Calgon Corporation, described in U.S. Patent 3,288,770, and TAPPI, Vol. 50, No. 1, 1967, pp. 26-38. This is a linear chain, repeating ring polymer having quaternary ammonium salt groups on the backbone.
    • SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
  • It has now been found that blends of the algin-tamarind with Conductive Polymer 261 improve the water retention, film-forming, release (less tackiness), and solvent holdout properties of the polymer. Amounts of algin-tamarind relative to the amount of total solids of polymer plus blend range from 1.5-10% by weight, preferably about 1.6-4% by weight. The best algin-tamarind blend is a 1:4 blend made as disclosed in EPO 79 302 481.1, supra. An example from that publication is as follows:
    • 20:80 Dry Blend
  • Sodium alginate and tamarind kernel powder are dry mixed in the weight ratio 20:80. The mix is dissolved in deionized water by heating to 74°C for 20 min. with stirring. The solution is cooled to room temperature and concentrations of 0.5%, 1% and 2% are prepared.
    • PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS
  • The blend of algin-tamarind in Conductive Polymer 261 is made by first dissolving the algin-tamarind blend in water (about 2% by weight concentration). Procedures for dissolving it involve slowly adding the blend with vigorous stirring at elevated temperatures to distilled water. Generally, a syrupy, translucent liquid results in about 15 min. This solution is then mixed with the commercial solution of Conductive Polymer 261 (generally available as a 40% aqueous solution), in amounts so that about 96-97% of the final dry coating is Polymer 261 and about 4-3% is the blend. The actual working amount of solids in the paper coating composition is about 12% solids.
  • This invention is illustrated by the following experimental description.
  • A 2% by weight solution of a dry blend (4:1) of tamarind gum:sodium alginate was prepared by slowly adding it with vigorous stirring at elevated temperatures to distilled water, and maintaining these conditions until it dissolves (about 15 min). Subsequent solution was a syrupy, translucent, tan liquid.
  • The other component used in the formulations was Conductive Polymer 261 (Calgon CP 261LV) (1500 cPs at 22°C). The order of addition of components in each color is given in Table I. All formulations made down fairly easily with no major problems.
  • The blend was mixed with CP-261LV at 3:97 weight ratio (based on active solids) and compared to plain CP-261LV in a typical size press color of 12.4% total solids. The drawdown evaluations were made on a 38-pound conditioned Camas rawstock. In each case, three drawdowns were made using a No. 3 Meyer rod and three were made using a No. 10 Meyer rod. The felt side was coated in all cases. Drawdown designations, basis weights and coat weights are listed in Table II.
  • The usual coating, drying and conditioning techniques were used. Coatweights were obtained using an analytical balance (before and after application of the color).
  • A 2% dyed toluene solution was used in the solvent holdout evaluations, using the Weyerhaeuser Chart was used to determine percent penetration.
    Figure imgb0001
    Figure imgb0002
    Figure imgb0003
    Figure imgb0004
  • The combinations drawn from the above data indicate that the alginate:tamarind blend does not adversely affect conductivity of the Polymer 261.
  • Surface resistivity measurements at 20% and 50% relative humidity were nearly identical to the respective CP-261LV coated sheets, see Table III for additional details.
  • Solvent holdout properties of drawdowns coated with the CP-261LV/alginate:tamarind blend formulations were significantly better than with CP-261LV alone, see Table III for details.
  • At the concentration used with CP-261LV, the alginate:tamarind blend appeared to have a significant beneficial effect in reducing sheet tackiness. Table IV gives details of experimental results.
  • Alginate alone mixed with Polymer 261 is not compatible; a gel forms which cannot be tested.
  • Lack of sheet stiffness is a common problem in conductivized reprographic papers, especially at high relative humidities. Where this occurs, one solution is to increase the basis weight of the paper, which is of economic disadvantage. A property of the blends of this invention is that they stiffen paper when applied at the levels used for coating paper.

Claims (3)

1 An aqueous solution comprising 12% Conductive Polymer 261 and 0.4% of a blend of tamarind kernel powder and sodium alginate, 4:1 weight ratio.
2 A paper coated with a conductive coating comprising 90-98.5% by weight Conductive Polymer 261 and 1.5-10% by weight of a blend of tamarind kernel powder and sodium alginate, 4:1 weight ratio.
3 Paper as claimed in claim 2 in which the conductive coating comprises 96-98.4% by weight Conductive Polymer 261 and 1.6-4% by weight of a blend of tamarind kernel powder and sodium alginate, 4:1 weight ratio.
EP81303236A 1980-07-17 1981-07-14 Blends of algin, tamarind, and a polycationic electroconductive polymer Expired EP0044695B1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT81303236T ATE16196T1 (en) 1980-07-17 1981-07-14 MIXTURES OF SODIUM ALGINATE, TAMARIND GUM AND A POLYCATIONIC ELECTROCONDUCTING POLYMER.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US16957880A 1980-07-17 1980-07-17
US169578 1980-07-17

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0044695A2 true EP0044695A2 (en) 1982-01-27
EP0044695A3 EP0044695A3 (en) 1982-12-01
EP0044695B1 EP0044695B1 (en) 1985-10-23

Family

ID=22616295

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP81303236A Expired EP0044695B1 (en) 1980-07-17 1981-07-14 Blends of algin, tamarind, and a polycationic electroconductive polymer

Country Status (8)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0044695B1 (en)
JP (1) JPS5753003A (en)
AT (1) ATE16196T1 (en)
DE (1) DE3172706D1 (en)
DK (1) DK317581A (en)
ES (1) ES503815A0 (en)
GR (1) GR74281B (en)
PT (1) PT73358B (en)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0771671A1 (en) * 1995-11-06 1997-05-07 Fuji Xerox Co., Ltd. Conducting polymer thin film and process for producing the same

Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB1046733A (en) * 1963-04-22 1966-10-26 Albert Wassermann Improvements in making electroconducting materials

Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB1046733A (en) * 1963-04-22 1966-10-26 Albert Wassermann Improvements in making electroconducting materials

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
TAPPI, vol. 51, no. 12, December 1968, pages 552-559, New York, USA; M.F. HOOVER et al.: "Performance-structure relationships of electroconductive polymers". *

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0771671A1 (en) * 1995-11-06 1997-05-07 Fuji Xerox Co., Ltd. Conducting polymer thin film and process for producing the same
US6008828A (en) * 1995-11-06 1999-12-28 Fuji Xerox Co., Ltd. Image forming apparatus including conducting polymer layer for ionic dye intake and release

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JPS5753003A (en) 1982-03-29
DE3172706D1 (en) 1985-11-28
PT73358A (en) 1981-08-01
ES8307273A1 (en) 1983-07-01
DK317581A (en) 1982-01-18
ES503815A0 (en) 1983-07-01
EP0044695A3 (en) 1982-12-01
GR74281B (en) 1984-06-21
PT73358B (en) 1983-06-15
ATE16196T1 (en) 1985-11-15
EP0044695B1 (en) 1985-10-23

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