DE3916875A1 - Signal light esp. multi-compartment signal lights for motor vehicle - uses green, red, and blue LED's combined so that single light is given with help of mix optics - Google Patents

Signal light esp. multi-compartment signal lights for motor vehicle - uses green, red, and blue LED's combined so that single light is given with help of mix optics

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Publication number
DE3916875A1
DE3916875A1 DE3916875A DE3916875A DE3916875A1 DE 3916875 A1 DE3916875 A1 DE 3916875A1 DE 3916875 A DE3916875 A DE 3916875A DE 3916875 A DE3916875 A DE 3916875A DE 3916875 A1 DE3916875 A1 DE 3916875A1
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Germany
Prior art keywords
light
signal
emitting diodes
red
green
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DE3916875A
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German (de)
Inventor
Werner Stoeckel-Menzel
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ULLMANN ULO WERK
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ULLMANN ULO WERK
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Priority to DE3916875A priority Critical patent/DE3916875A1/en
Publication of DE3916875A1 publication Critical patent/DE3916875A1/en
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Classifications

    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60QARRANGEMENT OF SIGNALLING OR LIGHTING DEVICES, THE MOUNTING OR SUPPORTING THEREOF OR CIRCUITS THEREFOR, FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60Q1/00Arrangement of optical signalling or lighting devices, the mounting or supporting thereof or circuits therefor
    • B60Q1/26Arrangement of optical signalling or lighting devices, the mounting or supporting thereof or circuits therefor the devices being primarily intended to indicate the vehicle, or parts thereof, or to give signals, to other traffic
    • B60Q1/2696Mounting of devices using LEDs
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21LIGHTING
    • F21SNON-PORTABLE LIGHTING DEVICES; SYSTEMS THEREOF; VEHICLE LIGHTING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLE EXTERIORS
    • F21S43/00Signalling devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. brake lamps, direction indicator lights or reversing lights
    • F21S43/10Signalling devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. brake lamps, direction indicator lights or reversing lights characterised by the light source
    • F21S43/13Signalling devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. brake lamps, direction indicator lights or reversing lights characterised by the light source characterised by the type of light source
    • F21S43/14Light emitting diodes [LED]
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21LIGHTING
    • F21SNON-PORTABLE LIGHTING DEVICES; SYSTEMS THEREOF; VEHICLE LIGHTING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLE EXTERIORS
    • F21S43/00Signalling devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. brake lamps, direction indicator lights or reversing lights
    • F21S43/20Signalling devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. brake lamps, direction indicator lights or reversing lights characterised by refractors, transparent cover plates, light guides or filters
    • F21S43/255Filters
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21LIGHTING
    • F21SNON-PORTABLE LIGHTING DEVICES; SYSTEMS THEREOF; VEHICLE LIGHTING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLE EXTERIORS
    • F21S43/00Signalling devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. brake lamps, direction indicator lights or reversing lights
    • F21S43/20Signalling devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. brake lamps, direction indicator lights or reversing lights characterised by refractors, transparent cover plates, light guides or filters
    • F21S43/26Refractors, transparent cover plates, light guides or filters not provided in groups F21S43/235 - F21S43/255
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60QARRANGEMENT OF SIGNALLING OR LIGHTING DEVICES, THE MOUNTING OR SUPPORTING THEREOF OR CIRCUITS THEREFOR, FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60Q2400/00Special features or arrangements of exterior signal lamps for vehicles
    • B60Q2400/20Multi-color single source or LED matrix, e.g. yellow blinker and red brake lamp generated by single lamp

Abstract

The LEDs or LED chips are provided as light source for producing at least two different coloured light and/or signal functions, which are acted on selectively separately or together with a voltage. The three LEDs (6, 7, 8) in the colours red, blue and green or yellow are combined to a common light source (3, 3'), arranged with the closest possible spacing and are designed, so that the light of the complementary colours radiated from the light diodes (6, 7, 8) of the colours: red and green or red and yellow with simultaneous common loading, corresponds to the blue or the blue-green of the third LED (7). Each of the combined light sources (3, 3') are assigned optical elements (4, 5), which mix the different colours radiated from the LEDs (6, 7, 8) to give a unified appearing signal colour or white. USE/ADVANTAGE - Signal lights esp. multi-compartment signal lights for motor vehicles. Known type developed so that light with usual signal colours including white can be given in motor vehicle mfg.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft eine Signalleuchte, insbesondere eine Mehrkammersignalleuchte für Kraftfahrzeuge, bei der Leuchtdioden oder Leuchtdiodenchips als Lichtquelle zur Er­ zeugung von mindestens zwei verschiedenfarbigen Leucht- und/oder Signalfunktionen vorgesehen sind, die wahlweise getrennt oder gemeinsam mit Spannung beaufschlagbar sind.The invention relates to a signal lamp, in particular a Multi-chamber signal light for motor vehicles, at the LEDs or LED chips as a light source for Er generation of at least two different colored luminous and / or signal functions are provided, which are optional can be charged separately or together with voltage.

Eine solche Signalleuchte ist aus der DE-PS 33 15 785 C2 bekannt. Bei dieser Signalleuchte werden Dreiphasen- Leuchtdioden verwendet, die im unerregten Zustand ein weißes oder transparentes Aussehen haben, bei einer Spannungsbeaufschlagung entweder Rot und Gelb bzw. Rot und Grün aufleuchten, je nach dem, welche Anodenzuleitung mit Spannung beaufschlagt worden ist. Bei der bekannten Bauart können auch Mischfarben erzeugt werden, wenn beide Anoden gleichzeitig mit Spannung versorgt werden, so daß beispielsweise aus Rot und Grün die Mischfarbe Gelb entsteht. Such a signal lamp is from DE-PS 33 15 785 C2 known. This signal light uses three-phase Light emitting diodes are used which, when deenergized, are white or have a transparent appearance with one Voltage application either red and yellow or red and green light up, depending on which anode lead with voltage has been applied. In the known design can also Mixed colors are created when both anodes are used simultaneously Voltage are supplied so that, for example, from red and Green creates the mixed color yellow.  

Solche Dreiphasen-Leuchtdioden bzw. Leuchtdiodenchips sind für die Verwendung in Kraftfahrzeugsignalleuchten noch relativ aufwendig. Es besteht auch keine Möglichkeit, ein weißes Licht zu erzeugen, wie dies beispielsweise für den Rückfahrschein­ werfer notwendig ist. Für diesen muß daher eine konventionelle Leuchte zusätzlich oder im Rahmen einer Mehrkammerleuchte eine entsprechend ausgebildete Kammer vorgesehen sein.Such three-phase light-emitting diodes or light-emitting diode chips are for use in automotive signal lights is still relative complex. There is also no way a white light to generate, such as for the return ticket thrower is necessary. For this, therefore, a conventional Luminaire additionally or as part of a multi-chamber luminaire appropriately trained chamber may be provided.

Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, eine Signalleuchte der eingangs genannten Art so auszubilden, daß Licht mit im Kraftfahrzeugbau üblichen Signalfarben einschließlich Weiß abgegeben werden kann.The invention has for its object a signal light of the type mentioned in such a way that light with in Automotive signal colors, including white can be delivered.

Zur Lösung dieser Aufgabe werden bei einer Signalleuchte der eingangs genannten Art jeweils mindestens drei zu einer gemein­ samen Lichtquelle zusammengefaßte Leuchtdioden der Farben Rot, Blau, Grün oder Gelb vorgesehen, die in möglichst kleinem Abstand zueinander angeordnet und so ausgelegt sind, daß das von den Leuchtdioden der Farben Rot und Grün oder Rot und Gelb, bei gleichzeitiger Beaufschlagung gemeinsam abgestrahlte Licht der Komplementärfarbe zu dem Blau oder Blaugrün der dritten Leuchtdiode entspricht und daß jeder dieser zusammengesetzten Lichtquellen optische Elemente zugeordnet sind, die die von den Leuchtdioden abgestrahlten verschiedenen Farben zu einer einheitlich erscheinenden Signalfarbe oder zu Weiß mischen. Durch diese Ausgestaltung wird es in einfacher Weise möglich, Kraftfahrzeugsignalleuchten ausschließlich aus Leuchtdioden aufzubauen, wobei auch die Funktion eines Rückfahrscheinwerfers mit von den Leuchtdioden übernommen werden kann.To solve this task, the at least three to one in common the same light source, combined red LEDs, Blue, green or yellow provided in the smallest possible Distance from each other and are designed so that the from the LEDs of the colors red and green or red and yellow, with simultaneous exposure to light emitted together the complementary color to the blue or teal of the third LED corresponds and that each of these composite Light sources are assigned to optical elements which are those of the Light emitting diodes emitted different colors into one mix uniformly appearing signal color or mix to white. This configuration makes it possible in a simple manner Motor vehicle signal lights exclusively from light emitting diodes to build up, including the function of a reversing light can be taken over by the LEDs.

Es ist zweckmäßig, wenn das von den Leuchtdioden der Farben Rot, Grün und Blau abgegebene Licht annähernd den Primärvalenzen Rot, Grün und Blau entspricht, so daß eine additive Farbmischung nahezu alle im sichtbaren Spektrum vorkommenden, jedoch mindestens die bei Kraftfahrzeugleuchten üblichen Farben einschließlich Weiß, zu realisieren erlaubt. It is useful if that of the LEDs of the colors Red, green and blue light approximates that Primary valences correspond to red, green and blue, so that a additive color mixing almost all in the visible spectrum occurring, but at least those in automotive lights usual colors, including white, allowed to be realized.  

Vorteilhafte Weiterbildungen der Erfindung sind in den Unteran­ sprüchen gekennzeichnet; dabei bieten die Merkmale des An­ spruches 2 den Vorteil, daß durch Mischung dieser Farben in sehr einfacher Weise weißes Licht erreicht werden kann. Die Merkmale der Ansprüche 1 bis 5 weisen den Vorteil auf, daß eine sehr einfache Realisierungsmöglichkeit besteht, bei der im Handel erhältliche Leuchtdioden verwendet und erfindungsgemäß eingesetzt werden können.Advantageous developments of the invention are in the Unteran sayings marked; the features of the offer saying 2 the advantage that by mixing these colors in white light can be achieved very easily. The Features of claims 1 to 5 have the advantage that a there is a very simple implementation possibility, in which Commercially available light-emitting diodes are used and according to the invention can be used.

Die Erfindung ist anhand von Ausführungsbeispielen in den Zeichnungen dargestellt und wird im folgenden erläutert. Es zeigen:The invention is based on exemplary embodiments in the Drawings shown and is explained below. Show it:

Fig. 1 eine schematische Ansicht des Inneren einer Kraftfahrzeugsignalleuchte, die erfindungsgemäß mit Leuchtdioden bestückt ist, Fig. 1 is a schematic view of the interior of a motor vehicle signal lamp, which is equipped with LEDs according to the invention,

Fig. 2 die Teildarstellung eines Schnittes längs der Linie II-II durch Fig. 1 bei vervollständigter Signaleuchte, Fig. 2 shows the partial view of a section along the line II-II through Fig. 1 with the signals of completed lamp,

Fig. 3 einen Ausschnitt der in der Signalleuchte nach Fig. 1 und 2 vorgesehenen Leuchtdiodenanordnung, Fig. 3 shows a detail of the provided in the signal light according to Fig. 1 and 2, light emitting diode array,

Fig. 4 die vergrößerte Darstellung des Teilschnittes durch zwei der Leuchtdioden der Signalleuchte der Fig. 1 und 2 in einem Schnitt längs der Linie IV-IV durch Fig. 3, Fig. 4 shows the enlarged view of the partial section through two of the LEDs of the signal lamp of Fig. 1 and 2, in a section along the line IV-IV through Fig. 3

Fig. 5 eine Darstellung des Farbdreieckes mit eingetragenen Primärvalenzen und den tatsächlichen Farborten von auf dem Markt befindlichen LED′s, Fig. 5 is a representation of the color triangle with registered primaries and the actual color varieties of on the market LED's,

Fig. 6 eine andere Ausführungsform einer Signalleuchte nach der Erfindung, bei der jedoch eine Mehrkammer­ anordnung vorgesehen ist und Fig. 6 shows another embodiment of a signal lamp according to the invention, but in which a multi-chamber arrangement is provided and

Fig. 7 einen Teilschnitt durch ein Ausführungsbeispiel, bei welchem den einzelnen LED′s Reflektoren zugeordnet sind. Fig. 7 is a partial section through an embodiment in which the individual LEDs reflectors are assigned.

In den Fig. 1 bis 4 ist eine Einkammersignalleuchte gezeigt, die aus einem nach vorne offenen Gehäuse (1) mit einer einge­ setzten Platine (2) und darauf angeordneten Lichtquellen (3), sowie aus einer vor die Lichtquellen (3) gesetzten optischen Anordnung (4) und einer das Gehäuse (1) nach vorne abschließen­ den Lichtscheibe (5) besteht. Wie die Fig. 1 und insbesondere 2 zeigen, bestehen die Lichtquellen (3) jeweils aus einer Gruppe von drei Leuchtdioden (6, 7, 8) die eng zusammenliegend so angeordnet sind, daß sie jeweils an den Ecken eines gleichsei­ tigen Dreiecks liegen. Die drei Leuchtdioden (6, 7, 8) bilden daher in dieser Anordnung die Lichtquellen (3) bzw. (3′), die auf einer Platine (2) im Inneren des Gehäuses (1) jeweils so nebeneinander angeordnet sind, daß sich die dreieckförmigen Lichtquellen (3) bzw. (3′) eng nebeneinander und untereinander in einer Art Wabenmuster befinden, wobei es nicht darauf ankommt, ob die Reihenfolge der in den Lichtquellen (3) bzw. (3′) angeordneten Leuchtdioden im Uhrzeiger- oder Gegenuhrzeigersinn gleich ist. Maßgebend ist, daß jede der Lichtquellen (3, 3′) eine grüne Leuchtdiode (6), eine blaue Leuchtdiode (7) und eine rote Leuchtdiode (8) aufweist, deren Farborte in der Darstellung nach Fig. 5 eingetragen sind. Die dort eingetragenen Farborte entsprechen Leuchtdioden, wie sie auf dem Markt sind. Die Platine (2), auf der die Lichtquellen (3) bzw. (3′) in der eben erwähnten Weise angeordnet sind, ist mit einer Schaltung zur Strombeaufschlagung der Leuchtdioden (6, 7, 8) versehen, welche die Anschlüsse (9) der Leuchtdioden (6, 8) jeweils so verbindet, daß wahlweise die anhand der Fig. noch zu erläuternde Spannungsbeaufschlagung der Leuchtdioden (6, 7, 8) einzeln oder gemeinsam erfolgen kann.In Figs. 1 to 4, a Einkammersignalleuchte is shown, consisting of a forwardly open housing (1) with a recessed translated board (2) and arranged thereon light sources (3), and optical from a set in front of the light sources (3) assembly ( 4 ) and one to close the housing ( 1 ) to the front there is the lens ( 5 ). As shown in Fig. 1 and in particular 2, the light sources ( 3 ) each consist of a group of three light-emitting diodes ( 6 , 7 , 8 ) which are arranged closely together so that they are each at the corners of a triangle with the same side. The three light emitting diodes ( 6 , 7 , 8 ) therefore form the light sources ( 3 ) and ( 3 ') in this arrangement, which are arranged on a circuit board ( 2 ) inside the housing ( 1 ) so that the triangular light sources ( 3 ) or ( 3 ') are close to each other and one below the other in a kind of honeycomb pattern, it does not matter whether the order of the light emitting diodes arranged in the light sources ( 3 ) or ( 3 ') clockwise or counterclockwise is equal to. It is decisive that each of the light sources ( 3 , 3 ') has a green light-emitting diode ( 6 ), a blue light-emitting diode ( 7 ) and a red light-emitting diode ( 8 ), the color locations of which are entered in the illustration according to FIG. 5. The color locations entered there correspond to light emitting diodes as they are on the market. The circuit board ( 2 ), on which the light sources ( 3 ) or ( 3 ') are arranged in the manner just mentioned, is provided with a circuit for applying current to the light-emitting diodes ( 6 , 7 , 8 ), which connects the connections ( 9 ) each of the light-emitting diodes ( 6 , 8 ) connects such that the application of voltage to the light-emitting diodes ( 6 , 7 , 8 ), which is still to be explained with reference to the FIG. , can take place individually or together.

Die Fig. 2 und 4 zeigen, daß beim Ausführungsbeispiel jeweils Leuchtdioden (6, 8) bzw. (7) verwendet worden sind, die mit Kondensorlinsen (10) ausgerüstet sind, welche jeweils vor den lichtaussendenden Flächen (11) angeordnet sind und daß in geeigneten Abstand vor diesen Kondensorlinsen jeweils Kegel­ linsen (12) vorgesehen sind, die so ausgebildet sind, daß sie jeweils den drei Leuchtdioden (6, 7) bzw. (8) einer Lichtquelle (3) zugeordnet sind. Alle der Kegellinsen (12) sind beim Ausführungsbeispiel Teil einer gemeinsamen optischen Scheibe, die vor die Platine (2) und die Leuchtdioden (6, 7) bzw. (8) so gesetzt ist, daß sich die von den einzelnen Leuchtdioden (6, 7) bzw. (8) ausgesandten Lichtstrahlen mischen. Beim Ausführungs­ beispiel ist die Lichtscheibe (5) mit Streulinsen (13) so versehen, daß die von den Kegellinsen oder Kegelprismen kommen­ den Lichtstrahlen von einem Betrachter als ein einheitliches Licht wahrgenommen werden, auch wenn nicht alle drei Leuchtdioden, sondern nur eine oder zwei strombeaufschlagt sind und zunächst farbiges Licht abgeben. Figs. 2 and 4 show that have been used in the embodiment each light emitting diodes (6, 8) or (7), which are equipped with condenser (10), which are respectively arranged in front of the light-emitting surfaces (11), and that in suitable distance in front of these condenser lenses each cone lenses ( 12 ) are provided, which are designed such that they are each assigned to the three light-emitting diodes ( 6 , 7 ) or ( 8 ) of a light source ( 3 ). In the exemplary embodiment, all of the conical lenses ( 12 ) are part of a common optical disk which is placed in front of the circuit board ( 2 ) and the light-emitting diodes ( 6 , 7 ) or ( 8 ) such that the individual light-emitting diodes ( 6 , 7 ) or ( 8 ) mix emitted light beams. In the execution example, the lens ( 5 ) is provided with scattering lenses ( 13 ) so that the light rays coming from the cone lenses or cone prisms are perceived by a viewer as a uniform light, even if not all three light-emitting diodes, but only one or two are supplied with current and give off colored light first.

Es ist natürlich auch möglich, Leuchtdioden (6′, 7′, 8′) ohne Kondensorlinsen vorzusehen, wie dies in Fig. 7 dargestellt ist. Diese Leuchtdioden (6′, 7′, 8′) sind in einer Reflektorplatte (30) derart angeordnet, daß jeder Leuchtdiode (6′, 7′, 8′) ein Reflektor (31) zugeordnet ist. Die auf der Platine (2′) angeordneten Leuchtdioden (6′, 7′, 8′) liegen dabei jeweils in dem Zentrum eines Reflektors (31).It is of course also possible to provide light-emitting diodes ( 6 ', 7 ', 8 ') without condenser lenses, as shown in Fig. 7. These light emitting diodes ( 6 ', 7 ', 8 ') are arranged in a reflector plate ( 30 ) such that each light emitting diode ( 6 ', 7 ', 8 ') is assigned a reflector ( 31 ). The light-emitting diodes ( 6 ', 7 ', 8 ') arranged on the circuit board ( 2 ') each lie in the center of a reflector ( 31 ).

Um zu erreichen, daß je nach Strombeaufschlagung von den Lichtquellen (3) bzw. (3′) ein Licht in der gewünschten Farbe abgegeben wird, macht sich die Erfindung die additive Mischung des Lichtes dieser Leuchtdioden zunutze. Fig. 5 zeigt im soge­ nannten Farbdreieck den sogenannten Spektralfarbenzug (14), welcher die Farborte aller Spektralfarben aufgetragen über X als Ordinate und Y als Abszisse umfaßt. Dieser zusammenhän­ gende Kurvenzug (14) ist an den Spektrumsenden offen. Man pflegt den Spektralfarbenzug (14) durch eine gerade Verbin­ dungslinie der Farborte der Spektrumsenden abzuschließen. Diese Gerade (15) wird als Purpurgerade bezeichnet, weil sie die Mischfarben aus den beiden Spektrumsenden, nämlich Rot und Blauviolett, enthält. Die durch den Kurvenzug (14) und die Purpurgerade (15) begrenzte Fläche enthält die Farborte aller erzeugbaren Farbvalenzen.In order to achieve that depending on the current applied by the light sources ( 3 ) or ( 3 ') a light in the desired color is emitted, the invention makes use of the additive mixture of light from these light-emitting diodes. Fig. 5 shows in the so-called color triangle the so-called spectral color train ( 14 ), which includes the color locations of all spectral colors plotted over X as the ordinate and Y as the abscissa. This coherent curve ( 14 ) is open at the end of the spectrum. The spectral color train ( 14 ) is maintained to be completed by a straight connecting line of the color locations of the spectrum ends. This straight line ( 15 ) is called the purple line because it contains the mixed colors from the two ends of the spectrum, namely red and blue-violet. The area delimited by the curve ( 14 ) and the purple line ( 15 ) contains the color locations of all the color valences that can be generated.

In die Darstellung nach Fig. 5 eingetragen sind nun die Primärvalenzen der Farben Grün, Rot und Blau, wobei die Primärvalenz Rot die Wellenlänge λ=700 nm, die Primärvalenz Grün 546,1 nm und die Primärvalenz Blau 435,8 nm aufweist. Es ist bekannt, daß man durch additive Mischung dieser Primärvalenzen alle vorkommenden Farben darstellen kann.Registered in the illustration of FIG. 5, the primaries of the colors green, red and blue, the red primary valence λ the wavelength are now = 700 nm, the green primary valence 546.1 nm, and the primary valence having Blue 435.8 nm. It is known that all occurring colors can be represented by additive mixing of these primary valences.

Eingetragen in Fig. 5 sind aber auch die Farborte der im Handel erhältlichen Leuchtdioden, die für Rot eine Wellenlänge g peak = 635 nm bis 660 nm, für Grün 565 nm und für Blau 480 nm aufweisen. Erhältlich sind auch, worauf später noch eingegangen wird, gelbe Leuchtdioden mit λ peak=583 bis 590 nm. In Fig. 5 sind die Primärvalenzen Blau mit (16), Grün mit (17) und Rot mit (18) eingezeichnet, während die Farborte der erhältlichen Leuchtdioden (6, 7, 8) Blau mit (19), Grün mit (20), Rot mit (21) und Gelb mit (22) bezeichnet sind. Es wird ohne weiteres erkennbar, daß man durch Vermischung des abgegebenen farbigen Lichtes der grünen LED (6) mit dem Farbort (20) und der roten LED (8) mit dem Farbort (21) den in der Mitte zwischen den beiden Punkten (20, 21) auf dem Kurvenzug (14) liegenden Farbort der Farbe gelb erreichen kann, so daß bei Beaufschlagung nur der roten LED (8) mit dem Farbort (21) die in den Fig. 1 bis 4 gezeigten Lichtquellen (3, 3′) rotes, bei Beaufschlagung der roten LED (8) mit dem Farbort (21) und der grünen LED (6) mit dem Farbort (20) dagegen gelbes Licht erzeugen. Es wird aus Fig. 5 auch erkennbar, daß das durch Mischung des Lichtes der LED′s (6, 8) mit den Farborten (20, 21) erreichte gelbe Licht (22) in etwa der Komplementärfarbe zu der blauen LED (7) mit dem Farbort (19) in Fig. 5 entspricht, so daß bei Beaufschlagung aller drei Leuchtdioden (6, 7, 8 Fig. 1 und 3) ein weißes Licht erzeugt werden kann, welches für das für Kraftfahrzeugleuchten erforderliche Weiß ausreichend ist. Recorded in Fig. 5 but also the color coordinates of the light emitting diodes commercially available, the nm for red, a wavelength g p eak = 635 nm to 660 are, for green 565 nm and comprise nm for blue 480th Also available, which will be discussed later, are yellow light-emitting diodes with λ p eak = 583 to 590 nm. In Fig. 5, the primary valences blue with ( 16 ), green with ( 17 ) and red with ( 18 ) are shown, while the Color locations of the available light-emitting diodes ( 6 , 7 , 8 ) are marked blue with ( 19 ), green with ( 20 ), red with ( 21 ) and yellow with ( 22 ). It can easily be seen that by mixing the emitted colored light of the green LED ( 6 ) with the color locus ( 20 ) and the red LED ( 8 ) with the color locus ( 21 ), the middle of the two points ( 20 , 21 ) on the curve ( 14 ) lying color location of the color yellow, so that when only the red LED ( 8 ) with the color location ( 21 ) is applied, the light sources shown in Figs. 1 to 4 ( 3 , 3 ') red , on the other hand, generate yellow light when the red LED ( 8 ) with the color locus ( 21 ) and the green LED ( 6 ) with the color locus ( 20 ) are applied. It can also be seen from Fig. 5 that by mixing the light of the LEDs ( 6 , 8 ) with the color locations ( 20 , 21 ) reached yellow light ( 22 ) with approximately the complementary color to the blue LED ( 7 ) corresponds to the color point (19) in Fig. 5, so that can be generated upon application of all the three light-emitting diodes (6, 7, 8, Fig. 1 and 3), a white light, which is sufficient for the required for motor vehicle lights white.

Wie ohne weiteres klar wird, wäre es vorteilhaft LED′s zu verwenden, die sich den Primärvalenzen so weit wie möglich annähern. Der Vergleich der Wellenlängen aus Fig. 5 zeigt aber, daß die Kraftfahrzeugsignalfarben Rot (Schlußlicht, Bremslicht, Nebelschlußlicht), Gelb (Fahrtrichtungsanzeiger, Seitenmarkierungslicht) und Weiß (Rückfahrlicht, Positions­ licht) mit Sicherheit erzeugt werden können, auch wenn zwischen den tatsächlichen Farben der erhältlichen Leuchtdioden und den Primärvalenzen erhebliche Unterschiede bestehen.As is immediately clear, it would be advantageous to use LEDs that approach the primary valences as much as possible. The comparison of the wavelengths from Fig. 5 shows, however, that the motor vehicle signal colors red (tail light, brake light, rear fog light), yellow (direction indicator, side marker light) and white (reversing light, position light) can be generated with certainty, even if between the actual colors of the available LEDs and the primary valences there are significant differences.

Es wird mit der Erfindung daher möglich, eine im ausgeschalteten Zustand völlig farblos wirkende, also neutrale und folglich zur jeder Farbzeugfarbe passende Leuchte herzustellen, die außer der Farbneutralität noch den Vorteil einer extrem flachen Bauweise gegenüber herkömmlichen Glühlampen-Leuchten aufweist, wobei Sie unter Beibehalten der flachen Form auch einer gekrümmten Kontur einer Fahrzeugkarosserie angepaßt werden und dieser folgen kann. Trotzdem wird es durch entsprechende Beschaltung und Strombeaufschlagung der Lichtquellen (3, 3′) möglich, alle Kraftfahrzeugsignalfarben einschließlich Weiß zu realisieren. Die Leuchte der Fig. 1 bis 4 kann daher durch entsprechende Beschaltung und Strombeaufschlagung alle im Kraftfahrzeugbau notwendigen Signalfunktionen übernehmen. Entscheidend ist, daß die einzeln abgestrahlten Farben von einer Mischoptik so zusammengefaßt werden, daß vom Auge nur die Mischfarbe wahrge­ nommen werden kann, d.h. daß keine Auflösung in Einzelfarben mehr möglich ist.It is therefore possible with the invention to produce a lamp that is completely colorless when switched off, that is to say neutral and consequently suitable for any dye color, which, in addition to being color neutral, has the advantage of an extremely flat design compared to conventional incandescent lamps, while maintaining the same flat shape can also be adapted to a curved contour of a vehicle body and this can follow. Nevertheless, it is possible by appropriate wiring and current application of the light sources ( 3 , 3 ') to realize all automotive signal colors including white. The lamp of FIGS. 1 to 4 can therefore take over all the signal functions necessary in motor vehicle construction by appropriate wiring and current application. It is crucial that the individually emitted colors are combined by a mixed lens system so that only the mixed color can be perceived by the eye, ie that resolution in individual colors is no longer possible.

Es ist, wie vorher schon angedeutet auch möglich, die Lichtquellen (3, 3′) nicht nur aus Leuchtdioden (6, 7, 8) der drei Farben Gelb, Rot, Grün, sondern auch vier Leuchtdioden in den Farben Gelb, Rot, Grün und Blau vorzusehen, die jeweils zu viert zu einer Lichtquelle zusammengefaßt und mit einer Mischoptik gekoppelt werden. Auch dann ist es bei geeigneter Schaltung und Strombeaufschlagung möglich, die geschilderten Farbkombinationen zu erreichen. Natürlich ist es auch möglich, falls der Be­ darf dazu besteht, durch Beaufschlagung nur der blauen Leuchtdioden das für Polizeifahrzeuge vorbehaltene Blaulicht zu erzeugen.It is, as already indicated, the light sources ( 3 , 3 ') not only from light emitting diodes ( 6 , 7 , 8 ) of the three colors yellow, red, green, but also four light emitting diodes in the colors yellow, red, green and blue to be provided, the four of which are combined to form a light source and coupled with a mixed lens system. Even with a suitable circuit and current application, it is then possible to achieve the color combinations described. Of course, it is also possible, if the need exists, to generate the blue light reserved for police vehicles by applying only the blue LEDs.

Fig. 6 zeigt eine Möglichkeit der Ausbildung einer Kraftfahrzeugsignalleuchte, die in verschiedene Felder in an sich bekannter Weise für verschiedene Signalfunktionen unterteilt ist. In diesem Fall sind in dem Feld (24), das dem Fahrtrichtungsanzeiger entspricht, nur gelbe Leuchtdioden, in dem Feld (25), das dem Schluß- oder Bremslicht entspricht nur rote Leuchtdioden, im Bereich (26) des Rückfahrscheinwerfers die Lichtquellen (3 bzw. 3′) in der vorher erwähnten Zusammenstellung und in dem Feld (27) nur rote Leuchtdioden zum Betrieb eines Nebelschlußlichtes angeordnet. Zusätzlich ist hier noch ein Rückstrahler (28) vorgesehen. Es ist auch möglich, so wie dies in Fig. 1 angedeutet ist, das ganze Feld einer Signalleuchte mit den Mehrelement-Lichtquellen (3, 3′) zu bestücken. Es ist dann möglich, das gesamte Feld jeweils nur für eine Funktion zu benutzen, z.B. als Rückfahrscheinwerfer. Um trotz dieser Ausbildung die gesetzlichen Bestimmungen bezüglich überlagerter Wirkungen einhalten zu können, wird dann vorgesehen, daß die Lichtquellen (3, 3′) über einen Prozessor angesteuert werden. Dieser Prozessor, der an Geber und Sensoren angeschlossen ist, steuert dann die Lichtquellen (3, 3′) derart an, daß Überlagerungen vermieden werden, z.B. das Gesamtfeld in einzelne Felder aufgelöst wird, wenn beispielsweise zusätzlich ein Bremssignal und/oder ein Fahrtrichtungsanzeigesignal benötigt werden. Fig. 6 shows a possibility of forming a motor vehicle signal lamp, which is divided into different fields in a manner known per se for different signal functions. In this case, only yellow LEDs are in the field ( 24 ), which corresponds to the direction indicator, in the field ( 25 ), which corresponds to the tail light or brake light, only red LEDs, in the area ( 26 ) of the reversing light the light sources ( 3 or . 3 ') in the aforementioned combination and in the field ( 27 ) only red LEDs for operating a rear fog light. In addition, a reflector ( 28 ) is also provided here. It is also possible, as indicated in Fig. 1, to populate the entire field of a signal lamp with the multi-element light sources ( 3 , 3 '). It is then possible to use the entire field only for one function, for example as a reversing light. In order to be able to comply with the legal provisions regarding superimposed effects despite this training, it is then provided that the light sources ( 3 , 3 ') are controlled by a processor. This processor, which is connected to the encoder and sensors, then controls the light sources ( 3 , 3 ') in such a way that overlaps are avoided, for example the entire field is broken down into individual fields if, for example, a brake signal and / or a direction indicator signal are additionally required .

Claims (9)

1. Signalleuchte (insbesondere Mehrkammersignalleuchte für Kraftfahrzeuge), bei der Leuchtdioden oder Leuchtdiodenchips als Lichtquelle zur Erzeugung von mindestens zwei verschieden­ farbigen Leucht- und/oder Signalfunktionen vorgesehen sind, die wahlweise getrennt oder gemeinsam mit Spannung beaufschlagbar sind, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß mindestens drei zu einer gemeinsamen Lichtquelle (3, 3′) zusammengefaßte Leuchtdioden (6, 7, 8) in den Farben Rot, Blau und Grün oder Gelb vorgesehen sind, die in möglichst kleinem Abstand zueinander angeordnet und so ausgelegt sind, daß das von den Leuchtdioden (6, 7, 8) der Farben Rot und Grün oder Rot und Gelb bei gleichzeitiger Beaufschlagung gemeinsam abgestrahlte Licht der Komplementärfarbe zu dem Blau oder Blaugrün der dritten Leuchtdiode (7) entspricht und daß jeder der zusammengesetzen Lichtquelle (3, 3′) optische Elemente (4, 5) zugeordnet sind, die die von den Leuchtdioden (6, 7, 8) abgestrahlten verschiedenen Farben zu einer einheitlich erscheinende Signalfarbe oder zu Weiß mischen.1. Signal light (especially multi-chamber signal light for motor vehicles), in which light-emitting diodes or light-emitting diode chips are provided as light sources for generating at least two differently colored light and / or signal functions, which can be acted upon separately or together with voltage, characterized in that at least three a common light source ( 3 , 3 ') combined light-emitting diodes ( 6 , 7 , 8 ) in the colors red, blue and green or yellow are provided, which are arranged as close as possible to one another and designed so that the light-emitting diodes ( 6 , 7 , 8 ) of the colors red and green or red and yellow with simultaneous exposure to light emitted together corresponds to the complementary color to the blue or teal of the third light-emitting diode ( 7 ) and that each of the combined light sources ( 3 , 3 ') optical elements ( 4 , 5 ) are assigned, which diffuse the light emitted by the light emitting diodes ( 6 , 7 , 8 ) Mix different colors into a uniform signal color or white. 2. Signalleuchte nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeich­ net, daß die Wellenlängen der Leuchtdioden (6, 7, 8) annähernd den Primärvalenzen der Farben Rot, Grün und Blau entsprechen.2. Signal light according to claim 1, characterized in that the wavelengths of the light emitting diodes ( 6 , 7 , 8 ) correspond approximately to the primary valences of the colors red, green and blue. 3. Signalleuchte nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die drei Leuchtdioden (6, 7, 8) jeweils an den Ecken eines gleichschenkligen Dreiecks angeordnet sind, welches die Lichtquellen (3, 3′) bildet.3. Signal light according to claim 1, characterized in that the three light-emitting diodes ( 6 , 7 , 8 ) are each arranged at the corners of an isosceles triangle which forms the light sources ( 3 , 3 '). 4. Signalleuchte nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß jeder Leuchtdiode (6′, 7′, 8′) einer Lichtquelle (3, 3′) ein Reflektor (3′) zugeordnet ist. 4. Signal light according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that each light-emitting diode ( 6 ', 7 ', 8 ') of a light source ( 3 , 3 ') is assigned a reflector ( 3 '). 5. Signalleuchte nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß jede der Leuchtdioden (6, 7, 8) mit einer der Leuchtfläche (11) vorgeschaltenden Kondensorlinse (10) versehen ist.5. Signal light according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that each of the light-emitting diodes ( 6 , 7 , 8 ) is provided with a condenser lens ( 10 ) upstream of the light-emitting surface ( 11 ). 6. Signalleuchte nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß jeder der aus drei Leuchtdioden (6, 7, 8,) bestehenden Lichtquellen (3, 3′) eine Mischoptik (12) und eine Streuscheibe (5) zugeordnet sind.6. Signal light according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that each of the three light-emitting diodes ( 6 , 7 , 8, ) existing light sources ( 3 , 3 '), a mixing optics ( 12 ) and a lens ( 5 ) are assigned. 7. Signalleuchte nach Anspruch 6, dadurch gekennzeich­ net, daß die Streuscheibe (5) die Lichtscheibe der Signalleuchte bildet.7. Signal light according to claim 6, characterized in that the lens ( 5 ) forms the lens of the signal light. 8. Signalleuchte nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Leuchtdioden (6, 7, 8) auf einer Platine (2) angeordnet sind, die mit einer vorgegebenen Schaltung versehen ist.8. Signal light according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the light-emitting diodes ( 6 , 7 , 8 ) are arranged on a circuit board ( 2 ) which is provided with a predetermined circuit. 9. Signalleuchte nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 8, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Platine (2, 2′) einschließlich des Gehäuses (1) der Mischoptik (12) und der Streuscheibe (5) einer gekrümmten Fahrzeugkontur angepaßt sind.9. Signal light according to one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the circuit board ( 2 , 2 ') including the housing ( 1 ) of the mixing optics ( 12 ) and the lens ( 5 ) are adapted to a curved vehicle contour.
DE3916875A 1989-05-24 1989-05-24 Signal light esp. multi-compartment signal lights for motor vehicle - uses green, red, and blue LED's combined so that single light is given with help of mix optics Withdrawn DE3916875A1 (en)

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