DE3914526A1 - Liquid crystal display of twisted nematic type - has angles less 90 degrees and uses double refractive material between polarising filters and liquid crystal display - Google Patents

Liquid crystal display of twisted nematic type - has angles less 90 degrees and uses double refractive material between polarising filters and liquid crystal display

Info

Publication number
DE3914526A1
DE3914526A1 DE3914526A DE3914526A DE3914526A1 DE 3914526 A1 DE3914526 A1 DE 3914526A1 DE 3914526 A DE3914526 A DE 3914526A DE 3914526 A DE3914526 A DE 3914526A DE 3914526 A1 DE3914526 A1 DE 3914526A1
Authority
DE
Germany
Prior art keywords
liquid crystal
crystal display
display device
cell
crystal cell
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
DE3914526A
Other languages
German (de)
Inventor
Werner Dipl Phys Bloch
Gernot Dr Rer Nat Schauer
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
BMG Gesellschaft fuer moderne Informationssysteme mbH
Original Assignee
Licentia Patent Verwaltungs GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Licentia Patent Verwaltungs GmbH filed Critical Licentia Patent Verwaltungs GmbH
Priority to DE3914526A priority Critical patent/DE3914526A1/en
Publication of DE3914526A1 publication Critical patent/DE3914526A1/en
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G02F1/1335—Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
    • G02F1/13363—Birefringent elements, e.g. for optical compensation
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G02F1/1347—Arrangement of liquid crystal layers or cells in which the final condition of one light beam is achieved by the addition of the effects of two or more layers or cells
    • G02F1/13471—Arrangement of liquid crystal layers or cells in which the final condition of one light beam is achieved by the addition of the effects of two or more layers or cells in which all the liquid crystal cells or layers remain transparent, e.g. FLC, ECB, DAP, HAN, TN, STN, SBE-LC cells
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/137—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells characterised by the electro-optical or magneto-optical effect, e.g. field-induced phase transition, orientation effect, guest-host interaction or dynamic scattering
    • G02F1/139—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells characterised by the electro-optical or magneto-optical effect, e.g. field-induced phase transition, orientation effect, guest-host interaction or dynamic scattering based on orientation effects in which the liquid crystal remains transparent
    • G02F1/1396—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells characterised by the electro-optical or magneto-optical effect, e.g. field-induced phase transition, orientation effect, guest-host interaction or dynamic scattering based on orientation effects in which the liquid crystal remains transparent the liquid crystal being selectively controlled between a twisted state and a non-twisted state, e.g. TN-LC cell
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F2413/00—Indexing scheme related to G02F1/13363, i.e. to birefringent elements, e.g. for optical compensation, characterised by the number, position, orientation or value of the compensation plates
    • G02F2413/01—Number of plates being 1

Abstract

A film of doubly refractive material (4) exists between the first polarising filter (3) and the liquid crystal cell (5). Preferably, the surface of the first filter (3) or the liquid crystal (5) is coated with the material (4); or the material (4) may be used to attach the filter (3) to the crystal (5). The material (4) is selected to maximise the rotational-double refractive properties of the crystal. ADVANTAGE - Better contrast and temperature stability.

Description

Die vorliegende Erfindung betrifft eine Flüssigkristall- Anzeigevorrichtung nach dem Oberbegriff des Patentan­ spruchs 1.The present invention relates to a liquid crystal Display device according to the preamble of the patent saying 1.

Flüssigkristall-Anzeigevorrichtungen (LCD) der vorge­ nannten Art sind z. B. aus der DE-AS 21 58 563 bekannt. Solche LCD sind transmissiv, reflektiv oder bei Verwen­ dung eines teildurchlässigen Spiegels transflektiv betreibbar. Je nach Ausrichtung der beiden Polfilter zueinander können diese LCD in Negativ- oder Positivdar­ stellung (hell auf dunkel oder dunkel auf hell) betrie­ ben werden.Liquid crystal display devices (LCD) of the pre named type are z. B. from DE-AS 21 58 563 known. Such LCDs are transmissive, reflective or when used transflective mirror operable. Depending on the orientation of the two polarizing filters to each other, these LCDs can be in negative or positive position (light on dark or dark on light) be.

Als nachteilig, insbesondere bei Betrachtung unter größerem Blickwinkel und insbesondere bei transflektivem Betrieb in Negativdarstellung erweist es sich, daß eine Hintergrundfarbigkeit (schillernde Mehrfarbigkeit) störend in Erscheinung tritt.As a disadvantage, especially when considering below larger viewing angle and especially with transflective Operation in negative, it turns out that a Background color (iridescent multicolor) is disruptive.

Der vorliegenden Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, bei LCD′s der eingangs genannten Art die Hintergrund­ farbigkeit und die Restlichttransmission, insbesondere bei Negativdarstellung und bei transflektivem Betrieb zu verringern.The present invention is based on the object in LCD's of the type mentioned the background color and residual light transmission, in particular with negative display and with transflective operation too reduce.

Diese Aufgabe wird durch die im Kennzeichen des Patent­ anspruchs 1 angegebenen Merkmale gelöst.This task is accomplished by the in the hallmark of the patent claims 1 specified features solved.

Die beschriebene Erfindung bewirkt in vorteilhafter Weise eine Verringerung der Hintergrundfarbigkeit von nematischen Drehzellen (TN-Zellen) mit einem Verdrill­ winkel von nicht mehr als 90 Winkelgraden. Vorteilhaft macht sich bemerkbar, daß insbesondere bei LCD in Nega­ tivdarstellung (hell auf dunklem Grund) die Restlicht­ transmission verringert wird, was zu einer Verbesserung des Kontrastes führt. Weiter hat sich gezeigt, daß die Hintergrundfarbe weitgehend temperaturunabhängig ist.The described invention has an advantageous effect Way a decrease in background color from nematic rotary cells (TN cells) with a twist angles of no more than 90 degrees. Advantageous is noticeable that especially in LCD in Nega tive display (bright on a dark background) the residual light transmission is reduced, resulting in an improvement of contrast leads. It has also been shown that the Background color is largely independent of temperature.

Anhand des in der Figur schematisch dargestellten Aus­ führungsbeispiels wird die Erfindung nachfolgend näher erläutert.Using the Aus shown schematically in the figure The invention is described in more detail below explained.

Die Figur zeigt eine Flüssigkristallzelle 4 vom TN-Typ (twisted nematic) mit einem Verdrillwinkel von nicht mehr als 90 Winkelgraden, die sich im Strahlengang zwischen zwei linearen Polfiltern 3 und 6 befindet. Dargestellt ist ein transmissiver Betrieb, bei dem das Licht einer Lichtquelle 1 durch die Flüssigkristall-An­ zeigevorrichtung hindurch zu einem Betrachter 2 gelangt bzw. nicht gelangt je nach Art der elektrischen Ansteue­ rung der Flüssigkristallzelle 5.The figure shows a liquid crystal cell 4 of the TN type (twisted nematic) with a twist angle of not more than 90 degrees, which is located in the beam path between two linear polarizing filters 3 and 6 . A transmissive operation is shown in which the light from a light source 1 passes through the liquid crystal display device to a viewer 2 or does not come depending on the type of electrical control of the liquid crystal cell 5 .

Bei einem bevorzugten transflektiven Betrieb befindet sich noch ein nicht dargestellter teildurchlässiger Spiegel zwischen der Lichtquelle 1 und dem ersten Pol­ filter 3.In a preferred transflective operation there is still a partially transparent mirror (not shown) between the light source 1 and the first pole filter 3 .

Gemäß der Erfindung ist nun zwischen dem ersten Polfil­ ter 3 und der Flüssigkristallzelle 5 doppelbrechendes Material 4 in Form einer Schicht oder einer Platte vorgesehen. Das Doppelbrechungsvermögen dieses Materials ist derart gewählt, daß der Anteil der Rotationsdoppel­ brechung, die das Licht beim Durchtritt durch die Flüs­ sigkristallzelle 5 erfährt, im wesentlichen aufgehoben wird.According to the invention, birefringent material 4 in the form of a layer or a plate is now provided between the first Polfil ter 3 and the liquid crystal cell 5 . The birefringence of this material is chosen such that the fraction of the rotational birefringence, which the light experiences when it passes through the liquid crystal cell 5 , is essentially eliminated.

Ein solches Material ist z. B. eine zweite Flüssigkristall­ zelle oder eine definiert doppelbrechende Kunstoffolie.Such a material is e.g. B. a second liquid crystal cell or a defined birefringent plastic film.

Das doppelbrechende Material 4 kann auf der Oberfläche des ersten Polfilters 3 oder auf der Oberfläche der Flüssigkristallzelle 5 angeordnet sein. Eine weitere Möglichkeit besteht darin, daß dieses doppelbrechende Material 4 als die zugewandten Oberflächen des ersten Polfilters 3 und der Flüssigkristallzelle 5 verbindendes Material ausgebildet ist.The birefringent material 4 can be arranged on the surface of the first polarizing filter 3 or on the surface of the liquid crystal cell 5 . Another possibility is that this birefringent material 4 is designed as the material connecting the facing surfaces of the first polarizing filter 3 and the liquid crystal cell 5.

Claims (7)

1. Flüssigkristall-Anzeigevorrichtung mit einer Flüssig­ kristallzelle des nematischen Drehtyps, dessen Verdrill­ winkel nicht mehr als 90 Winkelgrade beträgt, die zwi­ schen einem ersten und einem zweiten Linearpolfilter angeordnet ist und die zumindest transmissiv betreibbar ist, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß in dem Strahlengang zwischen dem ersten Polfilter (3) und der Flüssigkri­ stallzelle (5) schicht- oder plattenförmig ein auf das hindurchgehende Licht doppelbrechend wirkendes Material (4) angeordnet ist.1. Liquid crystal display device with a liquid crystal cell of the nematic rotary type, the twist angle of which is not more than 90 degrees, which is arranged between a first and a second linear pole filter and which can be operated at least transmissively, characterized in that in the beam path between the the first polarizing filter ( 3 ) and the liquid crystal cell ( 5 ) in the form of a layer or plate, a material ( 4 ) which acts birefringently on the light passing therethrough. 2. Flüssigkristall-Anzeigevorrichtung nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das doppelbrechende Material (4) auf der Oberfläche des ersten Polfilters (3) ange­ ordnet ist.2. Liquid crystal display device according to claim 1, characterized in that the birefringent material ( 4 ) on the surface of the first polarizing filter ( 3 ) is arranged. 3. Flüssigkristall-Anzeigevorrichtung nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das doppelbrechende Material (4) auf der Oberfläche der Flüssigkristallzelle (5) angeordnet ist. 3. Liquid crystal display device according to claim 1, characterized in that the birefringent material ( 4 ) is arranged on the surface of the liquid crystal cell ( 5 ). 4. Flüssigkristall-Anzeigevorrichtung nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das doppelbrechende Material (4) als Verbindungsmaterial zwischen dem ersten Polfil­ ter (3) und der Flüssigkristallzelle (5) angeordnet ist.4. Liquid crystal display device according to claim 1, characterized in that the birefringent material ( 4 ) is arranged as a connecting material between the first Polfil ter ( 3 ) and the liquid crystal cell ( 5 ). 5. Flüssigkristall-Anzeigevorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Flüssigkristallzelle transflektiv betreibbar ist.5. Liquid crystal display device according to one of the Claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the Liquid crystal cell can be operated transflectively. 6. Flüssigkristall-Anzeigezelle nach einem der Ansprü­ che 1 bis 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das doppelbre­ chende Material aus einer zweiten Flüssigkristallzelle bzw. einer definiert doppelbrechenden Kunststoffolie.6. Liquid crystal display cell according to one of the claims che 1 to 5, characterized in that the double width material from a second liquid crystal cell or a defined birefringent plastic film. 7. Flüssigkristall-Anzeigevorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Doppelbrechungsvermögen des doppelbrechenden Materials (4) derart gewählt ist, daß der Rotations-Doppelbre­ chungsanteil des Flüssigkristallmaterials in der Flüssig­ zelle (5) aufgehoben wird.7. A liquid crystal display device according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the birefringence of the birefringent material ( 4 ) is selected such that the rotational birefringence proportion of the liquid crystal material in the liquid cell ( 5 ) is canceled.
DE3914526A 1989-05-02 1989-05-02 Liquid crystal display of twisted nematic type - has angles less 90 degrees and uses double refractive material between polarising filters and liquid crystal display Withdrawn DE3914526A1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE3914526A DE3914526A1 (en) 1989-05-02 1989-05-02 Liquid crystal display of twisted nematic type - has angles less 90 degrees and uses double refractive material between polarising filters and liquid crystal display

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE3914526A DE3914526A1 (en) 1989-05-02 1989-05-02 Liquid crystal display of twisted nematic type - has angles less 90 degrees and uses double refractive material between polarising filters and liquid crystal display

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DE3914526A1 true DE3914526A1 (en) 1990-11-08

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0816897A1 (en) * 1992-06-30 1998-01-07 Citizen Watch Co. Ltd. Liquid crystal display unit and liquid crystal projector using this liquid crystal display unit

Citations (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS5744123A (en) * 1980-08-29 1982-03-12 Hitachi Ltd Liquid-crystal display device
US4408839A (en) * 1981-04-01 1983-10-11 Hughes Aircraft Company Twisted nematic liquid light valve with birefringence compensation
US4443065A (en) * 1980-12-09 1984-04-17 Sharp Kabushiki Kaisha Interference color compensation double layered twisted nematic display
JPS6418122A (en) * 1987-07-13 1989-01-20 Seiko Epson Corp Liquid crystal display device
JPS6450027A (en) * 1987-08-21 1989-02-27 Seiko Epson Corp Electrooptic element
JPH0194317A (en) * 1987-10-07 1989-04-13 Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd Liquid crystal display device
JPH0196623A (en) * 1987-10-07 1989-04-14 Sumitomo Chem Co Ltd Optical anisotropic body
JPH01100517A (en) * 1987-10-13 1989-04-18 Fujitsu Ltd Liquid crystal display panel
JPH01102523A (en) * 1987-10-16 1989-04-20 Seiko Epson Corp Ferroelectric liquid crystal optical element

Patent Citations (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS5744123A (en) * 1980-08-29 1982-03-12 Hitachi Ltd Liquid-crystal display device
US4443065A (en) * 1980-12-09 1984-04-17 Sharp Kabushiki Kaisha Interference color compensation double layered twisted nematic display
US4408839A (en) * 1981-04-01 1983-10-11 Hughes Aircraft Company Twisted nematic liquid light valve with birefringence compensation
JPS6418122A (en) * 1987-07-13 1989-01-20 Seiko Epson Corp Liquid crystal display device
JPS6450027A (en) * 1987-08-21 1989-02-27 Seiko Epson Corp Electrooptic element
JPH0194317A (en) * 1987-10-07 1989-04-13 Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd Liquid crystal display device
JPH0196623A (en) * 1987-10-07 1989-04-14 Sumitomo Chem Co Ltd Optical anisotropic body
JPH01100517A (en) * 1987-10-13 1989-04-18 Fujitsu Ltd Liquid crystal display panel
JPH01102523A (en) * 1987-10-16 1989-04-20 Seiko Epson Corp Ferroelectric liquid crystal optical element

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Title
Pat. Abstr. Jpn., P-125, 29.6.82, Vol. 6, No. 116 & JP 57044123 A *
Pat. Abstr. Jpn., P-868, 11.5.89, Vol. 13,No. 197 & JP 64018122 A *
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Pat. Abstr. Jpn., P-908, 2.8.89, Vol. 13, No. 342 & JP 01102523 A *

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0816897A1 (en) * 1992-06-30 1998-01-07 Citizen Watch Co. Ltd. Liquid crystal display unit and liquid crystal projector using this liquid crystal display unit

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Ipc: G02F 1/1335

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Owner name: AEG GESELLSCHAFT FUER MODERNE INFORMATIONSSYSTEME

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