DE3744348A1 - Composite element for absorbing energy - Google Patents

Composite element for absorbing energy

Info

Publication number
DE3744348A1
DE3744348A1 DE19873744348 DE3744348A DE3744348A1 DE 3744348 A1 DE3744348 A1 DE 3744348A1 DE 19873744348 DE19873744348 DE 19873744348 DE 3744348 A DE3744348 A DE 3744348A DE 3744348 A1 DE3744348 A1 DE 3744348A1
Authority
DE
Germany
Prior art keywords
fibers
composite body
matrix
body according
absorbing energy
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
DE19873744348
Other languages
German (de)
Inventor
Karel Frederik Maria G Scholle
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Stamicarbon BV
Original Assignee
Stamicarbon BV
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Stamicarbon BV filed Critical Stamicarbon BV
Priority to DE19873744348 priority Critical patent/DE3744348A1/en
Publication of DE3744348A1 publication Critical patent/DE3744348A1/en
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08JWORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
    • C08J5/00Manufacture of articles or shaped materials containing macromolecular substances
    • C08J5/04Reinforcing macromolecular compounds with loose or coherent fibrous material
    • C08J5/046Reinforcing macromolecular compounds with loose or coherent fibrous material with synthetic macromolecular fibrous material
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B64AIRCRAFT; AVIATION; COSMONAUTICS
    • B64DEQUIPMENT FOR FITTING IN OR TO AIRCRAFT; FLIGHT SUITS; PARACHUTES; ARRANGEMENTS OR MOUNTING OF POWER PLANTS OR PROPULSION TRANSMISSIONS IN AIRCRAFT
    • B64D25/00Emergency apparatus or devices, not otherwise provided for
    • B64D25/02Supports or holding means for living bodies
    • B64D25/04Seat modifications
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08LCOMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
    • C08L63/00Compositions of epoxy resins; Compositions of derivatives of epoxy resins
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16FSPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
    • F16F1/00Springs
    • F16F1/36Springs made of rubber or other material having high internal friction, e.g. thermoplastic elastomers
    • F16F1/366Springs made of rubber or other material having high internal friction, e.g. thermoplastic elastomers made of fibre-reinforced plastics, i.e. characterised by their special construction from such materials
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08JWORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
    • C08J2363/00Characterised by the use of epoxy resins; Derivatives of epoxy resins
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08JWORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
    • C08J2367/00Characterised by the use of polyesters obtained by reactions forming a carboxylic ester link in the main chain; Derivatives of such polymers
    • C08J2367/06Unsaturated polyesters

Abstract

A composite element for absorbing energy comprises linear, highly stretched polyethylene fibres of ultrahigh molecular weight embedded in a matrix. The polyethylene fibres are arranged parallel to the pressure load direction in the matrix, for example of epoxy resin. The composite elements can be shaped in the form of rods, tubes or sheets.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft einen Verbundkörper zum Absorbieren von Energie, bestehend aus in einer Matrix eingebetteten Fasern.The invention relates to a composite body for absorption of energy consisting of embedded in a matrix Fibers.

Derartige Verbundkörper werden beispielsweise eingesetzt für Fahrzeuge zur Halterung von Stoßstangen oder anderen Teilen, die bei einem Aufprall kinetische Energie in Verformungsenergie umsetzen sollen. Es sind Verbundkörper bekannt, bei welchen Glas- oder Kohlenstoffasern in einer Matrix aus Epoxyharz eingebettet sind. Derartige Verbundkörper, insbesondere mit Kohlenstoffasern können zwar eine relativ große Energie absorbieren, sie weisen jedoch ein unkontrolliertes Verhalten auf und sind derart spröde, daß sie bei einem Aufprall splittern und die mechanische Verbindung zerstört wird. Darüber hinaus sind Verbundkörper mit Kohlenstoffasern teuer.Composite bodies of this type are used, for example, for Vehicles for holding bumpers or other parts, the kinetic energy in the event of an impact Implement deformation energy. They are composite bodies known in which glass or carbon fibers in one Epoxy resin matrix are embedded. Such Composite bodies, in particular with carbon fibers, can absorb a relatively large amount of energy, but they exhibit an uncontrolled behavior and are so brittle, that they splinter on impact and the mechanical Connection is destroyed. In addition, are composite bodies expensive with carbon fibers.

Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, einen Verbundkörper zu schaffen, welcher bei einem großen Energieabsorptionsvermögen ein kontrolliertes Verhalten aufweist.The invention has for its object a To create composite body, which at a large Energy absorption capacity controlled behavior having.

Diese Aufgabe wird erfindungsgemäß dadurch gelöst, daß die Fasern aus einem linearen hochverstreckten Polyethylen (PE) mit ultrahohem Molekulargewicht bestehen und parallel zur Druckbeaufschlagungsrichtung ausgerichtet sind.This object is achieved in that the Linear highly stretched polyethylene (PE) fibers with ultra high molecular weight and parallel to Direction of pressure are aligned.

Ein Verfahren zur Herstellung derartiger Polyethylenfasern mit ultrahohem Molekulargewicht ist beispielsweise in der DE-OS 37 24 434 beschrieben. Dabei wird ein Polyolefin in einem Lösungsmittel aufgelöst, die Lösung wird bei einer Temperatur oberhalb der Lösungstemperatur des Polyolefins zu Fasern verformt, die Fasern werden auf eine Temperatur unterhalb der Lösetemperatur zur Gelierung abgekühlt und die Gelfasern werden verstreckt. Die Verstreckung erfolgt dabei unter Lösemittelentfernung. Damit ergeben sich Fasern mit extrem langen und stark orientierten Molekülen. Derartige Fasern in Verbundkörpern innerhalb einer Matrix aus einem Harz zeigen bei hoher Energieabsorption ein kontrolliertes Versagen, d.h. es ist abzusehen, wie und wann sich der Körper bei statischem oder dynamischem Aufbringen der Last verformt.A process for producing such polyethylene fibers with ultra high molecular weight is for example in the DE-OS 37 24 434 described. A polyolefin is used in dissolved in a solvent, the solution is at a Temperature above the solution temperature of the polyolefin Fibers deformed, the fibers are brought to a temperature cooled below the dissolving temperature for gelation and the Gel fibers are stretched. The stretching takes place with solvent removal. This results in fibers extremely long and strongly oriented molecules. Such Fibers in composite bodies within a matrix of one Resins show a controlled at high energy absorption  Failure, i.e. it is foreseeable how and when the Body with static or dynamic application of the load deformed.

Die Polyethylene können in kleineren Mengen, vorzugsweise höchstens 5 Mol.-% eines oder mehrerer damit copolymerisierbarer anderer Alkene, wie Propylen, Butylen, Penten, Hexen, 4-Methylpenten, Octen, etc. enthalten und 1-10, insbesondere 2-6 Methyl- oder Ethylgruppen pro 1000 Kohlenstoffatomen aufweisen. Es kommen auch andere Polyolefine in Frage, beispielsweise Polypropylenhomo- und copolymere. Ferner können die eingesetzten Polyolefine auch kleinere Mengen eines oder mehrerer anderer Polymere enthalten, insbesondere Alken-l-Polymerer.The polyethylenes can be used in smaller amounts, preferably at most 5 mol% of one or more with it copolymerizable other alkenes, such as propylene, butylene, Contain pentene, hexene, 4-methylpentene, octene, etc. and 1-10, especially 2-6 methyl or ethyl groups per 1000 Have carbon atoms. Others are coming too Polyolefins in question, for example polypropylene homo- and copolymers. The polyolefins used can also smaller amounts of one or more other polymers contain, in particular alkene-1 polymer.

Gemäß einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform beträgt der Anteil der Fasern 40 bis 70 Vol.-% in dem Verbundkörper.According to a preferred embodiment, the proportion is of the fibers 40 to 70 vol .-% in the composite body.

Die Matrix, in welcher die PE-Fasern eingebettet sind, ist vorzugsweise ein Epoxyharz oder ein Polyester.The matrix in which the PE fibers are embedded is preferably an epoxy resin or a polyester.

Die Verbundkörper weisen vorzugsweise die Form von Stangen mit kreisförmigem oder rechteckigem Querschnitt auf. Sie können aber auch die Form von Rohren beliebigen Querschnitts aufweisen oder sie sind gewellt, wobei die Druckbeaufschlagungsrichtung parallel zur Breitenerstreckung der Wellen erfolgt. Gewellte Platten sind vorzugsweise an ihren Rändern eingespannt, so daß bei Aufbringen einer Last oder Schlag- oder Stoßkraft ein kontrolliertes Ausbeulen oder eine kontrollierte Faltenbildung erfolgt.The composite bodies are preferably in the form of rods with circular or rectangular cross-section. they can also take the shape of pipes of any cross-section have or they are wavy, the Direction of pressure parallel to the width the waves take place. Corrugated sheets are preferably on their edges clamped so that when applying a load or impact or impact a controlled dent or controlled wrinkling occurs.

Derartige Verbundkörper sind insbesondere geeignet für Traggestelle von Hubschraubern, für Böden von Hubschraubern, für Halterungen von Stoßstangen oder für Elemente, bei denen mit dem Auftreffen von Stoß- oder Schlagenergien zu rechnen ist.
Composite bodies of this type are particularly suitable for support frames for helicopters, for helicopter floors, for mounts for bumpers or for elements in which impact or impact energy is to be expected.

Die Erfindung wird nachstehend anhand der Zeichnung näher erläutert. Es zeigt:The invention will now be described with reference to the drawing explained. It shows:

Fig. 1 einen stabförmigen Verbundkörper mit kreisförmigem Querschnitt in perspektivischer Ansicht und Fig. 1 shows a rod-shaped composite body with a circular cross section in a perspective view

Fig. 2 den Verbundkörper nach Fig. 1 nach Auftreffen einer Last. Fig. 2 shows the composite body of FIG. 1 after impacting a load.

Bei dem in Fig. 1 gezeigten Verbundkörper 10 in Form eines Stabes mit kreisförmigem Querschnitt sind lineare hochverstreckte Polyethylenfasern 12 mit ultrahohem Molekulargewicht parallel zur Druckbeaufschlagungsrichtung, die durch den Pfeil 14 angedeutet ist, in einer Matrix 16 aus einem Epoxyharz eingebettet.In the composite body 10 shown in FIG. 1 in the form of a rod with a circular cross section, linear, highly stretched polyethylene fibers 12 with ultra-high molecular weight are embedded in a matrix 16 made of an epoxy resin parallel to the direction of pressure application, which is indicated by the arrow 14 .

Nach dem Aufbringen der Last 14 auf den Verbundkörper 10 nimmt dieser eine Form an, wie sie in Fig. 2 angedeutet ist. Etwa im mittleren Bereich bildet sich eine Ausbauchung 18 aus, wobei gleichzeitig die aufgebrachte Energie absorbiert und in Verformungsenergie umgewandelt wird. Je nach Geschwindigkeit der aufgebrachten Kraft bilden sich mehr oder weniger ausgeprägte Ausbauchungen aus.After the load 14 has been applied to the composite body 10 , it takes on a shape as indicated in FIG. 2. A bulge 18 forms approximately in the middle region, the applied energy being simultaneously absorbed and converted into deformation energy. Depending on the speed of the applied force, more or less pronounced bulges form.

Claims (6)

1. Verbundkörper zum Absorbieren von Energie, bestehend aus in einer Matrix eingebetteten Fasern, dadurch ge­ kennzeichnet, daß die Fasern (12) aus einem linearen hochverstrecken Polyethylen (PE) mit ultrahohem Molekulargewicht bestehen und parallel zur Druckbeaufschlagungsrichtung (14) ausgerichtet sind.1. Composite body for absorbing energy, consisting of fibers embedded in a matrix, characterized in that the fibers ( 12 ) consist of a linear highly stretched polyethylene (PE) with an ultra-high molecular weight and are aligned parallel to the direction of pressure ( 14 ). 2. Verbundkörper nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekenn­ zeichnet, daß der Anteil der Fasern (12) 40 bis 70 Vol.-% beträgt.2. Composite body according to claim 1, characterized in that the proportion of fibers ( 12 ) is 40 to 70 vol .-%. 3. Verbundkörper nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch ge­ kennzeichnet, daß die Matrix (16) Epoxyharz oder Polyester ist. 3. Composite body according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the matrix ( 16 ) is epoxy resin or polyester. 4. Verbundkörper nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Polyethylenfasern ein Molekulargewicht von mehr als 60 0000 g/Mol aufweisen.4. Composite body according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized characterized in that the polyethylene fibers have a molecular weight of more than 60,000 g / mol. 5. Verbundkörper nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Querschnitt kreisförmig oder rechteckig ist.5. Composite body according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized characterized that the cross section is circular or rectangular. 6. Verwendung des Verbundkörpers nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 5 für Traggestelle oder Böden für Hubschrauber, Sitze für Flugzeuge, Halterungen für Stoßstangen.6. Use of the composite body according to one of claims 1 up to 5 for support frames or floors for helicopters, seats for aircraft, brackets for bumpers.
DE19873744348 1987-12-28 1987-12-28 Composite element for absorbing energy Withdrawn DE3744348A1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19873744348 DE3744348A1 (en) 1987-12-28 1987-12-28 Composite element for absorbing energy

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19873744348 DE3744348A1 (en) 1987-12-28 1987-12-28 Composite element for absorbing energy

Publications (1)

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DE3744348A1 true DE3744348A1 (en) 1989-07-06

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Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2672351A1 (en) * 1991-02-04 1992-08-07 Hutchinson ELASTIC SUPPORT WITH VARIABLE STIFFNESS.
EP0515992A1 (en) * 1991-05-27 1992-12-02 Nippon Oil Co. Ltd. Process for producing prepreg
WO2007080113A2 (en) * 2006-01-11 2007-07-19 Dsm Ip Assets B.V. Process for the production of a monolayer composite article, the monolayer composite article and a ballistic-resistant article

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3023726A1 (en) * 1979-06-27 1981-01-15 Stamicarbon METHOD FOR PRODUCING FILAMENTS
US4436274A (en) * 1981-02-23 1984-03-13 The B. F. Goodrich Company Vibration dampening support
EP0110021A2 (en) * 1982-09-30 1984-06-13 AlliedSignal Inc. Producing modified high performance polyolefin fiber and film
US4482592A (en) * 1981-02-23 1984-11-13 The B. F. Goodrich Company Vibration isolation pad
US4584347A (en) * 1982-09-30 1986-04-22 Allied Corporation Modified polyolefin fiber
US4612148A (en) * 1982-12-28 1986-09-16 Mitsui Petrochemical Industries, Ltd. Process for producing stretched articles of ultrahigh-molecular-weight polyethylene

Patent Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3023726A1 (en) * 1979-06-27 1981-01-15 Stamicarbon METHOD FOR PRODUCING FILAMENTS
US4436274A (en) * 1981-02-23 1984-03-13 The B. F. Goodrich Company Vibration dampening support
US4482592A (en) * 1981-02-23 1984-11-13 The B. F. Goodrich Company Vibration isolation pad
EP0110021A2 (en) * 1982-09-30 1984-06-13 AlliedSignal Inc. Producing modified high performance polyolefin fiber and film
US4455273A (en) * 1982-09-30 1984-06-19 Allied Corporation Producing modified high performance polyolefin fiber
US4584347A (en) * 1982-09-30 1986-04-22 Allied Corporation Modified polyolefin fiber
US4612148A (en) * 1982-12-28 1986-09-16 Mitsui Petrochemical Industries, Ltd. Process for producing stretched articles of ultrahigh-molecular-weight polyethylene

Cited By (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2672351A1 (en) * 1991-02-04 1992-08-07 Hutchinson ELASTIC SUPPORT WITH VARIABLE STIFFNESS.
EP0498710A2 (en) * 1991-02-04 1992-08-12 Hutchinson Variable-stiffness elastic support
EP0498710A3 (en) * 1991-02-04 1992-09-23 Hutchinson Variable-stiffness elastic support
EP0515992A1 (en) * 1991-05-27 1992-12-02 Nippon Oil Co. Ltd. Process for producing prepreg
US5612125A (en) * 1991-05-27 1997-03-18 Nippon Oil Co., Ltd. Process for producing prepreg
US5723388A (en) * 1991-05-27 1998-03-03 Nippon Oil Co., Ltd. Prepreg of ultra-high-molecular-weight polyethylene
WO2007080113A2 (en) * 2006-01-11 2007-07-19 Dsm Ip Assets B.V. Process for the production of a monolayer composite article, the monolayer composite article and a ballistic-resistant article
WO2007080113A3 (en) * 2006-01-11 2007-08-30 Dsm Ip Assets Bv Process for the production of a monolayer composite article, the monolayer composite article and a ballistic-resistant article
EA012988B1 (en) * 2006-01-11 2010-02-26 ДСМ АйПи АССЕТС Б.В. Process for the production of a monolayer composite article, the monolayer composite article and a ballistic-resistance article

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