DE3406413A1 - Process for the controlled plane-parallel withdrawal of flowable bulk material, in particular in a migrating bed filter, and device for carrying out the process - Google Patents

Abstract

Process for the controlled withdrawal of flowable bulk material at the bottom of a packed bed column (SS) contained in a vessel, in particular in a migrating bed filter (AF) for the purification of gaseous and/or vaporous media and device for carrying out such a process, in particular an adsorption filter. The packed bed column (SS) is regenerated by adding fresh bulk material (1) from above and by withdrawal of used bulk material from the bottom and the medium (GA1) to be filtered essentially flows through the column from bottom to top, the packed bed column is shored up and supported at the bottom by a guide grid (LR), which last is provided with louvres as trickle openings (10) for the bulk material (1). A control grid is mounted between the trickle openings and a barrier grid (SR) below so as to be able to move to and fro between two grating positions (I, II) to regulate the bulk material throughput, which control grid is formed as a grating (GR) in the manner of a light grating from up-ended grating rods (15, 16) crossing each other forming first and second grating chambers (g1, g2) adjacent to each other in the horizontal direction. The first grating chambers (g1) in each case underneath the trickle openings (10) and above the barrier surfaces (14) of the barrier grid (SR) are, in a first grating position (I), [lacuna] as depots for receiving a part-quantity (1.0) of the bulk material backed-up on the barrier surfaces and the second, at least ... Original abstract incomplete. <IMAGE>

Description

Process for the controlled plane-parallel withdrawal of

flowable bulk material, especially in the case of a moving bed filter, and Device for Carrying Out the Method The invention relates to a method for the controlled, plane-parallel removal of flowable bulk material on the underside a bulk material column contained in a container, especially in the case of a moving bed filter for cleaning gaseous and / or vaporous media, according to the preamble of the claim 1.

Moving bed filter for cleaning gaseous or vaporous media, in which such a method is used, in particular, are adsorption filters in the form of so-called activated carbon filters, which are used in exhaust air purification in nuclear technology Plants such as nuclear laboratories or nuclear power plants play a special role, see e.g. DE-PS 26 25 275.

It is particularly about filtering out radioactive iodine and the separation of gaseous hydrocarbons from the exhaust air of buildings, whereby the activated carbon filters work together with filters for suspended matter. With activated carbon filters the pile is formed by the filter bed of the activated carbon bodies. Activated carbon filter in nuclear power plants must have a separation efficiency of at least 99%. The activated carbon body For example, cylindrical bodies made from extruded coal can range from 1 to 2 mm in diameter and 1.2 to 2 mm in length.

US Pat. No. 1,095,676 discloses a filter for cleaning solids from gases or smoke and a process for the controlled deduction of Filter mass known, but it is not a moving bed filter with a Bulk material column and certainly not an adsorption filter, albeit for Throughput control partly from the generic features 1.1 to 1 3 of the claim 1 or 3.1 to 3.5 of claim 3 per se is made use of.

In the case of the known filter arrangement, the surface acts as the natural one The slope of the filter material between the accumulation grate and the drainage outlet as mechanical Filter.

In terms of its task, this filter is not an adsorption filter This is why the filter volume above the sprinkler mouth is also used as a storage volume to be considered (angle of repose). The gas to be cleaned or the smoke form at their entry into the filter medium on its surface by separation of the solids a filter cake (orous accretions). To do this the efficiency and pressure loss to hold, the filter bed is moved slightly from the inside by means of a device, so that the filter cake, which has become impermeable due to mechanical contamination slide on its outer surface over the edge of the storage grid rails can and at the same time through unused filter material from the storage volume is replaced.

With this filter, there is no equal-volume removal of a filter medium from the contact zone of an adsorber with the aim of being as unmixed as possible between To be able to separate unloaded and loaded bulk goods.

The invention is on the other hand. Task based on a procedure according to the generic term of claim 1 to indicate with which - a much more precise control of the bulk material trickling down on the underside of the Bulk column can be achieved while allowing a ~ piston flow "of the latter can and - with which a control of the bulk material throughput with simpler Funding is made possible.

The invention also relates to a device for implementation of the generic method, in particular an adsorption filter as described in the preamble of claim 3 is specified, the invention is therefore also based on the object to train the device according to the generic term of claim 3 so that with you the method for the controlled withdrawal of flowable bulk material according to claim 1 can be implemented in an advantageous manner.

According to the invention, the tasks set are carried out in terms of the method the measures indicated in the characterizing part of claim 1 and in terms of equipment the features specified in the characterizing part of claim 3 solved.

Advantageous developments of the subject matter of the main claim of the method are in claim 2 and the subject matter of the main claim in the subclaims 4 to 9 indicated.

The advantages that can be achieved with the invention are above all in this too see that a plane-parallel withdrawal of the bulk material from the bulk material column by a constant and even volume removal is guaranteed. The deduction at the bottom is so even that on separate throughput control devices for the upper area of the bulk material column can be dispensed with. Through the invention vertical gap widths of 5 mm and more are possible; it needs to be closed No longer paying attention to tight tolerances of trickle mouths; by the jam comes on the storage surfaces of the storage grate below the sprinkler mouths the trickling down automatically to a standstill (self-locking). This means that the plane-parallel Deduction no opening times of the trigger and no friction losses within of the bulk material or between the bulk material and the container wall. Disregarding the opening times of a trigger is understood that previously degree of opening and opening time of the siphon the total amount of bulk material falling or have determined per unit of time. When the trickling process is reduced or terminated should be, the trigger slide had to be moved to the closed position. According to of the invention, the time only plays a role insofar as there is enough time to Filling the grid chambers must be available, then these grid chambers empty in the second grate position. If the grating remains in this second position, nothing changes at all in the trickling process, likewise Little changes when the grating remains in its first position. The trickling process is only possible by changing between the first and second grating position controlled, and in portions: it can only trickle down as much as in the first one or second lattice chambers is stored in bulk material. Of particular note is therefore the operational safety: The rust can also if it occurs during normal Filter operation is not used, can be left in any position without There is a risk that the bulk material could trickle out in an uncontrolled manner.

By the further method step according to claim 2, the grating movement to use to generate a shaking impulse on the container wall is achieved, that the bulk material column are compressed at the same time during the trickling process can - a measure by which the degree of separation of the filter can be improved can.

The advantages of the device according to claim 3 are, above all, that with the grating built in the manner of a light grating, a robust one Control element is available, which in a preferred embodiment to the trickle mouths can have a vertical spacing of up to several grain sizes, i.e. it gap widths of 5 mm and more can be permitted. The larger the gap width, the larger the base area occupied by the respective cone of material, i.e. more lattice chambers are filled with bulk material, thanks to this free training the pouring cone or embankments result in minimal friction losses during the control movement of the grating. The gap width or the vertical play is preferred and at least provided on the grating top (claim 4). According to another preferred Training is the grating with the undersides of its bars on the storage areas of the storage grate seated in the horizontal direction (claim 5). Need it as already stated, in this way for the assignment of the throughput actuator tight tolerances are no longer observed for the fixed sprinkler mouths (with a conventional adsorption filter had to be of approx. 2m2 a gap width of 1.75 + 0.25 mm must be adhered to. This is now no longer the case). The grating lies on the storage space because of its weight and - provided that the storage areas are arranged in a sufficiently precise plane - with zero play on these. The greater the distance between the top of the grating and the The lower boundary edges of the trickle mouths, the wider it fans out the group of lattice chambers, which from the dwell drainage mouth with Bulk goods are supplied.

Since the storage grid is not moved, it can be made of sturdy elements built up and firmly connected to the container walls once and for all in a given position will; it represents a precise, flat guide surface for the grating.

In the following, with reference to the drawing, in the exemplary embodiments of the invention are shown, this will be explained in more detail. Therein shows in simplified schematic representation: Fig. 1 an adsorption filter according to the invention in elevation, partly in section; Fig. 2 shows the detail X from Fig. 1, i.e. a trickle mouth with grating and a storage surface of a storage grate leading to the grating; Fig. 3 shows the detail Y from FIG. 1, i.e. one half of a flow guide body arrangement, one half of the associated sprinkler mouth as well as the grate and a storage area of the storage grate, but in an intermediate position of the grate; 4 shows the object according to FIG. 2 in a second position of the grating; Fig. 5 the upper hood of the container with an end view of a filler neck for refilling bulk goods; 6 shows the side view of the hood according to Fig. 5; Fig. 7 is a perspective view of the grating together with a motorized Drive which generates the oscillating movement of the grating, and FIG. 8 the Detail of one of the better overview because of the horizontally rotated shock anchor arrangement, which is indicated at the four corners of the grating according to FIG. 7, with associated stationary baffle plate on the container wall.

The moving bed filter shown in Fig. 1 is used to clean gaseous and / or vaporous media. It is preferably an adsorption filter AF which is used in nuclear power plants for exhaust air purification and its bulk material column SS therefore serves as a filter bed. The bulk material column consists of e.g. cylindrical Activated carbon bodies, which are housed in the filter container FB, the filter container FB, in the following abbreviated as container, is used to accommodate the from flowable, serving as adsorbent bulk material 1 existing bulk material column SS, which consumed good by refilling fresh bulk goods from above and by triggering Bulk material can be regenerated from below and which essentially from bottom to top can be flowed through by the medium to be filtered GA1, which flows into the container FB the gas inlet nozzle 2 enters according to flow arrows gal, the bulk material column SS according to flow arrows galium flows through essentially from bottom to top and the Container FB in the area of its hood H through the exhaust port 3 as purified exhaust gas GA2 leaves again according to flow arrows ga2.

The wall of the container FB consists of stainless steel sheet, it has a preferably rectangular plan and forms in his the bulk material column SS receiving middle part M a cuboid body with the opposing sides Shell areas ml, m2 and (see Fig. 7) m3 and m4. The deck side is on the middle part M over the circumferential flange connection FV1 an approximately truncated pyramid-shaped hood part H connected gas-tight, which also has the nozzle 3 for the gas outlet. On the bottom side, the middle part M goes into the likewise roughly truncated pyramid-shaped Bottom part B, which has the already mentioned gas inlet port 2 and further at its funnel-shaped tapered end a throughput adjusting member 4 in the form of a Gate valve with swivel lever 4.1 for manual operation, the shut-off valve 4 could naturally also be designed to be remote-controlled, below the shut-off valve 4 there is a flange FV2 to which a pipe for discharging the drained Bulk material 1 or the carbon body can be connected (not shown). The hood part H has a prismatic extension H1 in the area of the flange connection FV7 flanged gas-tight to the middle part of the container FB. The one in the direction of gas flow ga fully effective filter height is marked with ss1, over that is still a bulk material layer ss2, which serves as a ten percent reserve. About this Reserve layer ss2 is a space 5, which through a gas-permeable Stainless steel mesh or a gauze 6 opposite the rest of the interior 7 of the hood part H is covered. The bulk material can be refilled pneumatically via filler necks 8 take place, which are indicated schematically in FIG. 1, the left filler neck 8 is drawn out once again in cross section. These (closable) filler necks are evenly connected to the vertical longitudinal wall part h1 of the hood part H in such a way that that the blown bulk material spreads over the surface of the reserve layer ss2 distributed, with the cover rails having an inverted U-profile 9, which run in the area of the trajectory of the blown bulk material, the cover net 6 is protected against impact. The filler neck 8 protrude only a little bit in room 5, see detail Z, and have a jump-like on their inner circumference shaped fitting 8.1, which is used to form the desired trajectory.

In the variation of the hood part H according to FIGS. 5 and 6, which there with H ', is in the area of a removable and removable, sealing screwed, rectangular lid D a filler neck 8 'is provided through which bulk material filled or - via a suitable nozzle distributor head - also pneumatically can be blown in. Lid handles are labeled dl. The advantage of the pneumatic Blowing in is that the operation of the adsorption filter is not or only briefly must be interrupted, the normal filling of bulk material and of course the inspection of the container by opening the lid D, on the other hand, require a Interruption of operation with shut-off of the gas supply GAl through the nozzle 2 over suitable (not shown) shut-off valves, the bulk material column SS (see again Fig. 1) is supported on its underside by a load-bearing guide grate LR, which made of roof-like, gas-permeable, but bulk-impermeable flow guide element arrangements lr exists, and which between the transversely spaced ql (widest Distance) and q2 (closest distance) adjacent flow guide bodies lr1 bis lr5 has gaps in the roof as trickling outlets 10 for the bulk material 1 (cf. also the enlarged view according to FIGS. 2 and 4). The flow guide bodies Ir1 to Ir3 are constructed similarly to one another, only flow guide elements Iri is shown in more detail. The same applies to the one arranged in the edge zone Flow guide body lr4, which only consists of one half of the "fir tree" of the flow guide body lr1 exists and which is similar, doh.

is only mirrored, designed to flow guide body Ir5. the individual flow guide bodies consist of roof-like upper cover plates 11.1 and underneath and inclined like a louvre while maintaining spaces 12 arranged blind sheets 11.2. These sheets 11.i and 11.2 are at their ends attached to the two end walls m3, m4 of the container FB (cf. FIG. 7); they limit Chamber spaces 13 for gas inlet on the underside of the bulk material column SS. The gas, See flow arrows gal, so can from the chambers 13 both through the perforated Sheet metal 11.1, 11.2 as well as through the spaces 12 enter the bulk material column SS. In the case shown, the angle of inclination of the blind sheets is 11.2, cf.

Fig. 2, about 450 and is marked with (Fig. 2).

The gas can also through the interstices of the grating GR and the trickling outlets 10 enter the bulk material column SS.

Underneath the sprinkler mouths 10 of the guide grate LR is located by far al the built-in support structure of a storage grate SR, which from an arrangement of T-profile girders evenly distributed in a horizontal plane consists, which in turn at their ends on the two end walls m3, m4 (see Fig. 7) are welded or screwed. With their storage surfaces 14, they form a horizontal one Support surface for one below the sprinkler mouths 10 and above the storage grid SR arranged throughput control device, which as a control grate serves and is mounted to move back and forth transversely to the bulk material flow direction, what will be explained in more detail below.

According to the invention, this control grate is the grate already mentioned GR, which is like a light grating made of cross-edged bars, i.e. longitudinal bars 15 and transverse bars 16, see Fig. 1 in conjunction with Figs 2, forming first and second horizontally adjacent to each other Lattice chambers gi, g2 built up and in the spacing space al between the storage areas 14 and the sprinkling mouths 10 is mounted to be movable back and forth.

Serve, as in particular Fig. 2 to 4 by comparative Viewing show, the first each below the trickle mouths 10 and above the storage areas 14 located lattice chambers gl, and in detail gene up to g105, as depots for receiving a partial quantity of bulk material accumulated on the storage areas 14 1.0. In contrast, the second, at least largely outside the projection of the Sprinkler mouths 10 on the storage surfaces 14 located lattice chambers g2 and in individual g2.1 to g2.5 as emptying chambers, which are shown in FIG Position I because it is pushed out over the left edge 14.1 of the storage area 14 have freed themselves from the bulk material depot it contained; this is (see. Fig. 1) within the space bl of the truncated pyramid-shaped bottom part fallen or slipped downwards in the direction of the muzzle neck b2.

It can therefore be seen that the invention realizes a method is, in which with the grating GR and its in the horizontal direction adjacent first and second grid chambers gi, g2 depending on the position Depots for receiving a partial quantity of bulk material accumulated on the storage areas 14 1.0 or emptying chambers (see grid chamber g2 in position I according to Fig. 2) are formed. For this purpose, in the first grating position I mentioned, the located below the sprinkling orifices 10 and communicating with them as well as first lattice chambers covered by the storage areas 14 at their drainage cross-section gi, gl.l to g1.5 for emptying your stored bulk material subsets 1.0 Movement along a first stroke + x1 into a second grating position II (see Fig. 4 and the intermediate position I / II according to Fig. 3) moved, in which the flow connection interrupted to the sprinkling orifices 10 and a drainage cross-section 150 thereby is released that the grid chambers gi with their base or their passage cross-section Over the - in this case right - delimiting edge 14.2 of the storage surfaces 14 protrude. As can be seen, an overlap strip 160 is also provided, its overlap distance between the storage area 14 and the first sub-chamber 1.1 about 1/10 to 1/5 of the lattice chamber extension in the direction of + x1. This overlap ensures that the lattice chamber gl in its position I, that is, its filling position, below the trickle mouth 10 and accordingly the lattice chamber g2 in its filling position II below the The sprinkling mouth 10 is positioned on the storage surface 14 so that bulk material 1 under no circumstances can trickle.

Rather, it should only be in position II and in the grid chambers gl trickle down at the grid chambers g2 in position I, and in this case it makes short overlapping section 16 with regard to the emptying of the partial chamber gl.l or the sub-chamber g2.5 do not matter. But you have it in your hand, through the The size of the stroke in the direction of + x1 and in the direction of - x1 increases the size of the depots 1.0 determine which should be emptied: Is the selected stroke + x1 and accordingly - x1 smaller than the one shown, not all sub-chambers are emptied. That The method can also be implemented when the grid chambers at gl its stroke from I to II and its stroke from position II to position I by a partial distance + x1 / n or - x1 / n are shifted, where n a 2,3,4 etc. It is better, however to implement the process, a complete emptying of the grid chambers gl, g2 to bring about and thereby the volume flow control for the bulk material cause the stroke movement from position 1 to II and vice versa correspondingly slower is carried out with a lower number of strokes per unit of time.

Because in the respective position I or II nothing more than happens that the chambers located in the emptying position are their bulk material depot 1.0 discard. As a result of the backflow generated at the storage areas 14, it cannot more bulk material trickles down, FIG. 3 shows an intermediate position of the first lattice chambers gi, which still have to be shifted by a section x11 in the direction of + x1, so that they take their debit position II; the intermediate position is marked I / II, 4 then shows the second grating position II for the first and second grating chambers gl, g2. The second grid chamber g2 was in the first grid position 1 (Fig, 2) interrupted the flow connection to the trickling outlets 10 and you Drain transverse cut open. Now they are with the purpose of charging a bulk material subset 100 as a result of the displacement in the + x direction by the stroke + x1 moved to the second grating position II, in which they with the sprinkler mouths 10 communicate and covered by the storage areas 14 at their drainage cross-section If you now move the first and second grid chambers gl, g2 out of their in 4, shown second grating position II along a second stroke - X1, which is opposite to the first + x1, in its first grating position I, the result is again the grid position according to FIG. 2, in which the second grid chambers in emptying and the first grid chambers are in the filling position, through the reciprocating motion in the + x direction and in the - x direction with the specified Strokes + x1 and -x1 results in a continuous filling of grid chambers with Bulk material subsets 1.0 and a subsequent emptying of the lattice chambers in an interplay and thus a very effective method of bulk material throughput control such that the bulk material column SS seen over its cross section, uniformly like a piston flow slowly migrates downwards and so trickles down the used bulk material 1 from the bottom and can be refilled accordingly on the top side.

In the following, further details of the device will now be described will. For the simple structure of the guide grate LR (see in particular Fig. 1) it is favorable if the sprinkler mouths 10 of elongated, axially parallel Formed over the base of the container FB extending grooves and the grooves in the roof gaps between the roof-like flow guide body arrangements that are adjacent to one another lr are arranged. The trickle mouths 10 are limited in this case by strips, what a simple, robust con- struction results. Matched to it has the support structure of the storage grid SR the axially parallel and spaced from one another extending longitudinal beams 140, each with its top, planar storage surfaces 14 below the trickle mouths 10 of the gutters and at a distance al from these and are each arranged with a base area F1. The base area F results by multiplying the storage area width a2 x the length of the side member, which the latter corresponds to the length of the container walls ml or m2. These base areas F1 are larger than the passage area FA of the corresponding sprinkler mouth 10, which results from the edge protrusions 160, as already explained. In the direction of flow As seen from the bulk material 1, the thickness a3 of the grating is now less than the distance a1 between the sprinkling orifices 10 and storage surfaces 14, so that therefrom a vertical play v1 results, which is preferred and at least on the grating top is provided, as shown in Figures 2 to 4, This has the advantage of that the grating GR with the undersides of its bars 15, 16 (see Fig. 7) Sit on the storage surfaces 14 of the storage grid SR and on these surfaces in the horizontal direction can be guided precisely. The vertical game v1 has the great advantage that for Closing the sprinkler mouths no precise fits are required and that e.g. a thermal expansion of the grating or the guide grate in the vertical direction cannot lead to jamming.

As indicated in Fig. 2 at 1, the vertical play is v1 in the illustrated Case about two grain sizes of the bulk material 1. Values up to 5 mm have proven to be favorable proven. Due to the angle of repose β (Fig. 2) only those below fill anyway the sprinkler mouth 10 located partial lattice chambers, the upper Delimiting edges lie below the embankment of the embankment protruding from the discharge mouth. In the case shown, these are five sub-chambers gel.1 to g1.5 or g2.1 to g2.5. The increase in vertical play v1 beyond 5 mm is due to the increase the overall height of the adsorption filter is not useful, even if it is not otherwise critical The size is, since only the cone area increases with the increase in the vertical play and thus the number of sub-chambers involved in the filling and emptying process increase. The vertical play vi can thus have one to several grain sizes However, as mentioned, 5mm is recommended as the upper limit.

The first grid chambers gl are preferably in their first grid position I and the second grid chambers g2 in their second grid position II, respectively in the middle of and below the sprinkler mouths 10 on the corresponding Storage areas 14 so positioned and positionable that the already described Storage surface edge overhangs 160 on both lattice chamber longitudinal sides result, as it is FIGS. 2 and 4 clarify.

It is also advantageous not only to the sheet metal elements 11.1 and 11.2 to perforate in such a way that they are gas-permeable, but impermeable to bulk goods, are, but also the bars 15 and 16. The more gas flow cross-section is available and the more evenly the gas GA1 can spread over the entire Distribute the cross-sectional area of the bulk material column SS on its underside. In certain circumstances A corresponding perforation of the longitudinal members 140 can also be favorable. The bulk material 1 itself is only indicated in Fig. 2 with some activated carbon bodies, in rest shown schematically by hatching.

Depending on the area of the bulk material column or the container FB the bars 15, 16 made of stainless steel bars of thickness between 2 and 5 mm. The connection the bars with each other to form a fixed lattice association can expediently after the so-called egg box principle, by crossing bars with slots that extend over half its width, nested and are secured in this nested position by welding points, cf. the illustration in FIG. 7 and the detail drawn out in perspective with the crossing bars 15, 16 and the incisions 15a on the bar 15 and 16a on the rod 16. The incision 15a includes the upper slot flanks, which are hatched from bottom left to top right, and to the lower incision 16a belongs to the pair of slot flanks, which are dashed from bottom right to top left is hatched. Welding points are not shown in this enlarged detail, these are expediently attached in the area of the niches 17.

The feed movement for the grating GR is useful with a Motor drive 18 is generated, which reverses a drive shaft 19 in a clockwise direction us, e.g. with an angular deflection of + 300, and then in a counter-clockwise direction gs by an angle of - 300. The shaft 19 is on the container walls m3, m4 by means of non-visible roller bearing bushes and sealing bushings stored. It has drive tabs 20 with elongated slots distributed over its length (or elongated holes 21), in which the latter the grating with coupling pin 22 intervenes, which according to the Arrangement of the drive plates 20 attached to the cross bars 16 distributed in the longitudinal direction y of the grating GR are. The reversing drive 18 consists of an electric motor, in particular Three-phase motor with corresponding (not shown) electronic or relay control for the reversing rotary movement of the motor shaft. The housing of the motor is at 18.1 indicated, it is with a flange 18.2 on the container wall m4 from the outside flanged. The pivoting movement of the drive brackets 20 in the direction us or gs will move to and fro in the direction of + x and -x of the grating GR reshaped, with the coupling pin 22 in the slots 21 of the drive plates 20 wander up and down. In Fig. 7, the center or zero position is shown. The drive brackets 20 are welded to the drive shaft 19, see welds 23

On the grating GR are now - see Fig. 7 - impact anchors 24 in the direction of movement + x of the grating mounted longitudinally displaceable and resetting spring-loaded, namely at all four corner points of the grating GR.

The shock anchors 24 are opposite at a distance in the area of Impact zones of the impact anchors attached to the inner wall of the container, impact plates 25, where in the baffle plate area on the outside of the container ##, ands mi, m2 stiffening ribs 26 are arranged, which - as Fig. 1 shows - practically over the entire Extend the height of the central part M of the container FB and along its entire length with the container walls ml resp.

m2 are connected so that they pass the shock pulse of the shock anchor through the Baffle plates 25 and the container wall mi, m2 received and due to their rigidity transmitted as shaking impulses to the entire container.

A single butt anchor with a butt anchor bearing and container wall in the cutout is drawn out in Fig. 8 enlarged. Are on a reinforced bar 16 ' two parallel keys 27, rectangular in cross section, attached to which the shock anchor 24 can slide with corresponding longitudinal grooves 28 in the + x or - x direction.

To limit or maintain a maximum deflection of the impact anchor 24 in the + x direction is a stop cam on the rear face of the impact anchor 24 29 attached, which can slide in a groove 30 and in the illustrated end position strikes against a non-visible boundary wall of the groove 30. The push anchor has a central bore 31, in this a bolt 32 can slide, which screwed into a bolt bracket 33 and in this screwed-in position, e.g. is secured by a welding point. The bolt bracket 33 is on the bar 16 'welded on. The bolt 32 penetrates a helical compression spring 34, which one end to the bolt bracket 33 and the other end to the end face 24a of the shock anchor 24 is supported. The front of the shock anchor 24 is, as shown, executed convex or rounded. This crescent-shaped part 24b can also be made from a tough-elastic, abrasion-resistant plastic, e.g. ABS, and are exchangeable be. The impact anchor 24 strikes the impact plate with its spherical head part 24b 25, as already explained. By the size or mass of the shock anchor 24 has it is up to you to determine the desired pulse size. The impulse is going through the explained StoB anchor mounting conditionally transferred to the container, namely practically non-reactive with regard to the GR grating. A smaller recoil impulse on the grating GR cannot be avoided and is welcome because it helps, to completely empty the grid chambers g1 and g2 and the freshly sprinkled Conveyed goods inside the grating and between the flow guide elements helps to compact. As FIG. 1 shows, when the one (e.g. left) impact anchor 24 strikes, a distance between the head 24b of the other shock anchor 24 and the baffle plate, because the shock should only be applied at the end of the movement, and vice versa.

From the above it follows that with the device according to the invention so the back and forth movement of the grating GR is also used for the transmission a vibration impulse on the wall of the container FB, by the grating GR in the end area its movement in the direction + x and / or - x with a shock anchor 24, 24b on the Impact surface of a baffle plate 25 impinges, which is attached to the container wall is.

As mentioned, the device explained is preferably an adsorption filter for nuclear power plants; however, it can also be a moving bed filter in general act for cleaning gaseous and / or vaporous media. The procedure is in addition, for throughput control of bulk material heaps on their underside applicable, which not for filtering, but for other physical or chemical Processes are used. E.g. it can be a so-called pebble heater act in which mass particles from top to bottom continuously or discontinuously flow and in the process of heat exchange with a cold or hot gas.

8 Figures 9 claims

Claims (9)

Patent claims 1. Process for controlled plane-parallel pull-off of flowable bulk material on the underside of a contained in a container Bulk material column (SS), especially in the case of a moving bed filter (AF) for cleaning of gaseous and / or vaporous media, 1.1 the bulk material column (SS) by refilling Fresh bulk material (1) from above and used bulk material from below regenerated and essentially from bottom to top of the medium to be filtered (GA 1) is flowed through, 1.2 the bulk material column (SS) also on its underside is supported and carried by a guide grate (LR), which is made of roof-like, gas-permeable, but bulk-impermeable flow guide element arrangements (lr) exist and which one between the flow guide body arrangements adjacent to one another in the transverse direction at a distance from one another 1.3 and wherein finally in a blocked position by one with horizontal storage areas (14) below the sprinkler mouths (10) at a distance (al) and overlapping with these arranged, permanently installed support structure of a storage grid (SR) that trickles down of bulk material from the sprinkling mouths (10) is prevented, however, by a back and forth cross-flow to the bulk material flow direction, jam-changing movement of stored below the sprinkler mouths (10) and above the storage grid (SR) Throughput regulators in the form of a control grate (GR) subsets of the bulk material column;. (SS) to the The trickle-down can be brought about, that is to say h n e t that a) the grating (GR), consisting of cross-edged bars (15, 16) in the manner of a light grating, designed control grate with in the horizontal direction (x, y) adjacent first and second grid chambers (g1, g2) depending on the position Depots for receiving a partial quantity of bulk material accumulated on the storage areas (14) (1.0) or emptying chambers and that for this purpose al) in a first grating position (I) those located below the sprinkler mouths (10) and communicating with them as well as first grid chambers covered by the storage areas (14) at their drainage cross-section (gel) for emptying your stored bulk material partial quantities (1.0) when moving Moved along a first stroke (+ x1) into a second grating position (11) are, in which the flow connection to the trickling outlets (10) is interrupted and a drain cross-section is released in that the grid chambers (gl) with their base area at least partially over a delimiting edge (14.2) of the storage areas (14) protrude; a2) the second grid chambers adjacent to the first grid chambers (gel) (g2), in which in the first grating position (I) the flow connection to the Sprinkler mouths (10) interrupted and the drainage cross-section (150) is open, for the purpose of charging with a bulk part (1.0) when moving along the first Hubes (+ xl) in the second grid grate position (II) can be moved, in which they communicate with the drainage mouths (10) and on their drainage cross-section (150) are covered by the storage surfaces (14), and that a3) the first and second Lattice chambers (gel, g2) from their second grating position (II) when moving lengthways a second stroke (-X1), which is opposite to the first stroke (+ x), in their first grating position (I) are brought, then along the first Stroke (+ x) back to the second grating position (II) and so on. 2. The method according to claim 1, d a d u r c h g e -k e n n z e i c h n e t that the back and forth movement of the grating (GR) is also used to transmit a shaking pulse to the container wall (m1 - m4) by placing the grating (GR) in the end of its movement in direction (+ x) and / or (-x) with a push anchor (24) hits an impact surface (25) of the container wall (m1 - m4). 3. Device for performing the method according to claim 1 or 2, in particular adsorption filter, 3.1 with a container (FB) for receiving a of flowable bulk material (1) serving as an adsorbent (SS) which were used up by refilling fresh bulk material from above and by taking off Bulk material can be regenerated from below and which essentially from bottom to top the medium to be filtered (GA 1) can flow through, 3.2 with a bulk material column (SS) on their underside supporting, load-bearing guide grate (LR), wel- cher made of roof-like, gas-permeable, but bulk-impermeable flow guide element arrangements (lr) and which between the transversely spaced (g1, g2) from one another adjacent flow guide bodies (lr1 - lr5) roof gaps as runoff outlets (10) for the bulk material (1) with a horizontal storage area (14) below the sprinkler mouths at a distance (a1) and overlapping to these arranged, Fixed support structure of a storage grid (SR), 3.3 with one underneath of the sprinkling outlets (10) and throughput control device arranged above the storage grate (SR), which has a control grate that can be moved back and forth transversely to the direction of flow of the bulk material (see above) (GR), 3.4 with one below the guide grate (LR) and the throughput control device arranged container bottom (B), which has at least one closable discharge opening for the used, drained bulk material (1) and with at least one gas inlet nozzle (2) is provided for the gas to be filtered (GA 1), 3.5 and with in the upper area of the container space above the bulk material column (SS) arranged, lockable Feed openings (8, 8 ') for fresh bulk material (1) and at least one with the Interstitial gas spaces between the upper layers of the bulk material column (SS) communicating Diverting element (3) for the filtered gas (GA 2), d a d u r c h e k e n n n z e i c n e t that a) the control grate is a grate (GR), which in the manner of a light grating made of cross-edged bars (15, 16) with the formation of horizontally adjacent first and second Lattice channels (g1, g2) built up and in the spacing space (a1) between the storage areas (14) and the sprinkling mouths (10) is mounted so that it can be moved back and forth, and that b) the first in each case below the sprinkler mouths (10) and above the - storage surfaces (14) located lattice chambers (g1) as depots for receiving one on the storage areas pent-up bulk material subset (1.0) and the second, at least largely outside the projection of the sprinkler mouths (10) on the storage areas located lattice chambers (g2) are set up as emptying chambers and vice versa. 4. Device according to claim 3, wherein the trickle mouths (10) of elongated, axially parallel extending over the base of the container Gutters formed and the gutters in the roof gaps between the adjacent ones roof-like flow conductor body arrangements (lr) are arranged and wherein further the supporting structure of the storage grid (SR) axially parallel and spaced from one another having extending longitudinal beams (140), each of which is planar with its upper side Storage areas (14) below the trickle mouths (10) of the channels and with a Distance (a1) to these and each with a base area (F1) are arranged, which base area (F1) is larger than the passage area (FA) of the corresponding Abriesel-Muzzle, d u r c h e k e n n n z e i c h n e t that the strength (a3) of the grating (GR) seen in the flow direction (see above) of the bulk material (1) smaller is as the distance (a1) and that resulting vertical play (v1) is provided at least on the top of the grating. 5. Device according to claim 4, d a d u r c h g e -k e n n z e i c h n e t that the grating (GR) with the undersides of its bars (15, 16) sits on the storage surfaces (14) of the storage grid (SR) and on these in the horizontal direction (x, y) is performed. 6. Device according to claim 4 or 5, d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t that the vertical play (v1) between the tops of the bars (15, 16) of the grating (GR) and the lower boundary edges of the sprinkler mouths (10) of the guide grate (LR) is up to several grain sizes of the bulk material (1). 7. Device according to one of claims 3 to 6, d a -d u r c h g It is not possible to state that the first grid chambers (g1) are in kr first ¢) and the second grid chambers (g2) in the second (II) grid position each in the middle to and below the sprinkler mouths (10) on the corresponding storage areas (14) can be positioned in such a way that storage area edge protrusions (160) are located on both Lattice chamber long sides result. 8. Device according to claim 3 or 5, d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t that on the grating (GR) shock anchor (24) in the direction of movement of the grating are mounted longitudinally displaceable uad resetting spring-loaded, and that the impact surfaces the inner wall of the container are reinforced by baffle plates (25). 9. Device according to claim 8, d a d u r c h g e -k e n n z e i c h n e t that the container (FB) in the baffle plate area through on its outside Stiffening ribs (26) are reinforced, which the StoB impulse of the impact anchor (24) transferred to the entire container.