DE3120102A1 - Anordnung zur hochfrequenzkoagulation von eiweiss fuer chirurgische zwecke - Google Patents
Anordnung zur hochfrequenzkoagulation von eiweiss fuer chirurgische zweckeInfo
- Publication number
- DE3120102A1 DE3120102A1 DE19813120102 DE3120102A DE3120102A1 DE 3120102 A1 DE3120102 A1 DE 3120102A1 DE 19813120102 DE19813120102 DE 19813120102 DE 3120102 A DE3120102 A DE 3120102A DE 3120102 A1 DE3120102 A1 DE 3120102A1
- Authority
- DE
- Germany
- Prior art keywords
- arrangement according
- value
- impedance
- differential quotient
- frequency power
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B18/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body
- A61B18/04—Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body by heating
- A61B18/12—Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body by heating by passing a current through the tissue to be heated, e.g. high-frequency current
- A61B18/1206—Generators therefor
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B18/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body
- A61B2018/00636—Sensing and controlling the application of energy
- A61B2018/00696—Controlled or regulated parameters
- A61B2018/00702—Power or energy
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B18/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body
- A61B2018/00636—Sensing and controlling the application of energy
- A61B2018/00773—Sensed parameters
- A61B2018/00875—Resistance or impedance
Description
Die Erfindung betrifft eine Anordnung zur Hochfrequenzkoagulation
von Eiweiß für chirurgische Zwecke mit einer Eiweißimpedanz-Meßvorrichtung und einem Koagulationsinstrument.
Bei den bisher bekannten Koagulationsgeräten ist es nicht möglich,
automatisch ein definiertes Koagulat in unterschiedlichem Körpergewebe und mit unterschiedlichen Instrumenten zu erzielen.
Es ist zwar bekannt, ein Thermoelement in das Koagulationsinstrument einzubauen. Bedingt durch die Abmessungen der Fühler und
durch die Leitungsführung sind jedoch einem derartigen Einbau von Thermoelementen in Instrumente Grenzen gesetzt. Selbst mit
den kompliziertesten Fühlern kann immer nur die Fühlertemperatur und nicht die kritische Gewebetemperatur festgestellt werden.
Von der Medizin wird eine dosierbare und scharfe Begrenzung des Koagulationsherdes gefordert, der auf das gewünschte Gebiet
beschränkt bleiben soll, damit wichtige Strukturen in der unmittelbaren Machbarschaft nicht beschädigt werden. Wichtig
ist, daß die Koagulation sich nur auf eine Denaturierung des
/2
-S-
54
Gewebes beschränkt und keine Verkohlung mit Schorfbildung an
den Instrumentenspitzen entsteht.
Aus dem Sonderabdruck aus dem "Zentralblatt für Chirurgie", 85.Jahrgang, 1960 Heft 19, Seiten 1052 bis 1063 ist es bekannt,
auch ohne .Thermoelement zu arbeiten. Bei der bekannten Anordnung wird zur überwachung der Koagulation auch die Registrierung
des Widerstandes herangezogen. Wenn man den Widerstand unmittelbar während des Koagulationsvorganges ohne zeitliche
Verzögerung direkt meßbar macht und registriert, besteht die Möglichkeit, den Beginn des Widerstandsanstieges sofort zu erkennen
und von Hand oder durch entsprechende automatische Rückkopplung den Strom bzw. die Temperatur zu vermindern, so daß
ein Verschorfen und eine Blasenbildung mit nachfolgendem Zerreißen des Koagulats vermieden wird. Die genannte Druckschrift
berücksichtigt nicht, daß besonderer Wert auf die am Anfang der Koagulation eingestellte Hochfreguenzleistung zu legen ist. Ist
die Leistung zu klein, so erfolgt keine Koagulation. Ist die Leistung zu hoch vorgewählt, dann treten Gewebsverbrennungen
auf. Weiterhin ist die einzustellende Anfangsleistung abhängig von dem Volumen des gewünschten Koagulationsherdes und der unterschiedlichen
Leitfähigkeit des Gewebes. Diese Inhomogenität des zu koagulierenden Gewebes und die sich verändernden Elektrodenoberflächen,
insbesondere bei kleinen Elektroden und geringen Elektrodenabständen, erschweren es dem Operateur, vor
dem Start der Koagulation zu entscheiden, welcher Leistungsbereich vorgewählt werden soll. Auch bei anfänglich heruntergeregelter
Leistung ist beim anschließenden Hochregeln infolge der thermischen Gewebezeitkonstanten und der ablaufenden dynamischen
Vorgänge eine optimale Leistung von Hand nicht einzustellen. Ferner zeigen die in dem Sonderabdruck beschriebenen
Versuche einen äußerst flachen Verlauf der Widerstandskurve, so daß es äußerst schwierig ist festzustellen, wann die Koagulation
in gewünschtem Maße stattgefunden hat. Ein nachträgliches Herunterregeln des Stromes, wie es in dem Aufsatz vorgeschlagen
wird, führt, wie vorstehend erwähnt, zu keinem optimalen Ergebnis .
/3
-G-
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Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, eine Anordnung zur Hochfrequenzkoagulierung von Eiweiß derart auszugestalten, daß
die Leistungsabgabe automatisch von Beginn des Koagulationsvorgangs an optimal geregelt und nach Bildung des gewünschten Koagulationsvolumens
zuverlässig und ohne zusätzliche Kontrolle des Operateurs abgeschaltet wird.
Die erfindungsgemäße Anordnung besitzt die Merkmale des Kennzeichens
des Patentanspruchs 1.
Im Rahmen der Erfindung wurde erkannt, daß der Differentialquotient der Eiweißimpedanzkurve eine erhebliche Aussagekraft
nicht nur für die endgültige Bildung des Koagulats, sondern auch für die Anfangseinstellung besitzt. Es werden deshalb unkontrollierte
Vorgänge bei der Koagulierung gerade im Anfangszustand vermieden. Es hat sich ferner gezeigt, daß eine kontinuierliche
Koagulation kurz vor Erreichen der Nullstelle des Differentialquotienten zu optimalen homogenen Koagulationszonen
ohne Verbrennungen führt. Die gewünschte Größe des Koagulats kann bei der erfindungsgemäßen Anordnung auf einfache Weise
durch Voreinstellung des Differentialquotienten auf einen gewünschten Wert erzielt werden, der Zeit und Leistungswert festlegt.
Der Erfindung liegt die Erkenntnis zugrunde, daß sich unabhängig von dem jeweiligen Gewebeaufbau bei bipolaren Koagulierungsinstrumenten
und bei Anwendung unterschiedlicher Leistungen über unterschiedliche Zeiten Eiweißimpedanzkurven ergeben, die
jeweils den gleichen charakteristischen Verlauf aufweisen, wobei der Differentialquotient der Eiweißimpedanz für die anfängliche
Einregelung der Hochfrequenzleistung und für das Erreichen der optimalen Koagulation eine besondere Bedeutung hat.
Weitere Merkmale der Erfindung sind in den Unteransprüchen gekennzeichnet.
/4
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Ausführungsbeispiele der Erfindung werden nun unter Bezugnahme auf die Zeichnungen beschrieben. Es zeigen:
Fig. 1 ein Blockschaltbild einer auf analoger Basis arbeitenden Anordnung gemäß der Erfindung,
Fig. 2 ein Diagramm, das den Verlauf typischer Eiweiß- bzw. Gewebeimpedanzkurven für unterschiedliche Leistung
bzw. Zeit veranschaulicht, und
Fig. 3 ein Blockschaltbild einer digitalen Ausführungsform der Anordnung gemäß der Erfindung.
Bei dem in Fig. 1 veranschaulichten Blockschaltbild ist ein
Gewebe 15 angedeutet, in das das Koagulierungsinstrument eingeführt
ist. Mittels eines Impedanzmessers werden die Z-Werte
der Gewebeimpedanz laufend festgestellt und in einem Differenzierglied 11 differenziert. Das Ausgangssignal des Differenziergliedes
11 ist somit ein Maß für den Differentialquotienten der
Gewebeimpedanzkurve. Dieses Signal wird einem I-Regler 12 zugeführt,
dessen Ausgang über einen Analogschalter 13 mit dem Analogspeicher 14 verbunden ist. Dem I-Regler 12 wird ferner eine
Spannung zugeführt, die sich über das Potentiometer P1 einstellen läßt und die einem bestimmten voreingestellten Wert des
Differentialquotienten entspricht. Diese Spannung wird auch einem ersten Vergleicher V1 zugeführt, der sie mit den Ausgangssignalen
des Differenziergliedes 11, also mit dem Differentialquotienten
der Gewebeimpedanzkurve, vergleicht. Diese Anordnung dient dazu, die Hochfrequenzleistung zu Beginn des Koagulationsvorganges je nach dem gewünschten Koagulationsvolumen optimal
einzustellen, wobei die Leistung und die Dauer der Anwendung der Leistung miteinander korreliert sind, wie dies aus dem Diagramm
gemäß Fig. 2 ersichtlich ist. Mit den? Potentiometer P1 kann
die Koagulationsgeschwindigkeit, also das Volumen pro Zeiteinheit, vorgewählt werden.
Ein zweiter Vergleicher V2 empfängt eine über ein Potentiometer P2 eingestellte Spannung und vergleicht diese ebenfalls
mit den Ausgangswerten des Differenziergliedes 11. Das Potentiometer
P2 wird auf einen Wert des Differentialquotienten eingestellt,
der in der Nähe von Null liegt. Insbesondere kurz vor
54 713
dem Minimum der Impedanz zeitkurve (Differentialquotient = Null)
sinkt der Wert des Differentialquotienten vom Differenzierglied
auf diesen Wert ab. Dann stellt der Vergleicher V2 Übereinstimmung
fest und schaltet beispielsweise über das Relais R mit Kontakt r die Hochfrequenzendstufe 20 ab.
Ein Monitor 17 ist ebenfalls an das Differenzierglied 11 angeschlossen
und gibt eine akustische und/oder optische Anzeige über den Verlauf des Differentialquotienten. Insbesondere kann
die Tonhöhe mit sich änderndem Differentialquotienten sich ebenfalls
in der gleichen Richtung ändern. Der Monitor 17 kann vom Impedanzmesser 10 aus für verschiedene Größenordnungen der Impedanz
voreinstellbar sein.
Die Funktionsweise der Anordnung nach Fig. 1 ist folgende: Beim Schließen des Schalters S wird die Hochfrequenzendstufe 20
eingeschaltet und es baut sich über den Regelkreis der Elemente 10, 11, 12, 13 und 14 allmählich Leistung auf. Der Impedanzwert wird vom Impedanzmesser 10 als kontinuierliches Signal an
das Differenzierglied 11 abgegeben, das wiederum ein kontinuierliches Signal an den I-Regler 12 legt. Der I-Regler 12 gibt
nach dem Einschalten so lange eine von Null linear ansteigende Ausgangsspannung ab, wie die Spannungsdifferenz zwischen
der Spannung vom Potentiometer P1 und der dem augenblicklichen
Differentialquotienten entsprechenden Spannung an seinem Eingang ungleich Null ist. Die Ausgangsspannung des I-Reglers 12
wird über den Analogschalter 13 an den Analogspeicher 14 gelegt, der beispielsweise als Sample-and-Hold-Kreis ausgeführt
sein kann. Die Hochfrequenzendstufe 20 wird dann entsprechend dem vom Analogspeicher abgegebenen Wert aufgeregelt. Erreicht
der Wert des Differentialquotienten den mittels des Potentiometers
P1 eingestellten Wert, dann öffnet der Vergleicher V1 den Analogschalter 13, so daß die Hochfrequenzendstufe 20 mit
konstanter Leistung gemäß dem im Analogspeicher 14 gespeicherten Wert betrieben wird.
/6
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31201U2
Die Erwärmung des Gewebes schreitet nun fort, wobei sich die Impedanz, wie aus den Kurven gemäß Fig. 2 ersichtlich, allmählich
verringert. Der Wert des Differentialquotienten läuft von einem negativen Ausgangswert entsprechend dem Fortschreiten der
Koagulation gegen Null. Wird der über das Potentiometer P2 eingestellte Wert erreicht, schaltet der Vergleicher V2 die Hochfrequenzendstufe
20 ab, da dann die gewünschte Koagulation beendet ist und die Leistung unmittelbar nach dem Nullwert des
Differentialquotienten je nach Lage des Arbeitspunktes auf der Leistungs-Belastungswiderstandskennlinie des Koagulats eventuell
steil ansteigen würde, was zu Verbrennungen und Verschorfungen
des Gewebes führen könnte.
Das Diagramm nach Fig. 2 veranschaulicht Kurven mit verschiedenen Leistungswerten zwischen 3 und 6 Watt bei jeweils gleichen
Koagulatgrößen. Interessant ist die unterschiedliche negative Steigung im Anfangsteil der Kurven bei verschiedenen HF-Leistungen.
Diesen Wert kann man zur automatischen Einstellung der Koagulationsleistung beim Start der Koagulation verwenden. Bei
solchermaßen über das Potentiometer P1 eingestellter Leistung erhält man das gewünschte Koagulat auch bei unterschiedlichen
Bedingungen immer in der gleichen Zeit.
Es zeigt sich somit, daß zu Beginn des gesamten Vorgangs eine kontrollierte und geregelte Einstellung der Leistung mittels
des Potentiometers P1 erzielt werden kann.
Arhand von Fig. 1 wurde eine Ausführungsform der erfindungsgemäßen
Anordnung in Analogform beschrieben. Die erfindungsgemäße
Anordnung kann jedoch auch für eine digitale Betriebsweise aufgebaut sein. In diesem Falle werden die gemessenen
Impedanzwerte mit einer hohen Umsatzfrequenz digitalisiert. Der Differentialquotient kann dann mittels eines Rechners bestimmt
werden, der die entsprechenden Werte an die Baueinheiten weitergibt, wie sie in der Fig. 1 aufgezeigt sind, wobei
diese dann analog oder digital ausgeführt sein können.
/7
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Fig. 3 veranschaulicht den Einsatz eines Rechners bei der erfindungsgemäßen
Anordnung und digitaler Bauweise. Ein Rechner 30 wird über ein Programm 31 gesteuert, das, abhängig von
den gewünschten Parametern, entsprechend den Einstellungen der Potentiometer P1 und P2, die verschiedenen Programmschritte
im Rechner auslöst. Die laufend gemessenen Impedanzwerte werden dem Rechner unter Digitalisierung zugeführt. Der Rechner
besitzt einen Sollkurvenspeicher 32, in dem die verschiedenen Impedanzkurven bzw. die Werte des Differentialquotienten
dieser Impedanzkurven nach der Zeit gespeichert sind. Wie bei 33 angedeutet, erfolgt dann ein Kurvenvergleich unter Vergleich
der Differentialquotienten der gemessenen Impedanzkurve und der gewählten Sollkurve. Der daraus abgeleitete Wert wird wiederum
dem Rechner 30 zugeführt, der dann ein dem Ausgangssignal des Analogspeichers 13 entsprechendes Signal an die Hochfrequenz-Endstufe
20 anlegt. Wie bei der analogen Ausführung nach Fig. erfolgt also auch hier die Regelung so, daß mit einer möglichst
konstanten Hochfrequenzleistung gearbeitet wird.
Claims (1)
- DR.-INO. I ΚΛΝ2 VUESTHOPPPATENTANWÄLTE- - - D*„.,t„EM w»thoff(„^.„öWUESTHOFF-v.PECHMANN-BEHRENS-GOETZ dipi..,no.o«hak0 puls (.?Jl.,97,)UIM..-CHEM.PR. E. PRfcJHf.RR VON FECHMANN PROFESSIONAL REPRESENTATIVES IlKrORE THE EUROPEAN PATENT OPPICE PR.-l NG. DIETER BEHRI1NSMANDATAIRES AGREES PRES l'oPFICE EUtOFiSN DES BREVETS DIPL.-INc; I)IPL1-VIRT SCH.-IN',. RUPERT COETZD-8000 MÜNCHEN 90 SCHWEIGERSTRASSE 21A-5 4 713 telefon: (083)662051Telegramm: protectpatenttelex: j 14070PatentansprücheAnordnung zur Hochfrequenzkoagulation von Eiweiß für chirurgische Zwecke mit einer Eiweißimpedanzmeßvorrichtung und unter Verwendung eines Koagulationsinstruments, dadurch gekennzeichnet , daß der Differentialquotient der kontinuierlich gemessenen Eiweißimpedanz gebildet und zur Regelung der angewendeten Hochfrequenzleistung verwendet wird.2, Anordnung nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeich net, daß die Hochfrequenzleistung in der Nähe des Nullwertes des Differentialquotienten abgeschaltet wird.3. Anordnung nach Anspruch 2, dadurch gekennzeich net, daß die Abschaltung der Hochfrequenzleistung kurz vor Erreichen des Nullwertes des Differentialquotienten erfolgt.4.. Anordnung nach Anspruch 2 oder 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet , daß ein den Äbschaltzeitpunkt für die Hochfrequenzleistung bestimmender Wert des Differentialquotienten vorwählbar ist.5. Anordnung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet , daß die Dauer des Anlegens der Hochfrequenzleistung und der damit korrelierte Leistungsbasiswert,/2: \> 54 713die die Ausdehnung des koagulierten Gewebes bestimmen, durch Voreinstellung eines bestimmten Anfangswertes des Differentialquotienten der Eiweißimpedanz vorgegeben werden.6. Anordnung nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Regelung der Hochfrequenzleistung analog erfolgt.7. Anordnung nach Anspruch 6, dadurch gekennzeich net, daß an die Eiweißimpedanzmeßvorrichtung (10) ein Differenzierglied (11) angeschlossen ist, das die differenzierten Werte an einen I-Regler (12) legt, der einen Analogspeicher (14) beaufschlagt, dessen Ausgangssignal auf die Hochfrequenzendstufe (20) einwirkt.8. Anordnung nach Anspruch 7, dadurch gekennzeich net, daß ein erster Vergleicher (V1) vorgesehen ist, der die differenzierten Meßwerte mit einem voreingestellten Wert für den Differentialquotienten vergleicht und daß bei Erreichen des eingestellten Wertes der Vergleicher (V1) die Verbindung des I-Reglers (12) mit dem Analogspeicher (14) unterbricht, so daß der Analogspeicher (14) die Hochfrequenzendstufe (20) mit dem zuletzt eingespeicherten Wert steuert.9. Anordnung nach einem der Ansprüche 6 bis 8, dadurch gekennzeichnet , daß ein zweiter Vergleicher (V2) vorgesehen ist, der die vom Differenzierglied (11) abgegebenen Werte für den Differentialquotienten mit einem voreingestellten Wert vergleicht und bei Erreichen desselben auf einen Schalter zur Unterbrechung der Hochfrequenzleistungszuführung einwirkt.10. Anordnung nach einem der Ansprüche 7 bis 9, dadurch gekennzeichnet , daß zwischen dem I-Regler (12) und dem Analogspeicher (14) ein Analogschalter (13) vorgesehen ist, der durch das Ausgangssignal des ersten Vergleichers (V1) betätigt wird./354 71311. Anordnung nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet , daß das Erreichen des voreingestellten Wertes im zweiten Vergleicher (V2) und gegebenenfalls des ersten eingestellten Wertes im ersten Vergleicher (V1) akustisch und/oder optisch, etwa mittels einer Leuchtdiode, angezeigt wird.12. Anordnung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet , daß die Regelung der Hochfrequenzleistung digital durchgeführt wird.13. Anordnung nach Anspruch 12, dadurch gekennzeichnet , daß die gemessenen Impedanzwerte digitalisiert werden und daß ein programmgesteuerter Rechner (30) vorgesehen ist, der einen Sollkurvenspeicher (32) besitzt, in dem die Werte verschiedener Impedanzkurven bzw. ihrer Differentialquotienten für unterschiedliche Leistungs-/Zeitparameter gespeichert sind, und daß der Rechner (30) abhängig von einem Vergleich der gemessenen Istwerte des Differentialquotienten der Impedanzkurve mit denjenigen der gewünschten Sollkurve ein Ausgangssignal zur Regelung der Hochfrequenz-Endstufe (20) abgibt.14. Anordnung nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet , daß ein bipolares Koagulationsinstrument verwendet wird.15. Anordnung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 13, dadurch gekennzeichnet , daß ein unipolares Koagulationsinstrument verwendet wird.
Priority Applications (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE19813120102 DE3120102A1 (de) | 1981-05-20 | 1981-05-20 | Anordnung zur hochfrequenzkoagulation von eiweiss fuer chirurgische zwecke |
US06/377,932 US4474179A (en) | 1981-05-20 | 1982-05-13 | Method and apparatus for the high frequency coagulation of protein for surgical purposes |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE19813120102 DE3120102A1 (de) | 1981-05-20 | 1981-05-20 | Anordnung zur hochfrequenzkoagulation von eiweiss fuer chirurgische zwecke |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
DE3120102A1 true DE3120102A1 (de) | 1982-12-09 |
DE3120102C2 DE3120102C2 (de) | 1987-08-20 |
Family
ID=6132818
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
DE19813120102 Granted DE3120102A1 (de) | 1981-05-20 | 1981-05-20 | Anordnung zur hochfrequenzkoagulation von eiweiss fuer chirurgische zwecke |
Country Status (2)
Country | Link |
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US (1) | US4474179A (de) |
DE (1) | DE3120102A1 (de) |
Cited By (295)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE3420339A1 (de) * | 1983-05-31 | 1985-01-17 | Berchtold Medizin-Elektronik GmbH & Co, 7200 Tuttlingen | Verfahren zur steuerung einer hochfrequenzchirurgie-koagulationsvorrichtung und hochfrequenzchirurgie-koagulationsvorrichtung zur ausfuehrung dieses verfahrens |
EP0136855A2 (de) * | 1983-09-13 | 1985-04-10 | Valleylab, Inc. | Generator für Elektrochirurgie |
DE3511107A1 (de) * | 1985-03-27 | 1986-10-02 | Fischer MET GmbH, 7800 Freiburg | Vorrichtung zur bipolaren hochfrequenzkoagulation von biologischem gewebe |
DE3510586A1 (de) * | 1985-03-23 | 1986-10-02 | Erbe Elektromedizin GmbH, 7400 Tübingen | Kontrolleinrichtung fuer ein hochfrequenz-chirurgiegeraet |
DE3604823A1 (de) * | 1986-02-15 | 1987-08-27 | Flachenecker Gerhard | Hochfrequenzgenerator mit automatischer leistungsregelung fuer die hochfrequenzchirurgie |
EP0253012A1 (de) * | 1986-07-17 | 1988-01-20 | Erbe Elektromedizin GmbH. | Hochfrequenz-Chirurgiegerät für die thermische Koagulation biologischer Gewebe |
EP0423757A1 (de) * | 1989-10-18 | 1991-04-24 | Aloka Co. Ltd. | Elektrochirurgiegerät |
WO1993003677A3 (de) * | 1991-08-12 | 1993-04-15 | Flachenecker Hildegard & Lf | Hochfrequenzchirurgiegenerator zum schneiden von geweben |
EP0556705A1 (de) * | 1992-02-20 | 1993-08-25 | DELMA ELEKTRO-UND MEDIZINISCHE APPARATEBAU GESELLSCHAFT mbH | Hochfrequenzschirurgiegerät |
EP0558317A2 (de) * | 1992-02-27 | 1993-09-01 | G2 Design Limited | Vorrichtung zur Kauterisation |
US5496312A (en) * | 1993-10-07 | 1996-03-05 | Valleylab Inc. | Impedance and temperature generator control |
EP0703461A2 (de) * | 1994-09-23 | 1996-03-27 | Ethicon Endo-Surgery, Inc. | Impedanzrückkopplungsüberwacher für elektrochirurgisches Instrument |
US5514129A (en) * | 1993-12-03 | 1996-05-07 | Valleylab Inc. | Automatic bipolar control for an electrosurgical generator |
EP0812576A1 (de) * | 1996-06-14 | 1997-12-17 | Gebr. Berchtold GmbH & Co. | Elektrochirurgischer Hochfrequenz-Generator |
US6210403B1 (en) | 1993-10-07 | 2001-04-03 | Sherwood Services Ag | Automatic control for energy from an electrosurgical generator |
DE102004041681A1 (de) * | 2004-08-20 | 2006-02-23 | Celon Ag Medical Instruments | Vorrichtung zum elektrochirurgischen Veröden von Körpergewebe |
EP1810634A1 (de) * | 2006-01-24 | 2007-07-25 | Sherwood Services AG | System zum Gewebeverschluss |
US7642451B2 (en) | 2008-01-23 | 2010-01-05 | Vivant Medical, Inc. | Thermally tuned coaxial cable for microwave antennas |
US7713076B2 (en) | 2007-11-27 | 2010-05-11 | Vivant Medical, Inc. | Floating connector for microwave surgical device |
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US8131339B2 (en) | 2007-11-27 | 2012-03-06 | Vivant Medical, Inc. | System and method for field ablation prediction |
US8152802B2 (en) | 2009-01-12 | 2012-04-10 | Tyco Healthcare Group Lp | Energy delivery algorithm filter pre-loading |
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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US4474179A (en) | 1984-10-02 |
DE3120102C2 (de) | 1987-08-20 |
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