DE2306552B2 - Joint endoprosthesis - Google Patents

Joint endoprosthesis

Info

Publication number
DE2306552B2
DE2306552B2 DE19732306552 DE2306552A DE2306552B2 DE 2306552 B2 DE2306552 B2 DE 2306552B2 DE 19732306552 DE19732306552 DE 19732306552 DE 2306552 A DE2306552 A DE 2306552A DE 2306552 B2 DE2306552 B2 DE 2306552B2
Authority
DE
Germany
Prior art keywords
ceramic
joint
strength
glass
parts
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
DE19732306552
Other languages
German (de)
Other versions
DE2306552A1 (en
Inventor
P. Dr. Med. 6831 Plankstadt Griss
Guenther Dipl.-Phys. Dr. 6800 Mannheim Heimke
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Friatec AG
Original Assignee
Friedrichsfeld GmbH Steinzeug und Kunststoffwerke
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Friedrichsfeld GmbH Steinzeug und Kunststoffwerke filed Critical Friedrichsfeld GmbH Steinzeug und Kunststoffwerke
Priority to DE19732306552 priority Critical patent/DE2306552B2/en
Priority to CH113074A priority patent/CH561055A5/xx
Priority to GB454674A priority patent/GB1451283A/en
Priority to JP1552574A priority patent/JPS5330275B2/ja
Priority to IT20281/74A priority patent/IT1007601B/en
Priority to FR7404362A priority patent/FR2216981B1/fr
Publication of DE2306552A1 publication Critical patent/DE2306552A1/en
Publication of DE2306552B2 publication Critical patent/DE2306552B2/en
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
    • A61F2/02—Prostheses implantable into the body
    • A61F2/30—Joints
    • A61F2/30767—Special external or bone-contacting surface, e.g. coating for improving bone ingrowth
    • A61F2/30907—Nets or sleeves applied to surface of prostheses or in cement
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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    • A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
    • A61F2/02—Prostheses implantable into the body
    • A61F2/30—Joints
    • A61F2/30767—Special external or bone-contacting surface, e.g. coating for improving bone ingrowth
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
    • A61F2/02—Prostheses implantable into the body
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    • A61F2/32—Joints for the hip
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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    • A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
    • A61F2/02—Prostheses implantable into the body
    • A61F2/30—Joints
    • A61F2/32—Joints for the hip
    • A61F2/34—Acetabular cups
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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    • A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
    • A61F2/02—Prostheses implantable into the body
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    • A61F2/3804—Joints for elbows or knees for elbows
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
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    • A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
    • A61F2/02—Prostheses implantable into the body
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    • A61F2/32—Joints for the hip
    • A61F2/36—Femoral heads ; Femoral endoprostheses
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    • A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
    • A61F2/02—Prostheses implantable into the body
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    • A61F2002/30001—Additional features of subject-matter classified in A61F2/28, A61F2/30 and subgroups thereof
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    • A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
    • A61F2/02—Prostheses implantable into the body
    • A61F2/30—Joints
    • A61F2/30767—Special external or bone-contacting surface, e.g. coating for improving bone ingrowth
    • A61F2/30771—Special external or bone-contacting surface, e.g. coating for improving bone ingrowth applied in original prostheses, e.g. holes or grooves
    • A61F2002/3082—Grooves
    • A61F2002/30823—Grooves having the shape of a reverse dovetail
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
    • A61F2/02—Prostheses implantable into the body
    • A61F2/30—Joints
    • A61F2/30767—Special external or bone-contacting surface, e.g. coating for improving bone ingrowth
    • A61F2/30771—Special external or bone-contacting surface, e.g. coating for improving bone ingrowth applied in original prostheses, e.g. holes or grooves
    • A61F2002/3085—Special external or bone-contacting surface, e.g. coating for improving bone ingrowth applied in original prostheses, e.g. holes or grooves with a threaded, e.g. self-tapping, bone-engaging surface, e.g. external surface
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
    • A61F2/02—Prostheses implantable into the body
    • A61F2/30—Joints
    • A61F2/30767—Special external or bone-contacting surface, e.g. coating for improving bone ingrowth
    • A61F2002/30929—Special external or bone-contacting surface, e.g. coating for improving bone ingrowth having at least two superposed coatings
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
    • A61F2/02—Prostheses implantable into the body
    • A61F2/30—Joints
    • A61F2/32—Joints for the hip
    • A61F2/34—Acetabular cups
    • A61F2002/3401—Acetabular cups with radial apertures, e.g. radial bores for receiving fixation screws
    • A61F2002/3403—Polar aperture
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
    • A61F2/02—Prostheses implantable into the body
    • A61F2/30—Joints
    • A61F2/32—Joints for the hip
    • A61F2/36—Femoral heads ; Femoral endoprostheses
    • A61F2/3609—Femoral heads or necks; Connections of endoprosthetic heads or necks to endoprosthetic femoral shafts
    • A61F2002/3625—Necks
    • A61F2002/3631—Necks with an integral complete or partial peripheral collar or bearing shoulder at its base
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
    • A61F2/02—Prostheses implantable into the body
    • A61F2/30—Joints
    • A61F2/32—Joints for the hip
    • A61F2/36—Femoral heads ; Femoral endoprostheses
    • A61F2/3609—Femoral heads or necks; Connections of endoprosthetic heads or necks to endoprosthetic femoral shafts
    • A61F2002/365—Connections of heads to necks
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F2230/00—Geometry of prostheses classified in groups A61F2/00 - A61F2/26 or A61F2/82 or A61F9/00 or A61F11/00 or subgroups thereof
    • A61F2230/0002—Two-dimensional shapes, e.g. cross-sections
    • A61F2230/0017—Angular shapes
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    • A61F2310/00—Prostheses classified in A61F2/28 or A61F2/30 - A61F2/44 being constructed from or coated with a particular material
    • A61F2310/00005—The prosthesis being constructed from a particular material
    • A61F2310/00011—Metals or alloys
    • A61F2310/00017—Iron- or Fe-based alloys, e.g. stainless steel
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F2310/00—Prostheses classified in A61F2/28 or A61F2/30 - A61F2/44 being constructed from or coated with a particular material
    • A61F2310/00005—The prosthesis being constructed from a particular material
    • A61F2310/00179—Ceramics or ceramic-like structures
    • A61F2310/00185—Ceramics or ceramic-like structures based on metal oxides
    • A61F2310/00203—Ceramics or ceramic-like structures based on metal oxides containing alumina or aluminium oxide
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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    • A61F2310/00—Prostheses classified in A61F2/28 or A61F2/30 - A61F2/44 being constructed from or coated with a particular material
    • A61F2310/00389—The prosthesis being coated or covered with a particular material
    • A61F2310/00592—Coating or prosthesis-covering structure made of ceramics or of ceramic-like compounds
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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    • A61F2310/00—Prostheses classified in A61F2/28 or A61F2/30 - A61F2/44 being constructed from or coated with a particular material
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    • A61L—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR STERILISING MATERIALS OR OBJECTS IN GENERAL; DISINFECTION, STERILISATION OR DEODORISATION OF AIR; CHEMICAL ASPECTS OF BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES; MATERIALS FOR BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES
    • A61L2430/00—Materials or treatment for tissue regeneration
    • A61L2430/24—Materials or treatment for tissue regeneration for joint reconstruction

Description

Die Erfindung bezieht sich auf eine aus Stahi bestehende Gelenkendoprothese zur zementfreien Implantation. ZOThe invention relates to a made of steel Joint endoprosthesis for cementless implantation. ZO

Gelenkendoprolhesen besitzen zwangläufig Teile, die unterschiedlicher mechanischer Beanspruchung ausgesetzt sind. Die aufeinander gleitenden Gelenkleile sind vorwiegend auf Reibung und die Teile, die der Verankerung im Knochen dienen, vorwiegend auf Biegung und oder auf Druck beansprucht. Weiterhin müssen die Verankerungsteile aus gewebeverträglichem Material bestehen.Joint endoprolheses inevitably have parts that are subject to different mechanical loads are exposed. The joint parts sliding on each other are mainly due to friction and the parts that are used for anchoring in the bone subjected to bending and / or pressure. Furthermore, the anchoring parts must be made of tissue-compatible Material.

Bei einer bekannten Hüftgelenkendoprothese (deutsche Offenlegungsschrift 2 134 316) in Metallverbundausführung bestehen die in den Hüftgelenkknochen zu implantierende Pfanne und der in ihr gleitende Kopf aus polierter Al2O3-Keramik, wobei der Kopf mittels eines in ihn hineinragenden Zapfens auf einem Metallschaft befestigt ist. der seinerseits in dem Oberschenkelknochen verankert ist. Bei die ser bekannten Konstruktion werden zwar die günstigen Eigenschaften der Al2O3-Kerar,nk bezüglich der Reibbeanspruchung ausgenutzt, jedoch sind die Festigkeiten und das Zeitstandverhalten der mit Rücksicht auf die Gewebeverträglichkeit in Frage kommenden Legierungen unbefriedigend. Die Wahl des Metalls ist in der deutschen ÖfTenlegungsschrift 2 134 316 offengelassen. Es ist jedoch allgemein bekannt, daß Stähle in biologischer Umgebung korrosionsanfällig sind. Daher wurden bekanntlich spezielle Co-Cr-Mo-Legierungen entwickelt, deren Korrosionsverhallen günstiger ist. Hingegen erreichen diese Legierungen nicht die mechanischen Eigenschaften der hochfesten Stähle, besonders nicht bezüglich der Dauerstandfestigkeit. In a known hip joint endoprosthesis (German Offenlegungsschrift 2 134 316) in metal composite design, the socket to be implanted in the hip joint bone and the head sliding in it are made of polished Al 2 O 3 ceramic, the head being attached to a metal shaft by means of a pin protruding into it . which in turn is anchored in the femur. In this known construction, the favorable properties of the Al 2 O 3 core, nk with regard to frictional stress are used, but the strengths and creep behavior of the alloys that come into question with regard to tissue compatibility are unsatisfactory. The choice of metal is left open in German disclosure document 2 134 316. However, it is well known that steels are susceptible to corrosion in a biological environment. Therefore, as is known, special Co-Cr-Mo alloys have been developed whose corrosion behavior is more favorable. On the other hand, these alloys do not achieve the mechanical properties of high-strength steels, especially not with regard to creep strength.

Weiterhin ist eine Zweistoffendoprothese bekannt (deutsche Patentschrift 923 383). bei der als Verankerungs- und Basismaterial Kunststoff und als Armierung für die abriebbeanspruchten Gelenkflächen korrosionsfreies, abriebfestes Metall, z. B. Chrom-Molybdän-Wolfram, oder mineralische Stoffe wie Quarz oder Porzellan benutzt werden. Eine Reibbeanspruchung von Metall auf Metall in biologischer Umgebung ist möglichst zu vermeiden, weil der dabei immer entstehende Metallabrieb zu Gewebeschäden tiihrt. Auch bei der Kombination Kunststoff - mineralischer Stoff ist die Gewebeverträglichkeit nicht voll gewährleistet, weil der Kunststoff keine ausreichende Körperverträglichkeit besitzt. Außerdem weist er nicht die Festigkeit von z. B. Stahl auf. Die Kombination ist auch wegen des stark unterschiedlichen Elastizitätsmoduls ungünstig.A two-substance endoprosthesis is also known (German patent specification 923 383). in the case of plastic as an anchoring and base material and as Reinforcement for the joint surfaces exposed to abrasion corrosion-free, abrasion-resistant metal, e.g. B. Chromium-molybdenum-tungsten, or mineral substances such as quartz or porcelain can be used. A frictional stress of metal on metal in a biological environment should be avoided as far as possible because of this metal abrasion that always occurs leads to tissue damage. Even with the combination of plastic and mineral Fabric compatibility is not fully guaranteed because the plastic is insufficient Has compatibility with the body. In addition, it does not have the strength of e.g. B. steel. The combination is also unfavorable because of the vastly different modulus of elasticity.

Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, eine Gelenkendoprothese so zu gestalten, daß für die der Verankerung im Knochengewebe dienenden Teile ein Metall verwendbar ist, das unabhängig von seiner Gewebeverträglichkeit gewählt werden kann.The invention has for its object to design a joint endoprosthesis so that for the Anchoring in the bone tissue serving parts a metal can be used, which is independent of its Tissue compatibility can be chosen.

Die Lösung dieser Aufgabe besteht dann, daß erfindungsgemäß die Prothese in ihrer Gesamtheit mit einer keramischen Schicht bedeckt ist, wobei die der Gleitreibung ausgesetzten Flächen aus dichter Aluminiumoxidkeramik bestehen und die Verankerungsflächen mit Glaskeramik beschichtet sind. The solution to this problem is that according to the invention the prosthesis is covered in its entirety with a ceramic layer, the The surfaces exposed to sliding friction consist of dense aluminum oxide ceramic and the anchoring surfaces are coated with glass ceramic.

Es ist an sich bekannt, künstliche Ersatzteile mit einer Glasur zu überziehen (deutsche Patentschrift 583 589). Im bekannten Falle bestehen die Ersatzteile jedoch aus einer Al2O3-Keramik, die bereits für sich bioinert ist, so daß die Glasur allein zur Erzielung eines hochglänzenden Erzeugnisses aufgebracht wird.It is known per se to cover artificial spare parts with a glaze (German patent specification 583 589). In the known case, however, the replacement parts consist of an Al 2 O 3 ceramic which is already bioinert in itself, so that the glaze is applied solely to achieve a high-gloss product.

Es ist weiterhin bekannt, daß Glaskeramik bio- \ erträglich ist (Biomed. Mater. Res. [1972] Vol. 6. S. 451 bis 464).It is also known that glass-ceramic is bio-tolerable (Biomed. Mater. Res. [1972] Vol. 6. Pp. 451 to 464).

Mau hat diese Eigenschaft genutzt in Form eigener Körper aus Glaskeramik, z. B. für Distan/stücke. Solche Distanzstücke werden als Knocheneinsätze nur auf Druck belastet. Die mechanischen Eigenschaften, insbesondere die Biegebruchfestigkeit, gestatten jedoch nicht die Konstruktion ganzer Gelenkteile au? Glaskeramik.Mau has used this property in the form of its own body made of glass ceramic, e.g. B. for distance / pieces. As bone inserts, such spacers are only subjected to pressure. The mechanical properties, especially the flexural strength, however, do not allow the construction of entire joint parts ouch Glass ceramic.

Die erfindungsgemäße Kombination benutzt für die der Gleitreibung ausgesetzten Gelenkfliichen abrieb teste, dichte Al2O3-keramik und stellt vorteilhaft bei allein auf die gewünschte Festigkeit abzustimmender Materialwahl für die Verankerungsieile die geforderte Gewebeverträglichkeit sicher, weil ein glaskeramischer Überzug vorgesehen ist. Für letztere Teile kann folglich hochfester Stahl mit großer Zeitstandfestigkeit verwendet werdenThe combination according to the invention uses abrasion-tested, dense Al 2 O 3 ceramics for the joint surfaces exposed to sliding friction and advantageously ensures the required tissue compatibility, because a glass-ceramic coating is provided for the anchoring cords that have to be matched solely to the desired strength. As a result, high-strength steel with high creep strength can be used for the latter parts

Zur Verbesserung der Verankerung des anwachsenden Gewebes ist es vorteilhaft, eine poröse Schicht aus AI2O3-Keramik auf den dichten glaskeramischen Übemig zusätzlich aufzubringen. Die wesentliche Verbesserung gegenüber bisher bekannten porösen Grenzflächen (deutsche Offenlegungsschrift 2 134 316) besteht dann, daß die glaskeramische Unterschicht jede Berührung des Gewebes mit dem Metall sicher ausschließt und damit auch jede Lösung der Metallionen im Gewebe. Die zweite, poröse Schicht dient, wie bekannt, der besseren Verankerung der Prothese im Gewebe.To improve the anchoring of the growing tissue, it is advantageous to additionally apply a porous layer of Al 2 O 3 ceramic to the dense glass-ceramic overlay. The essential improvement over previously known porous interfaces (German Offenlegungsschrift 2 134 316) is that the glass-ceramic underlayer reliably excludes any contact between the fabric and the metal and thus also any dissolution of the metal ions in the fabric. As is known, the second, porous layer serves to better anchor the prosthesis in the tissue.

Die Erfindung wird am Beispiel einer in den Zeichnungen dargestellten Hüftgelenkendoprothese und einer Ellbogenendoprothese näher erläutert. Es zeigt F1 g. 1 eine Hüftgelenkendoprothese,The invention is illustrated using the example of a hip joint endoprosthesis and shown in the drawings an elbow endoprosthesis explained in more detail. It shows F1 g. 1 a hip joint prosthesis,

F i g. 2 einen Schnitt durch eine Gelenkpfanne für die Prothese nach Fig. 1.F i g. 2 shows a section through a joint socket for the prosthesis according to FIG. 1.

F i g. 3 eine Seitenansicht einer Ellbogenendoprothese undF i g. 3 shows a side view of an elbow endoprosthesis and

F i g. 4 ein Schnittbild der Ellbogenendoprothese nach F i g. 3.F i g. 4 shows a sectional view of the elbow endoprosthesis according to FIG. 3.

In den Fig. 1, 2 bezeichnet 1 den Schaft des Oberschenkelteils der Prothese. Dieser Schaft steckt bis zu seinem Kragen 2 im Oberschenkelknochen und stützt sich mit diesem Kragen 2 teilweise auf dem Knochen ab. Der Schaft besteht aus hochfestem Stahl großer Zeitstandfestigkeit und ist auf allen Oberflächen, mit Ausnahme der Grenzflächen, zum kugelförmigen Gelenkkopf 3 mit einem glaskeramischen Überzug verseilen. Der Schaft trägt an seinemIn Figs. 1, 2, 1 denotes the shaft of the Thigh part of the prosthesis. This shaft is up to its collar 2 in the thigh bone and is supported with this collar 2 partially on the bone. The shaft is made of high strength Steel has great creep strength and is used on all surfaces, with the exception of the interfaces strand the spherical joint head 3 with a glass-ceramic coating. The shaft carries on his

oberen Ende einen Zapfen 4 mit einer als Verdrehungsschutz dienenden Abflachung, der in eine entsprechende Ausnehmung des Gelenkkopfs 3 paßt. Die Grenzfläche 5 zwischen dem Gelenkkopf 3 und dem Schaft 1 ist eben, z. B. geschliffen. — Der Gelenkkopf 3 besteht aus AI2O3-Ke jmik. Er wird im aligemeinen nach der Implantation des Schafts im Oberschenkelknochen mit einem geeigneten Kleber Kings der Oberflächen des Zapfens 4 auf dem Schaft befestigt. Die äußere Oberfläche des Gelenkkopfs 3 aus Al2O3 Keramik ist poliert. — Die Innenfläche der Gelenkpfanne 6 aus AhCVKeramik ist zur Ober-■äche des Gelenkkopfs 3 passend poliert. Die Gelenkpfanne 6 trä.3t auf ihrer Rückseite 7 verschiedene Nuten, durch die eine direkte Verankerung im Hüftknochen erfolgt. Eine polierte Oberfläche einerseits und Verankerungsriefen auf der Pfanne andererseits sind bekannt (deutsche Offenlegunüsschrift 2 134 316).The upper end has a pin 4 with a flattened area which serves as an anti-twist protection and which fits into a corresponding recess in the joint head 3. The interface 5 between the joint head 3 and the shaft 1 is flat, e.g. B. ground. - The joint head 3 consists of Al 2 O 3 -Ke jmik. In general, after the shaft has been implanted in the femur, it is attached to the shaft with a suitable adhesive Kings of the surfaces of the pin 4. The outer surface of the joint head 3 made of Al 2 O 3 ceramic is polished. - The inner surface of the joint socket 6 made of AhCV ceramic is polished to match the surface of the joint head 3. The joint socket 6 has 7 different grooves on its back, through which a direct anchoring in the hip bone takes place. A polished surface on the one hand and anchoring grooves on the pan on the other hand are known (German Offenlegunüsschrift 2 134 316).

Die Ellbogengeienkproifiese in den Fig. 2 und 3 besteht aus zwei Schäften 8 und 9 aus hochfestem Stahl großer Zeitstandfestigkeit und zu ei gegeneinander beweglichen Teilen 10 und 11 aus Al2O3-Keramik. Die Schäfte 8 und 9 sind auf allen Oberdächen, mit Ausnahme der Grenzflächen, mit denen sie die Teile 10 und 11 aus Al2O.rKeramik berühren, mit einem glaskeramischen Überzug versehen. Die Teile 10 und 11 werden im allgemeinen nach der Implantation der Schäfte 8 und 9 mit einem geeigneten Kleber längs der Zapfen 12 und 13, die auch eiiici; Verdrehungsschutz aufweisen, in entsprechende Ausnehmungen in den Al2O3-Keramikteilen 10 und II eingepaßt und befestigt. Die Grenzflächen 14 und 15 zwischen den Schäften 8 und 9 und den Al2O3-Keramikteilen 10 und 11 sind eben. z. B. geschliffen.The elbow joint profile in FIGS. 2 and 3 consists of two shafts 8 and 9 made of high-strength steel with great creep strength and parts 10 and 11 that can move relative to one another are made of Al 2 O 3 ceramic. The shafts 8 and 9 are provided with a glass-ceramic coating on all surfaces, with the exception of the interfaces with which they touch the parts 10 and 11 made of Al 2 O. r ceramic. The parts 10 and 11 are generally after the implantation of the shafts 8 and 9 with a suitable adhesive along the pins 12 and 13, which also eiiici; Have anti-twist protection, fitted and fastened in corresponding recesses in the Al 2 O 3 ceramic parts 10 and II. The interfaces 14 and 15 between the shafts 8 and 9 and the Al 2 O 3 ceramic parts 10 and 11 are flat. z. B. ground.

Die aufeinander gleitenden Flächen der Teile 10 und 11 aus Al2O3-Keranük sind passend poliert.The surfaces of the parts 10 and 11 made of Al 2 O 3 Keranük, which slide on one another, are polished to match.

Als hochfester Stahl kommen alle Stähle hoher Zugfestigkeit in Frage, die bei der Körpertemperatur diese hohe Festigkeit auch nach eine.- großen Zahl von Lastwechseln behalten oder nahezL behalten. Für die genaue Dimensionierung muß de nach einer «rußen Zahl von Lastwechseln · erbleibende Festigkeit zugrunde gelegt werden. Außerdem muß dieserAll steels with high tensile strength at body temperature can be used as high-strength steel Retain or almost retain this high strength even after a large number of load changes. For the exact dimensioning must be the remaining strength after a small number of load changes be taken as a basis. In addition, this must

ίο Stahl die zum Aufbringen des glaskeramischen Überzues notwendige Wärmebehandlung möglichst ohne Festigkeitsverlust durchlaufen, bzw. es müssen für die Dimensionierung die nach dieser Wärmebehandlung gültigen Festigkeitswerte benutzt werden. — Wird der glaskeramische Überzug nach ein im der allgemein bekannten Flammspritzverfahreri oder durch eine andere, nur die Oberfläche des Stahls beeinflussende Methode, aufgebracht, so ist die Festigkeitsa'nderung des Stahlteils meist gering.ίο Steel that is used to apply the glass-ceramic coating The necessary heat treatment should be carried out without any loss of strength, or it must be necessary for the Dimensioning the strength values valid after this heat treatment are used. - Will the glass-ceramic coating according to an in general known flame spraying method or by another one that only affects the surface of the steel Method, applied, the change in strength of the steel part is usually small.

so Unter A!2O3-Keramik wird eine dichte, das heißt, keine offene Porosität aufweisende Oxidkeramik mit mehr als 85 Gewichtsprozent Al2Oj verstanden. An« günstigsten ist eine Oxidkeramik mit mehr als 95 Gewichtsprozent AloO:i.so under A! 2 O 3 ceramic is understood to be a dense oxide ceramic, that is to say that has no open porosity, with more than 85 percent by weight of Al 2 Oj. An oxide ceramic with more than 95 percent by weight of AloO : i .

Die Glaskeramik soll fest auf dem Stahl der Schäfte haften, gegebenenfalls vermittels metallischen ζ. Β. galvanisch aufgebrachter Zwischenschichten. Die Verfahren zum Aufbringen solcher Schichten sind allgemein bekannt.The glass ceramic should adhere firmly to the steel of the shafts, possibly by means of metallic ones ζ. Β. galvanically applied intermediate layers. The method of applying such Layers are well known.

Die chemische Zusammensetzung dieser Überzüge und der Grad der Entglasung bei den Glaskeramiken wird durch ihre Gewebeverträglichkeit bestimmt. Günstige Zusammensetzungen, die diese Bedingungen erfüllen, sind bei Glaskeramikkörpern bereits bekannt (s. oben Biomed . . .).The chemical composition of these coatings and the degree of devitrification in the glass ceramics is determined by their tissue compatibility. Cheap compositions that these Fulfilling conditions are already known for glass ceramic bodies (see Biomed above...).

Hierzu 2 Blatt ZeichnungenFor this purpose 2 sheets of drawings

Claims (2)

Patentansprüche:Patent claims: 1. Aus Stahl bestehende Gelenkendoprothese zur zementfreien Implantation, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß sie in ihrer Gesamtheit mit einer keramischen Schicht bedeckt ist, wobei die gleitender Reibung ausgesetzten Flächen aus dichter Aluminiumoxidkeramik bestehen und die Verankerungsflächen mit Glaskeramik beschichtet sind.1. Joint endoprosthesis made of steel for cementless implantation, characterized in that that it is covered in its entirety with a ceramic layer, the surfaces exposed to sliding friction dense aluminum oxide ceramic and coated the anchoring surfaces with glass ceramic are. 2. Gelenkendoprothese nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet daß die Glaskeramikschicht zusätzlich mit einer porösen Keramik beschichtet ist.2. Joint endoprosthesis according to claim 1, characterized in that the glass ceramic layer is additionally coated with a porous ceramic.
DE19732306552 1973-02-10 1973-02-10 Joint endoprosthesis Ceased DE2306552B2 (en)

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DE19732306552 DE2306552B2 (en) 1973-02-10 1973-02-10 Joint endoprosthesis
CH113074A CH561055A5 (en) 1973-02-10 1974-01-28
GB454674A GB1451283A (en) 1973-02-10 1974-01-31 Joint endoprostheses
JP1552574A JPS5330275B2 (en) 1973-02-10 1974-02-08
IT20281/74A IT1007601B (en) 1973-02-10 1974-02-08 SPECIAL ORTHOPEDIC ENDOPROTHESIS ARTICULAR MIND
FR7404362A FR2216981B1 (en) 1973-02-10 1974-02-08

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CH561055A5 (en) 1975-04-30
DE2306552A1 (en) 1974-08-15
GB1451283A (en) 1976-09-29

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