DE202008014225U1 - Geodesic dome - Google Patents

Abstract

Geodesic dome (1) with at least one door opening consisting of a support frame of hollow profile bars (2), which are connected to each other by means of nodes (4) and a spanned by the support frame hemispherical tarpaulin (3), wherein
the hollow profile rods (2) at the ends as a flat tabs (6) are formed, the tabs (6) relative to the hollow profile rod axis (8) are bent slightly at an angle α to realize the spherical shape during assembly, and perpendicular through the Tabs (6) two holes (7) are guided for producing a point bearing with a node (4),
the node (4) consists of two interconnected by a detachable bolt-nut connection gusset plates (9, 10) and between the gusset plates (9, 10) the connections for producing the point bearing with the tabs (6) in a connecting plane (11 ), wherein
each node (4) has at least one 2-point bearing and at least two 1-point bearings for each lug (6) of a hollow profile rod (2) and
a connection ...

Description

The The invention relates to a geodesic dome consisting of a support frame of coupled struts and from a tarpaulin spanned by means of the supporting frame.

Geodesic domes are spherical structures that are formed from triangles, here composed of the struts of the shoring. In terms of development history, they go back to Walther Bauersfeld, who in 1926 created a geodesic dome with the Carl Zeiss Planetarium. This type of building was further developed by the US architect Richard Buckminster Fuller in the 1940s, in which he systematically studied spatial structural designs and created new ones (ia US 2,682,235 ; US 2,914,074 ; US 3,197,927 ).

Geodetic Domes are characterized by their great stability and their favorable ratio of material to volume out. As a habitat, they offer benefits that are more natural Represent sound distribution and air circulation. Geodetic Domes offer excellent clairaudience. The spherical shape allows as well as a constant sun exposure during of the whole day as well as the possibility window at will to distribute.

In the connection of the support frame forming struts in the form of tubes or other elongate profiles node elements come with receiving sleeves or receiving trays with a cover used ( US 2006/0291952 A1 ).

Older protective rights describe connection node elements with connection lugs ( US 3 486 278 ; US 4,511,278 ) for screwing with the ends of the struts or a cylindrical node element with a slotted lateral surface for receiving pins of the struts of the supporting framework ( US Pat. No. 5,996,288 ).

adversely at these nodes is the necessary individual screwing the struts with the knot, which lavish in the face of the multitude of struts is.

A screw connection of flattened strut ends arranged between two flange plates, describes the US 4,622,795 , In order to reduce the number of screw connections, a flattened end of the strut has a gradation, so that with a certain form fit another flattened strut end is detected by a screw connection.

Another proposed solution is the use of struts in the form of flattened at the ends tubes with hook-shaped bends, which engage in an inner ring and bent during assembly and clamped between two outer plates are screwed ( US 2003/0226319 A1 ).

Finally, it is still on the US 4,194,851 which proposes a universal connector in which two circular discs are connected together by a bolt under frictional and positive inclusion of struts. To produce the positive connection, two central cylindrical rings are arranged perpendicularly on the cover plate, which engage in the assembly in sections of the legs of the U-shaped struts.

One Such connector is expensive to manufacture (cylinder rings on disc) and only prepared for passport Struts (cutouts in the legs of the U-profiles) suitable. The Strut cutouts additionally weaken the moment of resistance of the U-profile clearly.

task the invention is to propose a geodesic dome, whose support frame has node connection, the cost are to ensure a high stability, one have the same basic structure and those with a small number get by on screwing.

Solved This object is achieved with the features of claim 1, advantageous Embodiments are the subject of the dependent claims.

In a geodesic dome with at least one door opening, wherein the dome consists of a support frame made of hollow profile bars, which are connected by nodes, and the support frame carries a hemispherical tarpaulin, the invention proposes that the hollow profile bars are formed at the ends as flat tabs in that the tabs are slightly bent relative to the hollow profile rod axis at an angle α in order to realize the spherical shape during assembly, and perpendicularly through the tabs are two bores for producing a point bearing with a knot,
the node consists of two connectable by a detachable bolt-nut connection gusset plates and between the gusset plates, the connections for producing the point bearing with the tabs are arranged in a connecting plane, wherein
each node has at least one 2-point bearing and at least two 1-point bearings for each lug of a hollow profile rod and
a connection for a point bearing consists of a Zap permanently connected to a gusset plate fen for a hole in a tab of a hollow profile rod and a receiving bore for the pin in the other gusset plate.

at a 2-point bearing grab adjacent pins in both holes the flap of the hollow profile bar. Preferred are two 2-point bearings provided, each opposite and in alignment are arranged with the hollow profile rod axis.

Of the Advantage of such trained nodes is that conditionally excluded by the 2-point bearings a node twist and the system already has a high degree of stability Assembly has. Furthermore, the burden of the individual bearings the struts optimally distributed. Not to be underestimated also the short construction time due to the low number of Glands. Likewise, the knot can be kept flat.

• – Knoten für einen möglichen Anschluss von sechs Hohlprofilstangen, wobei zwei Verbindungen zwischen dem Knoten und den Hohlprofilstangen 2-Punkt-Lagerungen sind und die anderen 1-Punkt-Lagerungen,
• – Knoten für einen möglichen Anschluss von fünf Hohlprofilstangen, wobei zwei Verbindungen zwischen dem Knoten und den Hohlprofilstangen 2-Punkt-Lagerungen sind und die anderen 1-Punkt-Lagerungen,
• – Knoten für einen möglichen Anschluss von vier Hohlprofilstangen, wobei zwei Verbindungen zwischen dem Knoten und den Hohlprofilstangen 2-Punkt-Lagerungen sind und die anderen 1-Punkt-Lagerungen.

As nodes find use

• Knot for a possible connection of six hollow profile bars, wherein two connections between the node and the hollow profile bars are 2-point bearings and the other 1-point bearings,
• Knot for a possible connection of five hollow profile rods, two joints between the node and the hollow profile rods being 2-point bearings and the other 1-point bearings,
• - Nodes for a possible connection of four hollow profile bars, wherein two connections between the node and the hollow profile bars are 2-point bearings and the other 1-point bearings.

There the basic structure of the nodes is identical, namely consisting of two screwed together by a bolt connection Gusset plates and pins for the holes of the tabs the hollow profile bars on a gusset plate and holes for receiving the pin when connecting in the other gusset plates, exists both the possibility of producing the aforementioned nodes each as a single component and use as well as the possibility of not all connections a node z. B. one with six connection options to use and then this instead of a node with z. Four Use connection options.

Of the Node for connecting four hollow profile bars is preferably used as a floor node, wherein the hollow profile bars with the 2-point support resting on the ground or parallel to it run.

Regarding the door training is provided that two adjacent Floor node through a frame profile of the door opening and are connected to each other at the bottom by a hollow profile bar.

In a preferred embodiment, the frame profile of Door opening as well on both sides tabs on, so that it can be included in the point storage of the nodes.

A such execution provides that the connection between the frame profile and the bottom node produced on both sides by a 1-point storage is.

Naturally It is also possible, the frame profile on both sides with a To weld floor knots.

At the The circumference has the frame profile of the door opening spaced arranged nodes for the connection of at least three Hollow profile bars on, with a hollow profile bar over a 3-point storage is connected to the node. It can work to act another node or it is already described above Node used.

Prefers These knots are fixed to the frame profile of the door opening connected, preferably welded. It goes without saying that only a gusset plate is welded.

In A further embodiment provides that between the connecting bolt for the two gusset plates and a gusset plate a rigid Connection exists and the other gusset plate a through opening having for the connecting bolt.

at this version is attached to the frame profile of the door opening preferably, the gusset plate welded to the connecting bolt.

The Number of items to be handled becomes so during assembly further reduced.

Further it has proven to be, if between the gusset plates a Spring is arranged when joining the gusset plates is tense. This spring holds or pushes the Gusset plates thus apart and facilitates z. B. the lateral threading of hollow profile bars for producing a 1-point storage or the release during disassembly.

The connecting bolt of the one gusset plate has in a preferred embodiment for opening the associated other gusset plate on a fit, so that the bolt can be inserted only in a predetermined position in the opening, in which position the pins engage in the holes provided for them.

at Such a design, the connecting bolt in Shaft length have a flat section and the opening a guide adjacent to this section. These too Fit facilitates assembly.

at Another embodiment provides that the mother for the connecting bolt for the bottom nodes has a ring, a ring nut is additional or with the bolt-nut connection a ring nut is fixable at the node. These are ring nuts used when lashing the tarpaulin.

The tarpaulin proposed as a shell will be at the bottom attached by means of belt and rubber spreaders. The belt tensioners are sewn on the tarpaulin arranged. There are always two Belt tensioners along the struts led to the bottom node and connected here with the ring nut.

to further securing the tarpaulin will additionally rubber tensioner led through the eyelets incorporated in the tarpaulin and stretched around the lower hollow profile bars.

in the Door area has the tarpaulin a steel rope incorporated on, with the ring nuts of the two, the door sideways limiting bottom node is braced.

Of the Door insert is on the frame profile of the door opening or suspended from a rail connected to the hollow profile bars.

Naturally The proposed geodesic dome may also have windows exhibit. As window inserts are preferred acrylic glass sheets used. The acrylic glass panes are placed in the used on the tarpaulin sewed bags.

The Bags have a built-in slot on the front and pointing to the dome floor, the insertion of the acrylic glass pane relieved and at the same time serves to accumulate in the bag Drain rainwater.

The Inlaid pockets are made of PVC fabric. This substance Gives slightly when inserting the acrylic sheet and adapts then its original form again.

The The invention will be explained with reference to the drawings.

It demonstrate:

1 a schematic sketch of the dome,

2 a pattern for the tarpaulin,

3 a hollow profile bar,

4a a knot for 6 hollow profile bars,

4b a knot for 5 hollow profile bars,

4c a knot for 4 hollow profile bars,

4d a node for 3 hollow profile bars,

5 a floor node,

6 a door solution in front view,

7 the door solution on average and

8th a window solution.

• – Knoten 4.1 für einen möglichen Anschluss von sechs Hohlprofilstangen 2.1–2.6, wobei zwei Verbindungen zwischen dem Knoten 4.1 und den Hohlprofilstangen 2.1, 2.2 2-Punkt-Lagerungen sind und die anderen 1-Punkt-Lagerungen,
• – Knoten 4.2 für einen möglichen Anschluss von fünf Hohlprofilstangen 2.1–2.5, wobei zwei Verbindungen zwischen dem Knoten 4.2 und den Hohlprofilstangen 2.1, 2.2 2-Punkt-Lagerungen sind und die anderen 1-Punkt-Lagerungen,
• – Knoten 4.3 für einen möglichen Anschluss von vier Hohlprofilstangen 2.1–2.4, wobei zwei Verbindungen zwischen dem Knoten 4.3 und den Hohlprofilstangen 2.1, 2.2 2-Punkt-Lagerungen sind und die anderen 1-Punkt-Lagerungen.

1 shows a geodesic dome 1 consisting of a hollow profile rods 2 composite scaffolding, over which a tarpaulin 3 is curious. The tarpaulin 3 has windows 23 and one or more door openings 21 on. The hollow profile bars 2 be through knots 4 connected with each other. Here are used

• - knot 4.1 for a possible connection of six hollow profile bars 2.1 - 2.6 where two connections between the node 4.1 and the hollow profile bars 2.1 . 2.2 2-point bearings are and the other 1-point bearings,
• - knot 4.2 for a possible connection of five hollow profile bars 2.1 - 2.5 where two connections between the node 4.2 and the hollow profile bars 2.1 . 2.2 2-point bearings are and the other 1-point bearings,
• - knot 4.3 for a possible connection of four hollow profile bars 2.1 - 2.4 where two connections between the node 4.3 and the hollow profile bars 2.1 . 2.2 2-point bearings are and the other 1-point bearings.

At the door opening 21 comes a frame profile 5 in the form of a partial circle used. The frame profile 5 The door opening has tabs on both sides 6 on, leaving two adjacent bottom nodes 4.3 through a frame profile 5 a door opening and at the bottom by a hollow profile bar 2 can be connected to each other.

2 shows for understanding the pattern for the tarpaulin 3 such a geodesic dome. The parts are preferably sewn together and / or welded.

3 shows the end of a hollow profile bar 2 in two views. Preferably galvanized steel tubes are used, the ends either to a tab 6 pressed and drilled or at the end of a tab 6 with holes 7 is welded. In any case, in the tabs 6 two holes 7 introduced so that the hollow section bar for both a 1-point storage or a 2-point storage in the knot 4 suitable is.

The tabs 6 are opposite the hollow profile day axis 8th slightly angled at an angle α to realize the spherical shape during assembly. The angle α is depending on the size of the ball in the range of 8 to 10 ° for larger ball radii, it is even smaller.

In the 4a -D the individual nodes are shown.

Every node 4 consists of two connectable by a detachable bolt-nut connection gusset plates 9 and 10 , being between the gusset plates 9 . 10 the connections for producing the point bearing with the tabs 6 in a connection layer 11 are arranged.

A connection for a point bearing consists of a fixed with a gusset plate 9 connected pins 17 for a hole 7 in a tab 6 a hollow profile bar 2 and a receiving bore 18 for the journal 17 in the other gusset plate 10 , In a 2-point bearing thus two pins 17 used, each in one of the two holes 7 a tab 6 to grab.

Every node 4 has at least a 2-point bearing, with two 2-point bearings - as with the nodes 4.1 and 4.3 - These are each arranged opposite, preferably in alignment with the hollow profile rod axis 8th ,

4a shows knots 4.1 for a possible connection of six hollow profile bars 2.1 - 2.6 , Two connections between the node 4.1 and the hollow profile bars 2.1 and 2.2 are 2-point bearings, which are arranged opposite, as can be seen particularly clearly in section. The arrangement of all tabs 6 takes place at the connection level 11 ,

4b shows a node 4.2 for a possible connection of five hollow profile bars 2.1 - 2.5 , again with two connections between the node 4.2 and the hollow profile bars 2.1 . 2.2 2-point bearings are.

For all named nodes 4 the applies in 4b as a detail bolt connection between the gusset plates 9 and 10 , Here exists between the connecting bolt 12 and the gusset plate 10 a rigid connection and the other gusset plate 9 has a continuous opening 15 for the connecting bolt 12 having.

Between the gusset plates 9 . 10 is a spring 13 arranged when joining the gusset plates 9 . 10 is tense.

In the detail view it is further shown that the connecting bolt 12 to the opening 15 in the gusset plate 9 has a fit, preferably the connecting bolt 12 in shaft length a flat section 14 and the opening 15 one at this section 14 in the assembled state fitting guide 16 , so the bolt 12 only in a predetermined position in the opening 15 can be inserted, with the pins in this position 17 in the holes provided for them 18 intervention.

4c shows a node 4.3 for a possible connection of four hollow profile bars 2.1 - 2.4 ,

The knot 4.3 is preferably arranged as a base node, in which case the hollow profile rods 2.1 - 2.2 with the 2-point support resting on the ground or parallel to it. A similar picture would arise if a node 4.1 would be used, with its lower two pins 17 then stay unused.

4d shows a node 4.4 for a possible connection of three hollow profile bars 2.1 - 2.3 ,

As shown in the detail view, the frame profile indicates 5 the door opening on the circumference arranged nodes 4.4 for the connection of three hollow profile bars 2.1 - 2.3 on. This is the hollow profile bar 2.1 about a 2-point storage with the node 4.4 connected.

The knots 4.4 are fixed to the frame profile 5 arranged, preferably is a gusset plate 10 welded.

5 again shows in a perspective view a bottom node 4.3 as he is already under 4c has been described. The mother 19 for the connecting bolt 12 between the gusset plates 9 and 10 is here as a ring nut 20 educated. It serves as a fixing point when lashing the tarpaulin 3 ,

It is also clearly recognizable that the arrangement of the tabs 6 on the cones 17 the distance between the gusset plates 9 and 10 the lashing thickness corresponds (connection level 11 ), so can be kept small. The knot thickness does not exceed the outer dimensions of the hollow profile bars 2 ie, the node 4 does not stand up "Bump" in the tarpaulin stretched over the support frame 3 from.

The 6 and 7 show the door solution in two views.

Two adjacent floor nodes 4.3 are through the frame profile 5 the door opening and at the bottom by a hollow profile bar 2 connected with each other. The frame profile 5 The door opening has tabs on both sides 6 on, allowing the connection between the frame profile 5 and the bottom node 4.3 can be produced on both sides by a 1-point storage.

In the door area is in the tarpaulin 3 a steel rope 25 arranged on both sides with the bottom nodes 4.3 can be braced via a shackle. The door insert is directly in the frame profile 5 suspended or on an additional rail of the shoring.

An advantageous window solution shows 8th , As a window 23 are preferred acrylic glass panels used. The acrylic glass panes are placed in the designated tarpaulin 3 sewed bags 24 used.

The bags 24 have an incorporated slot 22 pointing to the front and to the dome floor, which facilitates the insertion of the acrylic glass pane and at the same time serves to be in the bag 24 derive accumulating rainwater.

The Inlaid pockets are made of PVC fabric. This substance Gives slightly when inserting the acrylic sheet and adapts then its original form again.

1

Geodetic dome

2

Hollow profile bars preferably tube ends ( 2.1 - 2.n )

3

tarpaulin

4

node

4.1

node for the connection of 6 hollow profile bars

4.2

node for the connection of 5 hollow profile bars

4.3

node for the connection of 4 hollow profile bars

4.4

node on the frame profile of the door opening

5

frame profile the door opening

6

flap formed at the ends of the hollow profile bars

7

Holes in the tabs 6

8th

Hollow profile rod axis

9

gusset plate (Admission)

10

gusset plate (Cover)

11

connecting plane

12

connecting bolts

13

feather

14

flat Bolt shaft surface section

15

Opening in the gusset plate for bolts 12

16

Leadership in the opening 15

17

Cones ( 17.1 - 17.n )

18

Mounting holes in the gusset plate for tenons 17

19

mother

20

ring nut

21

door with door insert

22

slot

23

window with acrylic glass pane

24

bag

25

steel cable

QUOTES INCLUDE IN THE DESCRIPTION

This list The documents listed by the applicant have been automated generated and is solely for better information recorded by the reader. The list is not part of the German Patent or utility model application. The DPMA takes over no liability for any errors or omissions.

Cited patent literature

• - US 2682235 [0002]
• - US 2914074 [0002]
• - US 3197927 [0002]
• US 2006/0291952 A1 [0004]
• - US 3486278 [0005]
• - US 4511278 [0005]
• US 5996288 [0005]
• US 4622795 [0007]
• US 2003/0226319 A1 [0008]
• - US 4194851 [0009]

Claims (16)

Geodesic dome ( 1 ) with at least one door opening consisting of a support frame of hollow profile rods ( 2 ) using nodes ( 4 ) are interconnected and a spanned by the support frame hemispherical tarpaulin ( 3 ), wherein the hollow profile bars ( 2 ) at the ends as a flat tabs ( 6 ) are formed, the tabs ( 6 ) relative to the hollow profile rod axis ( 8th ) are slightly bent at an angle α to realize the spherical shape during assembly, and vertically through the tabs ( 6 ) two holes ( 7 ) for producing a point bearing with a node ( 4 ), the node ( 4 ) of two connectable by a releasable bolt-nut connection with each other gusset plates ( 9 . 10 ) and between the gusset plates ( 9 . 10 ) the connections for producing the point bearing with the tabs ( 6 ) in a connection layer ( 11 ), each node ( 4 ) via at least one 2-point bearing and at least two 1-point bearings for each lug ( 6 ) a hollow profile bar ( 2 ) and a connection for a point bearing consists of a fixed with a gusset plate ( 9 ) connected pins ( 17 ) for a hole ( 7 ) in a tab ( 6 ) a hollow profile bar ( 2 ) and a receiving bore ( 18 ) for the pin ( 17 ) in the other gusset plate ( 10 ). Geodesic dome according to claim 1, characterized in that in a 2-point bearing adjacent pins ( 17.1 . 17.2 ) in both holes ( 7.1 . 7.2 ) a tab ( 6 ) to grab. Geodesic dome according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that as a node ( 4 ) are arranged - nodes ( 4.1 ) for a possible connection of six hollow profile bars ( 2.1 - 2.6 ), whereby two connections between the node ( 4.1 ) and the hollow profile bars ( 2.1 . 2.2 ) Are 2-point bearings and the other 1-point bearings, - nodes ( 4.2 ) for a possible connection of five hollow profile bars ( 2.1 - 2.5 ), whereby two connections between the node ( 4.2 ) and the hollow profile bars ( 2.1 . 2.2 ) Are 2-point bearings and the other 1-point bearings, - nodes ( 4.3 ) for a possible connection of four hollow profile bars ( 2.1 - 2.4 ), whereby two connections between the node ( 4.3 ) and the hollow profile bars ( 2.1 . 2.2 ) Are 2-point bearings and the other 1-point bearings. Geodesic dome according to claim 3, characterized in that the 2-point bearings at the nodes ( 4.1 ) and ( 4.3 ) are respectively arranged opposite, preferably in alignment with the hollow profile rod axis ( 8th ). Geodesic dome according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the node ( 4.3 ) for the connection of four hollow profile bars ( 2.1 - 2.4 ) is arranged as a floor node and the hollow profile bars ( 2.1 - 2.2 ) lie on the ground with the 2-point bearing or run parallel to it. Geodesic dome according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that two adjacent floor nodes ( 4.3 ) by a frame profile ( 5 ) a door opening and at the bottom by a hollow profile bar 2 connected to each other. Geodesic dome according to claim 6, characterized in that the frame profile ( 5 ) of the door opening on both sides tabs ( 6 ) having. Geodesic dome according to claim 6 or 7, characterized in that the connection between the frame profile ( 5 ) and the bottom node ( 4.3 ) is made on both sides by a 1-point storage. Geodetic dome according to one of claims 6 to 8, characterized in that the frame profile ( 5 ) the door opening at the circumference arranged nodes ( 4.4 ) for the connection of three hollow profile bars ( 2.1 - 2.3 ) having. Geodesic dome according to claim 9, characterized in that the nodes ( 4.4 ) fixed to the frame profile ( 5 ), preferably a gusset plate ( 10 ) is welded. Geodesic dome according to one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that between the connecting bolts ( 12 ) and the gusset plate ( 10 ) there is a rigid connection and the other gusset plate ( 9 ) a through opening ( 15 ) for the connecting bolt ( 12 ) having. Geodesic dome according to one of claims 1 to 11, characterized in that between the gusset plates ( 9 . 10 ) a feather ( 13 ) is arranged, which when joining the gusset plates ( 9 . 10 ) is stretched. Geodesic dome according to one of claims 1 to 12, characterized in that the nut ( 19 ) for the connecting bolt ( 12 ) for the gusset plates ( 9 . 10 ) a ring nut ( 20 ) or with the bolt-nut connection additionally a ring at the node ( 4 ) is fixable or on the connecting bolt ( 12 ) in addition a ring nut ( 20 ) can be screwed on. Geodesic dome according to one of the claims che 1 to 13, characterized in that the connecting bolt ( 12 ) to the opening ( 15 ) in the gusset plate ( 9 ) has a fit, preferably the connecting bolt ( 12 ) in shaft length a flat section ( 14 ) and the opening ( 15 ) one at this section ( 14 ) adjoining guide ( 16 ), so that the bolt ( 12 ) only in a predetermined position in the opening ( 15 ) is inserted, wherein in this position, the pins ( 17 ) into the holes ( 18 ) intervene. Geodesic dome according to one of claims 1 to 14, characterized in that in the door area in the tarpaulin ( 3 ) a steel cable ( 25 ) and with bottom nodes ( 4.3 ) is clamped via a shackle. Geodesic dome according to one of claims 1 to 15, characterized in that as a window ( 23 ) Acrylic glass panes used in the tarpaulin ( 3 ) sewn pockets ( 24 ), the pockets ( 24 ) an incorporated slot ( 22 ) on the front and pointing to the dome floor.