DE19956221B4 - Combined heat and power plant, especially for a current-controlled operation - Google Patents
Combined heat and power plant, especially for a current-controlled operation Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- DE19956221B4 DE19956221B4 DE19956221A DE19956221A DE19956221B4 DE 19956221 B4 DE19956221 B4 DE 19956221B4 DE 19956221 A DE19956221 A DE 19956221A DE 19956221 A DE19956221 A DE 19956221A DE 19956221 B4 DE19956221 B4 DE 19956221B4
- Authority
- DE
- Germany
- Prior art keywords
- fuel cell
- reformer
- heat
- exhaust pipe
- heat exchanger
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Fee Related
Links
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02G—HOT GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT ENGINE PLANTS; USE OF WASTE HEAT OF COMBUSTION ENGINES; NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F02G5/00—Profiting from waste heat of combustion engines, not otherwise provided for
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
- F24D18/00—Small-scale combined heat and power [CHP] generation systems specially adapted for domestic heating, space heating or domestic hot-water supply
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
- F24H1/00—Water heaters, e.g. boilers, continuous-flow heaters or water-storage heaters
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04007—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids related to heat exchange
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/06—Combination of fuel cells with means for production of reactants or for treatment of residues
- H01M8/0606—Combination of fuel cells with means for production of reactants or for treatment of residues with means for production of gaseous reactants
- H01M8/0612—Combination of fuel cells with means for production of reactants or for treatment of residues with means for production of gaseous reactants from carbon-containing material
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
- F24D2101/00—Electric generators of small-scale CHP systems
- F24D2101/30—Fuel cells
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
- F24D2103/00—Thermal aspects of small-scale CHP systems
- F24D2103/10—Small-scale CHP systems characterised by their heat recovery units
- F24D2103/13—Small-scale CHP systems characterised by their heat recovery units characterised by their heat exchangers
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04007—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids related to heat exchange
- H01M8/04014—Heat exchange using gaseous fluids; Heat exchange by combustion of reactants
- H01M8/04022—Heating by combustion
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E20/00—Combustion technologies with mitigation potential
- Y02E20/14—Combined heat and power generation [CHP]
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
- Y02T10/12—Improving ICE efficiencies
Abstract
Blockheizkraftwerk, insbesondere für einen stromgeführten Betrieb, mit mindestens einer Brennstoffzelle (2) und einem dieser vorgeschalteten Reformer (1), der mit Brenngas beaufschlagbar ist, wobei die Brennstoffzelle (2) über eine Abgasleitung (7, 9) mit einem Wärmetauscher (4) thermisch gekoppelt ist, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass in den Wärmetauscher (4) eine Kondensatleitung (13) des Reformers (1) mündet, der mit einer Abgasleitung (12) versehen ist.Combined heat and power plant, in particular for a current-controlled operation, with at least one fuel cell (2) and a reformer (1) upstream of this, which can be acted upon with fuel gas, wherein the fuel cell (2) via an exhaust pipe (7, 9) with a heat exchanger (4) is thermally coupled, characterized in that in the heat exchanger (4) a condensate line (13) of the reformer (1) opens, which is provided with an exhaust pipe (12).
Description
Die Erfindung bezieht sich auf ein Blockheizkraftwerk gemäß dem Oberbegriff des Anspruches 1.The The invention relates to a combined heat and power plant according to the preamble of claim 1.
Bei einem stromgeführten Betrieb eines solchen Blockheizkraftwerkes kann es, insbesondere im Sommer, vorkommen, dass die bei der Stromproduktion anfallende Wärme nicht benötigt wird und abgeführt werden muss. Hierdurch kann es erforderlich werden, erhebliche Wärmemengen abführen zu müssen. Dies erfordert mit Luftkühlung einen sehr erheblichen Aufwand. So benötigt man z. B., um 2 kW thermisch mit einer Temperaturdifferenz von 20 K abzuführen, ca. 300 m3/h Kühlluft. Diese Luftmenge ist nur mit sehr großen Gebläsen und Abgasquerschnitten möglich. Aus diesem Grund ist es bei den herkömmlichen Blockheizkraftwerken nicht immer möglich, diese stromgeführt zu betreiben, so daß diese modulierend betrieben werden oder abgeschaltet werden müssen und der Strombedarf dann aus einem öffentlichen Netz gedeckt werden muss.In a current-controlled operation of such a combined heat and power plant, it may happen, especially in summer, that the heat generated during power production is not needed and must be dissipated. As a result, it may be necessary to dissipate considerable amounts of heat. This requires a very considerable effort with air cooling. So you need z. B., to dissipate 2 kW thermally with a temperature difference of 20 K, about 300 m 3 / h of cooling air. This air volume is only possible with very large blowers and exhaust gas cross sections. For this reason, it is not always possible in the conventional combined heat and power plants to operate them in a current-controlled manner, so that they have to be operated modulatingly or have to be switched off and the power requirement then has to be covered by a public network.
Ziel der Erfindung ist es, diese Nachteile zu vermeiden und ein Blockheizkraftwerk der eingangs erwähnten Art vorzuschlagen, bei dem es möglich ist, auch größere Wärmemengen mit geringem Aufwand abführen zu können.aim The invention is to avoid these disadvantages and a combined heat and power plant the aforementioned To propose way in which it is possible is, even larger amounts of heat dissipate with little effort to be able to.
Erfindungsgemäß wird dies bei einem Blockheizkraftwerk der eingangs erwähnten Art durch die kennzeichnenden Merkmale des Anspruches 1 erreicht.According to the invention this is in a combined heat and power plant of the type mentioned by the characterizing Features of claim 1 achieved.
Durch die vorgeschlagenen Maßnahmen wird erreicht, daß das abzuführende heiße Abgas durch die Verdunstung des Kondensats erheblich abgekühlt wird, wodurch die allenfalls notwendige weitere Abkühlung mit erheblich geringeren Kühlluftmengen erreicht werden kann.By the proposed measures will be achieved that dissipated name is Exhaust gas is considerably cooled by the evaporation of the condensate, whereby the possibly necessary further cooling with considerably smaller Cooling air flow can be achieved.
Durch die Merkmale des Anspruches 2 ergibt sich der Vorteil, daß die abzuführende Wärme praktisch vollständig durch Verdampfung von Wasser abgeführt werden kann, so daß praktisch keine nennenswerte Kühlluftmengen erforderlich sind.By the features of claim 2, there is the advantage that the dissipated heat practically Completely can be dissipated by evaporation of water, so that practically no significant amounts of cooling air required are.
Durch die Merkmale des Anspruches 3 ergibt sich der Vorteil, daß die für den Reformer erforderliche Wärmemenge im wesentlichen durch die von der Brennstoffzelle abzuführende Wärme gedeckt werden kann.By the features of claim 3, there is the advantage that for the reformer required amount of heat essentially covered by the dissipated by the fuel cell heat can be.
Die
Erfindung wird nun anhand der Zeichnung näher erläutert. Dabei zeigen die
Gleiche Bezugszeichen bedeuten in beiden Figuren gleiche Einzelteile.Same Reference numerals in both figures mean the same items.
Bei
den Blockheizkraftwerken gemäß den
Die
Brennstoffzelle
Eine
weitere Abgasleitung
Der
Nachbrenner
Beim
Betrieb wird im Reformer
Das
in der Brennstoffzelle
Das
im Reformer anfallende Kondensat gelangt in den Wärmetauscher
Die
Ausführungsform
nach der
Claims (3)
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
AT1956/98 | 1998-11-23 | ||
AT0195698A AT407315B (en) | 1998-11-23 | 1998-11-23 | CHP POWER PLANT |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
DE19956221A1 DE19956221A1 (en) | 2000-05-25 |
DE19956221B4 true DE19956221B4 (en) | 2010-04-08 |
Family
ID=3524689
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
DE19956221A Expired - Fee Related DE19956221B4 (en) | 1998-11-23 | 1999-11-23 | Combined heat and power plant, especially for a current-controlled operation |
Country Status (3)
Country | Link |
---|---|
AT (1) | AT407315B (en) |
CH (1) | CH690879A5 (en) |
DE (1) | DE19956221B4 (en) |
Families Citing this family (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
GB2412784B (en) | 2002-01-18 | 2006-08-23 | Intelligent Energy Ltd | Fuel cell oxygen removal and pre-conditioning system |
AT505940B1 (en) * | 2008-02-07 | 2009-05-15 | Vaillant Austria Gmbh | HIGH-TEMPERATURE FUEL CELL SYSTEM WITH EXHAUST GAS RECYCLING |
Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4333992A (en) * | 1980-10-30 | 1982-06-08 | United Technologies Corporation | Method for producing steam from the liquid in a moist gas stream |
US4994331A (en) * | 1989-08-28 | 1991-02-19 | International Fuel Cells Corporation | Fuel cell evaporative cooling using fuel as a carrier gas |
US5360679A (en) * | 1993-08-20 | 1994-11-01 | Ballard Power Systems Inc. | Hydrocarbon fueled solid polymer fuel cell electric power generation system |
Family Cites Families (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US5206094A (en) * | 1990-11-30 | 1993-04-27 | The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Air Force | Fuel cell evaporative cooler |
-
1998
- 1998-11-23 AT AT0195698A patent/AT407315B/en not_active IP Right Cessation
-
1999
- 1999-11-18 CH CH02100/99A patent/CH690879A5/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1999-11-23 DE DE19956221A patent/DE19956221B4/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4333992A (en) * | 1980-10-30 | 1982-06-08 | United Technologies Corporation | Method for producing steam from the liquid in a moist gas stream |
US4994331A (en) * | 1989-08-28 | 1991-02-19 | International Fuel Cells Corporation | Fuel cell evaporative cooling using fuel as a carrier gas |
US5360679A (en) * | 1993-08-20 | 1994-11-01 | Ballard Power Systems Inc. | Hydrocarbon fueled solid polymer fuel cell electric power generation system |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
AT407315B (en) | 2001-02-26 |
CH690879A5 (en) | 2001-02-15 |
DE19956221A1 (en) | 2000-05-25 |
ATA195698A (en) | 2000-06-15 |
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Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
8127 | New person/name/address of the applicant |
Owner name: VAILLANT GMBH, 42859 REMSCHEID, DE |
|
8110 | Request for examination paragraph 44 | ||
8364 | No opposition during term of opposition | ||
R119 | Application deemed withdrawn, or ip right lapsed, due to non-payment of renewal fee |