DE19943438A1 - Composition use in cosmetic hair preparations, contains a water-dispersible comb polymer with sulfonated, fluorine-modified polyester side chains and a physiologically compatible non-ionic polymer - Google Patents

Abstract

Combinations of: (A) water-soluble and/or -dispersible comb polymers with sulfonated polyester side chains attached to a main chain by ester links, containing sections with (per)fluorinated carbon atoms and neutralized with lithium and sodium in a Li:Na mol ratio of 0.1-50, preferably 0.5-25; and (B) physiologically-compatible non-ionic polymers. Combinations of: (A) water-soluble and/or -dispersible comb polymers with sulfonated polyester side chains attached to a main chain by ester links, containing sections with (per)fluorinated carbon atoms and neutralized with lithium and sodium in a Li:Na mol ratio of 0.1-50, preferably 0.5-25; and (B) physiologically-compatible non-ionic polymers. An Independent claim is also included for cosmetic hair-care preparations containing effective amounts of such combinations.

Description

The invention relates to fluorine-modified comb polymers, their preparation and their An use in hair cosmetic preparations. In this case, the inventive Polymers containing a sulfonate polyester portion, a polymeric backbone and one or more fluorine-containing components. In addition, their application is as a movie Artists for hair styling products are the focus of interest.

An appealing-looking hairstyle is now generally considered an indispensable part of one looked after cultivated exteriors. Due to current fashion trends always apply Again, hairstyles as chic, which in many hair types only using certain Establish firming agents or maintained for a longer period read sen.

For these reasons, some hair care cosmetics are used for some time, which are intended to be rinsed out after exposure to the hair, partly those which should remain on the hair. The latter can be formulated in this way that they not only serve the care of the individual hair, but also the exterior improve hairstyle overall, for example, by giving the hair Give more fullness, fix the hairstyle over a longer period of time or his Improve manageability.

The property of fullness is attributed to a hairstyle, for example, when the hair after the treatment does not lie flat on the scalp and is easy to style.

The property of volume is attributed to a hairstyle, for example, if that Hair after treatment has fullness and bounce.  

The property of the body is attributed to a hairstyle, for example, if that Hair volume remains large even under external, disturbing influences.

Firming agents, which are usually polymeric compounds can be incorporated into common hair cleansing or conditioning agents. In In many cases, however, it is advantageous to use them in the form of special remedies such as hair fixatives or To apply hair sprays.

There have recently been a number of developments in the hair cosmetics field, the need for novel fixing active ingredients or new formulation forms have awakened. Many of these developments are not based on application technology disadvantages or shortcomings of the known means, but z. B. on Environmental considerations, legal requirements or other "non-technical" Causes.

However, the prior art leaves it to active ingredients (polymers) and preparations man which meet the aforementioned requirements. The hairstyle fixing For example, preparations of the prior art generally contain stock parts (synthetic or natural polymers) which are in danger of being partially or complete replacement of volatile organic compounds by water a signifi edge to experience product characteristics, often through skillful Formulation must be compensated. In addition, the fixing Zuberei are characterized tions of the prior art often by difficult or expensive to formulie rende formulation ingredients with insufficient long-term stability, this being especially applicable to silicone derivatives which improve flexibility and tactility the polymer film surface are used.

It was therefore the task to develop appropriate means with regard to technical properties, such as the spray behavior and the dry in hair sprays that meet consumer expectations and have at the same time a reduced amount of volatile organic compounds, without the elementary properties of the polymer film on the hair, such. B. Clarity / transparency, surface tactility, gloss, elasticity and washability  be negatively affected and the processability of the formulation ingredients easy and is not a problem.

For shaping and strengthening hair are generally water-soluble, syn used thetic polymers. So far, polymers have been particularly preferred on the Basis of vinylpyrrolidone and vinyl acetate or their copolymers with the various acrylate or methacrylate derivatives. Generally, these poly mers with film-forming properties in the form of alcoholic or aqueous alcohol applied to the hair solutions.

The solutions of such polymers envelop the hair with a film, depending on firm polymer type, structurally improving, shaping, gloss improving, smoothing and antistatic effect. The films formed on the hair should one be moisture resistant on the other hand, d. H. The hair should not even in high humidity stick together and lose the shape, on the other hand, the polymer films in the Reini hair with an aqueous surfactant solution also wash out again.

Due to the ever increasing demands on the environmental compatibility kosmeti The volatile organic content (Volatile Organic Compounds - VOC) also in cosmetic preparations such as in Hairsprays are kept as low as possible or compared to the usual today Shares are lowered. Formulations with a VOC share of 80% are currently the goal of many manufacturers of hair cosmetic preparations. Beyond that for the future still lower VOC shares (VOC-50) discussed. This means for the Manufacturer of hair sprays that the previously used alcohol as the solvent It is increasingly necessary to replace polymers with water, which is better known considered to be serious in the use of conventional polymer types Formulation difficulties leads. In particular, the high solution viscosities at higher water contents significantly worsen the spray behavior and the drying the polymer films. The associated unsatisfactory application technology Properties of the polymer films require the search for suitable water-soluble ones Film formers with a highly aqueous formulations significantly improved Property profile.  

Early work on alternative water-soluble polyesters (US 3,345,313) employed with the synthesis of neutralizable acid-bearing compounds based on Pro pionsäuredimethanol. In later documents (US 4,300,580 and US 5,320,836) is the Preparation of linear sulfonic acid-containing water-soluble polyesters as Filmbildner described in hair cosmetic applications. In the form of their sodium salts These polyesters are characterized by their high tolerance to water at the same time acceptable solution viscosities in alcoholic formulations. Structurally very similar film formers are described in patents US 5,158,762 and US Pat EP 705,595. In recent times, the old synthesis concept of the Propionic acid dimethanol as a water-soluble component with other Strukturmerk paint as phosphoric acid derivatives (EP 815 849) or amines (EP 696 607) in combination ren.

The object of the present invention was to develop new polymers for use as a film image ner in hair fixatives to develop, the favorable application technology own have properties. In particular, properties such as spray behavior, gloss and stood Film smoothness and not least the formability in the center of interest.

In addition, the products should be characterized by tack-free, film clarity, solidification performance and Distinguish washout after application on the hair.

It has now been found, and therein is the solution to the problems that com binations from

• a) water-soluble and / or water-dispersible comb polymers consisting of a polymer main chain and with this polymer main chain via ester groups ver tethered sulfone polyester-containing polyester side arms, which at least partially were neutralized by sodium and lithium counterions, the molar Ver ratio of lithium to sodium between 0.1 and 50, preferably between 0.5 and 25, wherein at least portions of these polyester side arms fluorinated or have perfluorinated carbon atoms,

and

• a) one or more substances selected from the group of physiologically ver nonionic polymers

or hair cosmetic preparations containing an effective amount of combi nations

• a) water-soluble and / or water-dispersible comb polymers consisting of a polymer main chain and with this polymer main chain via ester groups ver tying sulfone polyester-containing polyester side arms, at least Teilberei surface of these polyester sidearms fluorinated or perfluorinated carbon atoms point,

and

• a) one or more substances selected from the group of physiologically ver nonionic polymers

eliminate or at least mitigate the disadvantages of the prior art.

The comb polymers of the invention are characterized by both good water and Alcohol compatibility as well as favorable film properties and high Netzvermö out. Moreover, they are easy to formulate. In addition, their use leads to favorable droplet size when spraying a fixer formulation as an aerosol.

Specifically, these polymers are characterized by both good water and Alkoholverträg sensitivity, as well as favorable film properties and high network capacity.

The polymeric main chain of the comb polymers used according to the invention preferably consists of:

• a) polymeric aliphatic, cycloaliphatic or aromatic polycarboxylic acids or derivatives thereof such as polyacrylic acid, polymethacrylic acid, their esters (esters of the two acids with aliphatic, cycloaliphatic or aromatic alcohols with C ₁ to C ₂₂ ), maleic acid, maleic anhydride, fumaric acid or poly norbonensäure. The number-average molecular weights of the polycarboxylic acids used can be between 200 and 2,000,000 g / mol, the range of 2,000-100,000 g / mol preferably being used.

The basic structure of the comb polymers according to the invention follows essentially the following scheme:

The interconnected groupings named XXX mean the main body of a polymer backbone, on which via ester molecules groupings, which bear the name YYY. The molecule group YYY represents both the complete sulfonic polyester side However, the comb polymers of the invention may also be other molecular groups represent pierungen.

The polymeric main chain of the comb polymers used according to the invention preferably consists of:

• a) polymeric aliphatic, cycloaliphatic or aromatic polycarboxylic acids or derivatives thereof such as polyacrylic acid, polymethacrylic acid and their esters (esters of the two acids with aliphatic, cycloaliphatic or aromatic alcohols with C ₁ to C ₂₂ ), maleic acid, maleic anhydride, fumaric acid and polynorboric acid. The average molecular weights of the polycarboxylic acid used can be between 200 and 2,000,000 g / mol, the range of 2,000-100,000 g / mol preferably being used.

The average molecular weights of the polycarboxylic acid used can be between 200 and 2,000,000 g / mol, the range of 2000-100,000 g / mol being preferably Ver finds application.

The attachment of the polyester side chains via an ester group, by the Reaction of a functional group of the main chain (-COOH in the case of polycarbon acids or -OH in the case of the polyalcohols) with a corresponding group of the poly esters (OH in the case of the polycarboxylic acids and COOH in the case of the polyalcohols). itself Reactive derivatives of the above-mentioned components can also be understood Reaction can be brought (for example, anhydrides, esters, halogen compounds and such more).  

The polyesters used according to the invention can advantageously be distinguished by the following geometric formulas:

etc.

Here, p and o can be chosen so that the previously designated mean moles Kulargewichte of the main chain components used come about.

The polyester side chains according to formula I-III advantageously consist of:
G: an aromatic, aliphatic or cycloaliphatic organyl units containing at least two terminal oxygen atoms and having a carbon number of C ₂ to C ₂₂ or derivatives of a polyglycol of the formula HO- [R ³ -O] _k - [R ⁴ -O] _m -H, according to an organyl unit

The radicals R ³ and R ⁴ represent alkylene radicals having a carbon number of C ₂ -C ₂₂ , where both radicals do not necessarily have to be different. Fluorinated or perfluorinated alkylene radicals are also within the meaning of the invention.

For the coefficients k and m the following applies: k + m ≧ 1, where k and m can furthermore be chosen such that the previously described average molecular weights of the main chain constituents used are obtained.
D: an at least two terminal acyl-containing aromatic, ali phatic or cycloaliphatic organyl moiety having a carbon number of C ₂ to C ₂₂ , wherein also combinations of several different acid components can be contained in the claimed target molecule, for example an organyl moiety of the scheme

where R ^{s can represent} aromatic and linear or cyclic, saturated or unsaturated aliphatic bifunctional radicals having carbon numbers of C ₂ to C ₂₂ . Fluorinated or perfluorinated acyl radicals are also within the meaning of the invention
or a terminal acyl group and a terminal oxo group containing aromatic, aliphatic or cycloaliphatic organyleinheit having a Koh lenstoffzahl from C ₂ to C ₂₂ , whereby combinations of several different NEN acid components may be included in the claimed target molecule, for example, an organyl moiety of the scheme

where R ^{S 'can represent} aromatic and linear or cyclic, saturated or unsaturated aliphatic bifunctional radicals having carbon numbers of C ₂ to C ₂₂ . Fluorinated or perfluorinated acyl radicals are also within the meaning of the invention.
T: a compound from the group of at least two terminal acyl-containing sulfonated aromatic, aliphatic or cycloaliphatic Or ganylverbindungen.
R ¹ : lithium and / or sodium in addition to optionally further counterions, for. B., potassium, magnesium, calcium, ammonium, monoalkylammonium, dialkylammonium, trialkylammonium or tetraalkylammonium, wherein the alkyl positions of the amines are independently occupied by C ₁ to C ₂₂ alkyl radicals and 0 to 3 hydroxyl groups.
R ² : a molecule residue selected from the groups of

• aromatic, aliphatic or cycloaliphatic amino functions: (-NH-R ⁵ , -NR ⁵ ₂ where R ^{5 may be} an alkyl or aryl radical with C ₁ to C ₂₂ )
• aromatic, aliphatic or cycloaliphatic monocarboxylic acid groups: (-COOR ⁵ where R ^{6 represents} an alkyl or aryl radical with C ₁ to C ₂₀₀ )
• - via ether functions bridged aromatic, aliphatic or cycloaliphatic rule organyl radicals: (-OR ⁵ )
• - Via ether functions bridging polyalkoxy compounds of the form
  -O- [R ⁷ -O] _q - [R ⁸ -O] _r -Y
• The radicals R ⁷ and R ⁸ are advantageously alkylene radicals having a carbon number of C ₂ -C ₂₂ , where both radicals do not necessarily have to be different. The radical Y can be both hydrogen and aliphatic with C ₁ -C ₂₂ . For the coefficients q and r: q + r ≧ 1.
• - Via ether functions bridging singly or multiply ethoxylated sulfo-ned organyl or preferably their alkali metal or alkaline earth metal salts, as for example advantageously characterized by the generic structural formula
  - (O-CH ₂ -CH ₂ ) _s -SO ₃ R ¹
  with s ≧ 1, and where s can also be chosen so that the previously designated mean molecular weights of the main chain components used come about.
• Perfluorinated aliphatic compounds of the type:
  -Y OH _{2 rr} CF _{2 ss} CF ₃
  where the coefficients rr and ss meet the following requirements: rr ≧ 0 and ss ≧ 1.

The attachment of the perfluorinated compounds to the polyester side chains is usually carried out in the form of the corresponding alcohols. This results in Polykondensati onsbedingungen for ester-like attachment (Y = PS-COO-). The term PS means this polyester side chain and is intended merely to indicate the direction of the connection of the fluorhalti gene compound. However, this preferred form of attachment is not the only possibility of linking, and nitrogen, sulfur and phosphorus-containing groups (Y = PS-COS, PS-NHCO, PS-PO ₃ -) can also be used to attach the perfluorinated parts of the molecule the polyester side chain can be used and are considered as fiction, according to. Furthermore, also Carboyxlgruppenhaltige perfluorinated compounds in the context of the invention. The corresponding connection to the PS chain is of course also in this case via a corresponding ester function, but their orientation is the laws of chemistry naturally contrary to the variant described above (use of perfluorinated alcohols, etc.).

The average molecular weights of the comb polymers of the invention may be advantageous between 200 and 2,000,000 g / mol, particularly advantageously between 200 and 100 000 g / mol, with the range between 1000 and 30 000 g / mol preferred Use is found, very particularly advantageous from 5000 to 15 000 g / mol.

The polyesters according to the invention are advantageously prepared by esterification or Transesterification of the functional alcohol components and diols with the carboxylic acids or their suitable derivatives (for example, alkyl esters, halides and the like more) in the presence of an esterification catalyst such as alkali metal hydroxides, their carbonates, acetates, alkaline earth metal oxides, hydroxides, carbonates and acetates, and Alkali metal and alkaline earth metal salts and fatty acids having 6 to 22 carbon atoms. Furthermore, titanium compounds such as titanates, metallic tin and organic Tin compounds, such as mono- and dialkyltin derivatives as esterification catalysts in Consideration. Preferably, the esterification / transesterification is carried out using tin cut or Titanteraisopropylat performed as a catalyst.

The esterification / transesterification is preferred at temperatures of 120 ° C to 280 ° C. carried out, wherein the resulting lower-boiling condensate (alcohols or What Ser) is removed by distillation from the condensation product, preferably under verminder tem pressure up to <0.1 mbar.  

As polymers it is possible to use aliphatic, aromatic and cycloaliphatic polycarboxylic acids or their derivatives, for example polyacrylic acid, polymethacrylic acid and their esters (esters of the two acids with C ₁ to C ₂₂ aliphatic, aromatic or cycloaliphatic alcohols), maleic acid, maleic anhydride, fumaric acid and polyboric acid become. The average molecular weights of the individual polycarboxylic acids can be between 200 and 2,000,000 g / mol, with the range of 2,000 to 100,000 g / mol preferably being used.

The average molecular weights of the comb polymers of the invention may be advantageous between 200 and 2,000,000 g / mol, particularly advantageously between 200 and 100,000 g / mol are preferably the range of 1000-30 000 g / mol use especially advantageous from 5000-15000 g / mol.

The polyesters according to the invention are advantageously prepared by esterification or Transesterification of the underlying functional alcohol components and diols with the carboxylic acids or their suitable derivatives (for example, alkyl esters, halogens nides and the like) in the presence of an esterification catalyst such as Alkalime tallhydroxide, their carbonates and acetates, alkaline earth metal oxides, hydroxides, carbonates and acetates and alkali metal and alkaline earth metal salts of fatty acids having 6 to 22 Carbon atoms. Furthermore, titanium compounds, such as titanate, metallic Tin and organic tin compounds, such as mono- and dialkyltin derivatives as an ester cations in consideration. Preferably, the esterification / transesterification is under Use of tin ground or titanium tetraisopropylate as catalyst.

The esterification / transesterification is preferred at temperatures of 120 ° C to 280 ° C. carried out, wherein the resulting lower-boiling condensate (alcohols or What Ser) is removed by distillation from the condensation product, preferably under verminder tem pressure up to <0.1 mbar.

Suitable starting materials for the polyester skeleton comb polymers of the invention may be polymeric aliphatic, cycloaliphatic or aromatic polycarboxylic acids or derivatives thereof such as polyacrylic acid, polymethacrylic acid and esters thereof (esters of the acids with aliphatic, cycloaliphatic or aromatic alcohols with C ₁ to C ₂₂ ), maleic acid, Maleic anhydride, fumaric acid and polynorboric acid. The average molecular weights of the individual polycarboxylic acids may be between 200 and 2,000,000 g / mol, the range of 2,000-100,000 g / mol preferably being used.

Also random or block copolymers of the above class of compounds with other vinylic monomers such as styrene, acrylamide, α-methylstyrene, Styrene, N-vinylpyrrolidone, N-vinylcaprolactone, acrylamidopropylensulfonic acid and their Alkali, alkaline earth and ammonium salts, MAPTAC (methacrylamidopropyltrimethyl ammonium chloride), DADMAC, vinylsulfonic acid, vinylphosphonic acid, crotonic acid, Vinylacetamide, vinylmethylacetamide, vinylforamide, acrylic acid or methacrylic acid vate (for example, free acid or ester), or acrylamide derivatives or vinyl acetate may serve to form the polymeric backbone.

As a basis for at least two terminal oxygen atoms containing aromatic, aliphatic or cycloaliphatic Organyleinheiten having a carbon number of C ₂ to C ₂₂ or derivatives of a polyglycol of the form HO- [R ³ -O] _k - [R ⁴ -O] _m -H, can bifunk tional alcohol components are used.

At least difunctional aromatic, aliphatic or cycloaliphatic alcohols having a carbon number of C ₂ to C ₂₂ or a polyglycol of the form HO- [R ³ -O] _k - [R ⁴ -O] _m -H are particularly suitable for this purpose. The radicals R ³ and R ⁴ represent alkyl radicals having a carbon number of C ₂ to C ₂₂ , where both radicals may be identical or different. For the coefficients k and m, k + m ≧ 1 where k and m can furthermore be chosen so that the previously described average molecular weights of the main chain constituents used are obtained.

It may be of particular advantage, instead of using difunctional alcohol components, to use tri-, tetra- or generally polyfunctional alcohol components, for example advantageously selected from the following group:

As a basis for at least two terminal acyl-containing aromatic, alipha tables or cycloaliphatic Organyleinheiten having a carbon number of C ₂ to C ₂₂ , for example, organyl moieties of the scheme

For example, it is possible to use aromatic and linear or cyclic, saturated or unsaturated aliphatic carboxylic acids having a carbon number of C ₂ to C ₂₂ or its anhydrides, for example phthalic acid, isophthalic acid, naphthalene dicarboxylic acid, cyclohexanedicarboxylic acid, adipic acid, succinic acid, glutaric acid, pimelic acid, suberic acid, azelaic acid , Sebacic acid, brassylic acid. Combinations of several different acid components are possible as mono mereinheit in the claimed target molecule.

Suitable sulfone-containing monomers are sulfonated aromatic, aliphatic or cycloaliphatic dialcohols, diacids or their esters, such as sulfosuccinic acid, 5-sulfoisophthalic acid or its alkali metal or alkaline earth metal salts or mono-, di-, tri- or tetraalkylammonium salts with C ₁ to C ₂₂ alkyl radicals. Among the alkali salts, lithium and sodium salts are particularly preferred.

Also suitable are aromatic, aliphatic or cycloaliphatic amines having C ₁ to C ₂₂ alkyl or aryl radicals and / or aromatic, aliphatic or cycloaliphatic monocarboxylic acids having C ₁ to C ₂₀₀ alkyl or aryl radicals and / or polyalkoxy compounds of the formula -O- [R ⁷ -O] _q - [R ⁸ -O] _r -X, where the radicals R ⁷ and R ^{8 represent} alkyl radicals which may be identical or different, represent a carbon number of C ₂ to C ₂₂ and the radical X is both hydrogen and aliphatic nature with C ₁ -C ₂₂ and the coefficients q and r: q + r ≧ 1 are used.

Also suitable are sulfonated mono- or polyethylene glycols, or preferably alkali metal or alkaline earth metal salts: (H- (O-CH ₂ -CH _{2) s} -SO ₃ R ¹ where s ≧ 1, where s can also be chosen such that the pre-designated average molecular weights of the main chain components used.)

For the preparation of the polyesters according to the invention are those for the formation of the pages chain used alcohols and acids or esters advantageous in the molar ratio sen from 1: 1 to about 10: 1 (1 or 10 parts of di- or polyol) used and bil dende alcohol and water and the excess component after condensation removed by distillation. Alcohol and acid components are preferably present in the target molecule in the approximate stoichiometric ratio of 1: 1.  

The proportion of sulfonic acid-containing acid components is 1 to 99 mol .-%, preferably from 10 to 40, particularly preferably from 15 to 25, mol%, based on the total amount of carboxylic acids.

Very favorable performance properties have the sulfone group-containing Polyester of the general formula I, if 1,2-propanediol and / or as diol components Diethylene glycol and / or cyclohexanedimethanol, as carboxylic acids isophthalic also with, 1,3-Cyclohexandicarbonsäure or also with 2,6-Naphthalindicarbonsäure or also with adipic acid and as sulfo-containing radicals 5-sulfoisophthalic acid sodium salt, the sodium salt of isethionic acid can be used.

Suitable fluorine-containing compounds within the meaning of the invention are all suitable hydroxyl- or acid-group-bearing compounds which are among the polycondensates tion conditions are stable. Perfluorinated monoalcohols are included advantageous. Of these, the following types are used, for example: FLUOWET® EA 600 FLUOWET® EA 800 and FLUOWET® EA 612 N of the Company Clariant GmbH, Frankfurt.

The sulfone-containing polyesters to be used according to the invention are colorless to yellow clean, odorless solids. They are readily soluble in water and alcohols. You can NEN advantageous incorporated in cosmetic preparations for strengthening the hair who the.

The preparation of inventive comb polymers is advantageously carried out by one or a plurality of polyfunctional alcohols having a sulfonic acid group-containing, at least two substances containing carboxyl groups, for example 5-sulfoisophthalic acid dimethyl ester Na salt, optionally a further at least two carboxyl groups containing substance and a polymer with one or more polycarboxylic acids, For example, polyacrylic acid or polymethacrylic acid combined, heated and be subjected to the usual treatment steps.

In a particular embodiment of the present invention, the Invention according to water-soluble and / or water-dispersible comb polymers consisting of a polyacrylic acid-containing polymer main chain and sulfone group-containing  Polyester side arms therefore in cosmetic, especially hair cosmetic Zuberei incorporated.

In the cosmetic preparations according to the invention, together with the Therefore described comb polymers therefore one or more physiologically compatible anionic and / or amphoteric polymers used as a film former.

In an astonishing way, by choosing the conditions according to the invention, it is possible extremely advantageous product profiles are obtained, or product properties such. B. the Max. Strengthening stage, the curl retention, reducing the formation of re or the characteristics of the fortification.

In hair sprays, the use of synergistic effects can specifically target the Impairment due to high water contents reduced or to a minimum be lowered.

The film-forming nonionic polymers used according to the invention may be advantageous adherent from the group of the usual in the field of cosmetics, especially the hair cosmetics used raw materials, but also polymers for technical Applications, such as coating and binder.

Suitable nonionic polymers are, for example

• - Homopolymers of N-vinylpyrrolidone, which are offered as LUVISKOL®K types by the company BASF or PVP-K® types of the company ISP with various medium molar masses as a powder or in aqueous or aqueous / alcoholic solutions.
  Preference is given here to the type Luviskol K30.
• - Homopolymers of N-vinylcaprolactam, z. B. from the company BASF among the Trade name LUVISKOL® Plus.
• Homopolymers of N-vinylformamide.
• Copolymers of N-vinylpyrrolidone and vinyl acetate and / or vinyl propionate, which are available as LUVISKOL®VA grades from the company BASF or PVP / VA® grades from the company ISP in various concentration ratios as powders or in aqueous or aqueous / alcoholic solutions Tobe offered.
  The types LUVISKOL® VA 37E and VA 64 W are preferred here
• Terpolymers of N-vinylpyrrolidone, vinyl acetate and vinyl propionate, e.g. B. of the Company BASF under the trade names LUVISKOL®VAP 343.

Particular preference is given here to the nonionic polymers LUVISKOL® Plus and LUVISKOL® VA 64 W.

The cosmetic preparations according to the invention for strengthening the hair contain the comb polymers in concentrations between 0.5 and 20 wt .-% and the nonionic polymers in concentrations between 0.5 and 20 wt .-%, respectively based on the total formulation.

Preference is given here to a total polymer content of max. 20% by weight, bezo to the total formulation, which consists of the proportions of the sili invention Conmodified comb polymers and the anionic and / or amphoteric polymers composed.

For use, the cosmetic and dermatological according to the invention Preparations in the usual way for cosmetics on the hair in sufficient Quantity applied.

The cosmetic and dermatological preparations according to the invention can kos Contain metic excipients, such as those commonly used in such preparations be, for. Preservatives, bactericides, perfumes, preventing substances foaming, dyes, pigments which have a coloring effect, thickening medium, surface-active substances, emulsifiers, softening, moistening and / or moisturizing substances, fats, oils, waxes or other common stock parts of a cosmetic or dermatological formulation such as alcohols, polyols, Polymers, foam stabilizers, electrolytes, organic solvents or Siliconderi vate.  

In cosmetic preparations for strengthening the hair, such as. Hair sprays, hair paints, mousse, liquid, styling gels, etc., the present invention to be used comb polymers preferably in concentrations of 0.5 to 30 Ge percent by weight.

The compositions according to the invention for strengthening the hair can be described as Hair sprays or Schaumaerosole present and the usual and the state of the Technique corresponding additions contain, provided appropriate compatibility is present. These are, for example, further solvents such as lower polyalcohols and their toxicologically tolerated ethers and esters, plasticizers, light and heavy volatile silicones, volatile and low volatility branched or unbranched hydrocarbons aerosols, emulsifiers, antioxidants, waxes, stabilizers, pH regulators, Dyes, bodying agents, antistatic agents, UV absorbers, perfumes, etc.

If the composition of the invention as hair spray or foam aerosol ver used, so a blowing agent is usually added. Usual propellants are lower alkanes, for example propane, butane or isobutane, dimethyl ether, nitrogen, Nitrogen dioxide or carbon dioxide or mixtures of these substances.

When used in mechanical spray or foam devices, for example Spray pumps or manual foam pumps or squeeze systems, can Propellants usually omitted.

The aqueous preparations according to the invention may advantageously contain Al alcohols, diols or polyols of low C number, and their ethers, preferably ethanol, Isopropanol, propylene glycol, glycerol, ethylene glycol, ethylene glycol monoethyl or -mo nobutyl ether, propylene glycol monomethyl, monoethyl or monobutyl ether, Diethy glycol monomethyl or monoethyl ether and analogous products, furthermore lower alcohols Riger C number, z. As ethanol, isopropanol, 1,2-propanediol, glycerol and in particular a or a plurality of thickening agents, which or which can be selected advantageously from the group silicon dioxide, aluminum silicates, polysaccharides or their derivatives, z. As hyaluronic acid, xanthan gum, hydroxypropylmethylcellulose, particularly advantageous from the group of polyacrylates, preferably a polyacrylate from the group of soge named carbopols, for example carbopols of types 980, 981, 1382, 2984, 5984, each individually or in combination.  

In the technical sense are understood by gels: Relatively dimensionally stable, slightly ver Formable disperse systems of at least two components, which are usually made a - usually solid - colloid-divided substance from long-chain molecular groupings (eg. Gelatin, silicic acid, polysaccharides) as a scaffold former and a liquid dispersant (eg water). The colloidally divided substance is often used as thickening agent. or gelling agent. It forms a spatial network in the dispersant, where for single colloidal particles via electrostatic interaction others can be linked more or less firmly. The dispersant containing the Network is characterized by electrostatic affinity for gelling agent, d. H., a predominantly polar (in particular: hydrophilic) gelling agent preferably gels polar dispersant (especially: water), whereas a predominantly nonpola gelling agent preferably gelled non-polar dispersants.

Strong electrostatic interactions, for example in hydrogen bonds bonds between gelling agent and dispersing agent, but also between Disper can be implemented with each other molecules, too strong networking can also of the dispersant. Hydrogels can be almost 100% water (in addition to, for example, about 0.2-1.0% of a gelling agent) and quite solid con possess resistance. The water content is in ice-like structural elements, so that gels therefore their name origin [from Latin "gelatum" = "Frozen" on the alchi mistic expression "gelatina" (16th century) for nhdt. "Gelatin"] are quite fair.

Gels according to the invention usually contain lower C number alcohols, e.g. B. Etha nol, isopropanol, 1,2-propanediol, glycerol and water in the presence of a thickening agent by, in oily-alcoholic gels preferably silica or an aluminum umsilikat, in aqueous-alcoholic or alcoholic gels preferably a poly acrylate is.

In cosmetic and dermatological preparations according to the invention, for example For example, it can also be shampoo, preparations for Blow-drying or tinting, preparations for dyeing, to a hairdressing or Treatment lotion act.  

If appropriate, preparations according to the invention can advantageously be obtained by a Characterize content of surfactants. Surfactants are amphiphilic substances that are organic, unpo can dissolve substances in water. They care, conditioned by their specific Molecular structure with at least one hydrophilic and one hydrophobic moiety, for a reduction of the surface tension of the water, the wetting of the skin, the facilitation of soil removal and solution, a gentle rinse off and - ever as desired - for foam regulation.

The hydrophilic moieties of a surfactant molecule are mostly polar radio tional groups, for example -COO ^-, -OSO ₃ ^2- SO ₃ ^-, while the hydrophobic moieties are usually nonpolar hydrocarbon radicals. Surfactants are generally classified according to the nature and charge of the hydrophilic part of the molecule. Here four groups can be distinguished:

• - anionic surfactants,
• - cationic surfactants,
• Amphoteric surfactants and
• - nonionic surfactants.

Anionic surfactants generally have carboxylate, sulfate or sulfonate groups as functional groups. In aqueous solution they form negatively charged organic ions in an acidic or neutral medium. Cationic surfactants are almost exclusively characterized by the presence of a quaternary ammonium group. In aqueous solution, they form positively charged organic ions in the acidic or neutral medium. Amphoteric surfactants contain both anionic and cationic groups and behave accordingly in aqueous solution depending on the pH as anionic or cationic surfactants. They have a positive charge in a strongly acidic environment and a negative charge in an alkaline environment. In the neutral pH range, however, they are zwitterionic, as the following example is intended to illustrate:
RNH ₂ ⁺ CH ₂ CH ₂ COOH X ^- (at pH = 2) X ^- = any anion, e.g. B. Cl ^-
RNH ₂ ⁺ CH ₂ CH ₂ COO ^- (at pH = 7)
RNHCH ₂ CH ₂ COO ^- B ⁺ (at pH = 12) B ⁺ = any cation, eg. Na ⁺

Typical of non-ionic surfactants are polyether chains. Nonionic surfactants form in aqueous medium no ions.

A. Anionic surfactants

Advantageously used anionic surfactants are acylamino acids (and their salts), such as

• 1. acylglutamates, for example sodium acylglutamate, di-TEA-palmitoylaspartate and Sodium Caprylic / Capric Glutamate,
• 2. Acyl peptides, for example palmitoyl-hydrolyzed milk protein, sodium cocoyl hydrolyzed soy protein and sodium / potassium cocoyl hydrolyzed collagen,
• 3. sarcosinates, for example myristoyl sarcosine, TEA lauroyl sarcosinate, sodium lauroyl sarcosinate and sodium cocoyl sarcosinate,
• 4. taurates, for example sodium lauroyl taurate and sodium methyl cocoyl taurate,
• 5. Acyl lactylate, lauroyl lactylate, caproyl lactylate
• 6. alaninates

Carboxylic acids and derivatives, such as

• 1. Carboxylic acids, for example lauric acid, aluminum stearate, magnesium alkoxide and zinc undecylenate,
• 2. Ester carboxylic acids, for example, calcium stearoyl lactylate, laureth-6 citrate and Sodium PEG-4 lauramide carboxylate,
• 3. Ether carboxylic acids, for example sodium laureth-13 carboxylate and sodium PEG-6 cocamide carboxylate,

Phosphoric acid esters and salts such as DEA-oleth-10-phosphate and Dilaureth-4 phosphate,
Sulfonic acids and salts, such as

• Acyl isethionates, e.g. B. sodium / ammonium cocoyl isethionate,
• - alkylarylsulfonates,
• Alkyl sulphonates, for example sodium coconut monoglyceride sulphate, sodium C _12-14 olefin sulphonate, sodium lauryl sulphoacetate and magnesium PEG-3 cocamide sulphate,
• Sulfosuccinates, for example dioctyl sodium sulfosuccinate, disodium laureth sulfo succinate, disodium lauryl sulfosuccinate and disodium undecylenamido MEA sulfo succinate

and sulfuric acid esters, such as

• 1. alkyl ether sulfate, for example sodium, ammonium, magnesium, MIPA, TIPA laureth sulfate, sodium myreth sulfate and sodium C _12-13 pareth sulfate,
• 2. Alkyl sulfates, for example sodium, ammonium and TEA lauryl sulfate.

B. Cationic surfactants

Optionally, cationic surfactants to be used are advantageous

• 1. alkylamines,
• 2. Alkylimidazoles,
• 3. Ethoxylated amines and
• 4. Quaternary surfactants.
• 5. esterquats

Quaternary surfactants contain at least one N-atom containing 4 alkyl or aryl groups covalently linked. This results in a positive charge regardless of the pH. Advantageous are alkyl betaine, alkyl amidopropyl betaine and alkyl amidopropyl hydroxysulfine. The cationic surfactants used according to the invention may furthermore be preferred are selected from the group of quaternary ammonium compounds, in particular Benzyltrialkylammoniumchloride or bromides, such as Benzyldimethylstea rylammonium chloride, furthermore alkyltrialkylammonium salts, for example cetyltrimethylam ammonium chloride or bromide, alkyl dimethyl hydroxyethyl ammonium chloride or bromide mide, Dialkyldimethylammoniumchloride or bromides, Alkylamidethyltrimethylammoni umethersulfate, alkylpyridinium salts, for example lauryl or Cetylpyrimidiniumchlo chloride, imidazoline derivatives and cationic compounds such as amine oxides For example, alkyldimethylamine oxides or alkylaminoethyldimethylamine oxides. Advantageous In particular, cetyltrimethylammonium salts are to be used.

C. Amphoteric surfactants

Advantageously used amphoteric surfactants

• 1. acyl / dialkylethylenediamine, for example, sodium acylamphoacetate, disodium acyl amphodipropionate, disodium alkyl amphodiacetate, sodium acyl amphohydroxypropyl sulfonate, disodium acylamphodiacetate and sodium acylamphopropionate,
• 2. N-alkylamino acids, for example aminopropylalkylglutamide, alkylaminopropion acid, sodium alkylimidodipropionate and lauroamphocarboxyglycinate.

D. Nonionic surfactants

Advantageously used nonionic surfactants are

• 1. Alcohols,
• 2. alkanolamides, such as cocamide MEA / DEA / MIPA,
• 3. amine oxides, such as cocoamidopropylamine oxide,
• 4. Esters obtained by esterification of carboxylic acids with ethylene oxide, glycerol, sorbitan or other alcohols,
• 5. Ethers, for example ethoxylated / propoxylated alcohols, ethoxylated / propoxylated Esters, ethoxylated / propoxylated glycerol esters, ethoxylated / propoxylated alcohols rine, ethoxylated / propoxylated triglyceride esters, ethoxylated / propoxylated Lano lin, ethoxylated / propoxylated polysiloxanes, propoxylated POE ethers and alkylpoly glycosides such as lauryl glucoside, decyl glycoside and cocoglycoside.
• 6. sucrose ester, ether
• 7. Polyglycerol esters, diglycerol esters, monoglycerol esters
• 8. Methyl glucose esters, esters of hydroxy acids

It is also advantageous to use a combination of anionic and / or amphoteric surfactants with one or more non-ionic surfactants.

As a rule, in the context of the present invention, the use of anionic, amphoteric and / or nonionic surfactants over the use of cationic preferred surfactants.

The cosmetic and dermatological preparations contain active ingredients and auxiliary agents substances, such as those commonly used for this type of preparations for hair care and hair treatment are used. As auxiliaries are preservatives, surfaces active substances, substances for preventing foaming, thickening agents, Emulsifiers, fats, oils, waxes, organic solvents, bactericides, perfumes, color substances or pigments whose function is the hair or the cosmetic or the matological preparation itself to dye, electrolytes, substances against fats The Hair.

Electrolytes in the sense of the present invention are water-soluble alkali metals, am mono-, alkaline-earth (including magnesium) and zinc salts inorganic To understand anions and any mixtures of such salts, being guaranteed  must be that these salts by pharmaceutical or cosmetic Unbedenk distinguish it.

The anions according to the invention are preferably selected from the group of Chlo ride, the sulfates and hydrogen sulfates, the phosphates, hydrogen phosphates and linea ren and cyclic oligophosphates and the carbonates and bicarbonates.

Cosmetic preparations which are a shampooing agent are included preferably at least one anionic, nonionic or amphoteric surfactant Substance, or mixtures of such substances in an aqueous medium and Aids, as they are usually used for it. The surface-active sub punch or the mixtures of these substances can be in a concentration between 1 wt .-% and 50 wt .-% in the shampoo.

A cosmetic preparation in the form of a lotion that is not rinsed out, esp a lotion for inserting the hair, a lotion that ver the hair blown a hairdressing and conditioning lotion, generally provides an aqueous, alcoholic or aqueous-alcoholic solution and contains the inventive Comb polymers.

The compositions according to the invention optionally contain those in Kos metik usual additives, such as perfume, thickener, dyes, deodorant antimicrobials, lipid-replenishing agents, complexing and sequestration agents, pearlescent agents, plant extracts, vitamins, active substances and the like chen.

The following examples are intended to illustrate the present invention without it limit. All quantities, percentages and percentages are, if not otherwise indicated, on the weight and the total amount or on the total weight the preparations.  

(A) Production Examples Production Example 1

reactant Mass (g) isophthalic 265.81 5-Sulfoisophthalic acid methyl ester, Na salt 100.52 5-sulfoisophthalic acid, Li salt 22.92 Fluowet EA 600 6.92 Isethionic acid, Na salt 10.96 Polyacrylic acid (M _n = 2000 g / mol) 3.00 sodium 0.60 tetraisopropoxide 0.60 1,2-propanediol 195.40 diethylene glycol 166.95

method of preparation:
In a 2 l four-necked flask equipped with KPG stirrer, internal thermometer, gas inlet tube and distillation bridge 1,2-propanediol, diethylene glycol, 5-Sulfoiso phthalsäuremethylester Na salt, 5-sulfoisophthalic acid Li salt, Fluowet EA 600, sodium carbonate and titanium tetraisopropylate are presented , and transesterified at 180 ° C for 5 hours. The resulting methanol and water of reaction are distilled off at atmospheric pressure. Subsequently, the sodium salt of isethionic acid, isophthalic acid and polyacrylic acid are added to the reaction mixture, then thoroughly inertized with N ₂ . The reaction mixture is then slowly heated to 220 ° C and kept at this temperature until no further condensate distilled over. In a period of three hours then, starting from Nor maldruck starting, the internal pressure of the reaction vessel is lowered to oil pump vacuum. After a further 60 minutes, aerated with N ₂ and the hot polymer melt discharged.

Production Example 2

reactant Mole (mmol) 1,3-cyclohexane 132.80 dimethyl terephthalate 95.12 5-Sulfoisophthalic acid methyl ester, Na salt 75.20 Fluowet EA 612-N 6.92 5-sulfoisophthalic acid, Li salt 75.20 Polyacrylic acid (M _n = 5000 g / mol) 7.00 sodium 0.60 tetraisopropoxide 0.80 1,2-propanediol 195.40 diethylene glycol 166.95

method of preparation:
In a 2 l four-necked flask equipped with KPG stirrer, internal thermometer, gas inlet tube and distillation bridge are 1,2-propanediol, diethylene glycol, 5-Sulfoiso phthalsäuremethylester Na salt, 5-sulfoisophthalic acid-Li salt, Fluowet EA 612-N, sodium carbonate and Submitted Titantetraisopropylat, and transesterified at 180 ° C for 5 hours. The resulting methanol and water of reaction are distilled off at atmospheric pressure. Subsequently, the sodium salt of isethionic acid, 1,3-cyclohexanedicarboxylic acid and polyacrylic acid are added to the reaction mixture, afterwards inlaid well with N ₂ . The reaction mixture is then slowly heated to 220 ° C and kept at this temperature until no further condensate distilled over. In a period of three hours then starting from normal pressure, the internal pressure of the reaction vessel is lowered to oil pump vacuum. After a further 60 minutes, it is aerated with N ₂ and the hot polymer melt is discharged.

Production Example 3

reactant Mass (g) 2,6-naphthalene 172.95 5-Sulfoisophthalic acid methyl ester, Na salt 55.52 5-sulfoisophthalic acid, Li salt 97.13 Fluowet EA 800 6.92 isophthalic 55,00 Poly [acrylic acid-co-methacrylic acid methyl ester M _n = 5000 g / mol) 3.00 sodium 0.60 tetraisopropoxide 0.60 1,2-propanediol 188.40 diethylene glycol 155.12

method of preparation:
In a 2 l four-necked flask with KPG stirrer, internal thermometer, gas inlet tube and distillation bridge 1,2-propanediol, diethylene glycol, Fluowet EA 800, 5-Sulfoisophthalsäuremethylester sodium salt, 5-sulfoisophthalic acid-Li, sodium triumcarbonat and titanium tetraisopropylate submitted , and transesterified at 180 ° C for 5 hours. The resulting methanol and water of reaction are distilled off at atmospheric pressure. Subsequently, 2,6-naphthalenedicarboxylic acid, isophthalic acid and poly [acrylic acid-co-methacrylic acid methyl ester are added to the reaction mixture, then thoroughly inertized with N ₂ . The reaction mixture is then slowly heated to 220 ° C and kept at this temperature until no further condensate distilled over. In a period of three hours then starting from normal pressure, the internal pressure of the reaction vessel is lowered to oil pump vacuum. After a further 75 minutes, it is aerated with N ₂ and the hot polymer melt is discharged.

Production Example 4

reactant Mole (mmol) adipic acid 172.95 5-Sulfoisophthalic acid methyl ester, Na salt 55.52 5-sulfoisophthalic acid, Li salt 97.13 Fluowet EA 600 3.46 Fluowet EA 800 3.46 isophthalic 55,00 Polyacrylic acid (M _n = 5000 g / mol) 3.00 sodium 0.60 tetraisopropoxide 0.60 diethylene glycol 400.00

method of preparation:
In a 2 l four-necked flask with KPG stirrer, internal thermometer, gas inlet tube and distillation bridge are diethylene glycol, 5-Sulfoisophthalsäuremethyl ester Na salt, 5-sulfoisophthalic acid-Li salt, sodium carbonate, Fluowet EA 600, Fluowet EA 800, titanium tetraisopropylate, isophthalic acid, Polyacrylic acid and adipic presented, and slowly heated to 200 ° C. The resulting methanol and water of reaction are distilled off at atmospheric pressure. The mixture is then sufficiently inertized with N ₂ and the reaction mixture is slowly heated to 250 ° C and kept at this temperature until no more distilled over. In a period of three hours then starting from normal pressure, the internal pressure of the reaction vessel is lowered abge on oil pump vacuum. After another 75 minutes, aerated with N ₂ and the hot polymer melt discharged.

Production Example 5

reactant Mole (mmol) 1,4-cyclohexanedicarboxylic acid 172.95 5-Sulfoisophthalic acid methyl ester, Na salt 55.52 5-sulfoisophthalic acid, Li salt 97.13 Fluowet EA 600 3.46 Fluowet EA 612-N 3.46 isophthalic 55,00 Polyacrylic acid (M _n = 5000 g / mol) 3.00 cyclohexanedimethanol 150.12 sodium 0.60 tetraisopropoxide 0.60 diethylene glycol 400.00

method of preparation:
In a 2 l four-necked flask equipped with KPG stirrer, internal thermometer, gas inlet tube and distillation bridge are cyclohexanedimethanol, diethylene glycol, 5-Sulfoisophthalsäuremethylester Na salt, Fluowet EA 600, Fluowet EA 612-N, 5-sulfoisophthalic acid Li salt, sodium carbonate, titanium tetraisopropylate , Isophthalic acid, polyacrylic acid and 1,4-cyclohexanedicarboxylic acid, and slowly heated to 200 ° C. The resulting methanol and water of reaction are distilled off at atmospheric pressure. Subsequently, sufficient with N ₂ inerti Siert and the reaction mixture slowly heated to 250 ° C and kept at this temperature until no more distillate distilled. In a period of three hours then, starting from normal pressure, the internal pressure of the reaction vessel is lowered to oil pump vacuum. After a further 75 minutes, it is aerated with N ₂ and the hot polymer melt is discharged.

Production Example 6

reactant Mass (g) pentaerythritol 7.20 5-Sulfoisophthalic acid methyl ester, Na salt 15.02 5-sulfoisophthalic acid, Li salt 140.21 isophthalic 55,00 Fluowet EA 600 3.46 Fluowet EA 612-N 3.46 Isethionic acid, Li salt 25,98 Polyacrylic acid (M _n = 12 000 g / mol) 3.00 sodium 0.60 tetraisopropoxide 0.60 1,4-cyclohexanedimethanol 144.21 diethylene glycol 400.00

method of preparation:
In a 2 l four-necked flask equipped with KPG stirrer, internal thermometer, gas inlet tube and distillation bridge are diethylene glycol, Fluowet EA 600, Fluowet EA 612-N, 5-Sulfoisophthalsäuremethylester-Na salt, 5-sulfoisophthalic acid-Li salt, sodium carbonate, titanium tetraisopropylate, isophthalic acid , and submitted to pentaerythritol, and slowly heated to 200 ° C. The resulting methanol and Reakti onswasser are distilled off at atmospheric pressure. Thereafter, the polyacrylic acid and the isethionic acid-Li salt are added to the reaction mixture. Subsequently ßend is sufficiently inertized with N ₂ and the reaction mixture slowly heated to 250 ° C and kept at this temperature until no more distilled over. In a period of three hours then, starting from normal pressure, the internal pressure of the reaction vessel on oil pump vacuum is lowered. After another 75 minutes, aerated with N ₂ and the hot polymer melt discharged.

(B) Recipe Examples:

hairsprays

Examples 1-15

mousse

Examples 16-17

styling gels

Examples 18-21

Claims (6)

1. Combinations

• a) water-soluble and / or water-dispersible comb polymers consisting of a polymer main chain and ester groups with this polymer main chain linked sulfonic polyester side arms, which were at least partially neutralized by sodium and lithium counterions, wherein the molar ratio of lithium to lithium ratio between 0.1 and 50, preferably between 0.5 and 25, at least portions of these polyester side arms having fluorinated or perfluorinated carbon atoms,

and

• a) one or more substances selected from the group of physiologically compatible nonionic polymers ver.

2. Hair cosmetic preparations containing an effective amount of combinations

• a) water-soluble and / or water-dispersible comb polymers consisting of a polymer main chain and ester groups with this polymer main chain linked sulfonic polyester side arms, which were at least partially neutralized by sodium and lithium counterions, wherein the molar ratio of lithium to lithium ratio between 0.1 and 50, preferably between 0.5 and 25, at least portions of these polyester side arms having fluorinated or perfluorinated carbon atoms,

and

• a) one or more substances selected from the group of physiologically compatible nonionic polymers ver.

3. Combinations according to claim 1 or preparations according to claim 2, characterized in that the polymeric main chain of the comb polymers is selected from the group of polymeric aliphatic, cycloaliphatic or aromatic, where appropriate fluorinated or perfluorinated polycarboxylic acids or derivatives thereof such as in example polyacrylic acid, Polymethacrylic acid and its esters (esters of the two acids ren with aliphatic, cycloaliphatic or aromatic alcohols with C ₁ to C ₂₂ ), maleic acid, maleic anhydride, fumaric acid and polynorborneneic acid. 4. Combinations according to claim 1 or preparations according to claim 2, characterized in that the one or more comb polymers are selected from the group of polyesters of the following generic structural formulas
at p and o are chosen so that the average molecular weights of the main chain constituents used are between 200 and 2,000,000 g / mol, the range of 2000-100,000 g / mol preferably being used, the polyester side chains according to formula I-III advantageous consist of:
G: an aromatic, aliphatic or cycloaliphatic organyl units containing at least two terminal oxygen atoms and having a carbon number of C ₂ to C ₂₂ or derivatives of a polyglycol of the formula HO- [R ³ -O] _k - [R ⁴ -O] _m -H, according to an organyl unit
The radicals R ³ and R ⁴ represent alkylene radicals having a carbon number of C ₂ -C ₂₂ , where both radicals do not necessarily have to be different. Fluorinated or perfluorinated alkylene radicals are also within the meaning of the invention.
For the coefficients k and m, k + m ≧ 1 where k and m can furthermore be chosen so that the previously described average molecular weights of the main chain constituents used are obtained.
D: an at least two terminal acyl-containing aromatic, ali phatic or cycloaliphatic organyl moiety having a carbon number of C ₂ to C ₂₂ , wherein also combinations of several different acid components can be contained in the claimed target molecule, for example an organyl moiety of the scheme
where R ^{s can represent} aromatic and linear or cyclic, saturated or unsaturated aliphatic bifunctional radicals having carbon numbers of C ₂ to C ₂₂ . Fluorinated or perfluorinated acyl radicals are also within the meaning of the invention
or a terminal acyl group and a terminal oxo group containing aromatic, aliphatic or cycloaliphatic organyleinheit having a Koh lenstoffzahl from C ₂ to C ₂₂ , whereby combinations of several different NEN acid components may be included in the claimed target molecule, for example, an organyl moiety of the scheme
where R ^{S 'can represent} aromatic and linear or cyclic, saturated or unsaturated aliphatic bifunctional radicals having carbon numbers of C ₂ to C ₂₂ . Fluorinated or perfluorinated acyl radicals are also within the meaning of the invention.
T: a compound from the group of at least two terminal acyl-containing sulfonated aromatic, aliphatic or cycloaliphatic Or ganylverbindungen.
R ¹ : lithium and / or sodium in addition to optionally further counterions, for. B., potassium, magnesium, calcium, ammonium, monoalkylammonium, dialkylammonium, trialkylammonium or tetraalkylammonium, wherein the alkyl positions of the amines are independently occupied by C ₁ to C ₂₂ alkyl radicals and 0 to 3 hydroxyl groups.
R2: a residue selected from the groups of

• aromatic, aliphatic or cycloaliphatic amino functions: (-NH-R ⁵ , NR ⁵ ₂ where R ^{5 may be} an alkyl or aryl radical with C ₁ to C ₂₂ )
• aromatic, aliphatic or cycloaliphatic monocarboxylic acid groups: (-COOR ⁶ where R ^{6 represents} an alkyl or aryl radical with C ₁ to C ₂₀₀ )
• - via ether functions bridged aromatic, aliphatic or cycloaliphatic rule organyl radicals: (-OR ⁵ )
• - Via ether functions bridging polyalkoxy compounds of the form
  -O- [R ⁷ -O] _q - [R ⁸ -O] _r -Y
  The radicals R ⁷ and R ⁸ are advantageously alkylene radicals having a carbon number of C ₂ -C ₂₂ , where both radicals do not necessarily have to be different. The radical Y can be both hydrogen and aliphatic nature with 01-C ₂₂ . For the coefficients q and r: q + r ≧ 1.
• - Via ether functions bridging singly or multiply ethoxylated sulfo-ned organyl or preferably their alkali metal or alkaline earth metal salts, as for example advantageously characterized by the generic structural formula
  - (O-CH ₂ -CH ₂ ) _s -SO ₃ R ¹
  with s ≧ 1, and where s can also be chosen so that the previously designated mean molecular weights of the main chain components used come about.
• Perfluorinated aliphatic compounds of the type:
  -Y OH _{2 rr} CF _{2 ss} CF ₃
  where the coefficients rr and ss meet the following requirements: rr ≧ 0 and ss ≧ 1.

5. Combinations according to claim 1 or preparations according to claim 2, characterized ge indicates that the average molecular weights of the comb polymers are advantageous between 200 and 2,000,000 g / mol, particularly advantageously between 200 and 100,000 g / mol are preferably the range of 1000-30 000 g / mol Verwen especially advantageous from 5000-15 000 glmol. 6. Combinations according to claim 1 or preparations according to claim 2, characterized in that the one or more nonionic polymers are selected from the Grup pe of

• - Homopolymers of N-vinylpyrrolidone
• Homopolymers of N-vinylcaprolactam,
• Homopolymers of N-vinylformamide
• Copolymers of N-vinylpyrrolidone and vinyl acetate and / or vinyl propionate,
• - Terpolymers of N-vinylpyrrolidone, vinyl acetate and vinyl propionate.