DE19857887B4 - Anchoring support for a heart valve prosthesis - Google Patents

Anchoring support for a heart valve prosthesis Download PDF

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Publication number
DE19857887B4
DE19857887B4 DE1998157887 DE19857887A DE19857887B4 DE 19857887 B4 DE19857887 B4 DE 19857887B4 DE 1998157887 DE1998157887 DE 1998157887 DE 19857887 A DE19857887 A DE 19857887A DE 19857887 B4 DE19857887 B4 DE 19857887B4
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Prior art keywords
anchoring
heart valve
valve prosthesis
anchoring support
support
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DE1998157887
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DE19857887A1 (en
Inventor
Carsten Dipl.-Ing. Weber
Christoph Dipl.-Ing. Damm
Hans-Reiner Prof. Dr.med. Figulla
Markus Dr.med. Dr.disc.pol. Ferrari
Klaus Dr.med. Lang
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Jenavalve Technology Inc
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Fraunhofer Gesellschaft zur Forderung der Angewandten Forschung eV
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    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61FFILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F2/00Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
    • A61F2/02Prostheses implantable into the body
    • A61F2/24Heart valves ; Vascular valves, e.g. venous valves; Heart implants, e.g. passive devices for improving the function of the native valve or the heart muscle; Transmyocardial revascularisation [TMR] devices; Valves implantable in the body
    • A61F2/2412Heart valves ; Vascular valves, e.g. venous valves; Heart implants, e.g. passive devices for improving the function of the native valve or the heart muscle; Transmyocardial revascularisation [TMR] devices; Valves implantable in the body with soft flexible valve members, e.g. tissue valves shaped like natural valves
    • A61F2/2418Scaffolds therefor, e.g. support stents
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61FFILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F2230/00Geometry of prostheses classified in groups A61F2/00 - A61F2/26 or A61F2/82 or A61F9/00 or A61F11/00 or subgroups thereof
    • A61F2230/0002Two-dimensional shapes, e.g. cross-sections
    • A61F2230/0028Shapes in the form of latin or greek characters
    • A61F2230/0054V-shaped

Abstract

Verankerungsstütze für eine Herzklappenprothese, die aus einem, bei einer vorgebbaren Temperatur eine vorbestimmte Form einnehmenden Formgedächtnismetall besteht und die als ein einteiliger Körper, der aus stabförmigen Elementen (1, 2, 3, 4, 5), die zumindest teilweise eine Gitterstruktur darstellen, gebildet ist, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die stabförmigen Elemente (4) sägezahnförmig aneinandergereiht sind und mindestens einen Stützring (6) bilden, der als Vieleck mit mindestens acht Ecken ausgebildet ist.Anchoring support for a heart valve prosthesis, from a, at a predetermined temperature a predetermined Shape engaging shape memory metal exists and as a one-piece body consisting of rod-shaped elements (1, 2, 3, 4, 5) which at least partially represent a lattice structure, is formed, characterized in that the rod-shaped elements (4) lined up like a sawtooth are and at least one support ring (6) formed as a polygon with at least eight corners is.

Figure 00000001
Figure 00000001

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft eine Verankerungsstütze (Stent) für eine Herzklappenprothese, bei der ein Formgedächtnismetall, auch Memory-Metall genannt, verwendet wird, um eine Herzklappenprothese zu implantieren, ohne einen größeren operativen Eingriff, mit vollständiger Öffnung des Thorax durchführen zu müssen.The The invention relates to an anchoring support (stent) for a heart valve prosthesis, in which a shape memory metal, also called memory metal, is used to make a heart valve prosthesis to implant without major surgery, with complete opening of the Perform thorax to have to.

So ist es neben anderem, beispielsweise aus der DE 195 46 692 A1 bekannt, eine selbstexpandierende Herzklappenprothese mit einer Verankerungsstütze über ein Herzkathetersystem ohne Öffnung des Brustkorbes über die in der Leistengegend eines Menschens geöffnete Aorta einzuführen und bei Erreichen des gewünschten Ortes, in der Nähe des Herzens, vorzugsweise im Bereich der ursprünglichen Herzklappe zu positionieren und diese dort durch eine Selbstexpansion fest zu installieren.So it is, among other things, for example, from the DE 195 46 692 A1 It is known to introduce a self-expanding prosthetic heart valve with an anchorage support via a cardiac catheterization system without opening the thorax on the opened in the groin of a human aorta and position on reaching the desired location, near the heart, preferably in the region of the original heart valve and this through there to permanently install a self-expansion.

Es hat sich jedoch gezeigt, daß das dort angedeutete Lösungsprinzip bisher nicht praktikabel umgesetzt werden konnte. Es konnte bisher kein Weg aufgezeigt werden, mit dem eine Verankerungsstütze für eine Herzklappenprothese einmal in einem Zustand so klein zusammengefaltet werden konnte, daß sie gemeinsam mit einem Katheter durch die Aorta und hier insbesondere durch den Aortenbogen zum Herzen geführt werden konnte. Eine solche Verankerungsstütze muß aber zusätzlich in der Lage sein, in einem zweiten Zustand eine Größe und Form zu erreichen, mit der gesichert ist, daß die Herzklappenfunktion über einen ausreichend langen Zeitraum wieder gesichert werden kann.It However, it has been shown that the there indicated solution principle previously not practicable implemented. It has been so far no way can be demonstrated with which an anchoring support for a heart valve prosthesis once in a state so small could be folded together that they are common with a catheter through the aorta and especially through the Aortic arch led to the heart could be. However, such an anchoring support must also be able to a size and shape to a second state with which it is ensured that the heart valve function over a sufficiently long period can be secured again.

Als ebenfalls nicht praktikabel hat sich der DE 43 16 971 A1 entnehmbare Vorschlag erwiesen. Dort soll ein Memory-Material verwendet werden, das am Einsatzort auf rollbar bzw. aufweitbar sein soll. Der dort als Herzklappen-Verankerungsring bezeichnete Träger für eine künstliche Herzklappe soll im zusammengerollten Zustand, wie bereits erwähnt, mittels eines Katheters zum Herzen geführt und dort bei Erwärmung infolge der Aufwicklung des Verankerungsringes sich an die Aorteninnenwandung anlegen, wobei für die Verankerung zusätzlich Verankerungsmittel am Verankerungsring nach außen ragend, vorhanden sind.As also not practicable has the DE 43 16 971 A1 removable proposal proved. There, a memory material is to be used, which should be rollable or expandable at the site. The designated there as a heart valve anchor ring support for an artificial heart valve in the rolled state, as already mentioned, guided by means of a catheter to the heart and there invest in warming due to the winding of the anchoring ring to the aortic inner wall, with additional anchorage to the anchoring ring for anchoring outwardly, are present.

Auch diese Lösung konnte bisher nicht praktikabel umgesetzt werden, da der spiralförmig aufgewickelte Körper in seinem Durchmesser immer noch zu groß ist, um durch eine Aorta problemlos zum Herzen geführt werden zu können. Außerdem muß eine entsprechende Einrichtung, wenn Sie in der Nähe des Herzens planiert werden soll, äußerst exakt positioniert werden, da die Öffnungen der Herzkranzgefäße in keiner Weise verschlossen werden dürfen.Also this solution could not be implemented so far practicable, since the spirally wound up body in its diameter is still too large to pass through an aorta easily led to the heart to be able to. Furthermore must have a corresponding Furnishings if you are near the Heart should be leveled, extremely accurate be positioned because the openings the coronary vessels in none May be closed manner.

Problematisch dürfte sich zusätzlich auch die dort vorgeschlagene Lösung bezüglich der Erhöhung einer Thrombosegefahr erweisen.Problematic might in addition also the solution proposed there in terms of the increase of one Danger of thrombosis.

Auch die Verwendung von Ballonkathetern, für die hier bezweckte Applikation, hat bisher keine befriedigenden Ergebnisse gezeigt und so konnte auch das in WO 91/17720 A1 beschriebene System in der Praxis noch nicht eingesetzt werden. Dabei wird ein aus mehreren Metalldrähten zusammengesetztes und gebogenes Element verwendet, an dem eine Herzklappenprothese befestigt werden kann und das mit dem an dem Katheter vorhanden Ballon mechanisch aufgespannt wird. Die hierfür erforderliche Größe genügt jedoch den tatsächlich zur Verfügung stehenden räumlichen Verhältnissen in der Aorta nicht, und so ist es auch bisher nicht gelungen, einen entsprechenden operativen Eingriff mit Erfolg durchführen zu können.Also the use of balloon catheters, for the intended application, so far has not shown satisfactory results and so could the system described in WO 91/17720 A1 not yet in practice be used. It is a composed of several metal wires and uses curved element on which a heart valve prosthesis can be attached and that with the present on the catheter Balloon is mechanically clamped. However, the size required for this is sufficient actually to disposal standing spatial conditions in the aorta not, and so it has not been successful, one perform appropriate surgical intervention with success can.

Daneben ist in DE 195 32 846 A1 eine dort sogenannte Ventileinrichtung beschrieben, die insbesondere als Ersatz für eine Herzklappe verwendet werden kann. Bei dieser Lösung werden Spann- und Spreizbügel verwendet, an denen ein Segel, das die Funktion einer Herzklappenprothese übernehmen soll, taschenartig angenäht ist.Next to it is in DE 195 32 846 A1 a so-called valve device described there, which can be used in particular as a replacement for a heart valve. In this solution, tensioning and expanding brackets are used, on which a sail, which is to take over the function of a heart valve prosthesis, is sewn like a bag.

Ein sogenannter "Stent", der für die Aufweitung von einfachen Blutgefäßen verwendet werden kann, ist in US 5,540,712 beschrieben. Dieser "Stent" wird durch eine drahtförmige Gitterstruktur, die aus einem Formgedächtnismetall besteht, gebildet, wobei nach Einführung dieses "Stents" und entsprechende Temperierung das Formgedächtnismetall eine Aufweitung dieses "Stents" bewirkt, so dass er an der Gefäßinnenwand anliegt. Für eine verbesserte Fixierung im Blutgefäß wird vorgeschlagen, Widerhaken auszubilden, die sich in der Gefäßwand verhaken oder eine Anpassung, durch entsprechende Einprägung unterschiedlicher Durchmesser an unterschiedliche Blutgefäßinnendurchmesser den Halt verbessern soll.A so-called "stent", which can be used for the dilation of simple blood vessels, is in US 5,540,712 described. This "stent" is formed by a wire-shaped lattice structure, which consists of a shape memory metal, wherein after introduction of this "stent" and appropriate temperature, the shape memory metal causes a widening of this "stent", so that it rests against the vessel inner wall. For an improved fixation in the blood vessel, it is proposed to form barbs which become entangled in the vessel wall or which are intended to improve the fit by correspondingly impressing different diameters on different blood vessel inner diameters.

Es ist daher Aufgabe der Erfindung, eine Verankerungsstütze für eine Herzklappenprothese zur Verfügung zu stellen, die einfach herstellbar ist und mit der man in die Lage versetzt wird, diese gemeinsam mit einer Herzklappenprothese durch die Aorta bis in die unmittelbare Nähe des Herzens zu führen und dort mit Erfolg zu implantieren.It is therefore an object of the invention, an anchoring support for a heart valve prosthesis to disposal To put, which is easy to produce and with which you in the location is offset, this together with a heart valve prosthesis through to guide the aorta to the immediate vicinity of the heart and implant there with success.

Erfindungsgemäß wird diese Aufgabe mit den Merkmalen des Patentanspruchs 1 für die Verankerungsstütze gelöst. Vorteilhafte Ausgestaltungsformen und Weiterbildungen der Erfindung ergeben sich durch die in den untergeordneten Ansprüchen genannten Merkmale.According to the invention this object is achieved with the features of claim 1 for the anchoring support. Advantageous embodiments and developments of the invention will become apparent by the features mentioned in the subordinate claims.

Dabei geht die erfindungsgemäße Lösung von dem bekannten Gedanken, der Verwendung eines Memory-Materials aus und es wird demzufolge vorgeschlagen, eine Verankerungsstütze aus einem Formgedächtnismetall zu verwenden, das in der Lage ist, bei Erreichen einer bestimmten vorgebbaren Sprungtemperatur eine eingeprägte Form und Größe einzunehmen, die einen sicheren Halt, Dichtheit der Herzklappenprothese, geringe Thrombosegefahr und die Beachtung der Freihaltung der Herzkranzgefäßöffnungen ermöglicht. Die erfindungsgemäße Verankerungsstütze für eine Herzklappenprothese ist daher als einteiliger Körper ausgebildet, der aus einzelnen stabförmigen Elementen gebildet ist, die zumindest teilweise eine Gitterstruktur darstellen.there goes the solution of the invention of the well-known idea of using a memory material and it is therefore proposed, an anchoring support a shape memory metal to use that is capable of achieving a certain predeterminable critical temperature take an impressed shape and size, a secure fit, tightness of the heart valve prosthesis, low Risk of thrombosis and observance of the freedom of the coronary vessel openings allows. The anchoring support according to the invention for a heart valve prosthesis is therefore as a one-piece body formed, which is formed of individual rod-shaped elements, the at least partially represent a lattice structure.

Dabei wird die Dicke der stabförmigen Elemente so klein, wie möglich gewählt, um einmal eine ausreichende Festigkeit und Stabilität zu sichern und zum anderen jedoch die Thrombosegefahr entsprechend klein zu halten. Demzufolge liegt die Stärke der stabförmigen Elemente im Bereich zwischen 0,3 bis maximal 1 mm.there becomes the thickness of the rod-shaped Elements as small as possible selected once to ensure sufficient strength and stability and on the other hand, the risk of thrombosis correspondingly small too hold. Consequently, the strength of the rod-shaped Elements in the range between 0.3 to a maximum of 1 mm.

Dadurch kann gesichert werden, daß der aus einem Halbzeug, das aus einem Formgedächtnismetall besteht, hergestellte Körper zum anderen sehr klein zusammengedrückt bzw. gefaltet werden kann und der bei der Positionierung des zusammengedrückten bzw. zusammengefalteten Körpers durch die Aorta nicht zu überschreitende freie Querschnitt von ca. 7 mm mit Sicherheit eingehalten werden kann.Thereby can be assured that the from a semifinished product consisting of a shape memory metal body on the other hand can be very small compressed or folded and in the positioning of the compressed or folded body not to be crossed by the aorta free cross-section of about 7 mm can be safely met.

Erfindungsgemäß wird die Verankerungsstütze aus einem aus einem Formgedächtnismetall bestehenden Halbzeug hergestellt, in dem die eigentliche Struktur mit den stabförmigen Elementen ausgeschnitten bzw. ausgestanzt wird. Beim Ausschneiden hat sich besonders vorteilhaft ein Laserschneidverfahren herausgestellt, mit dem man in die Lage versetzt ist, sehr genau und exakt die gewünschten Strukturen in den relativ kleinen Wandstärken auszubilden.According to the invention anchor post from a shape memory metal Semi-finished manufactured in which the actual structure with the rod-shaped elements cut out or punched out. When cutting has become particularly advantageous a laser cutting process that puts you in the position is offset, very accurately and exactly the desired structures in the relative small wall thicknesses train.

Nachdem die gewünschte Struktur ausgebildet ist, wird die Verankerungsstütze in die gewünschte Form und Größe für den implantierten Zustand gebracht und gleichzeitig bei einer Wärmebehandlung, unter Berücksichtigung der einzustellenden Sprungtemperatur, die vorteilhaft im Bereich von ca. 37 °C liegen sollte, eingeprägt.After this the desired Structure is formed, the anchorage post is in the desired Shape and size for the implanted Condition brought and at the same time during a heat treatment, taking into account the temperature to be set, which is advantageous in the area of about 37 ° C lie should, imprinted.

Als Halbzeug kann ein entsprechend ausgebildetes plattenförmiges Element, bevorzugt aber ein rohrförmiges Halbzeug verwendet werden. Für den Fall, daß ein plattenförmiges Element verwendet wird, muß dieses für das Einprägen der gewünschten Form und Größe nicht nur aufgeweitet, sondern auch entsprechend, zumindest annähernd in eine kreisrunde Form gebogen werden.When Semifinished may be a correspondingly formed plate-shaped element, but preferably a tubular Semi-finished products are used. For the case that one disc-shaped Element is used, this must for the inculcate the desired shape and size not only expanded, but also accordingly, at least approximately in to be bent into a circular shape.

Nach dem Einprägen der Form und Größe der erfindungsgemäßen Verankerungsstütze kann an ihr die Herzklappenprothese befestigt werden. Die Herzklappenprothese kann von außen von einer Seite auf die Verankerungsstütze übergestülpt und gegebenenfalls zusätzlich angenäht werden, wobei dieser Teil der Verankerungsstütze so geformt und dimensioniert ist, daß die Kommissuren einer biologischen Herzklappenprothese, die z.B. von einem Schweineherz entnommen sein kann und in präparierter Form zur Verfügung gestellt wird, berücksichtigt wird. Eine solche Herzklappenprothese kann aber auch durch die Verankerungsstütze geführt sein und von innen an der entsprechend ausgebildeten Gitterstruktur oder bogenförmigen Elementes befestigt werden. In ähnlicher Weise kann aber auch eine künstliche Herzklappenprothese aus hierfür geeigneten Materialien eingesetzt werden.To the impressing the shape and size of the anchoring support according to the invention can her heart valve prosthesis attached. The heart valve prosthesis can from the outside slipped over from one side onto the anchoring support and optionally additionally sewn on, this part of the anchoring support being shaped and dimensioned is that the Commissures of a biological heart valve prosthesis, e.g. from can be taken from a pig heart and provided in a prepared form is taken into account becomes. But such a prosthetic heart valve can also be guided by the anchoring support and from the inside of the appropriately formed grid structure or arcuate Elementes are attached. In similar But it can also be an artificial one Heart valve prosthesis from this suitable materials are used.

Als Formgedächtnismetall kann eine Nickel-Titanlegierung, die z.B. unter der Bezeichnung "Nitinol" kommerziell erhältlich ist, verwendet werden. Nach der Ausbildung der Struktur und dem Einprägen der gewünschten Form und Größe im implantierten Zustand, kann die Verankerungsstütze mittels bekannter Oberflächenbehandlungsverfahren, wie z.B. dem Elektropolieren an ihrer Oberfläche veredelt und geglättet werden, so daß auch hierdurch der Thrombosegefahr entgegengewirkt werden kann.When Shape memory metal For example, a nickel-titanium alloy, e.g. commercially available under the name "Nitinol", be used. After the formation of the structure and memorizing the desired Shape and size in the implanted Condition, can be the anchorage post by means of known surface treatment methods, such as. be polished and smoothed on the surface of the electropolishing, so that too As a result, the risk of thrombosis can be counteracted.

Bei der erfindungsgemäßen Verankerungsstütze wird eine Gitterstruktur ausgebildet, bei der stabförmige Elemente zum Teil mäanderförmig ausgebildet sind und in ihrer Ausrichtung mindestens einen Stützring bilden, der sich als solcher im implantierten Zustand an der Aorteninnenwandung anlegen kann. An dem einen aber auch an mehreren solcher mit den stabförmigen Elementen gebildeten Stützringen können Verankerungshaken ausgebildet sein, die ebenfalls aus dem verwendeten Formgedächtnismetall bestehen. Diesen Verankerungshaken wird beim Einprägen jedoch eine radial nach außen aufgerichtete Stellung eingestellt, so daß sie sich im implantierten Zustand in der Aorteninnenwandung verhaken und die Verankerungsstütze entsprechend sicher gehalten werden kann und die Verhakung zusätzlich zur Spannkraft der expandierten Veranke rungsstütze wirken kann.at the anchoring support according to the invention is formed a grid structure formed in the rod-shaped elements partly meandering are and form in their orientation at least one support ring, as such in the implanted state on the aortic inner wall can create. On the one but also on several such with the rod-shaped Elements formed supporting rings can Anchoring hook be formed, which also from the used Shape memory metal consist. However, this anchoring hook is when impressing a radially outward set upright position so that they are implanted in the Hook the condition in the inner wall of the aorta and adjust the anchoring support accordingly can be safely held and the entanglement in addition to Clamping force of the expanded anchorage support can act.

Vorteilhaft ist es, wenn den Verankerungshaken verschiedene Aufrichtrichtungen eingeprägt werden, die jeweils in entgegengesetzten Richtungen in bezug zur Längsachse der Verankerungsstütze in einem Winkel ungleich 90° liegen, so daß eine sichere Verankerung in beiden möglichen Bewegungsrichtungen einer Verankerungsstütze erreicht werden kann. Die Verankerungshaken sollten eine Länge von mindestens 1 und maximal 5 mm aufweisen, so daß eine vollständige Durchtrennung der Aortenwandung vermieden werden kann.It is advantageous if the anchoring hooks are stamped with different erection directions, which are each in opposite directions with respect to the longitudinal axis of the anchoring support at an angle not equal to 90 °, so that a secure anchoring in both possible movement Rich tions an anchor support can be achieved. The anchoring hooks should have a length of at least 1 and a maximum of 5 mm, so that a complete transection of the Aortenwandung can be avoided.

Wird eine Verankerungsstütze mit mehr als einem Stützring verwendet, können diese Stützringe mittels Verbindungsstegen zwischen nebeneinander angeordneten Mäandern, die durch die stabförmigen Elemente der Stützringe gebildet sind, erreicht werden.Becomes an anchorage post with more than one support ring used, can These support rings by means Connecting webs between adjacent meanders, through the rod-shaped elements the support rings are formed can be achieved.

Die Herzklappenprothese kann an einem stirnseitig angeordneten geschlossenen Kreisring oder einem aus einem Vieleck gebildeten Ring anliegen.The Heart valve prosthesis can be located on a frontally arranged closed Ring or a ring formed from a polygon abut.

Es besteht aber auch die Möglichkeit, an dieser Stirnseite der Verankerungsstütze drei bogenförmige Elemente für die Fixierung der Herzklappenprothese auszubilden. Dabei liegen diese bogenförmigen Elemente im implantierten Zustand an der Aorteninnenwand an. Mit den bogenförmigen Elementen kann im Gegensatz zu einem geschlossenen Ring eine höhere Elastizität bei der Selbstexpansion und gleichzeitig eine Anpassung an die Form der Kommissuren einer Herzklappenprothese erreicht werden.It but it is also possible on this end face of the anchoring support three arcuate elements for the Forming fixation of the heart valve prosthesis. These are arcuate Elements in the implanted state on the aortic inner wall. With the arcuate Elements can, in contrast to a closed ring, have a higher elasticity in the Self - expansion and at the same time an adaptation to the shape of the Commissures of a prosthetic heart valve can be achieved.

Neben einer Röhrenform kann die erfindungsgemäße Ver ankerungsstütze auch in Form eines Vieleckes ausgebildet sein, wobei dieses aber mindestens über acht Ecken verfügen sollte. Die letztgenannte Form hat einen erhöhten Selbstarretiereffekt, da die Eckkanten und die für die Verbindung von mehreren Stützringen verwendeten stabförmigen Elemente nicht parallel zur Längsachse der Verankerungsstütze ausgerichtet sein können. Daher kan ein erhöhter Formschluß für den sicheren Halt der Verankerungsstütze in der Aorta erreicht werden.Next a tubular shape Can the United anchoring support according to the invention also be formed in the form of a polygon, but this at least over eight Corners have should. The latter form has an increased Selbstarretiereffekt, because the corner edges and the for the connection of several support rings used rod-shaped Elements not parallel to the longitudinal axis the anchorage post can be aligned. Therefore, a heightened Positive locking for the safe Hold the anchorage post be reached in the aorta.

Nach der Befestigung der Herzklappenprothese an der erfindungsgemäßen Verankerungsstütze kann beides gemeinsam zusammengedrückt bzw. -gefaltet und in einer Tasche, die an einem Katheter befestigt ist, untergebracht werden. Dabei ist die Tasche mit einem Kühlsystem verbunden, durch das entsprechend gekühlte Kochsalzlösung geführt wird, so daß die Verankerungsstütze unterhalb der Sprungtemperatur gehalten wird.To the attachment of the heart valve prosthesis to the anchoring support according to the invention both compressed together or folded and in a bag attached to a catheter is to be accommodated. Here is the bag with a cooling system connected, is passed through the appropriately cooled saline, so that the anchor post is kept below the transition temperature.

Das Katheter kann dann in bekannter Form, an einem Draht durch die Aorta bis in die unmittelbare Nähe des Herzens geführt werden. Nach dem Erreichen der gewünschten Position und Überprüfung der Lage bezüglich der Herzkranzgefäßöffnungen kann die schützende Kappe entfernt oder zerstört werden und bei Erreichen der Sprungtemperatur stellt sich infolge von Selbstexpansion die für die Implantation gewünschte Form und Größe der Verankerungsstütze ein, wobei sich gleichzeitig die Verankerungshaken aufrichten und in der Aorteninnenwandung verklammern.The Catheter can then be placed in a known manner, on a wire through the aorta to the immediate vicinity of the heart become. After reaching the desired position and checking the Situation regarding the coronary vessel openings can the protective one Cap removed or destroyed and upon reaching the transition temperature arises as a result of self-expansion the for the implantation desired Shape and size of the anchor support, at the same time raise the anchoring hooks and in clamp the aortic inner wall.

Im Anschluß hieran können Führungsdraht und Katheter wieder entfernt werden und die Herzklappenprothese, die Funktion der natürlichen Herzklappe übernehmen.in the Connection to this can Guidewire and Catheters are removed again and the prosthetic heart valve, the Function of the natural Take the heart valve.

Nachfolgend soll die Erfindung beispielhaft, anhand von Ausführungsbeispielen näher erläutert werden.following If the invention is to be explained in more detail by way of example with reference to exemplary embodiments.

Dabei zeigen:there demonstrate:

1 ein Beispiel einer erfindungsgemäßen Verankerungsstütze mit einer Herzklappenprothese in implantierter Form und Größe und 1 an example of an anchoring support according to the invention with a heart valve prosthesis in implanted form and size and

2 eine Gitterstruktur eines Beispiels einer Verankerungsstütze in einer Abwicklung. 2 a lattice structure of an example of an anchoring support in a settlement.

Bei dem in 1 gezeigten Beispiel verfügt die Verankerungsstütze über zwei aus sägezahnförmig aneinandergereihten stabförmigen Elementen 4 gebildete Stützringe 6, die mit Verbindungsstegen 3 miteinander verbunden sind. Außerdem sind ein Dicht- und Befestigungsring 1 für die Herzklappenprothese 2, der hier eine Kreisringform aufweist sowie weitere stabförmige Elemente vorhanden sind, die die Verbindung zu den Stützringen 6 darstellen und die Form und Größe der Kommissuren von Herzklappenprothesen berücksichtigen.At the in 1 As shown in the example, the anchoring support has two saw-tooth-shaped row-shaped elements 4 formed support rings 6 , with connecting bridges 3 connected to each other. There is also a sealing and fastening ring 1 for the heart valve prosthesis 2 , which has a circular ring shape here and other rod-shaped elements are present, the connection to the support rings 6 and take into account the shape and size of the commissures of prosthetic heart valves.

Außerdem sind an den Stützringen 6 zusätzlich Verankerungshaken 5 vorhanden, die sich, wie im allgemeinen Teil der Beschreibung bereits erwähnt, bei Überschreiten der durch Prägung vorgegebenen Sprungtemperatur radial nach außen aufrichten.In addition, on the support rings 6 additional anchoring hook 5 present, which, as already mentioned in the general part of the description, rise radially outwards when the critical temperature given by embossing is exceeded.

Bei dem in 2 gezeigten Beispiel einer erfindungsgemäßen Verankerungsstütze, wurde die Darstellungsform einer Abwicklung gewählt, um die im Formgedächtnismetall ausgebildete Struktur deutlicher erkennen zu können. Bei diesem Beispiel wurden wiederum zwei Stützringe 6, durch sägezahnförmige Ausbildung von stabförmigen Elementen 4, an denen wiederum Verankerungshaken 5 vorhanden sind, gewählt. Die beiden Stützringe 6 sind außerdem wieder mit Verbindungsstegen 3 verbunden, die für einen gegebenenfalls erforderlichen Längenausgleich teilweise schlaufenartig abgebogen sind.At the in 2 shown example of an anchoring support according to the invention, the form of presentation of a settlement was chosen in order to recognize the formed in the shape memory metal structure more clearly. In this example again two support rings 6 , by sawtooth formation of rod-shaped elements 4 , which in turn anchor hooks 5 are present, selected. The two support rings 6 are also again with connecting bridges 3 connected, which are partially looped for an optionally required length compensation.

Im Bereich der Verankerungsstütze, an dem die Herzklappenprothese positioniert und fixiert werden soll, sind bei diesem Beispiel drei bogenförmige Elemente 7 ausgebildet, an denen die Herzklappenprothese anliegen kann und befestigt wird. Die Form der bogenförmigen Elemente 7 berücksichtigt die Form und Größe der Kommissuren einer biologischen Herzklappenprothese.In the area of the anchor support to which the heart valve prosthesis is to be positioned and fixed, in this example three arcuate elements 7 trained, where the heart valve prosthesis can rest and is attached. The shape of the arched elements 7 takes into account the shape and size of the commissures of a biological heart valve prosthesis.

Claims (8)

Verankerungsstütze für eine Herzklappenprothese, die aus einem, bei einer vorgebbaren Temperatur eine vorbestimmte Form einnehmenden Formgedächtnismetall besteht und die als ein einteiliger Körper, der aus stabförmigen Elementen (1, 2, 3, 4, 5), die zumindest teilweise eine Gitterstruktur darstellen, gebildet ist, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die stabförmigen Elemente (4) sägezahnförmig aneinandergereiht sind und mindestens einen Stützring (6) bilden, der als Vieleck mit mindestens acht Ecken ausgebildet ist.An anchoring support for a heart valve prosthesis, which consists of a shape-memory metal occupying a predetermined shape at a predeterminable temperature and which as a one-piece body consists of rod-shaped elements ( 1 . 2 . 3 . 4 . 5 ), which at least partially constitute a lattice structure, is formed, characterized in that the rod-shaped elements ( 4 ) are lined up in a sawtooth manner and at least one support ring ( 6 ) formed as a polygon with at least eight corners. Verankerungsstütze nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß Verankerungshaken (5), die sich bei Erreichen der Sprungtemperatur des Formgedächtnismetalls radial nach außen aufrichten, am/an dem/den Stützring(en) (6) vorhanden sind.Anchoring support according to claim 1, characterized in that anchoring hooks ( 5 ), which rise radially outward upon reaching the transition temperature of the shape memory metal, on / on the support ring (s) ( 6 ) available. Verankerungsstütze nach Anspruch 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Verankerungshaken (5) eine Länge von mindestens 1 mm aufweisen.Anchoring support according to claim 2, characterized in that the anchoring hooks ( 5 ) have a length of at least 1 mm. Verankerungsstütze nach einem der Ansprüche 2 oder 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß Verankerungshaken (5), die sich in Bezug zur Längsachse der Verankerungsstütze in entgegengesetzten Richtungen in einem Winkel ungleich 90° radial nach außen aufrichten, vorhanden sind.Anchoring support according to one of claims 2 or 3, characterized in that anchoring hooks ( 5 ), which are erected in opposite directions at an angle other than 90 ° radially outward with respect to the longitudinal axis of the anchorage post. Verankerungsstütze nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Stützringe (6) mittels Verbindungsstegen (3) verbunden sind.Anchoring support according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the support rings ( 6 ) by means of connecting webs ( 3 ) are connected. Verankerungsstütze nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß an der Seite, an der die Herzklappenprothese fixiert ist, drei bogenförmige Elemente (7) zur Fixierung der Herzklappenprothese (2) ausgebildet sind, die an der Aorteninnenwand anliegen.Anchoring support according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that on the side on which the heart valve prosthesis is fixed, three arcuate elements ( 7 ) for fixing the heart valve prosthesis ( 2 ) are formed, which bear against the aortic inner wall. Verankerungsstütze nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß sämtliche stabförmigen Elemente (1, 3, 4, 5) eine(n) Breite/Durchmesser von maximal 1 mm aufweisen.Anchoring support according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that all rod-shaped elements ( 1 . 3 . 4 . 5 ) have a width / diameter of a maximum of 1 mm. Verankerungsstütze nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Gitterstruktur, die Größe und Lage der Herzkranzgefäßöffnungen berücksichtigend, ausgebildet sind.anchor post according to one of the claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the grid structure, the size and location the coronary vessel openings Taking into account, are formed.
DE1998157887 1998-12-15 1998-12-15 Anchoring support for a heart valve prosthesis Expired - Lifetime DE19857887B4 (en)

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