DE19758856B4 - Security and / or value document and method for verifying a security and / or value document - Google Patents

Abstract

Security document or document of value, in particular banknote, with security elements and with a verification element for the verification of the security element, wherein
- in the document (1) at different laterally spaced locations at least one verification element (2) and at least one by the verification element (2) verifiable security element (3) are integrated, wherein
- The verification element (2) and the security element (3) by folding the document (1) for checking the security element (3) are brought into effect, wherein
- The verification element (2) is formed by at least one window, which as a verification element (2) comprises a holographic filter which reflects a narrow spectral range, a holographic prism or a hologram.

Description

The The invention relates to a security and / or value document according to the generic term of claim 1.

Especially Personal documents, banknotes, securities, certificates, service cards, such as credit cards or the like, postage stamps, general products, which must be authorized are often produced in a process easy nachzustellenden.

It is desirable for these products, To provide evidence of their authenticity, d. H. of their originality enable.

The Security features should be as inseparable be associated with the product to be authorized and / or properties which are difficult to reproduce.

The Manufacture and use of security features in security and / or securities are generally state of the art.

It is a variety of security features known as fluorescent Fibers / planchettes / colors, micro-typefaces, moiree-generating structures, Holograms and the like

When Security feature are often in the product to be protected special colors with spectral features or with magnetic properties or with temperature dependencies (thermochromic colors) introduced. Barcode is used, where the reflectivity differences of the surface is exploited, or it will be grid structures or film antennas used to exploit the Resonanzfreguenz in a resonant circuit.

From the AU 488 652 Security documents are known in which security features can be tested by means of transmitted light. Between plastic sheets an optically variable security element is arranged, which can be viewed through a transparent window in the overlying cover sheet. It is disadvantageous in particular that the attached security features are only visible to the naked eye in the transmitted light process, and that the material properties of the document are greatly changed.

It is also the introduction of only a transparent window in banknotes known as a security feature (Australian banknotes).

In the DE 43 34 847 A1 is described a document of value with window in which the carrier is subsequently provided with a window-like opening, which is closed with a transparent cover, wherein the cover is provided in this area of the window with additional security features. The preparation of the subsequent breakthrough of the carrier of the security to a window and the cover with a transparent cover, which in turn is partially provided with a security feature, is technologically complex and has an increase in the thickness of the security result. The requirement that areas of the window must remain transparent in order to be able to recognize the security features in the transmitted light method with the naked eye restricts the possibilities of concealed security features. These are just as in the known window threads in banknotes to elements, which are used in themselves only as a security element, but do not take on any other function. The known windows, taken alone, can also include security features.

The authentication the known security features usually requires the use of special devices, methods and in particular of external ones Testing equipment such as Magnifying glasses for checking Micro-typefaces, lenticular for verification of hidden, graphic Elements, UV lamps for visualizing fluorescence, or in the transmitted light method, the optical recognizability of the security feature.

In the DE 36 09 090 A1 is a security with embedded embedded security thread, which is visually verifiable without technical aids. The security thread is made of a transparent material. On a surface a grid of cylindrical lenses is imprinted. On the opposite surface of the film of the thread directly a printed image is applied. The printed image is designed taking into account the optical properties of the cylindrical lenses. By appropriate design of the printed image so that information can be introduced, which are visible only from certain angles.

adversely is that directly is arranged under the thread of paper, so that the security feature only in reflection and not in transmission can be considered. The safety is only in the thread. The thread is a common one Safety element.

Out DE 26 47 325 B1 For example, an identity card is known which contains a hologram on both the front and the back, each of which can be checked by an external optical device.

Out EP 0 256 176 A1 For example, a security document is known in which, for example, a signature is encrypted by the fact that the signature on two different slides is divided into small pieces by photographic methods. When the two sheets are overlaid, they complement each other to the signature, which can be used to verify the authenticity of the document.

Of the Invention is based on the object, a generic safety and / or value document as well as a method of verification for this, which increases the security against counterfeiting and the simplified test Document authenticity are guaranteed without external aids.

The solution This object is apparent from the features of the claim 1 and of claim 12. By the provision of security features and verification means such as detectors for verifying the security features or in a document is achieved that no external aids to check the Authenticity of the document needed become. It can be the authenticity for example, on a banknote security features by, for example, one or more transparent windows be checked on the same banknote. The combination of security features and a verification system raised on the same banknote their forgery security, because the verification system is also a security feature can be configured. To check the Authenticity can be Show and back the banknote to be used. By suitable folding of the banknote or any other document required by law of the invention, a security feature will be checked, by using the security feature with the verification system, e.g. B. Window, brought into effect.

It can with the verification element applied to the value document security features introduced at various points in the document.

In a passport can for Example two opposite Pages serve to verify the document. This can be a page with the verification element, for. B. a lenticular screen, partially or over the entire surface, the other side with the security feature to analyze, for Example, latent visible raster structures, be provided. By suitable overlapping the authenticity is checked. As well can two banknotes, checks or two other identically designed value documents be checked for authenticity.

critical is the functionality the window or windows integrated in the document. It essentially becomes no additional Thickness of the document generated as the detection means and the security features are arranged on a document at different locations and not on top of each other.

The preferably forming the verification element as a detector / analyzer or decoder in the form of one or more transparent windows or even a window with several analyzer areas with detection elements guaranteed a variety of variants to verify the authenticity a variety of possible Security features.

• 1. Die zusätzlichen Verifikationselemente werden durch lenticulare Linsen/Zylinderlinsen/Wackelbilder und autostereoskopischen Vorrichtungen, welche die Sichtbarmachung von optisch codierten Sicherheitsmerkmalen oder von drucktechnisch auf das Dokument aufgebrachten Strukturen ermöglichen, gebildet, die sich in/auf einer transparenten Folie oder dgl. befinden. Die Linsenraster bestehen vorzugsweise aus gleichartigen Zylinderlinsen, die parallel zueinander, vorzugsweise im gleichen Abstand (z. B. 200 μm) angeordnet sind. Der Focus eines derartigen Linsenrasters ist vorzugsweise auf die optische Dicke des verwendeten transparenten Substratmaterials abgestimmt. Diese Zylinderlinsen können durch mehrere Arten in ein transparentes Material, z. B. PVC-Folien, eingebracht werden, z. B. durch Pägen mit einem geeigneten Master, sie können auch durch Gießen der Folie in eine geeignete Form erzeugt sein, sie können auch durch speziell geformte Spritzdüsen durch Extrudieren in der Folie gebildet sein.
• 2. Die zusätzlichen Verifikationselemente werden durch Fresnel- Linsen oder ähnliche vergrößernde, optische Strukturen gebildet, welche die Erkennung von sehr kleiner Schrift oder von grafischen Elementen auf dem Dokument ermöglichen.
• 3. Die Verifikationselemente werden durch aufgebrachte, vorzugsweise gedruckte feine grafische Strukturen sowohl auf der Folie eines Fensters als auch auf einem Teil des Dokumentes gebildet.

The verification elements on / in one or more windows or in areas of a window are preferably formed of a clear, transparent material and preferably comprise, in addition to the holographic filter, the holographic prism or the hologram, a verification element from the following groups:

• 1. The additional verification elements are formed by lenticular / cylindrical lens / wobble images and autostereoscopic devices that enable the visualization of optically encoded security features or structures applied by printing to the document, which are in / on a transparent sheet or the like. The lenticular screens preferably consist of similar cylindrical lenses, which are arranged parallel to one another, preferably at the same distance (eg 200 μm). The focus of such a lens grid is preferably matched to the optical thickness of the transparent substrate material used. These cylindrical lenses can by several ways in a transparent material, eg. As PVC films, are introduced, for. Example, by pawing with a suitable master, they can also be produced by casting the film into a suitable shape, they can also be formed by specially shaped spray nozzles by extrusion in the film.
• 2. The additional verification elements are formed by Fresnel lenses or similar magnifying optical structures that enable the recognition of very small font or graphic elements on the document.
• 3. The verification elements are formed by applied, preferably printed fine graphic structures both on the film of a window and on a part of the document.

The Window forms the mask for a "parallax barrier display ".

When superimposing the corresponding areas (Window / security feature on the document) are called Moiree structures generated. The line or dot grid on the window form with the corresponding line or dot rasters in the area of the security feature of the value document, a moiree structure. The resulting moiree pattern is considered a characteristic security feature for the Value document.

• 4. Die Verifikationselemente werden durch Polarisationsfilter gebildet.

If the windows are arranged so that they lie one above the other when folding the document, then it can be achieved that produce exactly register-containing structures in a relative shift color or pattern changes.

• 4. The verification elements are formed by polarization filters.

Prefers Two clear windows are arranged next to each other or a window is divided into two analyzer areas.

The Windows can as two polarizers for the observation of polarization stereo images to be formed.

It can be achieved that at least a specially shaped window forms a "Polaroid Vectograph".

• – Die hellen und dunklen Bereiche eines Bildes sind linear polarisierende Bereiche mit abwechselnd horizontaler und vertikaler Polarisationsrichtung.

It can windows for realizing a contrast envelope are formed between transmissive and impermeable. Such structures can be realized by applying lambda-half regions to a linearly polarizing film, for example by suitably oriented films of the correct thickness:

• The light and dark areas of an image are linearly polarizing areas with alternating horizontal and vertical polarization directions.

• 5. Das Fenster ist als Interferenz-/Farbfilter ausgebildet (transparente Beugungsstrukturen, Multilayer-Systeme).

It can be shaped windows that realize a clear color change on the principle of "color shutter".

• 5. The window is designed as an interference / color filter (transparent diffraction structures, multilayer systems).

• – analog zu holografischen Laserschutzbrillen oder
• – eine Mischfarbe erscheint in einer anderen Farbe,
• – eine reine Spektralfarbe verschwindet.

The transparent window is formed as a holographic filter which reflects a narrow spectral range, either

• - analogous to holographic laser goggles or
• - a mixed color appears in a different color,
• - a pure spectral color disappears.

One such filter is also for two clear windows suitable, with the verification window in one holographic and a non-filtering juxtaposed Part can be split.

The Windows are called two color filters for viewing anaglyphs (Stereo images) or as prisms, preferably as gradient index prisms (if possible superchromatic), for formed a chromastereoscopic image.

Further advantageous embodiments of the invention will become apparent from the Dependent claims.

The Invention is described below with reference to the drawings embodiments a banknote as a value document explained in more detail. Show it:

1 the schematic representation of a banknote with a window and a security feature,

2 the schematic representation of the arrangement of a window with two areas on the banknote as a verification element,

2a the schematic representation of the arrangement of a window with two areas according to 2 to train a "Vectographer",

2 B the schematic representation of the arrangement of a window with two areas according to 2 for the formation of different patterns,

2c the schematic representation of the arrangement of a window with two areas according to 2 to form a chromastereoscopic image,

2d the schematic representation of the arrangement of a window with two areas according to 2 for the training of 'llama-half' areas,

3 The schematic representation of the arrangement of two adjacent windows with different verification elements,

4 the schematic representation of the generation of raster structures and

5 the schematic representation of a banknote with windows on a corner.

As shown in the 1 is a value document, for. B. a banknote 1 , with a transparent window 2 formed, which is used by the equipment with verification elements as a detector or the like. To a security feature in one area 3 the banknote 1 to to verify. The verification of the security feature in the area 3 the banknote 1 takes place for. B. by the superposition of the two areas 2 and 3 ,

In a first embodiment, which is not the subject of the invention, the window is 2 in the 1 provided with a lenticular screen as a verification element. The orientation of the lens grid in the area of the window 2 and the corresponding typographically generated grid as a security feature in the area 3 the banknote 1 must be tuned so that the desired effects are visible when, by suitable superimposing the areas 2 and 3 , z. B. by folding, are brought to cover.

The printed raster structures as a security feature in the area 3 can be generated with all in the security printing a set printing method, preferably in the simultaneous offset method (Letterset) due to the required high resolution.

In the 4 a simple example of the generation of raster structures in the form of the letter "D" is shown. By overlaying the lens grid in the window 2 with the line grid 4 in the area 3 the clear image emerges in the eye of the beholder 7 the letter "D".

Also printed line structures in combination with embossments, which show so-called tilting effects ( DE 23 34 702 ), and preferably in intaglio printing, can be created by suitably superimposing the areas 2 . 3 ( 1 ) of the banknote 1 be visualized, the area 2 must have the lenticular to amplify the tilting effect.

The Lenticular screens preferably consist of similar cylindrical lenses, the parallel to each other, preferably at the same distance from z. B. 200 microns arranged are. These cylindrical lenses can by several species in a transparent material, eg. B. PVC film introduced For example, by casting a film on a tape with a profile in negative form or by the extrusion of lens grids through specially shaped spray nozzles, z. B. slot dies.

The Cylindrical lenses can continue by plowing with a suitable pattern or by rolling foils between Rolls are produced with a corresponding negative profile.

Gradient-index lenses can formed from bleached silver halide layers or photopolymers become.

In a second embodiment according to 1 , which is not the subject of the invention, is the verification element in the window 2 the banknote 1 by Fresnel lenses or by similar magnifying optical structures that allow the detection of very small fonts or graphic elements in the field 3 on the document 1 by suitable overlapping of the areas 2 . 3 enable, educated. Here, the very small thickness of the Fresnel lenses with good magnification of the magnifier, z. B. 5 to 10 times, a key advantage for integration in substrate materials.

According to a third embodiment, which is not the subject of the invention, the verification element is in the window 2 the banknote 1 in the 1 formed by fine line structures, which are also on a part of the document 1 in the area 3 be formed. When superimposing the corresponding areas 2 and 3 of the document 1 As a result, so-called Moiree structures are generated. Examples of moiree-producing patterns are in the DE 28 19 640 . DE 23 24 702 . DE 26 03 558 . DE 36 02 563 described.

The verification element in the window 2 can print a printed line or dot matrix for a visual decryption / encryption method for a banknote 1 be. In addition to the printing of fine dots and / or lines, there is also the option of the area 2 (Window) of the document 1 to punch or perforate, preferably by means of laser perforation, so that by suitably superimposing the areas 2 and 3 the banknote 1 , z. B. by convolution, a Moiree pattern is generated. The area 3 the banknote 1 may be a transparent material with line / screen imprint, an opaque material with line / screen imprint or even an area with a suitable perforation, preferably a laser perforation.

In a fourth embodiment, which is not the subject of the invention, a polarizing filter on / in a preferably transparent foil material as a verification element in the area 2 , z. B. a banknote 1 , in combination with another similarly designed polarizing filter in the range 3 integrated. The polarization filter in the range 3 is preferably perpendicular or parallel to the polarizing filter in the range 2 designed and acts as an analyzer, so that by appropriately superimposing the areas 2 and 3 the banknote 1 and rotation of the superimposed areas 2 and 3 against each other, the optical transparency (light / dark) changes or changes.

A further embodiment, which is not the subject of the invention, is formed by applying to one of the two polarizing filters in the regions 2 . 3 an additional dichroic (double refractive), graphically structured layer, e.g. B. by printing, sputtering, casting and the like., Applied, so that by suitably superimposing the areas 2 . 3 the banknote 1 and rotation of the superimposed areas 2 . 3 against each other, a graphic element, eg. As a font, is visible.

Another embodiment, which is not the subject of the invention, is achieved by placing one of the two polarizing filters in the regions 2 . 3 is replaced by a reflective layer, wherein additionally a dichroic, graphically structured layer is applied to this reflective layer. By suitable overlapping of the areas 2 . 3 the banknote 1 and rotation of the superimposed areas 2 . 3 against each other is a graphic element, eg. As a font, visible.

A further embodiment, which is not the subject of the invention, envisages replacing one of the two polarization filters with a reflective layer, wherein additionally a dichroic, graphically structured layer is applied to this reflective layer. This birefringent transparent layer may preferably be formed from a liquid crystal-containing film. By suitable overlapping of the areas 2 . 3 the banknote 1 , z. B. by folding, and by rotating the superposed areas against each other is a graphic element, for. As a font, visible.

For many verification effects, it is desirable to easily and quickly bring two different types of verification elements across the security feature. This often facilitates the perception of a change in the case of movement or color shift effects. It facilitates verification in cases where rotation of the verification element relative to the security feature is required. Such a rotation would be at a single verification window 2 very impractical. To solve these problems, the distribution of the verification window will be used 2 into two adjacent analyzer areas ( 2 . 2a to 2d ) or the arrangement of two adjacent windows 2 ( 3 ) proposed with different verification elements.

In the 2c is an embodiment of a window according to the invention 2 shown as a verification element, on the banknote 1 as verification elements at least two clear analyzer areas 5 . 6 side by side as a window 2 are arranged. The analyzer areas 5 . 6 are preferably designed as holographic prisms, if possible as superchromatic prisms, for a so-called chromastereoscopic image. Preferably, the prisms are formed as gradient index prisms in the form of thin film materials.

An embodiment according to 2a , which is not the subject of the invention, provides that the at least two adjacent clear analyzer areas 5 . 6 in a window 2 are designed as a so-called "Vectrograph". A "Vectograph" consists of two superimposed laminated polyvinyl alcohol films that form linear polarizing filters when printed with iodide inks. The two films are oriented such that the front surface forms a vertical polarization upon contact with the iodide color and a horizontal polarization upon contact with the iodide color (FIG. 2a . 2 B ). On the front sheet is selected with iodide color a selected first pattern, eg. For example, a square 10 ( 2a . 2 B ), and on the back a selected second pattern, e.g. B. a star 11 ( 2a . 2 B ), printed. Looking at the superimposed films with a linear analyzer (window 2 , Area 5 of the 2a . 2 B ) appears when the analyzer is oriented horizontally 5 the first pattern (square 10 ) and with a vertical orientation of the analyzer 6 the second pattern (star 11 ). Likewise, color changes can be realized.

A shared in this way verification window 2 with analyzer areas 5 . 6 spares the rotation of the window 2 , the window 2 will only be moved.

Similarly shaped areas 5 . 6 can be designed to realize a contrast envelope between transmissive and impermeable. Such structures can be realized by applying to a linearly polarizing film 8th ( 2d ) so-called "lambda-half" areas 9 (Phase plates with a phase shift of 180 ° between ordinary and extraordinary beam), for example, by suitably oriented film materials of the correct thickness can be applied ( 2d ). In these areas, the polarization direction is rotated by 90 °. This effect is particularly impressive with area filling patterns. Similarly shaped structures are used to realize a clear color change on the principle of the so-called "color shutter".

In another not belonging to the invention embodiment of the / the verification elements in the window 2 the banknote 1 are interference / color filters, generally transparent diffraction structures, multilayer systems used.

The interference / color filters are formed in or on a preferably transparent foil material or consist of this material. The filters are on, for example, a banknote 1 in the area 2 in combination with a colored graphic element in the area 3 integrated. By suitable agreement Defile the areas 2 . 3 the banknote 1 is a certain spectral range in the graphical element, eg. As typeface, by the area 2 hidden or transmitted, so that a color impression deviating from the original color arises.

When Interference / color filters can both colored, transparent materials as well as transparent materials with z. As evaporated / sputtered, printed colors are used.

In a further embodiment, which is not the subject of the invention, at least two clear analyzer areas 5 . 6 as shown in the 2 and 3 arranged side by side. These areas 5 . 6 are formed as at least two color filters for viewing so-called anaglyphs (stereo images), with the anaglyphs on the area 3 the banknote 1 are located. By suitable overlapping of the areas 5 . 6 and 3 at a certain distance from each other a stereo impression is created.

All windows can be in any shape, preferably in a form that best corresponds to the type of the selected verification element, as well as thread-like or as in the 5 shown is triangular, be formed.

The windows can be placed anywhere on the document, as well as on a corner of the document, as in the 5 shown by way of example only have to fulfill the condition that security features and verification elements for verifying the security feature can be brought into operative connection with one another, for example by folding, twisting, superimposing one or more documents. The superimposing can be done in direct contact or, in some cases, at a distance between the security feature and the verification element.

Claims (12)

Security document or document of value, in particular banknote, with security elements and with a verification element for the verification of the security element, wherein - in the document ( 1 ) at different laterally spaced locations at least one verification element ( 2 ) and at least one through the verification element ( 2 ) verifiable security element ( 3 ), wherein - the verification element ( 2 ) and the security element ( 3 ) by folding the document ( 1 ) for checking the security element ( 3 ) are brought into effect, wherein - the verification element ( 2 ) is formed by at least one window, which serves as a verification element ( 2 ) comprises a holographic filter which reflects a narrow spectral range, a holographic prism or a hologram. Security document or document of value according to claim 1, wherein at least one security element ( 3 ) is formed on the front and / or the back. Security document or document of value according to claim 1, wherein the verification element ( 2 ) as a strip on an edge of the document ( 1 ) is trained. A security document or document of value according to claim 1, wherein a corner of the document ( 1 ) as a verification element ( 2 ) is trained. Security document or document of value according to claim 1 to 4, wherein the security element ( 3 ) is a colored graphic element. Security document or document of value according to claim 5, wherein if the verification element ( 2 ) and the security element ( 3 ) are superimposed, a color composition appears in a different color. Security document or document of value according to claim 5, wherein if the verification element ( 2 ) and the security element ( 3 ) are superimposed, an unmixed spectral color disappears. Security document or document of value according to claim 1, wherein the verification element ( 2 ) by at least one window with at least two analysis areas ( 5 . 6 ) is formed with verification elements. Security document or document of value according to claim 1, comprising at least two verification windows, each window forms an analysis area with a verification element. A security document or document of value according to claim 8 or claim 9, wherein the verification windows are juxtaposed in a holographic area and a non-filtering area ( 5 . 6 ) are subdivided. Security document or value document according to claim 8 or claim 9, wherein the verification elements are used as analysis areas ( 5 . 6 ) are formed side by side with holographic prisms for observing a chromastereoscopic image. Method for verifying a security document or value document ( 1 ), especially Banknote, with security elements ( 3 ) and with a verification element ( 2 ) for the verification of the security element ( 3 ), whereas the document ( 1 ) at different laterally spaced locations at least one verification element ( 2 ) and at least one through the verification element ( 2 ) verifiable security element ( 3 ), wherein the verification element ( 2 ) is formed by at least one window, which serves as a verification element ( 2 ) comprises a holographic filter, a holographic prism or a hologram, characterized by the step of: folding the document ( 1 ) to the verification element ( 2 ) and the security element ( 3 ) in order to check the security element ( 3 ).