DE19634111A1 - Liquefying biomass for fuel production - Google Patents

Liquefying biomass for fuel production

Info

Publication number
DE19634111A1
DE19634111A1 DE1996134111 DE19634111A DE19634111A1 DE 19634111 A1 DE19634111 A1 DE 19634111A1 DE 1996134111 DE1996134111 DE 1996134111 DE 19634111 A DE19634111 A DE 19634111A DE 19634111 A1 DE19634111 A1 DE 19634111A1
Authority
DE
Germany
Prior art keywords
biomass
pressure
temperature
hydrocarbons
carbonic acid
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
DE1996134111
Other languages
German (de)
Inventor
Ernst Dipl Ing Eisenmann
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
EISENMANN ERNST DIPL ING FH
Original Assignee
EISENMANN ERNST DIPL ING FH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by EISENMANN ERNST DIPL ING FH filed Critical EISENMANN ERNST DIPL ING FH
Priority to DE1996134111 priority Critical patent/DE19634111A1/en
Publication of DE19634111A1 publication Critical patent/DE19634111A1/en
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
    • C05F11/00—Other organic fertilisers
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05D—INORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C; FERTILISERS PRODUCING CARBON DIOXIDE
    • C05D9/00—Other inorganic fertilisers
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07C1/00—Preparation of hydrocarbons from one or more compounds, none of them being a hydrocarbon
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
    • C10G1/00—Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures from oil-shale, oil-sand, or non-melting solid carbonaceous or similar materials, e.g. wood, coal

Abstract

Process for liquefying biomass comprises subjecting the biomass to carbonic acid in a pressure vessel at super-critical pressure and temperature.

Description

Eine verfahrenstechnische Umsetzung von Biomasse zu Kraftstoffen, besonders zu Kohlenwasserstoffen, kann auf verschiedene Weise erfolgen. Am bekanntesten ist die Vergasung mit oder ohne Sauerstoffzusatz zu Synthesegas (CO + H₂) und der Weiterverarbeitung über das Fischer-Tropsch-Syntheseverfahren zu Kohlenwasserstoffen.A process engineering conversion of biomass to fuels, especially to Hydrocarbons can be made in different ways. The best known is the Gasification with or without the addition of oxygen to synthesis gas (CO + H₂) and Further processing via the Fischer-Tropsch synthesis process into hydrocarbons.

Dann ein Verfahren, welches mit überkritischem oder teilkritischem Wasser arbeitet. Siehe Europa-Patent WO 89/08138 (08.09.89 89/21).Then a process that works with supercritical or semi-critical water. Please refer European patent WO 89/08138 (08.09.89 89/21).

Dann Verfahren, welche mit superkritischen Gasen aus organischen Lösemitteln arbeiten, zur Verflüssigung von Holz, hauptsächlich zur Zellstoffgewinnung, siehe "Thermischer Abbau von Birkenholz mit superkritischen Gasen in einer Hochdruck-, Hochtemperatur-, Strömungsapparatur" aus Holzforschung 33 (1979) 112-116.Then processes that work with supercritical gases from organic solvents for Liquefaction of wood, mainly for pulp production, see "Thermal degradation of Birch wood with supercritical gases in a high pressure, high temperature, Flow apparatus "from Wood Research 33 (1979) 112-116.

Die bekannten Verfahren benötigen jedoch mehrere Verfahrensschritte.However, the known methods require several process steps.

Das beschriebene neue Verfahren bringt zumindest die Erzeugung eines Kohlenwasserstoffgemisches in einem Schritt, wobei lediglich der Gasanteil und der Flüssiganteil nach Abkühlung bereits getrennt vorliegen.The new method described brings at least the generation of one Hydrocarbon mixture in one step, only the gas content and the The liquid portion is already separated after cooling.

In dem neuen Verfahren wird Biomasse in einem Druckbehälter mittels CO₂ unter Druck gesetzt und erhitzt. Um eine Zerlegung der Biomasse (welche zu ca. 45 Gew-% C, ca. 45 Gew.-% O₂, ca. 6 Gew.-% H₂, Rest Asche besteht) zu erreichen ist die Kohlensäure in überkritischen Zustand zu versetzen (kritischer Druck 73,70 bar, kritische Temperatur 31,0°C).In the new process, biomass in a pressure vessel is pressurized using CO₂ set and heated. To break down the biomass (which is approx. 45% by weight C, approx. 45 % By weight O₂, approx. 6% by weight H₂, remainder ash is to be reached) to put supercritical state (critical pressure 73.70 bar, critical temperature 31.0 ° C).

Es ist bekannt, daß kritische Kohlensäure wegen ihrer niedrigen Temperatur ein sehr wirksames, aber schonendes Lösungsmittel für viele Substanzen ist. Werden aber Druck sowie Temperatur wesentlich erhöht so gehen so ziemlich alle organischen Substanzen in Lösung.Critical carbonic acid is known to be a very low temperature is an effective but gentle solvent for many substances. But will pressure as well Temperature increases significantly so almost all organic substances go into solution.

Wird diese Lösung dann mit Katalysatoren wie Fe, Co, ZrO für die KW-Synthese in Verbindung gebracht, so entsteht aus dem vorhandenen Kohlenstoff CO₂. Der hierbei stöchiometrisch nicht umgesetzte Kohlenstoff reagiert mit dem vorhandenen Wasserstoff zu Kohlenwasserstoff. Die Asche bleibt als Feststoff zurück. If this solution is then used with catalysts such as Fe, Co, ZrO for the KW synthesis in Connected, so the existing carbon CO₂. The one here stoichiometrically unreacted carbon reacts with the hydrogen present Hydrocarbon. The ash remains as a solid.  

Durch Änderung der Parameter Druck, Temperatur, Verweilzeit, Katalysatorzusammensetzung und Wassergehalt der Biomasse kann die Zusammensetzung des Kohlenwasserstoffgemisches beeinflußt werden. Die Höhe von Druck und Temperatur ist nur durch die Eigenschaften des Druckmittelbehälters begrenzt.By changing the parameters pressure, temperature, dwell time, Catalyst composition and water content of the biomass can change the composition of the Hydrocarbon mixture are affected. The level of pressure and temperature is only limited by the properties of the pressure medium container.

Da es sich um endotherme und exotherme Reaktionen handelt und in der Summe ein Wärmeüberschuß entsteht, ist dieser über ein Kühlsystem abzuführen und gegebenenfalls zu verwerten.Since these are endothermic and exothermic reactions and in total one Excess heat is generated, this must be dissipated via a cooling system and, if necessary, added recycle.

Sind im Abgas außer CO₂ noch geringe Mengen CO, CH₄, C₂H₆, H₂O etc. enthalten, so ist eine Gastrennung anzuschließen.If there are small amounts of CO, CH₄, C₂H₆, H₂O etc. in the exhaust gas besides CO₂, then one is Gas separation.

Claims (7)

1. Verfahren um Biomasse zu verflüssigen, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß Biomasse in einem Druckbehälter Kohlensäure bei einem überkritischen Druck und einer überkritischen Temperatur ausgesetzt wird.1. A process for liquefying biomass, characterized in that biomass is exposed to carbonic acid in a pressure vessel at a supercritical pressure and a supercritical temperature. 2. Verfahren nach Patentanspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die gelöste Biomasse Katalysatoren wie Fe, Co, ZnO oder ähnlichen ausgesetzt wird und dadurch zu Kohlenwasserstoffen, Kohlensäure, Restgasen und Feststoffen umgesetzt wird.2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the dissolved biomass catalysts such as Fe, Co, ZnO or is exposed to similar and thereby to hydrocarbons, carbonic acid, residual gases and solids is implemented. 3. Verfahren nach Patentanspruch 1 und 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß durch Änderung der Parameter Druck, Temperatur, Verweilzeit, Katalysatorzusammensetzung, Biomassezusammensetzung, Wassergehalt die Kettenlängen und Isometrien der KW nach Bedarf geändert werden können.3. The method according to claim 1 and 2, characterized in that by changing the parameters pressure, temperature, Residence time, catalyst composition, biomass composition, water content Chain lengths and isometries of the KW can be changed as required. 4. Verfahren nach Patentanspruch 1 bis 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die anfallenden Feststoffe (Asche) wiedergewonnen und als Dünger für die Biomasseerzeugung verwendet werden.4. The method according to claim 1 to 3, characterized in that the resulting solids (ash) are recovered and as Fertilizers can be used for biomass production. 5. Verfahren nach Patentanspruch 1 bis 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Entspannung vor oder nach dem Abscheider erfolgt.5. The method according to claim 1 to 4, characterized in that the relaxation takes place before or after the separator. 6. Verfahren nach Patentanspruch 1 bis 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Reaktor zweiteilig vorhanden ist, wobei in einem Teil die Verflüssigung der Biomasse erfolgt, im anderen Teil die Umsetzung zu Kohlenwasserstoffen.6. The method according to claim 1 to 5, characterized in that the reactor is in two parts, the part in one Liquefaction of the biomass takes place, in the other part the implementation too Hydrocarbons. 7. Verfahren nach Patentanspruch 1 bis 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß wenn aus einem Kohlenwasserstoffgemisch des Produktes im Normalzustand feste oder nicht fließfähige Stoffe entstehen, diese dem Prozeßbeginn wieder zugeführt werden können.7. The method according to claim 1 to 6, characterized in that when from a hydrocarbon mixture of the product in Normal state solid or non-flowable substances arise, these again at the beginning of the process can be supplied.
DE1996134111 1996-08-23 1996-08-23 Liquefying biomass for fuel production Ceased DE19634111A1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE1996134111 DE19634111A1 (en) 1996-08-23 1996-08-23 Liquefying biomass for fuel production

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE1996134111 DE19634111A1 (en) 1996-08-23 1996-08-23 Liquefying biomass for fuel production

Publications (1)

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DE19634111A1 true DE19634111A1 (en) 1998-02-26

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DE (1) DE19634111A1 (en)

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE19956560C2 (en) * 1999-11-24 2003-05-22 Bodo Wolf Process for the production of renewable fuels
WO2007038996A1 (en) * 2005-10-04 2007-04-12 Paul Scherrer Institut Process for generating methane and/or methane hydrate from biomass
US7863340B2 (en) 2005-03-16 2011-01-04 Fuelcor Llc Systems, methods, and compositions for production of synthetic hydrocarbon compounds
CN102264873A (en) * 2008-12-19 2011-11-30 芬欧汇川公司 Method for heat exchange, system and use

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0204354A1 (en) * 1985-05-08 1986-12-10 Shell Internationale Researchmaatschappij B.V. Process for producing hydrocarbon-containing liquids from biomass
EP0311164A1 (en) * 1987-10-02 1989-04-12 ENIRICERCHE S.p.A. Single-step coal liquefaction process
EP0314223A2 (en) * 1987-10-29 1989-05-03 ENIRICERCHE S.p.A. Process for the treatment of refinery sludges
WO1989007480A1 (en) * 1988-02-10 1989-08-24 Midwest Research Institute Supercritical separation process for complex organic mixtures
DE3806732A1 (en) * 1988-03-02 1989-11-09 Andersen Kjeld METHOD FOR GASIFICATION OF ORGANIC MATERIAL IN SYNTHESEGAS OR GASOFMY OR LIQUID HYDROCARBONS OR FOR REMOVING ORGANIC MATERIAL IN WASTEWATER
EP0673688A1 (en) * 1994-03-03 1995-09-27 Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft Zur Förderung Der Angewandten Forschung E.V. Method of decontaminating soil

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0204354A1 (en) * 1985-05-08 1986-12-10 Shell Internationale Researchmaatschappij B.V. Process for producing hydrocarbon-containing liquids from biomass
EP0311164A1 (en) * 1987-10-02 1989-04-12 ENIRICERCHE S.p.A. Single-step coal liquefaction process
EP0314223A2 (en) * 1987-10-29 1989-05-03 ENIRICERCHE S.p.A. Process for the treatment of refinery sludges
WO1989007480A1 (en) * 1988-02-10 1989-08-24 Midwest Research Institute Supercritical separation process for complex organic mixtures
DE3806732A1 (en) * 1988-03-02 1989-11-09 Andersen Kjeld METHOD FOR GASIFICATION OF ORGANIC MATERIAL IN SYNTHESEGAS OR GASOFMY OR LIQUID HYDROCARBONS OR FOR REMOVING ORGANIC MATERIAL IN WASTEWATER
EP0673688A1 (en) * 1994-03-03 1995-09-27 Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft Zur Förderung Der Angewandten Forschung E.V. Method of decontaminating soil

Non-Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
Chemical Abstract, Vol.99, 1983, Ref. 215644t *
Derwent Abstract, Ref. 85-162837/27 zu J60094090-A *
JP 61-66789 A.,In: Patents Abstracts of Japan, C-365,Aug. 9,1986,Vol.10,No.230 *

Cited By (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE19956560C2 (en) * 1999-11-24 2003-05-22 Bodo Wolf Process for the production of renewable fuels
US7863340B2 (en) 2005-03-16 2011-01-04 Fuelcor Llc Systems, methods, and compositions for production of synthetic hydrocarbon compounds
US8093305B2 (en) 2005-03-16 2012-01-10 Fuelcor, Llc Systems, methods, and compositions for production of synthetic hydrocarbon compounds
US8114916B2 (en) 2005-03-16 2012-02-14 Fuelcor, Llc Systems, methods, and compositions for production of synthetic hydrocarbon compounds
US8168143B2 (en) 2005-03-16 2012-05-01 Fuelcor, Llc Systems, methods, and compositions for production of synthetic hydrocarbon compounds
WO2007038996A1 (en) * 2005-10-04 2007-04-12 Paul Scherrer Institut Process for generating methane and/or methane hydrate from biomass
US8475549B2 (en) 2005-10-04 2013-07-02 Paul Scherrer Institut Process for generating methane and/or methane hydrate from biomass
CN102264873A (en) * 2008-12-19 2011-11-30 芬欧汇川公司 Method for heat exchange, system and use
CN102264873B (en) * 2008-12-19 2014-04-02 芬欧汇川公司 Method for heat exchange, system and use

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