DE19621148A1 - Lighting element, especially e.g. for use in motor vehicles - Google Patents

Lighting element, especially e.g. for use in motor vehicles

Info

Publication number
DE19621148A1
DE19621148A1 DE19621148A DE19621148A DE19621148A1 DE 19621148 A1 DE19621148 A1 DE 19621148A1 DE 19621148 A DE19621148 A DE 19621148A DE 19621148 A DE19621148 A DE 19621148A DE 19621148 A1 DE19621148 A1 DE 19621148A1
Authority
DE
Germany
Prior art keywords
light
element according
imaging optics
luminous element
light source
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
DE19621148A
Other languages
German (de)
Inventor
Juergen Heinz
Thomas Hempel
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
HEINZ, JUERGEN, DIPL.-ING., 97959 ASSAMSTADT, DE H
Original Assignee
Magna Reflex Holding GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Magna Reflex Holding GmbH filed Critical Magna Reflex Holding GmbH
Priority to DE19621148A priority Critical patent/DE19621148A1/en
Priority to NL1003152A priority patent/NL1003152C1/en
Publication of DE19621148A1 publication Critical patent/DE19621148A1/en
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L25/00—Assemblies consisting of a plurality of individual semiconductor or other solid state devices ; Multistep manufacturing processes thereof
    • H01L25/03—Assemblies consisting of a plurality of individual semiconductor or other solid state devices ; Multistep manufacturing processes thereof all the devices being of a type provided for in the same subgroup of groups H01L27/00 - H01L33/00, or in a single subclass of H10K, H10N, e.g. assemblies of rectifier diodes
    • H01L25/04—Assemblies consisting of a plurality of individual semiconductor or other solid state devices ; Multistep manufacturing processes thereof all the devices being of a type provided for in the same subgroup of groups H01L27/00 - H01L33/00, or in a single subclass of H10K, H10N, e.g. assemblies of rectifier diodes the devices not having separate containers
    • H01L25/075—Assemblies consisting of a plurality of individual semiconductor or other solid state devices ; Multistep manufacturing processes thereof all the devices being of a type provided for in the same subgroup of groups H01L27/00 - H01L33/00, or in a single subclass of H10K, H10N, e.g. assemblies of rectifier diodes the devices not having separate containers the devices being of a type provided for in group H01L33/00
    • H01L25/0753—Assemblies consisting of a plurality of individual semiconductor or other solid state devices ; Multistep manufacturing processes thereof all the devices being of a type provided for in the same subgroup of groups H01L27/00 - H01L33/00, or in a single subclass of H10K, H10N, e.g. assemblies of rectifier diodes the devices not having separate containers the devices being of a type provided for in group H01L33/00 the devices being arranged next to each other
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60Q—ARRANGEMENT OF SIGNALLING OR LIGHTING DEVICES, THE MOUNTING OR SUPPORTING THEREOF OR CIRCUITS THEREFOR, FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60Q1/00—Arrangement of optical signalling or lighting devices, the mounting or supporting thereof or circuits therefor
    • B60Q1/26—Arrangement of optical signalling or lighting devices, the mounting or supporting thereof or circuits therefor the devices being primarily intended to indicate the vehicle, or parts thereof, or to give signals, to other traffic
    • B60Q1/2696—Mounting of devices using LEDs
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21S—NON-PORTABLE LIGHTING DEVICES; SYSTEMS THEREOF; VEHICLE LIGHTING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLE EXTERIORS
    • F21S4/00—Lighting devices or systems using a string or strip of light sources
    • F21S4/20—Lighting devices or systems using a string or strip of light sources with light sources held by or within elongate supports
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21S—NON-PORTABLE LIGHTING DEVICES; SYSTEMS THEREOF; VEHICLE LIGHTING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLE EXTERIORS
    • F21S43/00—Signalling devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. brake lamps, direction indicator lights or reversing lights
    • F21S43/10—Signalling devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. brake lamps, direction indicator lights or reversing lights characterised by the light source
    • F21S43/13—Signalling devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. brake lamps, direction indicator lights or reversing lights characterised by the light source characterised by the type of light source
    • F21S43/14—Light emitting diodes [LED]
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21S—NON-PORTABLE LIGHTING DEVICES; SYSTEMS THEREOF; VEHICLE LIGHTING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLE EXTERIORS
    • F21S43/00—Signalling devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. brake lamps, direction indicator lights or reversing lights
    • F21S43/10—Signalling devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. brake lamps, direction indicator lights or reversing lights characterised by the light source
    • F21S43/13—Signalling devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. brake lamps, direction indicator lights or reversing lights characterised by the light source characterised by the type of light source
    • F21S43/15—Strips of light sources
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21S—NON-PORTABLE LIGHTING DEVICES; SYSTEMS THEREOF; VEHICLE LIGHTING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLE EXTERIORS
    • F21S43/00—Signalling devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. brake lamps, direction indicator lights or reversing lights
    • F21S43/20—Signalling devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. brake lamps, direction indicator lights or reversing lights characterised by refractors, transparent cover plates, light guides or filters
    • F21S43/235—Light guides
    • F21S43/236—Light guides characterised by the shape of the light guide
    • F21S43/237—Light guides characterised by the shape of the light guide rod-shaped
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21S—NON-PORTABLE LIGHTING DEVICES; SYSTEMS THEREOF; VEHICLE LIGHTING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLE EXTERIORS
    • F21S43/00—Signalling devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. brake lamps, direction indicator lights or reversing lights
    • F21S43/20—Signalling devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. brake lamps, direction indicator lights or reversing lights characterised by refractors, transparent cover plates, light guides or filters
    • F21S43/235—Light guides
    • F21S43/242—Light guides characterised by the emission area
    • F21S43/245—Light guides characterised by the emission area emitting light from one or more of its major surfaces
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21S—NON-PORTABLE LIGHTING DEVICES; SYSTEMS THEREOF; VEHICLE LIGHTING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLE EXTERIORS
    • F21S43/00—Signalling devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. brake lamps, direction indicator lights or reversing lights
    • F21S43/20—Signalling devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. brake lamps, direction indicator lights or reversing lights characterised by refractors, transparent cover plates, light guides or filters
    • F21S43/235—Light guides
    • F21S43/247—Light guides with a single light source being coupled into the light guide
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21S—NON-PORTABLE LIGHTING DEVICES; SYSTEMS THEREOF; VEHICLE LIGHTING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLE EXTERIORS
    • F21S43/00—Signalling devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. brake lamps, direction indicator lights or reversing lights
    • F21S43/20—Signalling devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. brake lamps, direction indicator lights or reversing lights characterised by refractors, transparent cover plates, light guides or filters
    • F21S43/26—Refractors, transparent cover plates, light guides or filters not provided in groups F21S43/235 - F21S43/255
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
    • G02B6/0001—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems
    • G02B6/0011—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems the light guides being planar or of plate-like form
    • G02B6/0013—Means for improving the coupling-in of light from the light source into the light guide
    • G02B6/0015—Means for improving the coupling-in of light from the light source into the light guide provided on the surface of the light guide or in the bulk of it
    • G02B6/002—Means for improving the coupling-in of light from the light source into the light guide provided on the surface of the light guide or in the bulk of it by shaping at least a portion of the light guide, e.g. with collimating, focussing or diverging surfaces
    • G02B6/0021—Means for improving the coupling-in of light from the light source into the light guide provided on the surface of the light guide or in the bulk of it by shaping at least a portion of the light guide, e.g. with collimating, focussing or diverging surfaces for housing at least a part of the light source, e.g. by forming holes or recesses
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
    • G02B6/0001—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems
    • G02B6/0011—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems the light guides being planar or of plate-like form
    • G02B6/0033—Means for improving the coupling-out of light from the light guide
    • G02B6/005—Means for improving the coupling-out of light from the light guide provided by one optical element, or plurality thereof, placed on the light output side of the light guide
    • G02B6/0053—Prismatic sheet or layer; Brightness enhancement element, sheet or layer
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
    • G09F—DISPLAYING; ADVERTISING; SIGNS; LABELS OR NAME-PLATES; SEALS
    • G09F9/00—Indicating arrangements for variable information in which the information is built-up on a support by selection or combination of individual elements
    • G09F9/30—Indicating arrangements for variable information in which the information is built-up on a support by selection or combination of individual elements in which the desired character or characters are formed by combining individual elements
    • G09F9/33—Indicating arrangements for variable information in which the information is built-up on a support by selection or combination of individual elements in which the desired character or characters are formed by combining individual elements being semiconductor devices, e.g. diodes
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21Y—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES F21K, F21L, F21S and F21V, RELATING TO THE FORM OR THE KIND OF THE LIGHT SOURCES OR OF THE COLOUR OF THE LIGHT EMITTED
    • F21Y2115/00—Light-generating elements of semiconductor light sources
    • F21Y2115/10—Light-emitting diodes [LED]
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
    • G02B6/0001—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems
    • G02B6/0011—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems the light guides being planar or of plate-like form
    • G02B6/0065—Manufacturing aspects; Material aspects
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
    • G02B6/0001—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems
    • G02B6/0011—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems the light guides being planar or of plate-like form
    • G02B6/0066—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems the light guides being planar or of plate-like form characterised by the light source being coupled to the light guide
    • G02B6/0068—Arrangements of plural sources, e.g. multi-colour light sources
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L2924/00—Indexing scheme for arrangements or methods for connecting or disconnecting semiconductor or solid-state bodies as covered by H01L24/00
    • H01L2924/0001—Technical content checked by a classifier
    • H01L2924/0002—Not covered by any one of groups H01L24/00, H01L24/00 and H01L2224/00

Abstract

A lighting element comprises a light source (3) and an illustrating optical unit (2) for the light emitted from the light source. The optical unit comprises a flexible, cold formable material which can be shaped to match the surface to which it is to be attached. The optical unit preferably comprises silicone.

Description

Die Erfindung bezieht sich auf Leuchtelemente nach dem Oberbegriff des Anspruchs 1.The invention relates to lighting elements according to the preamble of claim 1.

Derartige Leuchtelemente werden beispielsweise im Bereich der KFZ-Technik überall benötigt, wo Licht erzeugt und abgestrahlt werden soll, beispielsweise für Scheinwerfer, Rücklichter, Bremslichter, Blinker und für die Innenbeleuchtung der Fahrgastzelle sowie zur Beleuchtung von Armaturen und Geräten. Weiterhin werden derartige Leuchtelemente als Beleuchtungskör­ per für Räume, als Warn-, Hinweis- oder Notbeleuch­ tungen oder auch zur ästhetischen Gestaltung von Raumleuchten verwendet.Such lighting elements are used, for example, in Automotive technology needed wherever there is light generated and emitted, for example for headlights, taillights, brake lights, indicators and for the interior lighting of the passenger compartment as well for lighting fittings and devices. Farther such lighting elements as lighting fixtures per for rooms, as warning, information or emergency lighting or for the aesthetic design of Room lights used.

Nach dem Stand der Technik bestehen derartige Leucht­ elemente gewöhnlich aus einer Lichtquelle und einer Abbildungsoptik aus einem Reflektor und einem weite­ ren optischen Element. Als Lichtquelle werden übli­ cherweise herkömmliche Glühlampen benutzt. In neuerer Zeit finden in Scheinwerfern auch Gasentladungslampen und in Bremsleuchten Leuchtdioden als Lichtquellen Verwendung. Der Reflektor besteht gewöhnlich aus ei­ nem Hohlspiegel, der aus mit Chromdampf verspiegeltem harten Material besteht. Das optische Element ist transparent und in Abhängigkeit von der Verwendung strukturiert. Es kann beispielsweise der Vergleich­ mäßigung der Lichtabstrahlung oder auch der Reflexion von von außen auftreffendem Licht dienen. Beispiels­ weise werden bei Rückleuchten optische Elemente ver­ wendet, die Prismen als Tripelspiegel enthalten, so daß das von einem anderen Fahrzeug auf die Rückleuch­ te auftreffende Licht durch die Prismen reflektiert wird. Weiterhin kann durch die Verwendung von Fres­ nel-Strukturen in dem optischen Element ein hoher Wirkungsgrad der Leuchte erreicht werden, wobei dann teilweise auf einen Reflektor verzichtet werden kann.Such lights exist in the prior art elements usually consist of one light source and one Imaging optics from a reflector and a wide one ren optical element. As a source of light,  conventionally used incandescent lamps. In newer ones Gas discharge lamps also find time in headlights and in brake lights LEDs as light sources Use. The reflector is usually made of egg concave mirror, which is made of mirrored with chrome vapor hard material. The optical element is transparent and depending on the use structured. For example, the comparison moderation of light radiation or reflection serve from outside light. Example wise, optical elements are used in rear lights uses prisms as triple mirrors, so that that's from another vehicle on the taillight the incident light is reflected by the prisms becomes. Furthermore, by using Fres structures in the optical element are high Efficiency of the lamp can be achieved, whereby then partially without a reflector can.

Als Materialien für den Reflektor und das optische Element werden herkömmlicherweise Glas, Polycarbona­ te, Polyamide, Polymethylmethacrylat oder auch Acryl­ nitril-Butadien-Styrol-Copolymere verwendet. Bauele­ mente aus diesen Substanzen sind leicht in nahezu beliebiger Form herzustellen und ermöglichen die Bil­ dung unterschiedlichster Leuchtelementformen.As materials for the reflector and the optical Elements are traditionally glass, polycarbonate te, polyamides, polymethyl methacrylate or acrylic nitrile-butadiene-styrene copolymers used. Construction elements from these substances are easily in almost produce any shape and allow the Bil different lighting element shapes.

Diese herkömmlichen KFZ-Leuchtelemente sind mecha­ nisch unflexibel. Die eingesetzten Materialien werden so verarbeitet, daß eine spätere kalte Verformung grundsätzlich nicht möglich ist. Die Form von Reflek­ tor und Optik wird daher schon bei der Fertigung in­ nerhalb enger Toleranzen festgelegt. Wenn dennoch fertigungsbedingte Toleranzen ausgeglichen werden müssen, so wird zwischen dem Leuchtelement und der Fläche, an der es befestigt werden soll, ein verform­ bares Material wie zum Beispiel Gummi eingefügt. Die­ ses Gummi wirkt zusätzlich als Dichtung, um bei­ spielsweise Wassereintritt oder luftströmungsbedingte Geräusche zu verhindern. Es hat jedoch keinerlei Ein­ fluß auf die optischen und/oder mechanischen Eigen­ schaften der Leuchte, auch wenn es mit dieser mecha­ nisch verbunden ist.These conventional automotive lighting elements are mecha niche inflexible. The materials used are processed so that a later cold deformation is fundamentally not possible. The shape of reflect gate and optics is therefore already in the production in within narrow tolerances. If still manufacturing-related tolerances are compensated  need, so between the lighting element and the Surface to which it is to be attached deformed insertable material such as rubber. The This rubber also acts as a seal to for example water ingress or air flow-related To prevent noise. However, it has no one flow on the optical and / or mechanical properties shafts of the lamp, even if it is with this mecha nisch connected.

Aufgrund dieser Inflexibilität der herkömmlichen Leuchtelemente muß beispielsweise bei der Konstruk­ tion von Kraftfahrzeugleuchten eine enge Abstimmung mit der Geometrie der Leuchtenaufnahme im Kraftfahr­ zeug erfolgen. Das heißt, Rückleuchten, Blinkleuchten oder Scheinwerfer müssen exakt in die Konturen von Kotflügel, Kühlergrill bzw. Stoßstangen eingepaßt werden. Bei der Konstruktion von hochgesetzten Brems­ leuchten ist weiterhin eine spezielle Anpassung an die Heckscheibengeometrie nötig. Dadurch ist es nicht einmal möglich, innerhalb einer Modellreihe die glei­ che Leuchte zu verwenden. Es ist vielmehr eine große Variantenzahl nötig, um die speziellen Geometrien von beispielsweise Kombi, Coupe oder Limousine zu berück­ sichtigen.Because of this inflexibility the conventional Luminous elements must, for example, in the construction tion of automotive lights tight coordination with the geometry of the lamp holder in motor vehicles stuff. That is, taillights, turn signals or headlights must fit exactly into the contours of Fenders, grille or bumpers fitted will. When designing high brakes a special adjustment is still on the rear window geometry necessary. It is not that once possible, the same within a model range che lamp to use. Rather, it's a big one Number of variants necessary to match the special geometries of for example station wagon, coupe or sedan sight.

Aufgrund dieser Anpassung der Leuchten an die Kraft­ fahrzeuggeometrie ist es folglich notwendig, für die verschiedenen Kraftfahrzeuge verschiedene Leuchtenmo­ delle zu entwickeln und herzustellen. Dadurch steigt der Kostenaufwand für jede einzelne Leuchteneinheit erheblich an.Because of this adaptation of the lights to the power vehicle geometry it is therefore necessary for the different motor vehicles different lighting mo to develop and manufacture delle. This increases the cost of each individual luminaire unit considerably.

Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung ist es daher, ein Leuchtelement zur Verfügung zu stellen, das der je­ weiligen Geometrie der Leuchtenaufnehmung angepaßt werden kann und das einfach und kostengünstig ent­ wickelt und gefertigt werden kann.The object of the present invention is therefore a To provide lighting element that the ever  adapted geometry of the lamp holder can be easily and inexpensively ent can be wound and manufactured.

Diese Aufgabe wird durch das erfindungsgemäße Leucht­ element nach dem Oberbegriff des Anspruchs 1 in Ver­ bindung mit seinen kennzeichnenden Merkmalen gelöst.This object is achieved by the light according to the invention element according to the preamble of claim 1 in ver bond with its distinctive features.

Dadurch, daß eine flexible, kaltverformbare Abbil­ dungsoptik verwendet wird, kann das erfindungsgemäße Leuchtelement in jede beliebige Leuchtenaufnehmung eingepaßt werden. Diese Anpassung des Leuchtelements an die Oberfläche der Leuchtenaufnehmung, an der das Leuchtelement angebracht wird, kann daher erst nach der Fertigung erfolgen, d. h. eine Kaltverformung des erfindungsgemäßen Leuchtelementes ist aufgrund der flexiblen Optik auch nachträglich und am jeweiligen Befestigungsort möglich. Folglich ist es nicht mehr notwendig, für jede Befestigungsgeometrie ein eigenes Leuchtelement zu entwickeln, sondern das erfindungs­ gemäße Leuchtelement kann unmittelbar für verschiede­ ne Leuchtenaufnehmungen benutzt werden. Dadurch erge­ ben sich Kostenvorteile gegenüber den herkömmlichen Leuchtelementen. Auch wird die Montage der Leuchtele­ mente in den Leuchtenaufnehmungen vereinfacht.The fact that a flexible, cold-deformable Figil tion optics is used, the invention Luminous element in any luminaire holder be fitted. This adjustment of the lighting element to the surface of the lamp holder on which the Luminous element is attached can therefore only after manufacturing, d. H. a cold deformation of the lighting element according to the invention is due to flexible optics also retrospectively and at the respective Mounting location possible. Hence it is no longer necessary, a separate one for each fastening geometry Develop lighting element, but the fiction appropriate lighting element can be used directly for various ne lamp holders are used. As a result cost advantages over the conventional ones Lighting elements. Also the assembly of the lamp elements in the luminaire receptacles simplified.

Bei der KFZ-Herstellung ist es damit nicht mehr nö­ tig, für jeden KFZ-Typ ein besonders geformtes Leuchtelement herzustellen, da die erfindungsgemäßen Leuchtelemente, beispielsweise als Rück- oder Brems­ licht in beliebige Aufnehmungen eingepaßt werden kön­ nen. Als hochgesetzte Bremsleuchte kann das erfin­ dungsgemäße Leuchtelement auch an die Heckscheibe geklebt werden. It is no longer necessary in the manufacture of motor vehicles a specially shaped one for every type of vehicle Manufacture lighting element, since the invention Light elements, for example as a return or brake light can be fitted in any recordings nen. This can be invented as a raised brake light appropriate lighting element also on the rear window be glued.  

Die erfindungsgemäßen Leuchtelemente können insbeson­ dere als Fahrzeugleuchten, Warn-, Hinweis- oder Not­ beleuchtung verwendet werden.The lighting elements according to the invention can in particular others as vehicle lights, warning, information or emergency lighting can be used.

Im Bereich der Warn- und Hinweis leuchten können die erfindungsgemäßen Leuchtelemente beispielsweise an beliebig gekrümmten Wänden, auch übereck, befestigt werden.The can light up in the area of warning and information light elements according to the invention, for example any curved walls, including corners will.

Vorteilhafte Weiterbildungen des erfindungsgemäßen Leuchtelementes werden in den abhängigen Ansprüchen gegeben.Advantageous further developments of the invention Luminous element are in the dependent claims given.

Die Abbildungsoptik kann aus einer flexiblen Folie bestehen, die beispielsweise ein Linsensystem, ein Prismensystem, eine streuende Optik oder auch licht­ leitende Elemente enthält. Dadurch ist es möglich, das von der Lichtquelle ausgehende Licht nach Wunsch zu verteilen, zu konzentrieren oder auch von außen auf das Leuchtelement treffendes Licht, beispielswei­ se über ein Tripelprismensystem, zu reflektieren.The imaging optics can be made of a flexible film exist, for example a lens system, a Prism system, a scattering optic or light contains conductive elements. This makes it possible the light coming from the light source as desired to distribute, concentrate or even from the outside light striking the lighting element, for example via a triple prism system.

Ein besonders flexibles Leuchtelement ergibt sich, wenn eine derartige Folie, die die Abbildungsoptik enthält, mit einer weiteren flexiblen Folie form­ schlüssig verbunden wird, die mit mehreren Leuchtdio­ den als Lichtquelle versehen ist. Es ergibt sich ein flexibler, folienartiger Verbund, der beispielsweise an jeder beliebigen Stelle in die Leuchtenaufnehmun­ gen eines Kraftfahrzeugs eingeklebt werden kann. Wird ein solches Leuchtelement verwendet, ist es bei­ spielsweise auch möglich, für hochgesetzte Rückleuch­ ten immer dasselbe flexible Leuchtelement zu benutzen unabhängig von dem Kraftfahrzeugtyp. A particularly flexible lighting element results if such a film that the imaging optics contains, with another flexible film form is conclusively connected with several light diodes which is provided as a light source. It results in a flexible, film-like composite, for example at any point in the luminaire holder can be glued to a motor vehicle. Becomes used such a light element, it is also possible, for example, for high rear lights always use the same flexible lighting element regardless of the vehicle type.  

Eine derartige Folienanordnung für das Leuchtelement ermöglicht es, die Leuchtelemente flächig in großem Maßstab herzustellen und sich dann, je nach Bedarf, aus einem größeren Nutzen ein für die jeweilige An­ wendung bzw. Leuchtenaufnehmung passendes Leuchtele­ ment zuzuschneiden. Damit lassen sich vor Ort mit geringsten Restmengen die benötigten Leuchtelemente herstellen.Such a film arrangement for the lighting element enables the lighting elements to be large in area Scale and then, as needed, for greater benefit, one for the individual suitable lamp tailor. This allows you to be on site minimum remaining quantities the required lighting elements produce.

Durch die Verwendung geeigneter Polarisationsfilter, Farbfilter, beispielsweise in Form von Filterfolien, farbiger Leuchtdioden oder regelbarer Lichtquellen, kann auf einfache Art und Weise die Lichtintensität sowie die Farbe des erfindungsgemäßen Leuchtelementes den jeweiligen Zwecken angepaßt werden.By using suitable polarization filters, Color filters, for example in the form of filter foils, colored light-emitting diodes or adjustable light sources, can easily adjust the light intensity and the color of the lighting element according to the invention be adapted to the respective purposes.

Im folgenden werden einige Ausführungsformen der vor­ liegenden Erfindung beschrieben.The following are some embodiments of the described invention.

Fig. 1 zeigt ein erfindungsgemäßes Leuchtele­ ment; Fig. 1 shows an illuminating element according to the invention;

Fig. 2 zeigt eine schematische Aufsicht auf das Leuchtelement aus Fig. 1; FIG. 2 shows a schematic plan view of the lighting element from FIG. 1;

Fig. 3 zeigt die elektrische Schaltung des Leuchtelementes aus Fig. 1; Fig. 3 shows the electrical circuit of the lighting element from Fig. 1;

Fig. 4 zeigt ein weiteres erfindungsgemäßes Leuchtelement und Fig. 4 shows a further inventive light-emitting element and

Fig. 5 zeigt ein weiteres erfindungsgemäßes Leuchtelement. Fig. 5 shows a further inventive light-emitting element.

Fig. 1 zeigt ein erfindungsgemäßes Leuchtelement, das aus mehreren Schichten flexibler, biegsamer Materia­ lien aufgebaut ist. Das Leuchtelement besitzt als Lichtquelle matrixartig angeordnete Leuchtdioden (LED) 3, die auf einer Leiterplatte 11 befestigt sind. Die Leiterplatte 11 mit den Leuchtdioden 3 ist von einer flexiblen Schicht 2 bedeckt, die im Bereich der Leuchtdioden 3 konkave Aushöhlungen besitzt, so daß die Schicht 2 im Bereich jeder Leuchtdiode 3 eine plan-konkave Linse bildet. Diese Linse ist in Ab­ strahlungsrichtung der Leuchtdioden mit einer kratz­ festen Vergütungsschicht 1 versehen. Fig. 1 shows a lighting element according to the invention, which is composed of several layers of flexible, pliable materials. The light-emitting element has light-emitting diodes (LED) 3 which are arranged in a matrix-like manner and which are fastened on a printed circuit board 11 . The circuit board 11 with the light-emitting diodes 3 is covered by a flexible layer 2 which has concave cavities in the area of the light-emitting diodes 3 , so that the layer 2 forms a plane-concave lens in the area of each light-emitting diode 3 . This lens is provided in the radiation direction from the light-emitting diodes with a scratch-resistant coating layer 1 .

Auf der den Leuchtdioden 3 abgewandten Seite der Lei­ terplatte 11 befindet sich eine Schutzschicht 4 aus Lack, in die in regelmäßigen Abständen Kontaktie­ rungsflächen 5 zur Energieversorgung der Leuchtdioden 3 eingebettet sind. Diese Kontaktierungsflächen 5 sind über einen leitfähigen Klebstoff 7 mit Kontakt­ stellen 8 am Leuchtenträger 10 verbunden, wobei die Kontaktstellen 8 in elektrischem Kontakt mit den Stromzuführungen für das Leuchtelement stehen. Im Bereich zwischen den Kontaktflächen 5 schließt sich an die Lackschicht 4 eine Klebstoffschicht 6 an, die beispielsweise aus einem doppelseitigen Klebeband bestehen kann. Über diese Klebstoffschicht 6 ist das Leuchtelement mit dem Leuchtenträger 10 verbunden.On the side facing away from the light-emitting diodes 3 of the printed circuit board 11 there is a protective layer 4 of lacquer, in which contact surfaces 5 for embedding the light-emitting diodes 3 are embedded at regular intervals. These contacting surfaces 5 are connected to contact points 8 on the light carrier 10 via a conductive adhesive 7 , the contact points 8 being in electrical contact with the current leads for the light element. In the area between the contact surfaces 5 , the lacquer layer 4 is followed by an adhesive layer 6 , which can consist, for example, of a double-sided adhesive tape. The lighting element is connected to the lighting support 10 via this adhesive layer 6 .

Erfindungsgemäß besteht die Leiterplatte 11 aus z. B. Polyimid-, Capton-, Polyester-Folie und die Linse 2 besteht ebenfalls aus flexiblem, transparentem Kunst­ stoffmaterial. Die Vergütungsschicht 1, die Lack­ schicht 4 sowie die Klebstoffschicht 6 sind sehr dünn und ebenfalls flexibel, so daß das erfindungsgemäße Leuchtelement sich jeder beliebigen Krümmung des Leuchtenträgers 10 anschmiegt.According to the circuit board 11 consists of z. B. polyimide, Capton, polyester film and the lens 2 is also made of flexible, transparent plastic material. The coating layer 1 , the lacquer layer 4 and the adhesive layer 6 are very thin and also flexible, so that the lighting element according to the invention conforms to any curvature of the light carrier 10 .

Fig. 2 zeigt eine schematische Aufsicht auf das Leuchtelement aus Fig. 1. Die Leuchtdioden 3 sind in regelmäßiger Anordnung auf der flexiblen Leiterplatte angeordnet. Die einzelnen Leuchtdioden 3 sind weiter­ hin von der Schicht 2 bedeckt, die in Abstrahlungs­ richtung der Leuchtdioden für jede Leuchtdiode 3 eine plan-konkave Linse bildet. Diese plan-konkave Linse führt zu einer Streuung und Orientierung der Abstrah­ lungsrichtung der ausgesandten Lichtstrahlen, so daß sich eine breite Richtungscharakteristik der Ab­ strahlung des erfindungsgemäßen Leuchtelementes er­ gibt. FIG. 2 shows a schematic top view of the lighting element from FIG. 1. The light-emitting diodes 3 are arranged in a regular arrangement on the flexible printed circuit board. The individual light emitting diodes 3 are further covered by the layer 2 , which forms a plane-concave lens for each light emitting diode 3 in the direction of radiation of the light emitting diodes. This plane-concave lens leads to scattering and orientation of the radiation direction of the emitted light rays, so that there is a broad directional characteristic of the radiation from the lighting element according to the invention.

Die einzelnen Leuchtdioden können sowohl parallel als auch seriell miteinander verschaltet werden.The individual LEDs can be both parallel and can also be connected in series.

Fig. 3 zeigt eine Schaltanordnung, bei der jeweils drei Leuchtdioden 3 miteinander in Serie geschaltet sind und wobei jeweils mehrere derartige Serienschaltungen wiederum parallel zueinander elektrisch ver­ schaltet sind. Weiterhin liegt in Serie zu jeweils einer Dreieranordnung von Leuchtdioden 3 ein Wider­ stand 12, der der Strombegrenzung dient. Die gesamte in Fig. 3 gezeigte Anordnung ist über die Leitung 9 mit der Energieversorgung des Leuchtelementes verbun­ den. Fig. 3 shows a switching arrangement in which three light-emitting diodes 3 are connected in series with each other and in each case several such series connections are in turn electrically connected in parallel to each other. Furthermore, a counter stood 12 , which serves to limit the current, is in series with a three-way arrangement of light-emitting diodes 3 . The entire arrangement shown in FIG. 3 is connected via line 9 to the energy supply of the lighting element.

Bei geeigneter Anordnung der Stromversorgung und bei geeigneter Verschaltung der Leuchtdioden 3 ist es möglich, großflächig Leuchtelemente herzustellen, aus denen durch eine geeignete Schnittführung die der jeweiligen Anwendung entsprechenden kleineren Leucht­ elemente ausgeschnitten werden können.With a suitable arrangement of the power supply and with a suitable connection of the light-emitting diodes 3 , it is possible to produce large-area lighting elements from which the smaller lighting elements corresponding to the respective application can be cut out by means of a suitable cut.

Die in Fig. 1 gezeigten Leuchtelemente können bei­ spielsweise zur Notbeleuchtung oder auch als Hinweis­ leuchten verwendet werden. Dabei können diese Leucht­ elemente beispielsweise an Wänden angeklebt werden, wobei sie auch um Ecken etc. des Gebäudes herum ange­ bracht werden können. Daher eignen sie sich bei­ spielsweise auch als leuchtende Hinweispfeile auf Fluchtwege etc.The lighting elements shown in Fig. 1 can be used for example for emergency lighting or as a warning light. These lighting elements can be glued to walls, for example, whereby they can also be placed around corners etc. of the building. Therefore, they are also suitable for example as illuminated arrows on escape routes etc.

Die erfindungsgemäßen Leuchtelemente aus Fig. 1 kön­ nen nicht nur an den Leuchtenträger 10 angeklebt wer­ den sondern sie können auch mit Rastnasen versehen werden, so daß sie in entsprechend vorbereitete Leuchtenträger eingeklipst werden können.The light-emitting elements according to the invention from FIG. 1 NEN Kgs not adhered only to the light carrier 10 to who but they can also be provided with detents, so that they can be clipped into appropriately prepared light carrier.

Das Leuchtelement aus Fig. 1 zeichnet sich durch eine besonders flache bzw. flächenhafte Bauweise aus und stellt eine verteilte Lichtquelle dar. Vorteilhaft an diesem Leuchtelement ist auch, daß durch Verformung des Leuchtelementes die Abstrahlcharakteristik belie­ big geändert werden kann. Weiterhin ist bei derarti­ gen flexiblen Leuchtelementen die Gefahr eines Bru­ ches bei Gewalteinwirkung stark verringert.The light-emitting element from FIG. 1 is characterized by a particularly flat or planar construction and represents a distributed light source. Another advantage of this light-emitting element is that by deforming the light-emitting element, the radiation characteristic can be changed in any way. Furthermore, in the case of flexible lighting elements of this type, the risk of a break when subjected to violence is greatly reduced.

Fig. 4 zeigt ein weiteres erfindungsgemäßes flexibles Leuchtelement, das aus einem Lichtleiter 2, z. B. einer lichtleitenden Platte oder Band, deren Bauhöhe geringer ist als ihre Länge und Breite, und minde­ stens einer Leuchtdiode 4 als Lichtquelle besteht. Die Leuchtdiode 4 speist ihr Licht an einem Ende des Lichtleiters in den Lichtleiter 2 ein. Diese Leucht­ diode 4 ist an einer Leiterplatte 5 als Verbindungs­ stück zu Energieversorgungsleitungen 6 angebracht. Fig. 4 shows another flexible lighting element according to the invention, which consists of a light guide 2 , z. B. a light-conducting plate or tape, the height of which is less than its length and width, and at least one light-emitting diode 4 as a light source. The light-emitting diode 4 feeds its light into the light guide 2 at one end of the light guide. This light emitting diode 4 is attached to a circuit board 5 as a connection piece to power supply lines 6 .

Der Lichtleiter 2 ist so ausgebildet, daß er entlang seiner Längserstreckung und auf einem Teilbereich seines Umfangs reflektierend ist. Eine derartige re­ flektierende Fläche kann beispielsweise durch eine entsprechende totalreflektierende Beschichtung oder durch eine entsprechende Führung des Brechungsindexes erreicht werden. Entlang seiner Längsrichtung besitzt der Lichtleiter 3 jedoch in einem bestimmten Winkel­ bereich auf seinem Umfang eine nicht- bzw. lediglich teilreflektierende Fläche. Diese die größte Oberflä­ che des Lichtleiters besitzende Fläche strahlt nun das in den Lichtleiter 3 eingespeiste Licht 7 ab.The light guide 2 is designed such that it is reflective along its longitudinal extent and on a partial area of its circumference. Such a reflective surface can be achieved, for example, by an appropriate total reflective coating or by appropriate guidance of the refractive index. Along its longitudinal direction, however, the light guide 3 has a non-reflecting or only partially reflecting surface in a certain angular range on its circumference. This surface having the largest surface of the light guide now emits the light 7 fed into the light guide 3 .

Der Lichtleiter 2 stellt folglich ein flexibles Leuchtband oder eine Leuchtplatte mit gerichteter Abstrahlcharakteristik dar. Aufgrund seiner Flexibi­ lität kann er ebenfalls an jede beliebige Oberflä­ chenkontur angepaßt werden.The light guide 2 thus represents a flexible light strip or a light plate with directed radiation characteristics. Because of its flexibility, it can also be adapted to any surface contour.

Ein weiteres Beispiel eines erfindungsgemäßen Leucht­ elementes ist in Fig. 5 dargestellt. Eine herkömmli­ che Glühlampe 5 ist über eine Lampenfassung 4 an ei­ nem Reflektor 2 befestigt. In Abstrahlrichtung der Glühlampe 5 und des Reflektors 2 befindet sich eine Linse 1 aus Silikon, die die gewünschte Abstrahlcha­ rakteristik erzeugt. Silikon hat sich für flexible Abbildungsoptiken als besonders geeignet erwiesen. Der Reflektor 2 besteht aus Gummi und weist eine re­ flektierenden Oberfläche 3 auf.Another example of a lighting element according to the invention is shown in Fig. 5. A conventionally che incandescent lamp 5 is attached to a reflector 2 via a lamp holder 4 . In the radiation direction of the incandescent lamp 5 and the reflector 2 there is a lens 1 made of silicone, which produces the desired radiation characteristic. Silicone has proven to be particularly suitable for flexible imaging optics. The reflector 2 is made of rubber and has a reflective surface 3 .

Dadurch, daß der Reflektor 2 aus z. B. weichem Gummi und die Linse 1 aus Silikon gefertigt sind, sind bei­ de Elemente der Abbildungsoptik dieses Leuchtelemen­ tes flexibel und passen sich der jeweiligen Krümmung einer Leuchtenaufnehmung an. Das in Fig. 5 gezeigte Leuchtelement ist folglich ebenfalls flexibel und kann daher in Leuchtenaufnehmungen eingepaßt werden, ohne daß bei der Herstellung eine genaue Abstimmung der Kontur der Leuchtenaufnehmung und der Außenkontur des Leuchtelementes nötig wäre.The fact that the reflector 2 from z. B. soft rubber and the lens 1 are made of silicone, are de elements of the imaging optics this Leuchtelemen tes flexible and adapt to the respective curvature of a lamp holder. The lighting element shown in FIG. 5 is consequently also flexible and can therefore be fitted into luminaire receptacles without the need for precise coordination of the contour of the luminaire receptacle and the outer contour of the lighting element during manufacture.

Claims (14)

1. Leuchtelement mit zumindest einer Lichtquelle (3) und einer Abbildungsoptik (2) für das von der Lichtquelle (3) emittierte Licht, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Abbildungsoptik (2) aus flexiblem, kalt­ verformbarem Material besteht und ihre Oberflä­ che zur Befestigung an Flächen mit variablen Krümmungsradien anformbar ist.1. Luminous element with at least one light source ( 3 ) and an imaging optics ( 2 ) for the light emitted by the light source ( 3 ), characterized in that the imaging optics ( 2 ) consists of flexible, cold-deformable material and their surface for attachment to Surfaces with variable radii of curvature can be formed. 2. Leuchtelement nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekenn­ zeichnet, daß die Abbildungsoptik (2) aus einer flexiblen Folie besteht.2. Luminous element according to claim 1, characterized in that the imaging optics ( 2 ) consists of a flexible film. 3. Leuchtelement nach mindestens einem der vorher­ gehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Abbildungsoptik (2) aus Silikon besteht.3. Luminous element according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the imaging optics ( 2 ) consists of silicone. 4. Leuchtelement nach mindestens einem der vorher­ gehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Abbildungsoptik lichtleitende Elemente und/oder ein Linsensystem und/oder eine Streu­ optik und/oder ein Prismensystem enthält.4. Light element according to at least one of the previously outgoing claims, characterized in that the imaging optics light-guiding elements and / or a lens system and / or a litter contains optics and / or a prism system. 5. Leuchtelement nach mindestens einem der vorher­ gehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Lichtquelle (3) mit der Abbildungsoptik (2) formschlüssig verbunden ist.5. Luminous element according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the light source ( 3 ) with the imaging optics ( 2 ) is positively connected. 6. Leuchtelement nach mindestens einem der vorher­ gehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Lichtquelle mindestens eine Leuchtdiode (3) aufweist. 6. Luminous element according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the light source has at least one light-emitting diode ( 3 ). 7. Leuchtelement nach Anspruch 2 und 6, dadurch ge­ kennzeichnet, daß eine auf einer Folie (11) an­ gebrachte Leuchtdiodenanordnung (3) und eine Abbildungsoptik (2) aus einer flexiblen Folie miteinander verbunden sind.7. Luminous element according to claim 2 and 6, characterized in that a on a film ( 11 ) brought to light-emitting diode arrangement ( 3 ) and an imaging optics ( 2 ) are interconnected from a flexible film. 8. Leuchtelement nach Anspruch 7, dadurch gekenn­ zeichnet, daß die Leuchtdiodenanordnung (11, 3) mit einer flexiblen Leiterplatte (11) verbunden bzw. auf dieser angeordnet ist.8. Luminous element according to claim 7, characterized in that the light-emitting diode arrangement ( 11 , 3 ) with a flexible printed circuit board ( 11 ) is connected or arranged on this. 9. Leuchtelement nach mindestens einem der Ansprü­ che 4 bis 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Abbildungsoptik aus einem Lichtleiter besteht, der an mindestens einem seiner Enden mit minde­ stens einer Lichtquelle verbunden ist und dessen Abstrahlcharakteristik eine Abstrahlung entlang seiner Längserstreckung und in zumindest einer Richtung quer zu seiner Längserstreckung auf­ weist.9. Luminous element according to at least one of the claims che 4 to 6, characterized in that the Imaging optics consists of a light guide, which has at least one end with at least least one light source is connected and its Radiation characteristic along a radiation its longitudinal extent and in at least one Direction across to its longitudinal extent points. 10. Leuchtelement nach mindestens einem der Ansprü­ che 7 und 8, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß auf der der Abstrahlungsseite der Abbildungsoptik abge­ wandten Seite der Leuchtdiodenanordnung Kontak­ tierungsstellen für die elektrische Versorgung der Lichtquelle angeordnet sind.10. Luminous element according to at least one of the claims che 7 and 8, characterized in that on the the radiation side of the imaging optics turned side of the LED arrangement contact tation points for the electrical supply the light source are arranged. 11. Leuchtelement nach mindestens einem der vorher­ gehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß an ihm vom Leuchtelement abstehende Rastnasen angeordnet sind.11. Light element according to at least one of the previously outgoing claims, characterized in that detents protruding from it from the light element are arranged. 12. Leuchtelement nach mindestens einem der vorher­ gehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Abbildungsoptik auf ihrer Abstrahlungsseite mit einer Schutzschicht bedeckt ist.12. Light element according to at least one of the previously outgoing claims, characterized in that  the imaging optics on their radiation side is covered with a protective layer. 13. Leuchtelement nach mindestens einem der vorher­ gehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Lichtquelle und/oder die Abbildungsoptik farbselektive Elemente aufweisen.13. Luminous element according to at least one of the previously outgoing claims, characterized in that the light source and / or the imaging optics have color-selective elements. 14. Verwendung eines Leuchtelementes nach mindestens einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche als Fahrzeug­ leuchte, Warn-, Hinweis- oder Notbeleuchtung.14. Use of a lighting element after at least one of the preceding claims as a vehicle light, warning, information or emergency lighting.
DE19621148A 1996-05-14 1996-05-14 Lighting element, especially e.g. for use in motor vehicles Withdrawn DE19621148A1 (en)

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DE19621148A DE19621148A1 (en) 1996-05-14 1996-05-14 Lighting element, especially e.g. for use in motor vehicles
NL1003152A NL1003152C1 (en) 1996-05-14 1996-05-17 Flexible lamp.

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DE19621148A DE19621148A1 (en) 1996-05-14 1996-05-14 Lighting element, especially e.g. for use in motor vehicles
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