DE19618597B4 - Method for determining the concentration of tissue glucose - Google Patents
Method for determining the concentration of tissue glucose Download PDFInfo
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- DE19618597B4 DE19618597B4 DE19618597A DE19618597A DE19618597B4 DE 19618597 B4 DE19618597 B4 DE 19618597B4 DE 19618597 A DE19618597 A DE 19618597A DE 19618597 A DE19618597 A DE 19618597A DE 19618597 B4 DE19618597 B4 DE 19618597B4
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
- A61B5/145—Measuring characteristics of blood in vivo, e.g. gas concentration, pH value; Measuring characteristics of body fluids or tissues, e.g. interstitial fluid, cerebral tissue
- A61B5/1486—Measuring characteristics of blood in vivo, e.g. gas concentration, pH value; Measuring characteristics of body fluids or tissues, e.g. interstitial fluid, cerebral tissue using enzyme electrodes, e.g. with immobilised oxidase
- A61B5/14865—Measuring characteristics of blood in vivo, e.g. gas concentration, pH value; Measuring characteristics of body fluids or tissues, e.g. interstitial fluid, cerebral tissue using enzyme electrodes, e.g. with immobilised oxidase invasive, e.g. introduced into the body by a catheter or needle or using implanted sensors
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
- A61B5/145—Measuring characteristics of blood in vivo, e.g. gas concentration, pH value; Measuring characteristics of body fluids or tissues, e.g. interstitial fluid, cerebral tissue
- A61B5/14525—Measuring characteristics of blood in vivo, e.g. gas concentration, pH value; Measuring characteristics of body fluids or tissues, e.g. interstitial fluid, cerebral tissue using microdialysis
- A61B5/14528—Measuring characteristics of blood in vivo, e.g. gas concentration, pH value; Measuring characteristics of body fluids or tissues, e.g. interstitial fluid, cerebral tissue using microdialysis invasively
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
- A61B5/145—Measuring characteristics of blood in vivo, e.g. gas concentration, pH value; Measuring characteristics of body fluids or tissues, e.g. interstitial fluid, cerebral tissue
- A61B5/14532—Measuring characteristics of blood in vivo, e.g. gas concentration, pH value; Measuring characteristics of body fluids or tissues, e.g. interstitial fluid, cerebral tissue for measuring glucose, e.g. by tissue impedance measurement
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
- A61B5/68—Arrangements of detecting, measuring or recording means, e.g. sensors, in relation to patient
- A61B5/6846—Arrangements of detecting, measuring or recording means, e.g. sensors, in relation to patient specially adapted to be brought in contact with an internal body part, i.e. invasive
- A61B5/6847—Arrangements of detecting, measuring or recording means, e.g. sensors, in relation to patient specially adapted to be brought in contact with an internal body part, i.e. invasive mounted on an invasive device
- A61B5/686—Permanently implanted devices, e.g. pacemakers, other stimulators, biochips
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
- A61B5/72—Signal processing specially adapted for physiological signals or for diagnostic purposes
- A61B5/7203—Signal processing specially adapted for physiological signals or for diagnostic purposes for noise prevention, reduction or removal
- A61B5/7207—Signal processing specially adapted for physiological signals or for diagnostic purposes for noise prevention, reduction or removal of noise induced by motion artifacts
Abstract
Verfahren zur Bestimmung der Konzentration von Gewebeglucose, bei welchem eine Perfusionslösung (18) unter Durchströmung einer im Gewebe (10) implantierten Mikrodialysesonde (12) zu einer Meßzelle (14) gefördert wird, wobei der Volumenstrom der Perfusionslösung (18) für die Dauer von Dialyse-Intervallen (T1) gegenüber einem jeweils anschließenden Transportintervall (T2) im Zeitmittel reduziert und das während eines jeden Dialyse-Intervalls (T1) durch die Mikrodialysesonde (12) perfundierte Volumen der Perfusionslösung (18) in dem Transportintervall (T2) zu der Meßzelle (14) weitergefördert wird, und bei welchem der Glucosegehalt der Perfusionslösung (18) im Durchfluß durch die Meßzelle (14) aus kontinuierlich abgetasteten Meßsignalen ermittelt wird, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Perfusionslösung (18) während der Dialyse-Intervalle (T1) jeweils in mehreren, in zeitlichem Abstand (38) voneinander erfolgenden Förderschüben (36) durch die Mikrodialysesonde (12) gefördert wird.Method for determining the concentration of tissue glucose, in which a perfusion solution (18) is conveyed while flowing through a microdialysis probe (12) implanted in the tissue (10) to a measuring cell (14), wherein the volume flow of the perfusion solution (18) for the duration of dialysis Intervals (T 1 ) compared to a respective subsequent transport interval (T 2 ) reduced in the time average and during each dialysis interval (T 1 ) by the microdialysis probe (12) perfused volume of the perfusion solution (18) in the transport interval (T 2 ) is conveyed to the measuring cell (14), and wherein the glucose content of the perfusion solution (18) in the flow through the measuring cell (14) is determined from continuously sampled measuring signals, characterized in that the perfusion solution (18) during the dialysis intervals (T 1 ) in each case in a plurality of, at a time interval (38) from each other taking place delivery batches (36) by the microdialysis probe (12).
Description
Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zur Bestimmung der Konzentration von Gewebeglucose bei welchem eine Perfusionslösung unter Durchströmung einer im Gewebe implantierten Mikrodialysesonde zu einer Meßzelle gefördert wird, wobei der Volumenstrom der Perfusionslösung für die Dauer von DialyseIntervallen gegenüber einem jeweils anschließenden Transportintervall im Zeitmittel reduziert und das während eines jeden Dialyse-Intervalls durch die Mikrodialysesonde perfundierte Volumen der Perfusionslösung in dem Transportintervall zu der Meßzelle weitergefördert wird, und bei welchem der Glucosegehalt der Perfusionslösung im Durchfluß durch die Meßzelle aus kontinuierlich abgetasteten Meßsignalen ermittelt wird.The The invention relates to a method for determining the concentration of tissue glucose in which a perfusion solution while flowing through a in the tissue implanted microdialysis probe is conveyed to a measuring cell, wherein the volume flow of the perfusion solution for the duration of dialysis intervals across from one subsequent each Transport interval reduced in the time average and that during a each dialysis interval perfused by the microdialysis probe Volume of the perfusion solution is conveyed in the transport interval to the measuring cell, and at which the glucose content of the perfusion solution in the Flow through the measuring cell is determined from continuously sampled measurement signals.
Verfahren dieser Art lassen sich vor allem im Bereich der Humanmedizin anwenden, insbesondere zur Blutzuckerüberwachung bei Diabetikern. Ausgangspunkt ist die Erkenntnis, daß der Glucosegehalt der interstitiellen Gewebeflüssigkeit bei geringer zeitlicher Verzögerung eine hohe Korrelation mit dem Blutzuckerspiegel aufweist. Es ist bekannt, die Glucose nach dem Dialyseprinzip zu gewinnen und anschließend den Glucosegehalt mittels en zymatisch-amperometrischer Messungen in einer Durchflußmeßzelle zu bestimmen. Dazu wird an der Dialysemembran der Dialysesonde ein kontinuierlicher Perfusatstrom vorbeigeleitet. Die dabei erzielte Ausbeute hängt wesentlich von der Perfusionsrate ab und liegt in der Regel unter 30%. Entsprechend ungenau ist die Messung, weil Störfaktoren wie Bewegungen des Gewebes und Änderungen der Durchblutung sich stark auf die Ausbeute und damit auf das Meßsignal auswirken. Eine Verringerung der Perfusionsrate bietet keinen Ausweg, da hierdurch die aus der Fließzeit zwischen der Mikrodialysesonde und der Meßstelle resultierende Totzeit entsprechend erhöht wird. Umgekehrt wird bei hoher Durchflußgeschwindigkeit die Totzeit zwar verringert. In gleichem Maße nimmt jedoch die Dialyseausbeute bezogen auf die Volumeneinheit der Perfusionslösung ab. Zudem bildet sich aufgrund des kontinuierlichen Glucoseentzugs ein Glucosegradient in dem die Mikrodialysesonde umgebenden Gewebe aus. Für die Langzeitbehandlung von Diabetikern ist jedoch eine zuverlässige Glucosemessung unabdingbare Voraussetzung, um Insulingaben bedarfsgerecht und gegebenenfalls automatisch dosieren zu können.method of this kind can be used above all in the field of human medicine, especially for blood sugar monitoring in diabetics. The starting point is the recognition that the glucose content of interstitial tissue fluid with little delay has a high correlation with the blood sugar level. It is Known to win the glucose on the dialysis principle and then the Glucose content by enymmatic-amperometric measurements in a flow cell to determine. This is done at the dialysis membrane of the dialysis probe continuous perfusate stream bypassed. The achieved Yield depends significantly depends on the perfusion rate and is usually below 30%. Accordingly, the measurement is inaccurate because of confounding factors like movements of the tissue and changes the blood circulation is strongly on the yield and thus on the measurement signal impact. A reduction in the perfusion rate offers no way out, as a result of the flow time Dead time resulting between the microdialysis probe and the measuring point increased accordingly becomes. Conversely, at high flow rate, the dead time although reduced. Equally However, it takes the dialysis yield relative to the volume unit the perfusion solution from. In addition, due to the continuous glucose deprivation is formed a glucose gradient in the tissue surrounding the microdialysis probe out. For However, the long-term treatment of diabetics is a reliable glucose measurement indispensable prerequisite to insulin doses as needed and if necessary to dose automatically.
Aus
der
Ausgehend hiervon liegt der Erfindung die Aufgabe zugrunde, bei einem Verfahren der eingangs genannten Art eine hohe Zuverlässigkeit und Genauigkeit bei der Glucosebestimmung zu erreichen.outgoing This is the object of the invention in a method of the type mentioned in a high reliability and accuracy to reach the glucose determination.
Zur Lösung dieser Aufgabe wird die im Patentanspruch 1 bzw. 8 angegebene Merkmalskombination vorgeschlagen. Weitere vorteilhafte Ausgestaltungen der Erfindung ergeben sich aus den abhängigen Ansprüchen.to solution This object is achieved in the claim 1 or 8 feature combination proposed. Further advantageous embodiments of the invention arise from the dependent ones Claims.
Dementsprechend wird erfindungsgemäß vorgeschlagen, daß die Perfusionslösung während der Dialyse-Intervalle jeweils in mehreren, in zeitlichem Abstand voneinander erfolgenden Förderschüben durch die Mikrodialysesonde gefördert wird. Dadurch wird der mit Glucose angereicherte Abschnitt der Flüssigkeitssäule verbreitert und entsprechend der Diffusionszerfall während des anschließenden Transportintervalls verringert.Accordingly is proposed according to the invention, that the perfusion during the Dialysis intervals in each case in several, at intervals from each other by taking place promoted the microdialysis probe becomes. This widens the glucose enriched portion of the liquid column and according to the diffusion decay during the subsequent transport interval reduced.
Vorteilhafterweise ist die Meßzelle extrakorporal angeordnet.advantageously, is the measuring cell arranged extracorporeally.
Zur Erzielung einer hohen Ausbeute bei dem Dialysevorgang ist es vorteilhaft, wenn bei jedem Förderschub ein dem Inhalt der Mikrodialysesonde entsprechendes Volumen der Perfusionslösung weitergefördert wird. Eine weitere Verbesserung in dieser Hinsicht läßt sich dadurch erzielen, daß die Förderpausen zwischen den Förderschüben so bemessen werden, daß der Glucosegehalt des momentan in der Mikrodialysesonde befindlichen Volumens der Perfusionslösung an die Konzentration der Gewebeglucose angeglichen wird.to Achieving a high yield in the dialysis process, it is advantageous if every delivery push a volume corresponding to the content of the microdialysis probe perfusion further encouraged becomes. A further improvement in this regard can be achieve that the conveyor breaks between the conveyor spools so dimensioned be that Glucose content of the currently located in the microdialysis probe Volume of the perfusion solution is adjusted to the concentration of tissue glucose.
Vorteilhafterweise wird die Konzentration der Gewebeglucose aus dem Extremwert oder dem Integralwert der während eines jeden Transportintervalls an der Meßzelle erfaßten Meßsignale bestimmt.advantageously, is the concentration of tissue glucose from the extreme value or the integral value of during of each transport interval at the measuring cell detected measuring signals determined.
Aufgrund des peakförmigen Signalverlaufs der Meßsignale ist eine Gültigkeitsprüfung dahingehend möglich, daß der durch den Zeitabstand der Transportintervalle vorgegebene zeitliche Abstand der Extremwerte der Meßsignale überwacht wird.by virtue of of the peak-shaped Signal curve of the measuring signals is a validation to that effect possible, that the by the time interval of the transport intervals predetermined temporal Distance of extreme values of the measuring signals monitored becomes.
Gemäß einer weiteren bevorzugten Aspekt der Erfindung wird die Perfusionslösung vor dem Durchfluß durch die Mikrodialysesonde mit Glucose versetzt, wobei eine vorbestimmte, vorzugsweise im physiologischen Bereich liegende Ausgangskonzentration eingestellt wird. Die Verwendung einer mit Glucose versetzten Ausgangslösung führt an der Dialysemembran in Abhängigkeit von der Glucosekonzentration im Gewebe entweder zu einer entsprechenden Diffusionsanreicherung oder -entreicherung. Demgemäß wird an der Meßzelle entweder eine Signalspitze (Peak) oder eine Signalabsenkung (Dip) in der zeitlichen Abfolge der Meßsignale beobachtet. Die während der Transportintervalle mit höherem Förderstrom durch die Mikrodialysesonde nachfließende Perfusionslösung behält dagegen im wesentlichen ihre Ausgangskonzentration an Glucose bei. Beim nachfolgenden Durchfluß durch die Meßzelle wird somit eine Grundlinie abgetastet, welche die Ausgangskonzentration an Glucose wiederspiegelt.According to a further preferred aspect of the invention, the perfusion solution is before Flow through the microdialysis with glucose added, with a predetermined, preferably in the physiological range starting concentration is set. The use of a glucose-added starting solution leads either to a corresponding diffusion enrichment or depletion on the dialysis membrane as a function of the glucose concentration in the tissue. Accordingly, either a signal peak (peak) or a signal dip (dip) in the time sequence of the measuring signals is observed at the measuring cell. By contrast, the perfusion solution flowing in during the transport intervals with a higher flow rate through the microdialysis probe essentially retains its initial concentration of glucose. In the subsequent flow through the measuring cell thus a baseline is sampled, which reflects the initial concentration of glucose.
Vorteilhafterweise wird die Konzentration der Gewebeglucose aus dem Verhältnis des Extremwerts und des Grundlinienwerts des als Peak oder Dip ausgebildeten Signalverlaufs der Meßsignale, multipliziert mit dem Wert der Glucose-Ausgangskonzentration und gegebenenfalls einem vorgegebenen Kalibrierwert, bestimmt. Damit wird eine ständige Nachkalibrierung der Glucose-Meßwerte ermöglicht und eine eventuelle Drift im Signalverlauf kompensiert. Auf diese Weise lassen sich Meßartefakte ausschließen, die beispielsweise durch Förderausfälle oder Störungen an der Meßzelle auftreten können.advantageously, is the concentration of tissue glucose from the ratio of Extreme value and the baseline value of the peak or dip formed Waveform of the measured signals, multiplied with the value of the starting glucose concentration and optionally a predetermined calibration value determined. This will be a permanent recalibration the glucose readings allows and any drift in the signal path compensated. In this way can be measured artifacts exclude, for example, through loss of supply or disorders at the measuring cell may occur.
Weiter ist es von Vorteil, wenn der Signalverlauf der Meßsignale zur Gültigkeitsprüfung des ermittelten Glucosegehalts ausgewertet wird, wobei bei einem im Vergleich zur eingestellten Glucose-Ausgangskonzentration höheren Konzentrationswert ein Peak und bei einem geringeren Konzentrationswert ein Dip als gültige Signalform erwartet wird. Damit ist eine zuverlässige qualitative Überprüfung der Messung möglich.Further it is advantageous if the waveform of the measuring signals for validation of the evaluated glucose content is evaluated, wherein at an im Comparison with the adjusted glucose output concentration higher concentration value a peak and at a lower concentration value a dip than valid Signal shape is expected. This is a reliable qualitative review of Measurement possible.
Eine weitere Erhöhung der Meßsicherheit läßt sich dadurch erreichen, daß die Ausgangskonzentration der Glu cose auf einen Unterzuckerungswert eingestellt wird, und daß bei einem Dip im Signalverlauf der Meßsignale ein Unterzuckerungsalarm ausgelöst wird. Grundsätzlich ist es auch möglich, die Ausgangskonzentration der Glucose phasenweise alternierend, beispielsweise durch eine Ventilumschaltung, auf einen Unterzuckerungswert und einen Überzuckerungswert einzustellen, wobei bei einem Dip während der Phase der eingestellten Unterzuckerungskonzentration und bei einem Peak während der Phase der eingestellten Überzuckerungskonzentration ein Warnsignal ausgelöst wird.A further increase the reliability can be achieve that the Initial concentration of glucose to an undersaturation value is set, and that at a dip in the waveform of the measuring signals a hyposorbing alarm is triggered. in principle it is also possible alternating the initial concentration of glucose alternately in phases, for example, by a valve switching, to a hyposuggestion value and a saccharification value to adjust, with a dip during the phase of the set Hypose concentration and at one peak during the Phase of the set over-sugar concentration a warning signal is triggered becomes.
Eine qualitative Mustererkennung im Signalverlauf der Meßsignale läßt sich auf einfache Weise dadurch realisieren, daß die im Zeitabstand der Transportintervalle erfaßten Extremwerte mit dem jeweils zugeordneten Grundlinienwert verglichen werden, wobei bei einem im Vergleich zum Grundlinienwert größeren Extremwert ein Peak und bei einem kleineren Extremwert ein Dip als Signalform erkannt wird.A qualitative pattern recognition in the waveform of the measured signals let yourself realize in a simple manner that the at intervals of the transport intervals detected Extreme values compared with the respectively assigned baseline value being at a greater extreme value compared to the baseline value a peak and at a smaller extreme a dip as a waveform is recognized.
Im folgenden wird die Erfindung anhand eines in der Zeichnung in schematischer Weise dargestellten Ausfüh rungsbeispiels näher erläutert. Es zeigenin the The following is the invention with reference to a schematic in the drawing Manner illustrated Ausfüh tion explained in more detail. It demonstrate
Das
erfindungsgemäße Verfahren
zur subkutanen Messung der Gewebeglucose beruht auf dem Prinzip
der Mikrodialyse-Technik und läßt sich mit
einer in
Beim
Durchfluß der
Perfusionslösung
Erfindungsgemäß erfolgt
die Förderung
der Perfusionslösung
Das
in der Sonde
Eine
verbesserte Auswertemöglichkeit
insbesondere hin sichtlich einer Überwachung
der Signaldrift und Signalgültigkeit
bietet sich dadurch, daß die
in dem Reservoir
Die
Signalgültigkeit
kann durch eine einfache Mustererkennung überwacht werden. Bei einem
im Vergleich zur eingestellten Konzentration höheren Glucosegehalt des Gewebes
Gehalt
ein Dip. Eine beispielsweise aufgrund einer Nullpunktsdrift abweichende
Signalform kann auf diese Weise als ungültig erkannt werden. Damit ist
es auch möglich,
den Glucosespiegel eines Patienten in einem quantitativ vorgegebenen
Bereich durch einfache qualitative Ver gleichsmessungen zu überwachen.
Beispielsweise kann die Ausgangskonzentration der Glucose in der
Perfusionslösung
Die Erkennung der Signalform beschränkt sich dabei auf die Erfassung von jeweils zwei Meßwerten, nämlich einem der hohen Glucoseausbeute während der Dialyse-Intervalle T1 zugeordneten Extremwert, und einem der geringen Glucoseausbeute (aufgrund hohem Volumenstrom V .1) während der Transportintervalle T2 zugeordneten Grundlinienwert. Die beiden Meßwerte können jeweils zu vorgegebenen Zeitpunkten im Zeitabstand T1 + T2 abgetastet werden, wobei bei einem im Vergleich zum Grundlinienwert größeren Extremwert ein Peak und bei einem kleineren Extremwert ein Dip als Signalform angenommen wird.The detection of the waveform is limited to the detection of two measured values, namely, a high glucose yield during the dialysis intervals T 1 associated extreme value, and one of the low glucose yield (due to a high volume flow V. 1) assigned during the transport intervals T 2 baseline value , The two measured values can each be sampled at predetermined times at the time interval T 1 + T 2 , wherein a peak is assumed as a signal shape at a larger extreme value compared to the baseline value and a dip at a smaller extreme value.
Zusammenfassend ist folgendes festzustellen: Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zur Bestimmung der Gewebeglucose, bei welchem eine Perfusionslösung als Flüssigkeitssäule unter Durchströmung einer im Gewebe implantierten Mikrodialysesonde zu einer Meßzelle gefördert wird. Dabei. wird zur Erhöhung der Ausbeute, Vermeidung von Konzentrationsgefällen und zur Verringerung der Totzeit vorgeschlagen, daß der Volumenstrom V . der Per fusionslösung für die Dauer von Dialyse-Intervallen T1 im Zeitmittel auf einen Wert V .0 reduziert wird, und daß das während eines jeden Dialyse-Intervalls T1 durch die Mikrodialysesonde perfundierte Volumen der Perfusionslösung in einem jeweils anschließenden Transportintervall T2 mit höherem Volumenstrom V .1 zu der Meßzelle weitergefördert wird.In summary, the following can be stated: The invention relates to a method for determining the tissue glucose, in which a perfusion solution is conveyed as a liquid column while flowing through a microdialysis probe implanted in the tissue to a measuring cell. Here. is proposed to increase the yield, avoiding concentration gradients and to reduce the dead time that the flow rate V. the per fusionslösung for the duration of dialysis intervals T 1 in the time average to a value V. 0 is reduced, and that the volume of the perfusion solution perfused by the microdialysis probe during each dialysis interval T 1 in a respectively subsequent transport interval T 2 with a higher volume flow V. 1 is further conveyed to the measuring cell.
Claims (14)
Priority Applications (7)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE19618597A DE19618597B4 (en) | 1996-05-09 | 1996-05-09 | Method for determining the concentration of tissue glucose |
JP54041897A JP3933206B2 (en) | 1996-05-09 | 1997-03-04 | Determination of glucose concentration in tissue |
US09/147,207 US6091976A (en) | 1996-05-09 | 1997-03-04 | Determination of glucose concentration in tissue |
EP97908169A EP0898459A1 (en) | 1996-05-09 | 1997-03-04 | Determination of glucose concentration in tissue |
PCT/EP1997/001075 WO1997042868A1 (en) | 1996-05-09 | 1997-03-04 | Determination of glucose concentration in tissue |
US09/588,231 US6434409B1 (en) | 1996-05-09 | 2000-06-06 | Determination of glucose concentration in tissue |
JP2007001711A JP4057043B2 (en) | 1996-05-09 | 2007-01-09 | Determination of glucose concentration in tissue |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE19618597A DE19618597B4 (en) | 1996-05-09 | 1996-05-09 | Method for determining the concentration of tissue glucose |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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DE19618597A1 DE19618597A1 (en) | 1997-11-20 |
DE19618597B4 true DE19618597B4 (en) | 2005-07-21 |
Family
ID=7793775
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DE19618597A Expired - Fee Related DE19618597B4 (en) | 1996-05-09 | 1996-05-09 | Method for determining the concentration of tissue glucose |
Country Status (5)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (2) | US6091976A (en) |
EP (1) | EP0898459A1 (en) |
JP (2) | JP3933206B2 (en) |
DE (1) | DE19618597B4 (en) |
WO (1) | WO1997042868A1 (en) |
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GB9320850D0 (en) * | 1993-10-09 | 1993-12-01 | Terwee Thomas H M | Monitoring the concentration of a substance or a group of substances in a body fluid of a human or an animal |
EP0649628B1 (en) * | 1993-10-22 | 1999-01-07 | Siemens-Elema AB | Processes and devices for continuously monitoring levels of anolyte |
US5441481A (en) * | 1994-05-27 | 1995-08-15 | Mishra; Pravin | Microdialysis probes and methods of use |
-
1996
- 1996-05-09 DE DE19618597A patent/DE19618597B4/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
1997
- 1997-03-04 WO PCT/EP1997/001075 patent/WO1997042868A1/en active Application Filing
- 1997-03-04 US US09/147,207 patent/US6091976A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1997-03-04 JP JP54041897A patent/JP3933206B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1997-03-04 EP EP97908169A patent/EP0898459A1/en not_active Withdrawn
-
2000
- 2000-06-06 US US09/588,231 patent/US6434409B1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2007
- 2007-01-09 JP JP2007001711A patent/JP4057043B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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DE4130742A1 (en) * | 1991-09-16 | 1993-03-18 | Inst Diabetestechnologie Gemei | METHOD AND ARRANGEMENT FOR DETERMINING THE CONCENTRATION OF INGREDIENTS IN BODY LIQUIDS |
DE4401400A1 (en) * | 1994-01-19 | 1995-07-20 | Ernst Prof Dr Pfeiffer | Method and arrangement for continuously monitoring the concentration of a metabolite |
DE4426694A1 (en) * | 1994-07-28 | 1996-02-08 | Eppendorf Geraetebau Netheler | Measurement of concn. of substance in body fluid over long time |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
DE19618597A1 (en) | 1997-11-20 |
WO1997042868A1 (en) | 1997-11-20 |
JP2000510588A (en) | 2000-08-15 |
JP3933206B2 (en) | 2007-06-20 |
EP0898459A1 (en) | 1999-03-03 |
US6091976A (en) | 2000-07-18 |
JP2007209745A (en) | 2007-08-23 |
JP4057043B2 (en) | 2008-03-05 |
US6434409B1 (en) | 2002-08-13 |
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