DE19545167A1 - Method of manufacturing a prototype component or tool from a stereo-sintered polystyrene pattern - Google Patents

Method of manufacturing a prototype component or tool from a stereo-sintered polystyrene pattern

Info

Publication number
DE19545167A1
DE19545167A1 DE19545167A DE19545167A DE19545167A1 DE 19545167 A1 DE19545167 A1 DE 19545167A1 DE 19545167 A DE19545167 A DE 19545167A DE 19545167 A DE19545167 A DE 19545167A DE 19545167 A1 DE19545167 A1 DE 19545167A1
Authority
DE
Germany
Prior art keywords
component
stereo
tool
wax
polystyrene
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
DE19545167A
Other languages
German (de)
Inventor
Wolfgang Wurst
Marvin Kar
Manfred Grueninger
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
HERMANN BUBECK KG MODELL und F
Bayerische Motoren Werke AG
Original Assignee
HERMANN BUBECK KG MODELL und F
Bayerische Motoren Werke AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by HERMANN BUBECK KG MODELL und F, Bayerische Motoren Werke AG filed Critical HERMANN BUBECK KG MODELL und F
Priority to DE19545167A priority Critical patent/DE19545167A1/en
Publication of DE19545167A1 publication Critical patent/DE19545167A1/en
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22CFOUNDRY MOULDING
    • B22C7/00Patterns; Manufacture thereof so far as not provided for in other classes
    • B22C7/02Lost patterns
    • B22C7/023Patterns made from expanded plastic materials
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C64/00Additive manufacturing, i.e. manufacturing of three-dimensional [3D] objects by additive deposition, additive agglomeration or additive layering, e.g. by 3D printing, stereolithography or selective laser sintering
    • B29C64/10Processes of additive manufacturing
    • B29C64/141Processes of additive manufacturing using only solid materials
    • B29C64/153Processes of additive manufacturing using only solid materials using layers of powder being selectively joined, e.g. by selective laser sintering or melting
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C41/00Shaping by coating a mould, core or other substrate, i.e. by depositing material and stripping-off the shaped article; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C41/02Shaping by coating a mould, core or other substrate, i.e. by depositing material and stripping-off the shaped article; Apparatus therefor for making articles of definite length, i.e. discrete articles
    • B29C41/14Dipping a core
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29KINDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
    • B29K2025/00Use of polymers of vinyl-aromatic compounds or derivatives thereof as moulding material

Abstract

Components are tools are manufactured as prototypes using a data record to produce a pattern by stereo-sintering of polystyrene, the pattern being dipped in liquid wax to coat it before applying a ceramic slip and firing the assembly. A blank is precision cast in the cavity formed by out-gassing of the polystyrene. Several patterns can be stereo-sintered to form parts which are assembled to provide the full pattern for coating. Surface contours of the component/tool can be re-machined after the wax-dipping stage.

Description

Die Erfindung bezieht sich auf ein Verfahren zum Herstellen von Bauteilen oder Werkzeugen, wobei insbesondere funktionsfähige Prototypen bzw. Werkzeuge zur Prototypen-Herstellung gemeint sind.The invention relates to a method for producing components or Tools, in particular functional prototypes or tools for Prototype manufacturing are meant.

Bei der Herstellung von funktionsfähigen Prototypen, beispielsweise Zylinderköpfe für Brennkraftmaschinen, mußte bisher vom Formenbauer die entsprechenden For­ men gebaut werden. Sodann wurden mit Hilfe dieser Formen ein Rohling herge­ stellt.In the production of functional prototypes, for example cylinder heads For internal combustion engines, the mold maker had previously men to be built. Then a blank was produced using these molds poses.

Wurden Änderungen am Prototypen-Bauteil notwendig, so mußte der Formen­ bauer in der Regel mehrere Formkästen ändern, da sich eine Änderung selten nur auf einen Formkasten beschränkt. Dadurch verteuerte sich die Herstellung von funktionsfähigen Prototypen ganz erheblich. Daneben benötigte man aufgrund der immer wieder vorgenommenen Änderungen in der Konstruktion mehrere Monate, bis ein funktionsfähiger Prototyp abgegossen war.If changes to the prototype component were necessary, the mold had to builders usually change several mold boxes, since a change rarely changes limited to a molded box. This made the production of functional prototypes quite considerably. In addition, one needed because of the repeated changes in the design for several months, until a working prototype was cast.

Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung ist es, hier Abhilfe aufzuzeigen und ein Ver­ fahren bereitzustellen, mit dem schnell und einfach Prototypen von Bauteilen, aber auch Werkzeugen, hergestellt werden können. The object of the present invention is to provide a remedy here and a ver drive provide, with the quick and easy prototype of components, however also tools can be manufactured.  

Diese Aufgabe wird erfindungsgemäß durch die Merkmale des 1. Anspruchs ge­ löst. Mit diesem Verfahren ist es möglich, innerhalb wesentlich kürzerer Zeit und damit wesentlich preiswerter funktionsfähige Prototypen zu erhalten.This object is achieved according to the invention by the features of claim 1 solves. With this method it is possible to work within a much shorter time and to get functional prototypes much cheaper.

Ausgehend von den CAD-Daten des Bauteils werden diese Daten so aufbereitet, daß sie sich für das Stereosintern eignen. Zum Stereosintern wird Polystyrol ver­ wendet, weil dies rückstandslos beim Brennen der keramischen Schlicke ent­ gast/ausbrennt. Der so geschaffene Hohlraum kann dann im Feingußverfahren mit Aluminium ausgefüllt werden.Based on the CAD data of the component, this data is processed in such a way that they are suitable for stereo sintering. Polystyrene is used for stereo sintering applies because this leaves no residue when burning the ceramic silt guest / burns out. The cavity created in this way can then be used in the investment casting process Aluminum to be filled.

Dieses Verfahren eignet sich nicht nur zur Herstellung von Prototypen-Bauteilen, sondern auch zur Herstellung von Werkzeugen, insbesondere Gießwerkzeugen für den Druckguß und/oder Spritzguß von Prototypen.This process is not only suitable for the production of prototype components, but also for the production of tools, in particular casting tools for die casting and / or injection molding of prototypes.

Je nach Komplexität des Bauteils ist es sinnvoll, dies in mehrere Teilstücke zu zer­ legen und diese dann nach dem Tauchen in Wachs auf einer entsprechenden Vorrichtung zusammenzusetzen.Depending on the complexity of the component, it makes sense to split it into several sections and then place them on an appropriate after dipping in wax Assemble device.

Die Weiterbildung nach Anspruch 3 hat den Vorteil, daß vor dem Zusammensetzen die einzelnen Teilstücke noch nachgearbeitet werden können, so daß Oberflächen­ fehler nahezu ausgeschlossen sind.The development according to claim 3 has the advantage that before assembling the individual sections can still be reworked so that surfaces errors are almost impossible.

Im folgenden wird die Erfindung anhand eines bevorzugten Ausführungsbeispiels schematisiert näher beschrieben. Es stellen dar:In the following the invention is based on a preferred embodiment schematically described in more detail. They represent:

Fig. 1 eine perspektivische Ansicht eines mit Hilfe des Stereosinterns herge­ stellten Bauteils; Fig. 1 is a perspective view of a set Herge using the stereo sintering member;

Fig. 2 ein Bauteil-Teilstück nach dem Tauchen in Wachs; Figure 2 is a part-section after dipping in wax.

Fig. 3 eine perspektivische Ansicht zweier Bauteil-Teilstücke; Fig. 3 is a perspective view of two component portions;

Fig. 4 die Montagevorrichtung zum Zusammensetzen zweier Bauteil-Teil­ stücke; Figure 4 shows the assembly device for assembling two component parts.

Fig. 5 ein Bauteil-Teilstück gegossen und als Modell. Fig. 5 cast a component section and as a model.

Die Herstellschritte gemäß der Erfindung werden im folgenden anhand eines luft­ gekühlten Motorrad-Zylinderkopfes näher erläutert.The manufacturing steps according to the invention are based on an air cooled motorcycle cylinder head explained in more detail.

Als erstes werden die Konstruktionsdaten des Zylinderkopfes so aufbereitet, daß sie sich zum Stereosintern eignen. Um ein Modell aus Polystyrol mit Hilfe des Stereo­ sinterns herzustellen, wird folgendermaßen vorgegangen. Auf einer Metallplatte wird eine Schicht aus Polystyrol-Pulver aufgestreut. Sodann wird mit Hilfe eines Laserstrahls das Polystyrol-Pulver gesintert. Hierzu fährt der Laserstrahl über die Oberfläche an den Stellen, an denen volles Material sein soll. An Stellen, an denen sich Hohlräume befinden, bleibt das unbehandelte Polystyrol-Pulver liegen. Ist das aufgestreute Pulver durch den Laserstrahl gesintert, wird eine neue Schicht Pulver aufgestreut und der Vorgang beginnt von neuem. Auf diese Art und Weise wird ein Bauteil schichtweise hergestellt.First, the design data of the cylinder head are prepared so that they are suitable for stereo sintering. To a model made of polystyrene using the stereo To produce sinters, the procedure is as follows. On a metal plate a layer of polystyrene powder is sprinkled on. Then with the help of a Laser beam sintered the polystyrene powder. For this purpose, the laser beam moves over the Surface where the full material should be. In places where If there are cavities, the untreated polystyrene powder remains. Is this Scattered powder sintered by the laser beam, a new layer of powder sprinkled on and the process begins again. In this way, a Component manufactured in layers.

Nach dem Stereosintern wird das nicht gesinterte Polystyrol-Pulver durch Schütteln oder Klopfen aus dem Bauteil entfernt.After the stereo sintering, the unsintered polystyrene powder is shaken or knock removed from the component.

Je nach Komplexität des Bauteils wird es in mehrere Teilstücke zerlegt, die dann einzelnen mit Hilfe des Stereosinterns hergestellt werden.Depending on the complexity of the component, it is broken down into several sections, which then individual with the help of stereo sintering.

Im vorliegenden Beispiel des Zylinderkopfes werden zwei Hälften hergestellt. Eine fertig (nach dem Stereosintern) hergestellte Hälfte ist in Fig. 1 dargestellt.In the present example of the cylinder head, two halves are produced. A finished half (after stereo sintering) is shown in FIG. 1.

Nach dem Entfernen des losen Polystyrol-Pulvers wird das Bauteil in flüssiges Wachs getaucht, damit eine geschlossene, leicht zu entfernende Oberfläche ent­ steht. Dies ist in Fig. 2 dargestellt. Anschließend wird die Wachsoberfläche eventuell noch von Hand nachgearbeitet.After removing the loose polystyrene powder, the component is dipped in liquid wax so that a closed, easy-to-remove surface is created. This is shown in Fig. 2. The wax surface may then be reworked by hand.

Zwei gewachste Bauteil-Teilhälften sind in Fig. 3 dargestellt. Hier ist auch deutlich die Trennfuge zwischen den Bauteil-Teilstücken erkennbar. Two waxed component part halves are shown in FIG. 3. Here you can also clearly see the parting line between the component parts.

Anschließend werden diese beiden Bauteil-Teilstücke auf einer entsprechenden Vorrichtung lagegenau angebracht und miteinander verklebt. Dies ist in Fig. 4 dargestellt.These two component parts are then attached to a corresponding device in the correct position and glued together. This is shown in FIG. 4.

Nach dem Zusammenfügen der Bauteil-Teilstücke zu einem gesamten Bauteil wird auf die Wachsoberfläche keramische Schlicke aufgebracht. Sobald eine genü­ gende Schichtdicke vorhanden ist, wird das so beschichtete Modell in einen Brenn­ ofen gebracht. Dort wird die Schlicke gebrannt und wird so zu einer harten Kera­ mikschicht. Gleichzeitig wird bei diesen Brenntemperaturen das Polystyrol rück­ standslos ausgebrannt. Der so entstandene Hohlraum ist eine exaktes Abbild des zu fertigenden Bauteils.After joining the component parts to an entire component ceramic silt is applied to the wax surface. As soon as enough layer thickness is present, the model coated in this way is fired brought oven. The silt is burned there and becomes a hard Kera mic layer. At the same time, the polystyrene reverts at these firing temperatures burned out steadily. The resulting cavity is an exact replica of the component to be manufactured.

Anschließend wird im Feinguß dieser Hohlraum mit einer Alumi­ nium/Aluminiumlegierung und/oder einer Stahllegierung ausgefüllt.Then this cavity is made in the investment casting with an aluminum nium / aluminum alloy and / or a steel alloy.

Nach dem Abkühlen des Aluminiums wird die Keramikform zerschlagen, das Guß­ stück gereinigt und in üblicher Weise bearbeitet.After the aluminum has cooled, the ceramic mold is broken, the cast piece cleaned and processed in the usual way.

Fig. 5 zeigt in der rechten Bildhälfte das Polystyrol-Modell-Teilstück. In der linken Bildhälfte ist das fertig im Feinguß aus Aluminium hergestellte Zylinderkopf-Gegen­ teilstück dargestellt. Hier wird deutlich, daß sich beide Teilstücke entsprechen und daß das Polystyrol-Modell originalgetreu umgesetzt wird.5 shows the polystyrene model section in the right half of the figure . In the left half of the picture, the cylinder head counterpart, which is made of precision cast aluminum, is shown. Here it becomes clear that both sections correspond and that the polystyrene model is implemented true to the original.

Dieses Verfahren ist wesentlich schneller als das bisherige Verfahren, da bei einer Konstruktionsänderung nur die Daten für das Stereosintern entsprechend geändert werden müssen. Sodann kann ein neues Polystyrol-Modell mit Hilfe des Stereo­ sinterns hergestellt werden. Anschließend werden die oben beschriebenen Schritte durchgeführt.This method is much faster than the previous method, because with one Design change only changed the data for stereo sintering accordingly Need to become. Then a new polystyrene model with the help of the stereo sintered. Then follow the steps above carried out.

Claims (3)

1. Verfahren zum Herstellen von Bauteilen oder Werkzeugen, bestehend aus der Kombination folgender Schritte:
  • - Anhand eines Datensatzes des Bauteils/Werkzeugs wird durch Stereosintern aus Polystyrol ein Modell des Bauteils/Werkzeugs hergestellt,
  • - das Polystyrol-Modell wird durch Tauchen in flüssiges Wachs mit Wachs überzogen,
  • - auf die Wachsoberfläche wird keramische Schlicke aufgebracht,
  • - das so beschichtete Modell wird gebrannt,
  • - der durch das Ausgasen des Polystyrols entstehende Hohlraum wird im Feinguß-Verfahren ein Rohling gegossen,
  • - der Rohling wird entformt.
1. Method for producing components or tools, consisting of the combination of the following steps:
  • - Using a data record of the component / tool, a model of the component / tool is produced from stereo polystyrene,
  • - the polystyrene model is coated with wax by immersion in liquid wax,
  • - ceramic silt is applied to the wax surface,
  • - the model coated in this way is fired,
  • - the cavity created by the outgassing of the polystyrene is cast in a precision casting process,
  • - The blank is removed from the mold.
2. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß durch das Stereosintern mehrere Teilstücke des Bauteils/Werkzeugs hergestellt werden, die nach dem Tauchen in Wachs zu einem Gesamtbauteil/Werkzeug zusammengesetzt werden.2. The method according to claim 1,  characterized in that by the stereo sintering several sections of the component / tool that are manufactured after diving into Wax to be assembled into an overall component / tool. 3. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß nach dem Tauchen in Wachs die Ober­ flächenkonturen des Bauteils/Werkzeugs nachgearbeitet werden.3. The method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that after dipping in wax the upper surface contours of the component / tool are reworked.
DE19545167A 1995-12-04 1995-12-04 Method of manufacturing a prototype component or tool from a stereo-sintered polystyrene pattern Withdrawn DE19545167A1 (en)

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DE19545167A DE19545167A1 (en) 1995-12-04 1995-12-04 Method of manufacturing a prototype component or tool from a stereo-sintered polystyrene pattern

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DE19800863A1 (en) * 1998-01-13 1999-07-15 Felix Grunewald Kg Process for the production of components, preferably prototypes
DE19927923A1 (en) * 1999-06-18 2000-07-13 Daimler Chrysler Ag Post treatment of sintered polystyrene components, especially models for further processes, by immersing in a warmed infiltration material
DE10223371A1 (en) * 2002-05-25 2003-12-04 Peter Amborn Mold for the production of metallic moldings by casting, hot, warm o. Cold Forming and a method for producing such a mold
DE10336923A1 (en) * 2003-08-07 2005-03-10 B P S Engineering Ges Fuer Umw Blow molding tool manufacture involves rapid prototype production of a mineral based model which is divided and each half is placed in a frame and low melting point alloy cast onto the back
EP1614526A1 (en) * 2004-07-06 2006-01-11 Dr.Ing. h.c.F. Porsche Aktiengesellschaft Method for producing large parts from intermediate parts and for assembling said intermediate parts
DE102007049058A1 (en) 2007-10-11 2009-04-16 Voxeljet Technology Gmbh Material system and method for modifying properties of a plastic component
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US9333709B2 (en) 2010-03-31 2016-05-10 Voxeljet Ag Device and method for producing three-dimensional models
US9403324B2 (en) 2000-09-25 2016-08-02 Voxeljet Ag Method for producing a part using a deposition technique
US20170106595A1 (en) * 2014-03-31 2017-04-20 Voxeljet Ag Method and device for 3d printing using temperature-controlled processing
US9643360B2 (en) 2006-08-20 2017-05-09 Voxeljet Ag Self-hardening material and process for layerwise formation of models
US9770867B2 (en) 2010-12-29 2017-09-26 Voxeljet Ag Method and material system for building models in layers
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US9943981B2 (en) 2013-12-11 2018-04-17 Voxeljet Ag 3D infiltration method
US10052682B2 (en) 2012-10-12 2018-08-21 Voxeljet Ag 3D multi-stage method
US10059062B2 (en) 2012-05-25 2018-08-28 Voxeljet Ag Device for producing three-dimensional models with special building platforms and drive systems
US10059058B2 (en) 2012-06-22 2018-08-28 Voxeljet Ag Device for building a multilayer structure with storage container or filling container movable along the dispensing container
US10213831B2 (en) 2012-11-25 2019-02-26 Voxeljet Ag Construction of a 3D printing device for producing components
US10220568B2 (en) 2013-12-02 2019-03-05 Voxeljet Ag Interchangeable container with moveable side walls
US10220567B2 (en) 2012-03-06 2019-03-05 Voxeljet Ag Method and device for producing three-dimensional models
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US10343301B2 (en) 2013-02-28 2019-07-09 Voxeljet Ag Process for producing a moulding using a water-soluble casting mould and material system for the production thereof
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DE19800863A1 (en) * 1998-01-13 1999-07-15 Felix Grunewald Kg Process for the production of components, preferably prototypes
DE19927923A1 (en) * 1999-06-18 2000-07-13 Daimler Chrysler Ag Post treatment of sintered polystyrene components, especially models for further processes, by immersing in a warmed infiltration material
US10213938B2 (en) 2000-09-25 2019-02-26 Voxeljet Ag Method for producing a part using a deposition technique
US9403324B2 (en) 2000-09-25 2016-08-02 Voxeljet Ag Method for producing a part using a deposition technique
DE10223371A1 (en) * 2002-05-25 2003-12-04 Peter Amborn Mold for the production of metallic moldings by casting, hot, warm o. Cold Forming and a method for producing such a mold
DE10336923A1 (en) * 2003-08-07 2005-03-10 B P S Engineering Ges Fuer Umw Blow molding tool manufacture involves rapid prototype production of a mineral based model which is divided and each half is placed in a frame and low melting point alloy cast onto the back
US8096262B2 (en) 2004-02-19 2012-01-17 Ingo Ederer Method and device for applying fluids
US9463488B2 (en) 2004-02-19 2016-10-11 Voxeljet Ag Method for applying particle material including a metering system and leveling element
EP1614526A1 (en) * 2004-07-06 2006-01-11 Dr.Ing. h.c.F. Porsche Aktiengesellschaft Method for producing large parts from intermediate parts and for assembling said intermediate parts
US9676143B2 (en) 2006-08-10 2017-06-13 Voxeljet Ag Self-hardening material and process for layerwise formation of models
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