DE1775726A1 - Method for the contactless control of directional control valves - Google Patents

Description

Method for the contactless control of directional control valves. The invention relates to a method for controlling directional control valves for air, technical gases and liquids, by means of which reversal processes can be triggered directly and without contact without intermediate elements.

Known, common procedures, the reversal processes by means of air, Making electromagnetism and direct mechanical motion can be described as Combine the combination into a single basic design using the aforementioned method.

There are directional control valves in a wide variety of functional designs known in which the reversal processes by fragrance, electromagnetism or more direct. mechanical movement (ram rollers). These directional control valves differentiate can be divided into two sub-assemblies: one, in which the actual movable control body against the. Pressure of the medium to be controlled the corresponding inlet and outlet bores closes (seat valves).

The second group, the slide valves, is controlled by the control body an axial or rotary slide movement with respect to the inlet and outlet bores the end.

As a rule, in the second group, the pressure of the medium to be controlled has no effect on the force required to switch the gentile or to maintain the respective end position. The following points can generally be listed as deficiencies of these valves : a.) The reversal of the known valve designs can only be carried out without contact with very few types and there are limits to the practical, successful use of such units due to functional reliability, adjustment and setting accuracy, as well as maintenance effort .

b.) A superposition of several different moments, which cause a reversal of the valve are not in the known basic designs given, with the exception of a frequently provided manual override.

The superposition of several different reversing moments is desirable, in order to suppress control commands according to the program or to initiate them earlier.

In principle, a given program of logical yes and no Decisions are completely or partially covered.

c.) position sensitivity installation position is often prescribed. d.) Adjustment and setting sensitivity.

e.) Constant consumption of control air and pressure-dependent reversal processes. f.) In the case of many valve designs, it is necessary to convert to a position for the duration a switchover torque of the same length takes effect (permanent contact) This fact has an effect especially with trestle controls through complex cams, camshafts and drive means negative.

g.) The contactless switching with the known Umateuerverfahren can only be used directly from surfaces and edges of moving aachinontal parts by shallow, inductive or scented probes.

In all: three cases, the functional reliability or the lack of basic prerequisites and, last but not least, the question of effort are decisive, as to whether one of the options mentioned can be successfully implemented. The invention is based on the object of using a reversing method for directional control valves which largely avoids the listed deficiencies.

According to the method according to the invention, the one causing the reversal Control body (piston, valve disc, etc.) magnetically by one or more permanent magnets polarized.

This has the internal magnetic field surrounding the control body Dual function.

First: the fixing of the various switching positions of the control body.

Second: by adding one or more external magnetic fields with the appropriate polarity in the effective area of the internal magnetic field, a spatial change in position of the control element can be brought about and these days in turn fixed.

With this control method there is a corresponding external magnetic pulse sufficient to cause a reversal, regardless of whether this pulse is from comes from a permanent magnet or electromagnet.

Surrounded by the internal magnetic field control body follows the principle, the same polarity magnetic fields repel each other and ungleichgepolte magnetic fields attract each other, the control method of the invention will be explained in the subsequent text and drawings as Ausführungebeiapiel a piston valve.

The tax procedure is based on the same general rule to transfer any other design, Fig. 1 shows the piston valve in sectional view, Fig. 2 shows the piston slide valve in Seitenannioht to Explanation of the operating options.

The piston slide is in the switching position shown in FIG. 1 (1) Consists of 'antimagnetic material, with the permanent magnets embedded in it (2) and (3) in the right switch position.

This switching position is fixed by a magnetic soft iron Amohlgg (4) because a magnetic one is between this and the permanent magnet (2). Partial short circuit forms.

The holding force can be varied in which the ltagnetweieheisen-tnsehlag more or less the permanent magnet (2) can be approximated. The useful flow occurs in this valve position from the inlet (5) via the consumer connection (6) to the consumer.

The consumer connection (6) consists of magnetic soft iron and is wn surrounded by one or more magnetic coils (7).

The anti-magnetic valve housing (8) its piston spool bore is closed with an anti-magnetic housing cover (9) and (10), except the said parts an outlet connection (11y a left adjustable magnetic soft iron stop (12) and an air. pulse connection (13) and (14).

The positions (11, 13, 14) are for increasing the puncture ashes preferably made of antimagnetic material.

The bore (21) in the housing cover (1Q) and the bore (20) in the housing cover (9) are dimensioned in such a way that when air pulses occur via the air pulse connections (13) or (14), a pressure or vacuum peak in the space between the housing cover, Housing and piston valve end face are created, and thus a reversal of the piston valve can be achieved.

The bores (20) and (21) can if there is a possibility of a mechanical actuation is waived, be closed.

A valve operating according to the method according to the invention offers following reversal options: a.) external solenoid actuation.

By approaching an external switching magnet (electric or permanent magnet) of the appropriate polarity from side (15) or (16) into area ( 17), the switching magnet repels one permanent magnet of the piston valve and the other permanent magnet of the piston valve exerts an attractive effect and thus causes a displacement of the piston valve.

The direction of movement of the switching magnet plays a subordinate role Role.

The function of the two permanent magnets in the piston valve (1) can also be fulfilled by a permanent magnet of the appropriate dimensions.

b.), A second external solenoid actuation can be achieved by approaching a external switching magnet (electric or permanent magnet) with the corresponding poiing in the direction (18) or (19) take place from any direction. With this type of actuation occurs either only pushing or only pulling force effect against the piston valve with its magnet system. c.) Pneumatic pulse actuation. , A A compressed air pulse through the air pulse supply (13) or (14) pushes the piston valve into the switch position opposite to the supply of air.

The hoof pulse must be so strong that despite the exhaust air over the bore (20) or (21) a pressure build-up is achieved.

d.) Vacuum pulse actuation.

A suction air pulse through the air pulse connection (13) or (14) sucks the spool to the corresponding switch position.

Despite the supply air, the hoof pulse must be triggered via hole (20) or (21) allow corresponding negative pressure build-up.

Control with vacuum finds its practical limit through the piston area depending on the negative pressure and the force with which the magnetic saga fixation is made.

e.) Electrical actuation.

The reversal takes place here by a current pulse on an or several coils (7) whereby the magnetizable consumer connection (6) in a corresponding 2olung is magnetized.

The switching process is carried out as described under "External solenoid actuation".

f.) Mechanical actuation, This can be done for example by action a pin .which through the bore (19) or (20) the piston valve into the achieve corresponding switching position shifts.

The actuating pin is preferably connected to a corresponding machine part positively or non-positively connected.

This actuation requires a stroke limiter or a spring that absorbs any excess stroke. With all types of actuation, the bracket is fixed by a magnetic partial short circuit between the magnetic soft iron stop (4) or (12) and the permanent magnet (2) or (3). In the case of types of actuation a.) To f.), It applies uniformly that the switching torques to be used must be considerably higher than the magnetic holding forces (Zagenfiaierung), and that each type of actuation can be used in any combination with any other. If a switching process is to be superimposed or suppressed by a logical control decision or the like, then only in the case of permanent contact valves or the possibility that two opposing commands hit the valve at the same time, the superimposed switching process has to be selected higher in its actuating force will.

The changeover options a.) To e.) Trigger a changeover process, which gives the piston valve a spring-like movement characteristic.

The switching forces build up against the magnetic holding forces (fixing the position) like a spring until they are larger than this, around the piston valve to lift off from its magnetic soft iron stop. At the same moment the holding forces decrease progressively as the distance between the piston valve and the magnetic soft iron stop increases off and the piston valve experiences a on its way to the other switching position indirect acceleration.

This behavior can be specifically controlled by the order of magnitude the chosen age force.

The valve described in the previous text is in its basic structure a piston spool three-way valve for impulse actuation.

The structure can be used as a valve for making permanent contact by: Optionally, a correspondingly coordinated permanent magnet stop for a magnetic soft iron Ansahiak and preferably one on the other side. Stop made of anti-magnetic material is used, the characteristic values and operating principles remain with one get such a structure.

Another possibility the one described. Basic structure as a valve To switch to permanent contact, insert a compression spring on one side between. Piston valve and. Housing cover.

The stop pins will then. preferably from antimagnetic Material chosen.

After the difference between three-way valve or other way arrangement is only a mechanical-geometric definition, a description can be dispensed with The described new control method for directional control valves is analogous to to transfer other valve systems not mentioned in the description.

Claims (4)

P atentana p r ühe 1. A method for the contactless control of directional control valves in slide or seat valve arrangements in multi-way and multi-port design for pulse and (or) continuous actuation, characterized in that the path-controlling valve element is magnetically controlled by its own, assigned to it, by one or a plurality of permanent magnets originating magnetic field is polarized and at least one valve reversing option for one or more switching positions is caused by at least one further time-variable magnetic field with variable polarity in direct interaction with the magnetic field assigned to the valve element that controls the path causes a change in the same. 2. Method for the contactless control of directional control valves according to claim 1, characterized in that that the reversal of the valve a by external permanent magnetic fields and (or) e = t-: rne Sheet magnetic fields can take place. 3. A method for the contactless control of laying valves according to claim 1 and 2, characterized in that the reversal of the gentile can be effected via the magnetic reversal by means of hoof pulses and (or) mechanical plungers as an independent reversing process or as a superimposed control process. 4. A method for the non-contact control of Wegerentilen according to claim 1, 2 and 3, characterized in that the layer fixing is achieved by means of magnetic soft iron stops , through the adjustability of which the holding forces can be varied.