DE102010003342B4 - Treadmill device - Google Patents

Abstract

A treadmill apparatus comprising: - a tool base (12; 12a; 12b), - a walk table supported by at least two deflectors (16; 16a; 16b) and having an upper run via at least one directly or indirectly supported on the tool base (12; 12a; 12b) (20; 20a; 20b) guided endless treadmill (14; 14a; 14b) which is preferably driven by a belt drive for circulation around the deflections, - a first sensor device for detecting at least one of a walking or running movement of a subject (25; 25b) on the treadmill (14; 14a; 14b) dependent and / or this characteristic movement amount, wherein the first sensor device is designed for movement as a vertical movement of the subject (25; 25a; 25b) and / or the run table or at least one to detect this vertical movement characterizing size, and - an electronic evaluation unit (28), which is designed or programmed for this, data or measurement signals from the sensor device (22) or the Receive sensor devices and from the data or measurement signals the course or run of the subject (25; 25a; Deriving or extracting characterizing data, characterized in that the evaluation unit (28) is further configured to display or visualize the data characterizing the course of the subject (25; 25a; 25b) on a display, wherein the data characterizing the course of the person (25; 25a; 25b) characterizing the course of movement of the subject (25; 25a; 25b), wherein the electronic evaluation unit is designed to display on the left and right legs of the subject (25; 25a; 25b) associated movement strokes and / or to visualize the running symmetry.

Description

According to a first aspect, the present invention relates to a treadmill apparatus comprising an apparatus base, an endless treadmill guided over at least two deflections and with an upper strand via at least one directly or indirectly supported on the device base, preferably by a belt drive for circulation around the deflections , A first sensor device for detecting at least one of a walking or running movement of a subject on the treadmill dependent and / or this characteristic movement amount, wherein the first sensor device is designed for movement as a vertical movement of the subject and / or the running table or at least one of these To detect vertical motion characterizing size, and an electronic evaluation unit that is designed or programmed to receive data or measurement signals from the sensor device or the sensor devices and from the data or measurement signals the gear or Derive or extract data characterizing the subject's course.

Furthermore, according to a second aspect, the present invention relates to a treadmill apparatus comprising an apparatus base and an endless belt guided over at least two deflections and with an upper strand via at least one directly or indirectly supported on the device base, preferably by a belt drive for circulation around the deflections Treadmill, wherein the treadmill device is designed with an influencing device acting on the walking table, with which a vertical movement or vertical deflection of the running table can be variably influenced.

Diagnostic, therapy and training equipment, which is based on treadmill equipment, is often used both in the medical field as well as for performance diagnostic examinations and training in sports. In particular, treadmill devices are widely used for performing diagnostic or therapeutic tests. Such medical applications are directed, inter alia, to the examination of skeletal muscle as well as of the neurological and cardiopulmonary systems, in particular with regard to their performance in humans.

With the known from the prior art treadmill devices training, diagnostics, and therapy in the form of walking and running of a subject done, this in the implementation of walking and running movements with respect to the running direction of the treadmill more or less in a substantially stationary Position remains. In general, the subject performs on the treadmill for the purposes mentioned a defined and tuned walking or running program. Modern treadmill devices store a variety of data and parameters, such as the current heart rate of the subject in order to draw conclusions about the current performance and / or the current state of health of the subject.

The analysis and interpretation of data and parameters, which are determined with the help of a treadmill device, thus provide the trainer or physician with a picture of the physical performance or state of health of the subject. Based on such data, decisions can then be made, for example, as to which drugs can be administered to the subject, which therapeutic measures are to be taken or in which manner already initiated therapeutic measures have to be adapted. It is also possible to draw conclusions as to whether the current training state of the subject for a given athletic competition meets the necessary physical requirements, or whether the application of the training device and the training method have a positive effect on the health of the subject.

Treadmill devices known from the prior art are frequently used in stress tests for cardiovascular patients. In contrast, the effects of running style and running symmetry, in particular the left-right symmetry of the subject and the associated impact of stride and pace of the subject on his physical stress or energy consumption and various other parameters (such as the heart rate of the Subjects) in modern ergometry not or only insufficiently taken into account.

Running style and running symmetry are among vital parameters such as heart rate, heart rate variability, blood pressure, respiratory rate, respiratory volume, CO ₂ release, oxygen uptake, blood oxygen saturation, body temperature, core body temperature, ECG, body fat percentage, blood lactate levels, blood glucose levels and glucose levels to important parameters, the training constitution, the identify physical performance and health status of the subject. Only an analysis and interpretation of all measured data and parameters provide the trainer or physician with a complete picture of the state of training, physical performance or state of health of the individual.

The publication DE 60 2004 013 121 T2 discloses a treadmill device having one on one Tread assembly mounted sensor device which is adapted to determine by means of a control system, inter alia, the weight of a subject or the position of his feet on the treadmill. The treadmill apparatus further includes a pitch actuator coupled to a treadmill supporting the treadmill via an actuating arm. As a result, the height of a front end of the tread structure can be changed and thus the slope of the tread structure can be varied. The vertical position of the front end of the tread assembly can be determined with a sensor device.

The publication DE 203 13 772 U1 discloses a device for the dynamic mobilization of a handicapped person with a self-weight of the person compensating suspension system comprising linearly movable actuators, which are connected by cables with a person standing on a treadmill person. The cables are guided by angle measuring sensors having deflection rollers, wherein force sensors are provided on the actuators for measuring the tensile forces acting along the cables. The spatial direction along which the tensile stresses act is determinable by means of the angle measuring sensors.

The publication US 5,993,358 A discloses a treadmill device in which an endless treadmill guided over two deflections via a walking table is provided, wherein the treadmill device is designed with an influencing device acting on the walking table. The influencing device is designed as a damping device and comprises a magnetorheological damping unit. By means of this influencing device, a user can specify a certain damping, so that different soil properties can be simulated.

It is an object of the present invention to provide a treadmill apparatus in which the running style, in particular the running symmetry and the running economy, of the test person can be analyzed, if necessary in order to influence the running style of the subject on the basis of such an analysis.

According to a further object, the invention aims to enable influencing or adaptation of the running feeling, in particular running comfort, and possibly influencing the energy consumption of the subject during running, which may possibly have an effect on the running style.

At least for the solution of the first-mentioned object, according to the first aspect of the invention, a treadmill device is proposed, comprising a device base, a guided over at least two deflections and with an upper strand via at least one directly or indirectly supported on the device base run table, preferably by a tape drive for circulation the deflections drivable endless treadmill, a first sensor device for detecting at least one of a walking or running movement of a subject on the treadmill dependent and / or these characteristic motion size, wherein the first sensor device is designed for movement as a vertical movement of the subject and / or the runtable or at least one of these vertical movement characterizing size to detect, and an electronic evaluation unit that is designed or programmed to receive data or measurement signals from the sensor device or the sensor devices and au s derive or extract the data or measurement signals characterizing the gait or run of the subject. According to the invention, this treadmill device is characterized in that the evaluation unit is further designed to display or visualize the data characterizing the gait or run of the subject on a display, the data characterizing the gait or run of the subject characterizing the running symmetry of the subject Include data, wherein the electronic evaluation unit is designed to visualize on the display of the left and right leg of the subject associated movement strokes and / or the running symmetry.

By using a sensor device, which is designed to detect a vertical movement of the subject and / or the running table or at least one variable that characterizes this vertical movement, it is possible to analyze the running style of the subject. By the direct or indirect detection of the vertical movement of the subject or / and the running table conclusions on stride length and step frequency of the subject by which the running style of the subject is essentially determined, be drawn because both parameters with the vertical movement of the subject and / or the run table be directly related. It is also possible to draw conclusions about the economy of running, in other words, the "resource use" of the subject for walking or running.

By means of the device according to the invention, the running style of the subject can not only be analyzed, but if necessary, also be influenced in a targeted manner. For example, a trainer can indicate to the test person, based on the analysis of the running style, how the test person should change his running style, for example, for a better running economy. Furthermore, it is thought to give the subject about visually feedback on the current running style, so that the subject can work on his own style of running. Particularly preferred is the provision of a biofeedback function, in particular visually, as will be mentioned in more detail below.

The evaluation unit makes it possible to evaluate and / or further process the data received from the sensor device or the sensor devices in a variety of ways, for example by means of a computer system coupled to the evaluation unit.

In this case, the data characterizing the gait or run of the test subject comprise data characterizing the running symmetry of the subject. In this way, an unwanted asymmetry in the walking or running movement of the subject can be detected and, if necessary, their correction can be facilitated.

In order to provide the subject with instantaneous information about the running symmetry of his current walking or running movement while walking or running movements are being performed, the electronic evaluation unit is designed to move on the display to the left and right legs of the subject associated movement strokes and / or Visualize running symmetry. In this way, the subject can be informed instantaneously about his running symmetry in the implementation of walking or walking movements, and correct if necessary asymmetries in his running style "online". Advantageously, a so-called "biofeedback" is possible.

It is mainly thought that as a vertical movement or as this characteristic size of an instantaneous stroke or an instantaneous vertical deflection of the subject or the elastically and / or attenuated vertically deflectable run table is detected and / or that as a vertical movement or as a characteristic of this size instantaneous lifting speed or a current vertical deflection speed of the subject or the elastically and / or attenuated vertically deflectable run table is detected. Alternatively or additionally, it can be advantageously provided that a vertical movement of the subject or of the elastic and / or damped vertically deflectable walking table is detected as a vertical movement or as a variable characterizing it.

The detection of the current stroke of the subject or the current vertical displacement of the walking table gives immediate information about characteristics of the running style. Alternatively or additionally, however, the stroke or the vertical deflection of the running table can advantageously also be detected. These sizes also provide information about the running style, as they depend on the interaction of the subject with the walking table while walking and reflect the impact of the feet and lifting of the feet from the walking table or running on it treadmill.

Of interest is also the current lifting speed of the subject or the current vertical deflection of the subject. These variables can be determined as a secondary variable from the current stroke or the current vertical deflection, or directly by using appropriate sensors. A variable which is relevant for the analysis and characterizes the vertical movement is also the instantaneous vertical acceleration of the subject or of the walking table. These variables can also be determined as secondary variables from the current stroke or the instantaneous vertical deflection, or by using corresponding sensors.

It should be noted that the instantaneous stroke, the instantaneous lifting speed and the instantaneous vertical acceleration of the walking table depend on its design and its mounting, in particular the effective elasticity and / or damping. This should be taken into account when comparing analysis results obtained on different treadmill equipment. It is therefore expedient to provide appropriate information about the effective elasticity and damping and the possible deflection stroke of the walking table and, if necessary, to record and make available for comparison, for example to store it.

Suitably, a damping arrangement effective directly or indirectly between the appliance base and the walking table may be provided which comprises at least one elastic element (for example an elastomer mat), preferably a plurality of elastic elements (most preferably in the form of rubber-metal cushions). In this way, the burden on the subject, in particular his joints, when performing the walking and running movements can be effectively reduced.

It can be provided that the walking table is vertically deflectable independently of one another in a running direction of the running belt in a left and in a right running table area and / or in a front and a rear running table area. Such Vertikalauslenkbarkeit about in the sense of a tilting movement of the walking table may be a direct result of the provision and the embodiment of a damping arrangement between the device base and the walking table. Detecting local vertical deflections of the walking table in left and right walking table areas and in front and rear walking table areas, respectively, generally allows an examination of the running style. Of particular interest is the detection of the vertical deflection in the left and right running table area, as this information about the Left-right walking or walking symmetry of the subject can be obtained.

In light of the above considerations, it is generally suggested that the first sensor device be configured to resolve localized vertical deflections of the walking table in one / of the left and right / side walkway area and / or front / rear walkway area.

In this way, the running style and running symmetry of the subject can be detected very accurately. In particular, it can be determined with particularly high accuracy whether a desired uniform loading or a uniform movement of the left or right leg of the subject is given.

The treadmill device can be designed with a relief device for weight relief of the subject. For example, the unloading device may comprise a traction element assembly comprising at least one traction element and a vertical stator assembly from or via which the at least one traction element is routable to the subject on the treadmill, whereby by means of the traction element assembly on the subjects a weight relieving force having a force component opposite its weight exercisable. Such weight relief allows for example in subjects with limited physical performance or health, for example, after an accident or medical surgery, by controlled reduced weight load improved rehabilitation measures. Even in sports-related applications, it may be useful for subjects to be relieved of weight, as this allows, for example, a running motion at increased speed, so that the subject can get used to a particularly high running speed in terms of motion coordination.

Suitably, the tension element can be coupled to the subject by means of a coupler which can be applied to the subject to exert the weight-relieving force. Typically, the tension member assembly transfers the weight relieving force from a force generating assembly to the subject, wherein the force generating assembly may advantageously comprise at least one of a weight assembly, a spring assembly and a motor assembly, or, more generally, any suitably designed force / pressure / drag assembly , Thus, a precise adjustment of the weight-bearing force acting on the subjects is made possible both manually and alternatively automatically.

In an expedient embodiment of the invention, the first sensor device for detecting the vertical movement of the test subject or the variable characterizing it is designed to respond to a traction element movement or a movement of a component motion-coupled to the traction element arrangement. By means of the relief device, it is thus possible in a simple manner to detect the vertical movement of the subject or the variable characterizing this vertical movement. It thus important, the running style of the subject characterizing parameters are detected immediately.

For the sake of completeness, however, it should be pointed out that the vertical movement of the subject can also be detected in a completely different manner, for example optically by means of a camera or the like attributable to the first sensor device. The detection of the vertical movement of the subject by means of the relief device is particularly preferred. It is specifically contemplated in this regard that the first sensor device for detecting the subject's current stroke is adapted to respond to traction element movement or movement of a component coupled with the traction element assembly, or / and that the sensor device detects the current one Hubgeschwindigkeit of the subject is designed to respond to a Zugelementbewegungsgeschwindigkeit or a speed of movement bewegungsverkoppel with the Zugelementanordnung component.

Also, the subject's current lift speed is a quantity of interest, and this can be determined directly or as a secondary quantity from the current lift.

In a further development, it is proposed that the unloading device has at least one deflection roller, via which the elongated tension element, which is preferably designed as a traction cable, is guided, and in that the first sensor device responds to a rotational movement of one / the deflection roller. In this way, the relief device can be combined with the first sensor device in a technically easily realizable manner.

It is generally proposed that the first sensor device is designed to respond to or impinge upon striking or lifting the left and / or right foot of the subject on or off the treadmill during walking or running to the vertical movements of the subject or the running table in association with movement phases of the walking or running movement of the To detect subjects who are characterized by the impact or lifting of a respective foot on or from the treadmill. This allows a particularly accurate analysis of the running style of the subject.

Alternatively or additionally, a second sensor device is provided, which is designed to respond to a hitting or / and lifting the left and / or right foot of the subject on or from the treadmill during his walking or running movement or such impact or To detect lift-off in order to assign detected by the first sensor device vertical movements of the subject or the running table movement phases of walking or running movement of the subject, which are characterized by the impact and / or lifting a respective foot on or from the treadmill. Due to the combined use of the first and the second sensor device, a particularly precise detection of the running or walking movement, of the running style, and in particular of the left-right symmetry of the subject when performing walking or running movements is possible.

According to a particularly simple approach, one may think of associating local deflections of the walking table in a left walking table area with the impact of the left foot and local deflections of the walking table in a right walking area with the impact of the right foot Excursions responsive and this resolving first sensor device is completely sufficient. However, it has been shown that while running it can happen that the test person touches the right foot further to the left than the left foot and the left foot further to the right than the right foot (so-called "overcrossing"), so that an uncertainty concerning the assignment. For this reason, it is expedient to provide the second sensor device.

It is particularly preferred for the second sensor device to have a force sensor arrangement which detects the force exerted on the walking table by the foot when walking or running by the respective foot. For this purpose, for example, force sensor plates can be provided underneath the treadmill, which are supported directly or indirectly on the device base and, if necessary, can be added to the walking table. By means of a force measurement made possible in this way, the instantaneous position of the center of gravity of the body in left-right direction can be determined, from which it can then be determined which leg the current running phase or the currently detected vertical movement can be assigned to.

Such force measuring sensors under the treadmill are also advantageous for measuring the ground reaction forces that a subject generates when walking / running. One can then determine whether the subject produces equal forces with the left and right legs, and thus whether the muscular load is the same and symmetrical.

Important information, especially information that is relevant for an assessment of the running style, can also be obtained from the use of vibration sensors. It has been found that the measurement results of at least one vibration sensor, preferably at least four sensors offset from one another in the direction of the running belt and in the left-right direction, are also helpful for the assignment of the vertical movement phases to the left and right legs. Accordingly, it is proposed that at least one vibration sensor be provided as a second sensor device or as a further sensor device, which responds to vibrations of the walking table due to the impact of the feet of the subject on the walking table during a walking or running movement.

An assignment of the walking or running movement accompanying vertical movement phases to the impact or lifting of the left or right foot on or from the treadmill can also be done by optical means. Thus, light barriers can be provided to distinguish left-right. Furthermore, a camera can be provided which detects the running of the subject. An assignment of the running phases to the left or right is then possible by means of a simple image processing.

Furthermore, it is advisable, to improve the running style, in particular the left-right symmetry of the subject, to provide an on demand switchable optical center mark on the treadmill table. Such a central marking can be realized, for example, with the aid of an optical laser, wherein the laser device can be installed, for example, in a motor hood of the treadmill drive mounted in a front region of the treadmill device. By providing a center mark, the test person can optimize his running style, in particular his running symmetry, also with regard to the "overcrossing" already mentioned in connection with the left-right running symmetry. In contrast to permanently applied center markings, for example milled center markings or chalk markings, a center mark that can be switched on and off causes a special psychological effect on the subject. Thus, it is conceivable that the center mark is switched on situationally only when a particularly pronounced "overcrossing" of the subject occurs.

As a sensor device or sensor devices which can be used within the scope of the invention, basically all sensors are considered with which the mentioned functions can be realized. There are force sensors for force measurement, acceleration sensors for acceleration measurement or position sensors, in particular position sensor, for position measurement into consideration.

A momentary deflection, possibly spatially resolved deflection of the running table, can be detected, for example, simply by using wireless, in particular electromagnetically operating, proximity sensors. The deflection of the walking table can also be detected touching, for example, by position or displacement sensors. Also contemplated is the use of potentiometers, for example, linear potentiometers or rotary potentiometers which detect the deflection via a deflection.

In particular, piezoelectric sensors are suitable as force sensors, in which a spatial deformation and, consequently, an electrical voltage is generated by means of the application of force (piezoelectric effect). The use of force sensors in the treadmill device according to the invention can be carried out simultaneously with the use of damping elements in the walking table, for example for joint protection of the subject. If it were a very precise determination of the ground reaction forces when walking / running of the subject, the provision of damping elements in combination with force sensors would be problematic because the resulting from the damping counter forces distort the force measurement. Nevertheless, based on such force measurement results but still an assignment of the movement phases for hitting or lifting the left foot and striking or lifting the right foot is still possible.

Particularly suitable for use in treadmill devices are miniaturized acceleration sensors which are based on piezo elements or on MEMS technology (micro-electro-mechanical system) and, in particular, come into consideration as vibration sensors, as mentioned.

The miniaturization of such acceleration sensors offers a number of advantages, such as insensitivity of the sensor to temperature fluctuations, vibrations and other disturbing effects. In addition, acceleration sensors are generally much cheaper to acquire than force sensors, so that can also reduce the manufacturing cost of the treadmill device when using acceleration sensors.

In connection with the proposed invention and the training proposals for the invention according to the first aspect set out above, it is advantageous if the treadmill device is designed with an influencing device acting on the walking table, with which the vertical movement or vertical deflection of the walking table can be variably influenced.

This training proposal is also independent of the invention according to the first aspect of interest.

With a view to the objects stated above, in order to solve at least the last-mentioned object according to the second aspect of the invention, a treadmill device is proposed which has a device base and a running table which is supported via at least two deflections and with an upper run via at least one run table supported directly or indirectly on the device base. Preferably, by a belt drive for circulation around the deflections drivable endless treadmill comprises, wherein the treadmill device is designed with an acting on the moving table influencing device, with which a vertical movement or vertical deflection of the running table is variably influenced. According to the invention, this treadmill device is characterized in that a sensor device associated with the influencing device, if appropriate the first or / and the second sensor device, is designed to determine a resulting damping of the walking table, one or the evaluation unit being designed or programmed for this purpose detected vertical deflections of the walking table and their time course for a particular subject at given running or walking conditions or for a given excitation excitation of the walking table to determine a momentary damping of the walking table.

The vertical movement or vertical deflection of the walking table depends on the one hand on running and the running style and the weight of the subject. On the other hand, the resulting vertical movement or vertical deflection affects the walking or running of the subject. So the running comfort depends on the vertical deflectability and a possibly provided damping of the running table. Furthermore, there is also a retroactive effect on the energy consumption of the test person while walking.

The influencing device can be designed in such a way that on the one hand the vertical amplitude range of the walking table is determined and, on the other hand, the vertical movement of the walking table during the walking or running movements of the subject is subjected to a damping force, such that the walking or running movements of the subject be steamed.

In this case, a sensor device assigned to the influencing device, if appropriate the first or / and the second sensor device, is designed to determine, in particular, a resulting damping and possibly a vertical deflection limit of the running table. This information can be used to inform the subject about the set influencing measure of the influencing device, in particular about a resulting damping and / or vertical deflection limitation of the walking table.

In this case, an evaluation unit is designed or programmed for determining a momentary damping of the travel table from detected vertical deflections of the walking table and their time profile for a specific subject at given running conditions or for a given deflection excitation of the walking table.

Test subject vital signs measured with conventional treadmill equipment are not comparable because the subject's load, especially the effort exerted by him, also depends on the effective damping of the walker. Different treadmills have widely varying damping, ranging from the extreme "no damping" to a strong cushioning for better comfort and protection of the joints. Vital parameters measured with such treadmills, which vary greatly in damping, such as the heart rate at a certain treadmill speed, simulate a comparability that is actually not present.

In contrast, it can be provided according to the invention that by means of the addressed sensor device the effective during a training or Ergometrieuntersuchung table damping is measured and stored together with measured vital parameters and possibly displayed.

It is proposed, in particular, that the influencing device is designed as a limiting device with which the vertical movement or vertical deflection of the travel table can be limited to a deflection maximum that can be set by means of the limiting device.

In particular, it is thought that with the influencing device, a momentary vertical deflection of the elastically or / and vertically deflectable running table can be limited to a deflection maximum that can be set by means of the influencing device. For example, at least one of the influencing means associated, manually or by motor or pneumatically or hydraulically or electromagnetically actuated actuator for setting the deflection maximum is provided to a desired value. Suitably can be adjustable with the actuator a deflection maximum defining stop.

Alternatively or additionally, it is proposed that the influencing device is designed as a damping device with which the vertical movement or vertical deflection of the running table can be damped in an adjustable manner. In addition to adjusting the Dämfpung the vertical movement or vertical deflection by means of the adjustment of the deflection maximum is also an adjustable damping in other ways, for example by hydraulic means, into consideration.

In particular, it is envisaged that at least one of the influencing means associated, with the moving table verticalbewegungsverkoppeltes or Vertikalbewegungsverkoppelbares motion member is provided, with which a change of a current vertical position or vertical deflection of the run table counteracting, adjustable damping force is exercised on the walking table.

Furthermore, it is proposed that the damping force can be generated by motor or pneumatically or hydraulically or electromagnetically. In particular, it is contemplated that the strength of the damping force can be adjusted manually or by motor or pneumatically or hydraulically or electromagnetically to a desired value.

In order to take account of the set influencing measure, in particular deflection maximum and / or attenuation in the evaluation of further data on the running style and the associated vertical deflection of the subject, in a preferred embodiment, the electronic evaluation unit may be designed or programmed for a currently set, if desired, one Sensor detected or predetermined on an operating device, possibly deflection maximum and / or attenuation measure to display on a display and / or store in association with other data and / or transfer in association with other data via a data network.

In a further development, it is proposed that the running table damping effective during a training or an ergometric examination be set on the basis of predetermined data in order to ensure comparability between vital parameters obtained at different times or with different devices. For this purpose, it is specifically suggested that one / the evaluation designed or programmed to control the influencing device designed as a damping device on the basis of predetermined table damping data in such a way that a predetermined table height damping is set. In this way it is ensured that a desired preset value for the running table damping is actually achieved.

Thus, it is thus possible to compare measured values for vital parameters and the like which were recorded with different treadmill devices. By setting a predetermined, well-defined running table damping defined training conditions for the subject are also ensured, so that the burden of the subject in the implementation of running and walking movements on different treadmills in each case is substantially equal. Ergometry measurements of vital parameters measured with different treadmill equipment are comparable with each other.

Furthermore, it is proposed that the evaluation device is designed or programmed to determine the momentarily resulting attenuation by means of the influencing device associated sensor device and to compare with the given Lauftischdämpfungsdaten and depending on this comparison, the influencing device to control so that the paddle damping of the predetermined pad table damping at least approximates. By such a controlled adjustment of the running table damping the desired or predetermined treadmill damping is ensured and maintained, and it can also be reliably adjusted predetermined changes in the table damping, such as for the implementation of a training program.

As an expedient development, but especially as an independent further aspect of the invention, it is proposed that a sensor device, possibly the first or second sensor device, is designed to detect a momentary load of the subject due to a weight and / or due to acting kinematic forces , The detection of the current load of the subject can be done in particular with the already mentioned position and / or acceleration sensors. Furthermore, it is also possible to use the already mentioned force sensors. By such a sensor device, the degree of exposure of the subject, in particular about its joints, due to its weight or due to acting kinematic forces (acceleration and deceleration forces) can be detected.

Thus, the invention also provides a treadmill apparatus comprising an apparatus base and an endless treadmill guided over at least two deflections and with an upper run via at least one run table supported directly or indirectly on the implement base, preferably by a belt drive for circulation around the deflections is characterized in that a sensor device, possibly the first or second sensor device, is designed to detect a momentary load of the subject due to its weight and / or due to acting kinematic forces.

In this connection, it is proposed that the sensor device is designed to detect a load of the walking table or / and the weight-relieving device caused by the test subject.

Furthermore, it is thought that one / the evaluation unit is designed or programmed to check sensor signals or secondary data obtained therefrom by comparison with predetermined reference data on the fulfillment or non-fulfillment of at least one alarm or termination criterion. In this way, an overload of the subject, in particular about his joints, due to its weight or effective kinetic forces can be avoided. This is of particular importance when, for example, a patient in rehabilitation uses the treadmill device according to the invention. Candidate alarm or termination criteria, however, need not necessarily relate only to the subject's exposure, but may also refer to conditions of the treadmill device or to the proper completion of a training or ergometry program.

In addition, it is contemplated that upon satisfaction of an alarm or Abbruchskriteriums the subject an audible and / or visual alarm signal is renable. In this way, the subject is informed immediately about an impending or occurring overload or other relevant circumstances.

In addition, it is contemplated that when a termination criterion is met, training with the treadmill device may be aborted, in particular by stopping the treadmill device. This avoids health damage to the subject by disregarding the fulfillment of an alarm or termination criterion.

The invention will be explained in more detail below with reference to preferred embodiments with reference to the accompanying figures.

1 shows a first embodiment of a treadmill device according to the invention in a rough schematic representation.

2 shows in part figure 2A the treadmill device according to 1 in a perspective view and in part figure 2 B a display of the treadmill device with an exemplary visualization of a left-right asymmetry of the running style of a subject in the form of a bar graph.

3 shows a rough schematic of a possible geometric arrangement of a running table of the first embodiment associated sensor device for detecting a vertical movement or a vertical deflection of the walking table.

4 shows a rough schematic of a second embodiment of a treadmill device according to the invention with a different type of sensor device for detecting a vertical movement or a vertical deflection of the walking table.

5 shows a third embodiment of a treadmill device according to the invention in a rough-schematic view.

6 shows the treadmill device of the third embodiment in a perspective view.

7 shows a rough schematic of a fourth embodiment of the treadmill device according to the invention.

8th shows in the subfigures 8A to 8E Various variants for the technical realization of an influencing device for influencing an effective damping or a maximum deflection amplitude of the running table in embodiments of the third embodiment in a gross-Schematic representation.

The 1 and 2 generally show one with 10 designated treadmill device. The treadmill device 10 includes a device base 12 and a drivable endless belt 14 , which by a belt drive (not shown) over two deflections 16 and with an upper run 18 over a walking table 20 is guided. Furthermore, the treadmill device includes 10 a first sensor device in the form of a plurality of vertical motion sensors 22 that is between the walker 20 and the device base 12 are arranged. The walking table 20 is by means of a plurality of damping elements in the form of rubber-metal cushion 24 on the device base 12 supported. Alternatively, other types of damping elements are conceivable, for example in the form of elastic mats, or it can be completely dispensed with the damping elements.

By means of vertical motion sensors 22 is in an operating state of the treadmill device 10 a vertical movement of the walking table 20 recorded by walking or running movements of a subject 25 on the upper strand 18 or the walking table 20 be caused. The vertical movement of the walking table as measured by the vertical motion sensors 20 is via data lines 26 to an evaluation unit 28 transfer. The evaluation unit 28 calculated from those of the vertical motion sensors 22 received secondary data of interest, representing, for example, the running style, in particular the running symmetry and the running economy of the subject or mark. Such secondary data are preferably stored in an electronic data memory for later reference and / or the subject on a display device 30 (please refer 2 ) and preferably visualized so that the test person is informed about his style of walking and can improve it, for example in the form of a bio-feedback.

Are preferred as vertical motion sensors 22 for detecting the vertical movement of the walking table 20 Position or proximity sensors used. It is thought of both touching sensors as well as non-contact sensors. Such position or proximity sensors may, for example, be in the form of a simple potentiometer or operate on an electromagnetic basis by using, for example, an induction coil in conjunction with a magnetized iron rod or the like. For a touching detection of the vertical movement by means of a potentiometer both linear potentiometers and rotary potentiometers are considered. For example, to use a rotary potentiometer, a tension member attached to the walking table could be guided over a diverter coupled to the rotor of the potentiometer and tied to the run table base via a spring, or vice versa. There are various possibilities for motion-coupling a vertical movement or a vertical stroke of the walking table mechanically with the input member of a linear potentiometer or rotary potentiometer, in order to map the movement into an electrical signal.

In the 3 is a possible arrangement geometry of a plurality of vertical motion sensors 22 , in particular position or proximity sensors, in a plan view of the treadmill device according to the invention 10 shown. In a running direction L of the subject are three vertical motion sensors 22 on a left side of the run table 20 arranged one behind the other and three vertical motion sensors 22 on a right side of the run table 20 also arranged one behind the other. Each of the six sensors 22 is doing in a respective Lauftischsegment 34 . 36 . 38 . 40 . 42 . 44 of the running table 20 arranged independently of the other treadmill segments is vertically deflectable. That way, the sensors can 22 local vertical deflections of the walking table 20 dissolve. This allows in particular local vertical deflections of the walking table 20 in a left ( 40 . 42 . 44 ) and right ( 34 . 36 . 38 ) Lauftischbereich be captured, allowing a more detailed analysis of the running style of the subject 25 in terms of its left-right running or Gehsymmetrie allows.

However, there are also numerous other variants with regard to the number and arrangement geometry of the vertical motion sensors used 22 and with regard to the independently vertically displaceable vertical table segments conceivable.

In a significantly simplified embodiment, the walking table does not have any independently vertically deflectable running table segments, and a sensor arrangement (first sensor arrangement) having at least two vertical motion sensors responds to tilting movements of the elastically and / or damped running table occurring during running 20 at.

It is generally noted that a damping arrangement effective between the walking table and the treadmill base is preferably provided for better running comfort. Such a damping arrangement also allows the walking table to perform locally or in total vertical movements that can be detected by the vertical motion sensor arrangement. However, the provision of a damping arrangement is not mandatory, and detectable vertical movements of the walking table could also result from inherent elasticities of the walking table or a running table storage.

If one assumes that the test person places the left leg further to the left than the right leg, it is possible to detect the vertical deflection by means of the vertical motion sensors 22 or the simplified sensor arrangement of interest information related to the running style and in particular the left-right-running symmetry completely determine. For example, the vertical deflections associated with the left leg and the vertical deflections of the running table associated with the right leg can then be visualized by bar graphs, so that the test person can recognize the degree of gait symmetry or an existing gait asymmetry and work on them in the sense of a bio-feed back to improve the transitional symmetry or to avoid asymmetries.

However, it has been shown that in some subjects, a so-called "overcrossing" hits, in which the left foot hits to the right of the right foot on the run table. For such subjects can be determined from the detected vertical deflections not sure which vertical deflection is to be assigned to the left and which the right leg.

In order to remedy this situation, an additional sensor arrangement (second sensor arrangement) can be provided, which allows an assignment of the detected vertical movements to the left and the right leg attributable running phases. For example, under the treadmill, a force sensor arrangement can be provided, which makes it possible to detect the current left-right position of the body center, which can be inferred to the current running phase (left or right foot meets the walking table).

For a particularly accurate determination of the running style, force sensors are provided in a preferred embodiment, which detect the forces exerted by the foot on the walking table during walking or running of the subject. Another possibility is to store the entire walking table (also identifiable as a sliding plate) on force measuring sensors.

By measuring the force on the slide plate or under the treadmill, the momentary center of gravity during the different running phases can be determined (COP = "Center Of Pressure"). In addition to the course of force over time, it provides interesting information and, in particular, enables an evaluation functionality (possibly software a control unit) determines the running phases occurring the impact or lifting of the left foot and the impact or lifting the right foot on or from the walking table or over the open treadmill.

With a force measuring sensor arrangement under the treadmill (in the walking table or the sliding plate or between the treadmill and the walking table) can also measure the floor reaction forces generated by a runner / subject while walking or running. It can then be determined whether the subject produces equal forces with the left and the right leg and whether the load on the muscles in this respect is the same and symmetrical or unequal and asymmetrical.

It is also contemplated that for purposes of associating the vertical deflections of the walking table with the left and right leg associated walking phases, a vibration sensor arrangement responsive to shocks due to the impact of the left and right feet, respectively.

Similar to the previously mentioned force sensors, the acceleration sensors can be arranged on the running table or underneath the top tower of the treadmill, in order to acquire measurement data which corresponds to the body center of gravity measurement data in the case of the Force sensors correspond and thus allow a distinction between "left leg" and "right leg", ie the different running or gait phases.

Alternatively, one can for example also remember to provide acceleration sensors, for example, only left and right on the walking table, but then there is less information.

The distinction between "left leg" and "right leg" is also possible by optical means, for example by using a camera and / or by using photoelectric sensors. Another possibility is the use of shoes with a responsive sensor and an associated transponder or insoles comprising such a sensor and transponder.

It is also quite possible, the addressed vertical motion sensors 22 to realize as acceleration sensors, for example in an arrangement accordingly 3 , Another possibility is, for example, to provide an acceleration sensor or vibration sensor at the four corners of the walking table. In principle, from the detection of the instantaneous acceleration of the running table or of a respective running table section, the instantaneous deflection or the momentary stroke of the running table or of the running table section can be calculated, so that the acceleration sensors can in the end provide the same information as the previously mentioned position sensors. or proximity sensors. However, it may well be sufficient to regard an instantaneous vertical acceleration or an occurring average vertical acceleration as a measure of the vertical movement of the walking table and to derive and store and / or display, in particular to visualize, directly from the acquired acceleration values the running style and the running symmetry characterizing data.

Instead of the acceleration or in addition can be detected or determined as the vertical movement of the table characterizing size and a current or average stroke speed.

The acceleration sensors 22 are based, for example, on a further development of the so-called "bulk micro machine" MEMS technology. Such an acceleration sensor is based on a three-dimensional MEMS structure which contains a pendulum of monocrystalline silicon. This is hermetically enclosed between two silicon plates (wafers). This results in a long-term stable, high-resolution and shock-resistant acceleration sensor. A gas damping in the measuring element prevents overshoot and disturbing resonance vibrations. The pendulum motion is measured capacitively with an ASIC. For example, sensors of the SCA 620 series or sensors of the types KAS 804-05 and KS 804-09 A / B from the supplier KILAG Künzli Elektronik AG can be used as acceleration or vibration sensors.

In 4 is an alternative embodiment of the treadmill device according to the invention 10a shown in the detection of the vertical movement of the walking table 20a and / or the subject 25a optically by means of a camera system 46 , for example, at the device base 12a is attached and on the feet of the subject 25a and the surface of the treadmill is directed takes place. Such a camera system 46 can analogously to the above-described first embodiment with an evaluation unit (in 4 not shown) and by image analysis the instantaneous vertical movement of the walking table 20a or the subject 25a to capture. Are in addition vertical motion sensors according to the embodiment of 1 to 3 or the preceding embodiments, so the camera system 46 serve alone to assign the detected vertical movements of the walking table or the running table segments to the lifting or hitting the left foot and the lifting and the impact of the right foot of or on the treadmill and so a complete and reliable evaluation of the running style, especially with regard to the links To enable right-symmetry.

In a preferred embodiment, the detection of the vertical movement of the running table takes place 20 . 20a or the subject 25 . 25a combined both by means of vertical motion sensors (in particular acceleration sensors 22 or position or proximity sensors) as explained in the first embodiment as well as with the camera system 46 , In this way, particularly accurate information about the running style, in particular the left-right-running symmetry of the subject 25 . 25a won.

In the 5 and 6 is a third embodiment of the treadmill device according to the invention 10b shown in which the treadmill device 10b with a relief device 48 for weight loss of the subject 25b is executed. The relief device 48 comprises a tension element arrangement 50 that is a tension element 42 having in the form of a pull rope. The pull rope is over two pulleys 56 from the subject 25b to a counterweight 54 guided, with the two pulleys 56 on a stretcher 53 are held. The pull rope is with a coupling element 51 in shape a vest connected to the subject 25b can create, so the pull rope with the subject 25b is coupled.

Furthermore, the treadmill device includes 10b analogous to the first embodiment, a device base 12b , an endless treadmill 14b which is above the at the device base 12b supported walking table 20b is guided, to the circulation around the deflections 16b , A damping of the running table 20b takes place as in the first embodiment by means of the damping elements 24b , By means of the tension element arrangement 50 a weight relieving force is exerted on the subjects, with at least one component in one of the weight of the subject 25b opposite direction acts and thus weight relieved. Alternative to the counterweight 54 For example, the weight relieving force may also be generated by means of a spring arrangement or assembly, or generally a suitable force / compression / tensioning arrangement.

The treadmill device according to the invention 10b further includes a position sensor 58 , the rotational movements of the pulley 26 and thus on from vertical movements of the subject resulting movement or displacement of the tension element 52 responds and allows a detection of the vertical movements of the subject. The position sensor 58 can be designed as the rotational movements of the guide pulley on optically sensing sensor, as in 5 indicated, or as with the pulley 56 motion-coupled rotary encoder. The from the position sensor 58 measured vertical movement is by means of data lines 60 an evaluation unit 62 fed.

The embodiment of 5 is an example of a treadmill, in which the vertical movement of the subject occurring during running or walking of the subject is detected, as in the embodiment of 4 also using the camera system 46 is possible in principle. In contrast, in the embodiment and the embodiments of the 1 to 3 detects a vertical movement or vertical deflection of the running table. Both vertical movements or vertical deflections / vertical strokes reflect characteristics of the running movement or walking movement and the running style of the subject and can provide each other complementary information.

Therefore, the treadmill device according to the invention comprises 10b preferably, analogous to the first embodiment, a plurality of vertical motion sensors 22b (In particular position or proximity or acceleration sensors), by which a vertical movement of the walking table 20b is detected. Each of the vertical motion sensors 22b is via data lines 26b with the evaluation unit 62 connected so that these with respect to the vertical movement of the walking table 20b or the subject 25b both data from the position sensor 58 as well as from the acceleration sensors 22b receives what is a particularly comprehensive analysis of the running style of the subject 25b allows.

With regard to the number, arrangement geometry and type of sensors used 22b that applies in relation to 3 Said.

In a simplified embodiment of the second embodiment may be based on the use of vertical motion sensors 22b be waived so that only the vertical movement of the subject 25b over the discharge device 48 (as described above) is determined.

Regarding the means of the on the rotational movement of the pulley 26 or another, to the Zugseilbewegung responsive sensor detected vertical movement of the subject that additional information is needed for the evaluation of a left-right symmetry or asymmetry, which detects the detected vertical motion phases striking or lifting the left foot and the impact or Lift the right foot onto the treadmill or from the treadmill. For this purpose, an additional sensor arrangement may be provided, for example the force sensor arrangement mentioned in connection with the first exemplary embodiment. Also a camera system accordingly 4 can be used for this purpose. Furthermore, a vibration sensor arrangement or vibration sensor arrangement aimed at the left-right association can be used.

In the 7 is a third embodiment of a treadmill device according to the invention 10c shown. The treadmill device 10c includes a device base 12c and two deflections 16c and one with an upper strand 18c via one at the device base 12c supported walking table 20c guided endless belt drive driven by a belt drive (not shown) 14c , The treadmill device 10c comprises an influencing device 64 that way on the run table 20c acts, that the vertical deflection or vertical movement of the walking table is variably influenced. By means of the influencing device 64 For example, the vertical amplitude range of the walking table can be set variably, ie the influencing device 64 can be designed as a limiting device, such that the vertical deflection is variably limited to an adjustable deflection maximum. For this purpose, the influencing device 64 be designed as a servomotor with which a deflection maximum defining mechanical stop (not shown) is adjustable. Alternatively, instead of a servomotor but also a manual or a be provided pneumatically or hydraulically actuated actuator.

Alternatively or additionally, one with the walking table 20c vertically motion coupled, the influencing device 64 Moving member to be assigned 66 be provided, which has an adjustable damping force on the walking table 20c exercises.

The desired deflection maximum or / and the desired damping (depending on the type and implementation of the influencing device) can be determined, for example, by means of a test for the subject 25c operable control panel (in 7 not shown). The control panel is accessible via data lines (in 7 not shown) with a control unit 68 connected, which depends on the subject 25c desired deflection maximum the influencing device 64 controls accordingly.

In 8th are examples of possible embodiments of the influencing device 64 shown schematically for the treadmill according to the invention.

In the 8A is one of the damping device 70 essentially independent influencing device 64 also shown a limiting device 72 includes. The damping device 70 consists of elastic rubber elements attached to the walking table 20 are fixed, or may be designed as a rubber-metal pad as in the first embodiment. The limiting device 72 includes a mechanical stop 74 and a servomotor 75 , The mechanical stop 74 has an end portion 76 and one fixed to the end section 76 connected, executed with a rack section main section 78 on. In the rack section engages by means of a drive shaft 80 with the servomotor 76 connected drive wheel 82 one. In this way, by means of the servomotor 75 the vertical position of the end section 76 of the mechanical stop 74 be adjusted variably, so that by the stop 74 defined position also the maximum vertical deflection of the walking table is set down.

In the 8B is a damping device 70 incorporating modified variant of the influencing device 64 according to the 8A shown in which the mechanical stop 74 relative to the walking table 20 is arranged such that by means of the vertical position of the end portion 76 of the mechanical stop 74 the strength of the by the damping device 70 generated damping on the walking table 20 can be influenced variably. In the 8B is the walking table 20 shown in a rest position in which the mechanical stop 74 the walking table 20 not touched. The rubber elements of the damping device 70 are in a relaxed state. For example, by a subject, a force in a vertical direction down on the walking table 20 exerted, the rubber elements of the damping device 70 compressed until the restoring force generated by the compression of the rubber elements is equal to the vertical downward force caused by the subject. The restoring force generated by the rubber elements is ideally determined by the restoring force generated by means of an elastic spring.

As in 8C shown, the restoring force generated by the rubber elements can be increased by a "bias" of the rubber elements by the rest position of the walking table 20 with the help of the mechanical stop 74 is shifted vertically downwards. This is done by a vertical movement of the mechanical stop 74 down, leaving the end section 76 of the mechanical stop 74 starting from the in 8B shown rest position the walking table 20 entraining.

Will by a subject now a vertically downward force on the walking table 20 generated due to the already existing "bias" of the rubber elements after deflection from the biased rest position of the damping device 70 generated restoring force correspond to greater than in the 8B shown rest position without bias.

Conveniently, it is also conceivable that in the 8A to 8C shown limiting or damping devices to combine with each other, so that both degree of damping and maximum vertical amplitude of the walking table 20 by means of an influencing device 64 can be varied.

In the 8D In an alternative embodiment, the use of an influencing device in the form of a damping device 84 shown, which is based on a hydraulic device. The damping device 84 includes a cylinder 88 in which a feast with the walking table 20 connected piston 86 is introduced. The cylinder 88 is by means of a hydraulic line 94 which is an adjustable throttle valve 90 includes, with a hydraulic fluid reservoir 92 connected. By a vertical movement of the walking table 20 in vertical direction down the piston 86 the cylinder 88 moved vertically downwards. One in the hydraulic line 94 located hydraulic fluid (not shown) is due to the vertical movement of the piston 86 through the throttle valve 90 in the hydraulic fluid tank 92 pressed. Because the Hydraulic fluid is to be regarded as incompressible, at least in the first approximation, is in this way during the movement of the piston 86 generates an additional, substantially dependent on the speed of the piston damping force which brakes the vertical movements of the walking table so to speak, thus counteracting a change of the respective current state (or the current vertical positions / the current vertical stroke). The same applies to a vertical movement of the piston 86 up. In this case, by means of the piston movement in the cylinder 88 generated negative pressure, the hydraulic fluid sucked from the hydraulic fluid container accordingly. With the help of the adjustable throttle valve 90 For example, the intensity of the damping force additionally generated in this way can be variably set. For the practical realization of the hydraulic device is also the use of commercially available, electronically controlled hydraulic cylinders.

In 8E Another alternative embodiment for realizing a variable damping force is shown on a pneumatic system 96 based. In the pneumatic system 96 is analogous to 8D a piston 86a with the walking table 20a firmly connected and in a cylinder 88a arranged such that a vertical movement of the walking table 20a a corresponding vertical movement of the piston 96a in the cylinder 88a entails. By a vertical movement of the piston 86 down, the degree of compression of one in the cylinder 88a located gas (for example, air) is increased, so that due to the subsequent compression of the gas, an additional restoring force is generated, which with the by the damping device 70a generated restoring force generated is superimposed. Furthermore, in the cylinder 88a an actuator piston 98 arranged by means of an actuator 100 (For example, an electric servomotor) is movable in the vertical direction. By vertical displacement of the actuating piston 98 can that be in the piston 88a gas in addition to be compressed or expanded, so that in this way the strength of the pneumatic system 96 generated restoring force can be set variably as a mechanical spring. Depending on the position of the actuator piston 98 result in different effective spring constants for by the pneumatic system 96 realized pneumatic spring arrangement.

For the practical realization of a pneumatic damping system, in particular, the use of commercially available, electronically controllable pneumatic cylinders offers.

Alternatively, commercially available electromagnetic damping elements, for example in the form of Tauchspulenaktuatoren or electromagnetic actuators, can be used for the realization of damping devices. The use of piezo actuators is conceivable.

Dive coil actuators comprise a mobile coil placed in a static magnetic field, through which electrical current flows, so that a Lorentz force is generated in proportion to the current flow. Due to the Lorentz force, the mobile coil placed in the magnetic field is deflected out of its rest position. Various such Tauchspulenaktuatoren example, manufactured and sold by the company "Cedrat".

Newest type of electromagnetic actuators, so-called MICA, also manufactured and sold by the company "Cedrat", are delayed-acting polarized electromagnetic actuators in which the generated electromagnetic force can be reversed over the entire stroke length of the actuator. Electromagnetic actuators therefore offer a longer stroke length than piezo actuators and can develop a larger electromagnetic force (with less heat generation) than Tauchspulenaktuatoren.

In further preferred embodiments, the damping devices of the 8D respectively. 8E with the limiting device of FIG. 72 be combined so that both maximum vertical amplitude and degree of damping of the vertical movement of the walking table can be adjusted simultaneously.

In alternative embodiments, the sensor arrangements explained in the previously discussed exemplary embodiments can be arbitrarily combined with the influencing arrangement explained in the third exemplary embodiment. In particular, in the treadmill device 10c optional for detecting a vertical movement of the subject 25c or the running table 20c Similarly to the first and second embodiments, one or two sensor arrangement (s) are used, as described in the first and second embodiments.

Advantageously, the treadmill device may be configured such that sensors associated with the walking table are used to adjust effective running-belt damping to be substantially identical to the running-table cushioning of another treadmill device or to the running-table cushioning effective in the previous exercise. In this way, measurements of vital parameters measured at different times or with different treadmill devices can be compared. The background is that the load of a subject or the effort required by him depends on the effective table damping.

Advantageously, it can be provided that sensors assigned to the walking table or / and the weight-relief system (if provided) are used to detect impending or occurring overstressing of the subject and to give warning messages or warning signals and, if necessary, to interrupt the training. For this purpose, warning and abort criteria can be defined, which compare measured data or secondary data obtained therefrom with predetermined limit values and if necessary trigger warning signals or aborts. For example, the walking table may be assigned a weight sensor device.

Claims (23)

A treadmill device comprising: - a device base ( 12 ; 12a ; 12b ), - one over at least two deflections ( 16 ; 16a ; 16b ) and with an upper run via at least one directly or indirectly at the device base ( 12 ; 12a ; 12b ) supported walking table ( 20 ; 20a ; 20b ) guided, preferably by a belt drive for circulation around the deflections driven endless treadmill ( 14 ; 14a ; 14b ), - a first sensor device for detecting at least one of a walking or running movement of a test person ( 25 ; 25a ; 25b ) on the treadmill ( 14 ; 14a ; 14b ) dependent and / or this characteristic movement variable, wherein the first sensor device is designed for, as a movement variable vertical movement of the subject ( 25 ; 25a ; 25b ) and / or the walking table, or at least one variable indicative of this vertical movement, and - an electronic evaluation unit ( 28 ) designed or programmed to receive data or measurement signals from the sensor device ( 22 ) or the sensor devices and from the data or measurement signals the gait or run of the test person ( 25 ; 25a ; 25b ) derive or extract characterizing data, characterized in that the evaluation unit ( 28 ) is also designed to track the gait or run of the subject ( 25 ; 25a ; 25b characterizing data on a display or to visualize, whereby the course or run of the test person ( 25 ; 25a ; 25b ) characterizing data the running symmetry of the subject ( 25 ; 25a ; 25b ) characterizing data, the electronic evaluation unit being adapted to display on the left and right legs of the subject ( 25 ; 25a ; 25b ) to visualize associated movement strokes and / or the running symmetry. A treadmill apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that a momentary stroke or a momentary vertical deflection of the subject or of the elastically and / or attenuated vertically deflectable running table is detected as a vertical movement or as a characterizing variable and / or as a vertical movement or as a characteristic variable a current lifting speed or a current vertical deflection speed of the subject ( 25 ; 25a ; 25b ) or the elastically and / or attenuated vertically deflectable run table ( 20 ; 20a ; 20b ) is detected. Treadmill apparatus according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that as a vertical movement or as this characterizing size, a momentary vertical acceleration of the subject ( 25 ; 25a ; 25b ) or the elastically and / or attenuated vertically deflectable run table ( 20 ; 20a ; 20b ) is detected. Treadmill adviser according to claim 2, characterized in that the walking table ( 20 ; 20a ; 20b ) relative to a running direction of the treadmill ( 14 ; 14a ; 14b ) is vertically deflectable independently of one another in a left and a right running table area and / or in a front and a rear running table area. Treadmill device according to one of claims 2 to 4, characterized in that the first sensor device is designed for local vertical deflections of the walking table ( 20 ; 20a ; 20b ) in one / of the left and right / right treadmill areas and / or in one of the front and rear treadmill areas. Treadmill device according to one of the preceding claims, designed with a relief device ( 48 ) for weight loss of the subject ( 25b ), which comprises: - at least one tension element ( 52 ) comprehensive tension element arrangement ( 50 ) and - a vertical column arrangement ( 53 ), from or about which the at least one tension element ( 52 ) on the treadmill ( 14b ) is feasible, wherein by means of Zugelementanordnung ( 50 ) on the subjects ( 25b ) a weight relieving force having a force component opposite its weight can be exerted. Treadmill apparatus according to claim 6, characterized in that the first sensor device for detecting the vertical movement of the subject ( 25b ) or of the characterizing size is designed for a traction element movement or a movement of a with the Zugelementanordnung ( 50 ) motion-coupled component. Treadmill device according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the first sensor device is designed for a striking or / and lifting the left and / or right foot of the subject ( 25 ; 25a ; 25b ) to respond to or from the treadmill during its walking or running movement or to detect such impact or lifting to the vertical movements of the subject or the running table ( 20 ; 20a ; 20b ) in association with movement phases of the walking or running movement of the subject ( 25 ; 25a ; 25b ), which are characterized by the impact or lifting of a respective foot on or from the treadmill. Treadmill device according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized by a second sensor device, which is designed for an impact and / or lifting of the left or / and right foot of the subject ( 25 ; 25a ; 25b ) to respond to or from the treadmill during its walking or running movement or to detect such an impingement or lifting, in order to detect vertical movements of the subject (1) detected by the first sensor device ( 25 ; 25a 25b ) or of the walking table ( 20 ; 20a ; 20b ) Assign movement phases of the walking or running movement of the subject, which are characterized by the impact or lifting of a respective foot on or from the treadmill. Treadmill apparatus according to claim 9, characterized in that the second sensor device comprises a force sensor arrangement which detects the force exerted by the foot when it is walking or running from the respective foot on the walking table. Treadmill device according to one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that as a further sensor device at least one vibration sensor is provided, which is based on vibrations of the walking table ( 20 ; 20a ; 20b ) due to the impact of the subject's feet on the walking table during walking or running. Treadmill according to claim 9 or 10, characterized in that at least one vibration sensor is provided as the second sensor device, the vibrations of the running table ( 20 ; 20a ; 20b ) due to the impact of the subject's feet on the walking table during walking or running. A treadmill device comprising: - a device base ( 12c ), - one over at least two deflections ( 16c ) and with an upper strand ( 18c ) via at least one directly or indirectly at the device base ( 12c ) supported walking table ( 20c ) guided, preferably by a belt drive for circulation around the deflections driven endless treadmill ( 14c ), whereby the treadmill device ( 10c ) with an influencing device acting on the walking table ( 64 ) is executed, with which a vertical movement or vertical deflection of the run table ( 20c ) is variably influenced, characterized in that one of the influencing device associated sensor device is designed to determine a resulting damping of the walking table, wherein one / the evaluation is executed or programmed for this, from detected vertical deflections of the walking table ( 20c ) and their time course for a particular subject at given running or walking conditions or for a given excitation excitation of the walking table to determine a momentary damping of the walking table. Treadmill apparatus according to claim 13, characterized in that the influencing device ( 64 ) is designed as a limiting device, with which the vertical movement or vertical deflection of the running table ( 20c ) is limited to an adjustable by means of the limiting device deflection maximum. Treadmill apparatus according to claim 13 or 14, characterized by at least one influencing device ( 64 ) associated, manually or by motor or pneumatically or hydraulically or electromagnetically operable actuator for setting the deflection maximum to a desired value, wherein the actuator preferably a deflection maximum defining stop is adjustable. Treadmill device according to one of claims 13 to 15, characterized in that the influencing device as a damping device ( 84 ) is executed, with which the vertical movement or vertical deflection of the walking table ( 20c ) is adjustable dampable. Treadmill apparatus according to any one of claims 13 to 16, characterized by at least one of the influencing means associated, verticallybewegungsverkoppeltes with the walking table or Vertikalbewegungsverkoppelbares movement member, with which a change of a current vertical position or vertical deflection of the run table ( 20c ) counteracting, adjustable damping force on the walking table is exercisable. Treadmill device according to one of claims 13 to 17, characterized in that one / the evaluation device is designed or programmed to control the designed as a damping device influencing device based on predetermined table control data such that a predetermined table damping is set. Treadmill device according to one of claims 1 to 18, characterized in that a sensor device is designed for a current load of the subject ( 25c ) due to its weight and / or due to acting kinematic forces to detect. A treadmill device comprising: - a device base ( 12c ), - one over at least two deflections ( 16c ) and with an upper strand ( 18c ) via at least one directly or indirectly at the device base ( 12c ) supported walking table ( 20c ) guided, preferably by a belt drive for circulation around the deflections driven endless treadmill ( 14c ), whereby the treadmill device ( 10c ) with an influencing device acting on the walking table ( 64 ) is executed, with which a vertical movement or vertical deflection of the run table ( 20c ) is variably influenced, characterized in that a sensor device is designed for a current load of the subject ( 25c ) due to its weight and / or due to acting kinematic forces to detect. Treadmill apparatus according to one of claims 1 to 12, characterized in that the evaluation unit is designed or programmed to test sensor signals or secondary data derived therefrom by comparison with predetermined reference data on the fulfillment or non-fulfillment of at least one alarm or termination criterion. Treadmill apparatus according to one of claims 13 to 20, characterized in that an evaluation unit is designed or programmed to test sensor signals or secondary data obtained therefrom by comparison with predetermined reference data on the fulfillment or non-fulfillment of at least one alarm or termination criterion. Treadmill apparatus according to claim 21 or 22, characterized in that upon fulfillment of an alarm or termination criterion the subject an acoustic and / or visual alarm signal is gebbar, and / or that when a termination criterion training with the treadmill device is aborted, in particular by stopping the treadmill device.

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