DE102008005466A1 - polymer mixture - Google Patents

Abstract

A nonwoven and a nonwoven fiber are disclosed. The fleece or fleece fiber include a polymer mixture. The polymer mixture includes a polyethyelene and a LLDPE. Various applications for the fleece are proposed.

Description

The The present invention relates to a nonwoven fabric having a nonwoven fiber which having a special polymer mixture. Also is the nonwoven fiber itself as well as a polymer blend and uses thereof claimed.

Especially In the production of nonwovens it is necessary to use the starting material to pay attention to produce desired parameters. It is often necessary to find out through tests a material at all suitable for use is. Material data sheets of different manufacturers give clues, but are not suitable for specific Applications provide the necessary informative value to be able to. As the effort for the production of polymers is correspondingly expensive, is further by the manufacturer only a limited available polymer supply made available.

It is therefore often the user or the manufacturer from fleeces, find out how a suitable fleece of his Characteristics, of his method of production, but also of his Polymer composition should be designed.

Nonwovens are often made of polyolefins for cost reasons. If a polyethylene is used as starting material, there are known state of the art for this purpose. For example, from the US 6,391,443 as well as from the US 7,223,818 each show different mixtures and applications of the polymers presented for nonwoven fibers. From the US 6,391,443 goes out a polymer blend having two different polyethylene components with different melting points. While one polyethylene should have a density between 0.85-0.93 g / cm ³ with a low melting point, the other polyethylene should have a density of 0.94 g / cm ³ or more and have a high melting point. Furthermore, it should set a special thermal behavior, as shown by DSC measurement. The fleece produced in this way should preferably be used for medical materials and in particular be sterilizable by means of gamma radiation. The US 7,223,818 again describes polymer blends in which a mixture of two different polyethylenes is used with. The two polyethylenes are said to have a specific dependence on their densities as well as their MFI.

From the movie section is from the WO 01/98409 A1 a mixture of polyethylenes, wherein the one polyethylene based on a metallocene catalyst is prepared and should have a density of less than 0.916 g / cm ³ . Furthermore, this polyethylene should be linear without long chain scission. The other polyethylene should have a density of 0.94 g / cm ³ or more. In turn, the polymer mixture should be suitable in particular for film production, namely blown film production or cast film production. That this polymer mixture can be used for nonwoven production, goes from the WO 01/98409 not apparent. Rather, only film applications and methods of preparation of various films and film laminates are described.

task The present invention is a nonwoven, a nonwoven fiber or to provide a polymer blend for producing nonwoven fibers, especially suitable for a lamination process Heat are.

These The object is with a nonwoven with the features of claim 1, with a non-woven fiber with the features of claim 7, with a Polymer blend having the features of claim 12 and a use solved with the features of claim 17. Further advantageous Embodiments and further developments are from the respective subclaims refer to.

A nonwoven fabric with a nonwoven fiber is proposed, which comprises a polymer mixture containing as base polymer a polyethylene with an MFI between 15 and 35, preferably between 15 and 20 g / 10 min. to ISO 1133 and having a density of 0.935 to 0.965 g / cm ³ according to ASTM D-792 and having at least the second polymer as an LLDPE having a density of between 0.85 and 0.90 g / cm ³ according to ASTM D-762.

Preferably The fleece is exclusively of such a nonwoven fiber produced. The fleece preferably has the nonwoven fiber in the form a so-called spunbonded on. For the production can this a REICOFIL 3 as well as a REICOFIL 4 system are used. But other manufacturing methods are possible. So For example, the nonwoven may be a carded nonwoven or a by a melt-blown process produced nonwoven

The Nonwoven fiber preferably has only the base polymer and the second polymer as polymer components. Furthermore the polymer mixture may contain additives, for example antioxidants, flame retardants, Have color pigments, UV stabilizers, or other additives, by means of which a property of the produced from the polymer mixture Fleece or nonwoven fiber should be adjusted.

According to a further development, it is provided that the base polymer constitutes at least 80% by weight of the polymer mixture, while the second polymer constitutes a weight fraction up to 20% by weight of the polymer mixture. A further embodiment provides that the second polymer is a polyolefin with an MFI of 3 to 7 g / 10 min after ISO 1133 is and preferably has a melting point in a range of 50 ° C to 100 ° C, preferably from 50 ° C to 70 ° C according to DSC measurement. The DSC measurement is performed according to DIN IN ISO 11 / 357-1 executed.

Farther it is preferred if the second polymer is an ethylene / alpha-olefin copolymer is. As alpha-olefin it is possible in particular to use: 1-propene, 1-butene, 1-pentene, 1-hexene, 1-heptene, 1-octene, 1-decene, 1-dodecene, 1-hexadecene, 4-methyl-1-pentene, 3-methyl-1-pentene, 3-methyl-1-butene and / or 3-ethyl-1-pentene; Vinylcyclohexane as well as terpolymers are also usable.

Of Furthermore, it is preferred if the polymer blend of polyethylene homo- and / or polyethylene copolymers. Again, terpolymers are used.

One embodiment of a proposed polymer mixture provides, for example, the use of a polyethylene produced under the manufacturer's name "ASPUN 6834" Dow company as a base polymer. This has an MFI of 17 g / 10 min according to ISO 1133 at a density of 0.95 g / cm ³ according to ASTM D-792 and a melting point of 130 ° C according to DSC measurement. This material is sold by the manufacturer as suitable for the production of non-woven fibers. Another polyethylene that can be used as the base polymer is polyethylene sold by Dow under the manufacturer's name "ASPUN 6834A". This has a density of 0.955 g / cm ³ according to ASTM D.792, an MFI of 30 according to ASTM D-1238 and a DSC melting point of 131 ° C.

As the second polymer for the preparation of the polymer mixture, the "Affinity EG 8200" marketed by the same manufacturer DOW is used, for example. This is a polyolefin plastomer manufactured according to the manufacturer by means of an INSITE catalyst, which is to be used to produce filled floor coverings as well as viscosity modifiers in calendered foam layers. An application for nonwoven fibers, however, is not known for this material. The polymer sold under the manufacturer name "Affinity EG 8200" has an MFI of 5 g / 10 min according to ISO 1133 , a density of 0.870 g / cm ³ according to ASTM D-792, a melting point of 60 ° C according to DSC measurement and a Vicat softening point of 45 ° C according to ISO 306 (Method A).

The influence of the second polymer in the polymer blend to increase a stretching property is illustrated by Table 1 below. Here, two different nonwoven weights, 35 g / m ² and 60 g / m ² , with different degrees of concomitant addition of the second polymer to the base polymer with respect to changes in properties were selected. It should be noted that the respective values resulting from these tables are neither to be interpreted restrictively, but rather are to be used as examples. They can be used as boundaries, respectively, to formulate different areas. However, the values determined on these exemplarily nonwovens are also detectable for other nonwoven weights as well as for intermediate values of admixture with second polymer to form the base polymer.

In Table 1, the first column indicates the nonwoven weight grammage used, the second column characterizes the values measured on a nonwoven prepared exclusively from a base polymer, the second column the addition of 5% by weight, the third column the addition of 10% by weight and the fourth column the addition of 15% by weight of the second Polyethylene to the base polyethylene. The first four columns on the left thus provide an overview of the behavior of the proposed polymer blend in the application of a nonwoven fabric to the base polymer. The fleece is otherwise a spunbonded fabric and was thermobonded with a calendering unit. On the right side of Table 1 further different comparative blends have been investigated, after they were also processed under the same production conditions to spunbonded nonwovens. The sixth column indicates that polyethylene was added as another, at 5% by weight to the same base polymer. The seventh and eighth columns reproduce the results for a 10 and 15 wt.% Addition to the base polymer. Particularly striking is the increase in the value of peak elongation in the MD and in the CD direction and in the elongation which occurs when the proposed polymer mixture is used. Such a value can not be achieved by the other two added polymers, once with 4% by weight and once with 15 wt .-% added to the base polymer, achieve. Incidentally, the values shown in Table 1 are measured according to the measurement methodology common to nonwovens, as proposed by Edana, for example.

An influence of the addition of the second polymer in the polymer mixture to the base polymer will be understood from the following illustration of 10 temperature measurements according to DSC curves also clarified.

From this representation 1 off 10 in the upper area on the left is the first heating and on the right is the cooling curve. The same is true in the lower part of the case. While the top two representations represent the base polymer alone, 10% of the second polymer is mixed in addition to the base polymer at the bottom of the diagram.

The various essential thermal properties of the different filaments with different second polymer are shown in Table 2:

As is apparent from the illustration 1 and the table 2, a Zumengung of the second polymer can be carried out without this significantly changes the property of the base polymer thermally. In particular, this means that, for example, the application temperatures known hitherto for the base polymer-for example in the extruder or in the spinning plates-need not be substantially changed, and a production process that has hitherto been stable with the base polymer remains stable despite the concentration. If, on the other hand, a change in a thermal property of the base polymer, such as a melting point, a softening temperature or a crystallization temperature, is desired, this can be achieved by additional addition of other additives or polymers.

On the other hand may be due to the addition of the second polymer to the Base polymer can be changed to a crystallinity. This can be reduced by adding the second polymer. The crystallinity can be based on the heat transfer calculated as the enthalpy delta H (melting or solidification enthalpy) become. With the addition of 10% by weight of Affinity EG8200 as the second polymer the basic polymer, for example, the crystallinity reduced by about 10%. It follows that less enthalpy of fusion is necessary, for example, at a Thermobondierschritt to be able to laminate the fleece with another layer.

A particularly preferred application results for one nonwoven or nonwoven fiber produced from such a polymer mixture, if this is arranged between two layers and by heat one bonded bond with the two layers creates. Preferably the nonwoven or the nonwoven fiber from the polymer mixture used as a bonding agent between two layers.

One Another advantage of a nonwoven or a nonwoven fiber such a polymer blend is thereby an elongation property of the nonwoven or the nonwoven fiber increases becomes. According to one embodiment, for example provided that an LLDPE in particular as described above for Raising an elongation property of a nonwoven fiber preferably as described above, used in one described above Polyethylene is used as a base polymer. A further education provides that a composite with a first, a second and a third layer is created. The second layer is between the first and the third layer arranged. The layers are stretched and exposed to heat. Preferably, the layers are doing also exposed to pressure. The second layer develops here at least to the first or to the second situation each a sticky property.

On this way, the bond between the first and the third Able to be created. For example, on this Lay several layers in a mold, stretched together under pressure and heat, thereby brought into a form and interconnected. In particular, there is the possibility that a geometry a nonwoven fiber and / or such a nonwoven based on a such polymer mixture dissolves under heat. If, for example, such a web or such Non-woven fiber as a substitute for the use of a hot-melt material used, the pressure or heat effect can lead to that after their action only the left over Polymer mixture of the nonwoven or the nonwoven fiber present is, however, the fleece itself or the nonwoven fiber in their geometry was dissolved.

One Another application of the nonwoven or a nonwoven fiber such a polymer blend is a deep drawing process. in this connection The fleece is introduced into a thermoforming mold. A stamp moves then the sheet material in the thermoforming mold and forms there the then contained layer material a composite. The task the nonwoven used or the nonwoven fibers used is on the one hand, to form an adhesive layer, the adjacent layers so strongly adhere to each other, that a solution of the composite produced in this way only by applying strong Breaking forces is possible. on the other hand becomes the above-described increase of the elongation property exploited the second Poylmer on the base polymer. For example can the nonwoven or the nonwoven fiber be used, around a carpet, especially a car carpet, a cover or other to produce.

According to one embodiment, it is provided, for example, that the fleece is inserted between a first layer of a first polymer material and a second layer of a second polymer material. The first polymer material and the second polymer material are both different and preferably have different softening and melt temperature properties, which substantially prevents sticking together of the two polymer materials, or endows them with only insufficient adhesion to one another. For example, it can be provided that the first layer consists of an EVA or has this on the surface, while the second layer comprises PET or consists thereof. For example, the second layer may be a velor carpet, while the first layer is a heavy layer. By bonding under pressure and heat, the nonwoven or the nonwoven fiber to at least sticky, can solve in particular under prolonged pressure and heat, and thus create either a full-surface composite or a discontinuous bond between the two layers.

Another area of application for the nonwoven or the nonwoven fiber relates, for example, to the production of acoustic components, as can be found, for example, in vehicles. But they can also be used in other areas, for example, for sound insulation or for the targeted sound technical shaping of rooms, such as opera rooms, theaters, cinemas or similar event spaces. However, it can also be occupied with such a material living room or other acoustically designed rooms. For example, a needle felt is used for this purpose, preferably a needle felt, which is between 40 to 150 g / m ² heavy. On a back of the needle felt, the fleece is used to connect the needle felt, for example, with an acoustic foam or other damping material. This may, for example, also be a so-called tear fleece, which is produced from shredded old clothes.

A nonwoven made with the proposed polymer blend is thermally bonded, for example, by the application of pressure and heat. For example, this can be done by means of a calendering process. An example of this goes from the US 3,855,046 out. Instead of a Thermobondierens there is the possibility that the fleece also receives a strength by means of hydroentanglement. In this regard, for example, on the US 4,021,284 as well as 4,024,612 directed. In order to be able to impart pre-stretch to the nonwoven, it is possible, for example, to stretch the nonwoven in the MD direction as well as in the CD direction. In this case, the MD direction represents the machine direction and the CD direction the transverse direction for this purpose. Stretching can take place simultaneously in both directions or in chronological succession. Embodiments of devices for this example, go from the US 4,116,892 , of the US 4,834,741 , of the US 5,143,679 , of the US 5,156,793 , of the US 5,167,897 , of the US 5,422,172 as well as the US 5,518,801 out.

The web is preferably prepared as a sole layer and sold further. However, there is also the possibility that the fleece is produced as a laminate with at least one further layer. This layer can also be a fleece. However, a movie can also be used. The layers may be thermally bonded together, bonded or joined together by other suitable means. For example, spray adhesives, so-called hot-melt adhesives, latex-based adhesives or other adhesives can be used. Furthermore, a bonding process by means of ultrasound welding done as well as by water jets. For example, this goes from the WO 02/055778 A1 out. Furthermore, there is the possibility of needling layers together. Also, different layers may be brought together and bonded together while at least one of the layers is still in a tacky state. Various methods as well as devices for lamination go, for example, from US 6,013,151 as well as from the US 5,932,497 out.

The Polymer mixture, for example, only in an extruder itself are formed, for which purpose the extruder has a first and a second feed for each polymer. Also can beyond that, further additives and additions to the polymer mixture be supplied. For example, a twin-screw extruder Find use to make the polymer mixture then, if it is needed for the production of non-woven fibers. A Another embodiment provides that the polymer mixture as a batch prefabricated and fed to the extruder.

Furthermore, it is possible to produce a particularly soft nonwoven by means of the proposed polymer mixture. For example, for this purpose, a manufacturing process can be used, as he from the WO 02/312 45 A2 evident. Furthermore, the nonwoven may also be made such that it has thermally reversible and thermally irreversible bonds. For this purpose, for example, on the US 20050037194 A directed.

Furthermore, there is the possibility that the polymer mixture is used to produce an SM or SMS material, as for example from the US 5,178,931 or the US 5,188,885 is apparent, wherein a so-called melt-blown material according to the US 3,704,198 respectively US 3,849,241 can be produced.

Of There is also the possibility of a bicomponent fiber to produce, which has the primary mixture. The bicomponent fiber This can be a core-shell structure or another structure with separable areas of different polymers or Have polymer mixtures.

The Nonwoven or the nonwoven fiber can also be used as a non-woven film laminate become. The film can be, for example, one or more layers, wherein preferably a nonwoven facing side of the film is a polyethylene having. This creates a particularly secure connection between created on the two outer sides of the film and the fleece.

From the DE 10 2005 048 443 various uses and examples of such laminates as well as information regarding the possible manufacturing methods show. Also refer to various advantageous additives to be used. A bond between film and nonwoven can also be supported by electrostatic charging.

A manufacturing apparatus for producing a spunbonded nonwoven, for example, from the WO 05/040474 A1 out. In this device, the non-woven storage is supported by the fact that an electrostatic charge is shared, in addition to the effect of a diffuser. Another manufacturing method for producing spunbond filaments and a nonwoven fabric made therefrom is known from WO 04/020722 A2 refer to.

The Fleece can be due to its nature in a variety of Applications use, here only by way of example without claim to Completeness: in medical Area, for example a stoma bag, covers, smocks, Facial masks, for ladies and baby hygiene articles, for example as a "backsheet" or as a "topsheet", which for example can also have an order, in diapers, in bandages, at Incontinence articles, as printing overlay, as protective surface, as a packaging material, as a separator, as a vapor-permeable but waterproof material, as an adhesive material for example in the use of micro-loops and entangling means, for example by making available areas with loops by appropriate embossing of the fleece, as a fastening material in locking systems, as a contact surface for an adhesive, as a contact agent between two surfaces For example, a bed and a bed pad, as part of a Wall hangings or wallpaper or floor material, as a cleaning or Polishing agent, in protective clothing, for example in a coverall, in close-up applications. As an oil and / or grease absorber and / or cleaning agents, in sportswear, sports accessories and / or sports equipment or shoes, in clothing such as in gloves, in jackets, or the like, as packaging For example, in bottles, in CD cases, as a sheath, as a decoration, in the automotive sector, in the dashboard, as cladding material for wrapping an object, as a coating, in Roofing materials, as a roof underlay or part thereof, as a housewrap, as a building material, as an underlay or underdeck formwork track, as wall cover, in new buildings, in a renovation, a cover, in loft conversions, as a water, steam or air barrier or as facade membrane, can be used in one or more layers, as strips, for example specific ones Covers, for example, in the roof area to achieve or to serve as a substrate support, as a component a carpet or other floor covering, as a noise and / or thermal insulation, as filter medium, as sedimentation agent, as an identification agent, for example as a creaming cloth, as storage means of substances that later on use slow or abruptly be released, for example, by diffusion release, as Eyeglass cleaning cloth, as a loading material for grains and / or powder, as an intermediate layer in a hygiene article, in the sanitary area, z. In a towel, in a swimming cap, as a drainage agent, as a color marking, as a signal marking, as a protective cover, as a wound covering material, in elastic bandages, as a cigarette filter, as a surface material in a disposable or disposable article, as cover material at stroke, Coating or other work, for the breeding of Cell cultures, in elastic materials, such as toiletries as so-called "sidebands", "wastebands" and / or also elastic closures, in Saugpads, like also in other applications.

The various applications also require various additives, so that the nonwoven and / or the nonwoven laminate contained provides the properties that are necessary for the particular application. For example, a UV stabilizer can be mixed in addition. Preferably, a weight fraction of at least 1 wt .-% to 5 wt .-% UV stabilizer is added. Preference is given to a UV stabilizer with the CAS no. 193098-40-7 and / or 067845-93-6. For example, a UV absorber, a HALS stabilizer and / or a so-called quencher can be used as a UV stabilizer. A UV absorber filters the ultraviolet wave spectrum from the light. The energy of the light to be absorbed is converted into heat. A level of UV absorption depends on a drug concentration and a wall thickness of the final product. Benzophenes, triazoles and also trazines can be used as UV absorbers. As HALS stabilizers (hindered amine light stabilizer) such additives are used which prevent a reaction of aggressive photo-oxidation products, in particular of radicals and peroxides. By adjusting an active ingredient concentration, a product life of the web and / or the Lamiants can be adjusted. HALS stabilizers can be, for example, polymers HALS, oligomeric HALS, NOR-HALS and / or substituted HALS. A quencher deactivates radicals and ultimately dissipates energy in the form of heat. For example, it is known that nickel can be used as such a quencher. In addition to these UV stabilizers may preferably be carried out in addition to equipment with heat stabilizers. Thermostabilizers are preferably antioxidants which can protect the polyethylene used as well as the UV stabilizer even during processing. Preferably, the heat stabilizers as well as the UV stabilizers in the form of a masterbatch are added to the polymer. As thermal stabilizers, for example, phenols or phosphites are used.

Furthermore, reference is made in the scope of the disclosure to UV stabilizers, as shown in the US 6,100,208 emerge, as well as there the polymer blends with matched UV stabilizers and respective weights and pigments for nonwoven fibers. This disclosure is included in this specification.

A further increase in UV stabilization results from that a titanium dioxide content in a polymer is increased. For example, it can be provided that a titanium dioxide content is provided by more than 5 wt .-% of a nonwoven fiber. Preferably For example, the first layer comprises a nonwoven fiber having such a portion on titanium dioxide. Another increase in UV stabilization results when using a reflection means in at least one of the layers of the laminate. For this purpose, for example, a metallization, a metal coating and / or a metal layer may be provided, in particular in the form of a film which has been incorporated into the laminate becomes. Another embodiment provides that metal particles are provided at least on a surface, the one have highly reflective property. An additional Increase in UV stabilization results when used of soot particles, especially in connection with polyethylene. By the soot particles in the polyethylene material itself becomes the Polyethylene less susceptible to UV rays.

Of further there is the possibility that the fleece electrostatically is charged, for example by Additivierung. Also, that can Fleece read electrical insulator or as electrical conductor be used, for example, by adding an electrically conductive Substance. Also, the fleece in the filter area, especially in the inner filter area be used, for example, as a location of several, for Depositing, for example, coarse particles and / or bonding different layers.

Further advantageous embodiments and features will become apparent from the following Figures each explained in more detail. The illustrated there However, examples are not restrictive, but exemplary. The features described below are each also with features from the other figures as well as with features of The disclosure described above can be linked to further embodiments. Show it:

1 A first spinning system, which works according to a first method for producing a spunbonded nonwoven,

2 a second apparatus for producing a spunbonded fabric,

3 a deep drawing process using the nonwoven as a composite layer

4 a section of a first product,

5 another section of a second product,

6 a cross section through a nonwoven fiber,

7 . 8th and 9 each a cross section through a bicomponent fiber, and

10 a representation 1 with temperature measurement according to DSC curves.

1 shows a first device 1 for the production of proposed nonwoven fibers 2 , About an extruder 3 For example, a polymer mixture is fed as a batch, melted and passed through an extruder head 4 a spinpack 5 fed. The extruder head 4 as well as the spinning package 5 are each separately heated. In the spinpack 5 is a spinning plate 6 arranged. Through the spinning plate 6 becomes the polymer coming from the extruder 7 pushed through. After emerging from the spinning plate 6 becomes the polymer 7 continued in individual threads and a Quencheinrichtung 8th cooled and stretched. The quen cheinrichtung provides that a quench medium 9 , which is indicated by the arrows, from the spin plate 6 stripped polymer threads 10 cools. After passing through this one-part quench section 11 become the polymer threads 10 in a gap area 12 guided. In the gap area 12 First, a driving medium for acceleration 13 fed. This may in particular be blowing air. Spaced apart becomes a spreading medium 14 fed, which serves to the polymer threads 10 in a subsequent diffuser area 15 spread open. A spread can also be supported by an electric charge. The stretched and spread nonwoven fibers 16 can then be stored and further processed on a storage device not shown. With the illustrated device and selected parameters, it is possible to make a nonwoven as described above. For this purpose, the first device 1 downstream of a bonding device, in particular a calender, so that in a sequence of the polymer melt, the further processing to nonwoven fibers to solidification by the calender, the web can be produced without additional steps.

2 shows a second device 17 that an extruder 18 having. The extruder 18 has a first section 19 , a second section 20 , a third section 21 , a fourth section 22 and a fifth section 23 , The sections 19 to 23 are each heated differently. Furthermore, the extruder 18 a heated extruder head 24 on. The melted polymer becomes a spin pack under conditioned conditions via the extruder head 25 guided. About the spinpack 25 and about those in the spinpack 25 contained spinning plate 26 becomes the pressurized polymer 27 in a chamber 28 introduced. The chamber 28 indicates the spinpack 25 opposite to ordered output. The output may be formed in particular in a gap shape as shown. In particular, a gap width 29 be changed adjustable. The exit 28 preferably flows into a housing 30 , which preferably has a diffuser area 31 having. The diffuser area 31 allows spreading of the nonwoven fibers 32 if they are filed. The diffuser area 31 upstream or downstream can be provided an electrostatic charge. This can also be integrated in the diffuser area and additionally support a spreading. Adjacent to the diffuser region and in particular preferably also sealingly arranged are a first 33 and a second roll area 34 arranged. The role areas 33 . 34 are preferably such that an improved extraction of a quench medium by the storage device 35 is possible. In particular, below a screen belt 36 the storage device 35 a suction 37 be arranged. The suction 37 can be adjusted preferably with different extraction volumes by changing a suction device 38 , The deposited nonwoven fibers 32 are then passed over a calender 39 compacted, in particular thermobonded. This is indicated by the calender 39 an embossing roll 40 and a smooth roller 41 on. Between the embossing roller 40 and the smooth roller 41 becomes an embossing gap 42 formed, wherein the line pressure prevailing therein is adjustable. About a subsequent Aufwicklungsvorrichtung 43 the nonwoven can be wound up and stored or further processed as a drum. On the screen belt 36 can the second device 17 arranged upstream, for example, a non-illustrated Abwickler or another layer manufacturing device. For example, an underlay can thus be used in an in-line process 44 are supplied to the spun web deposited and then bonded. This can be a film, another fleece or even a different layer.

3 shows an exemplary embodiment of a pressing device 45 in which a fleece 46 consisting of the polymer mixture between a first 47 and a third 48 Location as a second location 49 is interposed. Preferably, these three layers may be previously laminated together. However, they can also be supplied individually and only by the subsequent pressing process together form a composite that is tear-resistant. By applying heat and pressure via a plunger 50 , whose travel is indicated by arrows, can be influenced by adjusting the temperature as well as the pressure itself, whether the fleece 46 or the nonwoven fibers used at least partially still remain or whether the nonwoven completely dissolves and creates an adhesive bond between the first and the third layer. This is indicated schematically by dissolution of the second layer, which is removed from the pressing device in the form of the schematically indicated deep drawing device. The advantage of using the fleece is that in a deep-drawing process as shown schematically, the fleece 46 can follow the two externally attached layers in the stretching. This avoids that places of reduced adhesion caused by tearing of the web. Rather, a full-surface adhesive bond is made possible due to the elongation of the fleece. The means of the fleece 46 Incidentally, the product produced can be used, for example, for automotive applications, for example as a cover, as a thermal insulator or as a damping material. Furthermore, the fleece itself can also find use in hygiene products, for example as an outer layer, which can come in connection with the skin.

4 shows a section of a first product 51 , The product 51 has a pre-rolled polyethylene fleece 52 on its surface 53 on. For example, the product may be a two-ply material as shown. This laminate may be, for example, a film-nonwoven laminate.

5 shows a section of a second product 54 , The second product 54 is for example an SMS material whose layers are thermobondiert each other. Preferably, the layers have been embossed in a single operation not only with each other but also each themselves. At least one of the spunbond layers is a proposed nonwoven with a polyethylene surface.

6 shows a cross section through a nonwoven fiber 55 , It has a core 56 which preferably contains another polymer, for example a polypropylene. A surface 57 the nonwoven fiber has at least partially the polyethylene mixture. The polyethylene can over the entire surface, in particular with changing surface geometry, as well as interrupted the core 56 as a coat 58 cover. Interruptions are present, they can be advantageously provided for example for a thermal bonding with an oxidation layer.

7 . 8th and 9 each show different cross sections through bicomponent fibers. In addition to a full-surface fiber of the proposed polyethylene material, the bicomponent fiber offers the advantage of being able to influence desired properties of the nonwoven, such as tensile strength, by targeted selection of the other polymers. The polyethylene mixture forms in the illustrated nonwoven fibers at least partially, in particular completely the surface.

The 10 shows a representation 1 of temperature measurements according to DSC curves. Preparation 1: DSC chromatogram of filaments made exclusively from the base polyethylene (top), and base polyethylene + 10% by weight Affinity EG8200 (bottom). First heating (left) and cooling curve (right)

QUOTES INCLUDE IN THE DESCRIPTION

This list The documents listed by the applicant have been automated generated and is solely for better information recorded by the reader. The list is not part of the German Patent or utility model application. The DPMA takes over no liability for any errors or omissions.

Cited patent literature

• - US 6391443 [0004, 0004]
• - US 7223818 [0004, 0004]
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Cited non-patent literature

• - ISO 1133 [0008]
• - ISO 1133 [0011]
• - DIN IN ISO 11 / 357-1 [0011]
• - ISO 1133 [0014]
• - ISO 1133 [0015]
• - ISO 306 [0015]

Claims (24)

Nonwoven fabric comprising a nonwoven fiber comprising a polymer mixture containing as base polymer a polyethylene having an MFI between 15 and 35, preferably between 15 and 20 g / 10 min according to ISO 1133 and a density of 0.935 to 0.965 g / cm ³ according to ASTM D 792 and which has, as at least the second polymer, an LLDPE having a density between 0.85 and 0.900 g / cm ³ according to ASTM D-762. Nonwoven according to claim 1, characterized in that the base polymer constitutes at least 80% by weight of the polymer blend, while the second polymer weighs up to 20 wt .-% of the polymer mixture has. Nonwoven according to claim 1 or 2, characterized the second polymer is a polyolefin having an MFI of 3 to 7 g / 10 min to ISO 1133 and preferably has a melting point in a range of 50 ° C and 100 ° C, preferably from 50 ° C to 70 ° C according to DSC measurement having. Nonwoven according to claim 1, 2 or 3, characterized the second polymer is an ethylene alpha-olefin copolymer. Nonwoven according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the polymer blend is made of polyethylene homo- and / or copolymer. Nonwoven according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that arranged between two layers is and by heat a bonded bond with the layers creates. Nonwoven fiber of a polymer blend with a polyethylene as a base polymer having an MFI between 15 and 35, preferably 15 and 20 g / 10 min to ISO 1133 and a density of 0.935 to 0.965 g / cm ³ according to ASTM D-792 and at least a second Polymer in the form of an LLDPE having a density between 0.85 and 0.900 g / cm ³ according to ASTM D-762. Nonwoven fiber according to claim 7, characterized the base polymer constitutes at least 80% by weight of the polymer mixture, while the second polymer weighs up to 20 wt .-% of the polymer mixture has. Nonwoven fiber according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the second polymer is a polyolefin an MFI of 3 to 7 g / 10 min to ISO 1133 and preferably a melting point in a range of 50 ° C and 100 ° C, preferably from 50 ° C to 70 ° C according to DSC measurement having. Nonwoven fiber according to claim 8, 9 or 10, characterized the second polymer is an ethylene-alpha-olefin copolymer. Nonwoven fiber according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the polymer blend is made of polyethylene homo- and / or copolymer. A polymer blend, in particular for the production of nonwoven fibers, having as base polymer a polyethylene having an MFI between 15 and 35, preferably 15 and 20 g / 10 min according to ISO 1133 and a density of 0.935 to 0.965 g / cm ³ according to ASTM D-792 and which has as the second polymer an LLDPE having a density between 0.85 and 0.900 g / cm ³ according to ASTM D-762. Polymer mixture according to claim 12, characterized in that the base polymer constitutes at least 80% by weight of the polymer mixture, while the second polymer weighs up to 20 wt .-% of the polymer mixture has. Polymer mixture according to claim 12 or 13, characterized characterized in that the second polymer is a polyolefin with a MFI of 3 to 7 g / 10 min to ISO 1133 is and preferably one Melting point in a range of 50 ° C and 100 ° C, preferably from 50 ° C to 70 ° C according to DSC measurement having. Polymer blend according to claim 12, 13 or 14, characterized characterized in that the second polymer is an ethylene alpha-olefin Copolymer is. Polymer mixture according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the Po lymermischung made of polyethylene homo- and / or copolymer. Using an LLDPE to increase an elongation property a nonwoven fiber, preferably a nonwoven fiber according to at least one of claims 7 to 11, made from a polyethylene as a base polymer is. Use of a nonwoven with the characteristics of a of claims 1 to 6 as adhesion promoter between two Layers between which the fleece is placed. Use according to at least one of the claims 17 or 18 for producing a composite with a first, a second and a third layer, wherein the second layer between the the first and the third layer is arranged, wherein the layers stretched and be exposed to heat while keeping the second layer at least to the first and to the second layer towards a sticky property developed and a bond between the first and the third Location creates. Use according to one of claims 17 to 19, with several layers placed in a mold, under pressure and Heat stretched together, put in a form and with each other get connected. Use according to one of claims 17 to 20, wherein a geometry of a nonwoven fiber and / or the nonwoven is dissolved due to a heat effect. Use according to one of the preceding claims in a deep drawing process. Use according to one of the preceding claims as a hot-melt substitute. Use according to one of the preceding claims for the production of a car carpet.