DE102006048292A1 - Process to form produce a non-woven fleece from molten polymer spun onto to a ribbon substrate under high voltage - Google Patents

Process to form produce a non-woven fleece from molten polymer spun onto to a ribbon substrate under high voltage Download PDF

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Publication number
DE102006048292A1
DE102006048292A1 DE102006048292A DE102006048292A DE102006048292A1 DE 102006048292 A1 DE102006048292 A1 DE 102006048292A1 DE 102006048292 A DE102006048292 A DE 102006048292A DE 102006048292 A DE102006048292 A DE 102006048292A DE 102006048292 A1 DE102006048292 A1 DE 102006048292A1
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Germany
Prior art keywords
polymer
high voltage
under high
woven fleece
molten polymer
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DE102006048292A
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German (de)
Inventor
Anke Jung
Andreas Seeberger
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Irema-Filter GmbH
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Irema-Filter GmbH
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Priority to DE102006048292A priority Critical patent/DE102006048292A1/en
Publication of DE102006048292A1 publication Critical patent/DE102006048292A1/en
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H3/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length
    • D04H3/02—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length characterised by the method of forming fleeces or layers, e.g. reorientation of yarns or filaments
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01D—MECHANICAL METHODS OR APPARATUS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS
    • D01D5/00—Formation of filaments, threads, or the like
    • D01D5/0007—Electro-spinning
    • D01D5/0015—Electro-spinning characterised by the initial state of the material
    • D01D5/0023—Electro-spinning characterised by the initial state of the material the material being a polymer melt
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
    • D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
    • D04H1/54—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties by welding together the fibres, e.g. by partially melting or dissolving
    • D04H1/56—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties by welding together the fibres, e.g. by partially melting or dissolving in association with fibre formation, e.g. immediately following extrusion of staple fibres
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H3/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length
    • D04H3/016—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length characterised by the fineness
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H3/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length
    • D04H3/08—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length characterised by the method of strengthening or consolidating
    • D04H3/16—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length characterised by the method of strengthening or consolidating with bonds between thermoplastic filaments produced in association with filament formation, e.g. immediately following extrusion

Abstract

In a process to produce a non-woven fleece of plastic micro- or nano-fibres, polymer is extruded from a hopper through a number of spinning jets, each jet emitting a fibre. The fibres come to rest on a substrate. A high voltage potential difference exists between the polymer feed material and an electrode in contact with the substrate. The polymer feed material is held at readiness in molten condition and the voltage applied is greater than 5000 V/cm. The polymer fibre diameter is between 50 and 2000 nm. The polymer has a low surface tension value and a melt flow index of greater than 600 and is polypropylene.

Description

Die Erfindung richtet sich auf ein Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Faservlieses aus Kunststoff-Micro- und/oder Nanofasern, wobei im Austrittsbereich eines Polymer-Vorrats eine Mehrzahl von Spinndüsen angeordnet ist und durch jede Spinndüse nach dem Austreten des Polymers eine Polymerfaser erzeugt wird, wobei die Polymerfasern auf einem Trägermaterial abgelegt werden und mittels wenigstens einer Elektrode eine Hochspannung zwischen dem Polymervorrat und der Elektrode bzw. dem Trägermaterial angelegt wird.The The invention is directed to a process for producing a fibrous web made of plastic micro- and / or nanofibers, wherein in the exit region of a Polymer supply a plurality of spinnerets is arranged and through every spinneret after the polymer has exited, a polymer fiber is produced, wherein the polymer fibers are deposited on a carrier material and by means of at least one electrode between a high voltage the polymer supply and the electrode or the carrier material is applied.

Herkömmlicherweise besteht der Polymervorrat aus einer Lösung des Polymers. Lösungsmittel und darin befindliches Polymer werden aufgrund elektrostatischer Kräfte von der Spinndüse zur Elektrode beschleunigt. Dabei bilden die Polymermoleküle Fasern aus und das Lösungsmittel verdampft. Die so gebildeten Polymerfasern treffen auf der Elektrode auf bzw. werden auf einem Träger oberhalb der Elektrode abgelegt.traditionally, the polymer supply consists of a solution of the polymer. Solvent and therein polymer are due to electrostatic forces of the spinneret accelerated to the electrode. The polymer molecules form fibers off and the solvent evaporated. The polymer fibers thus formed strike the electrode or be on a carrier placed above the electrode.

Das Arbeiten mit einer derartigen Lösung weist eine Mehrzahl von Nachteilen auf, insbesondere die Notwendigkeit besonderer Sicherheitsmaßnahmen. Weiterhin muss das Lösungsmittel aufgefangen und entsorgt werden.The Working with such a solution has a plurality of disadvantages, in particular the necessity special security measures. Furthermore, the solvent must be collected and disposed of.

Hiervon ausgehend liegt der Erfindung die Aufgabe zugrunde, Kunststofffasern bzw. ein aus solchen Fasern bestehendes Vlies mit einem umweltfreundlichen, gesundheitlich unbedenklichen und trotzdem äußerst wirtschaftlichen Verfahren bei verbesserter Qualität des Endprodukts herzustellen.Of these, the invention is based on the object, plastic fibers or a non-woven consisting of such fibers with an environmentally friendly, safe and yet extremely economical process with improved quality of the final product.

Diese Aufgabe wird erfindungsgemäß dadurch gelöst, dass der Polymervorrat durch eine Polymerschmelze gebildet ist und die angelegte Spannung über 5.000 V/cm beträgt.These Task is inventively characterized solved, that the polymer supply is formed by a polymer melt and the applied voltage over 5,000 V / cm.

Hierdurch wird die Verwendung eines Lösungsmittels entbehrlich und es werden alle damit einhergehenden Nachteile vermieden.hereby becomes the use of a solvent dispensable and all the associated disadvantages are avoided.

Es ist auf diese Weise möglich, sehr dünne Polymerfasern zur Beschichtung eines plissierfähigen Partikelfilter-Trägermaterials zu erzeugen, welches zur Herstellung von Paneelfiltern oder V-Zellen verwendet werden kann. Es wird eine Verbesserung der Filterleistung durch eine signifikant höhere Abscheidleistung ohne entsprechend höheren Druckverlust aufgrund des sogenannten Slip-Flow-Effekts erreicht.It is possible in this way very thin polymer fibers for coating a plissierfähigen Particulate support material which is used for the production of panel filters or V-cells can be. It will improve the filter performance a significantly higher Abscheidleistung without correspondingly higher pressure loss due achieved the so-called slip-flow effect.

Insbesondere kann vorgesehen sein, dass der Durchmesser der Polymerfasern eine Größenordnung zwischen 50 und 2.000 nm, insbesondere zwischen 50 nm und 50 μm besitzt.Especially can be provided that the diameter of the polymer fibers a Magnitude between 50 and 2000 nm, in particular between 50 nm and 50 microns has.

Die Durchführung des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens wird dadurch erleichtert, dass die Polymerschmelze eine niedrige Oberflächenspannung aufweist, wobei der melt-flow-index (MFI) der Polymerschmelze vorzugsweise größer als 600 ist.The execution the method according to the invention is facilitated by the fact that the polymer melt is a low Having surface tension, wherein the melt flow index (MFI) of the polymer melt is preferably greater than 600 is.

Weiterhin günstig ist die Verwendung eines Polymers in Form eines Polypropylens mit relativ niedriger Molekülkettenlänge von ca. 5.000 bis 200.000.Farther Cheap is the use of a polymer in the form of a polypropylene with relatively low molecular chain length of about 5,000 to 200,000.

Der Abstand der Spinndüsen des Spinnbalkens liegt vorzugsweise zwischen 0,02 cm und 2 cm.Of the Spacing of the spinnerets the spinning beam is preferably between 0.02 cm and 2 cm.

Nachfolgend wird die Erfindung anhand eines bevorzugten Ausführungsbeispiels in Verbindung mit der Zeichnung näher erläutert. Diese zeigt in Form einer schematischen Darstellung den Aufbau einer Vorrichtung zur Durchführung des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens.following The invention is based on a preferred embodiment in connection closer to the drawing explained. This shows in the form of a schematic representation of the structure of a Apparatus for carrying out the method according to the invention.

In der Zeichnung ist ein Polymervorrat in Form eines Behälters mit einer Polymerschmelze mit einem nachgeordneten Spinnbalken mit einer Mehrzahl von Spinndüsen vorgesehen, aus denen Polymerfasern 2 austreten, wobei auf diese Weise ein Filtermedium 3 auf einem Träger 4 in Form eines in der Zeichnung von rechts nach links bewegten Laufbandes 5 abgelegt wird.In the drawing, a polymer reservoir is provided in the form of a container with a polymer melt with a downstream spinning beam with a plurality of spinnerets, from which polymer fibers 2 emerge, in this way a filter medium 3 on a carrier 4 in the form of a moving in the drawing from right to left treadmill 5 is filed.

Zwischen einem Kollektor 6 und einer Hochspannungsquelle 7 wird eine Hochspannung angelegt, die praktisch zwischen den Spinnbalken und dem Träger 4 wirksam wird.Between a collector 6 and a high voltage source 7 a high voltage is applied, practically between the spinning beam and the carrier 4 takes effect.

Claims (6)

Verfahren zur Herstellung von Kunststoff-Micro- und/oder Nanofasern eines Faservlieses, wobei im Austrittsbereich eines Polymer-Vorrats eine Mehrzahl von Spinndüsen angeordnet ist und durch jede Spinndüse nach dem Austreten des Polymers eine Polymerfaser erzeugt wird, wobei die Polymerfasern auf einem Trägermaterial abgelegt werden und mittels wenigstens einer Elektrode eine Hochspannung zwischen dem Polymervorrat und der Elektrode bzw. dem Trägermaterial angelegt wird, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass – der Polymervorrat durch eine Polymerschmelze gebildet ist und – die angelegte Spannung über 5.000 V/cm beträgt.A process for the production of plastic micro- and / or nanofibers of a non-woven fabric, wherein in the outlet region of a polymer supply a plurality of spinnerets is arranged and by each spinneret after the exit of the polymer, a polymer fiber is produced, wherein the polymer fibers are deposited on a carrier material and by means of at least one electrode a high voltage between the polymer supply and the electrode or the carrier material is applied, characterized in that - the polymer supply is formed by a polymer melt and - the applied voltage is above 5,000 V / cm. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Durchmesser der Polymerfasern eine Größenordnung zwischen 50 und 2000 nm, insbesondere zwischen 50 nm und 50 μm besitzen.Method according to claim 1, characterized in that the diameter of the polymer fibers is between 50 and 2000 nm, in particular between 50 nm and 50 microns have. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Polymerschmelze eine niedrige Oberflächenspannung aufweist.Method according to claim 1, characterized in that that the polymer melt has a low surface tension. Verfahren nach Anspruch 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der melt-flow-index (MFI) der Polymerschmelze größer als 600 ist.Method according to claim 3, characterized that the melt flow index (MFI) of the polymer melt greater than 600 is. Verfahren nach Anspruch 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Polymer ein Polypropylen mit relativ niedriger Molekülkettenlänge von ca. 5000 bis 200.000 ist.Method according to claim 3, characterized that the polymer is a relatively low molecular chain length polypropylene of is about 5000 to 200,000. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Abstand der Spinndüsen zueinander zwischen 0,02 cm und 2 cm liegt.Method according to claim 1, characterized in that that the distance of the spinnerets each other is between 0.02 cm and 2 cm.
DE102006048292A 2006-10-12 2006-10-12 Process to form produce a non-woven fleece from molten polymer spun onto to a ribbon substrate under high voltage Withdrawn DE102006048292A1 (en)

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DE102006048292A DE102006048292A1 (en) 2006-10-12 2006-10-12 Process to form produce a non-woven fleece from molten polymer spun onto to a ribbon substrate under high voltage

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN106633359A (en) * 2016-10-19 2017-05-10 中国科学院长春应用化学研究所 Polypropylene composite material with low melt surface tension

Citations (10)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4215682A (en) * 1978-02-06 1980-08-05 Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company Melt-blown fibrous electrets
US4904174A (en) * 1988-09-15 1990-02-27 Peter Moosmayer Apparatus for electrically charging meltblown webs (B-001)
DE69116373T2 (en) * 1990-09-24 1996-05-30 Exxon Chemical Patents Inc CHARGER AND METHOD FOR MELT-BLOWED FABRICS
DE10053263A1 (en) * 2000-10-26 2002-05-08 Creavis Tech & Innovation Gmbh Oriented meso and nanotube fleece
US20030148691A1 (en) * 2002-01-30 2003-08-07 Pelham Matthew C. Adhesive materials and articles containing the same
WO2004016839A1 (en) * 2002-08-16 2004-02-26 Samshin Creation Co., Ltd. Apparatus for producing nanofiber utilizing electrospinning and nozzle pack for the apparatus
WO2005021607A1 (en) * 2003-08-27 2005-03-10 Flexsys B.V. Process for enhancing the melt strength of polypropylene
DE102004009887A1 (en) * 2004-02-26 2005-07-21 Ticona Gmbh Production of microfine fibres or powder for use e.g. in non-wovens or coating powders, involves electrostatic spinning or spraying from a thermoplastic polymer melt, e.g. polybutylene terephthalate
WO2005100654A2 (en) * 2004-04-08 2005-10-27 Research Triangle Institute Electrospinning of fibers using a rotatable spray head
WO2006071977A1 (en) * 2004-12-27 2006-07-06 E.I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company Electroblowing web formation process

Patent Citations (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4215682A (en) * 1978-02-06 1980-08-05 Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company Melt-blown fibrous electrets
US4904174A (en) * 1988-09-15 1990-02-27 Peter Moosmayer Apparatus for electrically charging meltblown webs (B-001)
DE69116373T2 (en) * 1990-09-24 1996-05-30 Exxon Chemical Patents Inc CHARGER AND METHOD FOR MELT-BLOWED FABRICS
DE10053263A1 (en) * 2000-10-26 2002-05-08 Creavis Tech & Innovation Gmbh Oriented meso and nanotube fleece
US20030148691A1 (en) * 2002-01-30 2003-08-07 Pelham Matthew C. Adhesive materials and articles containing the same
WO2004016839A1 (en) * 2002-08-16 2004-02-26 Samshin Creation Co., Ltd. Apparatus for producing nanofiber utilizing electrospinning and nozzle pack for the apparatus
WO2005021607A1 (en) * 2003-08-27 2005-03-10 Flexsys B.V. Process for enhancing the melt strength of polypropylene
DE102004009887A1 (en) * 2004-02-26 2005-07-21 Ticona Gmbh Production of microfine fibres or powder for use e.g. in non-wovens or coating powders, involves electrostatic spinning or spraying from a thermoplastic polymer melt, e.g. polybutylene terephthalate
WO2005100654A2 (en) * 2004-04-08 2005-10-27 Research Triangle Institute Electrospinning of fibers using a rotatable spray head
WO2006071977A1 (en) * 2004-12-27 2006-07-06 E.I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company Electroblowing web formation process

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN106633359A (en) * 2016-10-19 2017-05-10 中国科学院长春应用化学研究所 Polypropylene composite material with low melt surface tension

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