DE102006044906A1 - Plasma burner used in the production of coatings on surfaces comprises a secondary gas stream partially flowing around a material feed to focus the material injection into the center of the plasma produced - Google Patents
Plasma burner used in the production of coatings on surfaces comprises a secondary gas stream partially flowing around a material feed to focus the material injection into the center of the plasma produced Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- DE102006044906A1 DE102006044906A1 DE102006044906A DE102006044906A DE102006044906A1 DE 102006044906 A1 DE102006044906 A1 DE 102006044906A1 DE 102006044906 A DE102006044906 A DE 102006044906A DE 102006044906 A DE102006044906 A DE 102006044906A DE 102006044906 A1 DE102006044906 A1 DE 102006044906A1
- Authority
- DE
- Germany
- Prior art keywords
- plasma
- collecting anode
- plasma torch
- secondary gas
- anode
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K10/00—Welding or cutting by means of a plasma
- B23K10/02—Plasma welding
- B23K10/027—Welding for purposes other than joining, e.g. build-up welding
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
- B05B7/00—Spraying apparatus for discharge of liquids or other fluent materials from two or more sources, e.g. of liquid and air, of powder and gas
- B05B7/16—Spraying apparatus for discharge of liquids or other fluent materials from two or more sources, e.g. of liquid and air, of powder and gas incorporating means for heating or cooling the material to be sprayed
- B05B7/20—Spraying apparatus for discharge of liquids or other fluent materials from two or more sources, e.g. of liquid and air, of powder and gas incorporating means for heating or cooling the material to be sprayed by flame or combustion
- B05B7/201—Spraying apparatus for discharge of liquids or other fluent materials from two or more sources, e.g. of liquid and air, of powder and gas incorporating means for heating or cooling the material to be sprayed by flame or combustion downstream of the nozzle
- B05B7/205—Spraying apparatus for discharge of liquids or other fluent materials from two or more sources, e.g. of liquid and air, of powder and gas incorporating means for heating or cooling the material to be sprayed by flame or combustion downstream of the nozzle the material to be sprayed being originally a particulate material
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F9/00—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof
- B22F9/02—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes
- B22F9/12—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from gaseous material
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C4/00—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge
- C23C4/12—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge characterised by the method of spraying
- C23C4/134—Plasma spraying
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05H—PLASMA TECHNIQUE; PRODUCTION OF ACCELERATED ELECTRICALLY-CHARGED PARTICLES OR OF NEUTRONS; PRODUCTION OR ACCELERATION OF NEUTRAL MOLECULAR OR ATOMIC BEAMS
- H05H1/00—Generating plasma; Handling plasma
- H05H1/24—Generating plasma
- H05H1/26—Plasma torches
- H05H1/32—Plasma torches using an arc
- H05H1/42—Plasma torches using an arc with provisions for introducing materials into the plasma, e.g. powder, liquid
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05H—PLASMA TECHNIQUE; PRODUCTION OF ACCELERATED ELECTRICALLY-CHARGED PARTICLES OR OF NEUTRONS; PRODUCTION OR ACCELERATION OF NEUTRAL MOLECULAR OR ATOMIC BEAMS
- H05H1/00—Generating plasma; Handling plasma
- H05H1/24—Generating plasma
- H05H1/26—Plasma torches
- H05H1/32—Plasma torches using an arc
- H05H1/44—Plasma torches using an arc using more than one torch
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
- B05B5/00—Electrostatic spraying apparatus; Spraying apparatus with means for charging the spray electrically; Apparatus for spraying liquids or other fluent materials by other electric means
- B05B5/025—Discharge apparatus, e.g. electrostatic spray guns
- B05B5/053—Arrangements for supplying power, e.g. charging power
- B05B5/0533—Electrodes specially adapted therefor; Arrangements of electrodes
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F2998/00—Supplementary information concerning processes or compositions relating to powder metallurgy
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F2999/00—Aspects linked to processes or compositions used in powder metallurgy
Abstract
Description
Die Erfindung bezieht sich auf einen Plasmabrenner der im Oberbegriff des Anspruchs 1 angegebenen Gattung.The The invention relates to a plasma torch in the preamble of claim 1 specified genus.
Ein
derartiger Mehrkathodenbrenner ist beispielsweise aus der
Eine
etwas andere Bauweise zeigt die
Auch hier kann es zu Pulverablagerungen an der Stirnfläche des die Jets zusammenführenden und gekühlten Bauteiles kommen, was zu Verstopfungen führen kann. Auch können sich die Ablagerungen ablösen und führen dann zu Fehlern in der zu erzeugenden Beschichtung. Ein weiterer Nachteil der hier beschriebenen Lösung besteht darin, dass durch die Zusammenführung der drei Plasmajets es hinter der Düse zur Aufweitung des Pulverstrahles kommt, so dass nur sehr kurze Plasmadüsen eingesetzt werden können. Auch entstehen im Bereich der Zusammenführung der Plasmen Wirbelzonen, die zu Schwingungen in den zusammengeführten Plasmajets führen können, was zu einer unruhigen, nicht gewünschten Strömungsausbildung führt.Also This can lead to powder deposits on the face of the the jets merging and cooled Components come, which can lead to blockages. Also, you can replace the deposits and lead then errors in the coating to be produced. Another Disadvantage of the solution described here is that through the together the three Plasmajets it behind the nozzle to the expansion of the powder jet comes, so that only very short plasma nozzles can be used. Also arise in the field of merging the plasmas vortex zones, which can lead to vibrations in the merged Plasmajets what to a restless, unwanted flow training leads.
Hier setzt die Erfindung an, deren Aufgabe darin besteht eine Pulvereindüsung zwischen Kathodenansatz und Anodenfußpunkt der Lichtbögen zu ermöglichen bei gleichzeitig sehr hohem thermischen Wirkungsgrad mit reduzierter Abkühlung der Plasmen bei Einsatz langer Beschleunigungsdüsen mit daraus rührenden hohen Partikelgeschwindigkeiten zur Erhöhrung der Qualität der erzeugten Schichten.Here uses the invention whose task is a powder injection between Cathode approach and Anodenfußpunkt the arcs to enable at the same time with a very high thermal efficiency with reduced Cooling the plasmas when using long accelerating nozzles with touching it high particle velocities to increase the quality of the generated Layers.
Mit einem Plasmabrenner der eingangs bezeichneten Art wird diese Aufgabe gemäß der Erfindung dadurch gelöst, dass eine erste, die Werkstoffzuführung zumindest teilweise umströmende Sekundärströmung zur Fokussierung der Werkstoffeindüsung in das Zentrum des erzeugten Plasmas vorgesehen ist.With a plasma torch of the type described is this task according to the invention solved by that a first, the material supply at least partially flowing around the secondary flow to Focusing the material injection is provided in the center of the generated plasma.
Mit der durch die Erfindung vorgesehenen Sekundärströmung wird eine sehr genaue Eindüsung der Werkstoffe ermöglicht.With the secondary flow provided by the invention becomes a very accurate one Injection of the Materials allowed.
Mit dieser Sekundärgasströmung wird auch erreicht, dass der Lichtbogenbereich vom Eindüsungsbereich des Zusatzwerkstoffes getrennt wird, so dass es möglich ist, stromabwärts des Kathodenbereiches das Plasma mit der Sekundärgasströmung und dem Pulver zu mischen, so dass das Pulver beschleunigt und aufgeheizt wird.With this secondary gas flow is also achieved that the arc area of the injection area of the filler is separated so that it is possible to downstream the cathode area to mix the plasma with the secondary gas flow and the powder, so that the powder is accelerated and heated.
Ausgestaltungen der Erfindung ergeben sich aus den Unteransprüchen, wobei insbesondere vorgesehen sein kann, dass zusätzlich eine zweite Sekundärgasströmung zur Fokussierung der Plasmaströmung (Plasmajets) vorgesehen ist.refinements The invention will become apparent from the dependent claims, in particular provided can be that in addition a second secondary gas flow to Focusing the plasma flow (Plasmajets) is provided.
An dieser zweiten Sekundärgasströmung lassen sich auch die Fußpunkte der Lichtbögen beeinflussen, gleichzeitig ergibt eine Art Mantelgasstrom einen Schutz gegen das Anbacken von Partikeln auf der Innenseite der Bannerdüsen.At let this second secondary gas flow also the foot points the arcs affect, at the same time gives a kind of jacket gas flow one Protection against the caking of particles on the inside of the banner nozzles.
Zweckmäßig kann es sein, die zylindrische Werkstoffzuführung und die Mehrzahl von Kathodenkanälen mit Plasmagaszuführung in einem eine erste Sammelanode bildenden Bauteils zu positionieren, wobei es Vorteilhaft ist stromabwärts im Bündelbereich der Plasmagasströmungen und Werkstoffeindüsung und diesen umgebenden Sekundärgas eine zweite Sammelannode vorzusehen, wie dies ein weiteres Merkmal der Erfindung darstellt.Appropriately it may be the cylindrical material feed and the plurality of cathode channels with plasma gas supply to position in a component forming a first collecting anode, it is advantageous downstream in the bundle region of plasma gas flows and Werkstoffeindüsung and this surrounding secondary gas one provide second Sammelannode, as another feature of the Invention represents.
Im Bereich der Sammelanode kann dank der speziellen Strömungsführung durch Sekundärgase eine Beschleunigungsdüse nach der Erfindung vorgesehen sein.in the Area of the collecting anode can thanks to the special flow through Secondary gases one acceleration nozzle be provided according to the invention.
Erfindungsgemäß ist die erste zentrische Sammelanode unter Freilassung eines Ringraumes für die äußere zweite Sekundärgasströmung von einem gekühlten Gehäuse umgeben, wobei nach der Erfindung auch vorgesehen sein kann, dass die Sammelannode das Gehäuse und/oder die Beschleunigungsdüse als gekühlte, insbesondere wassergekühlte Bauteile ausgebildet sind.According to the invention, the first centric collecting anode is surrounded by a cooled housing, leaving an annular space for the outer second secondary gas flow, wherein after Invention can also be provided that the Sammelannode the housing and / or the acceleration nozzle are designed as cooled, in particular water-cooled components.
Die Erfindung sieht auch ein Verfahren zur Erzeugung von Beschichtungen auf Oberflächen vor, dass sich dadurch auszeichnet, dass bei einem Plasmabrenner zunächst eine geringe Zündspannung zwischen den Kathoden und der ersten Sammelanode angelegt wird, nach Zündung des jeweiligen Lichtbogens die Zuführung des Plasmagases (Primärgases) gesteigert wird und eine Überführung des Lichtbogens an die zweite Sammelanode durch Erhöhung der anliegenden zweiten Anodenspannung vorgenommen wird.The The invention also provides a process for producing coatings on surfaces before that is characterized by the fact that in a plasma torch first a low ignition voltage between the cathode and the first collecting anode is applied after ignition of the respective arc the feeder of the plasma gas (primary gas) is increased and a transfer of the Arc to the second collecting anode by increasing the adjacent second Anodenspannung is made.
Damit wird gewährleistet, dass die Lichtbögen nach Zündung stromabwärts von der inneren ersten Sammelanode auf die äußere zweite Sammelanode "verschoben" werden.In order to is guaranteed that the arcs after ignition downstream be "shifted" from the inner first collecting anode to the outer second collecting anode.
Wird ein Verfahren mit einer zentrischen Drahtzufuhr als Werkstoffzufuhr eingesetzt, sieht die Erfindung vor, dass nach Zünden des oder der Lichtbögen zur Überführung mindestens eines Teiles der Lichtbögen auf die Tragspitze eine Anodenspanne zwischen dem Draht und den Kathoden soweit aufgebaut wird, dass wenigstens ein Teil der Lichtbögen die Drahtspitze beaufschlagt, wobei der andere Teil die zweite Sammelanode beaufschlagt.Becomes a method with a central wire feed as material supply used, the invention provides that after igniting the arc or arcs for the transfer at least part of the arcs on the supporting tip an anode gap between the wire and the Cathodes is constructed so far that at least a portion of the arcs the Wire tip is applied, wherein the other part of the second collecting anode applied.
Weitere Merkmale, Einzelheiten und Vorteile der Erfindung ergeben sich aufgrund der nachfolgenden Beschreibung sowie anhand der Zeichnungen. Diese zeigt inFurther Features, details and advantages of the invention will become apparent the following description and with reference to the drawings. These shows in
Von
dem allgemein mit
In
einem wassergekühlten
Gehäuse
An
das freie Ende des Brennerkopfgehäuses
Die
Energiequellen sind in den Figuren mit
Die
Betriebsweise des Plasmabrenners
Über
ein Zuführsystem
(Rohr
Via a feeding system (pipe
Um
diese Plasmagasströme
In
In
Zum
Verdampfen des stabförmigen
Materiales
Claims (9)
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE102006044906A DE102006044906A1 (en) | 2006-09-22 | 2006-09-22 | Plasma burner used in the production of coatings on surfaces comprises a secondary gas stream partially flowing around a material feed to focus the material injection into the center of the plasma produced |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE102006044906A DE102006044906A1 (en) | 2006-09-22 | 2006-09-22 | Plasma burner used in the production of coatings on surfaces comprises a secondary gas stream partially flowing around a material feed to focus the material injection into the center of the plasma produced |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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DE102006044906A1 true DE102006044906A1 (en) | 2008-04-17 |
Family
ID=39184715
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DE102006044906A Withdrawn DE102006044906A1 (en) | 2006-09-22 | 2006-09-22 | Plasma burner used in the production of coatings on surfaces comprises a secondary gas stream partially flowing around a material feed to focus the material injection into the center of the plasma produced |
Country Status (1)
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Cited By (12)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE102007041329A1 (en) | 2007-08-31 | 2009-03-05 | Thermico Gmbh & Co. Kg | Plasma torch, has ring anodes, where one ring anode is located at distance for temporary distribution of partial light arc per cathode of ring anode, and ignition anode arranged adjacent to two ring anodes in respective light arc channel |
CN101987391A (en) * | 2009-07-30 | 2011-03-23 | 日铁住金溶接工业株式会社 | Insert-chip, plasma torch and plasma processing device |
DE102010015891A1 (en) * | 2010-03-09 | 2011-09-15 | Industrieanlagen-Betriebsgesellschaft Mbh | Apparatus and method for producing nanoscale particulate solids and plasma torches |
DE102011002183A1 (en) | 2010-10-15 | 2012-04-19 | Industrieanlagen- Betriebsgesellschaft mit beschränkter Haftung | Apparatus and method for plasma-based production of nanoscale particles and / or for coating surfaces |
WO2012143024A1 (en) | 2011-04-20 | 2012-10-26 | Industrieanlagen-Betriebsgesellschaft Mbh | Device and method for the plasma-assisted production of nanoscale particles and/or for coating surfaces |
EP2465965B1 (en) * | 2010-12-15 | 2014-06-04 | LEONI Bordnetz-Systeme GmbH | Device and method for spraying a structure made of conductive material on a substrate |
DE102013205225A1 (en) | 2013-03-25 | 2014-09-25 | Wacker Chemie Ag | Production of silicon-containing nano- and micrometer-scale particles |
DE102007041327B4 (en) * | 2007-08-31 | 2017-05-11 | Thermico Gmbh & Co. Kg | Process and device for the production of nanopowder |
CN107124814A (en) * | 2017-06-20 | 2017-09-01 | 四川大学 | A kind of many negative electrode laminar flow plasma powder spheroidization devices |
DE102019105163B3 (en) * | 2019-02-28 | 2020-08-13 | Noble Powder GmbH | Plasma nozzle and plasma device |
CN114340127A (en) * | 2020-09-29 | 2022-04-12 | 新奥科技发展有限公司 | Cathode structure of plasma generator, electrode mechanism and plasma generator |
CN114340127B (en) * | 2020-09-29 | 2024-04-30 | 新奥科技发展有限公司 | Cathode structure of plasma generator, electrode mechanism and plasma generator |
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-
2006
- 2006-09-22 DE DE102006044906A patent/DE102006044906A1/en not_active Withdrawn
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US4675493A (en) * | 1986-01-31 | 1987-06-23 | Eutectic Corporation | Gas-constricted arc nozzle |
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Cited By (18)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE102007041329B4 (en) * | 2007-08-31 | 2016-06-30 | Thermico Gmbh & Co. Kg | Plasma torch with axial powder injection |
DE102007041327B4 (en) * | 2007-08-31 | 2017-05-11 | Thermico Gmbh & Co. Kg | Process and device for the production of nanopowder |
DE102007041329A1 (en) | 2007-08-31 | 2009-03-05 | Thermico Gmbh & Co. Kg | Plasma torch, has ring anodes, where one ring anode is located at distance for temporary distribution of partial light arc per cathode of ring anode, and ignition anode arranged adjacent to two ring anodes in respective light arc channel |
CN101987391A (en) * | 2009-07-30 | 2011-03-23 | 日铁住金溶接工业株式会社 | Insert-chip, plasma torch and plasma processing device |
CN101987391B (en) * | 2009-07-30 | 2016-10-05 | 日铁住金溶接工业株式会社 | Embedded chip, plasma-based torch and plasma-based processing unit (plant) |
DE102010015891A1 (en) * | 2010-03-09 | 2011-09-15 | Industrieanlagen-Betriebsgesellschaft Mbh | Apparatus and method for producing nanoscale particulate solids and plasma torches |
WO2012049248A1 (en) | 2010-10-15 | 2012-04-19 | Industrieanlagen-Betriebsgesellschaft Mbh | Device and method for the plasma-assisted production of nanoscale particles and/or for coating surfaces |
DE102011002183B4 (en) * | 2010-10-15 | 2014-04-30 | Industrieanlagen- Betriebsgesellschaft mit beschränkter Haftung | Apparatus and method for plasma-based production of nanoscale particles and / or for coating surfaces |
DE102011002183A1 (en) | 2010-10-15 | 2012-04-19 | Industrieanlagen- Betriebsgesellschaft mit beschränkter Haftung | Apparatus and method for plasma-based production of nanoscale particles and / or for coating surfaces |
EP2465965B1 (en) * | 2010-12-15 | 2014-06-04 | LEONI Bordnetz-Systeme GmbH | Device and method for spraying a structure made of conductive material on a substrate |
WO2012143024A1 (en) | 2011-04-20 | 2012-10-26 | Industrieanlagen-Betriebsgesellschaft Mbh | Device and method for the plasma-assisted production of nanoscale particles and/or for coating surfaces |
DE102013205225A1 (en) | 2013-03-25 | 2014-09-25 | Wacker Chemie Ag | Production of silicon-containing nano- and micrometer-scale particles |
WO2014154430A1 (en) | 2013-03-25 | 2014-10-02 | Wacker Chemie Ag | Production of silicon-containing nano- and micrometer-scale particles |
CN107124814A (en) * | 2017-06-20 | 2017-09-01 | 四川大学 | A kind of many negative electrode laminar flow plasma powder spheroidization devices |
DE102019105163B3 (en) * | 2019-02-28 | 2020-08-13 | Noble Powder GmbH | Plasma nozzle and plasma device |
WO2020173782A1 (en) * | 2019-02-28 | 2020-09-03 | Noble Powder GmbH | Plasma nozzle and plasma device |
CN114340127A (en) * | 2020-09-29 | 2022-04-12 | 新奥科技发展有限公司 | Cathode structure of plasma generator, electrode mechanism and plasma generator |
CN114340127B (en) * | 2020-09-29 | 2024-04-30 | 新奥科技发展有限公司 | Cathode structure of plasma generator, electrode mechanism and plasma generator |
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