CN1946355A - 调节性眼内镜片组件和调节测量植入体 - Google Patents

调节性眼内镜片组件和调节测量植入体 Download PDF

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CN1946355A
CN1946355A CNA2005800133479A CN200580013347A CN1946355A CN 1946355 A CN1946355 A CN 1946355A CN A2005800133479 A CNA2005800133479 A CN A2005800133479A CN 200580013347 A CN200580013347 A CN 200580013347A CN 1946355 A CN1946355 A CN 1946355A
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约书亚·本纳
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Nulens Ltd
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    • A61F2/02—Prostheses implantable into the body
    • A61F2/14—Eye parts, e.g. lenses, corneal implants; Implanting instruments specially adapted therefor; Artificial eyes
    • A61F2/16—Intraocular lenses
    • A61F2/1613—Intraocular lenses having special lens configurations, e.g. multipart lenses; having particular optical properties, e.g. pseudo-accommodative lenses, lenses having aberration corrections, diffractive lenses, lenses for variably absorbing electromagnetic radiation, lenses having variable focus
    • A61F2/1624—Intraocular lenses having special lens configurations, e.g. multipart lenses; having particular optical properties, e.g. pseudo-accommodative lenses, lenses having aberration corrections, diffractive lenses, lenses for variably absorbing electromagnetic radiation, lenses having variable focus having adjustable focus; power activated variable focus means, e.g. mechanically or electrically by the ciliary muscle or from the outside
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    • A61F2/02—Prostheses implantable into the body
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    • A61F2/1613—Intraocular lenses having special lens configurations, e.g. multipart lenses; having particular optical properties, e.g. pseudo-accommodative lenses, lenses having aberration corrections, diffractive lenses, lenses for variably absorbing electromagnetic radiation, lenses having variable focus
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    • A61F2/02—Prostheses implantable into the body
    • A61F2/14—Eye parts, e.g. lenses, corneal implants; Implanting instruments specially adapted therefor; Artificial eyes
    • A61F2/16—Intraocular lenses
    • A61F2/1613—Intraocular lenses having special lens configurations, e.g. multipart lenses; having particular optical properties, e.g. pseudo-accommodative lenses, lenses having aberration corrections, diffractive lenses, lenses for variably absorbing electromagnetic radiation, lenses having variable focus
    • A61F2/1616—Pseudo-accommodative, e.g. multifocal or enabling monovision
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    • A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
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    • A61F2/1648—Multipart lenses
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
    • A61F2/02—Prostheses implantable into the body
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    • A61F2002/1683—Intraocular lenses having supporting structure for lens, e.g. haptics having filiform haptics
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    • A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
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    • A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
    • A61F2/02—Prostheses implantable into the body
    • A61F2/14—Eye parts, e.g. lenses, corneal implants; Implanting instruments specially adapted therefor; Artificial eyes
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    • A61F2220/0008—Fixation appliances for connecting prostheses to the body
    • A61F2220/0016—Fixation appliances for connecting prostheses to the body with sharp anchoring protrusions, e.g. barbs, pins, spikes

Abstract

本发明涉及调节性眼内镜片(AIOL)组件，包括一在人眼睫状环沟自锚定植入，用于将AIOL保持在沿着人眼视轴的需要的位置的固定眼内镜片系统，以及一在包括动物眼试验性安装中测定调节和调节力的调节测定植入体(AMI)。

Description

调节性眼内镜片组件和调节测量植入体
技术领域
本发明涉及调节性眼内镜片组件和在包括动物眼的试验性安装中用于测量调节的装置。
背景技术
共同拥有的标题为“调节性镜片组件”的在PCT国际公布号为WO03/015669之下出版的PCT国际申请PCT/IL02/00693，列举和描述了调节性眼内镜片(accommodating intraocular lens)组件(下文称为AIOL)，其内容合并于此作为参考。所述AIOL组件包括一适合牢固地固定在人眼睫状环(annular ciliary)沟的固定眼内镜片系统(haptics system)，其固定于至少两个空间上分开的固定的锚定点，以便它可作为受人眼囊隔膜从后面方向作用于其上所影响并在括约肌样的睫状体的控制下的可连续改变的屈光强度的AIOL的一个参考平面。所述固定眼内镜片系统包括一硬质平坦的触觉平板，其设有一用于滑动伸展的可伸缩触觉部件。所述触觉平板和触觉部件最好如申请人的标题为“人工晶状体”的在PCT国际公布号为WO02/065951之下出版的PCT国际申请PCT/IL02/00128中列举和描述的是可自定锚的，其内容合并于此作为参考。但是，所述固定眼内镜片系统不易折叠，因此需要一个相对较大的切口用于AIOL组件插入人眼。更进一步地，人眼囊膈膜的前部运动可导致AIOL组件在前部方向的凸胀，而不是影响AIOL的屈光强度。此外，所述AIOL组件不能提供沿着人眼视轴的原地再调节，该再调节由于囊收缩可能是需要囊的，因此对象需求助于佩戴眼镜或者经受外科手术来矫正视力。
授予Laguette等人的美国专利US6,739,722列举和描述了用于人眼测量调节的装置，包括一标板(target)、一巴达尔透镜(Badal lens)和一视孔，其中巴达尔透镜和视孔这样定位，使得当标板朝向或者远离所述透镜移动时，无论标板移动的距离有多大，标板的视观大小对于在视孔中观看的对象保持不变。
发明内容
一般地说，本发明属于用于在人眼睫状环沟中自锚定植入的AIOL组件，其固定于至少两个最好是更多个空间上分开的固定的锚定点，并具有一能沿着人眼视轴原地选择性位移的可变屈光强度的AIOL，一般而言为了能够进行精确的视力矫正，具体而言是用于补偿囊膈膜的收缩。所述AIOL包括至少一个形状记忆光学元件，其可弹性自如地在第一屈光强度的自然形状和不同于第一屈光强度的第二屈光度的变形形状之间形状变换，借此所述AIOL具有在用于远视目的的最小屈光强度和用于近视目的的最大屈光强度之间的连续可变的屈光强度。所述第一屈光度可比所述第二屈光强度大，反之亦然。
所述AIOL组件可以被应用于包括一分离的固定眼内镜片系统用于选择性保留一分离的AIOL的两组分构造中，也可以被应用于包括一与AIOL整体成型的固定眼内镜片系统的整体构造中。两组分AIOL组件的轴向再定位涉及其AIOL相对于其触系统的位移，，该固定眼内镜片系统相对于它的固定锚定点仍然是固定的。与其相反的，整体AIOL组件的轴向再定位涉及调整其固定眼内镜片系统的部分的位置，相对于它的固定锚定点该固定眼内镜片系统保持住它的AIOL。。在后一种情况中，这可以通过固定眼内镜片系统来完成，该系统包括通过用选择性的电磁辐射辐照加热到所谓的玻璃转化温度(glass transmission temperature)时塑性地可形变的固定眼内镜片机构，玻璃转化温高于人眼正常温度36℃但是又足够低，不会损伤人眼的内部结构。
本发明还涉及调节测量植入体(accommodation measurement implant)(AMI)，用于在包括动物眼的实验性安装中测定调节和调节力。
附图说明
为了理解本并看出怎样在实践中实现本发明，现在通过非限制性的例子并参考所附的图叙述优选的实施方案，图中相似的部分相同标号，其中：
图1是自然近视情况下人眼前部沿人体轴平面的剖视图；
图2是自然远视视觉情况下人眼前部沿人体轴平面的剖视图；
图3是两组分AIOL组件的分解透视图，其包括本发明的一分离的固定眼内镜片系统和一分离的天然低屈光强度的AIOL；
图4是图3所示AIOL组件的装配前视图；
图5是图3所示AIOL组件的装配侧视图；
图6是图3所示AIOL在其沿图5的B-B线自然伸展位置的纵向剖视图；
图7是图3所示AIOL在沿图5的B-B线的压缩位置纵向剖视图；
图8是本发明的另外一个分离的天然低屈光强度AIOL在其自然状态的纵向剖视图；
图9是本发明的另外一个分离的天然高屈光强度AIOL在其自然状态的纵向剖视图；
图10是人眼前部的剖视图，展示了图3所示沿人眼视轴在人体轴平面的AIOL组件的初始位置。
图11是人眼前部的剖视图，展示了图3所示沿人眼视轴在人体轴平面补偿囊膈膜收缩的AIOL组件的后继位置；
图12是本发明的整体AIOL组件的透视图；
图13是图12所示AIOL组件的前视图；
图14是图12所示AIOL组件的侧视图；
图15是人眼前部的剖视图，展示了图12所示沿人球视轴在人体平面的AIOL组件的初始位置。
图16是人眼前部的剖视图，展示了图12所示沿人眼视轴在人体平面的补偿囊膈膜收缩的AIOL组件的后继位置；
图17是可调节尺寸的植入体的透视图，其用于在包括动物眼的实验性安装中测量调节和调节力；
图18是图17所示可调节尺寸植入体展开的剖视图。
具体实施方式
图1和图2分别是在人体轴平面中在天然的近视和远视情况下具有视轴VA的人眼10前部的剖视图。人眼10具有角膜11，其四周在环状的巩膜-角膜接合点连接到由称为巩膜12的韧性结缔组织构成的球形外体上。虹膜14从其处于巩膜-角膜结合点13的根部16向内延伸入人眼10，将人眼前部划分为前房17和后房18。类括约肌的外周结构(称为睫状体)19包括由副交感神经激活的容纳睫状突的睫状肌(ciliary processes housing ciliary muscles)21。睫状肌21连接到小带纤维22上，小带纤维22依次地外周连接到称为囊袋23的膜的中纬线边缘，前囊24和后囊26包裹着天然晶状体27。虹膜根部16和睫状体19在巩膜-角膜结合点13(称为睫状沟28)处界定了巩膜内表面的一部分。在天然晶状体27摘除后保留的前囊24的剩余部分和完整的后囊26在后文中称为囊膈膜29。睫状体19的收缩使晶状体27沿视轴VA方向加厚到其自然厚度T1，产生更大的正屈光度以适合近视觉(参见图1)。睫状体19的舒张拉紧小带纤维22，小带纤维22如图中箭头A所示径向地向外牵引囊袋23以压紧晶状体27沿着视轴VA减小其厚度到T2(T2＜T1)，得到较低的正屈光度以适合远视觉(参见图2)。
图3到图5展示了两部分AIOL组件31，其由适合的生物相容性材料(例如聚甲基丙烯酸甲脂)制成，包括一用于在人眼睫状沟28处自锚定植入的固定眼内镜片系统32，以将AIOL保持在其中，使裸眼(spctacle free)的视觉超过人视觉发标称范围。固定眼内镜片系统32包含一沿着纵轴36(参见图6)的轴向长度为L1的管状主壳体34，和一对直径相反的固定眼内镜片机构37在固定眼内镜片系统32的前视图中以相反的方向切向伸展。所述固定眼内镜片机构37具有一对平行且相反的结合板38，其上设有足够强度的尖锐穿刺元件39，用于强行穿入人眼巩膜12的坚韧结缔组织。穿刺元件39最好有一定尺寸，以便穿透巩膜稍微超过一半的厚度，大约为1毫米。
主壳体34是一个弹性分裂圈41形式，其上设有雄性端42用以可脱离地干扰插入互补的雌性端43，使主壳体34能够处于一个夹紧状态，牢固地将AIOL33夹紧在其中。雄性端42和雌性端43各自具有一个轴向的通孔44，以使分裂圈41能够通过适当的眼外科器械(未示出)分开而处于一个松开状态，以便AIOL33的轴移动达到定位目的，用于补偿囊状收缩，如果需要的话整个更换，等等。
所述固定眼内镜片机构37在与纵轴36垂直的平面上具有薄的外形，以便其具有充分的弹性如箭头C所示的方向环绕主壳体34，方便固定眼内镜片系统32更容易地通过一个相对较小的切口插入人眼。图4包括一个虚线绘制的固定眼内镜片机构37，用于展示其环绕主壳体34。所述固定眼内镜片机构37沿着纵轴36具有宽的外形，使得其能坚韧地对抗沿着其的压缩力。所述宽的外形最好从临近主壳体34的固定眼内镜片机构37近端到其远端逐渐变小。
AIOL 33包含一沿着纵轴48轴向长度为L2的管状套管47，一具有前表面51的光学引导清晰孔径透镜49，和一寻迹法兰52。所述套管轴长度L2比主壳体轴长度L1长，因此主壳体34能够沿着一个比主壳体轴长度L1长的调节行程与套管47完全接触。套管47滑动支撑一设有引导法兰的管状类活塞元件53和一顶住人眼囊膈膜29作为后表面的寻迹法兰56。AIOL 33容纳一由软性凝胶或者液体或者气体填充的薄膜的形状记忆光学元件57。所述软性的凝胶或者液体可以是硅酮基的或者水基的，例如平衡盐溶液(BSS)，或者任何其他具有和天然晶状体27具有相似或者更高折射率的生物相容性透明溶液。AIOL 33包括用来靠近主壳体34的法兰58以终止AIOL 33在后部方向的位移。
光学元件57具有一带有天然低屈光强度的天然圆盘形状用于远视觉目的，其驱使类活塞元件53到自然伸展位置(参见图6)。光学元件57通过人眼囊膈膜施与的力或其睫状体以前部方向作用于类活塞元件53的松弛作用，能够弹性自如地形变到形变的形状，使得类活塞元件53采取受压缩的位置，一些光学元件57向其鼓出，提供高屈光强度以适应近视觉目的(参见图7)。类活塞元件53通过在人眼睫状体的收缩光学时使元件57复原到其自然形状，被驱使从其压缩位置向外到其自然的伸展位置。因此，AIOL取决于类活塞元件53在套管57中的压缩程度，在适合远视觉目的的最大屈光强度与适合近视觉目的的最小屈光强度之间具有连续可变的屈光强度。
图8说明了AIOL 61也适合于布置在固定眼内镜片系统32中用于矫正人的视力。AIOL 61包括一具有纵轴63的管状套管62，和一构成前表面并具有一中心孔66的扁平孔透镜64。套管62容纳一自然圆盘形状的形状记忆光学元件67，和一具有平坦表面69紧靠光学元件67的半球形透明的类活塞元件68，以及突出的后表面71，人眼囊膈膜29直接挤压着它，影响AIOL的屈光强度。光学元件67具有自然的低屈光强度并且能够弹性伸缩自如地变形到形变形状，在人眼睫状体的舒张时其一部分鼓出穿过中心孔66，以增大AIOL的屈光强度。
图9说明了AIOL 81也适合布置在固定眼内镜片系统32用于矫正人的视力。AIOL 81包含一具有纵轴83的管状套管82，和一构成前表面的平-凸孔透镜84。套管82容纳一自然为球形的形状记忆光学元件86，和后表面87，人眼囊膈膜29直接挤压着它，影响AIOL屈光强度。光学元件86具有自然的高屈强光度并且在人眼睫状体的舒张时驱使其囊膈膜29以前部方向紧靠后表面87，能够弹性伸缩自如地变形到受压缩的形状，以便以类似于自然晶状体27的方式减小AIOL的屈光强度。
参考图10和图11，摘除天然晶状体27后，在人眼10中植入可变屈光强度的AIOL现在与AIOL组件31一起描述。安装AIOL组件31，使得AIOL的纵轴48与固定眼内镜片系统的纵轴36重合，并且环状法兰58如图6所示紧靠主壳体34。AIOL组件31通常在施予适当的肌肉松弛剂后以放松睫状肌和虹膜肌，因此使瞳孔扩张后植入人眼10。囊膈膜29因为天然晶状体27的摘除而部分松弛。图10说明了固定眼内镜片系统的穿刺元件39被用力地在固定锚定点AP插入巩膜12中，以保持AIOL组件31处于睫状环沟28中。图10同样说明了这样安装组件31，使得其纵轴36和48与视轴VA同向或者最好是同轴，并且寻迹法兰56被驱使以后部方向紧靠囊膈膜29，使囊膈膜29充分地紧绷，以驱使AIOL 33到其如图7所示的极端受压缩位置，具有最大的屈光强度以适合近视觉目的。睫状体19的收缩使AIOL33采取如图6所示的极端展开位置，具有最小的屈光强度以适合远视觉目的。在囊收缩的情况下，AIOL 33不能采取其极端的伸展位置，而是根据囊收缩强度至少保持局部压缩，因此减小其调节能力。如图11所见，AIOL 33通过撬开裂环41并以前部方向移动AIOL 33而恢复容纳能力，如AIOL的法兰58和分裂圈41之间的缝隙来证明。
图12至16展示了与AIOL组件31相似的AIOL组件91，但有如下两方面的不同：第一，AIOL组件91是整体结构，它包括一用于在人眼睫状沟28处与可变屈光强度的AIOL 93整体形成的至少两个固定锚定点AP的自锚定植入的固定眼内镜片系统92。第二，固定眼内镜片系统92具有一纵轴94，并包括一对固定眼内镜片机构96，其能够塑性地从相对于与轴94垂直的平面97的初始锐角θ1(参见图15)形变到更小的锐角θ2＜θ1(参见图16)，这样固定眼内镜片系统92能够使AIOL 93沿着人眼的视轴VA从初始位置原地选择性位移到需要的位置。这可通过如下方法实现：具有邻近AIOL 93的区域98的固定眼内镜片机构96用对辐射敏感的生物相容性化学品，例如对红外(IR)敏感的吲哚菁绿(ICG)等等浸泡，这样固定眼内镜片机构96能通过加热到高于人眼正常的36℃但是足够低的不会损害人眼精巧的内部组织的所谓的玻璃转化温度来塑性地形变。
图17和18展示了可调节尺寸的植入体(AMI)101，用于在包括与人眼相似的动物眼(因此同样编号)的试验性安装中测定调节和调节力。AMI 101包括一一般为矩形的硬质平面基底元件102，和一中心孔103。基底元件102包括一固定眼内镜片系统104，其形式为方向相反的尖锐穿刺元件106，用以在锚定点AP自锚定。一从前部方向放置在动物眼囊膈膜29的适当形状和尺寸的凸形元件107设有一具有销顶109并穿过孔103的直销108。销108沿着其上包括一系列的节距小于500微米，最好是250微米的刻度线。一螺旋压缩弹簧112放置在基底元件102和凸形元件112之间以促使二者分开，并由靠近基底元件102的销顶所限制。基底元件102、凸形元件107和销108最好由适合的生物可容性材料构成，例如不锈钢、聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯等等。调节作用确定为由睫状体19的舒张引起的销相对于基底元件102的位移的函数。销的位移可以由外部装置检测到，或者刻度线111可直接用眼观测。睫状体舒张所产生的实际的力可以被确定为压缩弹簧的弹性系数k和销的位移的函数。
尽管本发明通过有限数量的实施例描述，但是可以理解的是具有多种变化和改进，本发明的其他申请将落入附加的权利要求范围中。

Claims (25)

1.一种调节性眼内镜片(AIOL)组件，用于在人眼中的自锚定植入，具有视轴，并包括韧性结缔组织的巩膜、环状睫状沟、和具有用于沿视轴以前部方向绷紧囊隔膜的松弛状态类括约肌睫状体，所述AIOL组件包含：
(a)调节性眼内镜片(AIOL)，其具有一前表面和一后表面，和至少一个可弹性伸缩自如地在第一屈光强度的自然形状和不同于所述第一屈光强度的第二屈光强度形变形状之间变形的形状记忆光学元件，由此所述AIOL在适应远视觉目的的最小屈光强度和适合近视觉目的的最大屈光强度之间具有连续可变的屈光强度；和
(b)一固定眼内镜片系统，包含一具有纵轴和至少两个固定眼内镜片机构的主壳体，该两个固定眼内镜片机构各自至少设有一个尖锐的穿刺元件用以穿入人眼巩膜的韧性的结缔组织，以便在人眼睫状沟中在至少两个空间上分离的固定锚定点自锚定植入所述固定眼内镜片系统，以便使所述AIOL沿着人眼视轴保持在相对于所述至少两个固定锚定点原位选择性地可位移的需要的位置，以便从前部方向驱使所述后表面靠近人眼囊膈膜，以确定所述AIOL的屈光强度在想要的位置，在此位置上人眼睫状体的舒张驱使人眼囊膈膜从后部方向靠近所述后表面，以影响所述AIOL的屈光度。
2.如权利要求1所述的组件，其中所述固定眼内镜片系统包括一相对于所述至少两个空间上分离的固定锚定点固定的管状主壳体，并能够在夹紧状态和非夹紧状态之间被原位选择性操作，所述夹紧状态用于使分离的具有带纵轴的管状套管的AIOL保持在沿着人眼视轴处于想要的位置，所述非夹紧状态用于使所述分离的AIOL能够相对于所述固定的固定眼内镜片系统被选择性地位移到沿人眼视轴移到想要的位置。
3.如权利要求2所述的组件，其中所述主壳体沿着其纵轴的轴长为L1，并且所述套管沿其纵轴的轴长为L2，其中L2＞L1，使得所述主壳体能够在所述夹紧状态沿着比所述主壳体轴长度更长的调整行程完全接触所述套管。
4.如权利要求3所述的组件，其中所述AIOL包括一紧靠所述主壳体以阻止所述AIOL在后部方向位移的法兰。
5.如权利要求1所述的组件，其中所述固定眼内镜片系统与所述AIOL整体成型，所述至少两个固定眼内镜片机构各自包括一辐射敏感区域，能够在通过选择性的电磁辐射进行原位照射时发生塑性形变，使所述整体成型的AIOL能够原位选择性位移到沿着相对于所述至少两个空间上分离的固定锚定点的人眼视轴的想要的位置。
6.如权利要求5所述的组件，其中所述辐射敏感区域靠近所述主壳体。
7.如权利要求1至6的任一项所述的组件，其中所述AIOL包括一可在相应于所述第一屈光强度的自然伸展位置和相应于第二屈光强度的压缩位置之间相互变换的类活塞元件。
8.如权利要求1至7的任一项所述的组件，其中所述AIOL具有天然的低屈光强度，并且人眼睫状体的松弛增大所述AIOL的屈光强度。
9.如权利要求1至7的任一所项述的组件，其中所述AIOL具有天然的高屈光强度，并且人眼睫状体的舒张降低所述AIOL的屈光强度。
10.如权利要求1至9的任一项所述的组件，其中所述至少两个固定眼内镜片机构的每一个在垂直于所述固定眼内镜片系统纵轴的平面中具有薄的外形，使得所述至少两个固定眼内镜片机构充分地可弯曲，以便环绕所述主壳体；以及沿所述固定眼内镜片系统纵轴的宽的外形，使得所述至少两个固定眼内镜片机构能坚韧地对抗沿着其的压缩力。
11.如权利要求10所述的组件，其中所述宽的外形从靠紧主壳体的固定眼内镜片机构的近端朝向远离它的远端逐渐变细。
12.一种固定眼内镜片系统，用于将调节性眼内镜片(AIOL)保持在人眼中，所述人眼具有视轴并包括一韧性结缔组织的巩膜、一睫状环沟、和一具有用于沿视轴在前部方向绷紧囊膈膜的松弛状态的类括约肌睫状体，
所述AIOL具有一前表面和一后表面，和至少一个形状记忆光学元件可弹性伸缩自然地在具有第一屈光强度的自然形状和具有不同于第一屈光强度的第二屈光强度的形变形状之间变形，以此所述AIOL具有在适合远视觉目的的最小屈光强度和适合近视觉目的的最大屈光强度之间连续可变的屈光强度，
所述固定眼内镜片系统包含一具有纵轴的主壳体和至少两个固定眼内镜片机构，每个固定眼内镜片机构设有至少一个尖锐的穿刺元件用于穿入人眼巩膜的韧性的结缔组织，以在人眼睫状环沟至少两个空间上分开的固定锚定点自锚顶植入，以保持AIOL体沿着人眼视轴，
其中所述至少两个固定眼内镜片机构的每个固定眼内镜片机构在所述垂直于所述固定眼内镜片系统纵轴的所述平面中具有薄的外形，使得所述至少两个固定眼内镜片机构能充分地可弯曲，以便环绕所述主壳体，并且沿所述固定眼内镜片系统轴纵具有宽的外形，以便保持AIOL刚性地对抗沿着它的压缩力，使得人眼睫状体的舒张驱使人眼囊膈膜从后部方向紧靠AIOL的后表面，以影响AIOL的屈光强度。
13.如权利要求12所述的系统，其中所述宽的外形从靠紧主壳体固定眼内镜片机构的近端朝向远离它的远端逐渐变细。
14.如权利要求12或13所述的系统，其中所述固定眼内镜片系统包括一相对于所述的至少两个空间上分离的固定锚定点固定的管状主壳体，其能够在夹紧状态和非夹紧状态之间被原位选择性地操作，所述夹紧状态用于将具有带纵轴的管状壳体的分离的AIOL保持在沿着人眼视轴的需要的位置，所述非夹紧状态用于使分离的AIOL能够原位位移到沿人眼视轴相对于所述至少两个空间上分开的固定锚定点的想要的位置。
15.如权利要求14所述的系统，其中所述主壳体沿着其纵轴的轴长为L1，并且所述AIOL的套管沿其纵轴的轴长为L2，其中L2＞L1，使得所述主壳体能够在所述夹紧状态沿着比所述主壳体轴长度更长的调整行程完全接触所述AIOL的套管。
16.如权利要求12或13任一所述的系统，其中所述固定眼内镜片系统与所述AIOL整体成型，所述至少两个固定眼内镜片机构各自具有一辐射敏感区域，能够用选择性的电磁辐射原位照射发生塑性形变，使所述整体成型的AIOL原位选择性位移到沿着相对于所述至少两个空间上分离的固定锚定点的人眼视轴的想要的位置。
17.如权利要求16所述的系统，其中所述辐射敏感区域靠近所述主壳体。
18.一种分离的(AIOL)，用于在人眼中植入，所述人眼具有视轴，并包括一韧性结缔组织的巩膜、一环状睫状沟、和一具有用于沿视轴在前部方向绷紧囊膈膜的类括约肌睫状体，
一分离的固定眼内镜片系统，具有一带纵轴的主壳体和至少两个固定眼内镜片机构，各自至少设有一个尖锐的穿刺元件以穿入人眼巩膜韧性的结缔组织，以便在人眼睫状沟中至少两个空间上分离的固定锚定点处的自锚定植入，以便将AIOL沿着人眼视轴保持在相对于至少两个空间分离的固定锚定点的原位选可择性位移的需要的位置，
所述AIOL包含一具有纵轴的分离的管状套管，一前表面和一后表面，以及至少一个可弹性伸缩自如地在具有第一屈光强度的自然形状和不同于所述第一屈光强度的第二屈光强度之间形变的形状记忆光学元件，由此AIOL在适应远视觉目的的最小屈光强度和适合近视觉目的的最大屈光强度之间具有连续可变的屈光强度；
所述后表面被驱使从前部方向抵近人眼的囊隔膜，以便确定AIOL在所需位置的屈光强度，使得人眼睫状体的舒张驱使人眼囊膈膜从后部方向抵近所述后表面，以影响所述AIOL的屈光强度。
19.如权利要求18所述的可调节人工晶状体，其中所述固定眼内镜片系统的主壳体沿着起纵轴的轴长为L1，并且所述套管沿其纵轴的轴长为L2，其中L2＞L1，使得所述主壳体能够在所述夹紧状态沿着比所述主壳体轴长度更长的调整行程完全接触所述套管。
20.如权利要求18或19任一所述的AIOL，其中所述套管在相应于所述第一屈光强度的伸展位置和相应于第二屈光强度的压缩位置之间滑动支撑一类活塞元件。
21.如权利要求18至20的任一项所述的AIOL，进一步包含一紧靠所述固定眼内镜片系统以阻止所述AIOL后部方向位移的法兰。
22.如权利要求18至21的任一项所述的AIOL，其中所述AIOL具有天然的低屈光强度，并且人眼睫状体的舒张增大所述AIOL的屈光强度。
23.如权利要求18至21的任一项所述的AIOL，其中所述AIOL具有天然的高屈光强度，并且人眼睫状体的舒张降低所述AIOL的屈光强度。
24.一种调节测量植入体，用于在包括动物眼的实验性安装中的测量调节，该动物眼具有视轴，并包括一韧性结缔组织的巩膜、一环状睫状沟、和一具有用于沿视轴在前部方向绷紧囊膈膜松弛状态的类括约肌睫状体，所述植入体包含：
(a)一硬质基底元件，其上设有用于穿入动物眼巩膜的坚韧结缔组织，以便在动物眼睫状环沟中的至少两个空间上分开的固定锚定点自锚定所述基底元件并具有中心孔的固定眼内镜片系统；
(b)一用以从前部方向置于动物眼囊膈膜并在后部方向偏离所述基底元件以驱使囊膈膜在后部方向的凸形元件，并具有一穿过所述孔直立的销，因此动物眼睫状体的舒张驱使所述动物眼囊膈膜处于前部方向，以便驱使所述销穿过所述孔。
25.如权利要求24所述的植入体，其中所述销沿着其至少部分长度设有刻度线。
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US10912643B2 (en) 2021-02-09
US7842087B2 (en) 2010-11-30
SG148077A1 (en) 2008-12-31
CN1946355B (zh) 2011-12-07
IL178710A (en) 2012-08-30
WO2005104994A3 (en) 2005-12-15
HK1101340A1 (en) 2008-01-18
US20080004699A1 (en) 2008-01-03

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