CN1812943A

CN1812943A - Multi-layer fire barrier systems

Info

Publication number: CN1812943A
Application number: CN 200480015712
Authority: CN
Inventors: 约翰·W·鲁滨逊; 安东尼·M·马扎尼; 克雷格·L·卡特赖特
Original assignee: Goodrich Corp
Current assignee: Goodrich Corp
Priority date: 2003-06-06
Filing date: 2004-06-03
Publication date: 2006-08-02
Also published as: IL172107A0

Abstract

A fire-barrier system comprises at least one alkali silicate resin composition layer and at least one layer of any of the following: an insulation layer, an intumescent layer, a foam layer, a corrugated layer, a reflective surface layer, and a reinforcing material layer. The fire-barrier system when utilize in association with a substrate such as wood, a polymer, etc. provides enhanced fire resistance performance, thermal barrier, an oxidation barrier, and the like.

Description

Multilayer fire protection systems

Cross-referencing

This application is based on fire partitions on 6 June 2003 raised, serial number 60/476, 671 U.S. provisional patent application, the application is on February 12, 2004 in the United States made Application No. 10/777, 885, entitled "inorganic base composition, the incorporation of an inorganic composite material body and a manufacturing Law "section continue to apply, this application claims 1 June 2001 a patent application filed in the United States 09/871, 765 rights, which in turn requires at September 20, 2000 in the United States proposed, and serial number 60/233, 952, entitled "inorganic base composition, composite material and its manufacturing method," provisional patent application Please right; This application also claims the June 1, 2001 in the United States proposed, serial number 09/871, 998 Patent applications covering subject matter claimed in the U.S. 10/777, 885 part continue to apply, 09/871, 998 also requested Up to 20 September 2000 in the United States proposed, serial number 60/233, 985, the name "inorganic matrix Composition and the incorporation of the inorganic substrate composite material composition "right provisional patent application In this will All of the above application is incorporated herein, in order to make reference. ...

The present invention relates to improved fire partitions system or multi-layer system, said system comprising at least one layer without Machine polymer matrix layer, wherein the polymer matrix layer from the alkali metal silicates, one or more non-silicate Network formation and / or a reactive glass, and optionally a second network modifier. Other layers may be Any level below: insulating layer, the expansion layer, the foam layer, a corrugated layer, a reflective surface layer, as a single Was added to the layer or any layer, is preferably added to the polymer matrix layer, an inorganic reinforcing material. More Speaking body, said layer under high temperature and flame can be used as a core, an intermediate layer or to protect the external separator to make Use of wood, metal and the like. ...

Inorganic base is used as a composite material, porous material, a binder, a honeycomb material, such as foam material Or composite materials, fire-retardant adhesive. As loose materials, which are used to form a shaped object Body, when cured to provide structural materials. As a composite material, the matrix composition is used to impregnate the fabric, The impregnated fabric may be impregnated with other similar fabric together to form a composite laminate, and Molding and is cured to form a shaped object. Such materials and similar bulk material, but with texture The advantage was enhanced.

Currently we are most familiar composite systems are based on organic polymer matrix, such as epoxy / glass Fiber, epoxy / carbon fiber, polyurethane / glass fiber, PVC / glass fibers, polyimide / quartz fiber Dimension, polyester / glass fiber and nylon / glass fiber. Although the organic polymer composite material exhibits excellent Physical and mechanical properties, but in flammability, smoke generation, and high temperature gas has limitations. An organic polymer matrix composite material by adding an inorganic component may be flammable and / or additives to be reduced Low. The hydrocarbon and hydrocarbon polymers used in a halogen atom (eg chlorine) substituted for a hydrogen atom can greatly reduce fuel And generating smoke / gas, but when the temperature is higher than 250 ℃ will degrade at temperatures higher than 450 ℃, eventually burning Technology. Thermoplastic polymer at a relatively low temperature (about 100-300 ℃) under will be deformed, and, as Designed for high temperature organic polymers are generally high due to material and processing costs which are prohibited. ...

Due to afford the alkali metal silicate is used as the inorganic binder material substrate. For example, granting Davidovits U.S. Patent 4,472,199,4,509,985,4,888,311,5,288,321, 5,352,427,5,539,140 or 5,798,307; U.S. Patent 4,936,939 granted Woolum; or grant I Rauch, U.S. Patent 4,284,664.

Fire doors, as a form of fire partitions, in North America alone there are billions of dollars in the market, Europe Continents as well. Since 9.11 disasters and pressure from insurance companies, the government began to increasingly stringent Legislation, so fire door market is expected to further expand. The technology is based on manufacturing fire doors fire doors need Level reached. Fire doors fire resistance test performance measured through the test measurements remain in the fire door In the case of sufficient strength to resist the flame time. Test procedures may be different, but in the United States usually Using a procedure that Warnock-Hersey procedures. The procedures include E-119 Time - combustion temperatures song Line, which at the end of the test with or without the jet fire tests. Therefore, a goalkeeper in one oven Where exposed to the flame on a certain time, for example, 60 minutes, and then the door is hit by a fire jet. Can Enough to maintain the integrity of the goalkeeper passed the test. Most resistant to the gate 20 minutes to several hours can be divided 20,45,60 and 90 minute levels for the door. 20 minutes door-level structure and materials, and 90 minutes Level door structure and materials have substantial difference, it is not only reflected in the fire rating, and also reflected in the On the cost of the door. ...

20 minutes level doors can be a simple wooden or plastic doors, it is at the door with a swellable tape to seal The door. And 60 minutes or 90 minutes grade level in addition to the door with the expansion of the door with the outside, we still need Certain types of a core to give extra time. The core material according to the door structure and a variety of effects. First, passive fire protection of the core to prevent the flame penetration of the door. Second, the core so that no side of the fire was isolated to During the test, kept at low temperature. Thirdly, the core after exposure to fire jet pilot flame During helps maintain the structural integrity of the door. Fire door core can be used to play all these roles Or just one or two of them to play the role. Moreover, the core of the three aspects of the Effect of the door Different structures and materials will be different. Most 90 minutes with the door of the core metal plates of mineral Door. The first door of the mineral core insulation material as steel, fire protection of steel and said spacer And maintain the strength of the flame test, in order to achieve the purpose of testing by the jet fire. There are a few paneling Doors (fashion doors and door tracks) with 90 minutes fire protection level. In most cases, the core of these gates are There is a swelling material. The core is mainly used for fire partitions and doors without the fire side of the insulating layer, and as The extent of structural materials is very limited. The door side of the timber without the fire as the primary structural material for offset Fire jet impact resistance. ...

Examples of existing structures can be found from the existing patent. For example, granting Holter other inventors U.S. Patent 4,270,326 teaches the use of fire doors in the ceramic or glass fiber fabric, where the Fibers from the needle-like fibers bonded together. Hastings granted U.S. Patent 4,879,320 is Teach us a flame retardant coatings, fire retardant coatings, including the dispersed and suspended material in which the expansion of the liquid and Various sizes of refractory fibers. Gibb granted U.S. Patent 4,756,945 and 4,936,064 teach me Have a fireproof board having embedded in it from one or reinforcing material on the surface of a refractory base Body composition. Gibb's 4,756,945 patent teaches us a non-combustible coating material, the coating material Material made from inorganic fibers, they form a fire-porous cloth, a non-combustible, heat-expandable layer can be adhered to the base Lamellar side. U.S. Patent 4,801,486 granted Buchacher taught us a firewall, It consists of containing and graphite / epoxy or Kevlar ...^Examples of existing structures can be found from the existing patent. For example, granting Holter other inventors U.S. Patent 4,270,326 teaches the use of fire doors in the ceramic or glass fiber fabric, where the Fibers from the needle-like fibers bonded together. Hastings granted U.S. Patent 4,879,320 is Teach us a flame retardant coatings, fire retardant coatings, including the dispersed and suspended material in which the expansion of the liquid and Various sizes of refractory fibers. Gibb granted U.S. Patent 4,756,945 and 4,936,064 teach me Have a fireproof board having embedded in it from one or reinforcing material on the surface of a refractory base Body composition. Gibb's 4,756,945 patent teaches us a non-combustible coating material, the coating material Material made from inorganic fibers, they form a fire-porous cloth, a non-combustible, heat-expandable layer can be adhered to the base Lamellar side. U.S. Patent 4,801,486 granted Buchacher taught us a firewall, It consists of containing and graphite / epoxy or Kevlar ...

Examples include the granting of cementing material Greve et al, U.S. Patent 4,159,302, which teaches us Comprising expanded perlite, gypsum, cement and an inorganic hydraulic binder fire doors. Grant Fukuba etc. Al, U.S. Patent 4,064,317 teaches us a fire-retardant gypsum board. Grant Holzkaemper et al U.S. Patent 6,240,691 is to teach us a cementitious material containing the foam board Composite panels.

Examples include the granting of cementing material Greve et al, U.S. Patent 4,159,302, which teaches us Comprising expanded perlite, gypsum, cement and an inorganic hydraulic binder fire doors. Grant Fukuba etc. Al, U.S. Patent 4,064,317 teaches us a fire-retardant gypsum board. Grant Holzkaemper et al U.S. Patent 6,240,691 is to teach us a cementitious material containing the foam board Composite panels....

Expanded composition may include sodium silicate composition, when it is exposed to high temperatures when the pressure of the bubble The accumulation of produce expansion, the continued exposure to high temperature, it will form a char layer, so as to knot Agencies to provide protection. Disclosed in a fireproof paint and use a lot of swelling compositions, including granting Feldman U.S. Patent 4,729,916, U.S. Patent No. 5,476,891 granted Welna grant Batdorf of America Patent 5,786,095, U.S. Patent No. 4,675,577 granted Licbt grant Navarro et al America Patents 5,498,466 and granting Castle et al, U.S. Patent 5,580,648. The patent teaches Castle Give us a Pistacia expansion fire retardant coating, which can be applied to structural components, such as I-beams. Its Examples of the expansion layer which includes granting Murch et al U.S. Patent 3,934,066, granted vonBonin etc. Al U.S. Patent 5,258,216, granted Dalvaux, et al in U.S. Patent 5,053,288, granted to Caesar , Et al, U.S. Patent 4,297,252, U.S. Patent 6,340,389 granted Klus, so granting Turpin Al U.S. Patents 6,270,915 and 6,182,470, granted Luckanuck et al U.S. Patent 4,799,349 and U.S. Patent 5,722,213 granted Morency. ...

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The present invention discloses a variety of fire partitions from one or more layers composed of one or more layers of a multilayer fire protection system Boards. General speaking, fireproof partitions is at least one alkali metal silicate from the inorganic polymer matrix. The remaining one or more layers formed of materials typically provide the following features: enhanced flame retardant, heat insulation, anti oxygen , Peening, in a fire during or after ignition of the residual strength to prevent burn, reduce smoke And similar characteristics. In reality, the fire protection system design generally based on the required performance. Thus, a variety of The various layers are typically comprises one or more layers of insulation material, expanded material layer or layers, a layer or multi-layer foam Foam materials, corrugated material layer or layers, a layer or multilayer reflection layer, etc., and usually one or More reinforcing materials such as fibers or flakes, fibers or flakes which may be in the form of a single layer or Are added to the layers in which one layer. ...

The present invention, the inorganic polymer matrix may need to be prepared, (1) as an alkali metal Silicate, one or more non-network-forming silicate materials such as acid oxyanion compound and / or a reactive Glass, water and optionally a filler and one or more second network connection unit (eg selected from 2,3,4, 5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15 or 16 of polyvalent cations such as alkaline earth salt) The reaction product, or (2) the alkali metal base, the silica source, water and non-silicate network former and The reaction product of the network modifier, or mixtures of these substances. Moreover, the modified inorganic polymer matrix By using an alkali metal silicate (or precursor), the reactive gel glass with water and a polymerization inhibitor, and its It is network-forming material and modifiers of the aqueous slurry obtained. For these "building blocks" of the ability to transform the Product performance to adapt to a wide variety of high temperature applications. The composition may also be added to other network formation Materials, modifiers and fillers. ...

An alkali metal silicate-based composite may be modified by an alkali metal silicate aqueous slurry of substrate application The preparation of a reinforcing medium, said medium enhancements such as continuous or discontinuous glass, carbon, metal complex The carbon plate, carbon is oxidized, polymer-coated carbon, polymer-coated glass, ceramic coated carbon, Ceramic coated glass, metal coated carbon, metal-coated glass, ordinary steel, stainless steel, galvanized steel, Polymers, minerals, or other fiber bundles or litter. In an alternative for the removal of excess reactant, non-polymerizable Material products, impurities and / or other undesired substances B-phase and / or separation process, said composite Material at about 15 ℃ to about 1000 ℃ or higher temperature, the composite material at a sufficient pressure consolidation scope Circ after curing. Said pressure (external pressure) is usually in the range of from atmospheric pressure to about 2,0000 psi And from atmospheric to about 10 ...^-3An alkali metal silicate-based composite may be modified by an alkali metal silicate aqueous slurry of substrate application The preparation of a reinforcing medium, said medium enhancements such as continuous or discontinuous glass, carbon, metal complex The carbon plate, carbon is oxidized, polymer-coated carbon, polymer-coated glass, ceramic coated carbon, Ceramic coated glass, metal coated carbon, metal-coated glass, ordinary steel, stainless steel, galvanized steel, Polymers, minerals, or other fiber bundles or litter. In an alternative for the removal of excess reactant, non-polymerizable Material products, impurities and / or other undesired substances B-phase and / or separation process, said composite Material at about 15 ℃ to about 1000 ℃ or higher temperature, the composite material at a sufficient pressure consolidation scope Circ after curing. Said pressure (external pressure) is usually in the range of from atmospheric pressure to about 2,0000 psi And from atmospheric to about 10 ...

The obtained inorganic base composition and / or a composite material up to 1000 ℃ and higher temperatures were Exhibit thermal stability, thermal stability, which depends on the formulation and processing technology. It flammability, smoke and toxicity Aspect also has excellent performance. Moreover, according to the present invention is made in light weight composite materials, with a more Good insulation and electrical insulation properties.

The obtained inorganic base composition and / or a composite material up to 1000 ℃ and higher temperatures were Exhibit thermal stability, thermal stability, which depends on the formulation and processing technology. It flammability, smoke and toxicity Aspect also has excellent performance. Moreover, according to the present invention is made in light weight composite materials, with a more Good insulation and electrical insulation properties....

Illustrated and described in the present invention includes a new component, structure, arrangement, composition and Improvement. While increasing Post part of this specification, drawings, and constitute part of this specification, illustrate an embodiment of the present invention. Type, and described in the text with the basic principles of the present invention.

In the drawings:

Figure 1 is a fire according to the present invention, a cross-sectional exploded view of a laminate.

Figure 2 is a laminate of Figure 1 after combination with an additional layer of a cross-sectional view for explaining the structure of a door.

Figure 3 is a perspective view of fireproof laminates.

Figure 4 is a fireproof laminate a perspective of another embodiment of FIG.

Figure 5 is according to the invention an organic / inorganic composite material exploded cross-sectional view FIG.

Figure 6 is a fire according to the present invention, the word exploded perspective view of a beam.

Figure 7 is assembled as shown in Figure 6 a perspective view of beams.

Figure 8 is a fire test the temperature - time diagram.

Figure 9 is a fire in the oven shelf temperature - time diagram.

Figure 10 is a laminate with an additional layer of fire in an industrial furnace temperature - time diagram.

Figure 11 is a shelf-beam in the furnace temperature - time map.

Figure 12 is a flowchart according to the present invention can be made of many different types of laminates of several systems Types of system.

Detailed description of the invention

An important aspect of the present invention is the use of at least one layer or layer of fire protection systems, the fire department System or laminates containing material generally used in combination with an inorganic reinforced polymer matrix compositions. The present invention Inorganic polymer matrix composition comprises an alkali metal silicate solution, non-silicate type of network structure is formed and / Or reactive glass, water, and optionally a secondary network connection unit, such as selected from

Group

2, 3, 4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15 or 16 of polyvalent cations such as alkaline earth metal Metal salts, and optionally one or more fillers reaction in the system. Another method, the silica source, Alkali metal bases, water, non-silicate type of network structure is formed and / or acid reactive glass and selectivity One or more network modifiers, and / or one or more fillers react to produce high temperature inorganic Polymer matrix compositions. Additional components, such as functional and / or non-functional fillers, other network Forming material and modified materials, according to the specific need or purpose to join them. ...

Group

The approximate chemical composition of the present invention, which is formed from the curing of an aqueous inorganic base mixture prior to the beginning The starting material can be a qualitative representation as follows:

(1-N)(aA ₂O∶SiO ₂∶bB∶cC∶dD _x).nH ₂O

Formula 1

Of which:

A＝(1-z)K ₂O or (z) Na₂O, z is 0-1, K₂O is potassium, Na₂O, sodium oxide, such as To also include Li₂O and / or lithium hydroxide;

SiO ₂Said silica, which can be obtained from a silica source, such as Kasil-1, silica, silicon Stone, silica gel or mixtures thereof;

H ₂O represents water;

A is a A₂O∶SiO ₂Molar ratio in the range of 0.05 to 1.0;

b is B: SiO₂The molar ratio in the range of 0.001-0.500;

c is C: SiO₂The molar ratio in the range of 0.0-0.250;

d is D: SiO₂The molar ratio in the range of 0.0-2.000;

n for entry into the formulation the molar ratio of water in the initial formulation, the desired range is from 0.10 to 0.90, preferably in the range of 0.15 to 0.35; cure, n value is less than 0.25, preferably less than 0.05;

x is the additive (D), their size ranges from about 0 to about 20, the additive for improving basic Processing formulations and performance;

B to form a non-network structure of silicate materials, such as phosphate, sulfate, borate groups, from Acid precursors, such as phosphoric acid, sulfuric acid, boric acid or mixtures thereof and / or a reactive glass, such as alkali metal boron phosphate Glass or alkali metal phosphate salt, borate glass;

C is a network modifier, such as from a Mg (NO₃) ₂，ZnCl ₂And other multi-valent main group metals And / or the transition metal element compound of Mg²⁺，Ca ²⁺，Zn ²⁺，Al ³⁺，Ti ⁴⁺Plasma, or those from Or a combination of the child as the reactive metal component in the glass; and

D is used alone or as a mixture or several optional additives selected from the following materials:

(1) a reactive and / or non-reactive fillers, such as (but not limited to) kaolin, montmorillonite Stone, sepiolite group, mica, vermiculite, metakaolin, metal oxides, or their The composition;

(2) gel modifiers, such as organic bases (quinoline) and / or organic acids (lactic acid);

(3) a surfactant, such as anionic, cationic and / or nonionic surfactants, Such as (but not limited to) alkyl aryl sulfonates, quaternary ammonium salts, organic amine protonated Salts, such as silicone and organic - inorganic hybrid compound, or a combination of the above materials;

(4) an organic plasticizer and / or a plasticizer, they are a resin, low molecular weight and / or score Molecular weight polymer in the form of storage memory.

Processing aids may be added according to need, including mineral oils, vegetable oils, animal fats, silicone oils, grease And salts of fatty acids, fatty alcohols, fluorinated oils, waxes, polyolefins (such as polyethylene oxide, polyethylene and polytetrafluoroethylene, But not limited to), graphite, surfactants and mixtures thereof.

Glass, including a reactive chemical composition of the present invention, an alternative representation is as follows:

(1-n)(aA ₂O∶SiO ₂∶gG∶fF _x).nH ₂O

Formula 2

Of which:

A＝(1-z)K ₂O or (z) Na₂O, z is 0-1, K₂O is potassium, Na₂O, sodium oxide, such as To also include Li₂O and / or such as lithium hydroxide;

SiO ₂Said silica, which may be obtained from the silica source, such as Kasil-1, Silica Powder, silica, quartz or silica, or mixtures thereof;

G represents a reactive glass, such as boron phosphate alkali metal or alkali metal phosphate glass, borate glass;

F _xIs the optional additives and / or silicate type of network structure is formed objects, such as one kind or several kinds, Individually or jointly adopted the following materials:

(1) from the acid precursors such as H₃PO ₄，H ₃BO ₃Or H₂SO ₄Etc. P₂O ₅，B ₂O ₃, Or SO₃, Or Mixtures thereof;

(2) network structure modifiers such as those from as Mg (NO₃) ₂，ZnCl ₂Other multivalent main group metal Metal element and / or the transition metal element compound of Mg²⁺，，Zn ²⁺，Al ³⁺，Ti ⁴⁺Wait Ion, or a combination of these compounds;

(3) reactivity and / or non-reactive filler, such as (but not limited to) kaolin, montmorillonite, Sepiolite group, mica, vermiculite, metakaolin, metal oxides or their group Together;

(4) Gel modifiers, such as organic bases (quinoline) and / or organic acids (lactic acid);

(5) Surface active agents such as anionic, cationic and / or nonionic surfactants, such as (but Not limited to) alkyl aryl sulfonates, quaternary ammonium salts, protonated organic amine salts such as silicone And organic - inorganic mixture, or combinations thereof;

(6) an organic plasticizer and / or a plasticizer, they are a resin, low molecular weight and / or high molecular weight In the form of a polymer.

H ₂O represents water;

A is a A₂O∶SiO ₂Molar ratio in the range of 0.05 to 1.00;

g is G: SiO₂The molar ratio in the range of 0.01-0.500;

f is F: SiO₂The molar ratio in the range of 0.000-2.000;

x ranges from about 0 to about 20, said additive (F) the number of additives used to improve the basic configuration Side of the processing and performance;

n for entry into the formulation the molar ratio of water in the initial formulation, the desired range from 0.10 to 0.90, Preferably in the range of 0.15 to 0.35; cure, n value is less than 0.25, preferably less than 0.05.

Used in the present invention the alkali metal silicate having a silica / alkali metal oxide (SiO₂/A ₂O) than the % Rate and a wide range of solids. Such solutions can be commercialized purchase, or prior to use from a precursor Rapid Equipment. Said precursor such as silica source and an alkali metal hydroxide, alkali metal oxides, carbonates, or Mixtures thereof. Silicates can be an alkali metal base, such as potassium hydroxide or sodium hydroxide, or potassium carbonate, Sodium carbonate and silica source system. Silica source may be amorphous or crystalline silica, Such as silica, silica powder, precipitated silica, fumed silica, fine particle silica, silica sand, microcrystalline silicon, Gum, colloidal silica, quartz, quartz powder, sodium silicate solution and potassium silicate solution, also contains solid sodium and / Or potassium silicate. Alkali metal silicate may be a commercially available example is Kasil-1 species, available from PQ public Secretary (Valley Forge, PA) to buy. Silica source exhibit various desirable characteristics, also demonstrated Undesirable properties. For example, from the silica fume contain trace amounts of carbon, will lead to the final production Matter discoloration. In addition, the inorganic polymer matrix compositions and physical properties of heat will also be dioxide Different properties of the silicon source. For example, the crystal structure of the silica network density can improve dimensional stability, To join the open source will produce amorphous silica-density network structure. ...

O) than the % Rate and a wide range of solids. Such solutions can be commercialized purchase, or prior to use from a precursor Rapid Equipment. Said precursor such as silica source and an alkali metal hydroxide, alkali metal oxides, carbonates, or Mixtures thereof. Silicates can be an alkali metal base, such as potassium hydroxide or sodium hydroxide, or potassium carbonate, Sodium carbonate and silica source system. Silica source may be amorphous or crystalline silica, Such as silica, silica powder, precipitated silica, fumed silica, fine particle silica, silica sand, microcrystalline silicon, Gum, colloidal silica, quartz, quartz powder, sodium silicate solution and potassium silicate solution, also contains solid sodium and / Or potassium silicate. Alkali metal silicate may be a commercially available example is Kasil-1 species, available from PQ public Secretary (Valley Forge, PA) to buy. Silica source exhibit various desirable characteristics, also demonstrated Undesirable properties. For example, from the silica fume contain trace amounts of carbon, will lead to the final production Matter discoloration. In addition, the inorganic polymer matrix compositions and physical properties of heat will also be dioxide Different properties of the silicon source. For example, the crystal structure of the silica network density can improve dimensional stability, To join the open source will produce amorphous silica-density network structure. ...

Inorganic resin component used in the alkali metal silicate solution comprises potassium silicate, sodium silicate solution, Junction Crystalline sodium silicate, potassium silicate, crystalline, amorphous sodium silicate, potassium silicate, amorphous, or a mixture thereof. Alkali The alkali metal silicate precursor metal base and the silica source. Alkali metal silicate to amorphous silica Shape or form of crystalline silica, selected from the group including silica, silicon, silicon particulate, precipitated silica, Silica sand, quartz, quartz powder, silica gel, fumed silica, colloidal silicon groups. Advantageously, the alkali metal Silicate and / or alkali metal silicate precursor SiO₂/A ₂O% E6% AF% 94% E7% 8E% 87% E7% BA% A6% E4% B8% BA2.0% E2% 88% B61.0% E8% 87% B320.0% E2% 88% B61. 0% EF% BC% 8C% 0A% 20% 20% 20% 20% 20% 20% 20% 20% 20% 20% 20% 20% E5% 85% B6% E4% B8% ADA% E4% B8% BAK (% E9% 92% BE)% E5% 92% 8C% 2F% E6% 88% 96Na (% E9% 92% A0)% EF% BC% 8C% E4% B8% 94% E7% A2% B1% E9% 87% 91% E5% B1% 9E% E6% B0% A2% E6% B0% A7% E5% 8C% 96% E7% 89% A9% E9% 80% 89% E8% 87% AA% E4% BA% 8E% E6% B0% A2% E6% B0% A7% E5% 8C% 96% E9% 92% BE% E5% 92% 8C% E6% B0% A2% E6% B0% A7% E5% 8C% 96% 0A% 20% 20% 20% 20% 20% 20% 20% 20% 20% 20% 20% 20% E9% 92% A0% E7% 9A% 84% E7% BB% 84% E3% 80% 82

If necessary, the weight percentage of 2-70% of the range of added non-silicate network Structure formation thereof. Non-silicate network structure can be used as an acidic substance formed oxyanion compounds are added. Examples of the acidic oxygen-containing compounds include boric acid anion, phosphoric acid, sulfuric acid, sodium dihydrogen phosphate, dipotassium hydrogen phosphate Sodium, dipotassium hydrogen phosphate, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, ammonium hydrogen phosphate, metal and / or non-metal phosphates, or include Borates, sulfates, aluminates, vanadates, germanate (Ge (OH)₅) Ionic compound or the like, Or a mixture thereof. Non silicate network structure can be formed as a non-acidic substance oxyanion Compounds are added, such as trisodium phosphate, potassium phosphate, sodium borate salt of the acid or the like, as long as these mixtures PH value be adjusted by other means. Preferred oxyanion acidic phosphorus compound mixture comprises Boric acid and a mixture of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, a mixture of boric acid and sodium dihydrogen, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, dicalcium phosphate A mixture of boric acid and sodium hydroxide, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, sodium borate and mixtures thereof, may be used at any level Or concentration of the material, although higher concentrations preferred starting material to the water content min. Acidic oxygen anions Molecular compound in the total weight of the composition from about 0.01% to 20% range, the acidic oxygen-containing anion Usage molecular compound preferably ranges from about 2% to 8%. Containing polyvalent acidic oxygen atom and overcast Ionic compounds may also be added. Specific examples include an aluminum phosphate (Al (H ...₂PO ₄) ₃) Ionic compound or the like, Or a mixture thereof. Non silicate network structure can be formed as a non-acidic substance oxyanion Compounds are added, such as trisodium phosphate, potassium phosphate, sodium borate salt of the acid or the like, as long as these mixtures PH value be adjusted by other means. Preferred oxyanion acidic phosphorus compound mixture comprises Boric acid and a mixture of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, a mixture of boric acid and sodium dihydrogen, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, dicalcium phosphate A mixture of boric acid and sodium hydroxide, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, sodium borate and mixtures thereof, may be used at any level Or concentration of the material, although higher concentrations preferred starting material to the water content min. Acidic oxygen anions Molecular compound in the total weight of the composition from about 0.01% to 20% range, the acidic oxygen-containing anion Usage molecular compound preferably ranges from about 2% to 8%. Containing polyvalent acidic oxygen atom and overcast Ionic compounds may also be added. Specific examples include an aluminum phosphate (Al (H ...₃) ₃), A dollar phosphate, magnesium hydrogen phosphate, magnesium phosphate, zinc dihydrogen phosphate, calcium hydrogen phosphate, phosphate Acid-barium, binary barium phosphate, manganese dihydrogen phosphate, hydrogen phosphate, manganese phosphate and other similar metals.

Alternatively, the non-acidic compound is useful as an oxyanion forming network structure thereof. The compounds Examples include trisodium phosphate, potassium phosphate, sodium borate salt of the acid or the like, as long as the PH value of the mixture Be adjusted by other means. It is believed that non-acidic oxygen-containing anions with acid-containing compounds may be Similar to the amount of oxygen used anionic compounds.

An alternative solution, the reaction of the glass with an alkali metal silicate solution can be used together to form The compositions of the invention. The phrase "reactive glass" includes a wide variety of inorganic glass, they can During the curing process in the event of an alkali metal silicate condensation reaction between the glass to provide a foundation acid Group. Prefers the reactive acidic glass, reactive glass Specific examples of acid include boron phosphosilicate, Phosphate, borate, phosphate, boron phosphate and borate glass. Some of the reactions are acid-resistant glass is not practical , But the acid glass, play the same role. Glass may be used non-acidic (PH value of about 7 to 10) As long as the PH value of the reactive glass is lower than the alkali metal silicate component and / or its precursor PH value. May require Improve the processing of these components consolidation conditions, including high temperatures (> 200 ℃) and / or a higher pressure (> 200psi). Substantially non-reactive with the reactive glass structural glass type, which is used beaker And drinking utensils, or for glass on the windows. Reactive glass according to typical glass manufacturing process, through the Over oxide reactant added manufacturing. Alkali metal boron phosphate glass case, P ...₂O ₅、B ₂O ₃An alternative solution, the reaction of the glass with an alkali metal silicate solution can be used together to form The compositions of the invention. The phrase "reactive glass" includes a wide variety of inorganic glass, they can During the curing process in the event of an alkali metal silicate condensation reaction between the glass to provide a foundation acid Group. Prefers the reactive acidic glass, reactive glass Specific examples of acid include boron phosphosilicate, Phosphate, borate, phosphate, boron phosphate and borate glass. Some of the reactions are acid-resistant glass is not practical , But the acid glass, play the same role. Glass may be used non-acidic (PH value of about 7 to 10) As long as the PH value of the reactive glass is lower than the alkali metal silicate component and / or its precursor PH value. May require Improve the processing of these components consolidation conditions, including high temperatures (> 200 ℃) and / or a higher pressure (> 200psi). Substantially non-reactive with the reactive glass structural glass type, which is used beaker And drinking utensils, or for glass on the windows. Reactive glass according to typical glass manufacturing process, through the Over oxide reactant added manufacturing. Alkali metal boron phosphate glass case, P ...₂O) ratio of about 6.1:1.0 to 1.5:1.0. An alkali metal phosphate in the case of borate glass, B₂O ₃、P ₂O ₅, And one or more alkali metal Oxide or a precursor of a powder was added thereto, the mixture was heated to a melting temperature of about 700 ℃ to 1500 ℃, and then quenched melt, and can choose this glass annealing process until it reaches the hard and brittle like State. Phosphorus oxides and alkali metal oxide (A₂O) ratio of about 5.0:1.0 to 1.15:1.0, The alkali metal oxides and boron oxide (A₂O) ratio of about 8.0:1.0 to 1.5:1.0.

Optimization of the glass is ground into powder solid. Preferred reactive boron phosphate glass powder, With this glass powder can more easily control the curing speed and the matrix composition amorphousness. By adjusting Section reactive silica glass and / or glass precursor (G), the ratio can be changed inorganic silicate / Glass substrate thermal and physical properties. G: SiO₂In a weight ratio varies from 0.01 to 50.0.

The amount of the reactive glass, the total weight of the mixture of 0.01% to 60%, preferably in the range of 3-35%, most preferably in the range of 5-20%.

Since the aim is to made of glass with acid, then the glass composition is mainly made of glass primer set A, such as phosphorus, boron oxide and optionally oxides of silicon. Preferred alkali metal oxide is lithium. If high phosphorus glass, the glass composition should be included in the melt prior to the molar ratio of about 20-80% Of phosphorus pentoxide (P₂O ₅), Or its salt, acid, or other forms of precursor, the precursor of glass the overall Formulated to provide the correct or chemical equivalents of phosphorus and oxygen. The preferred molar ratio of 30-70%; more preferably Selected in the range of 35-65%; most preferably in the range of 60-65%. Boron oxide in the glass of Mount Molar ratio of 1-15%, preferably 2-8%; more preferably 4-6%. An alkali metal oxide (A₂O) In the glass composition in a molar ratio of 5-50%, preferably 20-40%; more preferably 15% to 30%. Alkali Earth metal oxide (M'O) total amount of the glass mixture in the molar ratio of 0.01% to 30% and preferably 5-20%; more preferably 10-15%. Other oxides can be added, for example, including but not limited to, On alumina, iron oxide, lanthanum oxide, cerium oxide, molybdenum oxide and silica. These oxides added A molar ratio of up to 20%.

If high boron-containing glass, the glass composition should be included in the melt prior to the molar ratio of about 10% to 50 % Of phosphorus pentoxide (P₂O ₅), Or its salt, acid, or other forms of precursor, the precursor of glass total Body formula can provide chemical equivalent of phosphorus and oxygen. The preferred molar ratio of 20-40%; more preferred range Around 25% to 35%. Boron oxide (B₂O ₃) In the glass molar ratio of about 10-70%, preferably 30-60%, more preferably 45-55%. An alkali metal oxide (A₂O) in the glass composition in a molar ratio of About 5-45%, preferably 20-40%, more preferably 15% to 30%. Optional alkaline earth metal oxides (M'O), if used, the amount of the glass mixture molar ratio is about 0-30%, preferably 5% to 20%; more preferably 10% to 15%.

If the reactive glass, its chemical formula of the present invention is very important properties and performance. Reason Like the case that the alkali metal silicate glass and to reduce the resulting mixture was reacted in an alkaline matrix, and to Interconnected multi-layer network structure. Silicate based and other phosphate-based rather different Binding between the network structure will produce amorphous inorganic polymer mixture of the crystalline network and the base Silicate reacts with an acidic phosphate new network element, such as-Si-OP-unit. Portland Classes and phosphate are known to form excellent present BenQ network structure formed body thereof. ...

Π_{k = 1}^{n} [(M^{P +}) q^{'} (E^{q -}) p^{'}] r_{k}

Where Σr_k＝1

Formula 3

Where: n = number of components required for glass

M = at least one glass forming materials, such as boron, silicon, phosphorus, sulfur, germanium, arsenic, antimony, aluminum and vanadium, and Flux from the action of at least one glass modifiers, such as lithium, sodium, potassium, rubidium and cesium, and optionally the With additional network structure modifiers such as vanadium, aluminum, tin, titanium, chromium, manganese, iron, cobalt, nickel, copper, mercury, Zinc, thulium, lead, zirconium, lanthanum, cerium, praseodymium, neodymium, samarium, europium, gadolinium, terbium, dysprosium, holmium, erbium, thulium, ytterbium, Actinium, thorium, uranium, yttrium, gallium, magnesium, calcium, strontium, barium, tin, bismuth, and cadmium;

E = oxygen, chalcogenides and / or halogen, such as sulfur, selenium, tellurium and fluorine;

p = M cation valence, such as in terms of phosphorus of 5, generally written P⁵⁺Or P (V);

q = E anion valence of 2 in terms such as oxygen, generally written O^2-；

q '= network element contained in the amount of cation M, is equal to q or q / 2, when p and q is an even number It is a small integer, such as the P₂O ₅Of phosphorus in terms of SiO 2, or₂1 in terms of silicon;

p '= E network element contained in the number of anions, or q is equal to q / 2, when p and q is an even number It is a small integer, such as the P₂O ₅Phosphorus in terms of

SiO

5 or₂2 in terms of silicon;

r = the reactive glass component in the mole fraction of each network element;

n = the reactive glass component of the total number of network elements.

Two yuan glass can be represented by the formula {(M₁ ^P+)q’(E ₁ ^q-)p’} _r1{(M ₂ ^P+)q’(E ₂ ^q-)p’} _r2，r ₁+r ₂= 1; That glass can be summarized as three yuan {(M₁ ^P+)q’(E ₁ ^q-)p’} _r1{(M ₂ ^P+)q’(E ₂ ^q-)p’} _r2{(M ₃ ^P+)q’ (E ₃ ^q-)p’} _r3，r ₁+r ₂+r ₃＝1。

Therefore, soda-lime glass can be described as (CaO)_r1(SiO ₂) _r2(Na ₂O) _r3, Where r₁+r ₂+r ₃= 1. Silicon is the glass-forming material, and oxygen covalent bond, forming a glass network structure, the glass changed sodium and calcium Resistance agent, an ionic bond with the silicate network is formed, the auxiliary form and maintain the glass phase. Thus, with the glass Fang, M represents at least one generally formed of glass network structure material (M_gf) And at least one glass network structure Modifier (M_gm)。

Refining time and temperature also affect the physical properties of the glass and the mechanical properties. The glass on a constant group Points, improve refining temperature and / or time to the glass network more dense, the Tg, Ts and Tm increases, The network activity and the hydroxyl group of the glass / H₂O content is reduced, but the enhanced durability. Therefore, by changing the Glass composition, the glass refining temperature and time of the glass of the reaction, durability, acid, hydrolysis stability Characterization, toughness and processing are very different. Alternative method, in the high temperature conditions (> 900 ℃), if desired, optionally adding an appropriate amount of silicon and / or aluminum to limit pollution of industrial furnaces And reinforced glass network structure. Wherein said alkali metal silicate glass and match the performance of mixing and adjustment Can be formulated with unique nature of the new high-temperature materials. In other words, to change these "building blocks" capability makes They can be made into products for a variety of high temperature applications. ...

O content is reduced, but the enhanced durability. Therefore, by changing the Glass composition, the glass refining temperature and time of the glass of the reaction, durability, acid, hydrolysis stability Characterization, toughness and processing are very different. Alternative method, in the high temperature conditions (> 900 ℃), if desired, optionally adding an appropriate amount of silicon and / or aluminum to limit pollution of industrial furnaces And reinforced glass network structure. Wherein said alkali metal silicate glass and match the performance of mixing and adjustment Can be formulated with unique nature of the new high-temperature materials. In other words, to change these "building blocks" capability makes They can be made into products for a variety of high temperature applications. ...

Although the present invention relates to a base, the silica source and the non-silicate network forming material and / or a reactive Glass reaction from the system composition of an inorganic polymer matrix, but if necessary, the substrate of the machine, Physical and processing properties can still be enhanced by the addition of ingredients. Additional components, such as fillers, other network type Synthetic materials and modifiers, can be added. They include skill in the art or known generally used Additives and fillers network formation materials, whether inorganic, organic or hybrid complex; may also include The composition may be possible to carry out processing, manufacturing, and enhancing the performance of the additives and fillers. ...

Although the present invention relates to a base, the silica source and the non-silicate network forming material and / or a reactive Glass reaction from the system composition of an inorganic polymer matrix, but if necessary, the substrate of the machine, Physical and processing properties can still be enhanced by the addition of ingredients. Additional components, such as fillers, other network type Synthetic materials and modifiers, can be added. They include skill in the art or known generally used Additives and fillers network formation materials, whether inorganic, organic or hybrid complex; may also include The composition may be possible to carry out processing, manufacturing, and enhancing the performance of the additives and fillers. ...₁The amount of network-forming material is preferably in the range from about 2% to about 10%.

Secondary network connection unit may use a multivalent cation, multivalent cation is selected from the periodic table 2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15 or 16, preferably from the second, 3,4,5,11,12,13,14,15 and 16; amount of the total weight of the mixture to about 0% 20%, preferably ranging from about 1.0% to about 5%. 6,7,8,9, and 10 families of polyvalent cations Cr, Mo, W, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Pd, and Pt can also be used, but preferably a multivalent cation other families. Multi- Cation (containing the compound) includes any main group metal salt of an element, including nitrates, sulfates, and salts of Salt, but is preferably zinc, magnesium and calcium salts. Optional two network connection unit is used with the oxygenate with Cooperation with polyvalent cations such as alkaline earth metals, main group metals, transition metals, lanthanides and actinides, Or a combination of any of them useful. Other secondary network connection unit comprises containing boron, aluminum, lead, gallium, Cadmium, titanium, zirconium, lanthanum, cerium, neodymium, yttrium, strontium, barium, lithium, rubidium, cesium, fluorine compounds. ...

Available selective oxide fillers include boron, aluminum, silicon, gallium, titanium, zirconium, manganese, iron, molybdenum, tungsten, Bismuth, lead, lanthanum, cerium, neodymium, yttrium, calcium, magnesium and barium oxide, and the amount of the total weight of the composition From about 0% to about 20%.

Preferably magnesium oxide (MgO), an amount of the total weight of the composition 0% to 15%, preferably ranging from 1% to 10%, more preferably in the range of 2% to 8%.

Modifiers include a crosslinking agent, and colloidal inhibitors or accelerators, such as mineral acids, organic acids and bases. As The crosslinking agent can be added as the metal phosphates, including aluminum phosphate, magnesium, calcium, phosphorus Zinc phosphate, iron phosphate, cesium phosphate, lanthanum, barium phosphate, aluminum phosphate (Al (H₂PO ₄) ₃), Metaphosphoric acid Aluminum, (Al (PO₃) ₃), A dollar phosphate, magnesium hydrogen phosphate, magnesium phosphate, zinc dihydrogen phosphate, calcium hydrogen phosphate Calcium, one yuan barium phosphate, secondary phosphate, barium, manganese dihydrogen phosphate, hydrogen phosphate, manganese and similar metal phosphates.

Optional colloidal modifier is an organic acid and / or an organic base, typically hydroxy acids from N and P-element-based and Choice of the base class. Examples of organic acids include lactic acid and citric acid. Preferred α-hydroxy acids, β-hydroxy Amino acid, substituted pyridine and substituted quinoline. Their total weight of the composition an amount of 0% to 10%, preferably Fan Around 0.05% to 5%. The optional surfactant is an anionic, cationic and / or nonionic surfactants Agents, such as (but not limited to) alkyl aryl sulfonates, silicones, quaternary ammonium salts, protonated organic amine salt, hydroxyalkyl Polymers, organic - inorganic hybrid compounds such as silicone, or combinations thereof. The amount of additive composition The total weight of 0% to 10%, preferably ranging from 0.5% to 5%. ...

Without the cured composition of the balance of water, by weight of the total composition from 10% to 75%. Preferred range 15% to 40%. Water can be used as a component part of the join, such as an alkali metal silicate solution, Part of the solution of alkaline earth metal salt, or a part of the phosphoric acid solution. As included in the present invention, water can be To be regarded as the reaction medium, the reactants, the reaction product can also be considered, so the water concentration is generally difficult to quantify. The initial water content of the raw material mixture of the total weight of the composition of 10% to 70% range. The B phase Prepregs containing 5% by weight to 35% of water. According to the processing conditions, the inorganic binder itself And the cured composite sample may contain from about 0% by weight to about 10% of water. ...

Said reinforcing medium comprises nickel fibers, glass fibers, carbon fibers, graphite fibers, mineral fibers, Carbon dioxide fibers, graphite oxide fibers, steel fibers, metal fibers, carbon fibers Metallized, Metallized glass Fibers, graphite fibers Metallized, Metallized ceramic fibers, nickel coated graphite fibers, nickel-plated carbon fiber, nickel-plated Glass fibers, quartz fibers, ceramic fibers, silicon carbide fibers, stainless steel fibers, titanium fibers, nickel alloys Fiber, copper fiber, polymeric fibers, polymer-coated carbon fibers, polymer-coated graphite fibers, poly Compound coated glass fibers, polymer-coated aramid fibers (eg Kevlar^), Ceramic coated carbon fiber Victoria, ceramic coated graphite fibers, ceramic coated glass fiber, oxidized polyacrylonitrile fiber, basalt fiber, Alkali-resistant glass fibers, and / or known to a person skilled in the art other fibers. Can also be mixed with various fibers Combination. Preferably graphite fibers, E-glass fibers, S-glass fibers, basalt fibers, stainless steel fibers, Titanium fiber, nickel alloy fibers, aramid fibers, polyethylene fibers, SiC fibers and BN fibers. These fibers can also be coated and / or processing. Can be applied to the fiber coating suitable examples include gas Phase deposition of metals and metal alloys, chemical deposition of metals and metal alloys, molten metal and metal alloy Gold electrolysis of metals and metal alloys, organic polymer coating, inorganic - organic hybrid polymer coating, Metal oxides, phosphates, metal phosphates, silicates, organic polymer - silicate and an organic polymer - Silica mixture and the functionalized silicone. ...

), Ceramic coated carbon fiber Victoria, ceramic coated graphite fibers, ceramic coated glass fiber, oxidized polyacrylonitrile fiber, basalt fiber, Alkali-resistant glass fibers, and / or known to a person skilled in the art other fibers. Can also be mixed with various fibers Combination. Preferably graphite fibers, E-glass fibers, S-glass fibers, basalt fibers, stainless steel fibers, Titanium fiber, nickel alloy fibers, aramid fibers, polyethylene fibers, SiC fibers and BN fibers. These fibers can also be coated and / or processing. Can be applied to the fiber coating suitable examples include gas Phase deposition of metals and metal alloys, chemical deposition of metals and metal alloys, molten metal and metal alloy Gold electrolysis of metals and metal alloys, organic polymer coating, inorganic - organic hybrid polymer coating, Metal oxides, phosphates, metal phosphates, silicates, organic polymer - silicate and an organic polymer - Silica mixture and the functionalized silicone. ...

Glass fiber reinforced materials (including, for example but not limited to E-glass fibers, S-glass fibers, glass or alkali Glass fiber) may be used as the reinforcing material. Composite structures can also be added to the mixing fiber reinforced materials, such as: Glass fibers, carbon fibers, organic polymer fibers, oxide fibers and / or metal fibers. Reinforcements By woven or non-woven, mesh, mesh, wool, continuous or discontinuous fibers form. Different The fibers and / or fabric can be distributed throughout the matrix mixture, can also be dispersed in the layers. This Examples include the glass-like yarns alternating between the same distribution as the sandwich of carbon fiber reinforced materials, glass fiber Fiber reinforced materials and steel mesh reinforcement. The use of glass fiber reinforcements and sticky matrix of the invention The composite material is a mixture of affordable, non-combustible, thermal stability (such as exposure to 48 hours at 700 ℃ measured not To a permanent change in dimensions (<0.2%)) of the composite material, with a high quality thermal insulation and structural properties, can be In a typical processing equipment for processing at lower temperatures. Generally can be processed at relatively low temperatures (<200 ℃) and pressure (<200psi) manner. With cross-laminated fiberglass laminates can be made into a Insulation properties (thermal conductivity, such as the name of 1.4W/mK, electrical insulation properties (European parent table when measured using standard When the conductive case undetectable) and moderate mechanical properties (flexural modulus of 18Msi, flexural strength of 200ksi Above, the final flexural strain of 1.3%). The combination of these properties can make the technique has many uses. ...

Incorporation of the inorganic polymer matrix compositions the mechanical properties of the composite material matrix and the reinforcing material in each Sufficient effect can be enhanced in the case. Incorporation of inorganic polymer matrix composite material composition when increasing Reinforcing material in the matrix - reinforced material interface, showing a certain degree of eosinophils, can provide enhanced machine Mechanical strength. A polymer matrix comprising an inorganic composition and the stainless steel reinforced composite material structure Mechanical properties has also been enhanced. When using carbon fibers or graphite fibers as a reinforcing material such enhancement Will be better reflected. Carbon fibers and / or graphite fiber is essentially non-polar and non-absorbent, but can be Through a variety of methods for processing to obtain a hydrophilic areas, such as: the use of glue or other coating (through Often organic polymers such as epoxy resin or organic silanes), or the use of surfactants. Generally, by The reinforcing fibers are hydrophilic surface will get more acidophilic and reinforcing material and the matrix to improve the interface between, but Through other ways you can make a better reinforcement eosinophilic. The fibers can be coated with a layer of metal addicted Sour face, thereby greatly enhancing interfacial strength of composite structures. Carbon, graphite and / or polymer reinforcements Material by chemical oxidation, thermal oxidation, and electrolytic oxidation can enhance its acidophilic, thus reinforced composite Structure and mechanical properties of interface strength. Moreover, the fibers may be an organic polymer and an inorganic oxide Particles, such as: glass material, the reactive glass frit, silica, alumina, zirconia oxide and the like Gluing things together. This process gives the surface of the reinforcing material to eosinophils. These ideas can be applied To another oxide matrix based compositions, the compositions include, but are not limited to, the alkali metal silicate tree Fat, resin, metal phosphates, viscous materials, refractory oxide-based compounds, and other inorganic and / or non- Machine / organic hybrid compound materials. Ensure greater surface of the medium material has sufficient irregularities or roughness of the beneficial The base body and the mechanical action between the reinforcing material and thus enhancing the interface strength between. ...

Further, the inorganic polymer matrix composition may also be added to the skilled person generally uses The wide variety of organic and inorganic fillers. The filler may be added, such as: ceramic powder, mineral powder, metal powder, Silicon carbide, silicon, silicate, boron nitride, aluminosilicate, aluminum silicate, sodium aluminum silicate, potassium aluminum Silicates, carbon, carbon black, carbon nanotube, and molybdenum compounds, or any other known to the skilled person Filler. The combustion of the organic material and should be used where gas generating organic material. Filler may be a ball Like, such as: micro-balls, big ball, hollow ball, and / or solid balls, and / or cylindrical, flat and / or irregular Particle shape or rules. ...

The present invention is an inorganic polymer matrix composition is prepared by adding an acidic inorganic components (such as protonated oxygen ions Promoters such as: phosphoric acid or boric acid, dihydrogen phosphate or reactive glass) and acid salts of alkaline earth modifiers such as salts to influence the Skeleton containing alkali metal silicate solution pH. An alkali metal silicate solution to a high pH value To help alleviate the network in order to maintain a high form the desired monomer concentration of silicate anions. When the pH value Reduced to a lower value, in the appropriate conditions can be reduced because the ability of cured matrix Alkaline glass fiber reinforced material damage. Inorganic base binder by partially removing water driven by the The condensation curing reflection. Excess water in the binder can lead to lack of dimensional stability, physical properties Poor and processing difficulties. ...

It is gratifying that the present invention is an inorganic polymer matrix composition may use compression molding method, the pre- System as a whole molding, sheet molding compounds, powders and reinforcing materials, liquids and reinforcements, prepregs and burn Results manufactured and processed into composite materials. Other methods include pultrusion (manufacturing a way to cross Section of the product's automatic method), wet stacking (a method for rapid prototyping and low-performance products with affordable The manual method), filament winding (rotary body for manufacturing an automatic method), vacuum processing (a Typical space for manufacturing of high-performance laminates method), or the autoclave autoclave, vacuum impregnation (a Performance of manufacturing large and thick component method), a liquid resin, a film or powder impregnated into the resin transfer mold Molding (size having a good repeatability of the molding method of the near-net), extrusion molding (a kind of Possible to manufacture other cross-sectional structure of the short fiber non-method), injection molding method (a way to manufacture a small Non-structural staple fiber products automatic method), casting (a method of manufacturing non-structural product batch method), spin Turn casting (a way to create high-quality pipe method), retain elastomer molding (trapped elastomer molding) (a way to manufacture special shape products, methods) and the like. ...

If necessary, the composite part after curing can be further heat-curing and / or chemical Processed to further enhance its thermal stability, hydrolytic stability, dimensional stability, or all of the above stability Qualitative. Components can be subjected to heat treatment in air, can also be processed in a vacuum or in an inert atmosphere into Line processing, the processing temperature range of from about 15 ℃ to about 1000 ℃. The composite material components can be Rinsed with water or other solvents to remove excess reactants. Moreover, this work can be washed in the solid Before the completion of the process of the formation of some inorganic polymer network only when. The composite member may be And the acidic solution, the metal salt solution, the metal salt (metal acid salt), a surfactant solution, Fluoride solution, a silicon compound (silicon-based compounds), organic prepolymer, ionomers, Polymers and / or other like a solution for imparting hydrophobic contacts. ...

These methods and manufacture high temperature inorganic polymer (ceramic and glass) are usually used for curing / consolidation method There are several advantages compared. Ceramics and glass processing equipment typically requires high temperature (1000 ℃ above). The present invention The inorganic composite body recipe feature allows the composite material manufacturing equipment commonly used to make progress Line processing. These processing methods than the typical ceramic processing methods with more efficient production capacity, and compared to the typical Type of ceramic processing methods, the manufacturing of large components easier. The processing method used allows to obtain Structural integrity of the use of a larger number of fibers than conventional concrete processing methods. ...

It is gratifying that the present invention, an inorganic polymer matrix composition can be formulated into a non-flammable. This ideal security features that distinguish it from most of the present invention, an organic material (such as, but not limited to: Plastic, wood or rubber), when the organic material is exposed to the combustion flame tends to produce smoke, and / or Toxic gases. Moreover, the present invention is an inorganic polymer matrix composition may also be formulated as a heat insulating material and / Or electrically insulating material. This feature makes the ideal composition of the present invention is distinguished from most metal (such as: Steel, aluminum or copper), these metals tend to a heat conductor and electric conductor.

The composition of the present invention may be made at high temperatures (> 1000 ℃) work, and can change in size Negligible. This ideal security features that distinguish the present invention, most of the organic material (which has Machine material is exposed to more than 500 ℃ tends pyrolysis), but also different from the majority of the cement formulation (such cement Above 300 ℃ broken), but apart from many metals (including aluminum), these metals tend to Alice at 700 ℃ Song or melt. As a further feature, the present invention is achieved at high temperatures (at or above 1000 ℃) works For the same time, but can be at a relatively low temperature (<200 ℃) and low (e.g., without limitation: <200 ℃ And <200psi) under processing. This feature is desirable because at low temperature and low pressure can be processed to The present invention can be obtained with the use of affordable equipment and processing methods for processing. Aspect of the present invention, the chemical Most of the present invention was different from ceramic, glass and metal, which typically requires high temperature and / or a High pressures can be molded. (Of course, the present invention can also be carried out at elevated temperature and pressure effective processing. The material of the present invention has a temperature above 1500 ℃ and above under a pressure of 10,000 psi been added Workers. ) ...

The present invention may be formulated for impregnating fibers to form a strong composite material. This ideal performance Most of the material is different from the present invention because most of the solid material is not able to wet a low viscosity Been processed liquid fiber. The base material of the fiber reinforced material can provide many benefits, including Including improved strength, hardness, fracture toughness, fatigue strength and impact strength. When the fiber-reinforced composite materials Is widely used in car dashboards from the F-22 fighter planes to the structure of a variety of purposes, but most of the composite materials The combustible organic matrix material. Nonflammable composite materials such as ceramic matrix composites and metal matrix Composite material for the majority of applications in terms of high processing temperatures due to the need and the cost is too high. The invention phase Than the ceramic matrix composite material and the metal matrix composite material in terms of a significant reduction in processing costs. These arguments Like characteristic that is different from the present invention, many materials, including many metals. ...

In addition to the inorganic polymer matrix composition, you can also use other compounds, such as various Organic and inorganic fillers. Said inorganic polymer matrix compositions may take a variety of methods into the Manufacturing line such as compression molding method, block molding method, and then cured and processed and used for various Purposes and in accordance with a variety of American Society for Testing Materials (ASTM) test has the ideal performance, such as in 2004 Was presented on February 12, serial number 10/777, 885, regarding inorganic composite materials, fire tests America Patents, in all (including the embodiment of all 39) incorporated in the present application as reference.

The fire protection system of the present invention, or a multi-fire system typically includes two or more layers of different materials, Preferably wherein said at least one layer comprises an alkali metal silicate from the inorganic polymer matrix, as selected It is desirable that selected in which the fiber-reinforced material containing. The other one or more layers containing any of the following Species: at least one heat insulating material, at least one swelling material, at least a layer of foam material, at least one anti- Emissive material, or one reinforcing layer or layers in the above reinforcing material exists. In addition, a layer separate The corrugated layer containing gas alone, or in any of the layers within a layer. The other fire protection systems are Two or more layers containing an alkali metal silicate polymer resin. ...

A good fire performance insulating material known in the art, including literature and high-temperature materials, such as: A wide variety of silicate compounds, aluminum compounds or compounds such as aluminum silicate, (refractory ceramics Fibers). Since these compounds are generally light weight in the form of fibers. These compounds have a lot of fiber Uses, and their solid solid layer may also be used. Other suitable insulating materials include literature and the art Variety of known minerals and compounds generally include alumina, silica, aluminosilicates, silicon Salts and other metal oxides include calcium, magnesium and the like, a high content of metal oxides (wt% of at least large About 30%, or about 50%, or about 70%) and mineral compounds. There are other insulating compound, Including a variety of fire-resistant materials such as silicon carbide, carbon - carbon and the like. Known in the art and literature The ceramic material may be used, such as clay, manufactured by a variety of ceramic materials such as tiles, terracotta Soil and its analogues, ceramic, enamel, lime, gypsum and plaster products, and the like. ...

Of course, the reflected light from the reflecting layer so that the heat from the fire-side of the system radiating material. This layer may be a thin layer by a thick layer is preferably made of high temperature resistant material. Suitable reflective material is usually reflective shine Shot sunlight thereon at least about 50%, or at least about 65%, preferably at least about 80% condition Or at least about 90%. Such materials include polyester films such as Mylar^% E3% 80% 81% E9% 93% 9D% E7% AE% 94% E6% 88% 96% E9% 93% 9D% E7% 89% 87% E5% 8F% 8A% E5% 85% B6% E7 % B1% BB% E4% BC% BC% E7% 89% A9% E3% 80% 82% 0A% 20% 20% 20% 20% 20% 20% 20% 20% 20% 20% 20% 20% E8 % 80% 90% E9% AB% 98% E6% B8% A9% E7% 9A% 84% E5% 8F% 8D% E5% B0% 84% E9% 9D% A2% E9% 80% 9A% E5% B8 % B8% E5% 8C% 85% E6% 8B% AC% E9% AB% 98% E5% 8F% 8D% E5% B0% 84% E6% 80% A7% E7% 9A% 84% E9% 87% 91 % E5% B1% 9E% E5% 92% 8C% E5% 90% 88% E9% 87% 91% EF% BC% 8C% E5% A6% 82% EF% BC% 9A% E9% 92% 9B% E3 % 80% 81% E9% 93% AC% E3% 80% 81% E9% 95% 8D% E5% 8F% 8A% E5% 85% B6% E7% B1% BB% E4% BC% BC% E7% 89 % A9% EF% BC% 8C% 0A% 20% 20% 20% 20% 20% 20% 20% 20% 20% 20% 20% 20% E4% B8% 8D% E9% 94% 88% E9% 92 % A2% E5% 8F% 8A% E5% 85% B6% E7% B1% BB% E4% BC% BC% E7% 89% A9% E3% 80% 82% E5% 8F% 8D% E5% B0% 84 % E9% 9D% A2% E9% 80% 9A% E5% B8% B8% E4% B8% BA% E8% 96% 84% E7% 89% 87% E7% 8A% B6% E5% B9% B6% E5 % AD% 98% E5% 9C% A8% E4% BA% 8E% E6% 89% 80% E8% BF% B0% E5% B1% 82% E6% 9D% BF% E6% 88% 96% E5% A4 % 9A% E5% B1% 82% E9% 98% B2% E7% 81% AB% E7% B3% BB% E7% BB% 9F% E7% 9A% 84% 0A% 20% 20% 20% 20% 20 % 20% 20% 20% 20% 20% 20% 20% E5% 86% 85% E9% 83% A8% E6% 88% 96% E5% A4% 96% E9% 83% A8% E3% 80% 82

Reinforcements have been described above, this is not repeated. Although commonly used fiber reinforced materials Form, or continuous fibers or discontinuous fibers, woven fabric or nonwoven fabric, but the sheet may also be used Form, or in the form of porous sheet, strip and the like shape, thereby forming a single or separate layers. Reason Like the case that, as described above, reinforced with fiber material is usually in the form of the present invention to enhance the inorganic Resin composite material layer. However, the above kinds of reinforcing material, whether it is the form of flakes or multiple Hole flake form, or in other forms such as fibers, can be used to enhance any layer of the layers, such as absolute Thermal layer expansion layer, foam layer, or a reflective layer, these layers to impart strength and structural integrity. ...

Cellular or foam material, such as a foam can be used in the present invention compositions are generally non-flammable, and in Thermal management, fire protection, and other high temperature applications is useful. The present invention can withstand high temperatures above 800 ℃ Capacity allows it to be used for organic foam material and / or a derivative thereof can not meet the requirements of the application fields Together. Inorganic cellular material such as carbon, glass or ceramic material, foamed compositions can resist class Like temperature, but its cost is high, thereby limiting the material thermal management needs in large and / or some The use of cost-sensitive applications. The present invention may be prepared according to the honeycomb material is molded into the complex Fit and simple shape and / or manufactured using conventional processing equipment to a specific shape. Honeycomb material, such as Foam material may be of a structure (as a whole) or the structure, the preparation may or may not adopt With a foaming agent. Synthetic foam material of the present invention may be used and a suitable filler such as: microspheres, microballoons, and / Or microcapsules prepared. ...

In the preparation of a wide variety of fire partitions or multi-layer composite system, usually one or more layers outside The laminates of the flame and burn the good resistance properties of materials, such as those from the alkali metal silicate Inorganic polymer matrix, or one or more inorganic base materials such as: oxide substrate cement, refractories, Aluminum oxide and the like. Multilayer fire protection systems may preferably include one or more outer layers in a Board and one or more intermediate layer between the core. Core may be a substrate to be protected, such as: a low melting point gold Combustible materials such as metal or wood or other organic materials. Another situation is that in some occasions to appearance, Such as a fire door in a modification of the exterior materials such as: wood, decorative panels, plastic panels, etc., can be To include an intermediate layer or core, such as: insulation, alkali metal silicate layers to prevent fire and heat penetration. ...

A system set or multi-layer composite can be used in any order of one or more layers from the And non-silicate network formation and / or a reactive glass, water, and optionally one or more of the second network to change Agent is the reaction of an inorganic alkali metal silicate polymer matrix, any one of the following at least one layer, insulating Layer, a layer of expandable material, the foam layer, a reflective layer and enhancement layer or corrugated layers; preferably contain one or more layers A reinforcing material, such as any of the above layer of fibers and the like. The present invention, the fire protection laminate or system layers can be With a great difference, as is generally from about 2 layers to about 10 layers, or, preferably, is typically from about 2 layers To about three layers, or about four layers, or about 5 layers, or about 7 layers. ...

The reinforcing material containing alkali metal silicate resin or a composite material may be a number of ways Used to obtain access to improve fire resistance or flame penetration can be prevented, oxygen penetration, insulation (degree Classes less than steel), and exposed to the flame during and after exposure to the flame holding strength (strength retention of water Ping depends on exposure to flame temperature and time) of the system. For example, from 0.02 inches thin to thick knot Alkali metal silicate structure laminate resin may be used as organic composite material or wood to enhance the fire partitions High fire performance of the system. By adding a variety of high-temperature insulation materials can be further optimized these sex Able to adapt to demanding fire occasion. Alkali metal silicate resin layer or a composite material and insulation layers With focus on solving the disadvantages of high temperature insulation material itself. A thin, non-structural layer (0.020 ") can ask High durability, heat transfer and reduction of conventional blocking material as oxygen. These systems can be used so that the substrate Such as wood, steel or composite material substrate passive fire. Multilayer alkali metal silicate complex or a resin layer, Composite materials and insulation layer can be designed to form a better performance of the fire protection system, not only in fire protection, in Physical, mechanical and thermal performance as well. These are the most important fire protection system design inside Considerations. An alkali metal silicate in the internal resin layer, or a composite material layer by adding a reflective layer By reducing the heat radiation to further improve system performance. Used to maintain the structural integrity of the more alone Thick alkali metal silicate and a resin or a composite material or a non-combustible heat-insulating core together, can be used as order Of load structure which is completely combustible. Can be used as a structural core sandwich construction firm Combustible solid insulating material is not uncommon, a better insulation properties are expensive and difficult to use. The foam material provides various alkali metal silicate and the resin panel connection performance with good heat-insulating core, And has good properties. ...

Fire protection system design is based on fire protection requirements, the money allocated for the system, mechanical requirements and market requirements, Costs. Some fire partitions can simply 0.02 inch thick resin layer, an alkali metal silicate or a Composite material layer, to prevent flame penetration (alkali metal silicate resin layer / C layer - two for the cabin against Fire). Other systems may include a multi-layer insulation in a long time in order to prevent the flame penetration and maintain a low Cold side temperature (a type VSV material), namely: a reinforced metal mesh and the outer glass layer, an alkali metal Silicate resin layer is used as a cover layer of ceramic coverings to reduce routine and make the system more resistant to heat conduction Purposes. Also in a fire door core VSV multilayer system can be used to form an encapsulation of the expansion Material expansion into the inside, reducing conventional thermal conductivity and gives strength to withstand fire jet pilot. Fireproof Separator mechanism to play in various ways, reducing flame penetration and prevent oxygen permeation base combustible combustion Material and reduce the amount of heat needed for combustion. Fire protection system according to the thermal conductivity, material flammability in fire After the fire in and maintain the strength of the case, the material, under ambient conditions in the physical and thermal properties of the situation Condition can become very complicated. A resin layer of an alkali metal silicate or a fireproof composite separator May be used alone or as including thermal insulation and / or reflective surfaces of part of a system. 90 minutes level Wooden fire door with a VSV system (ie: cover panel / screen / cover panel multi-layer systems) and one expansion Swelling materials combine to protect the cold side of the wooden panel in ASTM E-119 fire exposure for 90 minutes and then After passing the jet fire test. Fireproof partitions of the door core prior to exposure to the flame only 5/8 inch thick, Is currently available on the market's thinnest 90-minute levels of fire door core. Another fire partitions system A much simpler system, which is an alkali metal silicate two resin / carbon-reinforced composite materials for spray Air aircraft pilots cabin fire. This application in addition to fire safety requirements, but also resistant to shock and Chemicals. ...

Laminates, or in the present invention include inorganic fire at least one layer made of a resin multilayer fire protection systems, Within a certain period of time in the organic substrates, laminates and other fire safety. The characteristics of the inorganic resin systems is that it Do not rely on the separated organic laminates and heat, but resin as a fire ban different angles of the fire triangle name / oxygen Obstruction. As the fire / oxygen barrier material, these fire LDHs not prevent material decomposition, but anti- Ended its combustion. Therefore, as long as the attention to the use of the core material adiabatic method can be achieved using a hybrid Laminates together to improve the performance of organic laminates.

Although the following the present invention is given a wide variety of goods and the end use, it is important for multi-layer, anti- Fire detection system includes an alkali metal silicate resin composite material itself, a VSV system and fire doors. Complex Material itself is used in almost all occasions, and includes an alkali metal silicate, one or more non-acid Salt formations network, and / or a reactive glass and optionally one or more second network connection unit Preparing a modified inorganic polymer matrix, in which the alkali metal silicates are known resins. An important aspect of In that said resin is generally included in the form of the reinforcing fiber reinforced material, such as carbon fibers. To For obtaining appropriate thickness and structural integrity, can be an alkali metal silicate layers and tight resin composite material Arranged next to each other, said two alkali metal silicate resin composite material are fused together or bonded Together, or in any way connected. ...

The specific embodiment of the fire door is usually employed in which a fiber-containing composite resin is an alkali metal silicate Material, generally in an expansion of its both sides with layers, placed in nature plate to form a timber against Fire doors. According to the degree of protection can also use additional inorganic alkali metal silicate resin composite material Material layer and the expansion layer.

The specific embodiment of the fire door is usually employed in which a fiber-containing composite resin is an alkali metal silicate Material, generally in an expansion of its both sides with layers, placed in nature plate to form a timber against Fire doors. According to the degree of protection can also use additional inorganic alkali metal silicate resin composite material Material layer and the expansion layer....

Compared with conventional resin, some of these conventional resins below 450 ℃ decomposition occurs, and Adhesive matrix of the present invention is much higher thermal stability, and with the metal material, the present invention is a composite Material which has excellent insulation properties to protect the hydraulic system and reduce the weight and / or the associated costs. With the ceramic material Materials compared to the incorporation of the reinforcing fibers, the compositions of the present invention is more robust, but based on the materials and Process, than the ceramic matrix composite material cheap.

The fire protection system of the present invention can also be used for applications requiring good thermal stability and physical stability of occasions, such as Where ceramic material. Such applications include aerospace, maritime, mass transit, structure and Architectural uses, from requiring a simple fire and / or heat to complex fire protection, including high temperature and durable protection Protection of water pipes, cable trays, transmission lines, oil and gas pipelines for heat and fire protection, On steel columns, beams and joists be insulated hollow fire protection, and boats, ships, aircraft, Buses, cable cars, trams and other surfaces insulated bulkhead fire protection, and other similar Purposes. These uses can be in up to a high temperature of 1700 ° F to provide 60 or 90 minutes or even longer Protected and structure to achieve lighter weight. ...

Table 1 below illustrate the invention for various purposes, but should not be considered exhaustive, or the The present invention uses limitation.

Table 1

Real Case	Use	Structure (composite = Enhanced inorganic resin Composite materials)	Inorganic laminate material	Note
Real Case	Use		Inorganic laminate material	Note	A	Lightweight fire retardant Or fire compartment plate	Inorganic composite materials	Carbon Fiber / alkali metal Acid resin	Thickness can range from one layer to multilayer
B	Heat / fire board - Lightweight, cost- Low	Inorganic composite materials / Insulation material / composite Material	Carbon or glass fiber / base Metal silicate resin	Core may be a heat insulating material comprises a cellular material	A	Lightweight fire retardant Or fire compartment plate	Inorganic composite materials	Carbon Fiber / alkali metal Acid resin	Thickness can range from one layer to multilayer
B	Heat / fire board - Lightweight, cost- Low		Carbon or glass fiber / base Metal silicate resin		C	Heat / fire board Doors Met 90 minutes Test	Lumber / Inorganic composite materials / Expansion pad / Inorganic composite materials / Expansion pad / Inorganic composite materials / Timber	Stainless steel fiber / base gold Genus silicate resin	The layers may be optimized to improve performance
D	Heat / fire board For offshore applications Design	Expansion Coatings / Inorganic composite materials / Eight pounds Mineral cladding / Bulkhead structure	Glass or stainless steel fibers / Alkali metal silicate tree Grease	Provide fire and heat baffle	C	Heat / fire board Doors Met 90 minutes Test		Stainless steel fiber / base gold Genus silicate resin	The layers may be optimized to improve performance
D	Heat / fire board For offshore applications Design			Provide fire and heat baffle	E	Fire partitions Air space	Corrugated inorganic composite material Feed	Fiber / alkali metal silicate Salt resin	Composite material is molded into a corrugated
F	With improved anti- Fire performance has Machine Composites	Inorganic composite materials / Organic composite materials / Inorganic composite materials	Fiber / alkali metal silicate Salt resin	Increased organic composite material and provide fire resistance High strength	E	Fire partitions Air space	Corrugated inorganic composite material Feed	Fiber / alkali metal silicate Salt resin	Composite material is molded into a corrugated
F	With improved anti- Fire performance has Machine Composites		Fiber / alkali metal silicate Salt resin		G	Superior insulation and Fire Performance Materials Feed	Inorganic composite materials / Inorganic foam / Inorganic composite materials	Fiber / alkali metal silicate Salt resin	Foam may be glass, carbon and the like of the fire Foam Systems
H	High-intensity fire Bulkhead	Inorganic composite materials / Mineral core / inorganic compound Composite materials	Stainless steel fiber / base gold Is a silicate resin composite Material	Known mineral core fire core, and composites Expected to improve the performance of fire partitions	G	Superior insulation and Fire Performance Materials Feed		Fiber / alkali metal silicate Salt resin

Other suitable examples include laminates or systems in Table 2 Example 1 to Example 8, in which the material Type "composite material" as including alkali metal silicate resin and an inorganic reinforced polymer composite material.

Table 2

Example	Floor	Material	Type of material	Advantage	Note
Example	Floor	Material	Type of material	Advantage	Note	1	1	FR/C	Composites	Light weight fire retardant / fire compartment plate	Thickness range From one layer to multilayer
						1	1	FR/C	Composites	Light weight fire retardant / fire compartment plate
					2	1	FR / C (or G)	Composites	Heat / fire partition	Insulating material comprises a core may be Honeycombs
	2	Balsa	Insulation materials (wood Material)	Light weight and low cost	2	1	FR / C (or G)	Composites	Heat / fire partition
	2	Balsa	Insulation materials (wood Material)	Light weight and low cost		3	FR / C (or G)	Composites
3	1	MDF	Timber	Heat / fire partition		3	FR / C (or G)	Composites			FR / SS and Pauusol layer Carried out in order to obtain any performance Optimization
3	1	MDF	Timber	Heat / fire partition		2	FR/SS	Composites	Core
	3	Palusol	Expansion Pads	90 minute levels thin doors		2	FR/SS	Composites	Core
	3	Palusol	Expansion Pads	90 minute levels thin doors		4	FR/SS	Composites	Core
	5	Palusol	Expansion Pads			4	FR/SS	Composites	Core	Expansion pad for many species Any one of the
	5	Palusol	Expansion Pads			6	FR/SS	Composites
	7	MDF	Timber			6	FR/SS	Composites
	7	MDF	Timber		4	1	Paint	Expansion paint	Heat / fire partition	System is being used by the U.S. Navy into the An assessment
	2	FR / G (or SS)	Composites	Superiority	4	1	Paint	Expansion paint	Heat / fire partition
	2	FR / G (or SS)	Composites	Superiority		3	Cover	Eight pounds Mineral cover Layer	Twice the weight of the cover layer the same
	4	Steel	Bulkhead structure			3	Cover	Eight pounds Mineral cover Layer	Twice the weight of the cover layer the same
	4	Steel	Bulkhead structure		5	1	FR/Any	Corrugated structure	Improve the thermal performance of air space		Any party that produces air space France can be - can be easily gifted Of
6	1	FR/Any	Composites	FyreRoc-fire board	5	1	FR/Any	Corrugated structure	Improve the thermal performance of air space	FyreRoc composite materials have improved Machine laminate strength and fire resistance Can
6	1	FR/Any	Composites	FyreRoc-fire board		2	RP	Organic composite materials Feed	Any organic composite materials to improve Fire Performance
	3	FR/Any	Composites			2	RP	Organic composite materials Feed	Any organic composite materials to improve Fire Performance
	3	FR/Any	Composites		7	1	FR/Any	Composites	A high level of thermal insulation and fire resistance		Foam material may be glass, carbon And so on. Appropriate choice of foam material Material can become fire protection systems
	2	Foam	Inorganic foams Feed	Insulation and fire resistance	7	1	FR/Any	Composites	A high level of thermal insulation and fire resistance
	2	Foam	Inorganic foams Feed	Insulation and fire resistance		3	FR/Any	Composites	General performance
8	1	FR/SS	Composites	Mineral core increase the strength after the fire		3	FR/Any	Composites	General performance	Fireproof mineral core is known core -FR/SS Improve internal weaknesses
8	1	FR/SS	Composites	Mineral core increase the strength after the fire		2	Mineral core	Mineral core
	3	FR/SS	Composites			2	Mineral core	Mineral core

Material coding

FR＝	Obtained from the alkali metal silicate inorganic polymer matrix
FR＝		C＝	Carbon fiber
G＝	Glass	C＝	Carbon fiber
G＝	Glass	Any＝	Arbitrary fiber
SS＝	Stainless steel fibers	Any＝	Arbitrary fiber
SS＝	Stainless steel fibers	MDS＝	Medium density wood
RP＝	Reinforced plastics	MDS＝	Medium density wood

From Table 1 and Table 2, it is clear that many different types of laminates or structures by at least one layer packet An alkali metal silicate material comprising an inorganic polymer layer and other layers, the other layers, such as insulating layer, swelling Layer, a foam layer, corrugated layer, strengthening layer material layer, and the like may have at least one layer.

Based on the final formulation and selected processing conditions, is about 900 ℃ at high temperatures and higher, the The resulting composite material exhibits dimensional stability, and in the fire, smoke and toxicity has excellent Performance. Using the present invention, inorganic resin composition composite material having a light weight and good heat-insulating Performance. Curing the composite material due to low temperature and pressure, it is possible to be made relatively cheaply Various profiles.

The resin composition is used as a fireproof inorganic binder, bulk molding material, a sheet molding composition, Adhesives, coatings, pure resin composition, the cellular material, such as foam composition, composite material or a fire. Make The composite material, inorganic curing resin composition can be made by foaming a shaped object. As a composite material is another situation, the composition used to impregnate the fabric, the fabric can be impregnated And other similar fabric impregnated together form a laminate, and then shaped and cured to form a The composite material or a shaped object, similar bulk material, but with the increase in the strength of the fabric brought Strong advantages. The composition of the present invention is used for applications requiring good thermal stability and physical stability of the occasion, more than If using ceramic composites occasions. ...

People on the glass, stainless steel and carbon-reinforced resin composite material fireproof inorganic thermal properties were evaluated Assessment, said thermal properties include thermal conductivity, thermal expansion and specific heat. Inorganic composite materials for the new fire, Using these methods to assess the thermal properties at a temperature range of from room temperature to 800 ℃, has shown a consistent, and This consistency of the organic resin systems can not be achieved.

Can be laminated using standard techniques of the multi-layer structure made of composite materials, such as required The nature of the system, can be an inorganic high temperature high-strength organic adhesive or bonding techniques. Moreover, by connecting Or laminated, the composite material or sheet fireproof layer or a composite material with an organic material bonded to the core, Can produce organic - inorganic hybrid materials. Fireproof composite material or sheet material as fire, oxygen separator, And a lower degree of thermal insulation. Different and passive insulation, fire of the composite material is not primarily through the resistor Only caused by heat decomposition of the organic resin play a role, but the inorganic material is used as the resin composite fireproof flame Spacers and oxygen. In addition, fire composite material can improve the organic - inorganic hybrid composite strength. ...

Fireproof composite materials may be used alone or in conjunction with other core materials, such as preparation, together with the wood Into the fire doors. The fireproof composite material can be used alone as a separator, it can be made with an air space, As can be corrugated materials, honeycomb material or an inorganic hollow spheres added to the resin composition in order to strengthen the anti- Fire performance, improved heat insulating effect, or in the case of not adding the core material to enhance its structural performance. Moreover, the Fireproof composite material can be single or multi-core structure, and used together to improve various properties. The Fire Composite material can and need to improve the fire performance of any substrate used with or connected together using, such as re- It does not have a fire resistance with other matrix material further laminated to enhance the overall composite Material properties. The multilayer structure may be added to a support structure, such as (but not limited to) metal mesh, Metal mesh and glass screen and so on. Although through a fire door application to illustrate its advantages, but the actual The present invention in any fire partitions used in the structure. Since said inorganic fireproof composite resin Was designed to test the jet by fire, such as fire doors, and retain the protective layer of the core and not too Weight, then the core is now able to meet operational performance requirements, in the absence of the previously fireproof composite material, Is impossible. Fireproof composite material weight ratio of its intensity is important for the production of fireproof partitions. As described above, a thin lightweight fireproof partitions, if 60 and 90 minutes fire rating, It can be used for more buildings. ...

The multilayer material of the present invention, or a fire protection system according to two main types of the test method. First Flammability test method for measuring the material to be tested fuel fire ban triangular section. Flammability test Test method ASTM (ASTM), the U.S. National Fire Protection Association (NFPA), the International Maritime Organization (IMO), the International Organization for Standardization (ISO), Underwriters Laboratory (UL) standards are described, In other tests, or the time required for combustion, flame spread rate, heat release and retention (smoke) Standard procedures are described. The test is used to determine material characteristics on the performance of the FST. After having modified Good fire performance of organic composite materials, with the performance, while the other will be at the expense of the system Energy. ...

The second method is to be exposed to the test material may produce actual fire trap Approximate time - Burning Temperature curve. In such a test, the test material is exposed on the curve, a certain time, and then the storm Exposed material performance evaluated. The two curves are often used: ASTM E-119 curves and UL-1709 curve. ASTM E-119 curve is designed to track the temperature change of building fire, with Most of the building structure to assess the product. ASTM E-1119 curve is a large building in order to simulate real Fire, and according to various failure criteria for certain parts of the fire tolerance is judged. In certain circumstances , Based on a certain thickness, timber member in the curve E-119 test conditions, of 20 minutes or more can be tolerated Long. To enhance fire performance can be sandwiched between two layers of fireproof timber insulation intermediate, or two Fire wood is used between layer / insulating layer. The surface of the sample subjected to a certain temperature, respectively, in 30, 45, 60 and 90 minutes into the measurement. UL-1709 track fuel the fire temperature conditions, for aerospace and Military products tests. In joist assessment, failure criteria are structured completely destroyed from occurring. ...

Figure 1 illustrates the system according to the present invention, an example of a multilayer. As shown, the multilayer assembly 1 May be, for example, a door or a partition. Multilayer an intumescent material by a layer 2 made of wood in the expansion Both sides of the material layer, a layer of the laminated resin 3 is an alkali metal silicate and an outer surface 4, the outer layer may be Wood or other materials, to provide the desired appearance. Moreover, as shown in Figure 2, can be obtained by 1 is connected to the outer multilayer or laminated metals having a shaped front 5 and rear 6 to obtain additional Surface protection. Figures 3 and 4 illustrate two common improve fire resistance of the fire wood components. Shown in Figure 3, Fire protection layer 7 laminated between two layers of

wood structure

8 and 9 middle. Figure 4, the fire protection layer 7 with a wooden structure 10 Surfaces. ...

wood structure

Figure 6 and Figure 7 illustrates another embodiment of the present inventive concept, a structure in which structures, such as I-beams 15 with fireproof layer sets. For example, fire protection layer of the present invention sets an alkali metal silicate resin impregnated non-woven glass Fiber mat, which is placed on the word and is molded to the beam, as shown in Figure 7 made of fire-beam 17.

In order to further understanding of the invention, a composite material prepared by a large number of multi-layer structure, and their use as fire Evaluate the performance of the material. Core is made of fireproof inorganic resin, it has to end as fire and after the fire Constitutive elements of the dual capability. This new core system much better insulating properties than steel (thermal conductivity of 2.5 BTU (British thermal units) in / hr ft2 F for 325 BTU in / hr ft2 F). In order to have sufficient Enough to meet the thermal insulation cold end E-119 test specification, the core structure expansion material added. By test Plate structure as both the expanding material role insulating material, but also play the role of heat sink. In the fire test, The materials swell results to keep the temperature of the cold end of the ignition point of the following timber. Cold end of wood Layer structure is not destroyed so, so that it can withstand fire jet pilot. Expanding material disadvantage is that when the fire Flame duration, its insulating effect is reduced to a certain extent, the cold end material will decompose. So Cold Side of the timber is no longer able to withstand fire jet tests. ...

In order to further understanding of the invention, a composite material prepared by a large number of multi-layer structure, and their use as fire Evaluate the performance of the material. Core is made of fireproof inorganic resin, it has to end as fire and after the fire Constitutive elements of the dual capability. This new core system much better insulating properties than steel (thermal conductivity of 2.5 BTU (British thermal units) in / hr ft2 F for 325 BTU in / hr ft2 F). In order to have sufficient Enough to meet the thermal insulation cold end E-119 test specification, the core structure expansion material added. By test Plate structure as both the expanding material role insulating material, but also play the role of heat sink. In the fire test, The materials swell results to keep the temperature of the cold end of the ignition point of the following timber. Cold end of wood Layer structure is not destroyed so, so that it can withstand fire jet pilot. Expanding material disadvantage is that when the fire Flame duration, its insulating effect is reduced to a certain extent, the cold end material will decompose. So Cold Side of the timber is no longer able to withstand fire jet tests. ...³(Inorganic layer A). Another fire impregnated into the glass fabric laminates including fire inorganic resin, thick Degree of 0.064cm, a density of 1.90gms/cm³(Inorganic layer B);, and impregnated into a glass fiber mat Fire inorganic resin having a thickness of 0.089cm, a density of 2.3gms/cm³(Inorganic layer C).

Evaluated in this test system consists of two layers sandwiching the wood fire partitions components. To be tested The fire partitions with a single component systems and systems with a mezzanine. To optimize the performance of the entire system fire was Test various changes made fireproof partitions. There are different levels of various structural insulation and fire partitions Layer, in order to assess these variables on system performance. The thickness of the expansion material 0.318cm in When heated expansion ratio of 4 to 1. All samples thickness of about 4.45cm. Although you can use High Density Fibreboard (HDF), the timber used in the evaluation is medium density fiberboard (MDF). The thickness of the wood Ranging from thick at 3/4 inch to thin at 1/4 inches to increase the gate through the design process. Comprising a core Included, the overall thickness of the door 13/4 inch, to allow processing out 1 inch, i.e. each side of the swap processing 1/2 Inches. 90 minutes fire rating of the door, the core thickness of about 1/4 inch. The sample used for evaluation As follows: ...

1, used as a control sample of wood;

2, wood floor / fire protection layer "A" / wood sandwich layer structure sample;

3, the timber layer / expandable material layer / interlayer layer structure sample timber; and

4, wood floor / fire protection layer "A" / intumescent material layer / fire protection layer "A" / wood sandwich layer structure sample.

The second furnace furnace are:

5, the timber layer / fire protection layer "A" / intumescent material layer / fire protection layer "A" / timber layer structure sample;

6, the timber layer / fire protection layer "B" / intumescent material layer / fire protection layer "B" / wood layer structure of the sample;

7, wood floor / fire protection layer "C" / intumescent material layer / fire protection layer "C" / intumescent material layer / fire protection layer "C" / Timber layer structure of the sample.

Length 61cm, width 61cm fire test of the test plate in the Southwest Research Institute. Initially identified using The E-119 Time - combustion temperature curve observed from the burning wood in the heat to more than the original song Line. In order to obtain more useful data, and UL-1709 test temperature curve compared to the curve Closer to the situation observed (Figure 8). This test, using a surface temperature of 232 ℃.

Test boards using a thermocouple for temperature and cold temperature inside the multi-point monitoring. Each furnace four Conduct a pilot test plate. In each test plate after failure during the test ends. Flame penetration of the sample Time point showed that the test board has lapsed. Test results are summarized in Figure 9 and Figure 10.

In the first experiment observed in the furnace, coreless wood samples in 25 minutes, 45 seconds after the failure, there are anti- Fire-layer core samples at 29 minutes after the lapse with intumescent material core sample at 32 minutes 45 seconds after the lapse Fire protection layer / expandable material / fire protection layer sandwich structure at 39 minutes after the failure.

No fire during the movement from the ignition flame and gas-barrier material role in the flame newcomer Results Role of structural material. As structural components, the core can tolerate resistance test timber member is decomposed, and still Can withstand fire jet pilot. Fireproof core can also be exposed to fire in the later stages of the fixed expansion material, Steam during ignition and reduce the release rate. Fireproof intumescent material layer and multilayer structure formed Synergies arising agencies compared each material concerned, will bring significant advantages. Moreover, the expansion material Be limiting in expansion between the inorganic layer and not, as such layers is not limited to all Fangxiang Yan Stretch. ...

Inorganic fire core and insulation materials used, after exposure to fire, structural strength required to maintain the application of Occasions, in a 90-minute time to meet E-119 test specification. The second furnace used in the test Observed in the sample test results show that the inorganic resin / glass fiber core of the inorganic / stainless steel fibers Core performance. Tests showed that the glass fiber composite laminates containing a stainless steel mesh than the early failure of composite laminates about 12 minutes. It is believed that the glass / stainless steel enhanced fire protection layer of the sample compared to the low thermal properties and In the case of elevated temperature strength loss is caused by differences in their performance reasons. Has three layers and fire Two expandable layer sample and fire protection layer / expansion material layer / layer structure compared to the fire, failure time can be extended by 50 Minutes. Data show that the thickness of 0.040 "fire flammable timber layer can extend the expiration time will be Wood insulation performance improvement is not caused by reasons. Instead, people that played the oxygen compartment fire protection layer The role of isolates and slows burning rate was produced this result. Fire protection layer / expansion material layer / core layer fireproof The combination has been one based on individual layers or separate use of fire-resistant material layer data is expected to swell the knot Fruit. When using the expandable material core performance improvement seen, is that it should have the ability to send the timber adiabatic Play a role. Therefore, fire intumescent material layer and the combination of the results as expected. Specimen failure Time increases 20 minutes showed a multilayer core layer of intumescent material and fire produced a synergistic effect. ...

Thickness of 0.953cm fire by the multi-layer and multi-layer material consisting of the expansion of the core, embedded in the thickness 4.45cm wood is processed, the can meet ASTM E-119 test 90 minutes rating. By the Inorganic fire fire multilayer resin that it does not depend on the characteristics of the organic laminate and heat separated, Instead resin as a fire ban different angles of the fire triangle name / oxygen barrier material. As the fire / oxygen barrier material, These fireproof inorganic laminate materials can not prevent decomposition, but prevent it from burning. Because the cold end of the plank Heat to obtain a rating ASTM E-119 is important, so the expansion layer by using enhanced insulation properties. And Moreover, the limiting effect of the expansion material of the inorganic layer expansion, rather than that the layer is not limited Extends in all directions. ...

In addition to tablet hybrid structures, also produced and evaluated joist heterozygous samples used in the submarine The performance of the real grille for simulations. Joist heterozygous sample is prepared by the inorganic resin curing composite materials The organic resin composite beams after scraping the surface of the organic resin composite material is an epoxy resin compound Phenolic material or composite material. Two organic resin composite beams made by the pultrusion method, and With braid reinforcement. Inorganic composite material is impregnated carbon fiber soft cover, and set in the word beam, Be completely covered. The soft case is capable of being impregnated knit, and then pulled the word of the beam to cover Cover its surface. Fireproof layer thickness of about 0.07cm. Enhancer is inserted in the joist to ensure I-beam curing has enough internal pressure. Then the hybrid composite beams with vacuum packing And curing in an autoclave. ...

In addition to tablet hybrid structures, also produced and evaluated joist heterozygous samples used in the submarine The performance of the real grille for simulations. Joist heterozygous sample is prepared by the inorganic resin curing composite materials The organic resin composite beams after scraping the surface of the organic resin composite material is an epoxy resin compound Phenolic material or composite material. Two organic resin composite beams made by the pultrusion method, and With braid reinforcement. Inorganic composite material is impregnated carbon fiber soft cover, and set in the word beam, Be completely covered. The soft case is capable of being impregnated knit, and then pulled the word of the beam to cover Cover its surface. Fireproof layer thickness of about 0.07cm. Enhancer is inserted in the joist to ensure I-beam curing has enough internal pressure. Then the hybrid composite beams with vacuum packing And curing in an autoclave. ...²And 100kW / m²Conditions.

Tablet hybrid composite materials flammability test systems for a variety of different thicknesses, from inorganic fireproof resin Protection of carbon / epoxy or glass / epoxy composites. All samples have the same thickness Degree-combustible material. Phenolic composite material flammability test only for a two-tier inorganic glass composite resin Material multilayer proceed. As shown in Table 2 and Table 3, the performance of all tests are very good.

Table 3

Heat flux of 75kW / m²When ASTM1354 data

System: Epoxy core and inorganic thin sheet panel

Materials (inorganic sheet structure)	Burning when needed Room (s)	Peak heat release Rate (Kw / m²)	Average heat release rate 5 minutes (Kw / m³)	The total heat release (MJ / m²)
Materials (inorganic sheet structure)	Burning when needed Room (s)	Peak heat release Rate (Kw / m²)	Average heat release rate 5 minutes (Kw / m³)	The total heat release (MJ / m²)	A layer of carbon fiber mat	117	271	151	57
Two layers of carbon fiber mat	166	244	155	62	A layer of carbon fiber mat	117	271	151	57
Two layers of carbon fiber mat	166	244	155	62	4 layers of carbon fiber mat	221	203	123	56
8-layer carbon fiber mat	306	186	110	63	4 layers of carbon fiber mat	221	203	123	56
8-layer carbon fiber mat	306	186	110	63	1 layers of glass fiber mat	136	266	157	65
2 layers of glass fiber mat	137	230	145	55	1 layers of glass fiber mat	136	266	157	65
2 layers of glass fiber mat	137	230	145	55	4 layers of glass fiber mat	232	229	130	67
8 layers of glass fiber mat	302	195	81	61	4 layers of glass fiber mat	232	229	130	67
8 layers of glass fiber mat	302	195	81	61	Pure epoxy / glass sheet	28	328	201	60

Table 4

Heat flux of 75kW / m²And 100kW / m²When ASTM1354 data

System: phenolic core and two layers of thin sheets of inorganic carbon

Material (heat flux) (kW / m²)	Burning need Time (sec)	Peak heat release Rate (Kw / m²)	The average heat release Rate 5 minutes (Kw / m³)	The total heat release (MJ / m²)
Material (heat flux) (kW / m²)	Burning need Time (sec)	Peak heat release Rate (Kw / m²)	The average heat release Rate 5 minutes (Kw / m³)	The total heat release (MJ / m²)	2 layers of carbon sheet (75)	255.12	40.14	25.74	11.19
Two layers of carbon sheet (100)	73.38	64.86	35	14.07	2 layers of carbon sheet (75)	255.12	40.14	25.74	11.19
Two layers of carbon sheet (100)	73.38	64.86	35	14.07	Phenolic composite sheet (75)	163	64	48	No data
Phenolic composite sheet (100)	62	81	53	No data	Phenolic composite sheet (75)	163	64	48	No data

The second test procedures was assessed using hybrid multilayer beams of fire resistance. Be described by the joist Inorganic composite resin or a phenol-protected composite core configuration (Figure 6 and Figure 7). This test uses the exact procedures to heterozygous for multilayer beams on the durability of effects to make the best assessment Price. Using E-119 time - temperature curve and combustion similar to MIL-G-18015B test procedure, the test Under load test simulated real fire scenarios. In the fire test, joist spans in the furnace, 20 pounds The load perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the beam hanging below it. As the trial progressed, eventually burning beams Burn, fracture. ...

In all fire performance test of inorganic resins get the same result: no flammability. The reason is The resin is not designed as a source of fuel. Useful data is provided as a hybrid laminates Of combustible and non-combustible sandwich the core between the panels effect. Tablet and heterozygous joist majority such as pre- Same period of play.

In all fire performance test of inorganic resins get the same result: no flammability. The reason is The resin is not designed as a source of fuel. Useful data is provided as a hybrid laminates Of combustible and non-combustible sandwich the core between the panels effect. Tablet and heterozygous joist majority such as pre- Same period of play....

Theoretically, a hybrid working laminates to increase by eliminating oxygen completely decompose the organic layer The time required, but decomposition will occur, just need more time. Hybrid laminates have lower peak Heat release rate. I believe this is due to lack of oxygen needed for combustion due. If the theory is that inorganic fire tree Fat's role is as a flame with oxygen separator, then fire the thickness should affect the fire resistance Minimal. Interestingly, the data did show either phenolic or epoxy laminate surface fire heterozygous The thickness of the ignition time and the heat release rate there is a direct correlation between. Fire caused by insulation thickness Improved performance may be reasons for this trend is to produce, but this seems unlikely. Another possible solution Release may be fireproof layer hardening effect. A large thickness to better fire protection layer adhered to the organic layer, Oxide spacers allows a relatively long time to play a role. ...

Tablet core made of epoxy hybrid laminates fire temperature adhesives are used to bond panels. Pick The core material with a hybrid phenolic laminate without using the adhesive fire, but the inorganic resin is cured when it is connected to Scratched the surface of the core. Two connection methods to get the data follow the same trend, indicating that the connection Way hybrid laminates performance impact is minimal. Mixed with epoxy core made of fireproof laminates exhibit The increase in the ignition time, ranging from one layer to increase the increase factor of four to eight factor of 10. As The inorganic oxide spacers are also fire for 5 minutes the resin panel caused by the peak heat release rate and the rate of heat release Decreased. All samples of approximately the same total heat. Fireproof material core hybrid phenolic laminate surface of two layers of carbon Plates, and increasing the ignition time and reduce the heat release rate of the core and the epoxy resin have been heterozygous against Fire laminates considerable results. ...

The evaluation of the second stage is determined by the epoxy / glass and phenolic / glass, with a non- Machine fireproof layer beams protective effect. Used in the evaluation test using the ASTM method is a E-119 Time - combustion temperature curve real small-scale fire test. First test of epoxy resin / Glazier word beams, using the E-119 at the time - the combustion temperature curve when it lapsed after 3 minutes. Mix Co-epoxy-beam suspension 20 pounds in load, the use of E-119 Time - combustion temperature curve, at 12.5 Minutes after the failure. Phenols joist nine minutes after the lapse of the hybrid layer covers the kind beams 19 minutes after Lapse. Theoretically, the fire protection layer should be used to prevent burning oxygen, so you can increase the mixture joist Time to failure. With fireproof resin protective layer beams indicate the failure time increases, the thickness 0.03 inches thin layer can bring fire performance improved significantly. The failure mode and tablet similar to the word Because the beam effects and eventually lapsed thermal decomposition. ...

Other embodiments of the present invention is shown in Figure 12. Figure 12 shows the upper part of the middle portion, a base Any suitable metal silicate resin can enhance the range of materials, such as glass reinforced materials, carbon-reinforced material Material or steel, reinforced materials, to manufacture enhanced alkali silicate composite materials. The composite material can be used Constituting components, such as structural fire protection, or for a variety of substrates, such as the organic resin composite material, Wood, steel, etc., constitute the structural components. Alternatively, by the addition of different types of insulating material Materials, such as ceramics, minerals and the like, alkali metal silicate composite thermal insulation system can be formed. As Alternatively, the alkali metal silicate by adding a variety of composite materials of different types of expansion material, Such as alkali metal silicates, flake graphite, vermiculite, etc., can form expansion systems. Similarly, a variety of different Types of inorganic foamed materials such as glass or carbon, can be alkali metal silicate composite material formed Foam system. These systems, including other systems not shown, to form different types of structures, The sandwich plate structure such as a simple, multi-layer sandwich plate structure to form other systems using these structures, Then applied to the substrate to form a structure fire protection system. ...

Other substrates include organic resin, typically including a wide variety of polymers such as polyesters, polyethers, Olefins, polyvinyl chloride, epoxy resin, nylon, phenolic, and the like. Other substrates include low Melting point metals such as aluminum, brass, bronze, and even different types of steel. Two or more alkali Metal silicate composite materials can be adjacent to each other or separated by other layers or the like.

% E6% 9C% AC% E5% 8F% 91% E6% 98% 8E% E4% BB% A4% E4% BA% BA% E6% AC% A3% E6% 85% B0% E7% 9A% 84% E6 % 98% AF% EF% BC% 8C% E9% 98% B2% E7% 81% AB% E5% 92% 8C% 2F% E9% 98% BB% E7% 81% AB% E5% B1% 82% E6 % 9D% BF% E6% 88% 96% E5% A4% 8D% E5% 90% 88% E6% 9D% 90% E6% 96% 99% E5% 8F% AF% E7% 94% B1% E5% 90 % 84% E7% A7% 8D% E5% 90% 84% E6% A0% B7% E7% 9A% 84% E5% BD% A2% E7% 8A% B6% E5% 92% 8C% 0A% 20% 20 % 20% 20% 20% 20% 20% 20% 20% 20% 20% 20% E6% 9D% 90% E6% 96% 99% E5% 88% B6% E5% BE% 97% E3% 80% 82 % E6% 9C% AC% E5% 8F% 91% E6% 98% 8E% E7% 9A% 84% E9% 98% B2% E7% 81% AB% E7% A2% B1% E9% 87% 91% E5 % B1% 9E% E7% A1% 85% E9% 85% B8% E7% 9B% 90% E6% A0% 91% E8% 84% 82% E6% 9C% 89% E8% B6% B3% E5% A4 % 9F% E7% 9A% 84% E6% 9F% 94% E9% 9F% A7% E6% 80% A7% EF% BC% 8C% E5% 8F% AF% E7% 94% A8% E4% BA% 8E % E5% 90% 84% E7% A7% 8D% E5% 9E% 8B% E6% 9D% 90% EF% BC% 8C% 0A% 20% 20% 20% 20% 20% 20% 20% 20% 20 % 20% 20% 20% E4% B8% 8D% E7% AE% A1% E6% 98% AF% E7% BB% 93% E6% 9E% 84% E7% 89% A9% E6% 88% 96% E9 % 80% 9A% E8% BF% 87% E4% BD% BF% E7% 94% A8% E6% 9C% A8% E6% 96% 99% E8% 96% 84% E6% 9D% BF% E6% 8F % 90% E4% BE% 9B% E5% 85% BC% E5% 85% B7% E7% BE% 8E% E8% A7% 82% E5% 92% 8C% E9% 98% B2% E7% 81% AB % E5% AE% 89% E5% 85% A8% E6% 80% A7% E5% BE% 97% E5% 88% B0% E6% 94% B9% E8% BF% 9B% E7% 9A% 84% E7 % BB% 84% E5% 90% 88% 0A% 20% 20% 20% 20% 20% 20% 20% 20% 20% 20% 20% 20% E4% BD% 93% E3% 80% 82

According to the present invention, another embodiment, a variety of fire protection systems through at least the multilayer A fastened together by fastening means, or the like. Typical fastening means comprises bolts, staples, rivets, Metal wire, adhesives, magnets, edge channels, screws, nails, or combinations thereof.

To illustrate and describe the purpose of the above described specific embodiments of the present invention. These descriptions and tools Body embodiment is not exhaustive, or to limit the invention to the particular form disclosed therein; the Moreover, it is evident that, according to the above disclosure, many modifications and variations there are programs. This These embodiments are described in selected and is to the principles of the invention and its practical use to The best description, and take this to the other technical fields for the predetermined occasion can be a variety of Kind of modified embodiment best utilize the invention. From the scope of the invention be limited to the following claims Fixed. ...

Claims

1 A multilayer fire protection systems, including:

At least one alkali metal silicate resin composition comprising:

An inorganic resin composition comprises an alkali metal silicate and / or a precursor of an alkali metal silicate, water And optional clay and / or oxide filler reaction product; or

An inorganic resin composition comprises an alkali metal silicate and / or alkali metal silicate precursor of a Oxyanions or more of the acidic compounds, water, optionally containing one or more of the polyvalent cations Thereof, and optionally the clay and / or oxide reaction product of a filler; polyvalent cations include the periodic table Or 16 of the first 2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15 polyvalent cations Promoter or any combination of them; or

An inorganic resin composition comprises an alkali metal silicate and / or alkali metal silicate precursors, anti- Should be of glass, water, optionally one or more of the acidic oxygen-containing anionic compound, and optionally the clay and / Reaction products or oxide filler; and

Any optional at least one layer of materials, including insulating materials, expanded materials, foams, anti- Emissive material, reinforced materials, corrugated materials, any of the above materials which are included in the gas space, or the Combination of said material.

2, according to claim 1, The multilayer fire protection system, wherein said alkali metal silicate resin layer packet Including reinforcing material, and wherein said at least one fiber reinforced material, a sheet, a Screen, or a mesh fabric, or a combination thereof.

3, according to claim 2 multilayer fire protection system, wherein said resin composition comprising non-clay fill Materials, including fibers, balls and particles, and wherein said microsphere comprises a ball, a large ball, or hollow balls and Solid ball, the ball of the material include glass, ceramics, metal, mineral, organic or inorganic materials.

4, according to claim 2 multilayer fire protection system in which the reinforcing fibers include nickel fiber, glass fiber Dimension, carbon fibers, graphite fibers, mineral fibers, carbon dioxide fibers, graphite fibers oxide, polypropylene oxide, Acrylonitrile fiber, steel fiber, metal fiber, metal-coated carbon fibers, metal coated glass fiber, Metal-coated graphite fibers, metal coated ceramic fibers, nickel-coated graphite fibers, nickel-coated Carbon fibers, nickel-coated glass fibers, quartz fibers, ceramic fibers, silicon carbide fibers, stainless steel fibers Dimension, titanium fibers, nickel alloy fiber, brass coated steel fibers, polymer fibers, polymer-coated Carbon fibers, polymer-coated graphite fibers, polymer-coated glass fiber, ceramic-coated carbon fiber Dimension, ceramic coated graphite fibers, ceramic coated glass fiber, aromatic polyamide fiber, basalt fiber Dimension, alkali-resistant glass fiber, E-glass fibers, S-glass fibers, polyethylene fibers, SiC fibers, or BN fibers or combinations thereof. ...

6, according to claim 4 multilayer fire protection system, wherein said alkali metal silicate comprises potassium silicate Solution, a sodium silicate solution, sodium crystals, potassium crystalline silicon, amorphous sodium silicates, or amorphous Potassium silicate, lithium silicate and mixtures thereof, wherein said reactive glass comprises of the following formulas Compounds:

a(A’ ₂O) _xb(G _fO) _yc(A”O) _z

Wherein A 'represents at least one alkali metal glass modifiers, as a fusion agent, G_fIndicates that at least one Kinds of glass-forming material, A "represents, optionally, at least one glass network modifier, a melt that Agent present in an amount in the range from 1 to about 5, b represents the number of glass-forming material present, its scope Circ from 1 to about 10, c denotes a glass network modifier present in an amount in the range from 0 to about 30, x represents the molar fraction fusion, between about 0.050 and about 0.150, y is the glass-forming substance The mole fraction of between about 0.200 and about 0.950, z represents the molar glass network modifier Fraction, about 0.001 and about 0.000 or 0.500, x + y + z = 1, and x <y, wherein A ' Include lithium, sodium, potassium, rubidium or cesium, wherein G ..._fIndicates that at least one Kinds of glass-forming material, A "represents, optionally, at least one glass network modifier, a melt that Agent present in an amount in the range from 1 to about 5, b represents the number of glass-forming material present, its scope Circ from 1 to about 10, c denotes a glass network modifier present in an amount in the range from 0 to about 30, x represents the molar fraction fusion, between about 0.050 and about 0.150, y is the glass-forming substance The mole fraction of between about 0.200 and about 0.950, z represents the molar glass network modifier Fraction, about 0.001 and about 0.000 or 0.500, x + y + z = 1, and x <y, wherein A ' Include lithium, sodium, potassium, rubidium or cesium, wherein G ...

Oxyanion wherein said acidic compounds include boric acid, phosphoric acid, sulfuric acid, dihydrogen phosphate, Sodium phosphate, disodium hydrogen phosphate, dipotassium hydrogen phosphate, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, ammonium hydrogen phosphate, ammonium dihydrogen phosphate, gold Attributes and / or nonmetallic phosphates, or contain borate, sulfate, aluminate, vanadate, A compound or germanium salt, or a mixture thereof.

Oxyanion wherein said acidic compounds include boric acid, phosphoric acid, sulfuric acid, dihydrogen phosphate, Sodium phosphate, disodium hydrogen phosphate, dipotassium hydrogen phosphate, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, ammonium hydrogen phosphate, ammonium dihydrogen phosphate, gold Attributes and / or nonmetallic phosphates, or contain borate, sulfate, aluminate, vanadate, A compound or germanium salt, or a mixture thereof....

About 30% to about 85% by weight of at least said alkali metal silicate;

About 0.01% to about 60% by weight of at least said reactive glass;

About 0% or 0.01% to about 20% by weight of oxygen-containing anions of at least said acidic compounds;

About 0% or 0.1% to about 20% by weight of at least said clay filler;

About 0% or 0.01% to about 20% by weight of at least said oxide; and

About 15% to about 60% by weight of said water.

9, according to claim 6 multilayer fire protection system, wherein said resin composition comprises the following substances Reaction product of:

About 30% to about 85% by weight of at least said alkali metal silicate;

About 0.01% to about 20% by weight of at least said periodic table 2,3,4,5,6,7 8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15 or 16 of polyvalent cations;

About 0.01% to about 20% by weight of oxygen-containing anions of at least said acidic compounds;

About 0% or 0.1% to about 20% by weight of at least said clay filler;

About 0% or 0.01% to about 20% by weight of at least said oxide; and

About 15% to about 60% by weight of said water.

A process according to claim 8 The multilayer fire protection system, wherein said resin composition at a temperature ranging from About 15 ℃ to about 1000 ℃, external pressure ranges from atmospheric pressure to about 2,0000 psi and, optionally from the normally Pressure to about 10^-3torr vacuum conditions by curing the resin.

11, according to claim 2 multilayer fire protection systems, including at least one of said alkali metal silicate tree Resin composition, and includes at least one insulating layer.

12, according to claim 4 multilayer fire protection systems, including at least one of said alkali metal silicate tree Resin composition, and includes at least one insulating layer, and wherein said insulating layer comprises a silicate compound Materials, aluminate compounds, aluminum compounds, ceramics, include silica, silicates, alumina, Or a metal oxide aluminate, refractory or mixtures thereof.

13, according to claim 6 multilayer fire protection systems, including at least one of said alkali metal silicate tree Resin composition, and includes at least one insulating layer, and wherein said insulating layer comprises a silicate compound Materials, aluminate compounds, aluminum compounds, ceramics, include silica, silicates, alumina, Or a metal oxide aluminate, refractory or mixtures thereof.

14, according to claim 8 The multilayer fire protection systems, including at least one of said alkali metal silicate tree Resin composition, and includes at least one insulating layer, and wherein said insulating layer comprises a silicate compound Materials, aluminate compounds, aluminum compounds, ceramics, include silica, silicates, alumina, Or a metal oxide aluminate, refractory or mixtures thereof.

15, a multilayer according to claim 11 fire protection systems, including at least one expansion layer.

16, according to claim 12 multilayer fire protection systems, including at least one expansion layer.

17, according to claim 13 multilayer fire protection systems, including at least one expansion layer, wherein said Expansion layer comprises flake graphite, alkali metal silicates, alkaline earth silicates, vermiculite, or a mixture thereof.

18, according to claim 14 multilayer fire protection systems, including at least one expansion layer, wherein said Expansion layer comprises flake graphite, alkali metal silicates, alkaline earth silicates, vermiculite, or a mixture thereof.

19, according to claim 2 multilayer fire protection systems, including said at least one alkali metal silicate tree Resin composition, and contains at least one of said expansion layer.

20, according to claim 5, multilayer fire protection systems, including said at least one alkali metal silicate tree Resin composition, and contains at least one of said expansion layer.

21, according to claim 6 multilayer fire protection systems, including said at least one alkali metal silicate tree Resin composition, and contains at least one of said expansion layer, wherein said expansion layer comprises flake graphite, Alkali metal silicates, alkaline earth silicates, vermiculite, or a mixture thereof.

22, according to claim 8 The multilayer fire protection systems, including said at least one alkali metal silicate tree Resin composition, and contains at least one of said expansion layer, wherein said expansion layer comprises flake graphite, Alkali metal silicates, alkaline earth silicates, vermiculite, or a mixture thereof.

23, according to claim 19 multilayer fire protection system, wherein said system comprises at least one is a Layer outer layer of wood fire doors.

24, according to claim 20 multilayer fire protection system, wherein said system comprises at least one is a Layer outer timber layer fire doors, and wherein said system comprises at least one layer of said expansion layer and At least two of said alkali metal silicate resin layer.

25, according to claim 21 multilayer fire protection system, wherein said system comprises at least one is a Layer outer timber layer fire doors, and wherein said system comprises at least two of said expanded material Layer and at least three of said alkali metal silicate resin layer, and wherein at least one of said alkali metal Silicate resin layer includes a steel reinforced mat.

26, according to claim 22 multilayer fire protection system, wherein said system comprises at least one is a Layer outer timber layer fire doors, and wherein said system comprises at least two of said expanded material Layer and at least three of said alkali metal silicate resin layer, and wherein at least one of said alkali metal Silicate resin layer includes a steel reinforced mat.

27, according to claim 2 multilayer fire protection system comprising at least one of said reinforcing layer.

28, according to claim 5, multilayer fire protection systems, including at least two of said reinforcing layer, said An alkali metal silicate in the resin layer between said two reinforced layers.

29, according to claim 6 multilayer fire protection systems, including at least two of said reinforcing layer, said An alkali metal silicate in the resin layer between said two reinforced layers, and wherein said enhancement layer Glass, glass fibers, graphite fibers, basalt fibers, stainless steel fibers, titanium fibers, nickel alloy fiber Dimension, aromatic polyamide fibers, polyethylene fibers, oxidized polyacrylonitrile fibers, SiC fibers, or BN fibers, or mixtures thereof.

30, according to claim 8 The multilayer fire protection systems, including at least two of said reinforcing layer, said An alkali metal silicate in the resin layer between said two reinforced layers, and wherein said enhancement layer Glass, glass fibers, graphite fibers, basalt fibers, stainless steel fibers, titanium fibers, nickel alloy fiber Dimension, aromatic polyamide fibers, polyethylene fibers, oxidized polyacrylonitrile fibers, SiC fibers, or BN fibers, or mixtures thereof.

31, a multilayer fire protection systems, including:

At least two alkali metal silicate resin composition, said composition comprising an alkali metal silicate and / Or a precursor of an alkali metal silicate, one or more of oxyanions acidic compound, water and optionally one or Contains an element selected from a variety of first 2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14, 15 or 16 of the compound of a multivalent cation and, optionally, clay and / or oxide filler of the reaction; Or mixtures thereof;

At least one of said alkali metal silicate compound with enhanced within the resin layer; and

Any optional at least one layer of materials, including insulating materials, expanded materials, foams, anti- Emissive material, reinforced materials, corrugated materials, any of the above materials which are included in the gas space, or the Any combination of said material.

32, according to claim 31 multilayer fire protection system, wherein said alkali metal silicate material growth Compounds are strong fibers, or more different types of fiber, sheet, screen, or mesh fabric, or its Their combinations.

33, according to claim 32 multilayer fire protection system wherein the reinforcing fibers include nickel fibers, glass Fibers, carbon fibers, graphite fibers, mineral fibers, carbon dioxide fibers, graphite fibers oxide, polyethylene oxide, Acrylonitrile fibers, steel fibers, metal fibers, carbon fibers Metallized, Metallized glass fiber, gold-plated Is a graphite fiber, Metallized ceramic fibers, nickel coated graphite fibers, nickel-plated carbon fiber, nickel-plated glass fibers, Silica fibers, ceramic fibers, silicon carbide fibers, stainless steel fibers, titanium fibers, nickel alloy fibers, coated Copper-steel fibers, polymeric fibers, polymer-coated carbon fibers, polymer-coated graphite fibers, the polymer coating Coated glass fiber, carbon-coated ceramic fiber, ceramic coated graphite fibers, ceramic coated glass fiber, aromatic Polyamide fibers, basalt fibers, alkali-resistant glass fiber, E-glass fibers, S-glass fibers, Hyun Basalt fibers, polyethylene fibers, SiC fibers, or BN fibers, or mixtures thereof. ...

Wherein said glass comprises a reactive compound of the following formula:

a(A’ ₂O) _xb(G _fO) _yc(A”O) _z

Wherein A 'represents at least one alkali metal glass modifiers, as a fusion agent, G_fRepresents at least one glass Glass forming material, A "represents, optionally, at least one glass network modifier, a fusion agent is present that The number, which ranges from 1 to about 5, b represents the number of glass-forming material present in the range from 1 to about 10, c denotes a glass network modifier is present in an amount in the range from 0 to about 30, x represents fusion bonding agent Mole fraction, between about 0.050 and about 0.150, y is the mole fraction of glass-forming materials in about Between 0.200 and about 0.950, z denotes a glass network modifier, the mole fraction of about 0.000 and about 0.500, x + y + z = 1, and x <y, wherein A 'include lithium, sodium, potassium, rubidium or cesium, wherein G ..._fRepresents at least one glass Glass forming material, A "represents, optionally, at least one glass network modifier, a fusion agent is present that The number, which ranges from 1 to about 5, b represents the number of glass-forming material present in the range from 1 to about 10, c denotes a glass network modifier is present in an amount in the range from 0 to about 30, x represents fusion bonding agent Mole fraction, between about 0.050 and about 0.150, y is the mole fraction of glass-forming materials in about Between 0.200 and about 0.950, z denotes a glass network modifier, the mole fraction of about 0.000 and about 0.500, x + y + z = 1, and x <y, wherein A 'include lithium, sodium, potassium, rubidium or cesium, wherein G ...

Oxyanion wherein said acidic compound include boric acid, phosphoric acid, sulfuric acid, sodium dihydrogen phosphate, Disodium hydrogen phosphate, dipotassium hydrogen phosphate, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, ammonium hydrogen phosphate, ammonium dihydrogen phosphate, metal and / Or non-metallic phosphate, or boric acid salts, sulfates, aluminates, vanadates, or germanate The compound, or a mixture thereof.

35% E3% 80% 81% E6% A0% B9% E6% 8D% AE% E6% 9D% 83% E5% 88% A9% E8% A6% 81% E6% B1% 8234% E7% 9A% 84% E5% A4% 9A% E5% B1% 82% E9% 98% B2% E7% 81% AB% E7% B3% BB% E7% BB% 9F% EF% BC% 8C% E5% 85% B6% E4% B8% AD% E6% 89% 80% E8% BF% B0% E7% 9A% 84% E5% A2% 9E% E5% BC% BA% E7% BA% A4% E7% BB% B4% E5% 8C% 85% E6% 8B% AC% E7% 9F% B3% E5% A2% A8% E7% BA% A4% E7% BB% B4% E3% 80% 81% 0A% 20% 20% 20% 20% 20% 20% 20% 20% 20% 20% 20% 20% 20% 20% 20% 20E-% E7% 8E% BB% E7% 92% 83% E7% BA% A4% E7% BB% B4% E3% 80 % 81S-% E7% 8E% BB% E7% 92% 83% E7% BA% A4% E7% BB% B4% E3% 80% 81% E7% 8E% 84% E6% AD% A6% E5% B2% A9% E7% BA% A4% E7% BB% B4% E3% 80% 81% E4% B8% 8D% E9% 94% 88% E9% 92% A2% E7% BA% A4% E7% BB% B4% E3% 80% 81% E9% 92% 9B% E7% BA% A4% E7% BB% B4% E3% 80% 81% E9% 95% 8D% E5% 90% 88% E9% 87% 91% E7% BA% A4% E7% BB% B4% E3% 80% 81% 0A% 20% 20% 20% 20% 20% 20% 20% 20% 20% 20% 20% 20% 20% 20% 20% 20% E8% 8A% B3% E6% 97% 8F% E8% 81% 9A% E9% 85% B0% E8% 83% BA% E7% BA% A4% E7% BB% B4% E3% 80% 81% E8% 81% 9A% E4% B9% 99% E7% 83% AF% E7% BA% A4% E7% BB% B4% E3% 80% 81% E6% B0% A7% E5% 8C% 96% E8% 81% 9A% E4% B8% 99% E7% 83% AF% E8% 85% 88% E7% BA% A4% E7% BB% B4% E3% 80% 81SiC% E7% BA% A4% E7% BB% B4% E3% 80% 81BN% E7% BA% A4% E7% BB% B4% EF% BC% 8C% E6% 88% 96% 0A% 20% 20% 20% 20% 20% 20% 20% 20% 20% 20% 20% 20% 20% 20% 20% 20% E5% AE% 83% E4% BB% AC% E7% 9A% 84% E6% B7% B7% E5% 90% 88% E7% 89% A9% EF% BC% 8C% E5% 92% 8C

Wherein said cation is an alkaline earth or zinc cations.

36, according to claim 35 multilayer fire protection system, wherein said resin composition comprises the following physical Qualitative reaction product of:

About 30% to about 85% by weight of at least said alkali metal silicate;

About 0.01% to about 60% by weight of at least said reactive glass;

About 0% or 0.1% to about 20% by weight of at least said clay filler;

About 0% or 0.01% to about 20% by weight of at least said oxide; and

About 15% to about 60% by weight of said water.

37, according to claim 35 multilayer fire protection system, wherein said resin composition comprises the following physical Qualitative reaction product of:

About 30% to about 85% by weight of at least said alkali metal silicate;

About 0% or 0.1% to about 20% by weight of at least said clay filler;

About 0% or 0.01% to about 20% by weight of at least said oxide; and

About 15% to about 60% by weight of said water.

38, according to claim 31 multilayer fire protection systems, wherein at least two of said alkali metal silicate Resin layers adjacent to each other; and optionally contains at least one of said layers.

39, according to claim 34 multilayer fire protection systems, wherein at least two of said alkali metal silicate Resin layers adjacent to each other; and optionally contains at least one of said layers.

40, according to claim 36 multilayer fire protection systems, wherein at least two of said alkali metal silicate Resin layers adjacent to each other; and optionally contains at least one of said layers.

41, according to claim 1, The multilayer fire protection systems, including at least two layers, by at least one fastening device Set fastened together.

42, according to claim 41 multilayer fire protection system, wherein said fastening means comprises bolts, cards Nails, rivets, wire, adhesive, magnets, edge channels, screws, nails, or combinations thereof.